• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL AND SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE COMPONENT The present disclosure of the invention provides a spectrally selective panel comprising a first material that is at least partially transmissive to light that has a wavelength in the visible wavelength range and that is arranged to guide a adequate light. In addition, the panel comprises a diffractive element that is positioned in, on or in proximity to the first material. The diffractive element is arranged to deflect predominantly light that has a wavelength in an IR wavelength band. The first material is arranged and the diffractive element is oriented so that at least a portion of energy associated with IR light incident from a transverse direction of the spectrally selective panel is directed along the panel towards a lateral portion of the panel.
    公开号:BR112013033304B1
    申请号:R112013033304-9
    申请日:2012-06-29
    公开日:2021-02-02
    发明作者:Kamal Alameh；Victor Rosenberg；Mikhail Vasiliev
    申请人:Tropiglas Technologies Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a spectrally selective panel and refers specifically, albeit not exclusively, to a panel that is transparent to visible light and deflects infrared light. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Overheating indoor spaces, such as spaces that receive sunlight through large windows, is a problem that can be overcome with the use of air conditioners. A large amount of energy is used globally to cool indoor spaces. Most of the electric energy is generated using unsustainable sources, which generates an increasing environmental concern.
    US Patent 6285495 (owned by the present applicant) discloses a material that can be used as a glazing and that is quite transmissive to visible light, but diverts a portion of incident light to side portions of the panel in which it is absorbed by photovoltaic cells to generate electricity. This material is of double benefit: as the transmission of IR radiation is reduced, the heating of internal spaces can be reduced and at the same time electrical energy can be generated. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention provides in a first aspect a spectrally selective panel comprising: a first material that is at least partially transmissive to light that has a wavelength in the visible wavelength range and that is arranged to guide a suitable light, being that the first material comprises a luminescent material which is arranged so that a portion of IR light is absorbed by the luminescent material, resulting in the emission of light by photoluminescence, fluorescence or phosphorescence; a diffractive element that is positioned in, on or in proximity to the first material, the diffractive element being arranged to predominantly deflect light that has a wavelength in an IR wavelength band; in which the first material is arranged and the diffractive element is oriented so that at least a portion of energy associated with IR light incident from a transverse direction of the spectrally selective panel is directed along the panel towards a lateral portion of the panel.
    The spectrally selective panel according to the modalities of the present invention can be considered as a broadband IR heat shield for sunlight and can be used for various purposes. For example, the spectrally selective panel may be provided in the form of, or may comprise, a pane of a building, car, boat or any other purpose comprising windows or blinds. In addition, the spectrally selective panel can form a cover for an object.
    In a specific embodiment, the diffractive element is a grid such as a phasic grid and can be a transmission mode or reflection mode grid. The diffractive element can be a two-dimensional or three-dimensional grid.
    The diffractive element may have a grid period in the range of the IR wavelength band. For example, the grid period can be in the range of 1 μm to 10 μm, 2 μm to 6 μm, or approximately 4 μm.
    In addition, the diffractive element is typically maximized from visible light. Consequently, the diffractive element facilitates the maintenance of a high transmission of visible range simultaneously with the deflection of incident IR sunlight that helps the "trapping" of IR light within the panel through total internal reflection.
    In a particular example, the diffractive element is partially or entirely composed of the first material.
    The diffractive element can be fixed or formed on any face of the spectrally selective panel or any of the constituent parts of it. For example, the diffractive element can be a grid that is engraved on a spectrally selective panel face. Alternatively, the grid can be formed from a material that is deposited on a face of the spectrally selective panel portion. In addition, the grid can be embossed on a face of the spectrally selective panel portion or on a material that is deposited on the spectrally selective panel portion, such as a polymeric material.
    The diffractive element can further comprise a layered structure that is reflective to light that has a wavelength in an IR wavelength band and can be transmissive to light that has a wavelength in a wavelength range. visible light wave. The diffractive element can be a two-dimensional or three-dimensional grid that has a grid structure that is embossed or embossed on the layered structure.
    In a specific embodiment, the diffractive element is sandwiched between portions of the spectrally selective panel.
    In one example, the diffractive element comprises a plurality of grooves. The plurality of grooves can be at least partially filled with a material, for example, an epoxy, a dispersion material or the luminescent material.
    In an alternative embodiment, the diffractive element is also a grid, but it comprises a structure that has periodic refractive index variations without grooves. The spectrally selective panel may further comprise a dispersion material that is positioned on or over the first material. The dispersion material is typically represented by nano or micropowders of high refractive index material which may also have photoluminescence properties due to the composition itself or any added activating dopants, and such powder (s) is / are typically incorporated ( s) in a surrounding matrix material, for example, in a UV-curable liquid epoxy, and that dispersion material can also be arranged to disperse light in a preferred direction. Both the weight% of the dispersion powder concentration within the surrounding epoxy material and the characteristic particle size of the powder (and perhaps particle shapes or types of crystallographic phase content) are optimized to achieve maximized visible range transparency together with the best possible IR light trapping / deflection capability.
    There may be a plurality of such dispersion layers used within the panel structure.
    The diffractive element can also be one or more or more diffractive elements.
    The dispersion material can comprise micro or nanodimensioned particles and can be supplied in the form of a film.
    Depending on an angle of incidence, the luminescent material additionally facilitates the direction of the IR light towards the side of the spectrally selective panel.
    A portion of the dispersion material can also be dispersed within the first panel portion. Light scattering can be achieved in a substantially lossless manner within the visible and / or IR wavelength range if, for example, the scattering material comprises materials that have wide band intervals, such as oxide particles. rare earths (Yb2O3 or Nd2O3, for example).
    In one embodiment, the spectrally selective panel forms a visibly transmissive concentrator specific for IR. In addition, a portion of the IR light is directed to the side portions of the panel where it can be used, for example, to generate electrical energy using photovoltaic cells.
    The spectrally selective panel may comprise portions of the component panel and the diffractive element and / or dispersion material may be sandwiched between adjacent portions among the component panel portions that are positioned in a face-to-face relationship. For example, the diffractive element can be included in a layer that is sandwiched between the component panel portions and the layer can comprise the diffractive element in a side portion. Alternatively, the spectrally selective panel may comprise two diffractive elements that are included in a layer that is sandwiched between portions of the component panel and the layer may comprise the diffractive elements in respective side portions. In either case, the layer can also function as an adhesive that couples the component panel portions to the layer.
    The spectrally selective panel may further comprise a gap, such as a gap filled with air, a gap filled with gas between the component panel portions, which can be separated using suitable spacers. In a particular embodiment, the diffractive element and / or the dispersion material is positioned in or on the gap. The surfaces of the component panel portions that define the gap can be coated with the dispersion material and / or the luminescent material.
    In one example, the diffractive element comprises a plurality of grooves and is positioned so that the plurality of grooves is located in the gap.
    The spectrally selective panel typically also includes a reflective component, such as a reflective film, that is arranged to reflect incident light within an infrared (IR) wavelength band while being broadly transmissive to at least most of the light that has a wavelength within the visible wavelength band. The spectrally selective panel can also be reflective for UV light.
    The spectrally selective panel is typically arranged so that the reflective component, which is typically a multi-layered film or reflective layer, is positioned in a spectrally selective lower portion of the panel (on or near the inward facing window surface if used). in window-type products) and the spectrally reflective component reflects a portion of IR light that is transmitted through the first panel portion.
    In addition, the spectrally selective panel may comprise an upper layer in which the light is incident before transmission through the first panel portion of the spectrally selective panel. The top layer is typically a multilayered structure that is quite transmissive or even anti-reflective for visible light and arranged to reflect a portion of IR light, such as the IR light that is emitted by the luminescent material. comprises visibly transparent luminophores which are arranged for absorption of IR light. The luminescent material can also be arranged so that a (small) portion of incident UV light (or a small fraction of the incident visible radiation) is absorbed by the luminescent material resulting in the emission of luminescent light in random directions.
    In addition, the luminescent material can be arranged for the emission of luminescent light through upward and / or downward conversion of the frequency of the light received.
    The luminescent material may comprise laser dye molecules / organic or inorganic dye molecules and / or metal oxide-based luminescent materials such as rare earth oxide materials and may be located within the first panel portion and on one side bottom or top of the first panel portion of the panel. Alternatively, the luminescent material may be concentrated near a central region of the first panel portion. The luminescent material can also form a layer within or on the first portion of the panel. Alternatively, or in addition, the luminescent material can be dispersed within the first or second panel portion. In a specific example, the first panel portion comprises component panel portions that are arranged in a face-to-face relationship and the luminescent material is positioned between adjacent component panel portions.
    In a specific embodiment, the spectrally selective panel comprises at least one photovoltaic cell that is positioned on or near a side portion of the spectrally selective panel to receive a portion of the IR and another light that is directed to that side portion by the spectrally selective panel. For example, the at least one photovoltaic cell can be a photovoltaic cell based on Ge or GaAs, or a photovoltaic cell of CIGS (Copper Indium Gall Disselenide) or CIS (Copper Indium Disselenide) that has a relatively small bandwidth for the light absorption in the IR wavelength range. In addition, the at least one photovoltaic cell can comprise a stack of photovoltaic cells that have multiple band intervals.
    The present invention provides in a second aspect a spectrally selective panel comprising: a first material which is at least partially transmissive to light which has a wavelength in the visible wavelength range and which is arranged to guide suitable light; a dispersion material that is positioned on or over the first material, the dispersion material being arranged to disperse predominantly light having a wavelength in an IR wavelength band; wherein the spectrally selective panel is arranged so that at least a portion of energy associated with IR light incident from a transverse direction of the spectrally selective panel is directed along the panel towards a side portion of the panel.
    The invention will be more fully understood from the following description of specific embodiments of the invention. The description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure 1 is a representation of a spectrally selective panel according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 2 is a representation of a spectrally selective panel according to an additional specific embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 3 shows an additional schematic representation of a spectrally selective panel according to an additional embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 4 shows a spectrally selective panel according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 5 illustrates a schematic representation of an additional embodiment of the present invention; and
    Figures 6 and 7 show results of measurements that were made using components in accordance with specific modalities of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC MODALITIES
    Referring initially to Figure 1, a spectrally selective panel 100 is now described. The spectrally selective panel 100 can, for example, be provided in the form of a pane of a building, car, ship or any other suitable object. The spectrally selective panel reduces the transmission of light that has a wavelength in an IR wavelength band while being broadly transmissive to visible light. The spectrally selective panel 100 is arranged to deflect IR light and use the deflected IR light for the generation of electrical energy.
    The spectrally selective panel 100 comprises glass panels 102 and 104 in this modality. A diffractive element 106 is provided on one side of the glass panel 102. The glass panels 102 and 104 are separated by a gap filled with a material 108 that functions as an adhesive as well as a transparent matrix within which the luminescent and / or dispersion materials are incorporated, thus making it a functional composite material. Material 108 will be described in more detail further below.
    The outer surfaces of panels 102 and 104 are coated with multilayer coatings 112 and 110, respectively. Solar cells 114 are positioned in lateral portions of the spectrally selective panel 100. It should be noted that the spectrally selective panel 100 can comprise any number of solar cells, such as only a single solar cell positioned on a side portion only, 2, 3 or 4 or more than 4 solar cells. A plurality of possible ways of electrically connecting these solar cells can be used, that is, series connections, all in parallel and parallel bundles connected in more complex series of solar cells.
    The diffractive element 106 is arranged to spectrally reflect reflected and incident IR light, and for the transmission of visible light. Deflection of incident IR light is shown schematically by arrows 120. In this particular example, diffractive element 106 is a transmission mode blazed diffraction grating and is designed so that most of the incident IR solar light is deflected in a single preferred diffraction order, with the grid design features optimized for the light incidence angle which is governed by the midday solar radiation incidence angle typically expected on window surfaces. A person skilled in the art will observe that the diffractive element 106 can also be operated in a reflection mode.
    In this particular embodiment, the diffractive element 106 is formed on one face of the glass panel 102, for example, by engraving. Consequently, the diffractive element 106 is also composed of glass, or alternatively a layer of transparent film (such as SiO2) can be deposited on a glass substrate and then this layer of film can be etched or processed mechanically to form a diffractive structure. However, an individual skilled in the art will note that other provisions are envisaged. For example, the diffractive element 106 can be formed by embossing a grid structure in a polymeric material. In that case, the grid 106 can be formed at a remote location and then adhered to the glass panel 102. Alternatively, the grid 106 can be formed on the glass panel 102 by initially applying a polymeric material (or other suitable material) to one face of the glass panel 102.
    In one example, the spectrally selective panel comprises a layer (not shown) which can comprise a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and which is sandwiched between two glass panels. The layer in this example comprises dispersing and luminescent materials. A diffractive grid is embossed on each face of the layer and the layer is then adhered to the glass panels in the grids so that the grooves in the grids are closed by the surface portions of the glass panels. The layer typically also functions as an adhesive for coupling to the glass panels.
    The spectral properties of diffractive element 106 can be designed by those skilled in the art by adjusting the following parameters: refractive index, profile shape grid, brightness angle, duty cycle, grid period, number of phase levels and depth ( s) recording. In this particular example, the diffractive optical element 106 comprises a plurality of grooves 110, each groove having a distance in the range of 4 μm to an adjacent groove (grid period).
    The plurality of grooves 110 and the gap between the glass panels 102, 104 are filled with material 108. Material 108 is a luminescent dispersion powder comprising an epoxy. Material 108 provides adhesive, luminescence and dispersion functions.
    The scattering of incident light by the luminescent scattering powder increases a portion of the light that is directed to the side portions of the panel 100. This function is schematically indicated by the arrows 122.
    The light that is incident from a transverse direction of the spectrally selective panel can be absorbed by the luminescent material resulting in the emission of a luminescence radiation that is emitted in random directions which is shown schematically by the arrows 124. This results in a radiation that is oriented less transversely than incident radiation and consequently facilitates the directing of light to the lateral portions of the glass panels 102 and 104 to the solar cells 114 for the generation of electrical energy.
    A person skilled in the art will note that glass panels 102 and 104 can also be doped with luminescent materials that absorb a portion of incoming UV and IR light and emit luminescent radiation in random directions.
    The coating 110 is a multilayer coating and is arranged to reflect incident IR light within a wide IR wavelength band. In addition, the multilayer coating 110 is anti-reflective for visible light and reflective for incident UV light. Consequently, a portion of UV and IR light that is incident, from an upper portion of the spectrally selective panel 100 is transmitted through the glass panels 102 and 104 and then reflected by the multilayer coating 110. The glass panels 102 and 104 are arranged so that, depending on the angle of reflection, a portion of the reflected light is guided along the glass panels 102 and 104 towards the solar cells 114, where the IR light can be absorbed to generate electrical energy.
    A portion of the IR light that is reflected by layer 110 in a transverse direction is dispersed across layers 108 so that a corresponding light intensity is directed through internal reflection and / or multiple scattering to solar cells 114. Consequently, the properties of dispersion of layers 108 facilitates the reduction of IR radiation yield and energy generation efficiency.
    The top coating 112 can have anti-reflective properties in the visible and UV wavelength ranges - in order to use the maximum incident UV energy available within the panel structure, and therefore excite a range of inorganic luminophores, or alternatively it can have properties of high UV reflection and also anti-reflection properties across the visible wavelength range and at the same time works as a partial IR reflector. The antireflection properties of the visible range can also be adjusted through design to minimize the reflection of the incident light energy within a particular range of incidence angles. In another embodiment, the top coating 112 is arranged to be highly reflective for UV radiation while it is anti-reflective for visible light and optionally, yet highly reflective within a sub-band of IR wavelength within the which the luminophore materials emit light. The high reflectivity property in the UV band is used in this example to protect the luminophores from being adversely affected by the incident UV radiation. This coating is a multilayered structure that is designed to reflect IR light predominantly within the wavelength range in which the luminescent material emits light. Consequently, coating 112 largely prevents generated luminescent radiation from escaping without being directed to photovoltaic cells 114.
    The function of the spectrally selective panel 100 can be summarized as follows. After deflection by the diffractive element 106 and multiple dispersion events through material 108, an enlarged portion of the photons will propagate at angles that exceed the total internal reflection angle. Considering that a large fraction of the solar IR light is incident at large angles (facilitated by the scattering and emission of luminescence radiation), a large portion of that IR light will be trapped inside the spectrally selective panel 100 and will reach the side portions of the panel 100. The upper coating 112 is designed to reflect the light emitted by the luminophores and is visibly transparent. The bottom coating 110 reflects the vast majority of IR light at all angles and wavelengths. These properties combined with the angular redistribution of the incoming photons through multi-pass deflection and dispersion is a unique feature of the spectrally selective panels 100 according to the modalities of the present invention.
    It should be noted in an alternative embodiment that the spectrally selective panel 100 may not necessarily comprise photovoltaic cells 114, but may, for example, comprise vents or the like that are arranged to remove thermal energy that is directed in the form of IR radiation. for side portions of the spectrally selective panel 100. Some of the side portions can also be coated with highly reflective materials including Al or Ag or any suitable dielectric coatings that will redirect light away from such side surfaces towards other side surfaces of the panel .
    Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, the diffractive elements 206, 306 of the spectrally selective panels 200, 300 according to additional embodiments of the present invention are now described.
    The diffractive element 206 is formed on one face of the glass panel 102 and is a diffraction grating of the blazed type of transmission mode or a diffraction grating with grooves of a different type of profile (sawtooth, rectangular or trapezoidal).
    In this particular example, the diffractive element 206 comprises a plurality of grooves in which each groove has a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
    The glass panels 102 and 104 are separated by a gap filled with material 208. Material 208 is composed of an optical epoxy in which pigments and luminescent dispersion powders are dispersed. The epoxy couples the glass panel 104 to the glass panel 102. The material 208 has, in addition, dispersion and luminescence properties.
    Figure 3 shows a spectrally selective panel 300 comprising the diffractive element 306. In this embodiment, the diffractive element 306 also comprises grooves, but each groove has a triangular cross-sectional shape.
    Similar to the spectrally selective panel 200, the glass panels 102 and 104 are separated by a gap that is filled with a material 308 that is composed of an epoxy in which pigments and luminescent powders are dispersed or dissolved.
    Referring now to Figure 4, a spectrally selective panel 400 according to another embodiment of the invention is now described.
    In this modality, the gap between the glass panels 102 and 104 is filled with air. Similar to a double-glazed window structure, the span provides thermal insulation, enhanced overall structural stability, noise insulation and additional high-contrast contrast interfaces that lead to improved likelihood of light trapping in multiple reflections within the glass panels. due to total internal reflections.
    It should be noted that in alternative modes in that gap it can be filled with any other suitable dielectric material. It will also be noted that in variations of the described mode the spectrally selective panel 100 may comprise any number of glass panels that may or may not define gaps between adjacent glass panels. In addition, the glass panel or glass panels can be replaced by panel / panels of another suitable material, such as a polymeric material that includes, for example, polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and can also be supplied in the form of a laminate such as safety glass.
    The internal surfaces of the glass panels 102 and 104 are coated with a coating 408. The glass panels 102 and 104 are separated by a transparent glass spacer 406.
    Each of the coatings 408 in this example comprises a multilayered structure that is arranged for preferential dispersion of IR light in a direction for the side portions of the panel 400. In this embodiment, the coatings 408 comprise nano or microdimensioned particles of rare earth oxide that they have a relatively wide band gap so that the dispersion is effectively lossless (without absorbency). In addition, coatings (or layers) 408 may comprise an epoxy that couples glass panels 102 and 104 to spacers 406.
    The layers 408 further comprise luminescent materials and the rare earth oxides mentioned above doped to have that function. For example, if the light is incident from a transverse direction of the spectrally selective panel and then absorbed by the luminescent material, the subsequently emitted luminescent radiation is emitted in random directions. This results in radiation that is oriented less transversely and a portion of the luminescent radiation will be emitted in directions so that the glass panels 102 and 104 guide the luminescent radiation towards the solar cells 114 for the generation of electrical energy.
    Glass panels 102 and 104 can also be doped with luminescent materials that absorb a portion of incoming UV and IR light and emit luminescent radiation in random directions, but in a spatially isotropic manner.
    A portion of the IR light that is reflected by layer 110 in a transverse direction is dispersed by layers 408 so that a corresponding light intensity is directed through internal reflection and / or multiple dispersion to solar cells 114. Consequently, the properties of dispersion of layers 408 facilitates the reduction of IR radiation yield and the efficiency of energy generation.
    In this modality, the gap between the glass panels 102 and 104 is filled with air. However, a person skilled in the art will note that the gap can be filled with any other suitable dielectric material.
    The luminescent material, in this included example provided in layer 408, is located on the top and bottom faces of the glass panels 102 and 104, respectively. Alternatively, the luminescent material can be positioned on only one of the glass panels 102 and 104 which can be doped with, or can comprise, the luminescent material.
    Referring now to Figure 5, a spectrally selective panel 500 according to an additional embodiment of the present invention will now be described. The luminescent dispersion powder comprises a single material which is a composition and which provides luminescence as well as dispersion functions. Alternatively, the luminescent dispersion powder can be a mixture of component materials and each component material can have a respective function. The spectrally selective panel 500 comprises glass panels 102 and 104. In this embodiment, the glass panels are separated by a layer 506 which comprises an optical epoxy in which luminescent dispersion powders and pigments are dispersed. Alternatively, layer 506 may comprise a suspension or solution that includes the dispersion material and / or the luminescent material. Consequently, layer 506 combines the functions of coupling the glass panels 102 and 104 together, providing a luminescent material and acting as dispersion layers.
    The dispersion layers of the spectrally selective panels 400 and 500 were formed using RF sputtering and comprise rare earth oxides. The dispersion layers can be included in layers 408 and 506 described above, or provided in lieu of them. These rare earth oxide layers are prepared so that they have preferential dispersion / diffusion properties in the IR wavelength range and have an amorphous surface covering (formed by an oven annealing process), which is responsible for by the preferential dispersion in the IR wavelength range. These layers of microcrystalline rare earth oxide, which can comprise, for example, a layer of Yb2O3, have a thickness of 700 to 1,500 nm and are deposited on glass using sputter with RF magnetron in an atmosphere of Clean Air and reoxidated after deposition and annealed (crystallized) through processing in an oven for 3 hours at a temperature of 600 ° C in the air).
    Dispersion layers 408 and 506 combine dispersion functions, such as optically lossless dispersion, with luminescent energy conversion functions. Layers 408 and 506 have a thickness of some 100 nm and comprise nano or microdimensioned particles of rare earth materials (such as Yb2O3, Nd2O3) that have wide band intervals within their electronic energy level structures and allow dispersion essentially lossless light in the visible wavelength ranges and also IR. The rare earth particles are bonded by optically transparent UV curable epoxies (such as Norland NOA63 epoxy). In addition, luminophores (pigments and nanopowders) are dispersed within the epoxy material of layers 408 and 506. In one example, IR excitable hybrid organic / inorganic luminophores are dispersed in the epoxy at a concentration of approximately 0.25 to 1% by weight.
    Rare earth oxides can also be doped with luminescent rare earth materials represented, for example, by rare earth metal ions, and can, for example, be supplied in the form of Y2O3: Eu, Y2O3: Er or NaYF4: Yb.
    The spectrally selective panels 400 and 500 typically further comprise diffractive elements (not shown), such as diffractive element 106 described with reference to Figure 1.
    The reflective layer of IR 110 of the spectrally selective panels according to modalities as shown, for example, in Figures 1 to 5, will now be described in further details.
    Layer 110 is provided in the form of multilayer optical interference coating filters that have ultra wide band heat mirror properties and use a triple stack edge filter design. The 110 layer is also reflective in the UV range. Layer 110 is formed from A12O3, SiO2 and Ta2O5 using sets of RF sputtering procedures. The total thickness of such a coating is, in these modalities, between 4 to 8 μm and the order of optical materials within a sequence of layers can vary, depending on a chosen project. Annealing experiments (3 hours at 600 ° C with temperature ramp rates of 5 ° C / minute) demonstrated excellent stability. Layer 110 is resistant to cracking and scratching, heat resistant, non-hygroscopic and stable against the action of common types of chemical solvents.
    The performance characteristics of glass coating 110 have been tested and modeled. The results indicated that the fraction of the total integrated IR / solar light power contained within the wavelength range of 700 to 1700 nm and that it transmits optically through the substrate coating system is only approximately 4%. Since coating 110 has ultra-wide band properties, IR power reflectivity is efficient for a wide range of incident angles.
    As indicated above, the top coating 112 is provided in the form of spectrally selective emission mirrors. The coating 110 comprises multiple layers (20 to 25) of Al2O3, SiO2 and Ta205 and is prepared using sets of RF sputtering procedures. In these embodiments, the layer 112 is designed so that especially the luminescent radiation that is generated within the spectrally selective panel is prevented from transmission through the coating 112 by reflection. The thickness of such coatings varies with design requirements and is in the range of several μm.
    Figure 6 shows the transmission and absorption spectra of such a rare earth oxide layer in the glass (intensity as a function of wavelength in nm) as described, for example, for modalities shown in Figures 4 and 5. Plot 600 shows that transmission spectrum for a dispersion layer that has a thickness of about 1 μm, plot 602 shows the total reflection (specular and diffused) and plot 604 shows the corresponding optical loss spectrum (represented by the sum of loss contributions reflection and loss of transmission by dispersion and absorption). The layer showed preferential dispersion within the IR spectral range that covered most of the range close to IR. Visible transparency was close to 80%. After being placed in contact with an optical epoxy with a refractive index close to 1.49 (compatible with glass), dispersion is reduced and transparency is improved. This rare earth oxide dispersion layer has luminophore properties when excited by adequate light.
    Figure 7 shows the transmission spectra for the spectrally selective panels 400 and 500 (fraction transmitted in intensity as a function of wavelength in nm). Plot 700 shows measured transmission data for a spectrally selective panel type panel 400 (with air gap) and plot 702 shows measured transmission data for a spectrally selective panel type panel 500 (with air gap) ).
    It is worth noting that the air gap of the panel 400 does not significantly affect the visible transmission. In addition, since the epoxy has the index compatible with the glass, the epoxy itself does not cause any significant transmission loss.
    The function of the spectrally selective panel 400 can be summarized as follows. After multiple dispersion passes through the interfaces and dispersion layers, (statistically) more photons will be propagated at angles that exceed the total internal reflection angle for light rays that propagate within a glass panel surrounded by air. Considering that a large fraction of the solar IR light is incident at large angles (facilitated by the scattering and emission of luminescence radiation), a large fraction of that IR light will be trapped inside the spectrally selective panel 400 and will reach the side portions of the panel 400. The upper coating 112 is designed to reflect the light emitted by the luminophores and is visibly transparent. In some deployments, the spectral features of this coating can be used to provide a desired visible color for the panel in a range of colors suitable for different types of product. The bottom coating 110 reflects the vast majority of IR light at all angles and wavelengths. These properties combined with the angular redistribution of incoming photons through dispersion of multiple passes within luminescent and weakly absorbed or relatively thin non-absorbent layers 408 is an exclusive feature of spectrally selective panels 400 according to the modalities of the present invention. The dispersion effects also have the capacity to intensify the luminescence processes, improving the lengths of the luminophore absorption trajectory.
    Although the invention has been described with reference to particular examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention can be incorporated in many other ways. For example, the spectrally selective panels 100 and 200 comprise top and bottom coatings ll2, 110 and 210, 208, respectively.
    It will be noted that in variations of the described modalities the spectrally selective panels 100 and 200 may not comprise such reflective upper and lower coatings.
    权利要求:
    Claims (21)
    [0001]
    1. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, characterized by comprising: a first material that is at least partially transmissive to light that has a wavelength in the visible wavelength range and that is arranged to guide a suitable light, the first material comprising a luminescent material that is arranged so that a portion of IR light is absorbed by the luminescent material, resulting in the emission of light by photoluminescence, fluorescence or phosphorescence. a diffractive element that is positioned within the first material, the diffractive element being arranged to deflect predominantly light that has a wavelength in an IR wavelength band and that has grooves that are at least partially filled with a material additional or luminescent material; a reflective film that is arranged to reflect incident light within an infrared (IR) wavelength band while being broadly transmissive to at least most of the light that has a wavelength within the wavelength band visible wave, and at least one photovoltaic cell that is positioned on or near a lateral portion of the spectrally selective panel to receive light that is directed to the lateral portion; in which the first material is arranged and the diffractive element is oriented so that at least a portion of energy associated with IR light incident from a transverse direction of the spectrally selective panel is directed along the panel towards a lateral portion of the panel.
    [0002]
    2. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to claim 1, characterized in that the diffractive element is partially composed of the first material.
    [0003]
    3. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the diffractive element is a grid.
    [0004]
    4. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to claim 3, characterized by the diffractive element being a phased grid and having a grid period in the range of 2 μm to 6 μm.
    [0005]
    5. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the diffractive element is sandwiched between the portions of the spectrally selective panel.
    [0006]
    6. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the plurality of grooves is at least partially filled with a luminescent material.
    [0007]
    7. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the diffractive element comprises a dispersion material that is positioned in the first material.
    [0008]
    8. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to claim 7, characterized in that the dispersion material comprises a layered structure and is arranged to disperse light in a preferred direction
    [0009]
    9. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the diffractive element is included in a layer which is sandwiched between the component panel portions and in which the layer comprises the diffractive element in a lateral portion.
    [0010]
    10. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises at least two diffractive elements which are included in a layer which is sandwiched between the component panel portions and in which the layer comprises the diffractive elements in respective side portions.
    [0011]
    11. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to either of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the layer also functions as an adhesive that couples the component panel portions to the layer.
    [0012]
    12. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it comprises a dispersion material comprising micro or nanodimensioned particles.
    [0013]
    13. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to claim 12, characterized in that the light scattering is achieved in a substantially lossless manner within the visible and / or IR wavelength range and in which the dispersion material comprises oxide particles rare earth.
    [0014]
    14. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it comprises a gap between the panel portions.
    [0015]
    15. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to claim 14, characterized by the gap to be filled with air.
    [0016]
    16. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 14 or 15, characterized in that the diffractive element is positioned in or on the gap.
    [0017]
    17. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to claim 16, characterized in that the diffractive element comprises a plurality of grooves and is positioned so that the plurality of grooves is located in the gap.
    [0018]
    18. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that it comprises an upper layer in which the light is incident before transmission through the first panel portion of the spectrally selective panel.
    [0019]
    19. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE COMPONENT, as defined in claim 18, characterized in that the top layer is a multilayered structure that is quite transmissive or even anti-reflective for visible light and arranged to reflect a portion of IR light.
    [0020]
    20. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the luminescent material comprises visibly transparent luminophores which are arranged for the absorption of IR light.
    [0021]
    21. SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE PANEL, according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the luminescent material is arranged for the emission of luminescent light through upward and / or downward conversion of the frequency of the received light.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PL2726920T3|2018-03-30|
    CA2840647A1|2013-01-10|
    EA025686B1|2017-01-30|
    WO2013003890A1|2013-01-10|
    JP2017116939A|2017-06-29|
    MX342189B|2016-09-20|
    PT2726919T|2019-02-04|
    KR102046188B1|2019-11-18|
    BR112013033259B1|2020-11-24|
    KR20140068862A|2014-06-09|
    MY169653A|2019-04-25|
    CN103688199A|2014-03-26|
    EP2726919A4|2015-01-28|
    US20140182679A1|2014-07-03|
    CA2837746A1|2013-01-10|
    PL2726919T3|2019-06-28|
    PT2726920T|2017-11-27|
    US10429556B2|2019-10-01|
    DK2726919T3|2019-02-18|
    MY168834A|2018-12-04|
    AU2012278920A1|2014-01-09|
    CN103718068A|2014-04-09|
    MX343857B|2016-11-25|
    ZA201309540B|2015-06-24|
    EP2726919B1|2018-10-31|
    WO2013003894A1|2013-01-10|
    US11048030B2|2021-06-29|
    JP6349420B2|2018-06-27|
    EA201391811A1|2014-06-30|
    JP2014527638A|2014-10-16|
    EP2726920B1|2017-08-23|
    CN103718068B|2017-02-22|
    EA201391810A1|2014-06-30|
    NO2726920T3|2018-01-20|
    AU2012278913B2|2015-12-17|
    BR112013033259A2|2017-03-01|
    MX2013015438A|2014-11-14|
    IN2014CN00502A|2015-04-03|
    EA025686B8|2017-05-31|
    JP2014525050A|2014-09-25|
    EA027842B8|2017-11-30|
    MX2013015437A|2015-05-15|
    AU2012278913A1|2014-01-09|
    CN103688199B|2016-12-14|
    ES2710119T3|2019-04-23|
    EP2726920A4|2015-02-11|
    KR102045092B1|2019-11-14|
    CA2840647C|2020-07-28|
    US20140182676A1|2014-07-03|
    EA027842B1|2017-09-29|
    EP2726919A1|2014-05-07|
    AU2012278920B2|2016-02-04|
    ES2648362T3|2018-01-02|
    JP6072022B2|2017-02-01|
    EP2726920A1|2014-05-07|
    DK2726920T3|2017-11-27|
    JP6073876B2|2017-02-01|
    BR112013033304A2|2017-03-07|
    CA2837746C|2019-07-23|
    KR20140057415A|2014-05-12|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-02-18| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-11-17| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-02-02| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 29/06/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AU2011902631A|AU2011902631A0|2011-07-01|A Solar Energy System|
    AU2011902631|2011-07-01|
    AU2011904552A|AU2011904552A0|2011-11-02|A spectrally selective panel|
    AU2011904552|2011-11-02|
    AU2012900381A|AU2012900381A0|2012-02-02|A spectrally selective panel|
    AU2012900381|2012-02-02|
    AU2012901618|2012-04-24|
    AU2012901618A|AU2012901618A0|2012-04-24|A spectrally selective panel|
    PCT/AU2012/000778|WO2013003890A1|2011-07-01|2012-06-29|A spectrally selective panel|
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