• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Mowers, Tillage Equipment and Related Cutting Sets and Soil Cultivation Methods A tillage equipment and a method of cultivating soils, which includes the use of a rotation axis, having a number of cutting sets located in spaced locations over the axis, where each cutting set has a multiplicity of blades that rotate as the rotating axis rotates to form a plurality of spaced ridges spaced with the same spacing as the distance between the cutters and a width caused by the width of the blades. As the blades dig into the groove, the soil contacted by the blades is grainy and is agitated by the rotating blades, so that some soil falls back inside the groove and some falls along the periphery of the groove to form rows of granules. aerates that promote improved plant or seed growth in the furrow and along the furrow edge to improve pasture yield with furrows. Various accessories can be provided on top of the mining equipment, either in front or behind the rotating blades for different purposes, such as scarifiers, seeders, graders or similar. (...).
    公开号:BR112014005088B1
    申请号:R112014005088-0
    申请日:2012-09-05
    公开日:2020-11-10
    发明作者:Niels Peter Olsen
    申请人:Soilkee Pty Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [0001] The present invention relates to plowing and / or renovation equipment for use in soil cultivation and / or soil renovation.
    [0002] In one form, the present invention relates to a plowing equipment for plowing, cultivating or renewing the soil, to improve the growth of both existing plants, as well as plants recently sown or planted in the soil, which has been worked by the equipment.
    [0003] In one form, the present invention relates to a one-pass plowing system, using plowing equipment as part of the system, so that the soil being worked on by plowing equipment is renewed or rejuvenated through a single pass of mining equipment.
    [0004] In one form, the present invention relates to a plowing apparatus, which aerates the soil in proximity to where the soil was plowed by the equipment, so that the plowed aerated soil promotes plant growth occurring in proximity to the soil plowed formed by the equipment.
    [0005] The present invention finds particular application as a plowing system having a number of different components that plow, cultivate or renew the soil, in order to aerate the soil in proximity to the plowed soil, to allow plants to access nutrients more easily in order to improve plant growth within plowed soil.
    [0006] Although the present invention will be described with particular reference to one or more embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but, instead, the scope of the invention is more extensive, to include other shapes and arrangements of the various components of the mining system and the use of the variable shapes and arrangements of the equipment and components of the equipment and the system for purposes other than that specifically described. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0007] Soil compaction is undesirable, as soil compaction inhibits the growth of plants located within the compacted soil. The compacted soil delays the development of plant roots already growing in the soil and prevents the correct root development of newly planted plants or seeds, which leads to less than ideal plant growth and thus less than expected growth of plants in compacted soil. Therefore, there is a need to reduce soil compaction.
    [0008] Soil compaction often occurs as a result of multiple passes of agricultural machinery on the ground, such as, for example, repeated passes of agricultural machinery towing individual components, such as plows, cultivators, seeders, and the like across the same terrain. The weight of agricultural machinery, poor soil, grazing and fertilizer management adds to compaction.
    [0009] One of the effects of soil compaction is that there is reduced access to nutrients and oxygen for plants grown or planted in the soil. The lack of access to oxygen and / or nutrients inside the soil reduces the value of pasture or crop or similar being produced in fields or paddocks having the soil compacted. Thus, there is a need to have an earth working system, which results in less soil compaction.
    [00010] Consequently, it is an objective of the present invention to provide mining equipment, which results in less soil compaction.
    [00011] Consequently, it is an objective of the present invention to provide a cultivation or renovation system that requires fewer passes of agricultural machinery on the ground, when being worked, by providing a system and / or equipment having multiple components.
    [00012] Consequently, it is an objective of the present invention to provide a plowing equipment and / or a plowing system, which produces improved aeration of the soil in use.
    [00013] Consequently, it is an objective of the present invention to provide mining equipment and / or a mining system, which produces improved access to nutrients within the soil and improves geological epimorphism and mineral hydrolysis of the soil. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [00014] According to a form of the present invention, a cutter is provided for a plowing equipment suitable for working the soil, said cutter comprising a first part capable of being fixedly connected to a part of the plowing equipment, so allowing the mower to rotate in use, and a second part capable of working the soil in use to form a worked portion of soil, where a dimension of the worked portion of soil corresponds to a dimension of the second part of the mower, the second part being located at or towards an end of the first part, to extend from the first part on one or both sides of the first part for contact with the ground, where the rotation movement of the first part of the cutter causes rotation movement corresponding to the second part of the cutter, such that when the second part of the cutter comes into contact, the soil is granulated to form soil particles, in which the first part of the soil granulates forms a layer of soil particles interspersed with cavities and voids to form an aerated orderly set of soil particles within the worked portion of the soil and a second part of the granulated soil is deposited on at least one side of the formed worked portion of the soil by the action of the cutter, such that the first part and the second part of the granulated soil provide improved plant growth in the worked portion of the soil.
    [00015] According to a form of the present invention, a cutting set is provided to form a portion of worked earth or soil, said cutting set including a plurality of cutters mounted for simultaneous rotation, wherein each cutter comprises a first part , which is fixedly connected to the cutting set, to rotate in use, and a second part, which is capable of working the soil, to form a worked portion of soil having a dimension that corresponds to a dimension of the second part of the cutter , the second part of the cutter being located at or towards an end of the first part, to extend the first part on at least one side of the first part for contact with the ground, where the rotational movement of the first part of the cutter causes movement corresponding rotation of the second part of the cutter, such that when the second part of the cutter comes into contact with the soil, the soil is granulated, to form soil particles, in which a the first part of the granulated soil forms a layer of soil particles interspersed with cavities and voids, to form an aerated orderly set of soil particles within the worked portion of the soil and a second part of the granulated soil is deposited on at least one side of the worked portion of soil formed by the action of the cutter, such that the first part and the second part of the granulated soil provide improved plant growth in the worked portion of the soil.
    [00016] In accordance with a form of the present invention, a mining equipment is provided comprising a cutting set having a plurality of individual cutters mounted for rotation around a rotary axis in groups at locations spaced along the length of the axis of rotation. rotation to form a multiplicity of spaced rows of earth or worked soil, in which the cutter comprises a first part fixedly connected to the mining equipment, in order to rotate in use, and a second part for contact with the soil to form a worked portion of soil, which has a dimension corresponding to a dimension of the second part of the cutter, the second part of the cutter being located at or towards an end of the first part of the cutter, to extend the first part on at least one side of the first part of the cutter for contact with the ground, where the rotational movement of the first part of the cutter causes corresponding rotation movement of the second part of the cutter, such that when the second part of the cutter comes into contact with the soil, the soil is granulated to form soil particles, where a first part of the granulated soil forms a layer of soil particles interspersed with cavities and empty spaces, to form an ordered set of soil particles within the worked portion of soil and a second part of the granulated soil is deposited on at least one side of the worked portion of soil formed by the action of the cutter, such that the first part and the second part of granulated soil provides improved plant growth in the worked portion of the soil.
    [00017] In accordance with a form of the present invention, a method of cultivating soil is provided to improve soil productivity when cultivated, comprising the steps of using a tillage equipment having a multiplicity of rotatable cutters to form rows of farmed soil spaced when traveling over the soil, in which the rotary cutter comprises a rod capable of being fixedly connected to the mining equipment in order to allow the rotary movement of the cutting tool and a blade capable of contacting the soil to be worked so as to form a worked row of soil, where the width of the row is about at least as wide as the length of the blade, the blade being located at or in the direction of one end of the rod, to extend substantially perpendicular from from the shank to one or both sides of the shank for contact with the ground, where the rotary movement of the cutter shank causes the corresponding cutter blade, so that the action of the blade when contacting the soil causes the granulation of the soil to form substantially discrete soil particles, in which a first part of the granulated soil forms a layer of soil particles interspersed with cavities and empty spaces, to form an aerated orderly set of soil particles within the row of worked soil and a second part of the granulated soil is deposited at the side or sides of the row being formed by the action of the cutter, in order to extend along the row, it is the first part and second part of the granulated soil providing improved plant growth along the sides of the row and in the row.
    [00018] In accordance with a form of the present invention, an apparatus for plowing the soil is provided, forming at least two spaced rows of worked soil, comprising a frame for supporting a rotatable axis capable of being driven in a rotating motion, a multiplicity of disks fixedly mounted on the shaft at locations spaced along the length of the axis for rotation with the axis, each disk having a multiplicity of teeth fixedly attached to the disk, so that part of the tooth extends out of the disk plane, in that the rotation of the axis causes the movement of the teeth, to form a row of worked soil, such that the action of the teeth on the soil causes the granulation of the soil within the row of worked soil, to form substantially discrete particles of soil, in which a first part of the granulated soil forms a layer of soil particles mixed with cavities or voids, to form an aerated orderly set of particles soil icules within the row and a second part of the granulated soil is deposited at the side or sides of the row formed by the action of the teeth to extend along the edge of the row, to provide improved plant growth along the edge of the row and within the row. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ACHIEVEMENTS
    [00019] Typically, plowing equipment is a renovator, cultivator, plow, plowing device, renovator / planter, renovator / seeder, renovator / undoer or similar to cut or work the soil, to break the soil to form particle size small amount of soil, such as pieces, heaps, granules, aggregates or the like through repeated work on the soil, particularly the soil particles cut from the earth during the work of the soil in operation of a passage. It should be noted that the term mining equipment should not be restricted to mining devices, but also includes other similar devices for working the soil and the like, including any device for crushing the soil into pieces of a size allowing soil aeration to occur. , and includes combinations of operations, such as leveling the soil with a leveler or clearing agent or smoothing the soil after cutting or planting or the like.
    [00020] Typically, the portion of soil worked is a piece, extension of land, section, area or similar of land containing soil that has been treated or worked through the various forms of mining equipment. More typically, the portion of worked soil is in rows, which are arranged as rows spaced substantially parallel to each other, corresponding to the width of the work equipment of the mining equipment.
    [00021] Typically, the accessory for working and / or cutting the soil is a cutter or cutting device or similar for cutting, dividing, breaking or similar, the soil to aerate the soil. The attachment can take any appropriate, convenient or applicable shape to form the rows of worked soil and / or worked soil granules, soil particles or the like.
    [00022] In one form, the cutter is provided with a blade. Typically, the cutter blade is a cutting blade, plow blade or the like for crushing the soil into particles. In one form, each cutter has a single blade or each cutter has two or more blades. In one form, the blade extends from one side of the cutter, whereas in other forms, the blades extend from both sides, and where the cutter has two blades, the blades extend from both sides of the cutter, such as, for example, the blade is a substantially T-piece blade, which can cut the soil on both sides of the cutter, to form the row or groove.
    [00023] In one form, the row of worked soil is or includes, a groove, ditch, channel, groove, concavity, groove, score, crack, ditch, dug, slope, recess, depression, sowing or the like.
    [00024] In one form, the groove or trench includes an edge of the trench or groove or the like, including a gutter, edge, edge, edge, flap, edge, edge, edge, edge or the like. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [00025] An example of a form of mining equipment will now be described with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
    [00026] Figure 1 is a perspective view from above of the rear side of a form of the mining equipment connected to a tractor, showing the mining equipment on site, connected to a PTO shaft to drive the mining equipment. .
    [00027] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the rear side of the shape of the mining equipment of Figure 1 in isolation showing a shape of the cutters.
    [00028] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the shape of the mining equipment shown in Figures 1 and 2.
    [00029] Figure 4 is a side perspective view of a shape of the rotating axis of the mining equipment in Figure 1, without cutters attached.
    [00030] Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a form in which two cutters facing in an opposite way are mounted on a rotary axis disk.
    [00031] Figure 6 is a schematic view in top perspective of a shape of the rows being formed by the mining equipment, when towed by a tractor.
    [00032] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the cutters and the unworked soil after the formation of rows through the passage of the mining equipment.
    [00033] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the rotation direction of the cutters during the operation of the mining equipment to work the soil, in order to cut a groove and granulate and raise the soil, as the groove is being cut.
    [00034] Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stylized groove containing soil formed after the mining equipment has passed, showing the soil structure including the groove and cracks in the side walls of the groove, in order to aerate the soil. .
    [00035] Figure 10 is a rear perspective view of another realization of the mining equipment showing a sower and related equipment mounted on the rear of the mining equipment to transport seeds to plant in the rows formed by the passage of the mining equipment over the surface of the mine. ground.
    [00036] Figure 11 is a schematic view of another realization of the mining equipment suitable for low passage mining, showing a combination of different accessories.
    [00037] Figure 12 is a schematic top perspective view of a form of an undoing agent for spreading and / or leveling the granulated soil after planting.
    [00038] Figure 13 is a schematic side view of a defective valve shape for controlling an air flow to the planter's respective distribution hoses for planting seeds.
    [00039] Figure 14 is a rear perspective view of another form of the mining equipment having a seeder and a leveler to level the soil after the mining equipment has passed.
    [00040] Figure 14a is a perspective view of the shape of the leveler in Figure 14.
    [00041] Figure 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another row before the leveler passes over the top of the row.
    [00042] Figure 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the row in Figure 15 after the leveler has passed showing granulated soil particles returned to the groove.
    [00043] Figure 17 is a schematic cross-sectional end view of the formation of rows using an additional realization of the mining equipment having a protective cut.
    [00044] Figure 18 is a side cross-sectional view of the shape of the mining equipment in Figure 17 having a protective cut before contact with a solid external object.
    [00045] Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of the shape of the mining equipment in Figure 17 having the protective cut after contact with the solid external object. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [00046] A form of mining equipment and / or mining system will now be described with reference to the attached drawings.
    [00047] In one form, tractor 2, typically of a conventional configuration for general agricultural work, is provided with a PTO arrangement, including a PTO shaft 4 for driving mining equipment, generally indicated like 20, through a gearbox 6 and appropriate transmission, including a shaft 8 and chain 10. Chain 10 is engaged around an upper gear wheel 12 and a lower gear wheel 14. It should be noted that any shaft appropriate power take-off, gearbox, transmission or components or any reason or power arrangement can be used to drive the mining equipment 20, in whatever form the mining equipment takes, such as, for example, The transmission may include a set of gears in relation to each other for transmission of energy to the mining equipment. The energy and transmission source is illustrative of the way in which the mining equipment 20 is conducted.
    [00048] The mining equipment 20 includes a main frame arrangement 22 comprising, in one form, two front and rear frame members, extending transversely 24, 26 and two side frame plates extending longitudinally 28, 30 interconnecting the two transverse front and rear members 24, 26, to form the generally rectangular rigid frame arrangement 22 to which the other components of the mining equipment 20 can be mounted or connected, as will be described in greater detail below. A pair of longitudinally extending inner clamps 31a, b is provided to extend between the transverse frame members 24, 26 interior of the side plates 28,30, to provide increased and rigid strength to the frame arrangement 22. As shown in phantom on Figure 1, the movable flap 16 is pivotally connected to the transverse frame member 26 by hinges 18, which are located at locations spaced apart from each other along the length of the rear transverse member 26. The flap 16 is movable between an elevated position , as shown in the phantom in Figure 1 and a lowered position, as shown in the phantom in Figure 10.
    [00049] In usual operation of the mining equipment 20, the flap 16 is in the lowered position, allowing the rotating operation of the equipment 20. When the flap 16 is in the elevated position, as shown in Figures 1 and 6, less of the soil particles being granulated by the cutters they fall back into the groove and when the flap 16 is in the lowered position, as shown in Figure 10, more of the soil particles fall into the groove. In addition, when the flap 16 is in the lowered position, the flap 16 acts on the soil particles, to assist in breaking any soil piles and / or to spread the particles more evenly over the sides of the row and in the groove. In this position, flap 16 acts as a softener or undoer to spread and / or level the soil particles over the width of the mining equipment.
    [00050] When the flap 16 is in the elevated position, the rotation of the mining equipment allows the soil to be granulated into substantially small or similar spherical pieces and thrown from the equipment. In this configuration, the flap assists in the deflection of the granules into the groove or on the side of the groove, as the particles are being lifted by the rotating action of the mining equipment, as will be described in greater detail later in this specification.
    [00051] When the flap 16 is in the lowered position, as the plowing equipment 20 travels over the soil surface, the soil granules on the surface are redistributed through the action of the flap being dragged through the granules, which has the tendency to spread the particles of granulated soil over the seeds, both to the sides of the furrow, and in the furrow, to cover the seeds, in order to promote the germination of the seeds and other development of germination of the plant roots and plant growth.
    [00052] Optionally, equipment 20 is provided with guides or protection connected to the rear of equipment 20, to provide a permanent adjustment to deflect said particles back over the earth, into the juice, and groove sides. In one form, protection is a one-piece construction, while in other forms, protection is a two-piece construction.
    [00053] In one form, the protection is provided with a cutout or opening generally in the form of a T, through which the rod or blade of a cutter can pass, when in rotation. In one form, the protection takes the place of the flap 16 to retain and / or deflect soil particles being thrown up by the rotation of the cutters. It should be noted that the protection or enclosure at the rear of the mining equipment can have any appropriate or convenient shape or arrangement.
    [00054] Returning now to the description of the mining equipment, the rotary axis 32 is seated on bearings 33 located within appropriate casings on or in the direction or on the transverse side of the equipment 20, such as, for example, on or near the side plates 28, 30 for mounting the rotary axis 32 for rotation when using the mining equipment 20. One end of the rotary axis 32 is connected to the lower gear wheel 14, allowing rotation of the rotary axis 32 in the direction of arrow A of Figure 1 , in the use of the mining equipment 20. Although the rotation is in the direction of arrow A of Figure 1, it should be noted that the direction of rotation can be any direction, that is, in direction A or in the opposite direction.
    [00055] Axis 32 is provided with a plurality of rotating discs 34 fixedly connected to axis 32 located in regularly spaced locations between them on axis 32. Each rotating disc 34 is provided with a plurality of openings spaced between them 36 located circumferentially around edge of disc 34. In one form, there are four rotating discs 34 located at 500 mm centers on axis 32. However, it should be noted that any number of discs 34 can be provided on axis 32 depending on the width of the plowing 20 and the length of shaft 32, and the amount of work required of the soil and the nature and type of soil to be cultivated. In addition, the spacing between adjacent disks 34 can be any appropriate spacing to meet requirements. In addition, it should be noted that, in some embodiments, rotating disks 34 can be replaced with any appropriate or similar connector for connecting cutters to mining equipment.
    [00056] The distance between adjacent disks 34 can be any appropriate spacing, such as, for example, between about 200 mm to about 2,000 mm, with a typical spacing being about 500 mm. In addition, the diameter of the disc 34 can range from about 200 mm to about 4000 mm with diameters typically being in the range of about 250 mm to 3,000 mm and preferably about 300 mm to about 2,000 mm. Typically, the diameter of the disc is about 400 mm to 2,000 mm depending on the depth of the furrow cut required when cultivating the soil using the plowing equipment 20, as will be described in more detail later in this specification.
    [00057] In one form, a multiplicity of cutters in the form of teeth 40, are fixedly connected to each rotating disk 34, such as, for example, by screws 38 received through the openings 36 located around the periphery of each disk 34 in or in the direction of the circumference of each disc, as shown in the drawings, particularly in Figures 1,2, 3 and 4.
    [00058] It should be noted that the number of separate teeth 40 connected or mounted on each disc 34 can vary from about 2 to about 60, depending on the size of the disc 34 and the types of soil being worked on, as well as the size, shape or type of tooth being used, as well as the size of the groove being formed. However, depending on the diameter of the disc 34, the number of individual teeth is typically from about 4 to about 12, with 6 being typically the preferred number of teeth, as illustrated in the drawings. In an embodiment of the mining equipment 20, the teeth 40 can be connected directly to the axis 32 or any other form of suitable intermediate connector can be used between the rotary axis 32 and the teeth 40 to assemble the teeth.
    [00059] In one form, teeth 40 are generally of an L-shaped configuration having a connecting rod 42, which is substantially straight or flat and a blade 44, which is arranged to extend transversely from the plane of the rod 42, such as, for example, preferably to extend substantially perpendicularly from the connecting rod 42 as illustrated in the drawings. However, teeth 40 can be of any suitable or convenient shape. Another possible way is that other tooth shapes 40 can generally be T-shaped, wherein the blades extend substantially perpendicularly out of the stem on both sides of the stem plane. In other forms, the cutters can be of any type connected to the rotating disk 34, so that the apparatus has a combination of different types or orientations of teeth.
    [00060] Other shapes of the blades include straight blades having a cutting edge or surface located at one end, i.e., the distal end and / or along a side edge, i.e., the leading edge when rotating. In one form, the blade is a nail or the like having a substantially straight axis extending radially from the rotary axis 32 and / or disc 34 provided with a sharp end in the form of a point or the like.
    [00061] In another form, the blade is a curved blade, typically curved in the direction extending to the length or in the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis or both.
    [00062] In another form, the blade is a twisted or bent blade having a cutting surface, edge or end outside the blade plane, in a similar way to the blade of a lawn mower or similar cutting tool. In another form, the blade is twisted out of the blade plane in the direction extending along the length, so that the cutting surface, edge or end is arranged to extend transversely to the plane of the blade axis.
    [00063] The stem 42 is provided with a pair of spaced openings 43 for receiving screws 38 through them to connect teeth 40 to disks 34, as shown more particularly in Figure 5. In one form, tooth 40 is of a generally rectangular or trapezoid-like shape, having two substantially parallel straight sides, one side at right angles to the two parallel sides and one side being angularly inclined to both parallel sides, as shown in the drawings. One edge of the stem 42 extending the length, which is the cutting edge 47, is substantially straight, whereas the other edge of the stem 42 being the tail edge 45 is also substantially straight, so that the stem 42 has a generally quadrilateral shape. However, any suitable or functional shape is possible, such as curved blades, truncated blades, trapezoidal blades or the like, including blades having straight cut edges, twisted cut edges, sawn cut edges or having curved cut edges. The blade 44 is typically of a truncated shape and extends about 70 mm from the stem 42. However, the end of the tooth can be any length or width, as required, as well as having any orientation or shape. It should be noted that the purpose of tooth 40 is to cut, cut or otherwise disturb the soil and reduce the soil to granules or other smaller particles, that is, to crush the soil, in order to allow the soil to be aerated or similar, when soil particles collect in the furrow or on the furrow sides.
    [00064] It should also be noted that the position, location or orientation of the blades is such that there are overlapping cuts of two adjacent blades 44 on the same side or on both sides of the stem 42 to further work the soil being cut, to form granulated soil particles.
    [00065] In one form, the blades 44 of adjacent teeth 40 are arranged to extend in directions alternately opposite each other, so as to be able to form a row or groove of earth or cut soil having a width that is about twice the length of blade 44 located at the end of tooth 40 when using mining equipment 20. In one form (not shown), the width of the groove being formed by mining equipment is twice the length of blade 44 plus the width of disk 34 shown more particularly in Figure 7.
    [00066] In one form, tooth 40 is connected to disk 34 through an appropriate connector in the form of a fastener. In one form, the appropriate fastener includes a main screw of a size and strength to securely connect tooth 40 to disk 34, such as, for example, a size and strength comparable to screw 38, and a second part of the fastener, which , in one form, is a rupture screw (not shown), which is received through aligned openings of the stem 42 of the tooth 40 and openings 36 of the disc 34. The rupture screw is of a size and type that breaks when subjected greater force or impact than a threshold amount of force or impact. During operation, if tooth 40 comes into contact with an external object, such as, for example, a rigid object or immovable object, such as, for example, a stone driven under the surface of the soil being worked, the force or impact blade 44 in contact with the stone causes the rupture screw to break, allowing tooth 40 to rotate around the main screw, so that blade 44 can swing out of contact with the stone and the mining equipment can continue the operation, thus avoiding unnecessary damage to tooth 40, disc 34 or mining equipment 20. When appropriate, a replacement rupture screw can be inserted through the aligned openings of tooth 40 and disc 34, to completely rewire tooth 40 to disc 34, so that the mining equipment 20 is ready for additional work again. However, it should be noted that other forms of arrangements for preventing damage to mining equipment and / or for deflection of mining equipment away from the solid external object. Such an arrangement is shown in Figures 17 to 19, which will be described later in this specification.
    [00067] The operation of the mining equipment 20 and the mining system involving the use of mining equipment 20 will now be described.
    [00068] In operation, the rotation of the PTO shaft 4 causes the disks 34 and teeth 40 to rotate to allow the blades 44 to cut a groove or row, as will now be described in greater detail with particular reference to Figures 6 to 9. Typically, the rotation speed of shaft 32 is just above zero at about 2,000 rpm, usually in the range of about 50 to 400 rpm and preferably in the range of about 100 to 300 rpm.
    [00069] With particular reference to Figure 6, as the tractor 2 travels along the soil surface 50, such as, for example, crossing a picket, field or other land extension, teeth 40 are typically rotated in the direction of the arrow A of Figure 1, so that the blades 44 cut the soil, to form four substantially parallel rows 52 of worked earth or worked soil, caused by the rotation of blades 44 in the respective ends of teeth 40 cutting through the earth, in order to to plow or otherwise cultivate the soil to form rows 52. It should be noted that, in this configuration, flap 16 is in a partially raised position, as shown in broken line in Figure 6.
    [00070] In the formation of rows 52, the soil in the immediate vicinity of teeth 40 is granulated to form small protuberances or soil particles of typically a generally spherical shape, which can be freely stacked or crowded together, to form a set array of spherical protrusions or well-ventilated or aerated soil particles within groove 54, as groove 54 is being formed within row 52.
    [00071] The formation of groove 54 will now be described with particular reference to Figures 7 to 9.
    [00072] As the tractor 2 travels over the surface of the earth or terrain 50, the teeth 40 rotate to form grooves 54, which is the longitudinally central part of row 52. Groove 54 has a width in accordance with the length of blade 44 or blades 44 of tooth 40, as shown more particularly in Figure 7. In particular, the width of groove 54 is about or slightly greater than twice the length of blade 44. In addition to the formation of groove 54 , blades 44 impact the soil within the groove 54 to work the soil within the groove, so as to form small granules of soil 60 by the repeated cutting action of blades 44 against the soil in the groove as the blades 44 rotate within the groove 54. It should be noted that the rotation speed of the axle 32 is much greater than the travel speed of the tractor 2, and, consequently, the mining equipment 20, over the terrain 50, so that there are repeated cuts of substantially the same soil by blades 44.
    [00073] Soil granules 60 are moved within the groove 54 in such a way that some of the granules are lifted out of the groove 54 by the action of rotating the blades 44 in contact with the subsurface of the granules, which are deposited on or along of the lateral edges extending longitudinally 56 of the groove 54, so as to form a layer of granulated soil 57 along the periphery, edge or groove of the groove, and others of the granules 60 are lifted and thrown over each other within the groove 54 by the blades 44, so as to fall back into groove 54, so as to remain within groove 54 to form an ordered set or aerated pile of granules 59 in groove 54. In one form, it should be noted that the granules of the top soil and subsoil are mixed, which allows infiltration and water retention, which results in increased oxygen detoxification of gas accumulated in the soil.
    [00074] It should be noted that some of the soil granules 60 are not lifted completely out of the groove, but instead fall back into the groove in order to remain in the groove to form an ordered set or assembly 59 of granules or particles 60. However, the granules 60 remaining in the groove 54 are not compacted or heaped within the groove, but are freely arranged within the groove in an orderly set stacked with voids, cavities or the like 61, formed between them, so to form an aerated mixture of granules 60 and cavities 61 or voids allowing air to access the interior of the groove and allowing seeds deposited in the groove to germinate and grow within the groove by gaining access to nutrients in the granules and soil within the groove more easily than if the soil was compacted or compressed. In addition, it should be noted that seeds planted simultaneously with cutting and spreading soil particles within and to each side of the furrow, are also provided with an improved chance to thrive and grow after germination without competition from other plants until the Root systems for plants to develop from newly planted seeds are well established.
    [00075] It should also be noted that typically, about 50% of soil remains in the soil in the form of granules and about 50% of the granules are lifted from the groove and deposited on one or both sides, typically on either side, of the groove at a distance of up to about 300 mm from the edge of the groove on both sides of the groove, due to the arrangement of the blades 44 extending in opposite directions alternately to each other to form an aerated layer of granules 56 on the soil surface, which provides appropriate conditions for increased or improved plant growth along the sides, edges or rows of rows 52 formed by the plowing equipment 20 and / or conditions suitable for colonization by beneficial insects, soil biota or the like, such as, for example, soil organisms, worms or the like, which further improves the health and development of plants both growing in the vicinity of the rows, such as along the layer of granules 56 or around to be planted a within groove 54.
    [00076] Simultaneously with the formation of granules 60 from the soil within the groove, the rotating action of the blades 44 raises the soil in the immediate proximity of the side walls 58 of the groove 54, as schematically illustrated in Figure 8, in order to separate the groove side walls in segments 64 through the formation of a multiplicity of cracks, fissures or other elongated cavities 66 in the soil layers in and / or towards any of the edges 58 or the side wall of the groove. Thus, the rotational action of the tooth blades within the groove not only granulates the soil within the groove, but also lifts and separates the soil into segmented layers 64 to form cracks or cracks 66 alternately with layers of soil on the sides of the groove. Although any number of cracks or fissures can be formed within the side walls of the groove, typically about three or four separate cracks or fissures 66 are formed in any of the side walls of the groove, depending on factors such as, for example, the diameter of disk 43, the length of the stem 42, the length, orientation and number of blades 44, and the like, including soil type and soil condition, atmospheric condition, and the like. Cracks and fissures 66 allow air to penetrate the soil layers to increase soil aeration. Typically, each crack or fissure extends up to about 150 mm from the edge of the groove and up to a height of up to about 6 mm. In addition, it should be noted that each crack or crack is substantially tapered in cross-section profile from a relatively wider gap in or in the direction of the opening at the edge 58 of the groove to a relatively narrow gap at the blunt end of the crack or crack in the body soil profile, depending on the nature and condition of the soil. The lifting of the granules out of the groove, deposit of granules along the edges of the groove and the formation of cracks on the sides of the groove are all illustrated schematically in Figure 9.
    [00077] It should be noted that the more open the soil structure adjacent to the furrow edges and the aerated granules within the furrow promote improved growth of plants or seeds in the furrow and in proximity to the furrow, due to improved air access, particularly oxygen , for the roots of plants located within the soil, including existing plants and newly planted plants, such as plants growing from seeds deposited within the furrow.
    [00078] Operation of the plowing equipment 20, therefore, promotes improved growth and health of plants located within the furrow and immediately adjacent to the furrow edges by providing increased access to nutrients within the soil close to the plants and increased access to oxygen, which it allows itself to penetrate into and into the groove and into the soil immediately adjacent to the groove having the cracks or fissures. It should be noted that the aerated soil structure promotes green-cut fertilization with its concomitant benefits both within the furrow and between the furrows.
    [00079] It should be noted that the depth of the groove can extend from about 10 mm to about 2,000 mm with a depth of about 100 mm being typical.
    [00080] Furthermore, it should be noted that the width of the groove can be from about 2 mm to about 600 mm in width, with typical widths being in the range of about 25 mm to 250 mm, and preferably widths of about 75 mm to 150 mm.
    [00081] Furthermore, it should be noted that the distance between the central lines of adjacent grooves can be from about 100 mm to about 3,000 mm with typical widths being from about 200 mm to about 2,000 mm, and preferred widths of about from 250 mm to about 1500 mm, with widths of about 450 mm being usual.
    [00082] An additional realization of the plowing equipment will now be described with reference to Figures 10 and 10A, which illustrate a form of the plowing equipment, as previously described, but in the form of an additional component or subassembly in the form of a seeder, generally indicated as 70, mounted or otherwise connected to the top of the mining equipment, such as, for example, fixedly connected to the front transverse frame 24 or members of the front and rear transverse frame 24, 26 of the mining equipment 20.
    [00083] In one form, the sower 70 comprises a generally rectangular frame arrangement 72 comprising a transversely extending frame member 74, a longitudinally extending frame member 76, and a number of upwardly extending frame members 78a, 78b, 78c, so as to form a box-like structure having open sides.
    [00084] A hopper 80 is provided in or in the direction of the open frame arrangement type 72 to store desired harvest seeds or sown plants using tillage equipment 20, optionally with other additives, such as, for example, fertilizers , nutrients, growth enhancers or the like, since a variety of different plants can be sown simultaneously from a mixture of seeds. The hopper 80 is provided with a pair of opposite inclined oblique walls 82a, 82b along which the seed deposited in the hopper 80 can slide in a downward direction. An opening 84 or chute or the like is provided intermediate to the two opposite inclined sliding walls 82a, 82b along the bottom surface or base of the funnel 80. In one form, opening 84 extends transversely on one side longitudinal of the hopper 80 to the other longitudinal side, whereas in other forms, the opening is a chute or the like. The opening of the intermediate opening 84 allows individual seeds to fall through the intermediate opening to the oblique walls, in order to be distributed from the loading funnel 80 into a distributor 86 located under the loading funnel 80.
    [00085] Dispenser 86 is located immediately below opening 84. In one form, dispenser 86 is provided with four individual troughs 90 forming four individual routes for seeds to travel along after being received from opening 84. Individual troughs 90 are formed of partition walls 92 located in spaced relation to each other to define the four routes. A conveyor belt 94 in the form of an endless cycle, having a width approaching the width of the sower and, consequently, the four individual routes are arranged to rotate immediately below the distributor 86 to transport received seed through the opening 84 to the distributor 86 moving the seed along the four troughs 90 forming the four individual routes of the distributor. The direction of movement of the conveyor belt 93 is shown by the arrows B of Figure 10.
    [00086] Each individual route formed by the partition walls 92 is provided with a discharge portion generally perpendicular 94 in fluid communication with the routes respectively. An intermediate conduit, typically in the form of a hollow cylindrical tube 96, is connected at one end to the discharge portion 94 of each route for receiving seeds deposited in the route by the loading funnel 80. One end of a flexible hose 98 is connected it is fixed to the downstream end of the discharge pipe 96 and is arranged to be mounted on equipment 20, such as, for example, on the flap 16, so as to form a seed distribution pipe directed to this route by the distributor 86 Each of the individual routes is provided with a dedicated flexible hose 98, so that there are four flexible hoses 98 covering the width of the mining equipment 20, particularly the width of the flap 16.
    [00087] It should be noted that any number of flexible hoses 98 can be supplied depending on the width and size of the mining equipment 16. In addition, it should be noted that the number of distribution hoses 98 corresponds to the number of grooves formed by the mining equipment. plowing, so that a mixture of seeds is deposited in and along the margins of each respective furrow.
    [00088] The other end of each flexible hose 98 is provided with an outlet, in the form of a dropper 100 or fitting through which the seed transported through the distribution hose 98 is passed in order to be deposited within the corresponding groove 54 being formed by the respective blades 44 as the plowing equipment 20 moves forward on the surface of the land 50. Thus, in this embodiment, the soil is plowed and / or cultivated immediately before the seed and / or fertilizer is planted within the furrow, in order to reduce the number of passes that machinery must make on the land surface to cultivate the land, including planting seeds and / or fertilizer, in order to further reduce soil compaction. This assists in the work of plowing the soil by requiring only a single pass.
    [00089] In this embodiment, the conveyor 94 is driven by a transmission connected to the transmission box or other parts of the mining equipment 20, so as to rotate as the mining equipment is in operation. In one form, the rotation speed of the conveyor belt 94, as shown more particularly in Figure 10, is independent of the rotation speed of the mining equipment, whereas in other forms, the speeds of the conveyor and the equipment correspond to each other. . In one form, the speed of the gear determines the speed of movement through the power take-off, whereas in other forms, the speed of movement is determined by the speed at the ground of the mining equipment, or, instead, the speed of the appliance's ground wheels. In still other forms, the speed of the conveyor is determined by the speed provided by an adjustable speed electric motor dedicated to driving the conveyor.
    [00090] It should be noted that mining equipment in any shape or configuration that is used can be used to rejuvenate any type of soil or pasture. In particular, the equipment can be applied for grazing, for cultivation or for overshadowing existing pasture or barren land. Soil in whatever form is treated can be conditioned to improve the soil.
    [00091] It should be noted that other forms of the planter are possible.
    [00092] In a still further embodiment of the present invention, the mining equipment further includes components for treating and / or cultivating the soil. In one form, such as the embodiment illustrated in Figure 11, the combined equipment which is generally indicated as 110, comprises a coulter112 cutter located immediately after and adjacent to tractor 2 for cutting or crop remnants to cover the soil or vegetation growing on the soil surface that is to be cultivated and / or worked, in order to reduce the chances that that vegetation will accumulate around the plowing equipment 110, which could prevent the plowing equipment 110 or any of the individual components of the combination of components of a particular mining equipment 110 work correctly or efficiently, thus resulting in inefficient operation of the mining equipment. Thus, the coulter112 cutter reduces the vegetation length just before it is cultivated by cutting or shredding the vegetation.
    [00093] Immediately behind the coulter112 cutter is a chisel 114 or similar, such as, for example, a spade or chisel plow or the like for the formation of a preliminary cut or groove in the soil surface 50 in preparation for the groove formation 54. In one form, chisel 114 is used to increase the depth of groove 54 by forming a channel of narrower width than groove 54 before the groove formation, but at a depth that is greater than the depth of the groove 54, so that the bottom of the groove 54 is a narrow channel or crevice extending further into the subsoil or soil profile than the usual groove depth.
    [00094] The chisel 114 or chisel plow can have any appropriate or desirable shape or configuration or size. Although one configuration is shown in Figure 11, in which the scarifier 114 is curved forward, in other configurations the scarifier 114 is curved backward. However, it should be noted that the width of the cutting or chiseling element of the chisel 114 may be greater or less than, usually less than, the corresponding width and / or diameter of the disc 34 and teeth 40, particularly of the alternately oriented blades 42, so that a groove or preliminary cut formed by the chisel 114 is located in alignment with the corresponding disc, disk arrangement 34 and tooth 40 of the mining equipment 20, so as to form a generally deeper but narrower cut immediately preceding the formation of the groove, but in the same place, to assist the teeth 40 in being able to form the groove 54, particularly to allow the blades 44 to contact the soil, in order to form the groove 54 with granulated soil and cracks on the groove side, as previously described in alignment with the preliminary cut or groove. In one form, the scarifier 114 could be located between adjacent rotor rotor discs 34.
    [00095] Immediately behind the chisel 114 is located the mining equipment 20 having a multiplicity of arrangements of rotating discs 34 and teeth 40 for the formation of the groove, as previously described.
    [00096] Optionally, the plowing equipment has a seeder 80 located on or towards the rear of the plowing equipment, to plant seed and / or apply fertilizer simultaneously as the tractor moves forward.
    [00097] The use of this form of plowing equipment 110 results in low plowing of the soil, by reducing the number of separate passages of the tractor and other agricultural machinery over the same area or extension of land, thus reducing the amount of compaction of the soil and allowing an increased amount of aeration to be formed by the teeth when cutting the groove and forming cracks on the side of the groove.
    [00098] The seeding section of the mining equipment is optionally provided with a valve or deflector to measure the distribution of air and / or seed and / or fertilizer to one or more of the distribution hoses to plant the seed and / or mixture fertilizer in order to achieve a more or less uniform distribution of the mixture in each of the grooves. With particular reference to Figure 13, in one form, the valve is a pendulum valve, usually indicated with 120 or similar, for use when mining equipment crosses uneven ground. Alternatively, the valve could be an articulated valve having an articulated deflector, more typically, an articulated deflector by weight or be a deflector by weight that is articulated mounted for oscillating movement from side to side. In one form, the seed mixture is pneumatically transported from the individual conveyor routes to each respective distribution hose by an air stream formed by a combination of an electrically controlled fan and a fan-shaped motor, typically a 12-volt fan. low cost to facilitate the operation. As the equipment traverses uneven terrain, one side will be at a higher level than the other, particularly as the equipment traverses contours or travels along contours of a field or picket being worked on. As one side of the equipment rises, the pendulum valve 122 will swing to the opposite side of the air reservoir 124 or similar, as shown in position “X” in Figure 13, to restrict the flow to outlets 128a, 128b located on that side , that is, the lower side of the equipment due to the pendulum valve being pivotally mounted around the axis 126, while simultaneously opening the outlets 128c, 128d of the air reservoir 124, leading to the hoses on the upper side, the in order to level the seed mix flow for all distribution hoses, in an attempt to have a uniform seed mix flow across all separate distribution hoses, despite the orientation of the mining equipment. Alternatively, if the other side of the device lifts, the pendulum valve will oscillate to the other side indicated as the “Y” position, where outlets 128a, 128b are more open and outlets 128c, 128d are restricted.
    [00099] A form of a spreader that is optionally included as another component of the combination of mining equipment components will now be described with reference to Figure 12, which shows the spreader in the form of a cutter, generally indicated as 140, having a multiplicity of panels 142 fixedly angled at an angle to each other to form a generally bustrophedonic or generally zigzag shape, in which adjacent panels extend in opposite directions around the dropper 100. A joint 144 is located at the end inner 146 of the junction of the two adjacent panels to connect the deflector 140 to the joints 18, of the mining equipment in place of the flap 16, which is replaced by the deflector 140. The tubes 100 at the distal end of the distribution hoses 98 are located at or at direction of the inner apexes 148 of the outer junctions to plant the seed mixture in the respective grooves, so that as the tractor 2 travels further, the lower edges 150 of each panel 142 of the shredder 140 spread the granulated soil into the groove 54 by the seed mixture or spread the granular soil particles from the edges of the groove along the edges of the groove and / or inward the groove.
    [OOOIOO] In one form, the discharger of the plowing equipment 140 replaces the flap 16, while in another form, the discharger 140 is located on or towards the rear of the plowing equipment, in addition to the flap 16 remaining in place , such that the disposer 140 is located out of the flap 16 towards the rear of the mining equipment.
    [000101] Other optional forms of mining equipment include the following:
    [000102] In the realization of the mining equipment shown in Figure 14, the equipment 20 is provided with a leveler or similar in the form of a crest-forming bar 160 or similar, for leveling the edges of the groove 54, to reduce the height of the soil deposited on the chute to the groove and / or to fill the groove 54, so that the row of worked soil is substantially leveled over the area of the worked portion of the soil by the passage of the plowing equipment 20. In one form, the leveler 160 it is of a generally folded shank configuration having a substantially straight first portion 162 hingedly connected to the outer surface of the flap 16 or the guard or casing optionally located at the rear of the mining equipment by a hinge connector 166 allowing a leveler 160 to move to up and down on the worked soil surface. In one form, the hinge connector provides a spring loaded connector, so that each leveler 160 is capable of independent up and down movement, which is unbalanced downward as the mining equipment moves forward . A second substantially straight portion 164 is located to extend transversely to the first portion 162, typically about perpendicular to the first portion 162. The second portion 164 is in contact with the ground, so that the movement of the second portion over the soil surface spreads the soil, to level the soil and push the soil to the top of the furrow after the seeds have been planted, as shown more particularly in Figure 16. It should be noted that levelers 160 are arranged in pairs on both sides of the dropper 100 in relation to the opposite face with the respective second portions 164 directed towards each other.
    [000103] Another component that can be optionally supplied on the mining equipment 20 is a protector or similar to protect the rotating blades 44 against contact with a solid external object, such as, for example, a buried stone 168 or similar, to as the equipment moves over the ground surface in operation. The purpose or function of the protector is to hit the stone in preference to the rotating blades, to lift the equipment including the rotating blades on the stone 168, thus preventing contact between the stone and the blades.
    [000104] A form of the protector and its operation is illustrated in Figures 17 to 19 and will now be described.
    [000105] The guard, usually indicated as 170, includes a generally arched member 172 extending in an arc to be fixedly connected at one end to the front cross member 24 in front of the rotary cutter 40 at one end to be connected in a way fixed to the traction strut depending down 174 located at or towards the rear of the rotary axis 32 and cutters 40. It should be noted that the guard 170 has a thin cross section and a sharp leading edge 173, in order to cut through the ground in front of the rotary cutters to form a groove in the ground. As protector 170 is located directly in front of and in alignment with disk 34, protector 170 clears a path for the rotating blades located immediately behind the disk. A groove arrangement 176 in the form of individual grooves 178a, 178b is provided on both sides of the rear end of the guard 170 to guide the movement of the guard 170 through the ground, to cut the groove in front of the cutters 40, applying a directed force down to protector 170, in order to keep protector 270 below the soil surface, so as to provide protection for blades 44. It should be noted that streaks 178a, 178b also raise and air the soil at a lower level than the groove formed by blades 44, so that the aeration of the soil can occur at a level that is deeper than the groove floor.
    [000106] During the operation of the mining equipment, if there is a buried stone or similar in the path of one of the cutters, because the individual protectors 170 are located ahead and in alignment with each of the respective cutters, the front edge of the protector 170 comes into contact with the stone to force the guard 170 in an upward direction, as indicated by the arrows “C” in Figure 19, as the equipment moves forward, thus lifting the equipment over the stone, so that the cutter's rotating blades are free of stones 168, thus preventing damage to the blades. It should be noted that there is a protector 170 located at the front and in alignment with each of the rotary cutters 40, as shown more particularly in Figure 17. The protectors 170 are located in a spaced relation over the width of the equipment 20, where the spacing corresponds the spacing of cutters 40 on axis 32, so that every cutter is protected by a protector. Although protector 170 is shown to be a thin, arched cutting blade to form a groove in the ground in front of the cutters, protector 170 can take any appropriate or convenient shape that provides protection for the rotating blades in use. ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
    [000107] The advantages of the present invention include the following:
    [000108] The use of forms of the mining equipment saves time, saves fuel costs, and increases the yields of the harvest and the like.
    [000109] The soil being worked is aerated, which promotes increased yield of improved pasture for farmers.
    [000110] The various forms of mining equipment of the present invention assist in the physical processes for the formation and / or conversion of soils, chemical and physical processes, such as, for example, including breakdown, leaching, formation of new minerals or the like. In particular, mining equipment rejuvenates the soil by not only physically disturbing the soil to reduce compaction, but also by exposing soil particles to other processes, including chemical processes, such as, for example, hydrolysis, oxidation, chelation, leaching or the like, which can occur more efficiently due to the formation of soil granules. Hydrolysis is improved by the improved water holding capacity. Oxidation is increased by aeration occurring and exposing some elements of soil and subsoil to the atmosphere. Chelation increases the amount of minerals and nutrients that can bind to soil particles to supply, and / or increase the volume and diversity of decaying plants, microorganisms and organic matter that not only produces chelating agents, but that can also be linked by the chelation agent. The amount of leaching is reduced, which keeps mineral elements and nutrients in a form available for use by plants by eliminating oxygen deficiency and flooding.
    [000lll] The above chemical reactions, and other chemical reactions to change rock materials in soil can occur, in addition to other chemical reactions to change one type of soil to another type of soil, such as, for example, converting a obtained silicate material from the breakdown of rocky material into clayey type materials by breakdown, such as, for example, kaolin materials, including kaolinite. Additional examples of breakdown processes include hydration / dehydration, biological activity, solubilization in aqueous solutions, and other beneficial processes.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001]
    1. Plowing equipment, (20), to simultaneously form at least a first trench (54) and a second trench (54) in which the first and second trenches are parallel and spaced from each other, located on each side of a tract of soil, the mining equipment (20) comprising: a rotary axis (32), a frame arrangement (22) and a cutting set, the rotary axis (32) being rotated when driven, the frame arrangement (22 ) arranged in such a way that the frame arrangement (22) includes a transverse frame member (26) that covers the cutting set and the side plates (28,30) located at the ends of the cutting set to form a cover over the cutting set to enclose the cutting set, the cutting set being rotated in relation to the transverse frame member (26) according to the rotation of the rotary axis (32), including the cutting set groups of cutters (40) connected rotational axis (32) at locations spaced along the length of the rotary axis (32), the cutters (40) being of a first group of cutters located in spaced spaces around the rotating axis for the formation of the first trench (54), where each cutter (40) comprises a first part (42) fixedly connected to the rotary axis (32) for rotation according to the corresponding rotation of the rotary axis and a second part (44) to form the trench (54) as the cutter (40) rotates, the second part (44) being located distally and extending outwards from the first part (42), where a width of the trench (54) formed by the rotation of the second part of the cutter (44) corresponds to the amount of extension to the outside the second part of the cutter (44) from the first part of the cutter (42), characterized in that the soil removed from the trench (54) by the rotation of the second part of the cutter (44) forming the trench (54) is granulated by the rotation cutter (40) and the ground contact with the transverse frame member (26) that overlays the cutter (40) to form soil particles, and where cutters (40) deposit a first part of the granulated soil particles within one of the respective trenches (54) as a layer of soil particles interspersed with cavities or voids, forming an aerated set of soil particles within the respective trench (54), and the cutters (40) deposit a second part of the granulated soil particles along the side or on the sides of the respective trenches (54) and in the intermediate soil tract between the first and second trenches that retain biological matter under the second part of the granulated soil particles through the soil tract.
    [0002]
    Mining equipment (20) according to Claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a movable flap (16) hingedly connected to the mining equipment (20) by means of hinges (18), the movable flap (16) it is movable between an elevated and a lowered position.
    [0003]
    3. Tillage equipment (20) according to Claim 2, characterized in that when the flap (16) is in the elevated position, the ejection of granulated soil particles is uninhibited by the flap (16) and when the flap (16) 16) is in the lowered position, the flap acts on the granulated soil particles, increasing the volume of the granulated soil particles directed over the soil tract and into the trench (54).
    [0004]
    Mining equipment, (20), according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotary axis (32) has a plurality of rotating disks (34) fixedly connected to the rotary axis (32), in which the plurality of rotating discs (34) are located at locations spaced in the range of 200 mm to 2000 mm along the length of the rotary axis such that each group of individual cutters (40) are connected to a respective rotating disc.
    [0005]
    Mining equipment (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it also comprises a first set of cutters and a second set of cutters within a group of cutters (40), wherein the the second part of the cutters (44) of a set extends in one direction for a first distance and the second part of the cutters of the second set of cutters extends in an opposite direction for a second distance, in which the width of the trench ( 54) is determined by the total of the first distance and the second distance.
    [0006]
    6. Plowing equipment (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second part of the cutter (44) is T-shaped, wherein the second part of the cutter extends outwards from the first part (42) of the cutter on both sides of the first part of the cutter to form the T shape.
    [0007]
    Mining equipment (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second part of the cutter (44) is a cutting blade, wherein the cutting blade is a curved blade arranged for bend in the direction that extends longitudinally from the first part of the blade or arranged to bend in the direction that extends longitudinally from the second part of the cutter.
    [0008]
    Mining equipment (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second part of a cutter (44) is a blade that is twisted or bent over itself to have a cutting surface outside the plane of the blade.
    [0009]
    Mining equipment (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rotary axis (32) rotates at a speed in the range of 50 to 400 rpm.
    [0010]
    10. Tillage equipment (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the groups of cutters (40) are spaced along the rotary axis (32), to equally distribute the granulated soil particles removed from the trench (54) between the first part and the second part.
    [0011]
    11. Mining equipment (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the trench (54) is formed with side walls, the side walls of the trench (54) being formed in segments by rotation of the cutter, in which the side wall segments are separated by slits (66) formed in the side wall.
    [0012]
    12. Tilling equipment (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the trench (54) has a depth of 100 mm and the width of the trench (54) is in the range of 75 mm to 150 mm.
    [0013]
    13. Mining equipment (20) according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it is for forming multiple trenches in which the multiple trenches (54) are arranged in the form of a parallel relationship, spaced side by side in the form of lines, with the width of each trench being determined by the amount of external extension of the second part of the cutter in relation to the first part (42) of the cutter and the spacing of the adjacent trenches is determined by the spacing of the group of cutters in the rotational axis (32).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PT2753163T|2018-02-13|
    EP2753163A1|2014-07-16|
    AU2012307078B2|2017-03-30|
    CA2845022C|2020-08-04|
    ZA201401667B|2014-11-26|
    US20170034984A1|2017-02-09|
    US9516799B2|2016-12-13|
    EA027708B8|2017-10-31|
    CA2845022A1|2013-03-14|
    BR112014005088A2|2017-03-28|
    IN2014KN00758A|2015-10-02|
    NZ621218A|2016-03-31|
    CN103917081B|2018-03-30|
    EP2753163A4|2015-01-21|
    EP2753163B1|2017-11-08|
    WO2013033764A1|2013-03-14|
    RS56970B1|2018-05-31|
    ES2659188T3|2018-03-14|
    US20140166320A1|2014-06-19|
    EA201490483A1|2014-12-30|
    EA027708B1|2017-08-31|
    DK2753163T3|2018-02-05|
    SI2753163T1|2018-04-30|
    CN103917081A|2014-07-09|
    AU2012307078A1|2014-03-20|
    PL2753163T3|2018-05-30|
    HUE036447T2|2018-07-30|
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    法律状态:
    2017-04-04| B15I| Others concerning applications: loss of priority|
    2017-06-13| B12F| Appeal: other appeals|
    2019-05-14| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-07-23| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-01-21| B07A| Technical examination (opinion): publication of technical examination (opinion)|
    2020-05-26| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-11-10| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 05/09/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AU2011903588A|AU2011903588A0|2011-09-05|Tilling apparatus|
    AU2011903588|2011-09-05|
    US201161535555P| true| 2011-09-16|2011-09-16|
    US61/535,555|2011-09-16|
    PCT/AU2012/001048|WO2013033764A1|2011-09-05|2012-09-05|Tilling apparatus|
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