• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    LIFT WELL CLOSING WITH LIFT CONTROL ASSEMBLY. The present invention relates to a door frame (14) of an elevator shaft closure (1) that has a chamber (16), in which an elevator control assembly (18, 28, 38, 48) is arranged. ). The elevator shaft closure (1) separates an elevator shaft (11) from a floor (9) of the building. According to the invention, the elevator control assembly (18, 28, 38, 48) comprises an elevator control unit (20) and at least one electronic potential unit (21, 21A, 21B), which can be coupled to an elevator motor (100).
    公开号:BR112013030671B1
    申请号:R112013030671-8
    申请日:2012-05-30
    公开日:2021-08-31
    发明作者:Roman HOPP；Manuel Teixeira Pinto Dias；Christian Lüthi
    申请人:Inventio Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to an elevator shaft closing door frame and elevator installation of a building, and an elevator control assembly is integrated in a frame chamber of the part.
    [0002] European patent EP 1 518 815 A1 describes an elevator shaft closure of a building with a door frame attached to the building structure and with movable doors. An elevator shaft closure separates a building elevator shaft from a building floor, and an elevator control assembly is integrated in a door frame chamber. The arrangement of the elevator control set within the door frame, among other things, is made possible by the fact that the elevator control set can currently be built smaller and the current consumption as well as the resulting lost heat, it was possible to be reduced and in this way, for example, space-occupying ventilation installations are not required. An elevator control assembly comprises, as disclosed in EP 1 518 815 A1, an elevator control unit as well as means for mounting and securing the elevator control unit. The elevator control assembly can be assembled and disassembled as an integral part with few manipulations being integrated into an elevator installation.
    [0003] The elevator control unit essentially comprises modules that are necessary for the control and/or regulation of the elevator installation. In addition, an elevator control unit of this type may contain interfaces and input modules important for the service of the elevator installation for diagnosis, presenting a network part for voltage supply.
    [0004] The elements of door frames of elevator installations, due to their dimensions, should not appear dominantly and, therefore, have very reduced cross sections. In existing elevator installations, the dimensions of these cross sections are rarely greater than 0.1 m x 0.15 m.
    [0005] In elevator installations, your elevator motor is usually arranged inside the elevator shaft itself. To operate the elevator motor, a power electronics that is activated by control signals from the elevator control unit is also required. The elevator motor integrated in the elevator shaft, through the power electronics, is linked to the electrical network. Generally, the elevator control device in an area of an elevator shaft closure is found in these elevator installations. The power electronics unit is commonly part of a frequency transformer that is usually arranged in the elevator shaft, close to the elevator motor. This is because electronic power units generate a considerable amount of waste heat. In addition, their electric and/or magnetic fields, ie electric and/or magnetic waves, can damage the elevator control unit in a sensitive way. Furthermore, in the elevator shaft, between the power electronics and the current network, there are electromechanical circuit breakers that cause considerable switching noise. Also, power electronics throttling coils generate considerable noise at work, which is why this unit too, due to noise, the power electronics will preferably be mounted in the elevator shaft. This arrangement, however, requires a high installation effort and necessary material.
    [0006] The purpose of the present invention is to create a door frame with an elevator control set whose maintenance and control are simple, and which requires reduced installation effort and material use.
    [0007] According to the invention this task will be solved with a door frame with an elevator control set, respectively, by an elevator shaft closure with the door frame according to the invention, as well as by an installation of an elevator shaft with at least one elevator shaft closure according to the invention.
    [0008] Preferred extensions of the door frame, in which the elevator control assembly according to the invention is arranged, are defined by the respective dependent claims.
    [0009] The door frame of an elevator shaft closure features a chamber, in which an elevator control assembly is integrated. An elevator shaft closure separates an elevator shaft from a building on one floor of the building. According to the invention, the elevator control assembly comprises an elevator control unit and at least one power control unit that can be coupled to an elevator motor.
    [00010] The conformation of the chamber depends on the choice of the cross sections of the profiles that are presented by the elements of the door frame. When the door frames are made of tubular profiles, this chamber will be integrated inside the door frame profile. When the door frame is constituted by angular profiles and/or U-profiles, a side wall of the chamber can also be constituted by the masonry of the building. For ease of maintenance, commonly the elevator control assembly will be mounted on a vertical door frame element, ie on the door post. The chamber volume, due to the small cross section of the door frame, is less than or equal to 0.1 m x 0.15 m and is therefore very limited.
    [00011] The disadvantages mentioned below have resulted in previous conclusions in the sense that the integration of the power electronics unit in an elevator control set, integrated in the chamber of a birthmark is widely rejected by the specialized sectors. Lost heat from different components, ie, electronic modules of the elevator assembly, especially the electronic components of the power electronics unit, in the spatially narrow chamber of the door frame, could make these and other electronic components of the assembly more reliable. elevator control are impaired. Thus, electronic components can overheat due to thermal upset, being destroyed or the lost heat can cause the electronics to work outside the permissible operating temperature, which results in signal processing failures. In addition, by users, people residing in the building and users of an elevator installation, excessive operating noises from circuit breakers and choke coils are very much refused when heard on the floor.
    [00012] The advantages of integrating the power electronics unit into the elevator control set, however, are manifold. Initially, costs will be reduced considerably because now it will only be necessary to join a motor cabling with the elevator control set and the elevator control set with the electrical network. In addition, a separate current supply line between the elevator control assembly and the current network is not required because the network section of the elevator control assembly supplies the elevator control unit and also the elevator control unit. power. Second, at the end of the assembly of the elevator control set tools, the elevator control unit and the electronic power unit must be reciprocally adjusted and synchronized. In addition, the entire elevator control set can be tested at the manufacturer's own plant. This results in complete adjustment work being unnecessary during assembly, repair or maintenance of the elevator installation. With reduced handling, the entire elevator control assembly and therefore, according to the invention, the elevator control unit and the power electronics unit can be replaced.
    [00013] Integration according to the invention of the electronic power unit in the elevator control assembly dominates the previous conclusion that the heat build-up of the power electronics unit and its emission of harmful influences is too great to be integrated with the unit control the elevator in the narrowest space inside the door frame chamber. As the waste heat, through suitable means, is eliminated into the elevator shaft and as the units, taking advantage of the surrounding components, are arranged in a skilful and reciprocal manner in the elevator control set, integration becomes possible. In addition, due to the skillful arrangement of the modules, taking advantage of the surrounding modules, the draft of air in the elevator shaft will be used to eliminate lost heat. This draft of air is formed especially by the movements of one or more elevator cabins and the compensating weights inside the elevator shaft.
    [00014] The draining of the lost heat should possibly not take place through the door frame itself, because in this case it would heat up. By eliminating heat lost to the elevator shaft, the door frame is at approximately room temperature and the user will not be disturbed by a heated door frame. Naturally, too, waste heat from the elevator control unit can be eliminated into the elevator shaft.
    [00015] Preferably, the elevator control set can also be accessed via the elevator column. To achieve this goal, the door frame in the chamber area may have an opening facing towards the elevator shaft. The elevator control assembly has a main support on which the elevator control unit and the power electronics unit are arranged. In the assembled state, the opening is closed by the main support. The opening must be closed so that combustible gases cannot pass through, preventing that in the event of a fire, the fire does not spread through the elevator shaft and through the opening in the door frame, reaching the floors. The “disposed on main support” feature means that the unit is arranged in close proximity to the main support. The electronic power unit and the elevator control unit therefore do not necessarily need to rest on the upper face of the main support. By means of spacers, they can be joined to the apparatus or, for example, they can be maintained by a mounting angle, fixed to the main support, at a distance defined parallel to the wall.
    [00016] A first possibility to eliminate the heat lost to the hollow of the well resides in having at least one passage in the main support. Through this passage a cooling body of an electronic module of the power electronics unit, of the elevator control unit, or a radiator of a cooling system projects into the elevator shaft when the main support is mounted on the elevator. door frame. To prevent the expansion of combustible gases through the elevator shaft, at least one passage of the main support is gastight by a continuously projecting cooling body, radiator or by sealing elements.
    [00017] The second possibility of eliminating the heat lost to the elevator shaft consists of at least one cooling body of the electronic component of the power electronics unit, the elevator control unit or the cooler of the cooling system is joined with the base support, conducting heat, transferring its lost heat to this unit. The main support itself features high thermal conductivity and comprises cooling ribs that face towards the elevator shaft when the main support is mounted inside the door frame. So that the lost heat is not directly transferred to those door components that face the floor, between the contact faces of the door frame components, and the main support, it can be an insulating material, for example, resistant to heat and surrounding the opening doors could be a seal in this regard. The cooling body of an electronic component or the cooling unit of a cooling system can be of any shape that is suitable for transferring heat to the main support. For example, the cooling body, ie the cooler, can have a flat and smooth contact surface which through suitable fastening means is braided against a flat and smooth contact face of the main support. In the case of cooling bodies and radiators that transfix the main support, these can naturally have the cooling blades that protrude into the elevator shaft.
    [00018] In this step, with the expression of cooling system, the device that is integrated inside the chamber and reinforces the waste heat transport of electronic components of the elevator control set in the main support must be understood, that is, by a radiator that transfixes the main support. Preferably, cooling systems are used that work to the greatest extent possible without noise. The cooling system of this type can, for example, be a heating tube (Heat-pipe), with a refrigeration cycle driven by a pump or a Peltier-element. The Peltier-element could be operated, for example, with the braking energy of the elevator motor, rather than destroying this energy through a braking resistor. Naturally, too, a through-flow cooling system, coupled to the building's water network, could be integrated into the main support, however, this is of little use for economic and ecological reasons.
    [00019] As the main support cooling ribs or the cooling body cooling blades, i.e., the radiator, extend inside the elevator shaft, they will be captured to draw air from at least one cabin of the elevator that travels inside the elevator shaft, with efficient cooling. To better take advantage of the cooling effect of the air draft, whose flow direction essentially takes place in the longitudinal projection of the well well, the main support cooling ribs or the cooling blades of the cooling body or radiator can be shaped and arranged in an appropriate manner. For example, they can be arranged in their longitudinal projection with an angle between 1° and 60° for the direction of movement of the elevator cabin integrated in the elevator shaft.
    [00020] Preferably, the chamber has chamber walls conducting electricity that are part of the reciprocal shielding of electric and/or magnetic fields and electric and/or magnetic waves of the elevator control unit and the electronic power unit. When the door frame is produced from an electrically conductive tubular profile, this will already be provided. Eventually, the chamber may be provided with deflector plates and/or shielding sheets when one face of the chamber is limited by the building masonry.
    [00021] The expression part of the reciprocal shielding means that the conducting chamber wall contributes to shielding from electromagnetic interference influences of the other units, however, it does not necessarily perform this task completely. Through a skillful arrangement of the elevator control unit and the power electronics units on the main support, the number of additional shielding means can be minimized. The expression "unit" does not necessarily mean to refer to a physical unit, but, for example, an electronic power unit can also comprise several conductor plates interconnected by connection lines and equipped with electronic modules. The expression "unit" therefore refers to the function of a module or a group of modules. The same also applies for an elevator control unit or a network component.
    [00022] As shielding means, for example, an electrically conductive shield cover, a shield cap, a shield housing or at least an intermediate wall of the chamber can be used. The power electronics and/or the elevator control unit may be completely surrounded with electrically conductive components that serve as a shielding means. An exception can be represented by cooling bodies or radiators which protrude into the cooling air well and which for the purpose of optimal heat removal must be in contact with the cooling air stream. Naturally, the electrically conductive walls can consist of sheet steel, aluminum or a soft magnetic nickel-iron alloy of greater magnetic permeability, or they can be coated with these materials.
    [00023] In an extension of the invention, on the main support, at least one of the second of the following waste heat generating units can be arranged: . a part of the network (transformer with rectifier) for supplying the elevator control unit; . a part of the network for supplying batteries; . another electronic power unit, for example, to feed back the electrical energy generated by the elevator motor into an electrical network.
    [00024] Naturally, the second power electronics will only be needed when the first power electronics has no feedback capability or if its recovered electrical energy is used to charge batteries. The braking energy of the elevator motor will, therefore, simply be transformed into heat by means of heat resistances, but it will be used. All of the aforementioned units also generate a considerable volume of lost heat in the narrow chamber, so that their lost heat will also have to be eliminated by the main support or by cooling bodies that transfix the main support, and/or radiators, being eliminated for the elevator shaft.
    [00025] According to the European standard EN81, in which safety standards are determined for the construction and assembly of elevators, two independent switching components are required to interrupt the energy flow between the elevator motor and the electrical network. These switching components can be, for example, circuit breakers, preferably also integrated in the door frame chamber. Correspondingly, the elevator control assembly can have at least one circuit breaker that is integrated between the current network and the power electronics unit. In order to minimize the switching noises of at least one circuit breaker, the elevator control assembly can have a regulator assembly that regulates the supply voltage of the circuit breaker switching coil in dependence on the current intensity to be switched.
    [00026] The electronic power unit for operating the elevator motor is preferably part of an electronic frequency converter. In principle, the power electronics of an electronic (static) frequency converter consists of a rectifier that supplies an intermediate circuit of direct current or direct voltage and, in addition, the frequency converter can also have other electronic modules, by example, a pulse amplitude modulation for activating the converter in order to generate its output frequency, data accumulator modules, a network section for supplying the other electronic components and other similar units.
    [00027] The intermediate circuit consists of a capacitor for smoothing the direct voltage and an inductance for interference suppression. As rectifiers, both uncontrolled and controlled bridges have been used. The supply of the intermediate circuit, when using a controlled bridge, can also be done with an active power factor correction (PFC). The rectifier works exclusively with electronic power circuit breakers (controlled bridges). Among other units, these can be transistors such as metal-oxide field effect transistors, semiconductors (MOSFET), insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) or switching thyristors (switched integrated gate thyristors, IGCT). The intensity of the resulting output voltage and also its frequency can be regulated within wide limits.
    [00028] In order to be able to brake, simple frequency converters have a unit called Brake Chopper, that is, a brake pulser, which conducts excess energy from the intermediate circuit to a braking resistor, where it transforms into heat. Otherwise, the intermediate circuit voltage would increase, and the capacitors would be destroyed.
    [00029] Nevertheless, there are also more complex frequency converters, with feedback capability, which can feed back to the electrical network the braking power of the hosted generator. In addition, there are direct converters (so-called matrix converters), in which, through semiconductor switches, each phase of the current network can be directly connected with each phase of the load. The intermediate circuit of uniform size is thus dispensed with. A direct rectifier with thyristors is, however, capable of generating output frequencies lower than the input frequency. Intermediate circuit converters and direct converters with IGBTs can, in turn, also generate output frequencies that are situated above the input frequency. Direct converters also have feedback capability.
    [00030] Frequency converters generate intense electrical signals interfering in the motor's mains which can not only harm other consumer units, but can also result in an increased load of insulating material on the motor. The motor supply line, to avoid interference radiation, often needs to be shielded. This can also be remedied by a so-called sine filter between the frequency converter and the elevator motor. These sine filters differ from network filters in their lower threshold frequency and higher load capacity.
    [00031] If the frequency converter is able to transfer in both directions of rotation energy from the intermediate circuit to the motor and in braking also back, the intermediate circuit is referred to as a four-quadrant drive. As, by virtue of its constitution, the intermediate circuit can only store a certain amount of energy free from destruction, measures must be taken to reduce the stored energy. A variant that is generally employed in cost-effective frequency converters is the transformation of electrical energy into thermal energy with the aforementioned brake suppressor which is activated by an electronic switch. In the case of larger volumes of energy, this method, however, is not desired due to ecological as well as economic reasons. The lost heat from the brake suppressor is also so intense that it cannot be stored in the door frame chamber. Therefore, in a very special way, frequency converters with feedback capability are adapted for the present invention. They can retransmit energy from the intermediate circuit to the mains. All types of motors with frequency converters with feedback capability can thus also be operated at changing speeds as a generator. This is especially interesting for driving escalators and moving walks.
    [00032] Instead of a second circuit breaker, the two separation points, required according to EN81, between the electrical network and the elevator motor can be realized by a circuit breaker and by IGBT locking on the motor side. The circuit breaker is placed between the mains and the frequency converter, the IGBTs on the motor side are placed between the intermediate circuit and the elevator motor. To ensure separation, the status of the circuit-breaker will be consulted through an auxiliary contact of coercive displacement and the activation impulses of the IGBTs on the motor side will be locked. This functionality is not tested by hardware security elements, but by a software for malfunction test (EN81 test).
    [00033] It is also possible to completely dispense with the use of circuit breakers. To achieve this situation, the frequency converter's direct voltage circuit can be regulated, that is, controlled with an electronic power switch, preferably an intermediate circuit IGBT. For this, a pulse amplitude modulation signal from a signal generator will be used. Instead of the circuit breaker placed between the frequency converter and the current source, the IGBT of the interference circuit can now be used to interrupt the energy flow. As required by EN81, two separation points are produced by blocking the IGBT of the intermediate circuit and by blocking the IGBT on the motor side. To ensure double separation, initially the voltage across the intermediate circuit IGBT and/or the current passing through this unit will be measured and controlled, as well as the activation pulses of all IGBTs (intermediate circuit and motor side) will be blocked . The replacement of the circuit breaker by a corresponding shaped frequency converter presents exceptional advantages for the present invention: . greater reliability, that is, contact safety, since, unlike the circuit breaker, bonding between contacts cannot occur; . absence of switching noises; . less complex cabling (power cabling and fine cabling); . simplification of the EMV concept, with the IGBT being integrated into the integrated circuit directly in the conductive paths; . less space requirement; . less energy is required and therefore less waste heat is generated.
    [00034] Another source of harmful noise can be choke coils. Its metal core consists of metal core sheets which are fixed in the form of a sheet pack. This fixation, then, is generally insufficient to prevent a reciprocal vibration of this metal core plate, when the throttle pump is subjected, for example, with alternating current. To keep the noise formation in the door frame as little as possible, the elevator control assembly may have at least one choke coil, whose metal core plates are welded together or the gaps between the metal core plates are filled with a plastic filling mass.
    [00035] As already specified above, the closure of an elevator shaft in a building features a door frame that is attached to the building itself with a chamber in which an elevator control set with integrated power electronics is integrated in accordance with with the invention, ie integrated frequency converter. In the door frame are also movable doors, which also form part of the elevator shaft closure. An elevator installation of a building features at least one elevator shaft closure with the elevator control assembly according to the invention.
    [00036] The closure of an elevator shaft according to the invention, that is, its door frame according to the invention, will be explained in more detail below, based on examples and with reference to the figures. The figures show:
    [00037] Figure 1 - an elevator shaft closure in three-dimensional view with the door frame and an elevator control assembly according to the invention, integrated in a door frame chamber;
    [00038] Figure 2 - parts of the column frame of the column of Figure 1, in a fragmented three-dimensional presentation, composing the chamber, as well as the elevator control set according to the invention, in a first modality;
    [00039] Figure 3 - the door frame in three-dimensional view with the viewing direction from the elevator shaft to the floor, whose door column contains the door components shown in Figure 2 and the elevator control assembly has a second mode, where the derivation of the lost heat to the elevator shaft is made both through the main support, as well as through a radiator;
    [00040] Figure 4 - a sectional sketch showing an elevator control assembly mounted in the door frame chamber, in a third version, with the derivation of the lost heat made exclusively through the main support;
    [00041] Figure 5 - a sectional diagram showing an elevator control assembly mounted in the door frame chamber, in a fourth version, with the derivation of the lost heat made exclusively through the cooling body that transfixes the support main and through a radiator;
    [00042] Figure 6 - principle scheme of a separation point converter - frequency in a first version;
    [00043] Figure 7 - principle scheme of a splitting tip converter - frequency in a second version, with feedback capability.
    [00044] Figure 1 shows an elevator shaft 1 closure of an elevator installation as perceived by a user of the elevator installation on a floor 9. A building not shown in more detail where the elevator installation is located presents a building 10 wall bordering an elevator shaft 11 indicated by broken lines.
    [00045] Elevator shaft closure 1 Elevator shaft 11 is separated from floor 9 by an elevator shaft closure 1. Elevator shaft closure 1 features a shaft door which essentially consists of two door frames 12.1, 12.2 and a doorframe 14. The doorframes 12.1, 12.2 are horizontally displaceable in the direction of an X axis of a special orthogonal coordinate system shown in Figure 1, with the other Y and Z axes. door 14 has three doorframe elements, that is, the lateral, vertical elements 14.1, 14.2 that form door jambs and are directed parallel to the Z axis, and by a horizontal, oriented top door frame element 14.3 parallel to the X axis.
    [00046] By the frame element of the vertical door 14.1, inside it, a chamber 16 is formed. The frame element of the vertical door 14.1 has several jamb walls, especially an external front jamb wall 16.1, as well as a wall of 16.3 side outer jamb. In the present example of embodiment, the front outer jamb wall 16.1 is parallel to a plane formed by the X and Z axes and the lateral shoulder wall 16.3 is parallel to a plane formed by the Y and Z axes. The outer front section wall 16.1 and the side section wall 16.3 face towards the floor 9. With the outer jamb walls 16.1 and 16.3, inner jamb walls can also be provided, which will be explained in more detail in connection with Figures 2 and 3.
    [00047] The external side jamb column 16.3 features an external opening that allows access to the chamber 16. This external opening may have a suitable random size, especially it may extend to most of the side jamb wall 16.3, as indicated in figure 1. Naturally, the external opening can also be formed in the external front jamb wall 16.1.
    [00048] The external opening can be closed by a cover 17. If the elevator installation is ready for service or is already in service, then the cover 17 will be mounted in its service position in which it closes the external opening. If the elevator installation is in service mode, the cover 17 will be in its repair position, being totally disassembled, that is, without contact with the vertical door frame element 14.1. Alternatively, the cover 17 could also be hinged on the vertical element of the door frame 14.1. The lid 17 is recessed with its outer face preferably aligned with the outer opening, whereby it is virtually vandal-proof and offers a satisfying aesthetic view. Naturally, the external opening and the cover 17 can be dispensed with when access to the chamber 16 from the direction of floor 9 is not necessary. Dispensing with the external opening and the cover 17 has advantages especially regarding fire protection.
    [00049] The external front wall of abutment 16.1 contains a passage in which a floor panel 31 is inserted, preferably on all floors of the elevator installation the same panel of floor 31 can be inserted. 31 may also be formed inside the cover 17. The floor panel 31 may have simple up/down selector keys, a call destination control, user identification reader devices, a touch screen with a user surface graphics and similar devices.
    [00050] Figure 2 shows parts of the door frame jamb 14 of Figure 1 in three-dimensional fragmented presentation. The features already described in Figure 1 have the same reference numbers. In Figure 3, the viewing direction is directed not from floor 9, but from elevator shaft 11 to the door jamb. The outer front wall of jamb 17.1 can therefore be seen from behind. In the same way, the floor panel 31 can be recognized behind. With the outermost front wall of the jamb 16.1, the device of the external lateral jamb 61.3 is joined and its external opening is closed with the cover 17. It is conformed to the external front wall of the jamb 16.1 , through a chamfer, an inner side jamb wall 16.4. This inner side jamb wall 16.4 is directed against the masonry of the building wall 10 when the door frame 14, as shown in Figure 1, was imbedded in the opening of the building wall 10. Due to the construction with the jamb walls 16.1, 16.3, 16.4 described above, because the door frame 14, in the area of the door jamb, has a U-shaped cross section, the chamber 16 maintains an opening facing the elevator shaft 11. This opening, that is, the chamber 16 formed by the door jamb components 16.1, 16.3 and 16.4 will be closed by a main support 16.2 of an elevator control assembly 18, in a first mode. In the main support 16.2, all the other components of the elevator control assembly 18 are arranged in such a way that they are located inside the chamber 16, in an assembled state. For best viewing, the outer side jamb wall 16.3 joined with the main bracket 16.2 and as shown in Figure 5 is shown rotated 90°.
    [00051] The main support 16.2 through strips of insulating material 16.5, 16.6 is thermally decoupled from the adjacent column walls 16.3, 16.4. When column walls 16.1, 16.2, 16.4 are produced from steel alloys with a high proportion of chromium, the so-called noble acts, it will be unnecessary to use strips of insulating material 16.5, 16.6 because these steel lines have a very low thermal conductivity .
    [00052] When the control of elevator 18 has to be replaced, it can be completely disassembled from the shaft side of elevator 11 by releasing the main support 16.2 from the abutment walls 16.1, 16.3 and 16.4. For this purpose, the elevator cabin not shown may be moved to a suitable height between two floors 9, so that an operator, positioned on the roof of the elevator cabin, or on one face of the elevator cabin work or crouched, can perform the necessary work.
    [00053] The elevator control assembly 18 essentially comprises the following modules: . the main support 16.2; . an elevator control unit 20, attached to the main support 16.2, an electronic power unit 21, attached to the main support 16.2, for operating an elevator motor (feedback eventually); . an optional second power electronics for feedback of electrical energy generated by the elevator motor; . a part of the network 18.4 for supplying the elevator control unit 20 and/or the batteries 18.8; . optionally, a refrigerator for cooling the units 20, 21, which generate waste heat, with the waste heat being drained to the elevator shaft 11; . optionally one or more switching elements 18.3, for example a circuit breaker; . fastening means for mounting the main support 16.2 to the chamber 16; . cable for supplying current and for making connections with the floor panels 31 and for connecting with the elevator motor; . an optional electrical or electromagnetic cover 17 control; . as well as an optional camera 16 lighting; . shielding means such as shielding cap, shielding plates or shielding capable; . appliances that are used for an emergency evacuation, eg batteries 18.8. According to an advantageous embodiment, the elevator unit 20 comprises the following elements: . elevator control hardware and software (eg, a main computer with logic elements and interfaces); . telealarm system and/or Intercom (for example, to be able to initiate a repair or emergency call).
    [00054] For the elimination of waste heat to the elevator shaft 11, different means can be employed. For example, by proper selection and arrangement of units 20, 21, their waste heat can be transferred to main support 16.2, which in turn releases waste heat to the air in elevator shaft 11. When, at Due to the restricted face, facing towards the chamber 16, of the main support 16.2, not all waste heat generating units can be positioned directly on the main support 16.2, different possibilities are open. These possibilities will be explained in more detail in the description of Figures 4 and 5. If the cold potential of the main support 16.2 as a flat plate is not sufficient, cooling ribs can be provided. The main support 16.2 shown in Figure 2 has such cooling ribs 16.8 that are arranged parallel to the longitudinal projection of the main support 16.2. The main support 16.2 shown is shaped in a monolithic shape, preferably as an aluminum profile produced by extrusion molding shaped in a monolithic way together with the cooling ribs 16.8. Naturally, the cooling ribs 16.8 could also be produced as individual components and by means of fasteners or in a cohesive way, being joined with the main support 16.2.
    [00055] Figure 3 shows a door frame 14 in three-dimensional view with the viewing direction from elevator shaft 11 to floor 9. Door frame 14.1 of door frame 14 encompasses door frame components 16.1, 16.3 , 16.4 shown in Figure 2, the cover 17 and an elevator control assembly 28, in a second version. But in Figure 3 only left side appliances of the side jamb 16.3, the main support 26.2 and the cover 17 of the door jamb 14.1 can be seen. To preserve the view, the presentation of the door stops was also dispensed with, which, according to Figure 1, separates floor 9 from elevator shaft 11 when no cabin is in the area where the elevator shaft closes.
    [00056] The elevator control assembly 28 has essentially the same units (elevator control unit, electronic power control unit, network components etc), the elevator control assembly 28 has essentially the same units hidden by the bracket main 26.2 (elevator control unit, power electronics unit, network unit etc) as per the elevator control set of figure 2 above. Only the main support 26.2 shown in Figure 3 differs in its conformation of this modality.
    [00057] Unlike what occurs in relation to Figure 2, the cooling ribs 26.8 shown in Figure 3 are arranged at an angle α on the main support 26.2. The angle α shown is approximately 30°, but also, due to flow examinations in the elevator shaft, it can also be selected differently, for example, between 1° and 60°. Due to the fact that the cooling ribs 26.8 are not arranged parallel to the longitudinal projection of the main support 26.2, the draft of air from an elevator cabin can be better utilized because the draft of air essentially takes place essentially in parallel to with the longitudinal projection of the main support 26.2. The draft air which therefore essentially flows in the vertical direction will be deflected and swirled by the obliquely arranged cooling ribs 26.8. This results in better mixing of cool, heated air in the intermediate compartments of the 26.2 cooling ribs and therefore results in increased cooling output. In addition, the heated mixed air will be diverted by the cooling ribs 26.2 in obliquely positioned away from the main support area and distributed in the elevator shaft 11.
    [00058] The cooling blades 51 arranged parallel in the longitudinal direction of the main support 26.2, are part of the cooling system integrated in chamber 16 and which is described in detail in Figure 5.
    [00059] In Figure 4, of a sectional sketch, an elevator control assembly 38 mounted in the chamber 16 of the door frame 14 is shown, in a third version and in schematic form. This arrangement has an elevator control unit 20 and an electronic power unit 21. The elevator control unit 20 is arranged on the side of the main support 36.2 facing towards the chamber 16. Its stage has different electronic components, whereby some 20.3 electronic components generate waste heat. The electronic components 20.3 have cooling body 20.2 are with the main support 36.2 and for this they transfer heat by thermal convection, that is, by thermal diffusion. In order to ensure cost-effective heat transfer in the simplest form, a flat and smooth adjacent contact face is formed on the main support 36.2 and on the cooling body 20.2.
    [00060] As shown in Figure 4, the electronic power unit 21 can be subdivided into different conductor plates 21.1,21.2, and its "hot" electronic components 21.3, which during operation generate a considerable volume of lost heat, are brought together, for example, on a first conductive board 21.1 and the other "cold" electronics 21.4 are arranged on a second conductive board 21.2. Naturally, too, "cold" 21.4 electronics have an internal electrical resistance that results in potential losses and therefore lost heat. The heat build-up of these electronic components 21.4, however, is so low that this heat can be eliminated by thermal convection through the air in chamber 16 of the door frame elements, which hardly heat up due to their mass. The second conductive board 21.2 can be randomly arranged in the chamber 16, whereas the first conductive board 21.1 is arranged with the "hot" electronics 21.3 preferably in the main support 36.2. Of course, the division described above is also possible for two or more conducting plates also in the elevator control unit 20.
    [00061] If, in the main support 36.2, an insufficient area is foreseen, the first conductive plate 21.1, arranged distanced from the main support 36.2, as shown, through a cooling system 50 can be joined with the main support 36.2, conducting heat. The cooling system 50 shown in Figure 4 is a pump-operated refrigeration cycle. The cooling system 50 features a 52.1 cooler disposed on the 36.2 main support, a 52.2 advance, a 41.3 return with the 52.4 pump, and a 52.5 system cooling body. In the cooling system of system 52.5, the first conductive plate 21.1 is arranged. Naturally, the electronic power unit 21 can also be arranged on a stage, the cooling body of the system 52.5 being able to extend over the entire stage or just over the areas of the stage in which "hot" electronic components are arranged.
    [00062] As a refrigerant 52.6, liquids such as water or mixtures of water and glycol can be used. But also gaseous substances at room temperature and normal pressure such as propane, butane or fluorine-chlorine hydrocarbons can be used. When using gases, the refrigeration cycle can be configured as that of a heat pump with a diaphragm and a compressor, in place of the pump 52.4.
    [00063] Inside the chamber there is also arranged a cooling body of system 52.5, a component of network 18.4 whose heat-generating electronic components are also cooled by the cooling system 50. The waste heat from the elevator control unit 20, transferred to the main support 36.2 as well as power electronics 21 as well as the network part 18.4 will be transferred by thermal convection by the main support 36.2 to the air in the elevator shaft 11. To increase the exchange surface, the exchange support 36.2 has cooling ribs 16.8, facing the elevator shaft 11.
    [00064] For the purpose of shielding the elevator control unit 20 and the electronic power unit 21, shielding layers 32, 33 electrical conductors are provided, as shown in Figure 4, and unite, for example, the elevator control unit 20 and the power control unit 21. All means intended for the shielding must be joined together, conducting electricity. Preferably these units will be grounded.
    [00065] The elevator control set 38 also has at least one mono-stable relay, that is, a circuit breaker 75 that is arranged between a network 90 and the power electronics unit 21 for driving an elevator motor. To minimize switching noises from at least one circuit breaker 75, the elevator control assembly may have a regulator assembly 75.1 which regulates the supply voltage of the switching coil of the circuit breaker 75 in dependence on the current intensity to be switched.
    [00066] Also Figure 5 shows in sectional sketch a control assembly of the elevator 48, integrated in the chamber 16 of the door frame 14, being presented in a fourth version, and its main support 46.2 has passages 65, 66, 67 through which the cooling bodies 40.2 of a second power electronics unit 19 and a radiator 62.1 of a cooling system 60 pass through. The second electronic power unit 19 serves to feed back the electrical energy generated by the elevator motor to the electrical network. The stage 71 of the second electronic power unit 19 completely covers passages 66, 67 so that the chamber 16 is gastight separate from the elevator shaft 11. Furthermore, the stage 71 of the second electronic power unit 19 is indicated with a choke coil 68 with the metal core 69, the metal core sheets of which are welded together or the gaps between the metal core sheets are filled with a plastic filler.
    [00067] The radiator 62.1 as well as the cooling body 40.2 have cooling blades 51. The other components of the elevator control assembly 48 correspond in their situation almost to the elevator control assembly 38 of figure 4, which is why for these units the same reference numbers are used. In the example of execution of figure 5, the elimination of lost heat from the electronic components or through the main support is verified, however, directly by the cooling bodies 40.2 and by the radiator 62.1 whose cooling blades 51 extend inside the elevator shaft 11 These will be cooled especially by the draft of air that is caused in the elevator shaft 11 by the movements of an elevator car 13. The cooling system 60 shown in Figure 5 is a main tube (Heat-pipe). This features a cooling body of the 62.5 system which through a connecting tube 62.2 is joined with the radiator 62.1. In the cooling system of system 62.1 there is a liquid 62.6 which, by the action of the lost heat of the electronic components of the power electronics unit 21 and of the network component 18.4, evaporates. The generated steam 62.4 lights up through the connecting tube 62.2 to the radiator 62.1 and produces compensation on the thin inner walls of the radiator 62.1 in the form of drops of condensate 62.3 and the requested heat transported by the steam will be released to the radiator 62.1. Condensate droplets 62.3 flow under the influence of gravity back to the cooling body of system 62.5.
    [00068] In the chamber 16 there is also arranged a battery 18.8 which can be periodically charged by the network component 18.4. Battery 18.8 is used to supply the elevator control set 48 in order to preserve emergency functions determined when the power grid fails. The electronic power unit 21 is a separation point frequency converter and has two separation points required according to the EN81 standard, as schematically presented in Figures 6 and 7 and described below. Therefore, in this version of the elevator control set 48, an electromechanical switch element such as a mono-stable relay or a circuit breaker is not provided.
    [00069] The control unit of the elevator 20 is protected one by a shielded cover 32 and an electrically conductive mounting plate 70 of the elevator control assembly 48, against electric and/or magnetic fields and/or electric waves and/ or magnetic waves from electronic power units 19, 21.
    [00070] Figure 6 presents a main scheme of an electronic power unit in a first version, which, according to the European standard EN81, presents two separation points. The power electronics shown in Figure 6 is a 21A separation point frequency converter that can be integrated, for example, in an elevator control installation of Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 5, without at least having to be used an electromechanical switch element.
    [00071] According to a frequency converter known in the prior art, also the separation point frequency converter 21A has an intermediate circuit of direct voltage 108. This circuit, through a network filter 101 and through a bridge rectifier of three-phase current 102 (mains side potential semiconductor) is connected with a mains 90. Between the elevator motor 100 and the DC voltage intermediate circuit 1098 a converter 107 with IGBT is integrated, which transforms the DC current of the intermediate circuit of direct voltage 108 in three-phase current with varying frequency. Between the positive path 111 and the negative path 112 of the DC intermediate circuit 108 there are also two Snubber-type capacitors 103, 106, intermediate circuit capacitors with parallel resistors 104 and a pulse-brake unit coupled via an IGBT brake 109.
    [00072] According to EN81, two independent control components are required to interrupt the flow of energy from the power grid 90 to the elevator motor 100. In the known state of the art, these two separating points will be formed by an integrated circuit breaker between a network filter and the three-phase current rectifier bridge and by blocking the IGBT of the converter. To ensure separation, the status of the circuit-breaker will be consulted through a coercive auxiliary contact and the activation impulses of the IGBT converter will be blocked. This functionality will be tested not by hardware-side security components, but by a functional failure test. In addition, the DC voltage intermediate circuit must be loaded in a defined manner by frequency converters of the aforementioned kind, so that the Snubber capacitors (damping capacitors) and the intermediate circuit capacitors are not destroyed. The DC voltage intermediate circuit is usually loaded with the aid of a switched pre-resistance. After charging the DC voltage intermediate circuit, it will be switched directly to the network via the circuit-breaker.
    [00073] Instead of the circuit breaker, the separation point frequency converter 21A shown in Figure 6 presents an electronic power switch, preferably an IGBT of intermediate circuit 111 in the intermediate circuit of direct voltage 108. This can be arranged or in the path positive 111 or negative path 112. Both positive path 111 and negative path 112 may be provided with an intermediate circuit choke coil 114. The DC voltage intermediate circuit 108 will have its voltage regulated and/or current regulated by the cadence of Pulse amplitude modulation of the IGBT 110 intermediate circuit with respect to voltage and/or electrical current, that is, it will be controlled and charged in a defined way. After the charging process, the intermediate circuit IGBT 110 will be permanently switched on. Correspondingly, the so-called integrated pre-resistance according to the state of the art will be dispensed with. When the intermediate circuit IGBT 110 is blocked, the intermediate circuit of direct voltage 108 and, therefore, the energy flow, will be interrupted. Together with the blocking of the IGBT activation pulses on the motor side relative to the converter 107, the double separation required by EN81 from the energy flow will be present.
    [00074] To ensure double separation, the voltage will be measured through the intermediate circuit IGBT 110 and/or the current will be measured (power flow is no longer present), and the activation pulses of all IGBTs of the converter 107 and the circuit intermediate direct voltage 108 will be closed. Optionally, for each phase, between the converter 107 and an elevator motor 100, throttling coils of the motor 113 can still be provided.
    [00075] Figure 7 presents a scheme of principle of an electronic power unit in a second version which according to the European standard EN81 presents two separation points. The power electronics shown in Figure 7 is a separation point frequency converter 21B with feedback capability, that is, the braking energy of the elevator motor 100 and the energy of the continuous maintenance intermediate circuit 128 can be fed back. in the mains 90. To achieve this situation, the separation point-frequency converter 21B, with feedback capability, shown in Figure 7, is differentiated from the unit shown in Figure 6, by the fact that it has two converters 122, 127. The first converter 122 is arranged between the mesh filter 101 and the DC voltage intermediate circuit 128, the second converter 127 is integrated between the DC voltage intermediate circuit 128 and the elevator motor 100. Between the positive path 131 and the negative path 132 of the DC intermediate circuit 128 are also arranged two capacitors 103, 106 Snubber, as well as internal circuit capacitors. thermometer with parallel resistors 104. Due to the feedback capability, the need to integrate a braking separator in the intermediate voltage 128 circuit is eliminated.
    [00076] Also the 21B separation point frequency converter with feedback capability, shown in Figure 7, comprises an electronic power switch preferably an intermediate circuit IGBT 110 in the DC intermediate circuit 128. This can be arranged or in the positive path 131 or negative path 132. The DC intermediate circuit 128 will be loaded in a defined manner by the pulse amplitude modulation cadencing of the IGBT 110 intermediate circuit. The pulse amplitude modulation modulation takes place with voltage modulation and/ or current, that is, controlled by voltage and/or current. After the charging process, the intermediate circuit-IGBT 110 is permanently switched on. Correspondingly, the switched pre-resistance known in the prior art is dispensed with. When the IGBT-intermediate circuit 110 is blocked, the DC-voltage intermediate circuit 128 and therefore the energy flow will be interrupted. Together with the blocking of the IGBT activation pulses on the motor side of the second converter 127, a double separation of the energy flow required by EN81 is present. By blocking the mains side IGBT activation pulses of the first converter 122 even a third separator point can be generated. Furthermore, for each phase between the second converter 127 and the elevator motor 100, motor choke coils 113 can still be provided, and between the network filter 101 and the first converter 122 can be provided for network choke coils 115.
    [00077] Although the invention has been described with the presentation of specific embodiments, it is evident that numerous other variants can be created with knowledge of the present invention, for example, because the characteristics of the different embodiments are combined with each other and/ or by replacing individual functional units of the execution examples. For example, in all execution examples, the cooling bodies of the electronic components of the elevator control unit and the power control unit can be joined with the main support, conducting heat. Naturally, also the cooling blades, like the cooling ribs, can be arranged at an angle to the longitudinal projection of the main support.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    1. Door frame (14) of an elevator shaft closure (1), which separates an elevator shaft (11) from a floor (9) of a building, in a chamber (16) of the door frame (14) an elevator control assembly (18, 28, 38, 48) is arranged, the elevator control assembly (18, 28, 38, 48) comprising an elevator control unit (20) and at least an electronic potential unit (21,21A, 21B), attachable to an elevator motor (100), characterized in that it contains in the chamber area (16) an opening directed against the elevator shaft (11) and the elevator control assembly (18, 28, 38, 48) has a main support (16.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2) on which the elevator control unit (20) and the electronic potential unit (21) are arranged. , 21A, 21B), the opening being closed by the main support (16.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2).
    [0002]
    2. Door frame (14) according to claim 1, characterized in that in the main support (16.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2) there is provided at least one passage (65, 66, 67), whereby passage (65, 66, 67) a cooling body (20.2, 40.2) of an electronic component (20.3) of the potential electronics unit (21.21A, 21B), of the elevator control unit (20) or a radiator (62.1) of the cooling system (60) projects into the elevator shaft (11) when the main support (16.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2) is mounted inside the door frame (14) with at least one passage ( 65, 66, 67) of the main support (16.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2) is gastight closed by the transfixing cooling body (20.2, 40.2), the radiator (62.1) or by sealing elements.
    [0003]
    3. Door frame (14) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one cooling body (20.2, 40.2) of an electronic component (20.3) of the electronic potential unit (21,21A) , 21B), of the elevator control unit (20) or a cooler (52.1) of a cooling system (50) is joined, conducting heat, with the main support (16.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2) being the support main (16.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2) has high thermal conductivity and contains cooling ribs (16.8, 26.8) facing towards the elevator shaft (11) when the main support (16.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2) is mounted inside of the door frame (14).
    [0004]
    4. Door frame (14) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the cooling system (50, 60) is a thermal tube, with a refrigerant cycle driven by pump or Peltier element.
    [0005]
    5. Door frame (14) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the cooling ribs (26.8) of the main support (16.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2) or the cooling blades ( 51) of the cooling body (20.2, 40.2) or the radiator (62.1) are arranged in its longitudinal projection at an angle between 1° and 60° in the direction of movement of an elevator cabin (13) integrated in the elevator shaft ( 11).
    [0006]
    6. Door frame (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the chamber (16) has electrically conductive wall chambers (16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4) that are part of the shield reciprocal of electric and/or magnetic fields and electric and/or magnetic waves from the elevator control unit (20) and the electronic potential unit (19, 21, 21A, 21B).
    [0007]
    7. Door frame (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the electronic potential unit (19, 21, 21A, 21B) and/or the elevator control unit (20 ) is shielded by an electrically conductive shield cover, a shield capable (32, 33), a shield housing or at least by an intermediate chamber wall.
    [0008]
    8. Door frame (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, in addition, on the main support (16.2, 26.2, 36.2, 46.2) at least one of the following is arranged waste heat generating units: • a network component (18.4) for supplying the elevator control unit (20), • a network component (18.4) for supplying the batteries (18.8), • another electronic potential unit (19 ).
    [0009]
    9. Door frame (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the elevator control assembly (18, 28, 38, 48) has at least one circuit breaker (75) integrated between a current network (90) and the electronic potential unit (21.21A, 21B) as well as a regulator assembly (75.1) that regulates the supply voltage of the switch coil of the circuit breaker (75) depending on the current intensity to be switched.
    [0010]
    10. Door frame (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the electronic unit of potential (19, 21, 21A, 21B) is a frequency converter.
    [0011]
    11. Door frame (14) according to claim 10, characterized in that the frequency converter (19, 21, 21A, 21B) has an electronic potential switch (110) in the DC intermediate circuit to interrupt the flow of energy from the electrical network (90) to the elevator (100).
    [0012]
    12. Door frame (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the elevator control assembly (18, 28, 38, 48) has at least one choke coil (68, 113 , 114, 115) to which the metal core sheets forming a metal core (69) are welded or the gaps between the metal core sheets are filled with a plastic filler.
    [0013]
    Elevator shaft closure (1) of a door frame (14) attached to the building as defined in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it has movable doors (12.1, 12.2).
    [0014]
    14. Installation of elevators in a building, characterized in that it has at least one elevator shaft closure (1) as defined in claim 13.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    KR20140082943A|2014-07-03|
    CN103648956B|2015-04-15|
    EP2714570A1|2014-04-09|
    ES2549216T3|2015-10-26|
    EP2714570B1|2015-07-08|
    CN103648956A|2014-03-19|
    EP2530043A1|2012-12-05|
    BR112013030671A2|2016-12-06|
    WO2012163971A1|2012-12-06|
    KR101907718B1|2018-10-12|
    US20120305337A1|2012-12-06|
    US9162850B2|2015-10-20|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-01-07| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-09| B07A| Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-22| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-08-31| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 30/05/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP11168022A|EP2530043A1|2011-05-30|2011-05-30|Lift shaft cover with a lift control assembly|
    EP11168022.9|2011-05-30|
    PCT/EP2012/060153|WO2012163971A1|2011-05-30|2012-05-30|Elevator shaft closure having an elevator control assembly|
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