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  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    apparatus and method for estimating a parameter. The present invention relates to an apparatus for estimating a parameter including: an optical fiber (22) including at least one core (24) configured to transmit an interrogation signal and including a plurality of detection locations (28) distributed to the along a measuring length of the optical fiber (22) and configured to reflect light; a reference optical path configured to transmit a reference signal, the reference optical path disposed in a fixed relationship to the at least one core and extending at least substantially parallel to the at least one core, the reference optical path including a reflector reference (42) defining a cavity length corresponding to the measurement length; a detector (36) configured to receive a reflected feedback signal; a reference interferometer (58) configured to receive at least one reference signal and generate an interferometric reference signal; and a processor (38) configured to apply the interferometric reference signal to the reflected feedback signal to compensate for one or more environmental parameters.
    公开号:BR112014000801B1
    申请号:R112014000801-9
    申请日:2012-06-14
    公开日:2021-06-01
    发明作者:Roger Duncan；Brooks Childers；Philip Robin Couch
    申请人:Baker Hughes Incorporated；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Cross Reference to Related Orders
    This application claims the benefit of U.S. Application No. 13/187,853, filed July 21, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Background
    Fiber optic sensors have been used in several applications, and have been presented as having particular utility in detecting parameters in various environments. Fiber optic sensors can be incorporated into environments such as downhole environments and can be used to detect various parameters of an environment and/or the components disposed in it, such as temperature, pressure, strain and vibration.
    Parameter monitoring systems can be incorporated with downhole components such as distributed fiber optic detection (DSS) systems. Examples of DSS techniques include Frequency Domain Optical Reflectometry (OFDR), which includes interrogating a fiber optic sensor with an optical signal to generate scattered reflected signals from detection locations (eg, fiber Bragg diffraction gratings ) on the fiber optic sensor.
    Interferometric detection systems based on scanning wavelengths, often used for distributed optical fiber detection, are so named because they rely on interferometry to encode sensor information. In some applications, however, the sensing fiber (the fiber containing or consisting of the sensor(s)) is subject to vibration. These vibrations can result in impaired data, and in the end can reduce data fidelity or inhibit the ability to perform a measurement overall. summary
    An apparatus for estimating a parameter includes: an optical fiber including at least one core configured to be optically coupled to a light source and transmit an interrogation signal, the at least one core including a plurality of detection locations distributed along a measuring length of optical fiber and configured to reflect light; a reference optical path configured to transmit a reference signal, the reference optical path disposed in a fixed relationship to the at least one core and extending at least substantially parallel to the at least one core, the reference optical path including a reference reflector defining a cavity length corresponding to the measurement length; a detector configured to receive a reflected return signal including light reflected from one or more of the plurality of detection locations; a reference interferometer configured to receive at least one reference signal returned by the reference optical path and generate an interferometric reference signal; and a processor configured to apply the interferometric reference signal to the reflected feedback signal to compensate for one or more environmental parameters.
    A method for estimating a parameter includes: arranging an optical fiber in a wellbore in a soil formation, the optical fiber including at least one core having a plurality of detection locations distributed along a measurement length of the optical fiber and configured to reflect light; arranging in the wellbore a reference optical path configured to transmit a reference signal, the reference optical path disposed in a fixed relationship to the at least one core and extending at least substantially parallel to the at least one core, the optical path reference including a reference reflector defining a cavity length corresponding to the measurement length; transmitting a first interrogation signal to the at least one core; transmitting a second interrogation signal to the reference optical path; receiving a reflected return signal including reflected light from one or more of the plurality of sensing locations; receiving, in a reference interferometer, a reference signal returned by the reference optical path, and generating an interferometric reference signal; applying the interferometric reference signal to the reflected feedback signal to compensate for one or more environmental parameters based on changes in the cavity length of the reference optical path; and estimating one or more environmental parameters based on the compensated reflected feedback signal. Brief Description of Drawings
    The subject matter, which is considered to be the invention, is particularly highlighted and claimed distinctly in the claims at the end of the specification. The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description below considered in combination with the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are similarly numbered, in which:
    FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a downhole drilling, monitoring, evaluation, exploration, and/or production system;
    FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a portion of a fiber optic metering assembly;
    FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a fiber optic metering assembly; and
    FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a method of estimating a downhole parameter. Detailed Description
    Referring to FIG. 1, an exemplary embodiment of a downhole drilling, monitoring, evaluation, exploration and/or production system 10 disposed in a wellbore 12 is shown. An unlined well string 14 is disposed within wellbore 12, which penetrates at least one soil formation 16 to perform functions such as extracting matter from the formation and/or making property measurements of formation 16 and/or the downhole wellbore 12. The unlined downhole14 is made of, for example, a pipe, multiple sections of pipe, or flexible tubing. System 10 and/or uncoated well string 14 include any number of downhole tools 18 for various processes including drilling, hydrocarbon production and measuring one or more physical quantities in or around an uncoated well. Various measurement tools 18 can be incorporated into system 10 to perform measurement regimes such as wire rope measurement applications or logging applications during drilling (LWD).
    In one embodiment, a parameter measurement system is included as part of system 10 and is configured to measure or estimate various downhole parameters of formation 16, wellbore 14, tool 18 and/or other components of downhole. The measurement system includes an optical interrogator or measurement unit 20 connected in operable communication with at least one fiber optic detection assembly 22. The measurement unit 20 can be placed, for example, at a surface location, an underwater location and/or a surface location on an offshore well rig or on a vessel. The measuring unit 20 may also be incorporated into the unlined downhole string 12 or tool 18, or otherwise disposed in the downhole as desired.
    A fiber optic assembly 22 is operatively connected to the measurement unit 20 and is configured to be disposed in the downhole. Fiber optic assembly 22 includes at least one fiber optic core 24 (referred to as a "sensor core" 24) configured to perform a distributed measurement of a downhole parameter (e.g., temperature, pressure, strain, strain and others) and at least one fiber optic core 26 (referred to as a "system reference core" 26) configured to generate a reference signal. The sensor core 24 includes one or more detection locations 28 disposed along a length of the sensor core, which are configured to reflect and/or spread optical interrogation signals transmitted by the measuring unit 20. Examples of detection locations 28 include fiber Bragg gratings, Fabry-Perot cavities, partially reflecting mirrors, and intrinsic scattering locations such as Rayleigh scattering, Brillouin scattering and Raman scattering locations. The system reference core 26 is disposed in a fixed relationship to the sensor core 24 and provides a reference optical path having an effective cavity length that is stable relative to the optical path cavity length of the sensor core. 24. The system reference core can be used to return reference signals used by a reference interferometer to compensate for distributed measurements based on changes in cavity length caused, for example, by vibration.
    In one embodiment, a length of fiber optic assembly 22 defines a measurement region 30 along which distributed parameter measurements can be taken. For example, measurement region 30 extends over a length of the array that includes sensor core detection locations 28. System reference core 26 is disposed relative to sensor core 24 and provides a path of reference having an effective cavity length that is stable relative to the optical path cavity length of the sensor core 24 in the measurement region 30, which acts to moderate or reduce the effects of vibration and other motion in the system. For example, the sensor core 24 and the system reference core 26 are arranged in respective optical fibers which are arranged together in a fiber optic cable, glued together or otherwise arranged so that at least the lengths of each core in measurement region 30 deform together in response to downhole parameters. The optical reference path and the sensing path are thus configured so that they are in a fixed position relative to each other, so that the reference path experiences the same vibration or other movement as the sensing path. In one embodiment, sensor core 24 and system reference core 26 are disposed within a multi-core optical fiber 32.
    The measuring unit 20 includes, for example, one or more electromagnetic signal sources 34 such as an adjustable light source, an LED and/or a laser, and one or more signal detectors 36 (e.g., photodiodes) . Signal processing electronics can also be included in the measuring unit 20 to combine reflected signals and/or process the signals. In one embodiment, a processing unit 38 is in operable communication with signal source 34 and detector 36 and is configured to control source 34, receive reflected signal data from detector 36, and/or process reflected signal data.
    In one embodiment, the measurement system is configured as a coherent frequency-domain optical reflectometry (OFDR) system. In this embodiment, source 34 includes a continuously adjustable laser that is used to spectrally interrogate fiber optic detection assembly 22. In one embodiment, the interrogating signal has a wavelength or frequency that is modulated or scanned (e.g., linearly) over a selected wavelength or frequency range. Scattered signals reflected by intrinsic scattering locations, detection locations 28, and other reflection surfaces in fiber optic array 22 can be detected, demodulated and analyzed. Each scattered signal can be correlated to a location, for example, by means of a mathematical transform or by interferometrically analyzing the scattered signals against a selected common reflection location. Each spread signal can be integrated to reconstruct the total length and/or shape of the cable. A modulator (e.g. function generator) in optical communication with tunable optical source 34 may be provided that modulates optical source 34, such as by power, intensity or amplitude, using a modulation signal.
    Referring to FIG. 2, an exemplary fiber optic assembly 22 includes a multi-core fiber 32 having at least two cores 24, 26 and a sheath 40. The detection core 24 is configured to guide light from the measurement unit 20 to the measurement locations 28, and the at least one system reference core 26 is configured to guide a light reference signal from the measurement unit. The cores 24, 26 can receive an interrogation signal from a single measuring unit 20 or a single source 34, or can receive individual signals from separate sources 34. One or more reference sensors and/or reflectors 42 are positioned at selected axial locations to provide reference signals. In one embodiment, the reflector(s) 42 is/are arranged such that part of an interrogation signal in each core 24, 26 is reflected by the reflector(s) 42 substantially at the same axial location for each core. In the example shown in FIG. 2, reflectors 42 include a single reference reflector 42 such as a mirror, which is positioned at a common axial location for each core. The reference reflector may be disposed at one end of the fiber optic assembly 22 and/or at one or more locations along the length of the measurement region 30. A cavity length is thus formed between a selected axial location and an axial location of each reflector 42. For example, reflector 42 may include multiple partially reflective mirrors disposed at different axial locations along fiber optic assembly 22 and forming multiple respective cavity lengths.
    In one embodiment, the detection core 24 forms one or more components of a sensor interferometer. For example, the sensor interferometer can be formed from return signals reflected along a sensor path, i.e., a return signal path from a detection location 28 and an axial location (e.g. detection core 24 coupled to detector 36), and a return signal reflected along a sensor reference path, i.e., a return signal path in core 24 between reflector 42 and the axial location. Each of these feedback signals can be returned to the measuring unit 20 where they can be combined to generate interferometric signals for parameter measurements. An additional interferometer (a reference interferometer) can be formed by a reference path feedback signal, that is, a feedback signal at the system reference core 26 reflected along a system reference path between the reflector 42 and the axial location. It should be noted that although the sensor path and the reference path are included on separate cores these paths can be established on a single core. Furthermore, the sensor core 24 and the system reference core 26 can be included in separate optical fibers that are glued together, arranged in a single cable and/or otherwise arranged so that the system reference path is disposed in a fixed relationship to the core 24 and extends at least substantially parallel to the core 24.
    The system reference core 26 and system reference feedback signal can be used to compensate, for example, for the effects of non-linearities in the case where the system 10 uses swept wavelength interferometry (SWI). Because the SWI-based interrogation unit (eg, fiber optic assembly 22) may be subject to vibration, and because the detection core 24 is often subjected to different stimuli, vibration potentially can produce fidelity of data reduced. This is because the effective cavity length of the interferometer formed by the sensor core 24 and the reflector 42 (and corresponding to the measurement length 30) changes during the course of an acquisition. The configurations of cores 24 and 26 relative to one another allow for compensation for vibration effects.
    Referring to FIG. 3, an embodiment of system 10 is shown in which the system interferometer is configured as a trigger interferometer. In this embodiment, an adjustable laser or other light source 34 (e.g., wavelength scanning light source) is coupled to a beam splitter 44 configured to split light from the light source into at least one sensor beam and at least one reference beam. A coupling device 46 such as a circulator is configured to direct the sensor beam to the sensor core 24 and direct the reference beam to the reference core 26.
    In one embodiment, the measurement unit 20 includes a processing assembly 50 that is configured to receive incoming light beams as well as return signals from the fiber optic assembly 22. For example, reflected and/or scattered light from each location of detection 28 (the "sensor feedback signal") and light in the sensor core 24 reflected by the reflector 42 (the "sensor reference feedback signal") are combined to generate an interferometric sensor signal in the form of a interference pattern indicative of phase differences between the sensor feedback signal and the sensor reference feedback signal. The interference of the sensor reference feedback signal with the sensor feedback signal occurs at a particular sensor optical path length, also known as the sensor spatial frequency.
    Light in the system reference core 26 reflected by the reflector 42 (system reference feedback signal) is used in a reference interferometer. For example, the system reference feedback signal is routed to the measuring unit 20 and is combined with the initial sensor beam or the split sensor beam to generate an interference pattern indicative of changes in cavity length formed between an axial location (eg, the location of the circulator 46) and the reference reflector 42. This change in cavity length can be used as indicative of changes in the total measurement path 30, produced by parameters such as temperature, voltage and vibration . This reference interferometer can be used to compensate sensor interferometer data for parameter changes occurring for the full length of measurement region 30, allowing better quality measurements of local parameters measured using measurement locations 28.
    Referring again to FIG. 3, in one embodiment, processing assembly 50 includes a detector 52 such as an optical-electrical converter (OEC) that receives light reflected from the core 24 (e.g., sensor feedback signal, reference feedback signal. sensor, or a combined signal) via circulator 46. Detector 52 may be any detector suitable for converting an optical signal to an electrical signal, such as a photodetector, or a charge-coupled device. In one embodiment, detector 52 produces an electrical signal 54 that corresponds to the waveform of the received light. Electrical signal 54 is sent via an optional filter 56 (eg, a programmable smoothing filter) which removes the noise signals.
    In one embodiment, processing assembly 50 includes a sampler 56 such as an analog to digital converter (ADC). Sampler 56 receives electrical signal 54 and samples the signal according to selected sampling parameters such as sampling frequency and duration, which produces a sampled signal 58 that can be sent to a processor such as processor 38 or a remote processor. The sampler 56 can receive sampling parameters from an external clock or a waveform corresponding to a particular sensor, a wavelength shift in the particular sensor, a strain on the sensor, a temperature on the sensor, or a strain on a element coupled to fiber optic assembly 22. Alternatively, the parameter can be determined on any processor including processor 38.
    In one embodiment, the processing assembly includes a system reference interferometer 58 configured to generate a system reference interferometric signal using the system reference feedback signal received from system reference core 26. System reference can be used with the signal 52 or applied to it to compensate for parameters such as downhole temperatures and vibration along the measurement path 30.
    In one embodiment, the system interferometer 58 is configured as a trigger interferometer 58 to generate sampling parameters based on an interferometric signal derived from the system reference feedback signal received from the system reference core 26. The trigger interferometer 58 receives an interference pattern signal or combines signals therein to generate the interference pattern signal which is used to establish sampling parameters. For example, firing interferometer 58 receives a portion of the reference beam from beamsplitter 44 and also receives the system reference feedback signal from reference core 26, and combines these beams to generate the interference pattern signal. .
    Trigger interferometer 58 provides a trigger signal 60 based on the interference pattern signal. For example, the trigger interferometer 58 produces a trigger signal using a negative to positive zero crossing of an interference fringe pattern of the interference pattern signal, such as a transition from a dark region of the fringe pattern to a region lit adjacent to the fringe pattern. In an alternative embodiment, trigger signal 60 can be produced from a zero crossing from positive to negative. Any suitable part of the fringe pattern can be used to produce the trigger signal. In one embodiment, an OEC 62 is included to convert the trigger signal 60 from an optical signal to an electrical trigger signal. The trigger signal is sent to sampler 56 to provide sampling parameters such as a sampling rate corresponding to the frequency of zero crossings from negative to positive and/or a sampling duration corresponding to time windows during which the pattern interference has an amplitude or magnitude above a selected value.
    FIG. 4 illustrates a method 70 of measuring downhole parameters. Method 70 includes one or more stages 71-74. Although method 70 is described in combination with system 10 and measurement system described above, method 70 is not limited to use with these embodiments, and may be performed by measurement unit 20 or other processing device and/or of signal detection. In one embodiment, method 70 includes performing all stages 71-74 in the order described. However, certain stages can be omitted, stages can be added, or the order of stages can be changed.
    In the first stage 71, fiber optic assembly 22 together with uncoated downhole string 12, tool 18 and/or other components are lowered to the downhole. Components can be lowered, for example, by means of a steel cable or a drill string.
    In the second stage 72, light from light source 34 is sent to beam splitter 44 which can split the light into a sensor beam to obtain signals from one or more detection locations 28 and a reference beam for use in an interferometer. system 58 such as trigger signal interferometer 58. In an exemplary embodiment, beam splitter 44 splits the received light such that the sensor beam includes about 90% of the light and the reference beam includes about 10 % from light. However, any split ratio can be used. The reference beam can also be further divided so that a part of the reference beam is directed to the system reference interferometer 58 and another part of the reference beam is directed to the reference core 26. Circulator 46 directs the sensor beam to sensor core 24 and directs the reference beam to reference core 26.
    In the third stage 73, the beams propagate through their respective cores and return signals are generated and received by the detector 36 and/or the measuring unit 20. For example, light reflected and/or scattered by each detection location 28 ( sensor feedback signal) and light in sensor core 24 reflected by reflector 42 (sensor reference feedback signal) are combined to generate interferometric data. Light in the system reference core 26 reflected by the reflector 42 (system reference feedback signal) is used in the system reference interferometer 58, for example, to generate a trigger signal.
    Reflected reference and sensor signals, reflected from sensing core 24, are combined and directed to detector 36 (e.g., via circulator 46). In one embodiment, the signals are converted to an electronic signal via the OEC 36. The reflected reference signal from the reference core 26 is combined with the input signal (eg via the trigger interferometer 58) to produce an interferometric reference signal. The interferometric reference signal is combined or otherwise applied to the sensor interferometric signal to produce a resulting signal that is compensated for vibration or other downhole parameters experienced by the measurement path.
    In the fourth stage 74, the reflected signal data is used to estimate various parameters along the optical fiber 22, such as along the measurement path 30. The reflected signal data is correlated with the detection locations 28, and parameters are estimated for one or more detection locations 28. Examples of such parameters include temperature, pressure, vibration, stress and strain of downhole components, chemical composition of downhole fluids or formation, acoustic events, and others.
    The systems and methods described in this document provide several advantages over prior techniques. The systems and methods allow integration of one or the other or both of the system reference and the sensor reference with the sensing fiber, in such a way that the system interferometer and the sensing fiber experience substantially the same vibration environment. , resulting in greater data fidelity. This configuration can also have advantages in providing more localized vibration correction by establishing multiple cavity lengths in the reference path (eg, core 26). The systems and methods are thus useful in underground hydrocarbon exploration, drilling and production operations because of downhole vibrations that may be involved.
    The fiber optic assembly 22 and/or the measurement system is not limited to the embodiments described in this document, and can be arranged with any suitable charger. The measurement system, fiber optic assembly 22, uncoated well column 14 and/or tool 18 can be incorporated into any suitable loader. A "carrier" as described in this document means any device, device component, combination of devices, means and/or elements that can be used to transport, house, support or otherwise facilitate the use of another device, device component. device, combination of devices, means and/or elements. Exemplary non-limiting loaders include spiral tube type drill strings, joint tube type drill strings and any combination or part thereof. Other loader examples include casing tubes, wire ropes, wire rope rigs, reclaimer wire rigs, bottom bottom assemblies and drill strings.
    In support of the precepts in this document, various analysis components can be used, including a digital and/or an analog system. System components such as measurement unit 20, processor 38, processing assembly 50 and other components of system 10 may have components such as a processor, storage media, memory, input, output, communications link , user interfaces, software, signal processors (digital or analog) and other such components (such as resistors, capacitors, inductors and others) to enable operation and analysis of the apparatus and methods disclosed herein in any of several well-understood modes in technique. It is considered that these precepts can be, but need not be, implemented in combination with a set of computer-executable instructions stored on computer-readable media, including optical (CD-ROMs), or magnetic (disks) memory (ROMs, RAMs). , rigid drives), or any other type that when executed causes a computer to implement the method of the present invention. These instructions may permit equipment operation, control, data collection and analysis, and other functions purported to be relevant by a system designer, owner, user, or other such personnel, in addition to the functions described in this disclosure.
    Additionally, several other components may be included and called upon to provide aspects of the precepts in this document. For example, a power supply (eg at least one of a generator, a remote supply and a battery), cooling unit, heating unit, motive force (such as a translational force, a driving force or a rotational force) , magnet, electromagnet, sensor, electrode, transmitter, receiver, transceiver, antenna, controller, optical unit, electrical unit, or electromechanical unit may be included in support of the various aspects discussed in this document or in support of functions other than this disclosure.
    It will be recognized that the various components or technologies may provide certain necessary or beneficial functionality or features. Accordingly, these functions and features as may be required in support of the appended claims and variations thereof are recognized as being inherently included as a part of the precepts herein and a part of the disclosed invention.
    Although the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be understood that various changes can be made and equivalences can be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. Furthermore, many modifications will be perceived to adapt a particular instrument, situation or material to the precepts of the invention without departing from its essential scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiment disclosed considered to be the best mode for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [0001]
    1. Apparatus for estimating a parameter, the apparatus characterized in that it comprises: an optical fiber (22) including at least one core (24) configured to be optically coupled to a light source and transmit an interrogation signal the at least one core including a plurality of detection locations (28) distributed along a measurement length of the optical fiber (22) and configured to reflect light; a reference optical path configured to transmit a reference signal, the reference optical path disposed in a fixed relationship to the at least one core and extending at least substantially parallel to the at least one core, the reference optical path in - including a reference reflector (42) which defines a cavity length corresponding to the measurement length; a detector (36) configured to receive a reflected return signal including reflected light from one or more of the plurality of detection locations (28); a reference interferometer (58) configured to receive at least one reference signal returned from the reference optical path and generate an interferometric reference signal; and a processor (38) configured to apply the interferometric reference signal to the reflected feedback signal to compensate for one or more environmental parameters.
    [0002]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical fiber (22) is a multi-core optical fiber (22) and the optical reference path is an additional core within the optical fiber (22).
    [0003]
    3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the reference interferometer (58) is a trigger interferometer coupled to a sampler (56), the sampler (56) configured to sample the reflected return signal according to sample-sampling parameters derived from the interferometric reference signal.
    [0004]
    4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical fiber (22) includes a sensor reference reflector (42) disposed at an axial location that is at least substantially equal to an axial location of the reference reflector (42).
    [0005]
    Apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a sensor interferometer configured to generate an interferometric measurement signal by combining the reflected feedback signal with a sensor reference feedback signal corresponding to the light reflected from the reflector reference (42) of sensor in the at least one core.
    [0006]
    6. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor (38) is configured to use the compensated reflected return signal to estimate at least one fiber optic parameter (22) at one or more corresponding locations to one or more of the detection locations (28).
    [0007]
    7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the processor (38) is configured to apply the interferometric reference signal to the reflected return signal to compensate for vibration, and estimate the environmental parameters based on the compensated reflected return signal.
    [0008]
    8. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the reference reflector (42) is selected from at least one of a mirror and a partially reflecting mirror.
    [0009]
    9. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical fiber (22) and the optical reference path are configured to be arranged in an unlined well in an earth formation.
    [0010]
    10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the one or more environmental parameters are selected from at least one of temperature, pressure, strain and vibration.
    [0011]
    11. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the light source is configured to emit a coherent, swept wavelength interrogation signal.
    [0012]
    12. Method for estimating a parameter, the method comprising: arranging an optical fiber (22) within a wellbore in a ground formation, the optical fiber (22) including at least one core (24) having a plurality of detection locations (28) distributed along a measuring length of the optical fiber (22) and configured to reflect light; disposing within the wellbore a reference optical path configured to transmit a reference signal, the reference optical path disposed in a fixed relationship to the at least one core and extending at least substantially parallel to the at least one core, the reference optical path including a reference reflector (42) defining a cavity length corresponding to the measurement length; transmitting a first interrogation signal to the at least one core; transmitting a second interrogation signal to the optical reference path; receiving a reflected feedback signal including reflected light from one or more of the plurality of sensing locations (28); receiving, in a reference interferometer (58), a reference signal returned by the reference optical path, and generating an interferometric reference signal; applying the interferometric reference signal to the reflected feedback signal to compensate for one or more environmental parameters based on changes in the cavity length of the reference optical path; and estimating one or more environmental parameters based on the compensated reflected feedback signal.
    [0013]
    13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the optical fiber (22) is a multi-core optical fiber (22) and the optical reference path is an additional core within the optical fiber (22 ).
    [0014]
    14. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the interferometer is a trigger interferometer, and applying the interferometric reference signal includes sampling the reflected return signal according to the sampling parameters derived from the reference signal. cia interferometric.
    [0015]
    15. The method of claim 12, characterized in that the optical fiber (22) includes a sensor reference reflector (42) disposed at an axial location that is at least substantially equal to a location axis of the reference reflector (42).
    [0016]
    The method of claim 15, further comprising generating an interferometric measurement signal by combining the reflected feedback signal with a sensor reference feedback signal corresponding to the light reflected by the reference reflector (42) of sensor on at least one core.
    [0017]
    17. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that estimating includes using the compensated reflected return signal to estimate at least one fiber optic parameter (22) at one or more locations corresponding to one or more of the detection locations (28).
    [0018]
    18. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the one or more environmental parameters are selected from at least one of temperature, pressure, strain and vibration.
    [0019]
    The method of claim 12, further comprising outputting a coherent wavelength-scanned interrogation signal by the light source, and dividing the scanned wavelength interrogation signal into the first interrogation signal. and on the second question mark.
    [0020]
    20. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the interferometric reference signal is applied to the reflected return signal to compensate for a vibration.
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-03-24| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-05-04| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-01| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 14/06/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/187,853|US8614795B2|2011-07-21|2011-07-21|System and method of distributed fiber optic sensing including integrated reference path|
    US13/187,853|2011-07-21|
    PCT/US2012/042401|WO2013012495A2|2011-07-21|2012-06-14|System and method of distributed fiber optic sensing including integrated reference path|
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