• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Multi-layer support system In several embodiments, a support system that includes a protective sheet with a series of layers. In certain embodiments, an upper layer and a lower layer are joined to an intermediate spacer layer.
    公开号:BR112014002067B1
    申请号:R112014002067-1
    申请日:2012-07-27
    公开日:2021-01-12
    发明作者:John. H. Vrzalik；Kz Hong
    申请人:Huntleigh Technology Limited；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] [001] This application claims the priority of provisional US patent application No. 61 / 512,609, filed on July 28, 2011, the total content of which is incorporated herein, for reference purposes. Field of the Invention
    [0002] [002] The present invention relates generally to support surfaces for independent use and for use in association with beds and other support platforms and more particularly, but not limited to support surfaces that contribute to the prevention, reduction and / or treatment of decubitus ulcers and the transfer of moisture and / or body heat. State of the art
    [0003] [003] Patients and other people who are bedridden for long periods of time are at risk of forming bed sores. Decubitus ulcers (commonly known as bedsores, pressure sores, pressure sores, etc.) can form when the blood supply to the capillaries below the skin tissue is interrupted due to external pressure against the skin. This pressure can be greater than the internal blood pressure of a capillary and thus obstruct the capillary and prevent oxygen and nutrients from reaching the area of the skin where the pressure is exerted. In addition, humidity and heat around the person can aggravate ulcers, causing skin maceration, among other associated problems. summary
    [0004] [004] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are directed to devices, systems and methods to assist in the prevention of decubitus ulcer formation and / or to promote healing of ulcer formation.
    [0005] [005] In various embodiments, the support system includes a protective sheet with a series of layers. In certain embodiments, an upper layer and a lower layer are connected to an intermediate spacer layer.
    [0006] [006] Particular configurations may include a protective sheet, comprising a first end, a second end, a first side and a second side. In certain embodiments, the protective sheet may comprise an air mover, a first layer comprising a vapor-permeable material, a second layer comprising a spacer material and a third layer. In specific configurations, the second layer can be between the first layer and the third layer and the air mover can be configured to create airflow through the spacer material, and the first layer can be substantially connected to the second layer, in one region between the first and second ends and between the first and second sides.
    [0007] [007] In particular configurations, the third layer can be substantially connected to the second layer in a region between the first and second ends and between the first and second sides. In specific configurations, the air mover may be in fluid communication with a first opening in the first or third layer, and, in certain embodiments, the first opening may be proximal to the first end of the protective sheet. Specific configurations may also comprise a second opening in the first or third layer, the second opening being close to the second end of the protective sheet.
    [0008] [008] In certain configurations, the air mover may be proximal to the first end of the protective sheet and the second layer may be open to an outside environment, close to the second end of the protective sheet. In particular embodiments, the air mover may be configured to generate positive air pressure between the first layer and the third layer of the protective sheet. In specific configurations, the first layer and the third layer can be impermeable to air.
    [0009] [009] In particular configurations, the spacer material may consist of one of the following materials: open cell foam, natural or synthetic polymer particles, filaments or strands; mesh; cotton fibers; polyester fibers; flexible metals and metal alloys; metals with shape memory and metal alloys and plastics with shape memory. Certain embodiments may also comprise an antimicrobial device close to the air mover. In particular embodiments, the spacer material may comprise an antimicrobial agent.
    [0010] [0010] In specific configurations, the air handler can be configured to provide less than approximately 2.0 cubic feet per minute of air flow at a differential pressure of less than about 6.0 mm H20. In certain embodiments, the air mover can be configured to provide less than about 10.0 cubic feet per minute of air flow at a differential pressure of less than about 6.0 millimeters of H20, and can be configured to generate noise levels of about 30.0 dB-A during operation. In specific configurations, the air mover can be a centrifugal fan. Certain embodiments may also comprise an antimicrobial device close to the air mover, and, in particular configurations, the air mover may be integrated with the protective sheet. In certain embodiments, the spacer material may be configured to allow air to flow through the spacer material, as the spacer material supports a person lying on the protective sheet.
    [0011] [0011] Particular configurations may also comprise a method of removing moisture vapor from a person. In certain embodiments, the method may include providing a protective sheet between a support surface and a person, where the protective sheet comprises an air mover and the operation of the air mover provides an air flow through the material of the spacer.
    [0012] [0012] In certain configurations, the protective sheet may comprise: a first end, a second end, a first side and a second side, a first layer consisting of a vapor-permeable material, a second layer comprising a spacer material and a third layer and operating the air mover to provide air flow through the spacer material. In specific embodiments, the second layer can be located between the first layer and the third layer, and, in particular configurations, the first layer can be substantially connected to the second layer in the region between the first and second ends and between the first and second side. In particular configurations, the third layer can be substantially connected to the second layer in a region between the first and second ends and between the first and second sides.
    [0013] [0013] In specific embodiments of the method, the air flow can be directed away from the air mover. In particular method configurations, the spacer material can be one of the following materials: open cell foam, natural or synthetic polymer particles, filaments or strands; mesh; cotton fibers; polyester fibers; flexible metals and metal alloys; metals with shape memory and metal alloys and plastics with shape memory. In certain embodiments of the method, the air mover may be proximal to the first end and the flow of air leaves the spacer material near the second end. In specific method configurations, the air mover can be integrated with the protective sheet. Brief description of the drawings
    [0014] [0014] Although exemplary configurations of the present invention are shown and described below in detail, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications can be made, without departing from the scope of the invention. As such, what is defined in the following descriptions and accompanying drawings are shown by way of illustration only and not as a limitation. The actual scope of the invention will be defined by the following claims, together with the full range of equivalents to which such claims are assigned.
    [0015] [0015] In addition, those skilled in the art will be able to appreciate, after reading and understanding this description, that other variations for the invention reported herein may be included within the scope of the present invention. For example, parts of the support system, represented and described, can be incorporated into existing mattresses or support elements. Other variants can use the support system, which can be applied to seats, including, but not limited to, wheelchairs, chairs, armchairs, benches, etc.
    [0016] − a figura 1 mostra uma vista lateral de uma primeira configuração exemplificativa de um lençol de proteção e um colchão, sustentando uma pessoa; − a figura 2A mostra uma vista superior de uma configuração exemplificativa do lençol protetor da figura 1; − a figura 2B mostra uma vista superior de uma configuração exemplificativa do lençol protetor da figura 1; − a figura 3 mostra um vista lateral em corte transversal do lençol protetor da figura 1; − as figuras 4A a 4D mostram várias configurações exemplificativas de um material espaçador do lençol protetor da figura 1; − as figuras 5A e 5B mostram várias configurações exemplificativas de um material espaçador unido às camadas superior e inferior do lençol protetor da figura 1; e − a figura 6 mostra um gráfico da pressão de ar versus o fluxo, para uma configuração de um movimentador de ar em uma realização exemplificativa. [0016] In the detailed description, below, of the configurations of the invention, several aspects are grouped in various embodiments, in order to rationalize the description. This method of description should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the exemplary embodiments of the invention require more resources than those that are expressly mentioned in each claim. Instead, as the following claims show, the object of the invention describes less than all the features of a single embodiment of the invention. Thus, the following claims are incorporated into the detailed description of the configurations of the invention, with each claim being independent as a separate configuration. In the figures we have: Figure 1 shows a side view of a first exemplary configuration of a protective sheet and mattress, supporting a person; Figure 2A shows a top view of an exemplary configuration of the protective sheet in figure 1; Figure 2B shows a top view of an exemplary configuration of the protective sheet in figure 1; Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional side view of the protective sheet in figure 1; Figures 4A to 4D show various exemplary configurations of a spacer material for the protective sheet of figure 1; Figures 5A and 5B show several exemplary configurations of a spacer material joined to the upper and lower layers of the protective sheet of figure 1; and - figure 6 shows a graph of air pressure versus flow, for an air mover configuration in an exemplary embodiment.
    [0017] [0017] The exemplary configurations of the present invention are directed to devices, systems and methods to assist in the prevention of decubitus ulcer formation and / or to promote the cure of said ulcer formation. For example, in various embodiments, prevention of ulcer formation and / or decubitus ulcer cure can be achieved by using a multi-layered protective sheet. Exemplary ways of making the multi-layered protective sheet can be used to assist in the removal of moisture, steam and heat adjacent to and near the interface of the patient's surface and in the environment surrounding the patient, providing a surface that absorbs and / or disperses moisture , steam and heat of the patient. In addition, the exemplary embodiments of the multi-layered protective sheet can be used, in combination with a series of support surfaces or platforms, to provide a reduced interface pressure between the patient and the protective sheet, on which the patient is positioned. This reduced interface pressure can help prevent the formation of decubitus ulcers.
    [0018] [0018] In several exemplary configurations, the protective sheet can include a series of layers. Each layer can be formed by a series of different materials, which have different properties. These properties can include the level of friction or shear of a surface, the permeability of a vapor, a gas, a liquid, and / or a solid, and various phases of the vapor, gas, liquid and solid and other properties.
    [0019] [0019] For example, in exemplary embodiments, the multi-layered protective sheet may include materials that provide a low air loss feature, where one or more layers incorporate various air, steam and liquid permeability properties and / or where a or more layers are bonded or sealed together. As shown here, a low air loss feature of the multi-layered protective sheet includes, but is not limited to: a multi-layered protective sheet that allows air and steam to pass through the first layer or top layer, in the presence a vapor pressure differential between the internal and external environments of a multi-layered protective sheet; a multi-layered protective sheet that allows air and steam to pass through the first layer, in the absence of a partial vapor pressure differential between the internal and external environments of the multi-layered protective sheet; and a multi-layered protective sheet, which allows air and steam to move in and / or out of the multi-layered protective sheet, through openings in one or more layers.
    [0020] [0020] In other exemplary embodiments, the multi-layered protective sheet may include materials that provide substantially no airflow, in which one or more layers have air impermeable properties and / or in which the layers are bonded or sealed to each other in a layer comprising a spacer material. In such exemplary embodiments, this configuration can control the direction of air movement from the inside out (for example, under the influence of a source of positive pressure at the air inlet, in the air mover, to the protective sheet) and from outside to inside (for example, under the influence of a negative pressure source at the air inlet, in the air mover, for the protective sheet) in the multi-layered protective sheet. Certain exemplary embodiments comprise a multi-layered protective sheet, including, but not limited to, the following: a protective sheet that prevents or substantially prevents the passage of air through the first layer, but allows steam to pass through the first layer; a protective sheet that prevents or substantially prevents air from moving through the first layer, in the presence of a partial vapor pressure differential between the inner and outer environments of the multi-layer protective sheet, but allows steam to pass through the first layer layer; and a protective sheet that prevents or substantially prevents air from moving out of the multi-layered protective sheet through the material that constitutes a particular layer of the protective sheet, but allows air to move through the openings in one or more layers.
    [0021] [0021] In various exemplary embodiments, systems are provided that may include a number of components, which both assist in preventing the formation of decubitus ulcers and in removing moisture and / or heat from the patient. For example, systems may include a multi-layered protective sheet, which can be used in combination with a variety of support surfaces, such as an inflatable mattress, foam mattress, gel mattress, water mattress, or a RIK® fluid mattress from a hospital bed. In these exemplary embodiments, the characteristics of the multi-layer protective sheet can help remove moisture from the patient and reduce the interface pressure between a patient and the surface of the multi-layer protective sheet, while the characteristics of the inflatable mattress or foam can assist in the prevention and / or healing of decubitus ulcers, by further decreasing the interface pressures in areas of the skin, where external pressures are typically high, for example, in bony prominences, such as the heel and the area of the patient's hip. In other exemplary embodiments, the systems may include a multi-layered protective sheet, used in conjunction with a chair or other support platform.
    [0022] [0022] With reference now to figures 1 to 3, an exemplary configuration of a protective sheet 500 comprises a first end 502, a second end 504, a first side 506, a second side 508. Figure 1 shows a side view of the protective sheet 500 during use and located between a patient 180 and a support mattress 560. Figures 2A and 2B illustrate top views of exemplary configurations of protective sheet 500, while figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of protective sheet 500 , along line 3-3, of figures 2A and 2B.
    [0023] [0023] The exemplary configurations shown comprise an upper layer permeable to water vapor 510 (which may be a multi-layered compound), an intermediate layer 520, comprising a spacer material, and a lower layer 530. In the embodiments shown, the layers upper and lower 510, 530 are substantially connected to the intermediate layer 520 in a region between the first and the second end 502, 504 and between the first and the second side 506, 508.
    [0024] [0024] In this embodiment, the protective sheet 500 also comprises an opening 535 in the lower layer 530 and close to the first end 502, as well as an air mover 540, in fluid communication with the opening 535. In the exemplary embodiment shown in figure 2A, the opening 535 and the air mover 540 are located on a flap or extension 509, which allows the air mover 540 to be placed near the end of a support mattress 560. In the embodiment shown in figure 2B , the protective sheet 500 does not contain an extension for the air handler 540 and the air handler 540 may alternatively be in fluid communication with the opening 535 in the main body (for example, near the first end 502) of the protective sheet 500. In other embodiments (not shown), the air mover 540 can be installed along one side of the protective sheet 500 and the protective sheet 500 can be configured for direction air flow to areas of high pressure contact, including, for example, the trochanter, sacrum, scapula and heels of a person being supported.
    [0025] [0025] The general operating principles for this exemplary configuration are initially provided followed by a more detailed description of the individual components and operating principles. In general, moisture vapor 116 is transferred from a patient 180, through the upper layer 510, to the air contained in the intermediate layer 520. The air mover 540 pushes or pulls the air through the intermediate layer 520, so that the moisture vapor can be removed from the air contained in the intermediate layer 520.
    [0026] [0026] In this exemplary configuration, the upper layer 510 and the lower layer 530 are sealed or joined to the intermediate layer 520, substantially along the entire length of the surface of the intermediate layer 520, between the first end 502, the second end 504, the first side 506 and the second side 508. In particular embodiments, the top layer 510 and the bottom layer 530 can be joined to the intermediate layer by means of heat sealing, gluing, mechanical fixing or other suitable methods. In certain embodiments, where the intermediate layer 520 is an open cell foam, the lower layer 530 (and / or the upper layer 510) may comprise the "sealed" or outer layer, which is formed when the foam of open cell is cured during the manufacturing process.
    [0027] [0027] In the configuration shown, the upper layer 510 and the lower layer 530 are substantially the same size as the intermediate layer 520, so that there are no gaps or spaces around the outer edges of the intermediate layer 520. With the upper layers 510 and the lower layer 530 joined to the intermediate layer 520, the air flow 541 provided by the air mover 540 is directed through the intermediate layer 520.
    [0028] [0028] If the upper layer 510 and the lower layer 530 are not joined to the intermediate layer 520, the air flow 541 could flow through a space between the upper layer 510 and the intermediate layer 520 and / or through a space between the lower layer 530 and the intermediate layer 520. By allowing airflow 541 to flow through these spaces and essentially not through the intermediate layer 520, the ability to remove moisture vapor 116 from the intermediate layer 520 can be drastically reduced.
    [0029] [0029] The tendency for airflow 541 not to pass through intermediate layer 520 can be particularly problematic when air mover 541 is configured to provide positive pressure to protective sheet 500, especially at higher airflow rates. This configuration increases the pressure between the top layer 510 and the bottom layer 530, which can result in the ripple of the top layer 510, if it is not joined to the intermediate layer 520. The top layer 510 may be particularly prone to ripple in the areas that are not directly below the patient 180, if it is not joined to the intermediate layer 520. The union of the upper layer 510 and / or the lower layer 530 can also be particularly beneficial, when the protective sheet 500 is used in conjunction with systems existing support systems, which provide an existing source of positive air pressure for protective sheet 500, but which do not have a readily available source of negative air pressure. In embodiments where the protective sheet 500 uses negative air pressure, the joining of the upper layer 510 can be beneficial to reduce or prevent the upper layer 510 from creating folds, which may come into contact with the patient 180.
    [0030] [0030] Airflow 541 will flow from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure and follow the path of least resistance. If spaces are formed between the upper layer 510 and the intermediate layer 520, which offer less resistance than the intermediate layer 520, the air flow 541 may flow through these spaces, instead of that in the intermediate layer 520. Therefore, if the ripples in the upper layer 510 generate open spaces above or below intermediate layer 520, the air flow 541 will not substantially pass through the intermediate layer 520 and will reduce the ability of the protective sheet 500 to remove moisture vapor 116.
    [0031] [0031] In the exemplary configuration shown, the upper layer 510 and the lower layer 530 form a wrapper or envelope that substantially envelops the intermediate layer 520 and forces the air flow 541 to be directed through the intermediate layer 520. In the configuration shown, the second end 504 comprises an opening 550, which allows air flow 541 to exit to intermediate layer 520 and escape to the external environment. When opening opening 550 distal to air mover 540, airflow 541 is forced to flow substantially across the entire length of intermediate layer 520. This can maximize the ability of protective sheet 500 to remove moisture vapor 116 .
    [0032] [0032] In the exemplary configuration shown in figures 1 to 3, the opening 550 can be formed, so that the intermediate layer 520 is exposed to the external environment, along the entire second end 504. In other embodiments, the second end 504 can be partially sealed (for example, the top layer 510 and the bottom layer 530 can be joined along part of the second end 504), so that a part of the intermediate layer 520, proximal to the second end 504 , is exposed to the external environment to form aperture 550. In certain exemplary embodiments, aperture 550 can be formed by removing material from both the upper layer 510 and the lower layer 530 (for example, by cutting an opening or hole in any of the layers or by providing a strip of air-permeable material in the upper layer 510 or in the lower layer 530 proximal to the end 504).
    [0033] [0033] The second end 504 can be partially sealed, so that a second opening, similar to opening 535, is provided at the second end 504. In such embodiments, the air mover 540 can be placed either at the first end 502 as in the second end 504 of the protective sheet 500. This configuration can provide flexibility in the configuration of the protective sheet 500, allowing the air handler 540 to be placed on both the first end 502 and the second end 504, thus allowing the air handler air 540 can be placed either at the head end or at the end of the patient foot and distant from the opening 550. In other embodiments, the air mover 540 can be placed in a different location and the intermediate layer 520 can be exposed to the environment external, in locations other than the first end 502 or the second end 504.
    [0034] [0034] In certain exemplary embodiments, the 540 air handler is a 12-volt DC centrifugal fan (nominal), manufactured by Panasonic, under part number FAL5F 12LL. This particular air mover is approximately 3 inches wide by 3 inches high by 0.1 inch thick and weighs approximately 3.5 ounces. This air mover also produces a maximum air flow of approximately 8.8 cfm and a maximum air pressure of approximately 6.2 mmH2O at a nominal value of 12 volts. During operation, the air flow will be reduced as the pressure in the air handler is increased. Exemplary embodiments using this air mover typically have an air flow of about 1.0 to 2.0 cfm during operation. A graph of air pressure, air flow and rated speed for various voltages is shown in figure 6. As shown in figure 6, this air mover provides a differential pressure of less than 6 mmH2O, at flow rates of approximately 2, 0 cfm. The Panasonic FAL5F12LL air mover also generates low noise levels (30.0 dB-A, according to the manufacturer's specifications).
    [0035] [0035] In another exemplary embodiment, the 540 air mover is a 12 mm 40 mm DC fan, like a Sunon KDE I204 PKBX-8. Using an air mover, such as the Sunon model (or other similarly sized device), the air mover 540 can be placed to integrate the protective sheet 500, which allows for a more compact overall design.
    [0036] [0036] In yet other exemplary embodiments, the top layer 510 and the bottom layer 530 can be made of the same material and configured to form a wrapper containing the intermediate layer 520. In other exemplary embodiments, the top layer 510 may include a part of material with high vapor permeability in the central part (closer to a person's torso) and materials with less vapor permeability (and perhaps less cost) in the lateral areas, not directly under a person's torso. In certain exemplary embodiments, the top layer 510 can also be air permeable to allow air to flow through the top layer 510 and an opening between the top layer 510 and the bottom layer 530.
    [0037] [0037] In this embodiment, the upper layer 510 consists of a material that is impermeable to liquid and permeable to vapor, as well as permeable or impermeable to air. An example of this type of vapor-permeable material is sold under the trade name GoreTex ™. GoreTex ™ is vapor permeable and impermeable to liquids, but it can be permeable or impermeable to air. Examples of such vapor-impermeable materials include vinyl foil or urethane foil. In the shown embodiment, the intermediate layer 520 comprises a spacer material that separates the upper layer 510 from the lower layer 530. As mentioned in this specification, the term "spacer material" (and related terms) should be interpreted broadly, including any material that has a volume of air inside it and that allows air to move through the material. In exemplary embodiments, the spacer materials allow air to flow through it when a person is lying on the material, as the material is supported by a mattress. Examples of such spacer materials are: open cell foam, polymer particles and a material sold by Tytex under the trade name AirXTM. Other examples and characteristics of spacer materials are mentioned in the description of the second layer 520, in figures 4A to 4C. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the bottom layer 530 consists of a material that is impervious to vapor, impervious to air and impervious to liquids. Examples of such materials include vinyl plastic sheet or sheet of polyurethane material. The upper layer 510 and the lower layer 530 may be made of the same material in certain configurations.
    [0038] [0038] Referring again to figure 1, the support mattress 560 and the protective sheet system 500 provide support for a person 180 and assists in the removal of moisture, steam and heat adjacent and proximal to the interface between person 180 and the mattress support structure 560. In the exemplary configuration of figure 1, the protective sheet 500 comprises an integral air mover 540. In other exemplary embodiments, the air mover 540 can be externally to the protective sheet 500 with appropriate coupling members, such as tubes, pipes, ducts etc. In certain exemplary embodiments, the air mover 540 may comprise a protection or other partition (not shown), to prevent the protective sheet material 500 or the surrounding environment from blocking the air inlet or outlet of the air mover 540 During operation, the air mover 540 shown in figure 1 works to increase the pressure inside the protective sheet 500 and create a positive air flow 541, which is pushed or forced through the intermediate layer 520, towards of the surrounding environment.
    [0039] [0039] In the exemplary configurations shown in figures 1 to 3, moisture vapor 116 is transferred from person 180 (and the air adjacent to person 180), through the upper layer 510, to air pockets inside the spacer material of the layer intermediate 520. Moisture vapor 116 will continue to be transferred to the air pockets within the spacer material 122, while the air pockets will have a lower relative humidity than the air adjacent to person 180. As the relative humidity of the bags increases and approaches the relative humidity of the air adjacent to person 180, the moisture vapor transfer rate 116 will decrease. Therefore, it is desirable to maintain the relative humidity of the air in the bags, within the intermediate layer 520, below the relative humidity of the air adjacent to the person 180. As the moisture vapor 116 is transferred to the air bags, inside the layer intermediate 520, it is desirable to remove the moisture vapor from the air pockets and reduce the relative humidity of the air inside the intermediate layer 520. By removing the moisture vapor 116 from the air, inside the intermediate layer 520, the transfer rate moisture vapor 116 of person 180 can be maintained at a more uniform level.
    [0040] [0040] In the exemplary embodiment shown in figure 3, the air flow 541 flows through the air pockets, inside the intermediate layer 520 and assists in the removal of moisture vapor 116 from the air pockets. This reduces the relative humidity of the air pockets and allows the moisture vapor transfer rate 116 to be maintained over time. As shown in figure 3, airflow 541 can be forced by air mover 540 to enter the air space within intermediate layer 520. By substantially forcing all airflow 541 to be directed through intermediate layer 520, the amount of airflow required for a given moisture vapor transfer rate can be reduced, compared to systems that allow airflow not to pass through the second layer.
    [0041] [0041] Reducing the amount of air flow 541, for a given moisture vapor transfer rate 116, reduces the required size of the air mover 540. Sufficient reduction in the size of the air mover 540 can allow the mover of air 540 can be placed in locations that would not otherwise be possible. In an exemplary embodiment, the air mover 540 can be coupled to the bottom layer 530, with a substantially obstructive seal to the air, so that air does not flow around the air mover 540 and is directed to the intermediate layer 520. As shown in the embodiment of figure 1, the air mover 540 can be incorporated in an area of the protective sheet 500, close to the end of the support mattress 160. When placing the air mover 540 in a location that is not between the support mattress 560 and patient 180, the comfort of patient 180 must not be negatively affected. In other embodiments, the air mover 540 can be placed in other areas of the protective sheet 500. For example, in embodiments, where the air mover 540 is small enough, the air mover 540 can be placed between the patient 180 and the support mattress 160, without adversely affecting patient comfort 180.
    [0042] [0042] A reduction in the required air flow 541 can also reduce the amount of energy needed to operate the 540 air handler, thereby decreasing operating costs. Reducing the energy requirement and airflow 541 of the air mover 540 can also reduce the amount of noise and heat generated by the air mover 540. Reducing noise and heat can provide a more comfortable environment for the person 180, which can use the protective sheet 500 for long periods of time.
    [0043] [0043] A reduction in the size of the air mover 540 can also lead to a reduction in the cost of the air mover 540. In certain embodiments, the cost of the air mover 540 can be low enough, allowing the air mover 540 is a disposable item. In addition, the protective sheet 500 can be configured to be disposable or reusable. In exemplary embodiments comprising a reusable protective sheet 500, the top layer 510 and the bottom layer 530 can be configured in such a way that they are washed for disinfection.
    [0044] [0044] The support mattress 560 can have any configuration known in the state of the art to support the person 180. For example, in certain exemplary embodiments, the support mattress 560 can be a mattress of the type of alternating pressure pad or another type of mattress that uses air to inflate it or pressurize a cell or chamber inside the mattress. In other exemplary embodiments, the support mattress 160 does not use air to support the person 180.
    [0045] [0045] As is known to the person skilled in the art, steam and air can carry organisms, such as bacteria, viruses and other potentially harmful pathogens. As such and as will be described here in more detail, in some embodiments of the present invention, one or more antimicrobial devices, agents etc. can be provided to prevent, destroy, mitigate, repel, trap and / or contain potentially harmful pathogenic organisms, including microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, mold, mites, fungi, microbial spores, bioslimes, protozoa, intestinal protozoa and the like, and thus remove them from the air and vapor that are dispersed and removed from the patient and the environment around the patient. In addition, in various embodiments, the protective sheet 500 may include several layers having antimicrobial activity. In some embodiments, for example, the upper, intermediate and lower layers 510, 520 and 530 can include particles, fibers, threads etc., made of silver and / or other antimicrobial agents.
    [0046] [0046] In various exemplary embodiments, the intermediate layer 520 can be made up of various materials and can have a number of configurations and shapes, as described herein. In some configurations, the material is flexible. In such exemplary embodiments, the flexible material may include properties that resist compression, such that when the flexible material is compressed, for example, by the weight of a patient lying on the protective sheet 500, the flexible material tends to return to its original shape and thus provide a support function for the protective sheet 500. The flexible material can also include a property that allows lateral movement of the air through the flexible material, even under compression.
    [0047] [0047] Examples of materials that can be used to form the intermediate layer 520 may include, but are not limited to, natural and synthetic polymers in the form of particles, filaments, strands, foam (e.g. open cell foam), among others, and natural and synthetic materials, such as cotton fibers, polyester fibers and the like. Other materials can be flexible metals and metal alloys, metals with shape memory and metal alloys and plastics with shape memory. These materials may include elasticity, super elasticity, linear elasticity, and / or shape memory properties, which allow the flexible material to bend and curve to acquire various shapes, under various conditions (for example, compression, tension, temperature, etc.).
    [0048] [0048] Figures 4A to 4D illustrate several exemplary configurations of a flexible spacer material, which can be used in the intermediate layer 520. In various embodiments of figures 4A to 4D, the spacer material can have a series of transverse geometric shapes, including, but not limiting, oval, polygonal and irregular circular geometric shapes. For example, as shown in figures 4A to 4D, the spacer material may include a string member 525, a foam member 526, a spiral member 527 or a convoluted member 528, or a combination thereof, each having a shape of circular cross section. It is understood that the spacer materials described are merely exemplary and that other embodiments may comprise different spacer materials, including, for example, a mesh spacer or a combination of glass fibers and textile mesh. Each of the embodiments illustrated in figures 4A to 4D, either alone or in combination, can provide support for the patient lying on the protective sheet 500, can assist in reducing interface pressure between the patient and the protective sheet 500 and can allow the air flows under patient 180. In addition, each embodiment can work in combination with a support platform or support surface, such as an air mattress, to further reduce the interface pressures between patient 180 and the protective sheet 500.
    [0049] [0049] In each of figures 4A to 4D, the flexible material includes a first and a second end 521 and 523. In various exemplary embodiments, the first and second end 521 and 523 may include surfaces and / or structures which provide them. allow joining the upper layer 510 and the lower layer 520 and joining or sealing the second layer 520 to the upper and lower layers 510 and 530.
    [0050] [0050] Figures 5A and 5B illustrate how filament members 525 and foam members 526, respectively, can be coupled to the upper and lower layers 510 and 530. Air flow 541 (not shown in these figures for purposes clarity) can then flow between and / or through the filament members 525 and the foam members 526. In various exemplary embodiments of figures 5A and 5B, the filament members 525 and the foam members 526 of the layer intermediate 520 can be chemically bonded to the upper and lower layers 510 and 530, using adhesives and the like, and / or mechanically linked through the use of fastening elements, such as stitches, staples, hooks and loops and the like, and / or physically linked, through the use of welds, such as radio frequency (RF) welds, ultrasonic energy (ie, ultrasonic welding) and related methods. As described herein, the shapes and sizes of the upper, middle and lower layers of the exemplary embodiments of the multilayer protective sheet may vary and the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures are not limited to rectangular shapes, as shown. Other shapes and sizes are viable and can be designed based on the patent application for the multi-layered protective sheet. For example, in various exemplary embodiments, the shape and size of the protective sheet can be designed, based on the support surface or platform for which it will be used, such as a chair.
    [0051] [0051] In several exemplary configurations, the bottom layer 530 can be made up of a variety of different materials that incorporate various properties. For example, the bottom layer 530 may be formed of a vapor-impermeable, air-impermeable and liquid-impermeable material. The impermeability property of the bottom layer 530 prevents steam, air and liquid from passing through the bottom layer 530 and therefore prevents the exposure of air, steam and liquid on a support surface or platform, on the which protective sheet 500 is positioned. In addition, the bottom layer 530 can act as a guide to direct air, steam and liquid towards the openings, defined by portions of the perimeter, not fixed together or to direct the air from the openings towards an elongated member, as will be described here. In various embodiments, the bottom layer 530 can also function as a bonding or coupling layer to secure the protective sheet 500 to a support surface or platform. For example, in various embodiments, the third layer can include extensions that can attach to the support surface, such as a foam mattress. In such embodiments, the extensions can be wrapped around the support surface and folded under the support surface or can be attached to the support surface, using a variety of fasteners, such as those described herein. In other exemplary embodiments, the outer surface of the bottom layer 530 may include a series of fasteners, such as hooks and loop-type fasteners. In such exemplary embodiments, the support surface may be provided with a cover that has a clamped structure and the bottom layer 530 may include an outer layer that has a hooked structure. Other methods and mechanisms are contemplated for fixing the multi-layered protective sheet on the support surface or platform.
    [0052] [0052] In several exemplary embodiments, the protective sheet 500 can be a single use or a multiple use. As shown here, a single-use protective sheet is a protective sheet for single-patient applications and is made of a material permeable to steam, air and liquid, which is disposable and / or inexpensive and / or manufactured. and / or assembled in a low-cost form and is intended to be used for a single patient for a short time, such as an hour (s), a day or several days. As shown here, a multi-purpose protective sheet is a protective sheet to be used on multiple patients, which generally consists of a vapor-permeable, liquid-impermeable and air-permeable or impermeable material, which is reusable, washable, can be disinfected using a variety of techniques (eg, autoclave, bleaching etc.) and generally of a better quality and superior workmanship than the single use protective sheet, and is intended for use by one or more patients , over a long period of time, such as multiple days, weeks, months and / or years. In several exemplary embodiments, the manufacture and / or assembly of a multi-use protective sheet may involve methods that are more complex and more expensive than a single use protective sheet. Examples of materials used to make single use l, may include, but are limited to, non-woven fibers (papers). Examples of materials used to make protective sheets reusable may include, but are not limited to, Gore-Tex ® and laminated fabric urethane.
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [0001]
    Protective sheet (500) comprising: - a first end (502), a second end (504), a first side (506) and a second side (508); - an air mover (540); - a first layer (510), comprising a vapor permeable material; - a second layer (520) comprising a spacer material; and - a third layer (530); the second layer (520) is between the first layer (510) and the third layer (530) and the air mover (540) is configured to create an air flow through the spacer material, characterized in that the first layer (510) be joined to a second layer (520) in a region between the first and the second end (502, 504) and between the first and second side (506, 508); the third layer (530) is joined to the second layer (520), in an entire region between the first and second end (502, 504) and between the first and second side (506, 508).
    [0002]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the air mover (540) is in fluid communication with a first opening, in the first or third layer (510, 530).
    [0003]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first opening is proximal to the first end (503) of the protective sheet (500).
    [0004]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 3, characterized in that it also comprises a second opening in the first or third layer (510, 530), in which the second opening is proximal to the second end (504) of the protective sheet (500) .
    [0005]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the air mover (540) is proximal to the first end (502) of the protective sheet (500) and in which the second layer (520) is open to an environment proximal to the second end (504) of the protective sheet (500).
    [0006]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the air mover (540) is configured to generate positive air pressure between the first layer (510) and the third layer (530) of the protective sheet (500) .
    [0007]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first layer (510) and the third layer (530) are impermeable to air.
    [0008]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer material consists of one of the following materials: open cell foam; natural or synthetic polymer particles, filaments or threads; mesh; cotton fibers; polyester fibers; flexible metals and metal alloys; metals with shape memory and metal alloys and plastics with shape memory.
    [0009]
    Protective sheet (500), according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises an antimicrobial device proximal to the air mover (540).
    [0010]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer material comprises an antimicrobial agent.
    [0011]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the air handler (540) is configured to provide less than approximately 2.0 cubic feet per minute of air flow at a differential pressure of less than approximately 6.0 mm H20.
    [0012]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the air mover (540) is configured to provide less than approximately 10.0 cubic feet per minute of air flow at a differential pressure of less than approximately 6.0 mmH20.
    [0013]
    Protective sheet (500), according to claim 1, characterized in that the air mover (540) is configured to create noise levels of approximately 30.0 dB –A, during operation.
    [0014]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 1, characterized in that the air handler (540) is a centrifugal fan.
    [0015]
    Protective sheet (500), according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises an antimicrobial device proximal to the air mover (540).
    [0016]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 15, characterized in that the air handler (540) is integrated with the protective sheet (500).
    [0017]
    Protective sheet (500) according to claim 15, characterized in that the spacer material allows air to flow through itself, while the spacer material supports a person lying on the protective sheet (500).
    [0018]
    Method of removing moisture vapor from a person characterized by comprising providing a protective sheet (500), as described in claim 1, between a support surface and a person, in which the protective sheet (500) comprises: - a first end (502), a second end (504), a first side (506) and a second side (508); - an air mover (540); - a first layer (510) made of a vapor-permeable material; - a second layer (520) comprising a spacer material; and - a third layer (530); wherein the second layer (520) is between the first layer (510) and the third layer (530); the first layer (510) is joined to the second layer (520), in a region between the first and second end (502, 504) and between the first and second side (506, 508); and the third layer (530) is joined to the second layer (520), in a region between the first and second end (502, 504) and between the first and second side (506, 508); wherein the third layer (530) is joined to the second layer (520), in an entire region between the first and second end (502, 504) and between the first and second side (506, 508) and operates the air (540) to provide an air flow through the spacer material.
    [0019]
    Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the air flow is directed out of the air mover (540).
    [0020]
    Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the spacer material consists of one of the following materials: open cell foam, natural or synthetic polymer particles, filaments or threads; mesh; cotton fibers, polyester fibers; flexible metals and metal alloys; metals with shape memory and metal alloys and plastics with shape memory.
    [0021]
    Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the air mover (540) is proximal to the first end (502) and the air flow outlets of the spacer material proximal to the second end (504).
    [0022]
    Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the air mover (540) is integrated with the protective sheet (500).
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2013016609A1|2013-01-31|
    BR112014002067A2|2017-02-21|
    KR20140037275A|2014-03-26|
    MX342705B|2016-10-10|
    JP2014523794A|2014-09-18|
    CA2843370C|2020-03-10|
    EP2739255A1|2014-06-11|
    CN103906494A|2014-07-02|
    AU2012286707A1|2014-02-20|
    US9254231B2|2016-02-09|
    EP2739255B1|2016-07-13|
    US20130025053A1|2013-01-31|
    MX2014001152A|2014-08-27|
    CN103906494B|2016-11-09|
    JP5855748B2|2016-02-09|
    AU2012286707B2|2017-04-06|
    CA2843370A1|2013-01-31|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-09-17| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-05-26| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|
    2020-09-15| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-01-12| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 27/07/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201161512609P| true| 2011-07-28|2011-07-28|
    US61/512,609|2011-07-28|
    PCT/US2012/048468|WO2013016609A1|2011-07-28|2012-07-27|Multi-layered support system|
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