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    • 专利摘要:
    FLOW FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM BELOW AND FLOW FLUID CONTROL METHOD BELOW. A borehole fluid flow control system includes a fluidic module (150) having a main fluid path (152), a valve (162) and a bridged network. The valve (162) has a first position where fluid flow through the main fluid path (152) is allowed and a second position where fluid flow through the main fluid path (152) is restricted. The bridged network has first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) each having a common fluid inlet (166, 168) and a common fluid outlet (170, 172) with the main fluid path (152) and each including two fluid flow resistors (174, 176, 180, 182) with a pressure outlet terminal (178, 184) positioned between them. In operation, the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals (178, 184) of the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) moves the valve (162) between the first and second positions.
    公开号:BR112014004425B1
    申请号:R112014004425-2
    申请日:2012-08-05
    公开日:2020-12-01
    发明作者:Michael Linley Fripp；Jason D. Dykstra；John Charles Gano；Luke William Holderman
    申请人:Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] [001] This invention relates, in general, to equipment used in conjunction with operations performed in underground wells and, in particular, to a system and method for controlling the flow of bore fluid below that are operable to control the inlet flow of formation fluids and the outflow of injection streams with a fluidic module having a bridged network. Prior art
    [0002] [002] Without limiting the scope of the present invention, its background will be described with reference to the production of fluid from an underground formation presenting hydrocarbons, as an example.
    [0003] [003] During the completion of a well that crosses an underground formation with hydrocarbons, the production pipe and various completion equipment are installed in the well to allow the safe and efficient production of the formation fluids. For example, to avoid the production of particulate material from an unconsolidated or loosely consolidated underground formation, certain completions include one or more sets of sand control screens positioned close to the desired production interval or intervals. In other completions, to control the flow rate of production fluids into the production pipeline, it is common practice to install one or more flow control devices within the pipeline column.
    [0004] [004] Attempts have been made to use fluid flow control devices within completions requiring sand control. For example, in certain sets of sand control sieves, after the production fluids flow through the filter medium, the fluids are directed to a flow control section. The flow control section can include one or more flow control components such as flow tubes, nozzles, mazes or the like. Typically, the production flow rate through these flow control screens is fixed prior to installation by the number and design of the flow control components.
    [0005] [005] It has been found, however, that due to changes in the formation pressure and changes in the formation fluid composition during the life of the well, it may be desirable to adjust the flow control characteristics of the flow control sections. In addition, for certain completions, such as long horizontal completions having numerous production intervals, it may be desirable to independently control the flow of input of production fluids into each of the production intervals. Additionally, in some completions, it would be desirable to adjust the flow control characteristics of the flow control sections without the requirement for well intervention.
    [0006] [006] Consequently, a need arose for a flow control sieve that is operable to control the flow of incoming fluids from the formation at a completion requiring sand control. A need has also arisen for flow control screens that are operable to independently control the flow of incoming production fluids from multiple production intervals. In addition, a need has arisen that such flow control sieves are operable to control the inflow of production fluids without the requirement of intervention in the well since the composition of the fluids produced within specific intervals changes over time. Summary of the invention
    [0007] [007] The present invention disclosed here comprises a fluid flow control system down the bore to control fluid production in completions requiring sand control. In addition, the bore fluid flow control system below the present invention is operable to independently control the flow of production fluids within multiple production intervals without the requirement of intervention in the well as the composition of the fluids produced within specific intervals it changes over time.
    [0008] [008] In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a downstream fluid flow control system. The borehole fluid flow control system includes a fluidic module having a bridged network with first and second derived fluid paths each including at least one fluid flow resistor and a pressure outlet terminal. The pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths is operable to control the flow of fluid through the fluid module.
    [0009] [009] In one configuration, each of the first and second derived fluid paths includes at least two fluid flow resistors. In this configuration, the pressure output terminals of each derived fluid path can be positioned between the two fluid flow resistors. Also, in this configuration, the two fluid flow resistors of each fluid flow path can have different responses to a fluid property such as fluid viscosity, fluid density, fluid composition or the like. In certain configurations, the first and second derived fluid paths can each have a common fluid inlet and a common fluid outlet with a main fluid path. In such configurations, the ratio of the fluid flow rate between the main fluid path and the derived fluid paths can be between about 5 to 1 and about 20 to 1 and is preferably greater than 10 to 1.
    [0010] [0010] In one configuration, the fluidic module can include a valve having first and second positions. In the first position, the valve is operable to allow fluid to flow through the main fluid path. In the second position, the valve is operable to prevent fluid flow through the main fluid path. In this configuration, the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths is operable to move the valve between the first and second positions. In some configurations, the fluidic module may have an injection mode where the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths created by an injection fluid outlet flow displaces the valve to open the path main fluid flow and a production mode where the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths created by a production fluid inlet flow displaces the valve to close the main fluid path.
    [0011] [0011] In other configurations, the fluidic module may have a first production mode where the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths created by an inlet flow of a desired fluid displaces the valve to open the main fluid path and a second production mode where the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths created by an incoming flow of unwanted fluid displaces the valve to close the path of main fluid. In either of these configurations, fluid flow resistors can be selected from the group consisting of nozzles, vortex chambers, flow tubes, fluid selectors and matrix chambers.
    [0012] [0012] In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a flow control screen. The flow control screen includes a base tube with an internal passage, a smooth tube section and a perforated section. A filter medium is positioned around the smooth tube section of the base tube. A housing is positioned around the base tube defining a fluid flow path between the filter medium and the internal passage. At least one fluidic module is disposed within the fluid flow path. The fluidic module has a bridged network with the first and second derived fluid paths each including at least one fluid flow resistor and a pressure outlet terminal such that a pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths are operable to control fluid flow through the fluid module.
    [0013] [0013] In a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a flow control system for bore fluid below. The borehole fluid flow control system includes a fluidic module having a main fluid path, a valve and a bridged network. The valve has a first position where fluid flow through the main fluid path is allowed and a second position where fluid flow through the main fluid path is restricted. The bridged network has first and second derived fluid paths each including two fluid flow resistors with a pressure outlet terminal positioned between them. A pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths is operable to move the valve between the first and second positions.
    [0014] [0014] In yet another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of controlling the flow of bore fluid below. The method includes positioning a fluid flow control system at a target location down the hole, the fluid flow control system including a fluid module having a main fluid path, a valve and a bridged network with the first and second derived fluid paths each having a common fluid inlet and a common fluid outlet with the main fluid path and each including two fluid flow resistors with a pressure outlet terminal positioned between them; producing a desired fluid through the fluidic module; generating a first pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths which press the valve towards a first position where fluid flow through the main fluid path is allowed; producing an unwanted fluid through the fluidic module; and generating a second pressure difference between the outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths which moves the valve from the first position to a second position where fluid flow through the main fluid path is restricted.
    [0015] [0015] The method also includes pressing the valve towards the first responsive position to produce a forming fluid containing at least a predetermined amount of the desired fluid, moving the valve from the first position to the second responsive position to produce a formation containing at least a predetermined amount of the unwanted fluid or send a signal to the surface indicating that the valve has moved from the first position to the second position. Brief description of the drawings
    [0016] [0016] For a more complete understanding of the characteristics and advantages of the present invention, reference is now made to the detailed description of the invention together with the attached figures in which corresponding numerals in the different figures refer to corresponding parts and in which:
    [0017] [0017] Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a well system operating a plurality of flow control screens according to a configuration of the present invention;
    [0018] [0018] Figures 2A-2B are sectional views of fourth parts of successive axial sections of a bore fluid flow control system configured in a flow control screen according to a configuration of the present invention;
    [0019] [0019] Figure 3 is a top view of the flow control section of a flow control sieve with the outer housing removed according to a configuration of the present invention;
    [0020] [0020] Figures 4A-B are schematic illustrations of a fluidic module according to a configuration of the present invention in first and second operational configurations;
    [0021] [0021] Figures 5A-B are schematic illustrations of a fluidic module according to a configuration of the present invention in first and second operational configurations;
    [0022] [0022] Figures 6A-B are schematic illustrations of a fluidic module according to a configuration of the present invention in first and second operational configurations; and
    [0023] [0023] Figures 7A-F are schematic illustrations of fluid flow resistors for use in a fluidic module in accordance with various configurations of the present invention. Detailed description of the invention
    [0024] [0024] Although the production and use of various configurations of the present invention are discussed in detail below, it should be appreciated that the present invention provides many applicable inventive concepts that can be configured in a wide variety of specific contexts. The specific configurations discussed here are merely illustrative of specific modes and uses of the invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
    [0025] [0025] Referring initially to figure 1, there is represented a well system including a plurality of flow control systems for bore fluid below positioned in flow control screens configuring principles of the present invention which is schematically illustrated and is generally designated 10. In the illustrated configuration, a well hole 12 extends through the various strata of earth. The borehole 12 has a substantially vertical section 14, the upper portion of which has a coating column 16 cemented thereon. The borehole 12 also has a substantially horizontal section 18 that extends through an underground formation containing hydrocarbons 20. As illustrated, the substantially horizontal section 18 of the well hole 12 is an open hole.
    [0026] [0026] Positioned inside the well hole 12 and extending from the surface is a tubular column 22. The tubular column 22 provides a conduit for formation fluids to travel from formation 20 to the surface and for injection fluids to travel from the surface to formation 20. At its lower end, the tubular column 22 is coupled to a completion column that was installed in well bore 12 and divides the completion range into several production intervals adjacent to formation 20. The completion column includes a plurality of flow control screens 24, each of which is positioned between a pair of annular barriers represented as conditioners 26 that provide a fluid seal between the completion column and the well bore 12, thereby defining the intervals of production. In the illustrated configuration, the flow control screens 24 serve for the function of filtering particulate matter out of the production fluid stream. Each flow control screen 24 also has a flow control section that is operable to control fluid flow through it.
    [0027] [0027] For example, flow control sections may be operable to control the flow of a stream of production fluid during the production phase of well operations. Alternatively or in addition, the flow control sections can be operable to control the flow of an injection fluid stream during a treatment phase of well operations. As explained in more detail below, the flow control sections preferably control the flow of input of production fluids during the life of the well into each production interval without the requirement of intervention in the well as the composition of the fluids produced within specific intervals it changes over time to maximize the production of a desired fluid such as oil and to minimize the production of an unwanted fluid such as water or gas.
    [0028] [0028] Although figure 1 represents the flow control sieves of the present invention in an open bore environment, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is equally well suited for use in coated wells. Also, although figure 1 represents a flow control screen at each production interval, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any number of flow control screens of the present invention can be installed within a production interval without deviate from the principles of the present invention. In addition, although figure 1 represents the flow control sieves of the present invention in a horizontal section of the borehole, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is equally well suited for use in wells having other directional configurations including vertical wells, bypassed wells, inclined wells, multilateral wells and the like. Consequently, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the uses of directional terms such as above, below, top, bottom, up, down, left, right, hole above, hole below and the like are used in relation to illustrative configurations as they are represented in the figures, the upward direction being towards the top of the corresponding figure and the downward direction being towards the bottom of the corresponding figure, the hole direction above being towards the well surface and the hole direction below being towards the bottom of the well. Additionally, although figure 1 represents the flow control components associated with flow control screens in a tubular column, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the flow control components of the present invention do not need to be associated with a flow control sieve or be installed as part of the tubular column. For example, one or more flow control components can be installed and removably inserted into the center of the tubular column or lateral cavities in the tubular column.
    [0029] [0029] Referring next to figures 2A-2 a, there are successive axial sections of a flow control sieve according to the present invention which are represented and is generally designated 100. The flow control sieve 100 can be suitably coupled with other similar flow control screens, production conditioners, location nipples, production tubulars or other hole tools below to form a column of completions as described above. The flow control screen 100 includes a base tube 102 which has a smooth tube section 104 and a perforated section 106 including a plurality of production holes 108. Positioned around a hole portion above the smooth tube section 104 is a sieve element or filter means 112, such as an encapsulated wire sieve, an interlaced wire mesh sieve, a pre-sealed sieve or the like, with or without a cover positioned around it, designed to allow fluids to flow through it but prevent particulate matter of a predetermined size from flowing through it. It will be understood, however, by those skilled in the art that the present invention does not need to have a filter medium associated with it, therefore, the exact design of the filter medium is not critical to the present invention.
    [0030] [0030] Positioned hole below filter medium 112 is a sieve interface housing 114 that forms a tubular ring 116 with base tube 102. Connected firmly with the hole end below the sieve interface housing 114 is a control housing flow control 118. At its hole-down end, the flow control housing 118 is firmly connected to a support assembly 120 which is firmly coupled to the base tube 102. The various connections of the components of the flow control screen 100 can be produced from any suitable mode including welding, threading and the like as well as through the use of fasteners such as pins, pressure screws and the like. Positioned between the support assembly 120 and the flow control housing 118 are a plurality of fluidic modules 122, only one of which is visible in figure 2B. In the illustrated configuration, fluid modules 122 are distributed circumferentially over base tube 102 at one hundred and twenty degree intervals such that three fluid modules 122 are provided. Although a particular arrangement of fluid modules 122 has been described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that other numbers and arrangements of fluid modules 122 may be used. For example, a greater or lesser number of flow control components distributed circumferentially at uniform or non-uniform intervals can be used. Additionally or alternatively, fluidic modules 122 can be distributed longitudinally along the base tube 122.
    [0031] [0031] As discussed in more detail below, fluid modules 122 can be operable to control fluid flow in any direction through them. For example, during the production phase of well operations, the fluid flows from the formation into the production pipeline through the fluid flow control sieve 100. The production fluid, after being filtered through filter medium 112, becomes present, it flows into the tubular ring 116. The fluid then travels into an annular region 130 between the base tube 102 and the flow control housing 118 before entering the flow control section as further described below. The fluid then enters one or more inlets of fluid modules 122 where the desired flow operation occurs depending on the composition of the fluid produced. For example, if a desired fluid is produced, flow through fluid modules 122 is allowed. If an unwanted fluid is produced, flow through fluid modules 122 is restricted or substantially impeded. In the case of producing a desired fluid, the fluid is discharged through an opening 108 into the inner flow path 132 of the base tube 102 for production to the surface.
    [0032] [0032] As another example, during the treatment phase of well operations, a treatment fluid can be pumped down from the surface in the interior flow path 132 of the base tube 102. As it is typically desirable to inject the treatment fluid treatment at a flow rate much higher than the expected production flow rate, the present invention allows the injection trajectories to be opened without interventions that will subsequently close without intervention with the start of production. In this case, the treatment fluid enters fluidic modules 122 through openings 108 where the desired flow operation occurs and the injection paths are opened. The fluid then travels into the annular region 130 between the base tube 102 and the flow control housing 118 before entering the ring 130 between the base tube 102 and the flow control housing 118 before entering the tube ring 116 and pass through filter medium 112 for injection into the surrounding formation. When production begins, and fluid enters fluidic modules 122 from the annular region 130, the desired flow operation occurs and the injection paths are closed. In certain configurations, fluid modules 122 can be used to bypass filter medium 112 entirely during injection operations.
    [0033] [0033] Referring to figure 3, a flow control section of the flow control sieve 100 is represented illustrated. In the illustrated section, the support assembly 120 is firmly coupled to the base tube 102. The support assembly 120 is operable to receive and support three fluid modules 122. The fluid modules 122 illustrated can be formed from any number of components and may include a variety of fluid flow resistors as described in more detail below. The support assembly 120 is positioned on the base tube 102 such that fluid discharged from the fluid modules 122 during production will be circumferentially and longitudinally aligned with the openings 108 (see figure 2B) of the base tube 102. The support assembly 120 includes a plurality of channels for directing fluid flow between fluid modules 122 and annular region 130. Specifically, support assembly 120 includes a plurality of longitudinal channels 134 and a plurality of circumferential channels 136. Together, longitudinal channels 134 and circumferential channels 136 provide a path for fluid flow between the openings 138 of the fluid modules 122 and the annular region 130.
    [0034] [0034] Referring next to Figures 4A-4B, there is shown a schematic illustration of a fluid module of the present invention in its open and closed operating positions which is generally designated 150. Fluid module 150 includes a main fluid path 152 having an inlet 154 and an outlet 156. The main fluid path 152 provides the primary flow path for fluid transfer through fluid module 150. In the illustrated configuration, a pair of fluid flow resistors 158, 160 are positioned inside main fluid path 152. Fluid flow resistors 158, 160 can be of any suitable type, such as those described below, and are used to create a desired pressure drop in the fluid passing through main fluid path 152, which ensures the correct operation of the fluidic module 150.
    [0035] [0035] A valve 162 is positioned in relation to main fluid path 152 such that valve 162 has a first position where fluid flow through main fluid path 152 is allowed, as best seen in figure 4A, and a second position where fluid flow through main fluid path 152 is prevented, as best seen in figure 4B. In the illustrated configuration, valve 162 is a pressure operated slide valve. Although valve 162 is represented as a slide valve, those skilled in the art will understand that other types of pressure operated valves can alternatively be used in a fluid module of the present invention including sliding sleeves, ball valves, flap valves or the like. Also, although valve 162 is represented as having two positions; nominally open and closed positions, those skilled in the art will understand that valves operating in a fluidic module of the present invention may alternatively have two open positions with different levels of fluid strangulation or more than two positions such as an open position, one or more position of strangulation and a closed position.
    [0036] [0036] The fluidic module 150 includes a bridged network having two derived fluid paths 163, 164. In the illustrated configuration, the derived fluid path 163 has an inlet 166 from the main fluid path 152. Likewise, the derivative fluid path 164 has an inlet 168 from main fluid path 152. derivative fluid path 163 has an output 170 into main fluid path 152. Similarly, derivative fluid path 164 has an output 172 for within the main fluid path 152. As shown, the derived fluid paths 163, 164 are in fluid communication with the main fluid path 152, however, those skilled in the art will recognize that the derived fluid paths 163, 164 can alternatively be connected along a fluid path other than main fluid path 152 or be connected directly to one or more inputs and outputs of fluid module 150. In any such In configurations, the derived fluid paths 163, 164 will be considered to have common fluid inlets and fluid outlets common with the main fluid path as long as the derived fluid paths 163, 164 and the main fluid path 152 directly or indirectly share the same pressure sources, such as well bore pressure and pipeline pressure, or are otherwise connected fluidly. It should be noted that the fluid flow rate through the main fluid path 152 is typically much higher than the flow rate through the derived fluid paths 163, 164. For example, the ratio of the fluid flow rate between the path of main fluid 152 and the derived fluid paths 163, 164 can be between about 5 to 1 and about 20 to 1 and is preferably greater than 10 to 1.
    [0037] [0037] The derived fluid path 163 has two fluid flow resistors 174, 176 positioned in series with a pressure outlet terminal 178 positioned between them. Likewise, the derived fluid path 164 has two fluid flow resistors 180, 182 positioned in series with a pressure outlet terminal 184 positioned between them. Pressure from pressure outlet terminal 178 is routed to valve 162 via fluid path 186. Pressure from pressure outlet terminal 184 is higher than pressure at pressure outlet terminal 178, at valve 162 is forced into the open position, as best seen in figure 4A. Alternatively, if the pressure at the pressure outlet terminal 178 is higher than the pressure at the pressure outlet terminal 184, valve 162 is forced into the closed position, as best seen in figure 4B.
    [0038] [0038] The pressure difference between the pressure output terminals 178, 184 is created due to the differences in flow resistance and associated pressure drops in the various fluid flow resistors 174, 176, 180, 182. As shown, the bridged network can be described as two parallel taps each having two fluid flow resistors in series with a pressure outlet terminal between them. This configuration simulates the common Wheatstone bridge circuit. With this configuration, fluid flow resistors 174, 176, 180, 182 can be selected such that the flow of a desired fluid such as oil through fluid module 150 generates a differential pressure between the pressure outlet terminals 178, 184 which forces valve 162 into the open position and the flow of unwanted fluid such as water or gas through fluid module 150 generates a differential pressure between pressure outlet terminals 178, 184 which forces valve 162 into the closed position.
    [0039] [0039] For example, fluid flow resistors 174, 176, 180, 182 can be selected such that their resistance to flow will change or be dependent on a property of the fluid flowing through them such as fluid viscosity, fluid density, fluid composition, fluid speed, fluid pressure or the like. In the example discussed above where oil is the desired fluid and water or gas is the unwanted fluid, fluid flow resistors 174, 182 can be nozzles, such as those shown in figure 7A, and fluid flow resistors 176, 178 they can be vortex chambers, such as those shown in figure 7B. In this configuration, when the desired fluid, oil, seeps through the derived fluid path 163, it experiences a greater pressure drop in the fluid flow resistor 174, a nozzle, than in the fluid flow resistor 176, a vortex chamber . Likewise, as the desired fluid flows through the derived fluid path 164, it experiences a lower pressure drop in the fluid flow resistor 180, a vortex chamber, than in the fluid flow resistor 182, a nozzle . Since the total pressure drop across each derivative fluid path 163, 164 must be the same due to the common fluid inlets and common fluid outlets, the pressure at the pressure outlet terminals 178, 184 is different. In this case, the pressure at the pressure outlet terminal 178 is less than the pressure at the pressure outlet terminal 184, thus forcing valve 162 to the open position shown in figure 4A.
    [0040] [0040] Also, in this configuration, when the unwanted fluid, water or gas, seeps through the derived fluid path 163, it experiences a lower pressure drop in the fluid flow resistor 174, a nozzle, than in the flow resistor of fluid 176, a vortex chamber. Likewise, as the unwanted fluid seeps through the derived fluid path 164, it experiences a higher pressure drop in the fluid flow resistor 180, a vortex chamber, than in the fluid flow resistor 182, a beak. Since the total pressure drop across each derived fluid path 163, 164 must be the same, due to the common fluid inlets and common fluid outlets, the pressure at the fluid outlet terminals 178, 184 is different. In this case, the pressure at the pressure outlet terminal 178 is greater than the pressure at the pressure outlet terminal 184, thus forcing valve 163 to the closed position shown in figure 4B.
    [0041] [0041] Although particular fluid flow resistors have been described as being positioned in fluid module 150 as fluid flow resistors 174, 176, 180, 182, it should be clearly understood that other types and combinations of fluid flow resistors can be used to achieve fluid flow control through fluid module 150. For example, if oil is the desired fluid and water is the unwanted fluid, fluid flow resistors 174, 182 may include flow tubes, such as those shown in figure 7C or other tortuous flow resistors, and fluid flow resistors 176, 178 can be vortex chambers, such as those shown in figure 7B or fluidic diodes having other configurations. In another example, if oil is the desired fluid and gas the unwanted fluid, fluid flow resistors 174, 182 can be matrix chambers, such as those shown in Figure 7D where a chamber contains globules or other load resistant material fluid flow, and fluid flow resistors 176, 178 can be vortex chambers, such as those shown in Figure 7B. In yet another example, if oil or gas is the desired fluid and water is the unwanted fluid, fluid flow resistors 174, 182 can be fluid selectors that include a material that swells when it comes in contact with hydrocarbons, such as such as those shown in figures 7E, and fluid flow resistors 176, 178 can be fluid selectors that include a material that swells when it comes in contact with water, such as that shown in figure 7F. Alternatively, the fluid flow resistors of the present invention can include materials that are swellable in response to other stimulants such as pH, ionic concentration or the like.
    [0042] [0042] Although figures 4A-4B have been described as having the same types of fluid flow resistors in each derivative fluid path but in reverse order, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that other flow resistor configurations fluids that create the desired pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals are possible and are considered within the scope of the present invention. Also, although figures 4A-4B have been described as having two fluid flow resistors in each derived flow path, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that other configurations having more or less than two fluid flow resistors that create the desired pressure difference between the pressure output terminals are possible and are considered within the scope of the present invention.
    [0043] [0043] Referring next to figures 5A-5B, there is shown a schematic illustration of a fluidic module of the present invention in its open and closed operating positions which is generally designated 250. Fluidic module 250 includes a main fluid path 252 having an inlet 254 and an outlet 256. The main fluid path 252 provides the primary flow path for fluid transfer through fluid module 250. In the illustrated configuration, a pair of fluid flow resistors 258, 260 are positioned within the main fluid path 252. A valve 262 is positioned relative to the main fluid path 252 such that valve 262 has a first position where fluid flow through main fluid path 252 is allowed, as best seen in figure 5A , and a second position where fluid flow through the main fluid path 252 is prevented, as best seen in figure 5B. In the illustrated configuration, valve 262 is a pressure operated slide valve that is forced into the open position by a spring 264.
    [0044] [0044] Fluid module 250 includes a bridged network having two derived fluid paths 266, 268. In the illustrated configuration, derived fluid path 266 has an inlet 270 from main fluid path 252. Likewise, the derived fluid path 268 has an inlet 272 from main fluid path 252. derived fluid path 266 has an outlet 274 into main fluid path 252. Similarly, derived fluid path 268 has an outlet 27 6 into main fluid path 252. Derived fluid path 266 has two fluid flow resistors 278, 280 positioned in series with a pressure outlet terminal 282 positioned between them. Derived fluid path 268 has a pressure outlet terminal 284. Pressure from pressure outlet terminal 282 is routed to valve 262 via fluid path 286. Pressure from pressure outlet terminal 284 is routed to valve 262 via fluid path 288. As such, if the combination of the spring force and pressure force generated from the pressure outlet terminal 284 is higher than the pressure force generated from the terminal pressure outlet valve 282, valve 262 is forced into the open position, as best seen in figure 5A. Alternatively, if the pressure force generated from the pressure outlet terminal 282 is higher than the combination of the spring force and the pressure force generated from the pressure outlet terminal 284, valve 262 is forced to the closed position, as best seen in figure 5B.
    [0045] [0045] The pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals 282, 284 is created due to the differences in flow resistance and associated pressure drops in the fluid flow resistors 278, 280. With this configuration, the flow resistors of fluid 278, 280 can be selected such that the flow of a desired fluid such as oil through fluid module 250 generates a differential pressure between pressure outlet terminals 282, 284 which together with the spring force forces valve 262 to the open position shown in figure 5A. Likewise, the flow of an unwanted fluid such as water or gas through the fluid module 250 generates a differential pressure between the pressure outlet terminals 282, 284 which is sufficient to overcome the spring force and forces the valve 262 to the closed position shown in figure 5B.
    [0046] [0046] Referring next to figures 6A-6B, there is shown a schematic illustration of a fluidic module of the present invention in its open and closed operating positions which is generally designated 350. Fluidic module 350 includes a main fluid path 352 which has a pair of inlet / outlet holes 354, 356. The main fluid path 352 provides the primary flow path for transferring fluid through fluid module 350. In the illustrated configuration, a pair of 358 fluid flow resistors , 360 are positioned within the main fluid path 352. A valve 362 is positioned relative to the main fluid path 352 such that valve 362 has a first position where fluid flow through the main fluid path 352 is allowed, as best seen in figure 6A, and a second position where fluid flow through main fluid path 352 is prevented, as best seen in figure 6B. In the illustrated configuration, valve 362 is a pressure operated slide valve.
    [0047] [0047] Fluid module 350 includes a bridged network having two derived fluid paths 36, 368. In the illustrated configuration, derived fluid path 366 has a pair of inlet / outlet holes 370, 374 with the main fluid path 352. Likewise, the derived fluid path 368 has a pair of inlet / outlet holes 372/376 with the main fluid path 352. The derived fluid path 366 has a fluid flow resistor 378 and a flow terminal. pressure outlet 384. Pressure from pressure outlet terminal 380 is routed to valve 362 via fluid path 386. Pressure from pressure outlet terminal 284 is routed to valve 362 via fluid path fluid 288. As such, if the pressure from the pressure outlet terminal 384 is higher than the pressure from the pressure outlet terminal 380, valve 362 is forced into the open position, as best seen in the figure 6A. Alternatively, if the pressure from the pressure outlet terminal 380 is higher than the pressure from the pressure outlet terminal 284, valve 362 is forced into the closed position, as best seen in figure 6B.
    [0048] [0048] The pressure difference between the pressure output terminals 380, 384 is created due to the flow resistance and associated pressure drops created by the fluid flow resistors 378, 382. With this configuration, the injection of fluids from from the inside of the tubular column into the formation through the fluidic module 350 as indicated by the arrows in figure 6A generates a differential pressure between the pressure outlet terminals 380, 384 which forces the valve 362 to the open position. During production, however, the formation fluid flowing into the tubular column through fluid module 350 as indicated by the arrows in figure 6B generates a differential pressure between the pressure outlet terminals 380, 384 which forces valve 362 to the closed position. In this way, the flow rate of the injection fluids through the fluid module 350 can be significantly higher than the fluid flow rate of the formation during production.
    [0049] [0049] As should be understood by those skilled in the art, the use of a combination of different fluid flow resistors in series in two separate branches of a parallel bridge network allows a pressure differential to be created between selected locations through the network bridged when fluids run through it. Differential pressure can then be used to do bore-down work such as displacing a valve as described above.
    [0050] [0050] In addition, although the fluid modules of the present invention have been described as inlet flow control devices for production fluids and outflow flow control devices for injection fluids, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the fluidic modules of the present invention may alternatively operate as actuators for other borehole tools where the force required to actuate the other borehole tools can be significant. In such configurations, the flow of fluid through the fluid paths derived from the fluid module can be used to displace a valve initially blocking the main fluid path of the fluid module. Once the fluid path is open, the fluid flow through the main fluid path can be used to perform work on the other hole tool below.
    [0051] [0051] In certain installations, such as long horizontal completions having numerous production intervals, it may be desirable to send a signal to the surface when a particular fluidic module of the present invention has been actuated. If a fluidic module of the present invention is moved from an open to a closed configuration due to a change in the composition of the production fluid from predominantly oil to predominantly water, for example, the actuation of a fluidic module can also trigger a signal that is sent to the surface. In an implementation, the performance of each fluidic module can trigger the release of a single tracer material that is loaded to the surface with the production fluid. Upon reaching the surface, the tracer material is identified and associated with the fluidic module that triggered its release such that the location of the appearance of water can be determined.
    [0052] [0052] Although this invention has been described with reference to illustrative configurations, this description is not intended to be interpreted in a limiting sense. Various modifications and combinations of the illustrative configurations as well as other configurations of the invention will be apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description. It is therefore intended that the attached claims cover any such modifications or configurations.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    Fluid flow control system below hole, characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a fluidic module (150) having a main fluid path (152) through the fluidic module (150) and a bridged network with first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) each including at least one flow resistor fluid and a pressure outlet terminal (178, 184); the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) each having a common fluid inlet from the main fluid path (152) and a common fluid outlet in the main fluid path (152), the flowing inlet and outlet being common, so that the fluid paths (163, 164) and the main fluid path (152), directly or indirectly, share the same pressure source; - a pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals (178, 184) of the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) is operable to control fluid flow through the fluid module (150); the fluidic module (150) further comprising a valve (162) having first and second positions, in the first position the valve (162) is operable to allow fluid flow through the main fluid path (152), in the second position, the valve (162) is operable to prevent fluid flow through the main fluid path (152) and the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals (178, 184) of the first and second derived fluid paths (163 , 164) is operable to move the valve (162) between the first and second positions.
    [0002]
    Flow control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) each include at least two fluid flow resistors (174, 176, 180, 182) .
    [0003]
    Flow control system, according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the two fluid flow resistors (174, 176, 180, 182) of each derived fluid path (163, 164) have different responses to the viscosity of the fluid.
    [0004]
    Flow control system according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure outlet terminal (178, 184) of each derived fluid path (163, 164) is positioned between the two fluid flow resistors ( 174, 176).
    [0005]
    Flow control system according to claim 1, characterized in that a fluid flow rate ratio between the main fluid path (152) and the derived fluid paths (163, 164) is both (i) between 5 to 1 and 20 to 1, or (ii) greater than 10 to 1.
    [0006]
    Flow control system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the fluidic module (150) has an injection mode, where the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals (178, 184) of the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) created by an injection fluid outlet flow displaces the valve (162) to open the main fluid path (152), and a production mode, where the pressure difference between the terminals pressure outlet (178, 184) of the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) created by a production fluid inlet flow displaces the valve (162) to close the main fluid path (152).
    [0007]
    Flow control system, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the fluidic module (150) has a first production mode, with the pressure difference between the pressure output terminals (178, 184) of the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) created by an inlet flow of a desired fluid displaces the valve (162) to open the main fluid path (152), and a second production mode, where the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals (178, 184) of the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) created by an incoming flow of unwanted fluid displaces the valve (162) to close the main fluid path (152 ).
    [0008]
    Flow control system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid flow resistors (174, 176) are selected from the group consisting of nozzles, vortex chambers, flow tubes, fluid selectors and parent chambers.
    [0009]
    Flow control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow control system for fluid bore below comprises a flow control screen comprising: - a base tube with an internal passage; - a filter means positioned around the base tube; - a housing positioned around the base tube defining a fluid flow path between the filter medium and the internal passage.
    [0010]
    Flow control system, according to claim 9, characterized in that fluid flow resistors are selected from the group consisting of nozzles, vortex chambers, flow tubes, fluid selectors and matrix chambers.
    [0011]
    Flow control system according to claim 9, characterized in that the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) each have a common fluid inlet and a common fluid outlet with a main fluid path , each of the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) includes at least two fluid flow resistors (174, 176), where the pressure outlet terminal (178, 184) of each fluid path derivative is positioned between the two fluid flow resistors and the fluid module additionally comprising a valve (162) having a first position where fluid flow through the main fluid path is permitted and a second position where fluid flow through of the main fluid path is restricted.
    [0012]
    Flow control system, according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that the fluidic module has a first production mode, where the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals (178, 184) of the first and second pressure paths derivative fluid (163, 164) created by an inlet flow of a desired fluid displaces the valve (162) to open the main fluid path, and a second production mode where the pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals of the first and second derived fluid paths created by an incoming flow of unwanted fluid displaces the valve to close the main fluid path.
    [0013]
    Method for controlling the flow of bore fluid below, characterized by the fact that it comprises: - positioning a fluid flow control system at a target location bore down, the fluid flow control system including a fluidic module (150) having a main fluid path (152) through the fluidic module (152), a valve (162) and a bridged network with first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) each having a common fluid inlet and a common fluid outlet with the main fluid path (152) and the inlet and outlets being common, so that the derived fluid paths (163, 164) and the main fluid path (152) share, directly or indirectly, the same pressure source; - producing a desired fluid through the fluidic module (150); - generating a first pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals (178, 184) of the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) which forces the valve (162) towards a first position where the fluid flow through the main fluid path (152) is allowed; - producing an unwanted fluid through the fluidic module (150); and - generating a second pressure difference between the pressure outlet terminals (178, 184) of the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) which moves the valve (162) from the first position to a second position where fluid flow through the main fluid path (152) it is restricted; each of the first and second derived fluid paths (163, 164) includes two fluid flow resistors (174, 176) with a pressure outlet terminal (178) positioned between them.
    [0014]
    Method according to claim 13, characterized in that it produces a desired fluid through the fluidic module (150) further comprising producing a forming fluid containing at least a predetermined amount of the desired fluid; or being that producing an unwanted fluid through the fluid module (150) further comprises producing a forming fluid containing at least a predetermined amount of the unwanted fluid.
    [0015]
    Method according to claim 13, characterized in that it further comprises sending a signal to the surface indicating that the valve (162) has moved from the first position to the second position.
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2020-01-07| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-08-11| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-12-01| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 05/08/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/217,738|US8584762B2|2011-08-25|2011-08-25|Downhole fluid flow control system having a fluidic module with a bridge network and method for use of same|
    US13/217,738|2011-08-25|
    PCT/US2012/049671|WO2013028335A2|2011-08-25|2012-08-05|Downhole fluid flow control system having a fluidic module with a bridge network and method for use of same|
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