fluid treatment apparatus, groundwater treatment apparatus and fluid treatment method

专利摘要:
FLUID TREATMENT METHODS, SYSTEM AND APPLIANCE. The present invention relates to a portable fluid treatment apparatus that includes a container with an inner wall between the inlet and outlet pipe that defines a bottom space between the bottom of the wall and the bottom inner surface of the container. A series of collectors in the container directs the flow of the incoming fluid and promotes fluid sedimentation. Inlet fluid flows under the wall and upwards into a discharge pipe equipped with ventilation. Multiple sedimentation units are connected in series and mounted in a trailer for transport to a construction site. A rainwater treatment unit is similarly constructed to separate debris from a rainwater stream.
公开号:BR112014006219B1
申请号:R112014006219-6
申请日:2012-09-15
公开日:2020-11-17
发明作者:Wiliam Robert Hannemann；Albert Mayer Cohen；James Creech；Michael Hannemann
申请人:Storm Drain Technologies, Llc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application is related to and claims priority of the Patent Application under serial number US 13 / 605,824 filed on September 6, 2012 to: "CONSTRUCTION SITE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM AND METHODS" which is a continuation request in part of US Patent Application Serial No. 13 / 234,019 filed September 15, 2011 to: "APPARATUS, METHODS, AND SYSTEM FOR TREATMENT OF STORMWATER AND WASTE FLUIDS", the disclosures of which are both incorporated specifically in this document for reference in their totalities. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention relates in general to apparatus, methods and systems for treating rainwater and removing sediment and suspended solids in water discharged from construction, buildings and other places where the discharge of suspended solids in riparian systems rivers or rainwater drainage systems should be avoided and, more particularly, to separate sand, oil, biomass and other debris from the water and reduce the amount of nutrients and nitrogen compounds in the treated water. More broadly, The present invention relates to the apparatus, methods and systems for treating high volumes of liquids, mixtures, suspensions and the like to separate them into constituent parts; and to process liquids, mixtures, suspensions and the like to remove solids and discharge water with less suspended solids. Relevant Background.
[0003] Modern rainwater drainage systems involve directing rainwater to sewage or storm drains where water is collected for further processing and disposal or simply discharged into larger bodies of water. In those systems, rainwater is oriented to flow from slopes and streets into the interior of storm drains through the force of gravity. During that flow, rainwater can capture debris, garbage (for example, paper, cans and cigarette butts), biomass (for example, grass, leaves, excrement and discarded food), slime, sand, stone, oil, pollutants, heavy metals and discarded medical devices and personal products (for example, used condoms and needles) and other particles. In addition, rainwater drainage systems can also collect other runoff water such as water used for irrigation. Rainwater and run-off water can flow naturally through soil or other land and capture organic matter or chemicals, such as plants, leaves, hydrocarbons, nitrates, or other compounds.
[0004] There is a lot of interest in the effective processing of rainwater. Drainage systems generally flow into natural water systems, such as oceans, lakes, rivers, streams and other similar bodies of water. It would help to protect the environment if there was a cost-effective and realistic capacity to separate pollutants and natural and artificial contaminants before drainage was directed into natural water systems and to avoid disturbing the natural ecological balance of these systems. In addition, if rainwater and other runoff can be treated effectively and recaptured as clean water, or at least as gray water, there is a potential that re-captured water can help to meet domestic water needs.
[0005] There is also considerable interest in fluid treatment for mining, agriculture and industrial use. In addition to water treatment and purification, products separated from the fluid during treatment can be valuable. For example, minerals in surface runoffs from mining or farms that contain high nutrient contents, various constituents of lubricants and the like can be separated, collected and reused or recycled. In addition, the recovery of fluid or solids in industrial and waste stream applications may be of interest.
[0006] Construction sites often collect or produce significant amounts of surface runoff from rainwater, which contain high levels of suspended solids, which need to be pumped away from the site. The riparian and rainwater drainage systems may not be able to accommodate the discharged fluid, especially the large amount of sediment that can be deposited. In order to protect the environment near these sites, government regulations require that water from the sites be processed in advance to reduce the amount of suspended solids that is discharged. Typically, the water discharged is not environmentally dangerous, but it may contain gravel, soil, sand, clay and other suspended solids that need to be removed or reduced in concentration. After removing or reducing the concentration of suspended solids, the processed water may be suitable for discharging into a nearby water system.
[0007] Groundwater and surface runoff of rainwater are typically stored in a puddle on site that can slowly evaporate or soak in the surrounding land. These puddles can overflow on the streets, in currents, through the property and in low areas causing flooding and depositing large amounts of sediment.
[0008] The process of removing suspended solids from large volumes of water stored at construction sites and construction sites is often called "water removal." The normal method of water removal involves using a water purse pouch. Water removal bags, also known as dirt bags, gravity bag filters and sediment filter bags are simply large, rectangular filter bags fed by one or more water sources that need treatment. A pump is typically used to move water from a storage puddle to feed the water removal bag.
[0009] Water flows into the bag and passes through the wall of the bag. The bag wall filters out solids of a particular size. The water leaches across the surface of the bag to the surrounding environment. In essence, water removal bags are large filters that separate suspended solids from water. The bag is filled with solids and can then be discarded.
[0010] The appropriate size of a water removal bag for a particular application is, in general, determined by the flow rate and components in the water that needs to be processed. The amount of solids in the water can affect the size of the water removal bag needed because a large sediment bale will fill a bag more quickly and clog pores in the bag material. Certain solids, such as clay, will clog the water removal pockets very quickly.
[0011] In estimating the appropriate size of the water removal bag for a particular application, a selected bag that is too big for the task wastes money and takes up valuable space on site as a bag that is too small for the task will need the use of multiple water removal bags, an appointment to monitor and replace those bags and the time, effort and cost of actually monitoring and replacing the extra bags.
[0012] In addition, variations in the flow rate and components in the site pumped water may require the acquisition of an inventory of bags to accommodate these variations. If a high flow rate is desired, a larger water removal bag (for example, 4.57 meters by 4.57 meters (fifteen feet by fifteen feet)) can be positioned, or multiple water removal bags can be positioned powered by a hose distribution tube in parallel, or a water removal "tube" that can be hundreds of meters long can be positioned. These large bags and tubes are heavy, expensive and will, due to the weight of the collected water and sediment, exert a large load on the surface. These loads can be harmful to the soil and other surfaces. The flow of water through the bag (or tube) can also cause erosion in the surrounding area in a pattern that can be difficult to predict.
[0013] Another problem with water removal bags is that they are generally designed to be used only once before being discarded. The use of a disposable water removal bag is not environmentally friendly because the bag, with or without its contents, is typically made of a synthetic material that will need to be discarded. In addition, a bag filled on the ground will require heavy machinery to move it. It may be impossible to move a bag that is partially filled without ruining it. Reusable bags have difficulty carrying the heavy bag and removing a heavy sediment load from a relatively fragile bag.
[0014] The fragility of a water removal bag also presents problems. A bag can be pierced or torn at a construction site by the surface on which it is placed or by inadvertent contact with machinery. As water pockets are filled, they can stretch to take on a different occupied space. A bag that is filled or exposed to excess water pressure can burst. At high pressures, bursting a bag could become a dangerous explosion of water and sediment.
[0015] The best methods and systems are needed to remove large amounts of fluid or to remove suspended solids.
[0016] U.S. Patent No. 7,311,818 to Gurfinkel discusses an approach to a water separation unit that has an external and internal housing for rainwater collection. Rainwater enters the internal housing where water and debris must be separated. A series of hollow tubes connect the inner housing to the outer housing to allow liquid to pass inside and collect in the outer housing and flow out of the unit through a network of discharge tubes. One problem with that approach is that the tubes can be clogged with debris. Another problem with that approach is that most of the sludge and sand is not accumulated at the pipe level in the inner housing; instead, they flow through the tubes and can be dragged into the discharge tube and out of the outer housing. Yet another problem with that approach is that the unit must be drained completely before cleaning.
[0017] Happel's US Patent No. 7,846,327, marketed as the Suntree Technologies Nutrient Separating Deflector Box, discusses an approach to a rainwater filter box that has a fixed basket to collect debris and a floatable separator for prevent floating debris that has passed through the basket from leaving the box. The separator is positioned inside the box between the inlet and outlet and rises and falls with the water level in the box. The rainwater is directed to pass through the basket to the separator where the floating debris is collected. A problem with that approach is that moving parts that can break or jam are required for the separator to move. Another problem is that the floating debris remains in contact with the wastewater, promoting the decomposition of the debris.
[0018] U.S. Patent No. 7,857,966 to Duran discusses an approach to a rainwater inlet apparatus that has outlet and inlet pipes flush with each other when wastewater flows directly through a snapper. The device includes a containment barrier with a skirt and cover affixed to an inner wall of the basin over the outlet tube. Waste water flows below the containment barrier with a skirt and cover and out through the outlet. In the process, sediments heavier than water sink to the bottom of the basin while debris lighter than water floats on top of the wastewater in the basin. A problem with that approach is that a sealed cover prevents air flow, allowing a siphon to develop and pull the wastewater level down and potentially attract floating debris, thus reducing the device's performance. In addition, the debris remains in contact with the wastewater, promoting the decomposition of the debris.
[0019] U.S. Patent No. 7,780,855 to Eberly discusses an approach to a rainwater treatment system. A treatment unit is connected to a control chamber through which the fluid flows. The fluid is diverted through a control partition to an inlet tube inside the unit for treatment and returned via an outlet tube. If the fluid flow exceeds the capacity of the inlet tube, excess fluid flows over the control partition to the control chamber outlet. A problem with the approach is that it is not well suited for a retrofit application due to the lack of significant degree between the input and output of the control chamber. Another problem with that approach is that there is no separation between different types of debris, that is, biomass, hydrocarbons, silt and sand, etc .; everything is mixed in a potentially toxic soup.
[0020] Patent Publication under U.S. No. 2 10 / 430,170 to Peters et al. Discusses a system for removing rainwater contaminants. Rainwater flows through a process chamber that comprises a series of vertical deflectors extending from the top, bottom and sides of the chamber. Rainwater flows through the chamber around the deflectors and debris is trapped along the bottom of the chamber and by filters placed in the gaps between the deflectors and the chamber. One problem with that approach is that all filtration is done in water; therefore, the debris remains in contact with the water promoting the decomposition of the debris. An additional problem with that approach is that all debris is collected at the bottom of the chamber, limiting the chamber's ability to collect debris. Another problem with that approach is that the relatively small gaps between the deflectors and the chamber can be easily clogged with debris.
[0021] There is an additional need for cost-effective and effective apparatus systems and methods for separating rainwater, operating fluids, lubricants, refrigerants, wastewater and the like to separate solids, hydrocarbons, contaminants and pollutants and recapture and recycle desired components. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0022] Consequently, the invention is directed to the apparatus, methods and systems for the treatment of rainwater and other fluids mixed with solids and liquids.
[0023] An objective of an embodiment of the invention is to provide an apparatus for the effective separation of debris, biomass, sludge, sand, hydrocarbons and nutrient components from rainwater. An additional objective includes the effective separation of biomass from collected hazardous pollutants that results in the treatment of biomass as ordinary waste rather than as hazardous waste.
[0024] Another objective of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a rainwater treatment device that is self-contained, allowing simple maintenance and installation. An additional objective is to provide a device that is compact, easily installed on a city street with an existing drainage trunk line, and easily installed in a large water table area with rainwater systems.
[0025] Yet another objective of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a rainwater treatment system that is capable of diverting water off line to avoid flooding a treatment unit in the event of overload conditions. An additional objective includes a system that will not reintroduce pollutants collected back into the rainwater drainage system. Yet another additional objective is to prevent bacteria, dead rodents and other debris deemed to be hazardous to health from returning in backwash and overflowing on roads, roads and other property.
[0026] An additional object of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a fluid treatment apparatus and system for separating lubricants, cooling fluids, industrial fluids, agricultural fluids, mining fluids and the like.
[0027] Yet another additional object of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a fluid treatment apparatus and system without moving parts.
[0028] Yet another additional objective of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a fluid treatment system that does not require any chemicals or additives of any kind.
[0029] Another objective of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a fluid treatment apparatus, methods and systems for the treatment of fluid mixed with solids.
[0030] Another objective of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a portable fluid treatment apparatus, methods and systems for the treatment of fluid mixed with solids.
[0031] Another objective of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a fluid treatment system for the effective separation of debris, biomass, sludge, sand and other solids from the discharged fluid.
[0032] Another objective of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a fluid treatment apparatus for fluid mixed with solids that is self-contained, compact and portable, allowing simple installation, removal and maintenance.
[0033] Another objective of an embodiment of the invention is to provide a suspended solids treatment system that separates suspended solids from water by gravitational sedimentation.
[0034] The additional features and advantages of the modalities of the invention will be presented in the description below and will be apparent from the description and claims in the present, as well as the attached drawings.
[0035] According to an aspect of an embodiment of the invention, a rainwater and fluid treatment unit comprises a separating vessel connected to an inlet and an outlet, a wall with an open top and bottom space within the container between the inlet and outlet, a wire mesh under the inlet, a drain pipe extending down from the outlet and a ventilation tube connected to the outlet. According to another aspect of an embodiment of the invention, the drainage tube comprises a distribution tube. In a further aspect of an embodiment of the invention, the distribution tube comprises a tube loop with an upper surface cutout at the bottom of the circuit.
[0036] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the invention, a fluid or rainwater treatment unit separates rainwater or other fluids from debris by density relative to a main liquid. Fluid enters the unit from an inlet and flows into a liquid pool, under a wall that extends into the pool and out through an outlet on a level below the inlet. The unit includes a wire mesh below the entrance to collect large debris and a ventilation pipe connected to the outlet to avoid a vacuum condition at the outlet.
[0037] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the invention, a fluid and rainwater treatment system comprises two drainage flow chambers coupled by means of a drainage trunk line, a fluid treatment unit coupled to the two drain flow chambers through an inlet and an outlet pipe, respectively and a deflector in the inlet drain flow chamber that does not extend above the top of the inlet pipe.
[0038] In accordance with an aspect of a modality of the invention, a rainwater and fluid treatment system bypasses the rainwater or other fluids off-line to a trunk line fluid or rainwater treatment unit drainage. A fluid treatment unit is coupled to two drainage flow chambers along the drainage trunk line via an inlet and an outlet, respectively. The inlet drainage flow chamber comprises a deflector that deflects a flow of fluid in the trunk line into the unit. If the unit reaches its capacity, the deflector allows the excess to flow through the existing trunk line.
[0039] In accordance with an additional aspect of an embodiment of the invention, a rainwater treatment system includes a first and a second flow chambers connected by a connecting drainage trunk line, an inlet drainage trunk line coupled to the first chamber, an outgoing drain trunk line coupled to the second chamber; a rainwater treatment unit coupled to the first chamber by means of an inlet tube and the second chamber by means of an outlet tube, the first chamber comprising a deflector having a height no greater than the top of the tube first chamber. The rainwater treatment system may additionally comprise an anti-reflux valve; the incoming drainage trunk line, the connecting drainage trunk line and the exit drainage trunk line can have the same step; and the inlet drainage trunk line, the connection drainage trunk line and the outlet drainage trunk line can be collinear.
[0040] In accordance with another aspect of an embodiment of the invention an existing retrofit method for an existing fluid stem or rainwater trunk line includes the steps of replacing a first section of the trunk line with a first chamber, replacement of a second section of the trunk line with a second chamber downstream and separate from the first chamber; and installing a fluid treatment unit coupled to the first chamber by means of an inlet tube and to the second chamber by means of an outlet tube; wherein the first chamber includes a deflector having a height no greater than a top of the inlet tube in the first chamber. An anti-reflux valve can also be installed on the outlet pipe or the second chamber. The fluid treatment unit can be a fluid treatment unit according to an embodiment of the invention, a rainwater treatment unit according to an embodiment of the invention or another fluid or rainwater treatment unit.
[0041] According to another additional aspect of an embodiment of the invention, a portable fluid treatment apparatus for treating an inlet fluid includes a container connected to an inlet tube and an outlet tube in which the outlet tube is in a lower position in the container in relation to the inlet tube; a wall within the container between the inlet tube and the outlet tube; wherein the wall defines a top space between a top of the wall and a top of the container; wherein the wall defines a bottom space between a bottom of the wall and the inner bottom surface of the container; wherein the wall defines a first inner section of the container on an inlet side of the container; and wherein the wall defines a second inner section of the container on an outlet side of the container; a collector in the first internal section at a level below the inlet pipe; a drain pipe that extends downwardly into the container from the outlet pipe; and a vent tube that extends upwards from the outlet tube.
[0042] In accordance with yet another aspect of an embodiment of the invention, a portable fluid treatment apparatus for treating an inlet fluid containing suspended solids includes a tank that has a front, a back, a right side, a left side, a bottom and a removable top; wherein the tank includes a plurality of sedimentation units; wherein each sedimentation unit includes a container connected to an inlet tube and an outlet tube where the outlet tube is in a lower position in the container relative to the inlet tube; a wall within the container between the inlet tube and the outlet tube; wherein the wall defines a top space between a top of the wall and a top of the container; wherein the wall defines a bottom space between a bottom of the wall and an inner bottom surface of the container; wherein the wall defines a first inner section of the container on an inlet side of the container; and wherein the wall defines a second inner section of the container on an outlet side of the container; a collector in the first internal section at a lower level in relation to the inlet pipe; a drain pipe that extends downwardly into the container from the outlet pipe; and a vent tube that extends upwards from the outlet tube.
[0043] According to an additional embodiment of the invention, a method of treating incoming water mixed with solids includes the steps of directing the incoming water to an inlet of a treatment unit,
[0044] in which it deflects the incoming water to spread through a horizontal collector, and collects the solids in the horizontal collector, in which it blocks the horizontal flow of the incoming water with an internal wall inside the treatment unit at a level of the inlet, with the inlet water flowing below the internal wall and upwards into an outlet tube below the inlet level and the inlet water flowing into an inlet of a second treatment unit.
[0045] It should be understood that although the invention has been described in conjunction with its detailed description, the descriptions contained in this document are intended to illustrate and not to limit the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION
[0046] Figure 1 comprises a set of diagrams of a rainwater treatment unit according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 1A shows a top view of the unit. Figure 1B shows a front view of the unit. Figure 1C shows a side view of the unit.
[0047] Figure 2 comprises a set of diagrams of a rainwater treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 2A shows a top view of the system. Figure 2B shows a side view of the system.
[0048] Figure 3 is a diagram of an inlet drainage flow chamber for a rainwater treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0049] Figure 4 is a diagram of a rainwater treatment system according to another embodiment of the invention.
[0050] Figure 5 is a diagram of a fluid treatment unit according to another embodiment of the invention.
[0051] Figure 6 is a diagram of a fluid treatment unit with an alternative distribution tube according to another embodiment of the invention.
[0052] Figure 7 is a diagram of an alternative distribution tube for a fluid treatment unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0053] Figure 8 is a diagram of an external side view of a fluid treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0054] Figure 9 is a diagram of a partial top view of a fluid treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0055] Figure 10 is a diagram of a cross-sectional view of a fluid treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0056] Figure 11 is a diagram of a top view of a cover for the top of a fluid treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0057] Figure 12 is a diagram of a cross-sectional view parallel to the front wall of a fluid treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0058] Figure 13 is a diagram of an external view of a rear wall of a fluid treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0059] Figure 14 is a diagram of a protection against speed reduction according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0060] Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view between the debris wall and the rear wall of a fluid treatment unit according to an embodiment of the invention
[0061] Figure 16A is a diagram of an efflux tube between the fluid treatment units according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0062] Figure 16B is a diagram of a dam screen in an efflux tube according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0063] Figure 17A is a diagram of an upper collector according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0064] Figure 17B is a diagram of a cross-sectional view of an upper collector according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0065] Figure 17C is a diagram of a perspective view of an upper collector according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0066] Figure 18A is a diagram of an intermediate collector according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0067] Figure 18B is a diagram of a cross-sectional view of an intermediate collector according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0068] Figure 18C is a diagram of a perspective view of an intermediate collector according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0069] Figure 19A is a diagram of a lower collector according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0070] Figure 19B is a diagram of a cross-sectional view of a lower collector according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0071] Figure 19C is a diagram of a perspective view of a lower collector according to an embodiment of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERENTIAL MODALITIES
[0072] The modalities of the present invention are hereinafter described in detail with reference to the accompanying figures and are provided for purposes of illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Descriptions of well-known constructions and functions are omitted for clarity and conciseness. The figures are intended to illustrate features of exemplary modalities of the invention and are not to scale.
[0073] Figure 1 illustrates a rainwater treatment unit according to an embodiment of the invention. Figures 1A, 1B and 1C show the respective top, front and side views of the unit.
[0074] A rainwater treatment unit 100 is housed in the containment vault 101. Preferably, the vault size is 1.83 m (6 ') long x 2.13 m (7') wide x 2 , 56 m (8'4 ") high and the vault is made of liquid impermeable concrete with walls that are 15.24 cm (6") thick. The dimensions of the dome can be adjusted depending on the application and can be made of other suitable materials such as metal or plastic. The interior of the dome defines a chamber 150.
[0075] The containment vault 101 has three openings that connect to chamber 150: entrance 110, exit 120 and access opening 105. Entrance 110 is placed on one side of chamber 150 and is preferably 30.48 cm (12 ") in diameter and is fitted with a tube of similar size 111. The outlet 120 is placed on the opposite side of the chamber 150 and is preferably 30.48 cm (12") in diameter and is also fitted with a tube of similar size 121. The access opening 105, preferably in the form of a manhole, is preferably located at the top of the vault 101 and is fitted with a cover. Preferably, the materials for the tubes can be PVC, metal, or other types of materials suitable for use with the anticipated fluids and contaminants. Inlet 110, outlet 120 and tubes 111 and 121 can be of other sizes suitable to accommodate different volumes of fluid and flow rates.
[0076] In a preferred embodiment, inlet 110 is positioned about twelve centimeters (five inches) higher than outlet 120. Inlet 110 and outlet 120 are therefore very similar in height, allowing for a shallow installation of unit in areas with a large water table that cannot support a large difference in height between inlet 110 and outlet 120.
[0077] The outlet tube 121 extends through outlet 120 and folds down towards the bottom of chamber 150 at vault 101. Inlet 122 of tube 121 faces down towards the bottom of chamber 150. The outlet 121 is separated from chamber 150 by wall 140. Wall 140 preferably extends from above outlet 120 to an intermediate position between outlet 120 and the bottom of chamber 150 allowing liquid in chamber 150 to flow to the tube 121. The height of the inlet 122 is at or above the lower end of the wall 140. Optionally, the portions of the outlet tube 121 below the outlet 120 can be drilled to further spread the liquid extraction by allowing the liquid to enter through the sides of the tube 121.
[0078] If outlet 123 of tube 121 extends below water level 160 (as is normally expected to allow flow through tube 121), the flow of water in tube 121 could create a siphon that would draw the level down of water 160 in chamber 150 for the height of the inlet 122 of the outlet tube 12. The vent tube 130 connects to and extends upwards from the outlet tube 121. The vent tube 130 allows air to flow inside tube 121 to prevent the creation of a siphon during high volume flows. Alternatively, tube 121 could be drilled below water level 160 to allow air flow if water level 160 falls below the bottom of outlet 120 and reduces or avoids a siphon effect.
[0079] A space exists between the top of the wall 140 and the top of the chamber 150 to allow air flow close to the ventilation tube 130 and to avoid the siphon effect. Wall 140 additionally serves as a physical barrier to protect tube 121 from inlet water pressure and debris flowing from inlet tube 111. Wall 140 is preferably made of stainless steel, plastic, or other material suitable for use with anticipated fluids and contaminants.
[0080] The wire mesh 171 is located below the inlet pipe 111 and is preferably above the lowest part of outlet 120. Due to the equalization of pressures, water level 160 should normally be at the level of the lowest part of the outlet 120 as a higher water level should cause a flow out of outlet pipe 121. Wire mesh 171 is preferably located above water line 160 and separates large debris from the incoming rainwater stream. Metal mesh 171 is preferably a metal grid or wire mesh with holes of suitable sizes to collect debris from the inlet fluid on top of the wire mesh while allowing smaller debris, particles and fluids to flow through. The wire mesh 171 collects leaves and other large masses of biomass above the water level and prevents the collected debris from sinking into the liquid in chamber 150 or floating in the water level 160. Keeping the biomass in the wire mesh 171 out of the grouping of water, the decomposition process for that biomass is slowed down and the leaching of ammonium nitrate, other nitrates and other components of organic matter is reduced. Keeping garbage and other large debris on the wire mesh 171 outside the pool of water, the leaching of chemicals, contaminants and pollutants into the water is reduced.
[0081] In the preferred mode of operation of the rainwater treatment unit 100, the inlet water flows into the chamber 150 from the inlet tube 111 from the side, flows into the water pool in the chamber 150 and flows out of chamber 150 through outlet tube 121. Preferably, chamber 150 is pre-filled with water to a level above inlet 122. Inlet water, which could be rainwater, runoff, or other sources, contain different degrees of debris, biomass and other solid, semi-solid and particulate materials. These materials include elements heavier than water such as sand and metals and elements lighter than water such as plastics, grease, oil and other hydrocarbons. A rainwater treatment unit 100 works by separating elements in the water contaminated by density. As the incoming water flows through the wire mesh 171, the heavier elements settle as sediment at the bottom of the chamber 150; the lighter elements float on top of the water line 160 as floating debris 165.
[0082] If oil, or another petroleum product, is introduced into the unit as part of floating debris 165, the oil acts as a cover that reduces, if not eliminate, the flow of air (for example, oxygen) in the fluid collected in the unit and therefore slows the growth of bacteria, algae and the like in the collected fluid. The reduction in this growth of microorganisms extends the unit's maintenance cycle and reduces a health hazard for maintenance workers and the environment.
[0083] Due to the height of the lower end of the wall 140, the liquid from the middle section of the chamber 150 is drawn into the entrance 122. Due to the separation process, the liquid drawn into the entrance 122 contains less of the more lighter and heavier elements than the original rainwater. Preferably, wall 140 is positioned high enough to prevent tube 121 from extracting sediment (not shown) from the bottom of chamber 150.
[0084] In maintenance, the rainwater treatment unit 100 is cleaned periodically depending on the capacity of the unit, the volume of rainwater processed and the levels of contamination. Dried leaves, other biomass and waste can be collected from wire mesh 171. Floating debris 165, such as oil and grease, can be separated from the surface of water level 160. The collected sediment can be aspirated or otherwise removed from the bottom of chamber 150. Optionally, a vacuum can be used to collect other portions of the liquid in chamber 150. As such, the open and unit 100 design keeps the unit accessible for easy maintenance and cleaning.
[0085] Referring to Figure 1A, in an embodiment of the invention, the outlet tube 121 is preferably a distribution tube comprising two or more tubes extending downwards inside the chamber 150. The tubes of the distribution tubes can be placed so that they accept a diffuse extraction from different locations of chamber 150. This arrangement helps to reduce sediments collected at the bottom of chamber 150 from extraction into tube 121 and to match the sediment pattern collected when compared to the use of a single centrally located outlet tube inlet. In another embodiment of the invention, a single centrally located inlet outlet pipe is used.
[0086] In another embodiment of the invention, a deflector (not shown) is located below the inlet pipe 111 and above the wire mesh 171. The incoming rainwater spills over the deflector and is spread. The deflector helps to slow the incoming water coming out of the tube 111 and prevents the incoming water from diving deeply which would propel the materials through the wire mesh 171 and cause great turbulence that would disturb the sediment settlement at the bottom of the chamber 150. In another embodiment of the invention, the deflector may be a sprinkler plate that diverts the flow of water and spreads the water over the entire length and width of the chamber. Various other water deflection configurations attached to the inlet pipe 111 or positioned in the inlet water stream will be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
[0087] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, collectors 172 and 173 are located below the wire mesh 171. Collectors 172 and 173 are preferably made of stainless steel and shaped with grooves to present a serrated cross-section to slow down speed of the incoming water inside the chamber 150 and help collect sediment. Collectors 172 and 173 increase surface area contact with incoming water and can be angled, textured, coated, magnetized or use other cross-sectional shapes to collect certain materials. In a preferred embodiment, collector 172 grooves are ten centimeters (four inches) deep and collector 173 grooves are thirty centimeters (twelve inches) deep. Alternatively, collectors 172 and 173 may include a projection pattern that induces turbulence to collect certain materials as used in mining operations. Collectors 172 and 173 could also be magnetized to collect certain metals. In an additional embodiment of the invention (not shown), the collectors 173 are placed above the waterline 160. In another additional embodiment of the invention, multiple levels of collectors 172 and 173 are used to drain the incoming water. The height of the collectors 172 and 173 can be adjustable.
[0088] Optionally, collector 155 is located at the bottom of chamber 150 and collects sediment in a similar way to that of collectors 172 and 173. Collector 155 is also preferably made of stainless steel and shaped with grooves to create a cross section serrated. The collector 155 has increased surface area contact with the flowing fluid and can be angled, textured, coated, magnetized, or uses other cross-sectional shapes to collect fluid materials. Collector grooves 155 are preferably five centimeters (two inches) deep.
[0089] Also optionally, the load blocks 158 are placed in the bottom corners of the chamber 150. The load blocks 158 conform the bottom of the chamber 150 to help reduce turbulence in the water flow and further assist in the collection efficiency of the sediments and increase the distance between the sediment collected at the bottom of chamber 150 and inlet 122.
[0090] In a further embodiment of the invention, the position or dimensions of the wall 140 are adjustable to adjust the flow of water to the inlet 122 and to adjust the effectiveness of the treatment process or to extract water of different levels within the chamber 150 - that is, , closer to water level 160 versus closer to the bottom of chamber 150. In another embodiment of the invention, wall 140 is perforated to allow selective extraction of different levels within chamber 150. In yet another embodiment of the invention (not shown) ), inlet 122 and vent tube 130 are omitted, leaving outlet tube 121 flush with outlet opening 120 to draw fluid from chamber 150 through the perforated wall. Different levels of fluid in chamber 150 can be extracted depending on the placement of perforations in the wall.
[0091] Figure 2 illustrates a rainwater treatment system according to another embodiment of the invention. Figure 2A shows a top view and Figure 2B shows a side view of the system.
[0092] A rainwater treatment system 200 can be built to modify an existing drainage trunk line with trunk line entrance 201 and trunk line exit 202. In an exemplary embodiment, drainage flow chambers 280 and 290 and the rainwater treatment unit 270 are added to the existing trunk line. The side view of the system shown in Figure 2B does not show an existing trunk line for the simplified illustration. The 200 system has the advantage of operating outside the trunk line that works in parallel with the existing drainage trunk line.
[0093] The chamber 280 includes the deflector 281 which comprises a little angled wall to divert the flow from the inlet 201 to the connection tube 271. The connection tube 271 connects the chamber 280 with the treatment unit 270. The connection tube 272 connects treatment unit 270 with chamber 290. A conventional anti-reflux valve 291 is preferably provided at or near the junction of tube 272 and chamber 290. Treatment unit 270 may be of a conventional design or a project according to the present invention (as shown).
[0094] In the operation of system 200, the incoming water from the incoming trunk line 201 is diverted through the deflector 281 into the tube 271 and into the rainwater treatment unit 270. The water is treated in the unit 270 and returns to chamber 290 via tube 272. Treated water flows from chamber 290 into trunk line outlet 202. Check valve 291 reduces or prevents the return of outlet water to the treatment unit rainwater 270 through outlet pipe 272.
[0095] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, chambers 280 and 290 are aligned with collectors 282 and 292, respectively, at the bottom of the chambers. Collectors 282 and 292, similar to collectors 172, 173, and 155 in Figure 1, are preferably produced from stainless steel and shaped with grooves to present a serrated cross-section to collect sediment. Collectors 282 and 292 are preferably aligned with the serrated cross section perpendicular to the water flow, for example, collinating to tube 271 for collector 282 and tube 202 for collector 290, to maximize sediment collection. Collectors 282 and 292 can also be textured, coated or magnetized or can use other cross-sectional shapes to collect certain materials. Collector grooves 282 and 292 are preferably 5.08 cm (two inches) deep.
[0096] Figure 3 illustrates an inlet drainage flow chamber for a rainwater treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0097] The drain flow chamber 380 is connected to the inlet 301 from an existing drainage trunk line, the outlet 303 to an existing drainage pipe and the pipe 371 to a 370 rainwater treatment unit. baffle 381 in chamber 380 deflects the common inlet water flow from inlet 301 to tube 371 for water treatment. An inlet water overflow goes through the baffle 381 to the outlet 303. The baffle 381 is preferably made of concrete or concrete blocks with a thickness of 15.24 cm (6 inches), however, it can be made of other materials other dimensions. In a preferred embodiment, the deflector 381 extends to a height of no more than the top of the tube 371 and the collector 381 is positioned at the bottom of the chamber 380.
[0098] In operation, as the inlet water enters the drain flow chamber 380 from inlet 301, water is blocked from outlet 303 by deflector 381 and is diverted to tube 371 inside a water treatment unit rainwater 370 for treatment. If an overload condition begins to form in the rainwater treatment unit 370, causing the water level in pipe 371 to rise to the top of the pipe, the water level in chamber 380 increases to the top of deflector 381 and excess inlet water flows over the top of baffle 381 into outlet 303 of the drain stem line. Effectively, a chamber 380 with baffle 381 acts as an overload prevention system for the 370 unit. Preventing overload on the 370 rainwater treatment unit is an important aspect of the system due to the fact that a rain condition overload can cause debris, sediment, contaminants, pollutants and the like collected by the unit to be flushed out of the unit and back into the drainage system, reducing or totally neutralizing the unit's performance. Alternatively, in cases where an unexpected volume of rainwater flows through inlet 301, exceeding the capacity of tube 371, the water level in chamber 380 will increase and the excess flow will pass through deflector 381 to the outlet 303.
[0099] Figure 4 illustrates a rainwater treatment system, according to another embodiment of the invention. Preferably, the system is used for a strong rainwater flow. Additional units can be added as needed.
[00100] The rainwater treatment system 400 comprises two off-line rainwater treatment units 470A and 470B arranged in a parallel configuration. The 480A flow drain chambers are connected to the trunk line inlet pipe 401 and, through the 403 tube, to the 480B chamber. Chamber 480B is connected via tube 404 to chamber 490. Chamber 490 is connected to trunk line outlet pipe 402 of the existing drain trunk.
[00101] Flow drainage chambers 480A and 480B, with collectors 482A and 482B positioned at the bottom of the chambers, respectively, divert water flow through baffles 481 A and 481B, respectively, for tubes 471A and 471B, respectively. Tubes 471A and 471B connect to the inlets of rainwater treatment units 470A and 470B, respectively. The outputs of units 470A and 470B are connected to output tube 472.
[00102] In operation, the inlet water from the inlet 401 is diverted through the baffle 481A to the tube 471A for the water treatment unit 470A. if an overload condition occurs in chamber 480A, excess inlet water overloads baffle 481A to tube 403 and enters flow chamber 480B. The baffle 481B diverts the incoming water to the water treatment unit 470B. If an overload condition occurs in chamber 480B, excess inlet water overloads baffle 481B to tube 404.
[00103] The treated water flows out of the units 470A and 470B, into the tube 472, through the anti-reflux valve 491 and into the chamber 490, includes the collector 492 at the bottom of the chamber 490. In an exemplary embodiment of invention, tube 472 is 45.72 cm (18 inches) in diameter. Check valve 491 is a conventional check valve to reduce or prevent water from flowing from chamber 490 into tube 472. Optionally, the outlets of units 470A and 470B can also be equipped with check valves.
[00104] Although the 400 system contains only two rainwater treatment units arranged in parallel, more units can be added and arranged in the 470B unit configuration.
[00105] The rainwater treatment unit and system has an advantageous application in other uses besides rainwater treatment. Filter runoff from mining operations, process fluids used in oil well fracturing operations, recycle cooling fluids for cutting blades, process contaminated lubricants containing metal burrs and similar applications can be deployed with the units and systems treatment according to the present invention.
[00106] Figure 5 illustrates a front view of a fluid treatment unit 500, according to an embodiment of the invention.
[00107] The fluid treatment unit 500 comprises chamber 550, with openings for inlet 511 and outlet 521. Inlet 511 and outlet 521 are separated by wall 540 which extends only partially between the top and bottom of the chamber 550. Inlet fluid from inlet 511 is pre-separated by wire mesh 571 for larger debris. Vent tube 530 is located at the top of outlet 521 to facilitate the release of any pressure differential at outlet 521. In operation, the fluid flowing through unit 500 is separated by density. The lighter components 565 float on top of the main fluid reservoir in chamber 550. The heavier components 555 settle and collect at the bottom of chamber 550. Once fluid level 560 in chamber 550 reaches the lower level of tube 521 , the processed fluid flows out of tube 521.
[00108] Figure 6 illustrates a side view of a fluid treatment unit 600 with an alternative outlet manifold 621, according to another embodiment of the invention. Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the alternative outlet manifold 621, according to an embodiment of the invention.
[00109] The fluid treatment unit 600 comprises a chamber defined by wall 601, a deposit area 655 for collecting debris at the bottom of the chamber and access opening 605 at the top of the chamber. Inlet tube 611 is located on one side of the chamber and outlet manifold 621 with outlet tube 623 is located on the other side of the chamber. Inlet tube 611 and outlet tube 623 are separated by a wall 640 in the chamber which has a wall top 641 and a wall bottom 642.
[00110] There is a space between the wall top 641 and the top of the chamber to allow air flow between the chamber and ventilation tubes 630. There is another space between the wall bottom 642 and the bottom of the chamber to allow the fluid flows from the inlet tube 611 to the outlet manifold 621. The outlet manifold 621 comprises a tube loop 622 and vent tubes 630 and is connected to the outlet tube 623. The tube loop 622 has a cut out 625 on the top surface of a bottom portion of the loop.
[00111] In a preferred mode of operation, fluid flows into the chamber of the inlet tube 611 within a pool of fluid in the chamber normally at a level that reaches the bottom surface of the outlet tube 623. The fluid in the cluster it flows below the wall bottom 642 and enters outlet manifold 621 through cutout 625, which is positioned lower than outlet manifold 623. The fluid that entered outlet manifold 621 through the cutout 625 it appears in the tube loop 622 as the fluid level in the chamber increases, until it reaches the bottom surface level of the outlet tube 623 and flows out through the outlet tube 623. Only the fluid that entering the outlet manifold 621 through cutout 625 you can access outlet tube 623. Outlet tube 623 is positioned lower than inlet tube 611 so that fluid can flow due to the gravity of the outlet tube input 611, through the camera , into the outlet manifold 621, through the cutout 625, and out through the outlet tube 623.
[00112] Particles trapped in the fluid flow under the wall bottom 642, or displaced upwards from the deposit area 655, if any, can impact the bottom surface of the bottom portion of the pipe loop 622. Such impact it can prevent, or at least slow down, the flow of such particles into the cutout 625.
[00113] Differences in air pressure between the chamber and the pipe loop 622 are equalized due to the flow of air over the wall top 641 and into the ventilation tubes 630 or from the ventilation tubes 630 through the 641 wall top for the chamber.
[00114] In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, a method of retrofitting an existing rainwater trunk line is presented. First, two separate sections of a trunk line are replaced by two chambers, the second chamber being separate and downstream from the first chamber. Then, a rainwater treatment unit, as shown in the present invention or known in the art, is connected to the two chambers installed by means of an inlet tube connected to the first chamber and an outlet tube connected to the second chamber. A deflector is installed in the first chamber with a height that exceeds the top of the inlet tube in the first chamber to direct the flow into the inlet tube. In another embodiment of the invention, an anti-reflux valve is installed between the outlet pipe and the second chamber.
[00115] A portable water treatment system (PWT) 660, according to an embodiment of the invention, appears to benefit from a combination of principles regarding the interaction of particles and liquids in water. The first principle refers to the density of water versus the density of contaminating particles and contaminating liquids. Particles and liquids that have a higher density than water will tend to sink and particles and liquids that have a lower density will tend to float. The second principle is that particles tend to settle faster in standing water than in turbulent or rapidly moving water. The third principle is that more particles will tend to settle out of the solution the longer the time available for settling. The fourth principle is that particles tend to settle more when they impact a solid surface. The PWT 660 system shown is preferably configured to maximize the amount of suspended solids, debris and oil products that can be removed from the water before the water is discharged into a riparian system, another body of water, or a system rainwater drainage.
[00116] In Figures 8 and 13, a PWT 660 system is shown in a trailer 670 suitable for towing by a truck, tractor or other suitable vehicle (for example, a bulldozer). Due to the size of the trailer and the weight of the water during the operation of the PWT system, the trailer has 680 stabilizers or levelers on each corner of the trailer to reduce the weight on the trailer's tires and axles and to level (or intentionally angle) the surface top of the trailer and the PWT system. Inlet ports 830, outlet ports 960 and drain ports 685 are also shown. Alternatively, the 660 system can be built on or as part of a pickup truck, a truck, a trailer, a tractor-trailer truck or other suitable motor vehicle. The PWT 660 system is preferably constructed from metal, such as stainless steel and brass, and alternatively it can be constructed from concrete, plastic, fiberglass, wood or any other rigid material suitable for the purpose or combinations of any of these materials.
[00117] One or more 685 drain ports are connected to one or more sedimentation units inside the 660 system to allow the units to drain. The front of the PWT 660 system has four drain ports 685 while the rear has two drain ports 685 (only one is shown).
[00118] In Figure 9, a preferred embodiment of a PWT 660 system is shown in a straight configuration with a front wall 690, rear wall 700, left wall 710, right wall 720 and bottom 730 joined together so that they are impermeable to water. The front wall 690, the rear wall 700, the left wall 710, the right wall 720 and the bottom 730 can be flat, rounded or textured. Alternatively, the 660 system can be configured as a cylinder, a spherical shape, an irregular or similar hexahedron or as a variation between such shapes. The interior of the PWT 660 system is preferably configured as a plurality of separate sedimentation units that are similarly constructed. Alternatively, sedimentation units can be of different shapes and sizes and not symmetrical.
[00119] As shown in Figure 10, the PWT 660 system has a center divider 740 to form two rows of three connected sedimentation units. In each row, two divisions 750 and 760 parallel to the front wall 690 and the rear wall 700 separate the three sedimentation units. Those parallel divisions form the respective front or rear walls of neighboring sedimentation units. The PWT system shown includes six sedimentation units 770, 780, 790, 800, 810 and 820. Each row of sedimentation units preferably operates independently of the other rows of sedimentation units.
[00120] The stabilizers / levelers 680 (not shown in Figure 9) are used to level the PWT 660 system for maximum functionality to allow fluid to flow through the system. The fluid flows into the first set of sedimentation units 770 and 780 through respective inlets 830. The fluid flows under the debris wall 840 to the outlet tubes 930 and through the second set of sedimentation units 790 and 800 , respectively. The fluid flows under the debris wall 841 to the outlet tubes 950 and through the third set of sedimentation units 810 and 820, respectively. Fluid flows under the debris wall 842 to outlets 960 for system discharge. Debris walls 840 and 841 prevent floating debris from reaching the next respective sedimentation units. Debris wall 842 prevents floating debris from reaching outlet 960.
[00121] The PWT 660 system is shown with six sedimentation units arranged in two rows of three sedimentation units each for illustrative and simplification purposes when describing aspects of the invention. However, a PWT system is not limited to such a provision. One or more rows of one or more sedimentation units can be used depending on the requirements of the specific task.
[00122] For example, if the task involves treating a large volume of water with a very low suspended solids load, then the PWT system could include many rows of units with multiple units per series. This arrangement will allow several water pumps to be used at the same time while the pumping distance and time to remove suspended solids remains, in most cases, the same.
[00123] As another example, if the task involves treating a water source with a heavy suspended solid load of flocculating solids, the number of units in a row can be increased so that the fluid spends more time in the system to allow for the solids to settle. Alternatively, the PWT system can incorporate a large number of sedimentation units and multiple rows of units can be joined in series. For example, a series of platform trailers or tractor-trailer trucks that transport multiple sedimentation units could be connected. The PWT system is easily scaled to larger sizes. The size of each unit, the number of units in a row and the number of rows of units are not limited and can be in any amount needed for a particular task.

[00124] The right row of sedimentation units shown in Figure 9 will be described to illustrate the water treatment in conjunction with Figure 10. The left row is structured and functions in a corresponding manner. In an alternative embodiment, the left and right rows include sedimentation units of different sizes, in different numbers or configured differently.
[00125] Figure 10 shows three sedimentation units 770, 790 and 810 of similar construction. Each sedimentation unit includes two sections separated by a respective debris wall 840, 841 and 842. The first section contains horizontal collectors 890, 910 and 920 and comprises the main length of the sedimentation unit. The second section is shorter in length and contains no collectors. The debris walls 840, 841 and 842 function as partial barriers to divide the sedimentation units into two sections in fluid communication. Exemplary fluid levels are shown in units 770, 790 and 810 to aid in understanding the invention.
[00126] The horizontal collectors 890, 910 and 920 can have any shape, size or surface configuration. Collector surfaces can be flat, wavy, serrated or similar. In cross section, the collector can approach a sine wave, square wave or triangular wave, or be angled to one side, oblique towards the water flow, or form an open box with depth or similar. The plurality of collectors can be arranged in a stepped pyramid, with the uppermost collector having the smallest width or length dimensions of the collectors in the sedimentation unit, in which each successive collector increases in width or length until the collector the deepest has the largest dimensions of width or length. Alternatively, the collectors in a sedimentation unit can be arranged in an "X" arrangement or zigzag configuration, with each collector overlapping the collector below it so that there is no direct vertical path for the flow of water from the water surface to the bottom of the unit.
[00127] The debris walls 840, 841 and 842 are preferably connected to the left and right sides of the respective sedimentation unit in which each one is contained. The top edges of walls 840, 841 and 842 are higher than the water outlet for their respective units, so the water surface in the sedimentation unit is below the top edge, and higher than the top top surface of the upper 890 collector. Large particles or other floating materials are prevented by these walls from passing to the outlet of the unit. The floating material will accumulate against the wall and remain in the first section of the unit. The top edges of the walls 840, 841 and 842 are shown in Figure 10 at different distances from the tops of the respective sedimentation units. Alternatively, those upper edges may be at the same distance from the tops of the respective sedimentation units or other different distances.
[00128] The bottom edges of the walls 840, 841 and 842 extend towards, but remain above, the bottom of the respective sedimentation unit to allow the water flow from the first section to the respective second section passing below bottom edge. The bottom edge of each wall is preferably at the same distance from the bottom 730. Alternatively, the bottom edges of the respective walls may be at different distances from the bottom 730.
[00129] In sedimentation units 770 and 790, a circular tube arrangement 621 (shown in Figure 7) is suspended in the water collected in the second section of the respective unit. The top of the circular tube includes two vertical tubes 630 that extend above the water surface and are open to the air. This prevents the creation of a siphon effect inside the 621 circular tube arrangement that removes water (and sediment) from any unit. At the bottom of the circular tube arrangement 621 is a cutout 625 to allow water to enter. The water from this cutout 625 rises to either side of the circular tube arrangement 621 to enter the next sedimentation unit through the discharge tube 623.
[00130] As shown in Figure 10, for sedimentation unit 770, discharge tube 623 from tube arrangement 621 is connected to outlet tube 930. For sedimentation unit 790, discharge tube 623 is connected to the outlet tube 950. For the sedimentation unit 810, shelves 940 extend between the barrier and the rear wall to interrupt the flow of water. The shelves define a winding path for outlet 960 in order to promote the settling of suspended solids, as shown in Figure 15. Alternatively, shelves 940 could be replaced by a circular tube arrangement 621, as in units 770 and 790 , or the arrangement of pipes 621 in units 770 and / or 790 could be replaced by shelves 940. As additional alternatives, a combination of circular pipe arrangements, tubes that extend downwards with vents and / or shelves could be implanted in the second section of one or more of units 770, 790 and 810.
[00131] As shown in Figure 10, it is preferable for the collectors, debris wall and outlet pipe that each unit is inferior to its predecessor unit to allow the flow of natural water through the system due to gravity and equalization. water level on both sides of the debris wall in the unit.
[00132] In general, the incoming water flows through the inlet 830, through the unit 770, around the collectors 890, 910 and 920 and below the wall 840 for the outlet tube arrangement and through the outlet tube 930 to unit 790. Correspondingly, water inlet from unit 770 flows through unit 790 to unit 810. Water inlet from unit 810 flows through outlet 950, through unit 810, around collectors 890, 910 and 920 and below the wall 840, around the shelves 940 and through outlet 960. The inlet and outlet tubes are sized as appropriate for the expected volume and fluid flow rate.
[00133] More specifically, the untreated water enters the PWT 660 system through inlet 830 at the front of the first sedimentation unit 770. Upon entering the sedimentation unit 770, the untreated water preferably achieves protection deflector 850, causing the water flow to spread and slow down. The deflector 850 protection is preferably produced from metal and configured to divert water flow through a large part of the upper collector 890. Optionally, the deflector 850 protection is omitted.
[00134] After the incoming water has reached the upper collector 890, its speed decreases and its direction is changed. The water flows downwardly from the upper collector 890 to the intermediate collectors 910 and then to the lower collector 920. When the sedimentation unit is filled with fluid to the level of the outlet tube 930, the untreated water from Inlet flows into the collection of collected water and around the plurality of collectors along much of the same trajectory. Preferably, the sediment from the incoming water accumulates in each of the collectors 890, 910 and 920 and at the bottom 730 of the 770 unit. Water with less sediment than the incoming water passes below the wall 840 for the pipe arrangement circulate and leave the unit via outlet 930.
[00135] The water flow entering the 790 unit follows the same trajectory, as described for the 790 unit.
[00136] In the 810 unit, the water flow is slightly different. The water passing through outlet 950 preferably reaches the deflector 850 protection, causing the water flow to spread and slow down. Optionally, deflector protection 850 is omitted.
[00137] After the incoming water has reached the upper collector 890, its speed decreases and its direction is changed. Water flows downwardly from the upper collector 890 to the intermediate collectors 910 and then to the lower collector 920. When the sedimentation unit is filled with fluid to the level of the outlet pipe 960, the untreated water from Inlet flows into the collection of collected water and around the plurality of collectors along much of the same trajectory. Preferably, the sediment from the incoming water accumulates in each of the collectors 890, 910 and 920 and at the bottom 730 of the 810 unit. Water with less sediment than the incoming water passes under the wall 842, around a or more 940 shelves and leaves the unit via outlet 960.
[00138] After the water has passed through the three sedimentation units, it exits through outlet 960. The water in outlet 960 contains less solids than the original inlet water and may be suitable for discharge into a water system. rain drainage, riparian system or other body of water. The suspended solids treatment system can have many different configurations depending on the amount of water to be treated, the amount of sediment in the water and the quality of water required at the end of the treatment.
[00139] As shown in Figure 11, the PWT 660 system preferably includes removable covers 970, 971 and 972. Each cover includes handles or lifting points 973. Covers 970, 971 and 972 are sized to cover pairs of units 770 and 780, 790 and 800 and 810 and 820, respectively. The covers reduce the potential for airborne contamination to enter the system and allow access for cleaning the units. In addition, the covers add structural support to the 660 system during transport.
[00140] In Figure 12, a cross-sectional view of units 770 and 780 is shown without protections against speed reduction 850. The untreated water firstly reaches the upper collector 890 which collects high density solids that fall immediately of the solution. Preferably, the upper collector 890, the intermediate collectors 910 and the lower collector 920 each have an undulating surface 900 to capture the sediment and produce a dead zone of water movement to assist in the sedimentation of suspended solids in the incoming water. . Suspended solids accumulate in the collectors and bottom 730 of each unit.
[00141] Water spills over the left and right edges of the upper collector 890 to flow into the interior of the right and left intermediate collectors 910. These collectors collect the slightly less dense suspended solids and any more dense sediment that may splash from the upper collector.
[00142] Water flows over the intermediate collectors 910 and then down to the lower collector 920 located below and, generally, between the intermediate collectors. After the water has flowed into the bottom collector 920, it can flow left or right over the bottom collector to the bottom of the sedimentation unit. The number of collectors in a sedimentation unit can be increased or decreased as appropriate for the specific task.
[00143] Figure 14 shows an optional 850 speed reduction protection that can be oriented at an angle 851 in relation to the upper collector 890. The 850 protection is preferably arranged to reduce the speed and force of the water incoming from an inlet pipe, such as inlet 830, as shown. The 850 protection is also preferably configured to spread the incoming water over a larger area of the upper 890 collector and to reduce the amount of sediment that is washed and removed from the 890 collector. Reducing the speed and redirecting the incoming water will result in an impact to the 890 collector with less force.
[00144] Optionally, the outlet tubes 930, 950 and / or 960 can include a dam to collect additional particles. As shown in Figures 16A and 16B and explained with reference to outlet tube 930, outlet tube 930 may comprise an original diameter tube 931 and a larger diameter tube 932 with a 935 dam. Preferably, the 935 dam is composed by metal wire or other robust structure to collect the particles. The increase in diameter between tubes 931 and 932 reduces the flow restriction caused by the dam.
[00145] It is desirable to dimension the PWT 660 system and its components to allow sufficient water flow to prevent the fluid reserve of any unit from causing an overload. Pipes 830, 930, 950 and 960 are preferably sized to allow water to flow at substantially equivalent rates. For example, in a preferred embodiment, all four tubes 830, 930, 950 and 960 are 7.62 cm (three inches) in diameter. In another embodiment, tubes 830 and 960 are 7.62 cm (3 inches) in diameter while tubes 950 and 960 are 10.16 cm (4 inches) in diameter and include dams. The flow rate of water with solids suspended in a row of sedimentation units can be up to 0.18 m3 / minute (50 gallons / minute), preferably up to 0.37 m3 / minute (100 gallons / minute) and , more preferably, up to 0.56 m3 / minute (150 gallons / minute). Even larger configurations of the present invention could accommodate flow rates in excess of 0.56 m3 / minute (150 gallons / minute).
[00146] Each collector has an undulating surface, preferably to increase the surface area for sedimentation, to produce dead zones of reduced water movement and to separate sediment from flowing water. In Figures 17A, 17B, 17C, 18A, 18B, 18C, 19A, 19B and 19C, the collectors are shown with a serrated surface configuration for illustrative purposes. Other shapes and cross-sectional shapes can be used, including more random patterns. In addition, the undulations can be parallel, perpendicular or oblique to the water flow. The collectors in each sedimentation unit are preferably removable for cleaning.
[00147] In Figures 17A, 17B and 17C, the upper collector 890 has flanges 1130 and 1140 along front and rear top edges, respectively, and an undulating surface 900A. The 1130 flange interrupts the flow of water between the front edge of the collector and the front wall of the unit. The 1140 flange stops the flow of water between the rear edge of the collector and the unit's debris wall. Preferably, water should flow into the upper collector and then flow over the left and right edges of the collector to reach the intermediate collectors 910 below it. The front flange 1130 has a cutout 1135 to accommodate the inlet pipe 830. Along the bottom of the upper collector 890 at the front and rear edges are projections 1150 and 1160 for contact with or connection to the front and respective debris walls of the unit.
[00148] Within the depth produced by the sides and bottom of the collector 890 is a 900A undulating surface. The depth of the collector and the number of ripples inside the collector are not limited and simply represent a design choice for a particular task. The 1160 handles or attachment points are optionally provided to facilitate the removal of the collector from a sedimentation unit during cleaning.
[00149] In Figure 18A, 18B and 18C, the intermediate collector 910 has an undulating surface 900B between two opposite front and rear walls. Along the bottom of intermediate collector 910 at the front and rear edges are projections 1170 for contact with or connection to the front and respective debris walls of the unit. Preferably, the water should flow into the intermediate collector and then flow over either the left or right edge to reach the bottom collector 920 below it.
[00150] Within the depth produced by the sides and bottom of the collector 910 is an undulating surface 900B. The depth of the collector and the number of ripples inside the collector are not limited and simply represent a design choice for a particular task. The 1180 handles or attachment points are optionally provided to facilitate removal of the collector from a sedimentation unit during cleaning.
[00151] In Figure 19A, 19B and 19C, the lower collector 920 has an undulating surface 900C between two opposite front and rear walls. Along the bottom of the bottom collector 920 at the front and rear edges are projections 1190 for contact with or connection with the front and respective debris walls of the unit. Preferably, the water should flow into the lower collector and then flow over the left and right edges.
[00152] Within the depth produced by the sides and bottom of the 920 collector is an undulating 900C surface. The depth of the collector and the number of ripples inside the collector are not limited and simply represent a design choice for a particular task. The handles or attachment points 1200 are optionally provided to facilitate the removal of the collector from a sedimentation unit during cleaning.
[00153] As shown in the Figures, it is preferable that the number of undulations on the 900A, 900B and 900C surfaces decreases progressively while the depth of the undulations progressively increases. The collectors are shown with an increasing depth of undulations from the top to the bottom as arranged in a sedimentation unit. Alternatively, the size, shape and depth of undulations could be reversed in order or, otherwise, they could vary between the upper, intermediate and lower collector or inside each collector itself. A greater or lesser number of collector levels could be used in a sedimentation unit, also allowing the unit to be smaller or larger, if desired.
[00154] Examples of use of a PWT system, according to an embodiment of the invention, will be discussed. Example 1
[00155] An active construction site is hit by a strong storm that produces a runoff with 22,000 mg / l of suspended solids. A treatment system with three sedimentation units with internal dimensions of 1.5 m by 1.5 m by 1 m each is used to treat the water that accumulates at the construction site. The treatment system is considered to be full when the capacity of the first sedimentation unit is half full of solids, the second sedimentation unit is half full of solids and the third sedimentation unit is a quarter full of solids. The capacity of each sedimentation unit is approximately 1.6 m3, so that the capacity of the system before needing cleaning is approximately 2 m3.
[00156] A flow rate of 225 l / min out of the construction site will result in the need to clean the system after 11 hours of continuous use. Example 2
[00157] An active construction site is hit by a strong storm that produces a flow with 2,000 mg / l of suspended solids. The treatment system in Example 1 would need cleaning after 127 hours of continuous use.
[00158] Even though the invention has been described and illustrated with a certain degree of particularity, it should be understood that the present disclosure was made only for the purpose of exemplification and that several changes in the combination and arrangement of parts can be used by those versed in technique without deviating from the spirit and scope of the invention, as hereinafter claimed.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[0001]
1. A fluid treatment apparatus for treating an inlet fluid comprising: a separating vessel connected to an inlet tube (111) and an outlet tube (121), wherein said outlet tube (121) is in a lower position in said container (101) than said inlet tube (111); a wall (140) inside said container (101) between said inlet tube (111) and said outlet tube (121); wherein said wall (140) defines a top space between a top of said wall (140) and an internal top surface of said container; wherein said wall (140) defines a bottom space between a bottom of said wall and an inner bottom surface of said container; a drain pipe (122) extending downwardly from said outlet pipe (121); and a vent tube (130) extending upwardly from said outlet tube (121); and characterized by a first grooved collector (172) within said container (101) and located under said inlet tube (111); and by a second grooved collector (173) within said container (101) and located at a lower level than said first collector (172), the collectors decreasing the flow of incoming water.
[0002]
2. Fluid treatment apparatus, according to king-vindication 1, characterized by the fact that the first and / or the second collector (172, 173) has a serrated cross section.
[0003]
3. Fluid treatment apparatus, according to king-vindication 1, characterized by the fact that the collectors (172, 173) are configured to allow said inlet fluid to flow downwards from the first collector (172) to said second collector.
[0004]
Fluid treatment apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises an access opening (105) at the top of said separation container (101).
[0005]
5. Fluid treatment apparatus, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that it still comprises a metallic screen (171) on said first collector (172), in which said metallic screen (171) is configured to collect debris in the inlet fluid.
[0006]
Fluid treatment apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it still comprises a third collector within said container at said lower level and separate from said second collector (173).
[0007]
7. Fluid treatment apparatus, according to king-vindication 6, characterized by the fact that the collectors (172, 173) are configured to allow the inlet fluid to flow downwards from the first collector (172) to the said second collector (173) and third collector (155).
[0008]
Fluid treatment apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said wall (140) is adjacent to the outlet tube (121).
[0009]
Fluid treatment apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said drain pipe (122) comprises a pipe loop (622), in which a plane defined by the pipe loop (622) ) is vertically oriented.
[0010]
10. Fluid treatment apparatus, according to the vindication king 9, characterized by the fact that said tube loop (622) comprises a lower portion with an upper surface cutout.
[0011]
11. Fluid treatment apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a portion of the outlet tube (121) is perforated.
[0012]
12. Groundwater treatment apparatus, characterized by the fact that it comprises the fluid treatment apparatus as defined in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the separation container is underground.
[0013]
13. Inlet fluid treatment method comprising polluted rainwater, the method characterized by the fact that it comprises using the groundwater treatment apparatus, as defined in claim 12, in order to allow rainwater to flow from said pipe inlet (111), through at least a portion of said first collector (172), and from said first collector (172) to said second collector (173) to collect a pollutant from polluted rainwater in at least one between said first collector (172) and said second collector (173).
[0014]
14. Method, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that it still comprises allowing polluted rainwater to cascade from the first collector (172) to the second collector (173).
[0015]
15. Method, according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by the fact that the input fluid comprises water and at least one among biomass, waste, oil, fat, mud and sand.

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WO2013040521A3|2013-06-27|

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CN103874532A|2014-06-18|

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EP2755736A4|2015-04-15|

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法律状态:
2018-03-27| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|

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2019-08-06| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|

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2020-07-07| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|

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2020-11-17| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 15/09/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US13/234,019|US8889000B2|2011-09-15|2011-09-15|Apparatus, methods, and system for treatment of stormwater and waste fluids|

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US13/234,019|2011-09-15|

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US13/605,824|2012-09-06|

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US13/605,824|US9108864B2|2011-09-15|2012-09-06|Construction site water treatment system and methods|

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PCT/US2012/055665|WO2013040521A2|2011-09-15|2012-09-15|Fluid treatment apparatus, system, and methods|

---