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    • 专利摘要:
    the disclosure provides a paper product composed of at least one multilayer paper tissue that includes a first fibrous layer and a second fibrous layer. the first fibrous layer is composed of wood fibers and the second fibrous layer is composed of cotton fibers. the cotton fibers are present within the second fibrous layer in an amount of from about 1% to 25% by weight of the layer, in some embodiments from about 5% to 20% by weight of the layer, and in some forms of realization, from about 10% to 15% by weight of the layer. selectively incorporating cotton fibers into the paper fabric results in a paper fabric with better texture, without negatively affecting strength and durability.
    公开号:BR112014005809B1
    申请号:R112014005809-1
    申请日:2012-08-09
    公开日:2021-06-22
    发明作者:Kenneth Jonh Zwick；John Alexander Werner Iv；Michel John Rekoske；Ryan Gary Ripp；Benjamin Joseph Kruchoski
    申请人:Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] This disclosure is related to a tissue paper product comprising a layered tissue paper web, with at least one layer comprising cotton fibers. It has been found that by adding cotton fibers to at least one layer and in particular to the central layer of a three-layer web, a web of soft tissue paper can be produced. Furthermore, by limiting the amount and layers to which cotton fibers are introduced, softness can be increased while costs are reduced and other physical characteristics of the web are maintained. HISTORIC
    [002] Tissue paper products such as facial tissues, paper towels, toilet papers, napkins and other similar products are designed to include several important properties. For example, products must have good volume, soft feel and good strength. Unfortunately, however, when steps are taken to increase a product's property, other product characteristics are often adversely affected.
    [003] To achieve the best properties of the product, tissue paper products are typically formed, at least in part, by pulps containing wood fibers and generally a mixture of hardwood and softwood fibers to achieve the desired properties . Typically, when trying to optimize softness, as is often the case with tissue paper products, the papermaker will select the fiber for the paper pulp based in part on the roughness of the wood fibers. Pulps having fibers with low coarseness are desirable, as tissue paper tissues made from fibers with low coarseness can be made softer than similar tissue paper tissues made from fiber which have a high coarseness.
    [004] Fiber roughness generally increases as fiber length and surface area increase. Thus, the softness of tissue paper products can be improved by forming tissue paper products from pulps mainly composed of short fibers, as they typically have a lower coarseness compared to long fibers. Unfortunately, tissue strength generally decreases as the average fiber length is reduced. Therefore, simply reducing the average pulp fiber length can result in an undesirable trade off between product softness and strength.
    [005] Tissue paper products that have their softness improved can further be formed from pulps composed of fibers from selected species of hardwood trees. Hardwood fibers are generally less rough than softwood fibers. For example, those skilled in the art recognize that bleached kraft pulps made from eucalyptus contain relatively low coarse fibers and can be used to improve the perceived softness of tissue paper products. Unfortunately, as kraft pulps made from a single species, such as eucalyptus, are preferred by papermakers in trying to make soft and durable tissue paper products, they are in high demand and therefore more expensive than certain pulps. which tend to be composed of fibers that, in general, have lower coarseness properties. Examples include pulps that are derived by mechanical pulping independent of the source species and recycled pulps that invariably contain a mixture of fiber types and species. Such blends are particularly more likely to have a relatively high roughness compared to their average fiber lengths.
    [006] The paper maker who is able to obtain pulps having a desirable combination of fiber length and coarseness from fiber blends, generally considered inferior to the average coarseness and uniformity of fiber properties, can achieve a significant cost reduction and/or product improvements. For example, the papermaker may wish to make a tissue tissue of superior strength without incurring the usual degradation in softness that accompanies increased strength. Alternatively, the papermaker may desire a greater degree of paper surface binding to reduce free fiber release without suffering the normal reduction in softness that accompanies increased surface fiber binding. As such, there is currently a need for a tissue paper product formed from a fiber that will improve softness without negatively affecting other important product properties, such as strength. RESUME
    [007] It was unexpectedly discovered that the incorporation of cotton fibers, despite having a relatively high coarseness and curl index, within a single layer of a multi-layer weft and particularly in the middle layer of a weft of three layers, produces a weft with greater softness, without a significant deterioration of strength. The increase in softness is particularly acute when cotton fibers are selectively incorporated into a multilayer web in relatively small amounts, ie less than 10% of the total dry weight of the web and especially when incorporated into the web. so that the fibers are not present on the surface of the weft and are not in contact with the skin of the user in use.
    Thus, the present disclosure provides, in one embodiment, a tissue paper web comprising a multi-layer tissue paper web that includes a first fibrous layer and a second fibrous layer. The first fibrous layer comprises wood fibers and the second fibrous layer comprises pulp and cotton fibers. Cotton fibers are present within the second fibrous layer in an amount of from about 1% to 25% by weight of the layer, in some embodiments from about 5% to 20% by weight of the layer, and in some forms of realization, from about 10% to 15% by weight of the layer. If desired, the cotton fibers can be less than about 3 mm in length, such as from about 1 mm to 2 mm.
    [009] In other embodiments, the current disclosure provides an air-dried tissue paper web comprising a first fibrous layer formed essentially by hardwood fibers and a second fibrous layer formed by softwood and cotton fibers wherein the amount of cotton fibers in the second fibrous layer comprises about 1% to 15%, by weight of the second layer.
    [0010] In still other embodiments, the current disclosure provides a multilayer tissue paper web comprising two or more fibrous layers, including a first fibrous layer and a second fibrous layer, in which a higher weight percentage of cotton fibers is present in the second fibrous layer relative to the first fibrous layer. In particular embodiments, the first fibrous layer comprises a hardwood fiber, preferably eucalyptus fiber, and the second fibrous layer comprises a softwood fiber, preferably Northern Softwood Kraft fiber and cotton fiber, wherein the second fibrous layer comprises less than 20% by weight of cotton fiber.
    [0011] In yet another embodiment, the current disclosure provides a multi-ply tissue paper product comprising at least a first and a second ply, in which at least one of the plies comprises a first and a second ply, in which the the first layer comprises wood fibers and the second fibrous layer comprises cotton fibers, wherein the amount of cotton fibers is about 1% to 20%, by weight of the second layer. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
    [0012] FIG. 1 illustrates a plot of Texture IHR versus GMT for samples prepared as described here; FIG. 2 illustrates a multiple linear regression of Texture IHR versus GMT and the percentage of cotton in the center layer of a three-ply weft. The image on the left illustrates the dependence of texture on GMT, while the image on the right illustrates the dependence of texture on the percentage of cotton; FIG. 3 illustrates the effect of cotton on GMT and shows that strength reduces by approximately 50 grams per 3 inches (7.62 cm) for every 10% softwood that has been replaced by cotton; and FIG. 4 illustrates the effect of cotton fiber length on GMT. DEFINITIONS
    [0013] It should be noted that, when used in the current disclosure, the terms "comprises", "comprising" and other derivatives of the root term "comprises" shall be understood as terms of various interpretations that specify the presence of any characteristics, elements, declared integers, steps or components and should not be understood as excluding the presence or addition of one or more features, elements, integers, steps, components or groups other than those mentioned herein.
    [0014] As used herein, the term "average fiber length" refers to an average weighted length of wood and cotton fibers determined using a Kajaani fiber analyzer model No. FS-100 available from Kajaani Oy Electronics, Kajaani, Finland. According to the test procedure, a pulp sample is treated with a mashing liquid to ensure that no fiber fragments or bundles are present. Each pulp sample is disintegrated in hot water and diluted to a solution of approximately 0.001%. Individual test samples are collected in portions of approximately 50 ml to 100 ml from the diluted solution when tested using the standard Kajaani fiber analysis test procedure. The average heavy fiber length can be expressed by the following equation:
    where k = maximum fiber length xi = fiber length ni = number of fibers having length xi n = total number of measured fibers.
    [0015] "Curl" or "Curl Index" of a fiber is the measure of a fractional reduction of a fiber due to knots, twists and/or bends in the fiber. For the purposes of this invention, a fiber curl value is measured in terms of a two-dimensional plane, determined by viewing the fiber in a two-dimensional plane. To determine the curl index of a fiber, the projected length of a fiber as the largest dimension of a two-dimensional rectangle spanning the fiber (I) and the actual fiber length (L) are both measured. An image analysis method can be used to measure "L" and "I" using a Kajaani FS300 Analyzer in accordance with ISO 16065-1. The curl value of a fiber can be calculated from the following equation: Curl index=(L/1)-1.
    [0016] As used here, the term "log probability" refers to the natural logarithm of the preference ratio of one product over another.
    [0017] As used herein, the term "stiffness index" refers to the quotient of the geometric mean stress slope, defined as the square root of the product of the MD and CD stress slopes divided by the geometric mean of the tensile strength, multiplied by 1,000.

    [0018] As used herein, the term "TS7 Softness Value" refers to the amplitude of a peak rising between 6 and 7kHZ, measured using the EMTEC Tissue Paper Softness Analyzer ("TSA") (Emtec Electronic GmbH, Leipzig) , Germany) as described below. TS7 softness value and is expressed as dB VA2 rms. Tissue paper webs and products manufactured in accordance with the current disclosure generally have a TS7 softness value of less than about 10 dB VA2 rms, such as about 8.5 to 9.5 dB VA2 rms, and more preferably from about 9 to 9.5 dB VA2 rms.
    [0019] As used herein, the term "second cut cotton linters" means fibers removed from the cotton seeds during a second pass of the cotton seeds through the delinting saw of a conventional linter machine, while the term "cotton linters "third cut" means the fiber removed from the cottonseeds during a third pass of the cottonseeds by means of a delinting saw.
    [0020] As used herein, a "tissue paper product" in general refers to various paper products such as facial tissue tissue, toilet paper, paper towels, napkins and the like. Typically, the basis weight of a paper product of the present invention is less than about 80 grams per square meter (gsm), in some embodiments it is less than about 60 gsm, and in other embodiments it is about 10 at 60 gsm.
    [0021] As used herein, the term "layers" refers to a plurality of fiber layers, chemical treatments and the like within a sheet.
    [0022] As used herein, the terms "multi-layer tissue paper web", "multi-layer tissue paper web", "multi-layer web", "multi-layer paper sheet" and "multi-layer paper product" generally refer to paper sheets prepared from two or more layers of aqueous pulp by the papermaker, which are preferably comprised of different fiber types. The layers are preferably formed by depositing separate streams of dilute fiber slurries onto one or more endless foraminous webs. If the individual layers are initially formed into separate foraminous webs, the layers are later combined (still wet) to form a web composed of layers.
    [0023] The term "sheet" refers to a distinct product element. Individual sheets can be arranged in juxtaposition with each other. The term can refer to a plurality of web-like components as in a multi-ply facial tissue tissue, toilet tissue, paper towel, tissue, or napkin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [0024] In general, the current disclosure is related to a tissue paper product containing a multilayer tissue paper web that has at least one layer formed by a mixture of wood fibers and cotton fibers. It has been found that the combination of cotton pulp and fibers in at least one layer, and in particular in the central layer of a three-ply weft, can produce a softer product. Furthermore, by limiting the amount and layers to which cotton fibers are introduced, softness can be increased while costs are reduced and other physical characteristics are maintained.
    [0025] Table 1 below shows a fiber morphology comparison for a hardwood fiber (Eucalyptus pulp fiber, Aracruz Cellulose, Brazil), a soft wood fiber (NSWK fiber pulp, Northern Pulp, Canada) and two different cotton fibers (282 RS, Southern Cellulose Products, Chattanooga, TN, and Archer Daniels Midland, Decatur, IL). TABLE 1

    [0026] As is evident from Table 1, cotton fibers are greater in length than eucalyptus fibers, but smaller than NSWK fibers. However, cotton fibers tend to be coarser than both soft and hardwood fibers and have a higher curl index.
    [0027] Unexpectedly, the inclusion of cotton fibers within a single layer of a multi-layer weft, and particularly in the middle layer of a three-layer weft, produces a weft with greater softness without a significant deterioration in strength. The result is unexpected given the morphology of the cotton fiber, that is, the length, roughness and waving of the fiber. Fibers that have a cotton-like morphology are normally expected to have a negative effect on softness and strength. For example, pulps that have a high curl index, which is indicative of fiber curl, tend to produce tissue paper webs with low tension and tensile strength. Similarly, pulps that have high roughness tend to produce tissue paper webs with reduced softness.
    [0028] Although based on fiber morphology cotton fibers do not appear to be suitable to replace wood fibers and particularly softwood fibers that usually make up a large percentage of the center layer of a multilayer weft, has now been discovered that by selectively incorporating cotton fibers into a multilayer web in relatively small amounts, ie, less than about 10% of the total dry weight of the web, these negative effects can be reduced. At the same time, the texture of the weft can be improved without a degradation of strength. Even more surprising is that the main texture improvement is achieved when the cotton is incorporated into the inner layer of a multi-layer weft and therefore does not come into contact with the wearer's skin in use.
    [0029] Thus, the tissue paper web of the current disclosure contains at least one multilayer paper web. Preferably, the weft comprises three layers in which cotton fibers are only found in the center layer. However, it should be understood that the tissue paper product can include any number of sheets and can be made from different types of cotton pulp and fibers. Tissue webs can be incorporated into tissue paper products which can further be single-ply or multi-ply, in which one or more plies can be formed of a multi-layer tissue paper web with cotton selectively incorporated into one of its layers.
    [0030] Regardless of the exact construction of the tissue paper product, at least one layer of a multi-layer tissue paper web incorporated in a tissue paper product is formed with a mixture of wood fibers and cotton fibers. Wood fibers can include fibers formed by a variety of depulping processes, such as kraft pulp, sulfite pulp, thermomechanical pulp, etc. In addition, the wood fibers can be any wood pulp of high-medium fiber length, wood pulp of low-medium fiber length, or a mixture of these. An example of high-medium length wood pulp fibers includes softwood fibers such as, but not limited to, northern softwood, southern softwood, redwood, red cedar, Canadian pine, pine (eg, pine pine). south), spruce (eg, spruce), combinations of these and the like. An example of low-medium length wood fibers include hardwood fibers such as, but not limited to, eucalyptus, maple, birch, poplar and the like, which can also be used. In certain instances, eucalyptus fibers may be particularly desired to improve the softness of the web. Eucalyptus fibers can also increase gloss, increase opacity and change the pore structure of the web to increase its absorption capacity. In addition, if desired, secondary fibers obtained from recyclable materials can be used as fiber pulp from sources such as newsprint, reclaimed board and office waste.
    [0031] In addition, cotton fibers are also used in one or more layers of the multi-layer tissue paper web to help increase the softness of the resulting tissue paper product. In a particular embodiment, the cotton fibers are cotton linter fibers. Preferably, the cotton fibers are composed of second cut cotton linter from the USA or Mexico or blends of second cut cotton linter from Asia. When blends of second- and third-cut Asian cotton linters are employed, it is observed that blend ratios range from about 1:4 to about 1:1 (ie, from about 20% to about 50 % by weight of second cuts and from about 80% to about 50% by weight of third cuts) are preferred.
    [0032] Cotton fiber blends can be selected to achieve specific sheet properties. For example, long fibers from larger second cut and milled cotton linters can be used to transmit the force. In addition, shorter fibers such as short second cuts, third cuts or bark fibers can be used to fill the voids in the paper sheet and therefore increase the opacity of the resulting sheet. In a preferred embodiment, from about 48% to 72% by weight of US second cut cotton linter long fibers and from about 38% to 52% by weight of shorter fibers from Asia are used together. with the raw cotton linter fibers described above.
    [0033] In certain embodiments, it may be desirable to have particular combinations of cotton and wood fibers within a given layer to provide the desired characteristics. For example, it may be desirable to have fibers of certain length, coarseness, curling or other characteristics combined in certain layers or separated from each other. Individually, the fibers can have certain desired characteristics. For example, in certain embodiments, it may be desirable for cotton fibers to have an average fiber length of less than about 5 mm, such as from about 1 mm to 5 mm, and more preferably from about 1 mm to 3 mm, and even more preferably from about 1.5 mm to 2 mm.
    [0034] It may further be desirable for any layer to be formed of fibers having different roughness. Preferably, the coarseness of the cotton fibers in the cotton-containing layer has an average coarseness measure of from about 10mg/100ml to about 25mg/100ml, more preferably from about 12mg/100ml to about 20mg /100 ml and even more preferably from about 15 mg/100 ml to about 18 mg/100 ml.
    [0035] It may still be desirable that any layer is formed by fibers with different waviness indices. Preferably, the crimp index of the cotton fibers in the cotton-containing layer has an average fiber crimp index, as described above, of at least about 0.15, such as from about 0.15 to about 0.25 and more preferably from about 0.15 to about 0.20. Surprisingly, tissue paper webs prepared in accordance with the current disclosure can have cotton fibers with a high curl index, i.e. greater than about 0.15, without negatively affecting tensile strength.
    [0036] The amount of cotton fibers present in a layer of the multilayer tissue paper web can, in general, vary according to the desired properties of the tissue paper product. For example, using a large amount of cotton fibers typically results in a tissue paper product with lower strength and a more abrasive surface. Additionally, the use of large amounts of cotton fibers can negatively impact sheet formation and its relative cost. Likewise, the use of very low amounts of cotton fibers, ie less than about 1% of the total web weight, typically results in a tissue paper product with little discernible difference compared to paper products. tissue made without cotton. Thus, in certain embodiments, tissue paper webs prepared in accordance with the current disclosure are composed of cotton fibers in an amount of from about 1% to 25% by dry weight of the web, preferably from about 1% to 20% and more preferably from about 1% to 10%.
    [0037] The properties of the resulting tissue paper product may vary when selecting specific layer(s) for incorporating the cotton fibers. It has been found that the greatest increase in softness without adverse effects on tensile strength or other paper properties is achieved by incorporating cotton fibers into an inner softwood fiber layer of a tissue paper product. Furthermore, if desired, the increase in cost generally found with cotton fibers can be reduced by restricting the application of the cotton fibers to only a single layer of the weft. For example, in one embodiment, a three-layer tissue paper web can be formed, in which the inner layer contains wood fibers and cotton fibers, while the outer layers are substantially free of cotton fibers. It should be understood that, when referring to a layer that is substantially free of cotton fibers, minute amounts of the fibers may still be present. However, such small amounts generally arise from cotton fibers applied to an adjacent layer and do not substantially affect the softness or other physical characteristics of the tissue paper product.
    [0038] Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the tissue paper web is a multilayer web comprising a first fibrous layer and a second fibrous layer, in which the first fibrous layer comprises wood fibers and the second fibrous layer comprises wood fibers. wood and cotton, in which the amount of cotton fibers is about 1% to 20% by weight of the second layer. More preferably, the second fibrous layer comprises wood and cotton fibers, wherein the amount of cotton fibers is from about 3% to 15% by weight of the second layer, and even more preferably from about 5% to 10 % by weight of the second layer.
    [0039] Combining cotton fibers in a tissue paper web in this way, the disclosure provides a web that has surprising characteristics. For example, the tissue paper webs of the present invention can provide benefits beyond the webs currently available in the areas of, for example, softness and Thin Crepe Structure and can provide manufacturing benefits by increasing production rates due to a reduction needed for refine the cotton fibers and achieve the same properties in the resulting weft. Thus, tissue paper webs that have selectively incorporated cotton fibers may have a Fine Crepe Structure of less than about 20% VOC @ 0.28-0.55 mm, such as from about 18% to 20% VOC @ 0.28-0.55 mm.
    [0040] In other embodiments, webs prepared in accordance with the current disclosure have improved surface properties including, for example, Stiffness Index. In certain embodiments, webs comprising less than about 10% cotton fibers by weight of the web have a Stiffness Index of less than about 14, such as from about 13 to about 14, and more preferably from about 13.5 to about 13.8.
    [0041] In still other embodiments, webs prepared in accordance with the current disclosure have improved softness including, for example, reduced TS7 Softness Values relative to non-cotton webs. In certain embodiments, webs comprising less than about 10% cotton fibers by weight of the web have a Softness Value TS7 of less than about 10 dB VA2 rms, such as from about 8.5 to about 9 .5 dB VA2 rms, and more preferably from about 9 to about 9.5 dB VA2 rms.
    [0042] Furthermore, tissue paper webs that have selectively incorporated cotton fibers, compared to an identically prepared tissue paper product without the cotton fibers, show an improved texture at equivalent strength levels. Surprisingly, this benefit resulted from the use of a small percentage by weight, such as less than about 10% by weight of the weft, and was particularly prominent when cotton was incorporated into the inner layer of the weft rather than the outer layer.
    [0043] As indicated above, cotton fibers are generally blended with wood fibers and incorporated into one or more layers of a multilayer tissue paper web. For example, one embodiment of the present invention includes forming a single-ply tissue paper product. In this embodiment, the single sheet is a three-ply tissue paper web. The outer layers comprise wood fibers as described above. The inner layer comprises a mixture of cotton fibers and wood fibers. For example, in one embodiment, the inner layer comprises a mixture of softwood fibers and cotton fibers such that the total weight of cotton fibers in the layer ranges from about 85% to about 95% and the total cotton fiber weight ranges from about 15% to about 5%. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the inner layer is composed of about 5% to about 7% cotton fibers and about 95% to about 97% softwood fibers.
    [0044] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a tissue paper product with two sheets. In this embodiment, the tissue paper product contains an upper multilayer tissue paper web and a lower multilayer tissue paper web which are joined using known techniques. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the top weft contains three plies, a top ply, a center ply and a back ply. For example, in one embodiment, the core layer contains a blend of about 85% softwood fibers and about 15% cotton fibers so that the total fiber content of the layer represents about 33% by weft weight. In addition, the top layer contains about 100% hardwood fibers and represents about 32% by weight of the web and the bottom layer includes about 100% hardwood fibers and represents 35% by weight of the web. On the other hand, the bottom tissue paper web contains a layer of hardwood fibers, a layer of softwood and cotton fibers and a layer of hardwood fibers, comprising about 33%, 35% and 32% of the plot, respectively. Similar to the top weft, the core layer comprises about 15% cotton fibers and 85% softwood fibers.
    [0045] Other arrangements and combinations of fibers are contemplated, provided the tissue paper product comprises at least one multilayer web, in which at least one layer of the multilayer web comprises a mixture of cotton and wood fibers.
    [0046] If desired, various chemical compositions can be applied to one or more layers of the multilayer tissue paper web to increase softness and/or reduce the generation of linter or necrosis. For example, in some embodiments, a wet strength agent can be used to further increase the strength of the tissue paper product. As used herein, a "wet strength agent" is any material which, when added to wood fibers, can provide a resulting web or sheet with a ratio of wet geometric stress strength to dry geometric stress strength in excess of about 0.1. Typically, these materials are termed "permanent" wet strength agents or "temporary" wet strength agents. As is well known in the industry, temporary and permanent wet strength agents can still sometimes function as dry strength agents to increase the strength of the tissue paper product when dry.
    [0047] Wet strength agents can be applied in various amounts depending on the desired characteristics of the web. For example, in some embodiments, the total amount of wet strength agents added can be between about 1 pound (0.45 kg) to about 60 pounds (27.21 kg) per ton (per 1016 kg) ( lb/T), in some embodiments, between about 5 to about 30 lb/T, and in some embodiments, between about 7 to about 13 lb/T of the dry weight of the fibrous material. Wet strength agents can be incorporated into any layer of the multi-layer tissue paper web.
    [0048] A chemical separator can further be applied to soften the web. Specifically, a chemical separator can reduce the amount of hydrogen bonds within one or more web layers, which results in a softer product. Depending on the desired characteristics of the resulting tissue paper product, the separator can be used in varying amounts. For example, in some embodiments, the separator can be applied in an amount between about 1 and 30 lb/T, in some embodiments between about 3 and 20 lb/T, and in some embodiments, between about 6 and 15 lb/T of the dry weight of the fibrous material. The separator can be incorporated into any layer of the multi-layer tissue paper web.
    [0049] Any material that can be applied to the fibers and that is capable of increasing the feeling of softness of a web by breaking the hydrogen bond can generally be used as a separator in the present invention. In particular, as stated above, it is typically desired for the separator to have a cationic charge to form an electrostatic bond with the anionic groups present in the pulp. Some examples of suitable cationic separators may include, but are not limited to, quaternary ammonium compounds, imidazolinone compounds, bis-imidazolinone compounds, biquartenary ammonium compounds, polyquartenary ammonium compounds, ester-functional quaternary ammonium compounds (for example, salts of quaternary trialkanolamine ester fatty acids), phospholipid derivatives, polymethylsiloxanes and related cationic and nonionic silicone compounds, fatty and carboxylic acid derivatives, mono and polysaccharide derivatives, polyhydroxylated hydrocarbons, etc. For example, some suitable separators are described in US Pat. 5,716,498, 5,730,839, 6,211,139, 5,543,067 and W0/0021918, all of which are incorporated herein consistently with the present disclosure.
    [0050] Other suitable separators are disclosed in US Pat. 5,529,665 to Kaun and 5,558,873 to Funk, et al., both of which are incorporated herein consistently with the current disclosure. In particular, Kaun discloses the use of various cationic silicone compounds as softening agents.
    [0051] The multilayer web can generally be formed in accordance with a variety of papermaking processes known in the industry. In fact, any process capable of making a tissue paper web can be used in the current invention. For example, a papermaking process of the present invention that utilizes wet pressure, creping, air drying, air drying creping, air drying creping, single creping, double creping, calendering, embossing, air layering, as well. as other steps in tissue paper web processing.
    [0052] In some embodiments, in addition to the use of various chemical treatments, such as those described above, the papermaking process itself can still selectively vary to achieve a web with certain properties. For example, a papermaking process can be used to form a multilayer tissue paper web, as described and disclosed in US Pat. 5,129,988 to Farrington, Jr.; 5,494,554 to Edwards, et al.; and 5,529,665 for Kaun, which are incorporated herein in a manner consistent with the current disclosure.
    [0053] For this, several embodiments of a method for forming a multilayer tissue paper web will now be described in more detail. For example, wet pressure tissue paper webs can be prepared using methods known in the industry and can often be referred to as a monitored form, in which two layers of wet webs are independently formed and then combined into a single web . To form the first layer of the web, the fibers (eg pulp and/or cotton fibers) are prepared in a manner well known in the papermaking industry and delivered to the first processing box, in which the fiber is held. in an aqueous suspension. A materials pump provides the necessary amount of suspension to the suction side of the pump fan. If desired, a metering pump can supply an additive (eg latex, reactive compound, etc.) to the fiber suspension. Additional dilution water is also mixed with the fiber suspension.
    [0054] The total mixture of fibers is then pressurized and delivered to the headbox. The aqueous suspension leaves the headbox and is deposited on an endless papermaking fabric along the suction box. The suction box is placed in a vacuum that removes the water from the suspension, thus forming the first layer. In this example, the distributed multifoil from headbox 6 should be referred to as the "airside" layer, which layer is eventually being positioned away from the drying surface during drying. In some embodiments, it may be desired that a layer containing the blend of synthetic fiber and pulp be formed as the "airside" layer. As will be described in more detail below, this can facilitate the ability of cotton fibers to stay below their melting point during drying.
    [0055] The pattern fabric can be any pattern fabric, such as fabrics that have a fiber support index of about 150 or higher. Some suitable model fabrics include, but are not limited to, single layer fabrics such as Appleton Wire 94M available from Albany International Corporation, Appleton Wire Division, Menasha, Wis.; double-layer fabrics such as Asten 866 available from Asten Group, Appleton, WI; and triple layer fabrics such as Lindsay 3080, available from Lindsay Wire, Florence, MS.
    [0056] The consistency of the aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers leaving the headbox may be about 0.05% to 2% and, in one embodiment, about 0.2%. The first headbox can be a layered headbox with one or more layer chambers that provide a first layer of wet stratified web, or it can be a single-layer headbox that provides a first layer of wet mixed web or homogeneous.
    [0057] To form the second web layer, the fibers (for example, pulp and/or cotton fibers) are prepared in a manner well known in the papermaking industry and delivered to the second processing box, in which the fiber is kept in an aqueous suspension. A materials pump provides the necessary amount of suspension to the suction side of the pump fan. A metering pump can supply additives (eg latex, reactive compound, etc.) into the fiber suspension as described above. The additional dilution water is still mixed with the fiber suspension. The entire fiber mixture is then pressurized and delivered to the headbox. The aqueous suspension leaves the headbox 16 and is deposited on an endless papermaking fabric along the suction box. The suction box is placed in a vacuum that removes water from the suspension, thus forming the second wet web. In this example, the material coming out of the headbox is called the layer "next to the dryer" as this layer will eventually be in contact with the surface of the dryer. In some embodiments, it may be desirable for a layer containing the blend of synthetic fiber and pulp to be formed as the "dryer-side" layer. As will be described in more detail below, this can facilitate the cotton fibers' ability to stay below their melting point during drying. Suitable pattern fabrics for the pattern fabric of the second inlet box include those pattern fabrics previously mentioned in connection with the pattern fabric of the first inlet box.
    [0058] After the initial formation of the first and second wet web layers, the two web layers are joined in a “couched” relationship while at a consistency of about 10% to 30%. Regardless of the consistency selected, it is typically desirable for the consistencies of the two wet webs to be substantially the same. Coating occurs when the first layer of the wet web comes into contact with the second layer of the wet web in a roll.
    [0059] After the transfer of the consolidated web to the felt in the vacuum box, the removal of water, drying and creping of the consolidated web occur in the conventional way. More specifically, the designed web is further dehumidified and transferred to a dryer (eg Yankee dryer) using a pressure roller, which serves to extract water from the web, which is absorbed by the felt and causes the web to adhere to the surface. of the dryer. The web is then dried, optionally creped, and wound onto a roll for subsequent conversion to a final creped product.
    [0060] According to the current disclosure, tissue products can further be manufactured using a multi-layer headbox, a pattern fabric, a pattern roll, a papermaker's felt, a pressure roll, a Yankee dryer and a blade of creping. In operation, the layered headbox continuously deposits a stream of layered material between the pattern fabric and the felt, which is partially wrapped around the pattern roll. Water is removed from the aqueous material suspension through the pattern fabric by centrifugal force as the newly formed web passes through the pattern roll arc. As the pattern fabric and felt separate, the wet web continues on the felt and is transported to the Yankee dryer.
    [0061] In the Yankee dryer, creping chemicals are continuously applied on top of the existing adhesive in the form of an aqueous solution. The solution is applied by any convenient means, such as using a spray pump that evenly sprays the surface of the dryer with an adhesive creping solution. The application point of the dryer surface is immediately followed by the creping scraper blade, allowing sufficient time for the fresh adhesive film to spread and dry.
    [0062] In some instances, various chemical compositions (ie, separating agents) may be applied to the web as it dries, such as during spray pump use. For example, the spray pump can apply the additives to the drum surface separately and/or in combination with the creping adhesives so that the additives are applied to an outer layer of the web as it passes through the drum. In some embodiments, the point of application on the dryer surface is the point immediately after the creping blade, thus allowing sufficient time for the fresh adhesive film to spread and dry before contacting the web at the line. pressure roller. Methods and techniques for applying an additive to a dryer roll are described in more detail in US Pat. 5,853,539 to Smith, et al. and 5,993,602 to Smith, et al., which are incorporated herein consistently with the current disclosure.
    [0063] The wet web is applied to the dryer surface by a pressure roller with an application force of, in one embodiment, about 200 pounds per square inch (psi). After the pressing or dewatering step, the web consistency is typically 30% or more. Sufficient steam power from the Yankee dryer and blower drying capacity are applied to this web to achieve a final consistency of about 95% or greater, and particularly 97% or greater. The temperature of the sheet or web immediately preceding the creping blade, measured, for example, by an infrared temperature sensor, is typically about 235°F (112.79°C) or higher. In addition to using a Yankee dryer, it should also be understood that other drying methods, such as microwave or infrared heating methods, can be used in the present invention, either alone or in conjunction with a Yankee dryer.
    [0064] The web can further be dried using drying techniques not understood, such as blow-drying. Air blow drying ensures the removal of moisture from the web by passing air through the web, without applying any mechanical pressure. Air-drying can increase the volume and softness of the web. Examples of such techniques are disclosed in US Pat. 5,048,589 to Cook, et al.; 5,399,412 to Sudall, et al.; 5,510,001 to Hermans, et al.; 5,591,309 to Rugowski, et al.; and 6,017,417 to Wendt, et al., which are incorporated herein in a manner consistent with the current disclosure. TEST METHODS tensile strength
    [0065] Tensile strength was reported in grams per 3 inches (7.62 cm) of a sample. MD and CD strain strengths were determined using an MTS/Sintech strain/tester (available from MTS Systems Corp., Eden Prairie, MN). The geometric mean of the tensile strength (GMT) was calculated as the square root of the product of the tensile strength MD and the tensile strength CD. Tissue paper samples measuring 3 inches (7.62 cm) wide were cut in both machine directions and crossed with the machine. For each test, a sample strip was placed in the testee's jaws, configured with a 4-inch (10.16 cm) length gauge for the facial tissue and a 2-inch (5.08 cm) length gauge for the toilet paper. The traction speed during the test was 10"/minute. The tester was connected to a computer loaded with the data acquisition system; for example, MTS TestWork for windows software. The readings were taken directly from the reading of the screen. breaking point to obtain the tensile strength of an individual sample. Crepe Structure Analysis/Thin Crepe Structure Test
    [0066] To determine the structure of the tissue paper sheet after creping, the crepe structure was characterized using images of the paper and the STFI mottling program as described in US Publication No. 2010/0155004. The STFI matching program was developed to work with Matlab computer software for computing and programming. A grayscale image is loaded into the program in which an image of the paper in question was generated under low-angle controlled light conditions with a video camera, image capture board and an image acquisition algorithm.
    [0067] A Leica DFX-300 camera (Leica Microsystems Ltd, Heerbrugg, Switzerland) 420 is mounted on a Polaroid MP-4 Land camera (Polaroid Resource Center, Cambridge, MA) standard mount 422. The mount is attached to a macro viewer Kreonite available from Kreonite, Inc., which has an office in Wichita, KS. An automatic stage, DCI Model HM-1212, is placed on the upper surface of the Kreonite macro viewer and the instrument mounted sample is placed on top of the automatic stage. The automatic stage is a motorized device known to those skilled in the analytics industry that was purchased from Design Components Incorporated (DCI), which has an office in Franklin, MA. The automatic stage is used to move the sample to obtain 15 separate and distinct, non-overlapping images of the species. The 424 sample mount apparatus is placed in the automatic macro stage (12X12 inch (3.66x3.66 cm) DCI) of an image analysis system controlled by Leica Microsystems QWIN Pro software, on the optical axis of a 60-inch lens. mm AF Micro Nikkor (Nikon Corp., Japan) fitted with a 20-mm extension tube. The lens focus is adjusted to provide maximum magnification and the position of the camera on the Polaroid MP-4 holder is adjusted to provide the best tissue edge focus. The sample is illuminated below the automatic stage using a Chroma Pro 45 (Circle 2, Inc., Tempe, AZ). Chroma Pro's settings are such that the light is "white" and not filtered in any way that polarizes the output of the light spectrum. The Chroma Pro can be connected to a POWERSTAT Variable Autotransformer, type 3PN117C, which can be purchased by Superior Electric, Co. having an office in Bristol, CT. The autotransformer is used to adjust the light level of Chroma Pro. The resulting image has a pixel resolution of 1024 x 1024 and represents a field of view of 12.5 x 12.5 mm.
    [0068] The image analysis system used to acquire the images and perform the PR/EL measurements may be a QWIN Pro available from Leica Microsystems, which has an office in Heerbrugg, Switzerland. The system is controlled and run by Version 3.2.1 of the QWIN Pro software. The image analysis algorithm "FOE3a" is used to acquire and process the monochrome grayscale images using a Quantimet User Interactive Programming System (QUIPS) language . Alternatively, the FOE3a program can be used with a new QWIN Pro platform that works with new versions of the software (eg QWIN Pro Version 3.5.1). The custom image analysis program was previously described in US Publication no. 2010/0155004.
    [0069] The STFI matching software analyzes the gray scale variation of the image in both the MD and CD directions using the 14F12 (Discrete Fourier Transform). FFT is used to develop grayscale images in different wavelength ranges based on the frequency of information present within the FFT. The gray scale coefficient of variation (% VOC) is then calculated on each of the images (eg inverse of FFT), corresponding to wavelengths that are predetermined by the STFI software. As these images are generated with low-angle light, the surface structure of the tissue paper is shown as areas of light and shadow, due to shading, and hence the gray scale variation can be related to the surface structure of the tissue. paper. Tissue Paper Softness Analyzer
    The softness of the sample was analyzed using an EMTEC Paper Softness Analyzer ("TSA") (Emtec Electronic GmbH, Leipzig, Germany). The TSA is composed of a rotor with vertical blades that rotates on the part under test applying a defined contact pressure. Contact between the vertical blades and the part under test creates vibrations, which are sensed by a vibration sensor. The sensor then transmits a signal to a PC for processing and visualization. The signal is shown as a frequency spectrum. Frequency analysis in the range of approximately 200 to 1000 Hz represents the smoothness of the surface or texture of the part under test. A high amplitude peak is correlated with a rougher surface. An additional peak in the frequency range between 6 and 7 kHz represents the softness of the part under test. The peak in the frequency range between 6 and 7 kHz is referred to herein as a TS7 Softness Value and is expressed as dB VA2 rms. The smaller the peak amplitude occurring between 6 and 7 kHz, the softer the part under test.
    [0071] The pieces under test can also have a rounded diameter with 112.8 mm or square with dimensions of 100 mm by 100 mm. All parts under test are allowed to equilibrate to TAPPI standard temperature and humidity conditions for at least 24 hours before completing the TSA test. Only one sheet of tissue weft is tested. Multi-sheet samples are separated into individual sheets for testing. The test piece is placed in the TSA with the softer side (dryer or Yankee) of the test piece facing up. Once the part under test is clamped, the measurement of the TS7 Softness Value is started via the PC. The PC records, processes and stores all data according to standard TSA protocol. Upon completion of the measurement, the measurement and calculated results are displayed. The reported TS7 Softness Value is the average of 5 replicates, each with a new part under test. Manual Classification Test for Tactile Properties (IHR Test):
    [0072] The Manual Grading Test (IHR) is a basic assessment of the texture of fibrous webs and assesses attributes such as softness and roughness. It can provide a generalized measure for the consuming population.
    [0073] The softness test involves evaluating the velvety, silky or fuzzy feel of a tissue paper sample when rubbed between the thumb and fingers. The softness test involves gathering a flat specimen in someone's hand and moving the specimen around the palm, placing the fingers of the hands in the palm and evaluating the amount of sharp, hard or cracked edges or spikes felt.
    [0074] The classification data generated for each sample code by the panel is analyzed using a proportional hazards regression model. This model computationally assumes that the panelist proceeds to the procedure of ranking the attributes being evaluated the most to the attributes being evaluated the least. The softness and roughness test results are presented as log probabilities. The log of probabilities is the natural logarithm of the hazard ratios that are estimated for each code in the proportional hazards regression model. Higher log probabilities indicate that the attribute of interest is perceived more intensely.
    [0075] The IHR is used to obtain a holistic assessment of softness and roughness, or to determine whether differences in the product can be humanly perceived. This panel is trained to provide more accurate assessments than the average untrained consumer can provide. The IHR is useful in getting a quick read as to whether a process change is humanly detectable and/or affects the perception of softness or roughness when compared to a control.
    [0076] The IHR data can also be presented in a classification format. The data can often be used to perform relative comparisons within tests as a product's rating is dependent on the products that are rated with it. Test comparisons can be performed when at least one product is tested in both tests. EXAMPLES
    [0077] The ability to form a tissue paper web comprising cotton with improved softness has been demonstrated. The innovative sample codes were made using a wet pressure process using a Crescent Mold. In this way, the double-ply facial tissue paper products were produced and tested according to the same tests described in the Test Methods section. The following tissue paper manufacturing process was used to produce sample codes.
    Initially, northern softwood kraft (NSWK) pulp was dispersed in a pulper for 30 minutes at a consistency of 4% at approximately 100°F (37.78°C). The NSWK pulp was then transferred to a dump box and further diluted to a consistency of approximately 3%. NSWK pulp was refined at 1.5 to 5.0 hp-days/metric ton. Two kilograms of Kymene® 920A and 1 to 5 kilograms of Hercobond® 1366 (Ashland, Covington, KY) per metric ton of wood fiber were added to the NSWK pulp before going to the headbox.
    [0079] Aracruz ECF, a hardwood kraft eucalyptus (EHWK) pulp (Aracruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil) was dispersed in a deaggregator for 30 minutes at a consistency of 4% at approximately 100°F (37.78 °C). The EHWK pulp was then transferred to a dump box and further diluted to a consistency of approximately 3%. Two kilograms of Kymene® 920A per metric ton of wood fiber was added to the EHWK pulp before going to the headbox.
    Cotton composite samples were prepared using Southern Cellulose 177, 282R or 282RS cotton grades (Southern Cellulose Products, Inc., Chattanooga, TN). All cotton grades were second cut cotton linters which were cleaned, refined and processed into pulp sheets. The cotton fibers were dispersed in a disintegrator for 30 minutes with a consistency of approximately 4% at about 100°F (37.78°C).
    [0081] The fibers from the machine boxes were pumped into the head box with a consistency of approximately 0.1%. To form the layered weft structure, the wood fibers from each machine box were sent to separate collectors in the headbox to create a 3-layer tissue paper structure. Two different 3-layer tissue paper structures were produced. The first, noted as DFL, was a 3-layer structure in which the fiber weight in each layer as a percentage of the total sheet weight was 44% EHWK, 32% NSWK, 24% EHWK. In some instances, cotton has been introduced to DFL ply sheets as a replacement for EHWK in the first ply or NSWK in the center ply. The second layer structure, noted as RTL, consisted of three layers, in which the first layer was composed of 44% EHWK, the second layer was composed of 16% NSWK and 12% EHWK, and the third layer was composed of 16% NSWK and 12% EHWK, where weight percentages are expressed as a percentage of the total leaf weight. For layered RTL sheets, cotton was introduced to the weft as a substitute for NSWK in the center layer. In each instance, the fibers were deposited onto a felt using a Crescent Mold.
    The wet sheet, about 10% to 20% consistency, was adhered to a Yankee dryer, traveling at about 2000 fpm (0.06 m/s) through a pressure roller line.
    [0083] The wet sheet consistency after the pressure roller line (roller after pressure consistency or PPRC) was approximately 40%. The wet sheet was adhered to a Yankee dryer due to the creping composition that is applied to the surface of the dryer. A spray pump situated below the Yankee dryer sprayed the creping composition which is composed of water insoluble creping chemicals supplied by Dow Chemical, HYPODTM 8510, which were applied to the dryer surface at addition levels of about 200 mg/ m2.
    [0084] The sheet was dried to a consistency of about 98% to 99% as it traveled in the Yankee dryer and creping blade. The creping blade subsequently scraped the tissue sheet and a portion of the creping composition out of the Yankee dryer. The creped tissue paper base sheet was then wound onto a core traveling at approximately 1,570 to 3,925 fpm (480 to 1,200 mpm) on soft rolls for converting. The resulting tissue paper base sheet has an air dried basis weight of about 14.2 g/m2. Two soft rolls of creped tissue paper were then rewound, calendered and joined so that both sides of the creping were outside the two-ply structure. Mechanical crimping of frame edges helps hold sheets together. The joined sheet was then edge-cut to a standard width of approximately 8.5 inches (21.59 cm) and folded, and cut to the length of the facial tissue. Paper samples were conditioned and tested. TABLE 2

    Texture
    [0085] Samples were prepared to illustrate the effect of adding cotton on texture. Samples 1 to 3 were all prepared with EHWK in the outer layers and NSWK fibers and cotton fibers in the central layer. Sample 4 was prepared with EHWK and cotton fibers in the outer layer, while the inner layer was composed of NSWK. TABLE 3

    [0086] The overall texture was evaluated by combining the panel scores for softness and roughness. FIG. 1 illustrates the effect of GMT on texture. Texture is known to deteriorate with strength, so it is important to compare texture to a given strength. The cotton-free control codes (squares) were performed in two resistances. Codes prepared with cotton at 5 and 15% by weight in the center layer provided an improved texture over non-cotton controls at equivalent strengths. As can be seen further in FIG. 1, when cotton is added to the sheet at very high levels, eg 50% by weight of the center layer, the sheet becomes rough and has a lesser texture than the control. FIG. 1 also illustrates that when cotton is incorporated into the outer layer, little or no improvement over control is observed.
    [0087] To determine the best level of cotton in the central layer, the texture data were subjected to several linear regressions. As shown in FIG. 2, texture improves when the core layer is composed of up to about 20% cotton by weight, with additions from about 7 to about 20% by weight, providing an improved texture over sheets prepared without cotton. Codes containing 15% cotton by weight in the center layer provided ~0.2 log of preference enhancement probabilities, which is equivalent to 55:45 preference for the sheet containing cotton in the center layer relative to the sheet without. tensile strength
    [0088] The effect of cotton on the strength (GMT) of tissue paper web was explored by preparing samples using different types of cotton with different average fiber lengths at different addition levels. The effect of GMT is summarized in the Table below. TABLE 4


    [0089] As shown above, and further illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, cotton has an adverse effect on GMT when added in large amounts. FIG. 3 illustrates the effect of cotton on GMT and shows that strength decreases by approximately 50 grams per 3 inches (7.62 cm) for every 10% softwood that has been replaced by cotton; e When the amount of cotton in the center layer was increased to 50% of the layer weight, the weft became weak and the machine's carrying capacity was insufficient. FIG. 4 illustrates the effect of cotton fiber length on GMT. The average fiber length of the cotton fibers was about 1.5 mm for 282RS, about 1 mm for 177, and about 3 mm for 282R. As shown in FIG. 4, the strength increases as the fiber length is increased, in the longer fiber length, 3mm for 282R, the strength actually decreases. TS7 Softness Values
    [0090] The effect of cotton fibers on the softness of the resulting web was explored by preparing samples varying the amount and layer to which the cotton was added and measuring the Softness Value TS7. The effect of the TS7 Softness Value is summarized in the Table below. TABLE 5

    [0091] The TS7 Softness Values of the paper products produced according to the current sample demonstrate that the inclusion of cotton in a relatively small amount, for example, less than about 10% of the total sheet weight and particularly when introduced as a substitute for softwood in the core layer, improves tactile properties. Samples having cotton in the center layer of a three-ply sheet have lower (better) TS7 Softness Values compared to samples prepared without cotton. roughness index
    [0092] The effect of cotton fibers on the roughness of the resulting web was explored by preparing samples varying the amount and layer to which the cotton was added. The effect of the Roughness Index is summarized in the Table below. TABLE 6

    [0093] Codes prepared with about 15% cotton by center layer weight (about 4.8% of total sheet weight) provide a reduced Roughness Index when compared to non-cotton controls at equivalent strengths . Codes that are about 50% cotton by weight of the center layer also produce a less rough sheet, however the sheet also has a substantially lower GMT and the machine's carrying capacity was insufficient. As can also be seen in Table 5, when cotton is incorporated into the outer layer of the sheet, an increase in the Roughness Index is observed. Fine Crepe Structure
    [0094] [093] The samples, prepared as described above, were also evaluated for the Fine Crepe Structure. The results are summarized in Table 7 below. The Fine Crepe Structure values of the paper products produced according to the current sample demonstrate that the inclusion of cotton in a relatively small amount, eg less than about 10% of the total sheet weight and particularly when introduced as a replacement for softwood in the middle layer, it improves tactile properties. Samples that have cotton in the center layer of a three-ply sheet have a lower (better) Fine Crepe Structure compared to samples without cotton, as well as compared to samples that have cotton in the outer layer of the sheet. TABLE 7

    [0095] Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments, we understand that those skilled in the industry, after understanding the same, may readily devise changes to, variations of and equivalents to these embodiments. Thus, the scope of the present invention must be evaluated as that of the appended claims and any equivalents thereto.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    1. Multilayer TISSUE paper web comprising a first fibrous layer and a second fibrous layer, characterized in that the cotton fibers are selectively disposed in the second fibrous layer such that the first fibrous layer comprises wood fibers and is substantially fiber free of cotton and the second fibrous layer comprises wood and cotton fibers, wherein the amount of cotton fibers selectively disposed in the second layer is from 1% to 20% by weight of the second layer.
    [0002]
    2. Multilayer TISSUE paper web according to claim 1, characterized in that the total amount of cotton fibers present in the web is 1% to 10% by weight of the web.
    [0003]
    3. Multilayer TISSUE paper web according to claim 1, characterized in that the cotton fibers have an average fiber length of 1 to 3 mm, and preferably wherein the cotton fibers have a lower average fiber length to 2 mm.
    [0004]
    4. Multilayer TISSUE paper web according to claim 1, characterized in that the cotton fibers have a curl index greater than 0.15.
    [0005]
    5. Multilayer TISSUE paper web according to claim 1, characterized in that the cotton fibers comprise from 5% to 15% by weight of the second layer.
    [0006]
    6. Multilayer TISSUE paper web according to claim 1, characterized in that the first fibrous layer is positioned adjacent to the second fibrous layer.
    [0007]
    7. Multilayer TISSUE paper web according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a third fibrous layer, the third fibrous layer comprising softwood fibers, hardwood fibers or a combination thereof, wherein the first and the third layers are substantially free of cotton fibers.
    [0008]
    8. Multilayer TISSUE paper web according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the paper product has a basis weight of less than 80 grams per square meter.
    [0009]
    9. Multilayer TISSUE paper web according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the product comprises a creped paper product and dried by air passage.
    [0010]
    10. Multilayer TISSUE paper web according to claim 1, characterized in that it is an air-dried paper product, the first fibrous layer consists essentially of hardwood fibers, and the amount of cotton fibers in the second layer fibrous fiber comprises 1% to 15% by weight of the second layer.
    [0011]
    11. Air-dried TISSUE paper web according to claim 10, further comprising a third fibrous layer, wherein the third fibrous layer comprises softwood fibers, hardwood fibers or a combination thereof.
    [0012]
    12. Multi-ply TISSUE paper product comprising at least a first and a second ply, characterized in that at least one of the plies comprises a web of multi-ply TISSUE paper as defined in claim 1.
    [0013]
    A multi-ply TISSUE paper product according to claim 12, characterized in that the first layer of the first ply is substantially free of cotton fibers.
    [0014]
    14. Multiply TISSUE paper product according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the sheets are arranged in such a way that the layer composed of cotton fibers does not come into contact with the user's skin during use.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2013041987A3|2013-06-13|
    WO2013041987A2|2013-03-28|
    US20130071655A1|2013-03-21|
    MX2014003341A|2014-07-09|
    EP2758597B1|2020-02-12|
    US8426031B2|2013-04-23|
    KR20140068998A|2014-06-09|
    AU2012311165A1|2014-02-27|
    AU2012311165B2|2016-12-15|
    EP2758597A4|2015-04-29|
    BR112014005809A2|2017-03-28|
    MX336221B|2016-01-12|
    EP2758597A2|2014-07-30|
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    IT201600071777A1|2016-07-08|2018-01-08|Lucart Spa|PAPER MATERIAL, AND EQUIPMENT FOR ITS PRODUCTION|
    GB2569081B|2016-09-29|2021-08-04|Kimberly Clark Co|Soft tissue comprising synthetic fibers|
    EP3526405B1|2016-10-17|2021-07-21|The Procter & Gamble Company|Fibrous structure-containing articles that exhibit consumer relevant properties|
    CN110214210A|2017-02-22|2019-09-06|金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司|Soft tissue paper including synthetic fibers|
    BR112019014276A2|2017-02-22|2020-03-03|Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.|TISSUE PAPER PRODUCT, AND, METHOD FOR FORMING A TISSUE PAPER PRODUCT|
    WO2021061723A1|2019-09-23|2021-04-01|Domtar Paper Company, Llc|Tissues and paper towels incorporating surface enhanced pulp fibers and methods of making the same|
    法律状态:
    2017-04-04| B15I| Others concerning applications: loss of priority|
    2017-06-13| B12F| Appeal: other appeals|
    2019-05-14| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-07-30| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2019-10-01| B06I| Publication of requirement cancelled [chapter 6.9 patent gazette]|Free format text: ANULADA A PUBLICACAO CODIGO 6.21 NA RPI NO 2534 DE 30/07/2019 POR TER SIDO INDEVIDA. |
    2020-11-10| B07A| Technical examination (opinion): publication of technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-23| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-22| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 09/08/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/238,762|US8426031B2|2011-09-21|2011-09-21|Soft tissue product comprising cotton|
    US13/238,762|2011-09-21|
    PCT/IB2012/054065|WO2013041987A2|2011-09-21|2012-08-09|Soft tissue product comprising cotton|
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