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    • 专利摘要:
    RECOVERABLE PRESSURE SENSOR AND METHOD FOR RECOVERING A RECOVERABLE PRESSURE SENSOR. The present invention relates to a recoverable pressure sensor for measuring in situ pressure in a process fluid (3) in a tube / chamber. Pressure sensor comprising a pressure transfer device (2) and an external part of the sensor that has a pressure sensor element (4) fixed at a distance from the tube / chamber, where the pressure must be measured. The pressure transfer device comprises a first device (22) to seal the fixation in an opening in a wall of the tube / chamber, where the pressure must be measured, and a first separation diaphragm (5) for the separation between the fluid process (3) and the pressure transfer fluid. The pressure transfer device further comprises a second device (21) for fixing at a distance from the tube / chamber, where the pressure must be measured. The pressure transfer device comprises a first cavity (7) with a pressure transfer fluid, wherein the first cavity (7) comprises a capillary tube for a pressure transfer fixation between the first device and the second device.
    公开号:BR112014005021B1
    申请号:R112014005021-0
    申请日:2012-09-07
    公开日:2020-10-20
    发明作者:Paal Martin Vagle；Bjork Erik Seeberg
    申请人:Presens As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] The present invention relates to a recoverable pressure sensor for in situ measurement of pressure in a process fluid. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] Recoverable sensors are sensors that can be replaced, while process fluids are present in the area where the pressure will be measured. Such pressure sensors are connected to the pipe wall by means of a flange or orifice, for example. It is known to use valve mechanisms to block the flow to allow replacement of the pressure sensor. In practice, the use of valves proved to be difficult, since they are left in an open position and subject to incrustations by the process fluid. It is, therefore, a great risk that the valve cannot be operated when it is finally necessary to replace a pressure sensor, after about 10-15 years, for example. In addition, when valves are used, it is difficult to avoid discharging process fluid into the environment.
    [003] It is, therefore, a need for a pressure sensor that has a reliable structure to enable the replacement of pressure sensors in overpressure environments in a simple way, without rendering the pressure sensors inoperative and without having to open the wall of the tube or suspend production / process. At the same time, the pressure sensor must meet strict safety requirements.
    [004] For underwater installations VORs (Remote Operated Vehicles) are used for the operation, maintenance and repair and replacement of equipment and sensors in the installation. VORs are large and may be needed to maneuver in deep ocean depths. This requires the positioning of components, equipment and sensors so that a VOR can easily access and carry out the necessary operations.
    [005] For use in subsea installations, it is therefore preferable that the pressure sensor can be designed and arranged for easy replacement by a VOR. Likewise, other facilities and large processing plants can be envisaged, both at sea and on land, where it will be advantageous, with a recoverable sensor designed to facilitate access in connection with the maintenance or replacement of the sensor. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [006] The present invention provides a solution to the problems mentioned above.
    [007] The present invention relates to a project that makes possible the replacement of pressure sensors in overpressure scenarios, for example, in applications related to subsea oil, process installations, etc.
    [008] The present invention provides a recoverable pressure sensor for in situ measurement of pressure in a process fluid (3) in a tube / chamber, the pressure sensor comprising: - a pressure transfer arrangement comprising: - a first device to seal the fixation in an opening in a tube / chamber wall, where the pressure must be measured, the first device comprising: - a first separation diaphragm for the separation between the process fluid and the transfer fluid pressure, - a second fixing device at a distance from the tube / chamber, where the pressure is to be measured, the second device comprising: - a second separating diaphragm; and - a first cavity containing a pressure transfer fluid, in which the first cavity comprises a capillary tube for fixing the pressure transfer between the first device and the second device, and in which the pressure sensor further comprises: - a external sensor part which has a pressure sensor element, where the external sensor part is fixed at a distance from the tube / chamber, where the pressure must be measured, the external part of the sensor comprising: - a second cavity with a pressure transfer fluid in pressure communication with the pressure sensor element, - a third separation diaphragm limiting the second cavity, the third separation diaphragm being configured for pressure communication with the diaphragm of the second separation for transfer of pressure pressure between the pressure transfer fluid in the cavity and the pressure transfer fluid in the second cavity, and - a third volume around the second of the and the third separation diaphragms, when the second and third separation diaphragms are in pressure communication.
    [009] The invention involves the use of a pressure transfer device (pressure pad) 2 as a transfer mechanism between the pressure sensing element 4 and the process fluid 3, in which the pressure is to be measured. The pressure transfer arrangement is attached to an opening in the tube / chamber wall and remains in place when the sensory part is removed. The pressure transfer arrangement 2 is hermetically welded to the tube 1 or fixed by means of a flange or otherwise, in order to ensure a sealing fit against the wall of the tube and the process fluid inside the tube. The pressure pad 2 has a separation diaphragm at each end. The diaphragms can be the same or different. Each separation diaphragm has an associated diaphragm seat. Both diaphragm seats are provided with seating holes small enough for the respective diaphragms to fully secure the respective seats and then be able to withstand all process fluid pressure 3 and ambient pressure, respectively, when the structure external sensor is removed.
    [010] The pressure sensor structure includes two diaphragms 8 located adjacent to each other and which serves as a transfer mechanism for the transmission oil pressure 7 and in volume 4, in which the pressure element is located. Especially in underwater pressure environments, safety requirements and reliable design are high. The present invention can then be provided with double barriers by using additional membranes in the pressure pad, for example.
    [011] Likewise, a recoverable pressure sensor for installation in an opening through a tube or chamber wall is described for in situ measurement of the pressure of a process fluid in the tube / chamber. The pressure sensor includes a pressure transfer / pressure pad arrangement comprising: a device for sealing the fixation in an opening in a tube / chamber wall, a cavity containing a pressure transfer fluid, a first separation diaphragm for the separation between the process fluid and the pressure transfer fluid, and a second separation diaphragm that defines an external limit of the cavity containing the pressure transfer fluid. The pressure sensor also includes an external sensor part that has a pressure sensor element, a second cavity containing a pressure transfer fluid in pressure communication with the pressure sensor element, and a third separation diaphragm that limits the second cavity, the third separation diaphragm being configured for pressure communication with the second separation diaphragm for the pressure transfer between the pressure transfer fluid in the cavity and the pressure transfer fluid in the second cavity, and a third volume in around the second and third separation diaphragms, when the second and third separation diaphragms are in pressure communication.
    [012] The pressure in the third volume can be adjusted. The third volume can be adapted for the injection of fluid. The pressure in the third volume can be adjusted so that the sensor can be recovered in a controlled and safe manner.
    [013] In one embodiment, the pressure transfer arrangement may further include a first contact surface for the first separation diaphragm, with the first support surface having an opening for the cavity. The second separation diaphragm also has a second support surface, with the second support surface having an opening for the cavity. An external part of the diaphragm of the second separation can be fixed to the second support surface by means of fixing elements, so that the external part supports and makes contact with a corresponding part of the second support surface.
    [014] In one embodiment, the pressure sensor includes a third support surface for the third separation diaphragm, with the third support surface having an opening for the second cavity. A second external part of the third separation diaphragm can be attached to the third support surface by means of fastening elements, so that the second external part supports and makes contact with a corresponding external part of the third support surface. The pressure sensor may include a biasing force that presses the second and third separation diaphragms together, so that pressure transfer occurs between the second and third separation diaphragms. In another embodiment, the pressure sensor may also include a fourth volume, in association with the first cavity, the fourth volume being configured to receive the pressure transfer fluid from the first cavity. The pressure sensor can be adapted to measure differential pressure, or, alternatively, be adapted to measure absolute pressure.
    [015] In another aspect, the invention provides a method for the recovery of a recoverable pressure sensor, as defined above, the method comprising: increasing the pressure in the third volume until said pressure is greater than the fluid pressure of the process, pulling the second part of the pressure sensor in a controlled manner until the second and third separating diaphragms are no longer in pressure communication, reducing the pressure in the third volume to a pressure equal to or lower than the process pressure , and pulling the outside of the pressure sensor.
    [016] In another aspect, the invention provides a method for the recovery of a recoverable pressure sensor, as defined above, in which the recoverable pressure sensor also includes a fourth volume, in association with the first cavity, and the method comprises reducing the pressure in the first cavity, until the second and third separation diaphragms are no longer in pressure communication, by receiving fluid in the fourth volume of the first cavity, and pulling out the outside of the pressure sensor.
    [017] In another aspect, the invention provides a recoverable pressure sensor for in situ measurement of pressure in a process fluid in the tube / chamber, the pressure sensor comprising: - a pressure transfer arrangement comprising: - a first device for sealing the connection in an opening in a tube / chamber wall, where the pressure must be measured, the first device comprising: - a first separation diaphragm for the separation between the process fluid and the pressure transfer fluid , and - a second fixing device at a distance from the tube / chamber in which the pressure is to be measured, the second device comprising: - a second separating diaphragm; and - a first cavity containing a pressure transfer fluid, the first cavity comprises a capillary tube for a pressure transfer fixation between the first device and the second device, - a part of the external sensor that has a pressure sensor element , where the external sensor part is fixed at a distance from the tube / chamber, where the pressure must be measured, the external part of the sensor comprising: - a second cavity with a pressure transfer fluid in pressure communication with the pressure sensor element, - a third separating diaphragm limiting the second cavity, the third separating diaphragm being configured for pressure communication with the second separating diaphragm for transferring pressure between the pressure transfer fluid in the cavity and the pressure transfer fluid in the second cavity, and - an additional volume in connection with the first cavity, the additional volume being configured to receive the pressure transfer fluid from the first cavity.
    [018] Likewise, a recoverable pressure sensor for installation in an opening through a tube or chamber wall is described for in situ measurement of the pressure of a process fluid in the tube / chamber. The pressure sensor includes: a pressure transfer arrangement comprising a device for sealing fixing an opening in a tube / chamber wall, a cavity containing a pressure transfer fluid, a first separation diaphragm for separation between the process fluid and pressure transfer fluid, and a second separation diagram that defines an outer limit of the cavity containing the pressure transfer fluid, an outside sensor that has a pressure sensor element, a second cavity containing a pressure transfer fluid in pressure communication with the pressure sensor element, a third separation diaphragm limiting the second cavity, the third separation diaphragm being configured for pressure communication with the second separation diaphragm for the transfer of pressure pressure between the pressure transfer fluid in the cavity and the pressure transfer fluid in the second cavity, and an additional volume in association with the first cavity, the additional volume being configured to receive the pressure transfer fluid from the first cavity.
    [019] In one embodiment, the pressure sensor may further include a first support surface for the first separation diaphragm, with the first support surface having an opening for the cavity. The pressure sensor may further include a second support surface for the second separation diaphragm, with the second support surface having an opening for the cavity. In addition, an external part of the second separation diaphragm can be attached to the second support surface by means of fixing elements, so that the external part supports and makes contact with a corresponding part of the second support surface. The pressure sensor may further include a third support surface for the third separation diaphragm, with the third support surface having an opening for the second cavity. A second external part of the third separation diaphragm can be attached to the third support surface by means of fixing elements, so that the external part supports and makes contact with a corresponding external part of the third support surface. The pressure sensor can also be provided with a polarizing force that presses the second and third separation diaphragms together, so that pressure transfer can take place between the second and third separation diaphragms. The pressure sensor can be adapted to measure differential pressure or absolute pressure.
    [020] In another aspect, the invention provides a method for the recovery of a recoverable pressure sensor, as defined above, the method comprises reducing the pressure in the first cavity, until the second and third separation diaphragms are no longer in pressure communication, the pressure being reduced by receiving fluid in the additional volume of the first cavity, and pulling out the outside of the pressure sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [021] In the following, the realizations of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: - FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a recoverable pressure sensor structure; FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a lower part of the sensor structure of FIG. 1, with the lower part of the sensor structure being constituted by a pressure transfer arrangement facing a pressure to be measured; FIG. 3 shows the pressure sensor structure of FIG. 1, with FIG. 3a being an enlarged section of the area where an external part of the sensor structure is in contact with pressure transfer with the pressure pad, while FIG. 3b shows a larger section showing the two separation diaphragms providing the pressure transfer contact; FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of a recoverable pressure sensor structure, according to a further embodiment of the invention; FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section of a recoverable pressure sensor structure, according to a further embodiment of the invention; FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section of a recoverable pressure sensor structure, according to a further embodiment of the invention; FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the recoverable pressure sensor structure shown in FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of the recoverable pressure sensor structure shown in FIG. 5, according to an embodiment of the invention, and - FIG. 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the recoverable pressure sensor structure shown in FIG. 4, according to an embodiment of the invention. DESCRIPTION OF REALIZATIONS OF THE INVENTION
    [022] Realizations of the invention will be described below. Corresponding or similar elements are indicated with the same reference numbers in all drawings.
    [023] FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a recoverable pressure sensor positioned in a hole in a wall of the tube 1 for in situ measurement of the pressure of a process fluid in the tube. The pressure sensor can also be positioned in an opening in a chamber wall to measure the pressure of a process fluid in a chamber. The pressure sensor element is located at a distance from the measurement area and arranged outside the pipe wall. Pressure transfer is carried out by means of separation diaphragms and pressure transfer fluid provided at the rear and between the separation diaphragms, and in pressure communication of the process fluid in the tube.
    [024] The pressure sensor structure of FIG. 1 is comprised of a part of the external pressure sensor on which the sensor element 4 is positioned, and a lower pressure transfer part (pressure pad) 2 positioned so as to confront the process fluid to be measured. The pressure sensor part and the pressure transfer period 2 are positioned in a closely adjacent relationship, so that the pressure transfer can be carried out by means of separation diaphragms and pressure transfer fluid. The pressure transfer part 2 is sealingly attached to a tube wall and remains in place when the sensor part is removed. The pressure transfer part 2 can be hermetically welded to a tube 1 or fixed by means of a flange or otherwise, in order to ensure a sealing fixation against the wall of the tube and the process fluid inside the tube.
    [025] The pressure transfer part (pressure pad) 2 has a separation diaphragm at each end. The diaphragms can be the same or different. Each separation diaphragm has an associated diaphragm seat. Both diaphragm seats are provided with seating holes small enough for the respective diaphragms to fully secure the respective seats and then be able to withstand all process fluid pressure 3 and ambient pressure, respectively. Typically, the holes / openings in the diaphragm seat are of the same order of magnitude as the thickness of the separation diaphragms. A typical thickness for the separation diaphragms is 0.05 mm and a typical diameter of the openings / holes is 0.25 mm. The pressure transfer part is exposed to ambient pressure when the pressure sensor part is removed.
    [026] The pressure sensor structure with the pressure transfer part provides a narrow barrier in place on the tube. The fixation of the external part of the pressure sensor and an internal part of pressure transfer, as well as the replacement procedures, will be explained later.
    [027] FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a lower part of the sensor structure of FIG. 1, which is in communication with the fluid in the tube, in which the pressure must be measured, as well as the area where the external part of the pressure sensor and the internal part of pressure transfer come into contact.
    [028] The internal pressure transfer part, or pressure pad, is constituted, as seen from the innermost component facing the process fluid to the contact area, a diaphragm 5, with a supporting surface diaphragm underlay / seat 11 for the diaphragm, a hydraulic tube / orifice 7, a support surface 12a for a second diaphragm 8a, and the second diaphragm 8a. Diaphragm 5 provides a barrier against the process fluid, and constitutes a so-called "process diaphragm" separating the internal pressure transfer medium from the ambient pressure sensor from the external process. Inside, the process diaphragm 5 has a first concave support surface against which it is possible to support and which prevents the process diaphragm from breaking if the pressure of the process fluid becomes too high. In the first concave support surface 11, there is an opening into the hydraulic tube 7. The hydraulic tube 7 leads to a second opening in a second concave support surface 12a for the second diaphragm 8a. The second separation diaphragm 8a is exposed to ambient pressure when the outside of the pressure sensor is removed. The process diaphragm 5 and the second diaphragm 8a on the contact surface with the external sensor element, with the first and second supporting surfaces and hydraulic tube 7, define a first cavity containing a pressure transfer fluid. The pressure transfer fluid can be a hydraulic fluid, such as hydraulic oil, for example.
    [029] In succession, the external pressure sensor part consists of a third diaphragm 8b, a third concave support surface / diaphragm seat 12b for the third diaphragm, a second hydraulic tube / orifice 10 in the third diaphragm, with the tube leading to the pressure sensor assembly in cavity 4. The third diaphragm 8b on the contact surface with the internal pressure transfer part, with the third supporting surface 12b, tube 7, and an outer limit of the pressure sensor assembly pressure, form a second cavity containing a pressure transfer fluid. The pressure transfer fluid can be a hydraulic fluid, such as hydraulic oil, for example. The second cavity is in pressure communication with a pressure sensor 4. The outermost part of the pressure sensor part may be in the form of a flange section, in order to also provide a seal around the outer end of the opening the tube wall.
    [030] The second 8a and third diaphragms 8b are fixed to their respective supporting surfaces by means of closures, such that an outer section 9a, 9b of these diaphragms support against and come into contact with a corresponding section 9a, 9b of the surfaces underlying support all the time. Preferably, the outer parts 9a, 9b of the diaphragms are annular. This prevents the external parts of the separation diaphragm from losing contact with the diaphragm seat / seat surface. The locks can be in the form of screws with underlying springs. The separation diaphragm consists of a thin sheet, and the existence of a hydraulic pressure differential across the separation diaphragm is avoided, so that no breakage occurs. The diaphragms used in the present invention can be of the type described in the applicant's own patent application N020093171, which is incorporated herein by reference, but they can also be other types of separation diagrams. Diaphragms 8a and 8b, in contact with each other and forming the transfer surface between the internal and external sensor parts have complementary geometric shapes. Process diaphragm 5, however, may differ from diaphragms 8a and 8b on the contact surface.
    [031] One third of volume 6 surrounds the second and third diaphragms in the contact area for the internal and external parts of the recoverable sensor. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the third volume is annular. This annular volume can be closed and sealed by an O-ring (O-ring), for example, or another sealing device. The annular volume can also be opened 13 so that the fluid can be injected as shown in FIG. 4. In underwater use, the fluid may be sea water from the surroundings. When the ring volume is opened, volume pressure 6 is adjustable. This pressure adjustment can be used to recover the sensor in a controlled and safe way.
    [032] FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the recoverable pressure sensor in which a fourth volume 14 is provided in connection with the first cavity 7 of the pressure pad. This fourth cavity 14 is adapted to receive the pressure transfer fluid in the cavity 7, so as to allow the adjustment of the pressure of the transfer fluid in the cavity 7. The fourth cavity 14 can be delimited by a pressure adjustment mechanism, such as shown in FIG. 5. In FIG. 5, this pressure adjustment mechanism includes a diaphragm in association with a cavity in which the pressure is controllable. This pressure adjustment can be used to recover the sensor in a controlled and safe way. The cavity can be isolated from the surroundings. The annular volume 6 of FIG. 5, which encloses the second and third diaphragms in the contact area of the internal and external parts of the recoverable sensor, can be closed and sealed by an O-ring (O-ring), for example, or another sealing device.
    [033] In the further embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, comprising a fourth cavity 14 adapted to receive the pressure transfer fluid from the cavity 7, as well as an opening 13 in the annular volume 6 for injecting water from the surroundings. Thus, in this embodiment, the pressure adjustment in the annular volume 6 and in the cavity 7 is used to recover the sensor in a controlled and safe way.
    [034] The pressure pad is shaped to be able to withstand a large pressure difference between the process fluid pressure 3 and the third volume 6. This prevents the pressure pad from breaking when the pressure sensor ( that is, the part containing volume 4) is removed. When the pressure sensor is positioned on the tube wall, the pressure sensor is provided with a polarizing force that presses the two diaphragms 8a and 8b together so that the pressure transfer can be carried out and the process pressure measured. This polarizing force is sufficiently high to prevent the pressure of the surface 9a on the outer surface 9a from becoming zero, even at the highest possible pressure in process 3.
    [035] Pressure sensor 4 measures the pressure of the process fluid in tube 3, when the pressure in the third volume 6 is less than the pressure of the process fluid.
    [036] Pressure sensor 4 measures the highest process fluid pressure and the pressure in the third volume 6. This can be used for calibration.
    [037] The present invention relates to a recoverable pressure sensor construction, where the recoverable pressure sensor part is arranged at a distance from the pressure transfer diaphragm 5, which is provided to confront the process fluid 3, when the pressure must be measured. Figures 7, 8 and 9 show embodiments of the invention for constructions of the recoverable pressure sensor which are shown in Figures 1, 5 and 4 accordingly. The outside of the sensor can be arranged a long distance from the internal pressure transfer part itself. Typical distances in an underwater installation can be up to 5-10 meters. The external part of the pressure sensor is arranged in an accessible panel, in an accessible wall or similar to the subsea installation so that the recoverable pressure sensor unit is accessible for maintenance and replacement for the use of a VOR.
    [038] The outside of the sensor can be arranged in a flange device or fixed in another way to guarantee a sealing fixation. The outer part of the sensor 17 can be sealingly attached to a hole in the flange 16. An outer part 21 of the pressure transfer pad is sealingly attached to the hole in the flange on the access panel and remains in place when the external sensor 17 with the pressure sensor element 4 is removed. An internal part 22 of the pressure transfer element 2 is sealably attached to a flange on the tube / chamber wall where the process pressure is to be measured. The pressure transfer part is therefore sealingly attached to the external accessible panel and to the tube wall at the measuring point itself, and constitutes a sealing barrier against the surroundings.
    [039] The pressure transfer part 2 is provided with a capillary tube 15 that connects the inner part 22 and the outer part 21 of the pressure transfer element. The volume of the capillary tube 15 is small, so that the pressure is transferred correctly between the inner part 22 and the outer part 21 of the pressure pad 2. The capillary tube forms a part of the first cavity 7 and is filled accordingly. pressure transfer fluid.
    [040] The pressure transfer pad in one embodiment is divided into two. In this embodiment, the capillary tube is sealably welded to the hydraulic tube / hole 7 on the inside 22 and on the outside 21, accordingly, of the pressure pad and constitutes a connection channel between the hydraulic tube / hole 7 on the inside and external. The capillary tube is made of corrosion resistant material, for example, stainless steel or Inconel. The capillary tube can also be surrounded by a protective cover / coating.
    [041] In an alternative embodiment, the pressure transfer part 2 follows from the external wall and to the measurement point in the tube / chamber with the process fluid. The capillary tube is arranged inside the long pressure transfer element 2 and connects to the hydraulic tube / hole on the outside 21 and inside 22. Only the capillary tube itself is shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9.
    [042] As in the embodiments of Figures 1-6, the pressure pad in embodiments 7, 8 and 9 were designed to withstand large pressure differences between the pressure in the process fluid 3 and the third volume 6. This prevents the pressure pad is destroyed when the pressure sensor (ie the part comprising the available volume of 4) is removed. When the pressure sensor is arranged in place on the accessible panel, the pressure sensor is provided with a prestressing force by pressing the two diaphragms 8a and 8b together, so that a pressure transfer occurs, and the pressure is measured. This prestressing force is sufficiently high that the surface pressure on the outer surface 9a never becomes zero, even at the highest possible process pressure 3.
    [043] In the embodiment shown in Figure 8, an adjustable volume is provided to receive the pressure transfer fluid in the first cavity 7 in the pressure transfer pad 2. In the embodiment shown in Figure 9, an adjustable volume is provided in connection with annular volume 6. Adjustable volumes are used to control pressure in the first cavity and annular volume 6 accordingly, and are used in connection with recovery and calibration, which will be explained below. It is also possible to provide the achievements shown in Figures 8 and 9 with other adjustable volumes, both to control the pressure in the first cavity and the annular volume, which is previously shown in Figure 6.
    [044] Methods for replacing (recovering) the pressure sensor.
    [045] The pressure sensor can be pulled out, in the event that the pressure of the transfer oil 7 is less than the pressure in the third cavity 6. It is sufficient that the pressures in the third cavity 6 and the first cavity 7 are equal or that a small pressure difference exists, where the first cavity 7 has a slightly lower pressure than the third cavity 6. This pressure difference can be of the order of millibars. The order of magnitude of the pressure difference can be allowed to be in the range of 10 mbar, that is, 1-100 mbar.
    [046] In the contact area, the second separation diaphragm 8a is flat or pressed against its diaphragm seat, when the external pressure sensor assembly with the third separation diaphragm 8b is pulled out, in order to prevent the rupture of the second separation diaphragm 8a. FIGS. 3a and 3b are enlarged sections of contact area for the separation diaphragms 8a and 8b. In FIG. 3b, the separation diaphragms are parallel and flat, and therefore in a position that allows the assembly of the external pressure sensor to be pulled out.
    [047] If the second separation diaphragm 8a ruptures, the diaphragm of process 5 will constitute a barrier against the process fluid. The process diaphragm 5 and the associated first support surface are shaped so that diaphragm 5 can fully support against the support surface and, consequently, be able to withstand extremely high pressures, up to 2000 bar, without breaking.
    [048] In one embodiment, it is possible to provide the pressure transfer arrangement with an additional double diaphragm assembly between the diaphragm process 5 and the first separation diaphragm 8a. Such a design will provide a double barrier system.
    [049] The pressure sensor can be replaced in several alternative ways, as explained below.
    [050] A first alternative is to reduce the pressure of the process fluid 3 until it is less than the pressure in the third cavity 6. This requires, however, that the process pressure can be adjusted.
    [051] A second alternative method includes increasing the pressure in the third cavity / volume 6 until it is greater than that of the process fluid 3. There is only a small space between the pressure sensor and the tube wall, so that the pressure in the third cavity 6 can be increased by means of a pressure connection 13, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. When the pressure in the transfer oil 7 is less than the pressure in the third cavity 6, this fluid pressure will provide a fractionation of the separation diaphragms 8a and 8b. When the pressure in the third cavity 6 is higher than the pressure of the process fluid 3 and therefore also inside the cavity 7, the pressure sensor is pulled out slightly in a controlled manner. At the same time, in this intermediate position, a large hydraulic force will act on the sensor. After the pressure sensor has been pulled out a little, the pressure in the third volume 6 is released (the pressure is reduced), and the entire outer part of the sensor can later be pulled out. The internal pressure transfer / pressure pad 2 will remain in place on the tube wall and seal against the process fluid. The insertion of a new pressure sensor is obtained by reversing the above process. In a controlled way, the pressure sensor is introduced almost in the way, the pressure in the third cavity / volume is increased, the pressure sensor is pushed in place against the pressure pad 2, and the pressure in the third cavity is reduced to a pressure that is less than the process pressure.
    [052] The increase in pressure in the third cavity 6 to a higher level than the process fluid 3 can also be used to calibrate the pressure sensor in a process pressure range upwards.
    [053] A third alternative method includes the introduction of a variable volume 14, as shown in FIG. 5, in connection with the first volume 7 of the pressure pad 2. This variable volume 14 makes it possible to reduce the pressure of the transfer oil inside the first volume 7. In this alternative, the arrangement, introducing the variable volume and, consequently, the variable pressure in the first volume 7, maintains the pressure in the first volume 7, so that the sensor can be used, and reduces the pressure in volume 7, so that the sensor can be operated and reduces the pressure in volume 7 , so that the external pressure assembly can be removed. The insertion of a new pressure sensor is obtained by reversing the above process. The pressure sensor is pushed in a controlled manner all the way to the pressure pad and fixed. The pressure of the transfer oil in the first volume 7 is then increased to the operating pressure. This realization can be used to calibrate the pressure sensor in the process pressure range and down pressure.
    [054] Any combinations of the above alternatives are also possible.
    [055] The pressure test and / or the calibration device and method are applicable for both differential pressure sensors and absolute pressure measurement sensors. The exemplary achievements shown in the drawings and described above are shown and explained by a sensor for measuring absolute pressure. The pressure pad and the pressure sensor structure, as well as the methods for recovering the sensor according to the invention, are also applicable for differential pressure sensors. For this case, the only difference is that at least two pressure sensor structures are arranged in connection with each other and are connected to measure the differential pressure.
    [056] The replacement (recovery) of the pressure sensor in the configurations shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9 is carried out in the same way as the pressure sensor in configurations 1-6, and which is described above. The outer part of the pressure sensor and the outer part 21 of the pressure pad 2 are, however, connected on the flange 16 on the outer panel / wall and not on the tube wall itself. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [057] In a measurement situation, the structure of the pressure sensor shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 will detect the process pressure Pp of the process fluid 3, on the condition that the pressure Ps (control pressure) in the fourth volume 7 is greater than the process pressure.
    [058] The pressure sensor can be tested in situ, in order to verify that it is intact and still measures the correct pressure. The test is performed to the extent that the control pressure is less than or equal to the process pressure. When the pressure in the fourth volume 7 is less than the pressure of the process fluid, the measuring pressure P1 detected by the sensor corresponds to the pressure Ps in the fourth volume 7. When testing a known pressure, it is used as control pressure PS, and consequently, the sensor is intact if the measured pressure corresponds to the applied control pressure. The calibration of the sensor can be performed using different known values for the control pressure, which is detected by the sensor. The measured pressure values are compared with the applied pressures. This realization can be used to calibrate the pressure sensor in the process pressure range and down pressure.
    [059] In another embodiment, the structure of the pressure sensor shown in FIG. 6 can be used to calibrate and test the pressure sensor over a range of process pressure and up pressure. This requires that the second control pressure, Pr, which can be applied to the entire annular volume 6, thus dividing the separation diaphragms 8a and 8b, be defined as greater than or equal to the process pressure Ps. In this configuration (FIG. 6), pressure sensor 4 will measure the pressure in the annular volume 6 and can therefore be used to calibrate and test the pressure sensor in a pressure range / pressure range of the process pressure and to up. The measured pressure values are compared with the applied pressures Pr.
    [060] Such a device can be advantageously used for sensors operating on the seabed in related oil applications. These sensors are subject to strict requirements for operational safety and robustness, and the costs associated with replacing the sensor are high. Tests and possibly the calibration of the sensor can be easily carried out by performing a VOR on the installation and reducing the Ps control pressure to known pressure values in a controlled manner, while the pressure is detected by the sensor 4. The measured pressures are compared with the applied pressures. An example of a known pressure value that can be used could be the pressure of the ocean depth at the location of the sensor. Such a test can extend the operating life of the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is then replaced only when it really doesn't work anymore, rather than being replaced after a predetermined number of years.
    [061] The use of a closed hydraulic tube and, optionally, a diaphragm in connection with the Ps control pressure creates a closed pressure test structure that meets the strict regulations of zero discharge requirements in subsea oil applications.
    [062] An example of such a structure is shown in FIG. 5.
    [063] The test and calibration, according to the above achievements, can be performed at small intervals within a large test and calibration interval. Calibration and testing can be performed continuously over one or more pressure / interval ranges, or at points within one or more pressure / interval ranges.
    [064] In subsea oil and gas applications, the process pressure, and thus also the control pressure, is often in the order of a few hundred bars, while the equipment and, consequently, also the sensors pressure are designed to withstand up to 1000 bar. The structure of the pressure sensor, according to the present invention, is capable of detecting small pressure changes of magnitude of 1 mbar.
    [065] The calibration and testing of the pressure sensor in the configurations shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9 are carried out in the same way as the pressure sensor in configurations 1-6, and are described above. The outer part of the pressure sensor and the outer part 21 of the pressure pad 2 are, however, connected on the flange 16 on the outer panel / wall and not on the tube wall itself.
    [066] Several other modifications and variants are also contemplated within the scope of the invention, as defined by the attached patent claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (24)
    [0001]
    1. RECOVERABLE PRESSURE SENSOR, for measuring in situ pressure in a process fluid (3) in the tube / chamber, the pressure sensor being characterized by: - a pressure transfer device (2) comprising: - a first device (22) to seal the connection in an opening in a wall of the tube / chamber, where the pressure must be measured, the first device comprising: - a first separation diaphragm (5) for the separation between the process fluid (3) and the pressure transfer fluid, - a second device (21) for fixing at a distance from the tube / chamber, where the pressure is to be measured, the second device comprising: - a second separation diaphragm (8a); and - a first cavity (7) containing a pressure transfer fluid (7) comprising a capillary tube for fixing the pressure transfer between the first device and the second device, and wherein the pressure sensor further comprises: - a external sensor part which has a pressure sensor element (4), in which the external sensor part is fixed at a distance from the tube / chamber, where the pressure must be measured, the external part of the sensor comprising: - a second cavity (10) containing a pressure transfer fluid in pressure communication with the pressure sensor element (4), - a third separation diaphragm (8b) limiting the second cavity, the third separation diaphragm (8b) ) configured for pressure communication with the second separation diaphragm (8a) for pressure transfer between the pressure transfer fluid in the cavity (7) and the pressure transfer fluid in the second cavity (10), and - a third volume (6) around the second and third separation diaphragms (8a, 8b) when the second and third separation diaphragms (8a, 8b) are in pressure communication.
    [0002]
    PRESSURE SENSOR according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the pressure in the volume (6) is adjustable.
    [0003]
    PRESSURE SENSOR according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the volume (6) is adapted for the injection of fluid.
    [0004]
    PRESSURE SENSOR according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it also comprises a first support surface (11) for the first separation diaphragm (5), the first support surface (11) having an opening into the cavity (7).
    [0005]
    PRESSURE SENSOR according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises a second support surface (12a) for the second separation diaphragm (8a), the second support surface having an opening for the cavity (7).
    [0006]
    6. PRESSURE SENSOR, according to claim 5, characterized in that the external part (9) of the second separation diaphragm (8a) is fixed to the second support surface (12a) by means of locks, so that the external part ( 9a) support and make contact with a corresponding part of the second support surface.
    [0007]
    PRESSURE SENSOR according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a third support surface (12b) for the third separation diaphragm (8a), the third support surface having an opening for the second cavity (10).
    [0008]
    PRESSURE SENSOR, according to claim 7, characterized in that the second external part (9b) of the third separation diaphragm (8b) is fixed to the third support surface (12b) by means of locks, so that the second external part (9b) support and make contact with a corresponding external part of the third support surface.
    [0009]
    PRESSURE SENSOR according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pressure sensor is provided with a polarizing force that presses the second and third separation diaphragms (8a, 8b) together, so that pressure transfer can occur between the second (8a) and third (8b) separation diaphragms.
    [0010]
    PRESSURE SENSOR according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a fourth volume (14) in association with the first cavity (7), the additional volume (14) being configured to receive the transfer fluid pressure of the first cavity (7).
    [0011]
    11. PRESSURE SENSOR, according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the pressure sensor is configured to measure a differential pressure.
    [0012]
    PRESSURE SENSOR, according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the pressure sensor is configured to measure an absolute pressure.
    [0013]
    13. RECOVERABLE PRESSURE SENSOR, for measuring in situ pressure in a process fluid (3) in the tube / chamber, the pressure sensor being characterized by: - a pressure transfer device (2) comprising: - a first device (22) for sealing the connection in an opening in a wall of the tube / chamber, where the pressure must be measured, the first device comprising: - a first separation diaphragm (5) for the separation between the process fluid (3 ) and the pressure transfer fluid, and - a second device (21) for fixing at a distance from the tube / chamber, where the pressure is to be measured, the second device comprising: - a second separation diaphragm (8a) ; and - a first cavity (7) containing a pressure transfer fluid (7) comprising a capillary tube for a pressure transfer fixation between the first device (22) and the second device (21), - a part of the external sensor which has a pressure sensor element (4), in which the external sensor part is fixed at a distance from the tube / chamber, where the pressure must be measured, the external part of the sensor comprising: - a second cavity (10) containing a pressure transfer fluid in pressure communication with the pressure sensor element (4), - a third separation diaphragm (8b) limiting the second cavity, the third separation diaphragm (8b) being configured for pressure communication with the second separation diaphragm (8a) for transferring pressure between the pressure transfer fluid in the cavity (7) and the pressure transfer fluid in the second cavity (10), and - an additional volume (14) in connection with the first cavida of (7), the additional volume (14) being configured to receive the pressure transfer fluid from the first cavity (7).
    [0014]
    PRESSURE SENSOR, according to claim 13, characterized in that it also comprises a first support surface (11) for the first separation diaphragm (5), the first support surface (11) having an opening for the cavity ( 7).
    [0015]
    PRESSURE SENSOR according to any one of claims 13 to 14, characterized in that it further comprises a second support surface (12a) for the second separation diaphragm (8a), the second support surface having an opening for the cavity (7).
    [0016]
    16. PRESSURE SENSOR, according to claim 15, characterized in that the external part (9) of the second separation diaphragm (8a) is fixed to the second support surface (12a) by means of locks, so that the external part ( 9a) support and make contact with a corresponding part of the second support surface.
    [0017]
    17. PRESSURE SENSOR according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that it comprises a third support surface (8a) for the third support surface having an opening for the second cavity (10).
    [0018]
    18. PRESSURE SENSOR, according to claim 17, characterized in that the second external part (9b) of the third separation diaphragm (8b) is fixed to the third supporting surface (12b) by means of locks, so that the second part outer (9b) support and make contact with a corresponding outer part of the third support surface.
    [0019]
    19. PRESSURE SENSOR according to any one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that the pressure sensor is provided with a polarizing force that presses the second and third separation diaphragms (8a, 8b) together, so that the transfer pressure may occur between the second (8a) and third (8b) separation diaphragms.
    [0020]
    20. PRESSURE SENSOR, according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that the pressure sensor is configured to measure a differential pressure.
    [0021]
    21. PRESSURE SENSOR, according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that the pressure sensor is configured to measure the absolute pressure.
    [0022]
    22. METHOD FOR RECOVERING A RECOVERABLE PRESSURE SENSOR, as defined in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of: - increasing the pressure in the third volume (6) until it is greater than that of the process fluid (3), - pull out the external pressure sensor part in a controlled way until the second and third separation diaphragms (8a, 8b) are not in pressure communication, - pressure reduction in the third volume (6) to an equal pressure or lower than the process pressure, and - removed from the outside of the pressure sensor.
    [0023]
    23. METHOD FOR THE RECOVERY OF A RECOVERABLE PRESSURE SENSOR, as defined in claim 1, in which the recoverable pressure sensor also includes a quarter of the volume (14) in association with the first cavity (7), the method being characterized by understand the steps of: - pressure reduction in the first cavity (7), until the second and third separation diaphragms (8a, 8b) are not in pressure communication, with the pressure being reduced by receiving fluid in the fourth volume (14) from the first cavity (7), and - removed from the outside of the pressure sensor.
    [0024]
    24. METHOD FOR RECOVERING A RECOVERABLE PRESSURE SENSOR, as defined in claim 13, characterized by comprising the steps of: - pressure reduction in the first cavity (7), until the second and third separation diaphragms (8a, 8b) are not in pressure communication, with the pressure being reduced by receiving fluid in the additional volume (14) of the first cavity (7), and - removing the outside of the pressure sensor.
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    法律状态:
    2019-11-19| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-04-14| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-10-20| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 07/09/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NO20111218A|NO20111218A1|2011-09-08|2011-09-08|Retractable pressure sensor|
    NO20111218|2011-09-08|
    PCT/NO2012/050170|WO2013036144A2|2011-09-08|2012-09-07|Retrievable pressure sensor|
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