absorbent structure for absorbent articles

专利摘要:
ABSORBENT STRUCTURE FOR ABSORBENT ITEMS. The present invention relates to absorbent diaper structures, which comprise, immobilized on a backing sheet, an absorbent layer with absorbent material containing particles of superabsorbent polymer and, there, in the anterior region, a first and a second substantially longitudinal channel, each being exempt from said superabsorbent polymeric particles, for improved adaptation and / or performance during its use.
公开号:BR112013030593B1
申请号:R112013030593-2
申请日:2012-06-08
公开日:2021-02-17
发明作者:Rodrigo Rosati；Carsten Heinrich Kreuzer；Hans Adolf Jackels；Blanca Arizti；Ernesto G. Bianchi；Donald Carroll Roe
申请人:The Procter & Gamble Company；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] [001] The present invention relates to an absorbent structure for absorbent articles, such as diapers, comprising an absorbent layer with absorbent material containing particles of superabsorbent polymer and, in the same region, in the front region, a first and a second substantially longitudinal channel, each being free of superabsorbent polymeric particles, for improved adaptation and / or performance during use. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] [002] Disposable absorbent articles for receiving and retaining body discharges such as urine or faeces are well known in the art. Examples of these include disposable diapers, training pants and adult incontinence items. Typically, disposable diapers comprise a liquid-permeable top layer that faces the user's body, a liquid-impermeable bottom layer that faces the clothing and an absorbent core interposed between the liquid-permeable top layer and the bottom layer.
[0003] [003] Since its introduction in the market, disposable diapers have been continuously optimized in terms of comfort, adaptation and functionality.
[0004] [004] An important component of disposable absorbent articles is the absorbent core / absorbent structure. The absorbent core / structure typically includes superabsorbent polymer material, such as a hydrogel-forming polymer material, also called an absorbent gel material, MGA, or superabsorbent polymer, PSA. This superabsorbent polymer material ensures that large amounts of body fluids, for example, urine, can be absorbed by the absorbent article during use and stored, thereby providing low rewetting and good skin dryness.
[0005] [005] Traditionally, the superabsorbent polymer material is incorporated into the pulp-absorbent core structure, that is, cellulose fibers. However, over the years, a significant effort has been expended to produce thinner absorbent core structures that can still capture and store large amounts of discharged body fluids, in particular urine. So far, it has been proposed to reduce or eliminate these cellulose fibers from the absorbent core structures.
[0006] [006] In some cases, to maintain the mechanical stability of the absorbent core structures, small amounts of thermoplastic adhesive material, such as fibrous thermoplastic adhesive material, can be added, for example, to stabilize the absorbent polymeric material. Consequently, absorbent structures that have permeability / porosity, reduced gel blockage, and that form stable structures, necessary for use or transportation, are provided.
[0007] [007] However, it has been found that some absorbent core structures with reduced cellulose fiber contents, while being very thin when not loaded with bodily fluids, can have an increased hardness when partially loaded or fully loaded, specifically in regions that comprise most of the absorbent capacity of the absorbent article, such as the frontal region and the region between the thighs of the diaper. Increased hardness is not desirable, as it reduces the ability of the absorbent article to adapt to the wearer's body once worn. Therefore, there is still a need for absorbent articles that have an increased flexibility throughout the use of the article, which in particular provide a better adaptation in the wet state (to equal absorption and containment performances).
[0008] [008] The inventors have surprisingly found that by providing specific channels that are free of superabsorbent polymer particles or free of superabsorbent polymer material in the front region of the absorbent core / structure, diapers of increased flexibility at equal performances are provided. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] [009] The invention relates to an absorbent structure (17) for a diaper, comprising a backing sheet (16) and an absorbent layer (50) of absorbent material, which comprises at least one superabsorbent polymer material and, optionally , a cellulosic material, the absorbent layer (50) being supported by and immobilized on the support sheet (16), and the absorbent layer (50) having a transversal dimension and an average width W, a longitudinal dimension and an average length L , and a height dimension, and the absorbent layer (50) having a first and a second longitudinally extending side part, one on each side of the longitudinal axis, and the absorbent layer (50) having a front region, a posterior region and, between them, a region between the thighs, each sequentially arranged in the longitudinal dimension, the absorbent layer (50) having at least a first channel that extends substantially longitudinally (26) and a second channel that extends substantially longitudinally (26) that are substantially free of the superabsorbent polymer material, and extend across the height of the absorbent layer (50), the first channel (26) being present in the front region of the first side only, and the second channel (26) being present in the front region of the second side only, and each channel ( 26) having an average width W 'that is at least 4% of the average width W of the absorbent layer (50), or, for example, W' is at least 7% W and / or, for example, is up to 25% of W, and / or, for example, at least 5 mm and, for example, up to 25 mm, with this, preferably, the channels (26) do not extend to any of the longitudinal side edges or transverse front edges of the absorbent layer (50).
[0010] [0010] The absorbent layer (50) may comprise one or more additional channels (26 '; 26' ') which are substantially free of superabsorbent polymer material, which extend substantially in the longitudinal dimension, each additional channel (26'; 26 '') having an average width W '' of at least 4% W, for example, present at least in the region between the thighs of the absorbent layer (50).
[0011] [0011] The channels (26; 26 ') are semi-permanent or permanent, being immobilized on the support sheet (16). The immobilization can be done by folding (curling) the support sheet (16) in the first and second channels (26), or part of them, and optionally in the additional channel (s) ( is) (26''26 '') or part of them, for example, the support sheet (16) may have corrugations in the channels (26) or part of them. Alternatively, or in addition, the absorbent structure (17) can comprise one or more adhesive materials to immobilize the absorbent material on the support sheet (16). For example, the one or more adhesive materials may include a first adhesive material (40) that is applied to the absorbent layer (50) once on the backing sheet (16) and / or a second adhesive material (60) applied to the sheet support (16), or part thereof, before depositing the absorbent material (formation of the absorbent layer (50)) thereon.
[0012] [0012] The invention also relates to an absorbent core which comprises the absorbent structure (17) of the invention, as described here (this being called here the first absorbent structure (17)) and which comprises an additional material present adjacent to the absorbent layer (50); additional material being, for example, selected from: i) an additional support sheet (16), ii) a layer of capture material, iii) a second absorbent structure, comprising a second support sheet (16, 16 ') and a second absorbent layer (50; 50 '), so that the second absorbent layer (50; 50') and the absorbent layer (50) of the first structure are sandwiched between the support sheet (16) of the first structure and the second support sheet (16), optionally the second absorbent structure being the same as any previous claim. The second absorbent structure can also be an absorbent structure (17) of the invention, so, for example, the channels (26) of the second absorbent structure (17) can be substantially identical to the channels (26) of the first absorbent structure (17 ), and substantially completely overlapping them. The second absorbent structure can also be an absorbent structure (15) without channels, but, for example, comprising a backing sheet (16 ') and an absorbent layer (50') with absorbent material, as described here, and optionally adhesive, as described here.
[0013] [0013] The support sheet (16) of the first absorbent structure (17) and / or the second support sheet (16 ') can be folded (corrugated) in the channels (26), or part of them, and then , one or both of the support sheets (16; 16 ') may comprise one or more adhesive material (s) (applied to the support sheet (16) or sheets, and / or the absorbent layer (50)) and so that the support sheets (16; 16 ') are adhered to each other in the channels (26) by the adhesive material (and the same can be applied to any additional channels (26''26' '), if are present) and / or by pressure bonding, or bonding by adhesive to assist the absorbent layer in the channels.
[0014] [0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, a pressure is applied selectively (for example, by a pressure medium, such as a roller, with raised parts corresponding to the channels (26)), to the material part of the backing sheet (16) corresponding to the channels (26), to further fold (for example, form ripples) the support sheet (16) into the channels (26), optionally absorbent layer (50) and / or support sheet (16 ) comprise one or more adhesive materials and the pressure assists in the connection of the support sheet (16) within the channels (26).
[0015] [0015] In some modalities, it is preferable that the frontal cross-border zone (G) does not include any channels, and that this zone (G) has at least an average longitudinal dimension of 5% to 15%, or up to 10%. If there are channels (26) in the posterior region of the article, it may be that in some modalities the zone of the posterior transverse border (F) does not comprise any channels, and that this zone (F) has, for example, at least an average longitudinal dimension from 5% to 15%, or up to 10%.
[0016] [0016] In some embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, a capture material (70) can be present in the absorbent core (7) or absorbent structure (17), and be present in the channels, that is, in the support sheet (16) or additional support sheet (16 '), which folds (curls) in the s channels (26).
[0017] [0017] The absorbent structure (17) or absorbent core of the invention has an improved adaptation even when they have already absorbed bodily fluids, for example, urine, the invention is also related to an absorbent article, such as a diaper, which comprises the absorbent structure (17) or absorbent core (7) as described here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] [0018] Figure 1 is a view of a diaper of the invention.
[0019] [0019] Figure 2A is a perspective view of an absorbent structure of the invention.
[0020] [0020] Figure 2B is a perspective view of an additional absorbent structure that can be combined with an absorbent structure of the invention.
[0021] [0021] Figure 2C is a perspective view of an alternative absorbent structure of the invention.
[0022] [0022] Figure 2D is a perspective view of an alternative absorbent structure of the invention.
[0023] [0023] Figures 3, 4 and 5 are seen in cross section of the alternative absorbent cores of the invention.
[0024] [0024] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the formation of an absorbent core of the invention, combining two absorbent structures of the invention. Detailed Description of the Invention Definitions
[0025] [0025] the term "absorbent article" refers to a device that absorbs and contains bodily exudates, and, more specifically, refers to devices that are placed against or in proximity to the user's body to absorb and contain the various exudates discharged through the body. Absorbent items may include adult and baby diapers, including pants, such as baby training pants and adult incontinence underwear, and feminine hygiene items, such as sanitary pads and panties protectors, and adult incontinence pads, and breast pads, baby rugs, bibs, wound dressing products, and the like. Absorbent articles may also include floor cleaning articles, food industry articles, and the like. For use in the present invention, the term "body fluids" or "body exudates" includes, but is not limited to: urine, blood, vaginal discharges, breast milk, sweat and fecal matter.
[0026] [0026] For use in the present invention, the term "diapers" refers to devices that are intended to be placed against a user's skin to absorb and contain the various exudates discharged from the body. Diapers are generally used by babies and incontinent people around the lower torso in order to encircle the wearer's waist and legs. Examples of diapers include baby or adult diapers and pants-type diapers such as training pants. The term "training pants", for use in the present invention, refers to disposable garments that have an opening for the waist and leg openings designed for babies or adult users. The pants can be placed in position on the wearer by inserting the user's legs into the leg openings, then sliding the pants into position around the user's lower torso.The pants can be preformed by any suitable technique including, but not limited to : join two parts of the article using joints that can be closed again and / or that cannot be closed again (for example, joint, weld, adhesive, cohesive bonding, fastening, etc.). The pants can be preformed at any point on the circumference of the article (for example, closed at the side, closed at the front waist).
[0027] [0027] The term "disposable" is used in the present invention to describe articles that, in general, are not intended to be laundered or otherwise restored or reused (that is, they are intended to be discarded after a single use and can be recycled, composted or otherwise disposed of in a manner compatible with the environment).
[0028] [0028] For use in the present invention, the term "absorbent structure (17)" refers to a three-dimensional structure useful for absorbing and retaining liquids, such as urine. The absorbent structure (17) can be the absorbent core of an absorbent article, or it can be only part of the absorbent core of an absorbent article, i.e., an absorbent component of the absorbent core, as will be further described here.
[0029] [0029] The term "superabsorbent polymer material", for use in the present invention, refers to a substantially water-insoluble polymer material that can absorb at least 10 times (and typically at least 15 times, or at least 20 times) its weight of a 0.9% saline solution in demineralized water, as measured using the Centrifugal Retention Capacity test (Edana 441.2-01).
[0030] [0030] The term "non-woven material", for use in the present invention, refers to a blanket made of directionally or randomly oriented fibers, excluding paper and products that are woven, knitted, tufted, needled ( "stitch-bonded") incorporating binding threads or filaments or felted by wet milling, whether or not additionally needled. Non-woven materials and the processes for making them are known in the art. In general, the processes for making materials nonwovens include placing the fibers on a forming surface, which may comprise spinning deposition, blowing spinning, carding, air deposition, wet deposition, forming and combinations thereof.The fibers may be of natural or artificial origin and may be textile fibers or continuous filaments or be formed locally. Absorbent structure (17)
[0031] [0031] The absorbent structure (17) of the present invention comprises a support sheet (16) with an absorbent layer (50) of absorbent material. The absorbent material comprises at least one superabsorbent polymer material and, optionally, a cellulosic material, such as cellulose, for example, pulp, or modified cellulose.
[0032] [0032] The absorbent structure (17) can comprise additional components such as one or more adhesive material (s) (40; 40 '; 60) further described below. The absorbent layer (50) is three-dimensional and comprises a first substantially longitudinal channel (26) and a second substantially longitudinal channel (26) which are substantially free of the superabsorbent polymer material. Other materials may be present in the channels (26), as further described below.
[0033] [0033] The absorbent structure (17) and the absorbent layer (50) each have a longitudinal dimension and an average length L, for example, which extends in the longitudinal dimension of the structure / absorbent layer (and absorbent article) and a transverse dimension and average width W, for example, extending in the transverse dimension. The absorbent structure (17) and the absorbent layer (50) each have a frontal region that is, in use, facing the user's front, a posterior region that is, in use, facing the user's back, and between them a region between the thighs, each one extending totally in the transverse width of the structure / layer, and each having 1/3 of the average length of the structure / layer.
[0034] [0034] The absorbent structure (17) and the absorbent layer (50) each have a central longitudinal axis, a central transversal axis perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis, the absorbent layer (50) and the absorbent structure (17) having , each, a pair of opposing longitudinal side edges (18) that extend in the longitudinal dimension of the absorbent layer / structure, and a pair of opposing cross edges (19), for example, a front transverse edge that is, in use, facing the user's front, and a rear transverse edge that is, in use, facing the user's back. The longitudinal lateral edges (18) and / or transverse edges (19) of the absorbent structure (17) or absorbent layer (50) can be parallel to the central longitudinal axis and / or to the central transversal axis, respectively, or one or more can be curvilinear, and, for example, provide a narrower transverse dimension in the region between the thighs. Typically, the longitudinal side edges are mirror images of each other on the X longitudinal axis.
[0035] [0035] The longitudinal central axis X of the absorbent layer (50) delimits the first and second longitudinal parts of the absorbent layer (50), respectively, here called longitudinal parts. Each of the longitudinal parts is, therefore, present in the frontal region, the region between the thighs and the posterior region, and thus, there is a frontal region of the first longitudinal part, a frontal region of the second longitudinal part, etc. In some embodiments of the present invention, the longitudinal parts of the absorbent layer (50) are mirror images of each other on the longitudinal axis of the layer.
[0036] [0036] The absorbent layer (50) comprises at least a first channel (26) and a second channel (26), which are substantially free of (for example, free from) superabsorbent polymer particles, the channels (26) extending through the thickness (height) of the absorbent layer (50). (It should be understood that, accidentally, a negligible small amount of superabsorbent polymer particles may be present in the channel, which does not contribute to full functionality). When the absorbent layer (50) comprises cellulosic or cellulose material, it may be preferable that the first and second channels (26) are also free of such cellulosic / cellulose material.
[0037] [0037] The first and second channels (26) are present only in the frontal region of the absorbent layer (50) (for example, and of the absorbent structure (17)). Typically, the first channel (26) of the absorbent layer (50) is present in the front region of the first longitudinal part, and a second channel (26) is present in the front region of the second longitudinal region. The channels (26) act as fold lines in the absorbent structure (17); the channels (26) provide a comfortable and superior fit. This is, for example, shown in Figure 2A and Figure 6.
[0038] [0038] The first and second channels (26) each extend substantially longitudinally, which means that, typically, each channel (26) extends more in the longitudinal dimension than in the transverse dimension, and typically at least twice as long in the longitudinal dimension as in the transverse dimension.
[0039] [0039] In this way, this includes channels (26) that are completely longitudinal and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the absorbent layer (50) (that is, parallel to the X axis), and this includes channels (26) that can be curved, provided that the radius of curvature is typically at least equal to L, and this includes channels (26) which are straight, but which are at an angle of (for example, 5 °) to 30 °, or, for example, up to 20 °, or up to 10 °.
[0040] [0040] Each of the first and second channels (26) has an average width W 'that is at least 4% of the average width W of the absorbent layer (50), or, for example, W' is at least 7% W, and / or, for example, and up to 25% W, or up to 15% W, and / or, for example, at least 5 mm, and, for example, up to 25 mm, or, for example , up to 15 mm.
[0041] [0041] Each of the first and second channels (26) has an average length L 'which can be, for example, up to 30% of the average length L of the absorbent layer (50), or, for example, L' is up to 25% L, or up to 20% of L, and / or L 'is, for example, at least 5% L, or at least 10% L, and / or, for example, and up to 25% W, or up to 15% of W, and / or L 'is, for example, at least 10 mm, or at least 20 mm.
[0042] [0042] The channels (26) can typically be called "permanent" channels (26). By permanent, it is understood that the integrity of the channels (26) is at least partially maintained both in the dry and in the wet state, including during friction by the user of the channels. The Wet Channel Integrity Test described below can be used to test whether the channels are permanent after wet saturation and to what extent. Wet Channel Integrity Test
[0043] 1. O comprimento (em milímetros) da canaleta é medido no estado seco (se a canaleta não é reta, o comprimento curvilíneo através do meio da canaleta é medido). 2. A estrutura ou núcleo absorvente é então imerso em 5 litros de uma "solução salina" de urina sintética, com uma concentração de 9,00 g de NaCl por 1000 ml da solução, preparada pela dissolução da quantidade adequada de cloreto de sódio em água destilada A temperatura da solução deve ser 20 +/- 5 °C. 3. Após 1 minuto na solução salina, a estrutura ou o núcleo absorvente é removido e mantido verticalmente por uma extremidade durante 5 segundos para drenagem, então, ele é estendido de maneira plana em uma superfície horizontal, com o lado voltado para a peça de vestuário voltado para baixo, se este lado for passível de reconhecimento. Se a estrutura ou o núcleo absorvente compreende elementos de extensão, a estrutura ou o núcleo absorvente é puxado até se tornar justo em ambas as dimensões X e Y, de modo que nenhuma contração é observada. Os extremos/bordas da estrutura ou do núcleo absorvente são fixados à superfície horizontal, de modo que nenhuma contração pode ocorrer. 4. A estrutura ou o núcleo absorvente está coberto por uma placa rígida adequadamente pesada, com as seguintes dimensões: comprimento igual ao comprimento estendido da estrutura ou do núcleoabsorvente, e largura igual à largura máxima da estrutura ou do núcleo absorvente na direção transversal. 5. Uma pressão de 18,0 kPa é aplicada durante 30 segundos sobre a área da placa rígida mencionada acima. A pressão é calculada com base na área total abrangida pela placa rígida. A pressão é alcançada pelo posicionamento de pesos adicionais no centro geométrico da placa rígida, de modo que o peso combinado da placa rígida e dos pesos adicionais resulta em uma pressão de 18,0 kPa sobre a área total da placa rígida. 6. Após 30 segundos, os pesos adicionais e a placa rígida são removidos. 7. Imediatamente em seguida, o comprimento cumulativo das partes da canaleta que permaneceram intactas é medido (em milímetros, se a canaleta não é reta, o comprimento curvilíneo através do meio da canaleta é medido). Se nenhuma parte da canaleta permaneceu intacta então a canaleta não é permanente. 8. A porcentagem de integridade da canaleta permanente é calculada pela divisão do comprimento cumulativo das partes da canaleta, que permaneceram intactas ao longo do comprimento da canaleta no estado seco, e, então, multiplicando-se o quociente por 100. [0043] This test is designed to verify the integrity of a channel after wet saturation. The test can be performed directly on an absorbent structure or on an absorbent core containing the absorbent structure. 1. The length (in millimeters) of the channel is measured in the dry state (if the channel is not straight, the curvilinear length across the middle of the channel is measured). 2. The absorbent structure or core is then immersed in 5 liters of a "saline solution" of synthetic urine, with a concentration of 9.00 g of NaCl per 1000 ml of the solution, prepared by dissolving the appropriate amount of sodium chloride in distilled water The temperature of the solution must be 20 +/- 5 ° C. 3. After 1 minute in the saline solution, the absorbent structure or core is removed and held vertically by one end for 5 seconds for drainage, then it is spread out flat on a horizontal surface, with the side facing the clothing face down, if this side is recognizable. If the absorbent structure or core comprises extension elements, the absorbent structure or core is pulled until it is tight in both X and Y dimensions, so that no contraction is observed. The ends / edges of the structure or absorbent core are attached to the horizontal surface, so that no contraction can occur. 4. The structure or absorbent core is covered by a suitably heavy rigid plate, with the following dimensions: length equal to the extended length of the structure or absorbent core, and width equal to the maximum width of the structure or absorbent core in the transverse direction. 5. A pressure of 18.0 kPa is applied for 30 seconds over the area of the rigid plate mentioned above. The pressure is calculated based on the total area covered by the rigid plate. The pressure is achieved by placing additional weights in the geometric center of the rigid plate, so that the combined weight of the rigid plate and the additional weights results in a pressure of 18.0 kPa over the total area of the rigid plate. 6. After 30 seconds, the additional weights and the rigid plate are removed. 7. Immediately thereafter, the cumulative length of the parts of the channel that remained intact is measured (in millimeters, if the channel is not straight, the curvilinear length across the middle of the channel is measured). If no part of the channel has remained intact then the channel is not permanent. 8. The percentage of integrity of the permanent channel is calculated by dividing the cumulative length of the channel parts, which remained intact along the length of the channel in the dry state, and then multiplying the quotient by 100.
[0044] [0044] Advantageously, a permanent channel, according to the invention, has a percentage of integrity of at least 20%, or 30%, or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%, or 90%, following this test.
[0045] [0045] The permanent channels (26) are, for example, obtained by immobilizing the absorbent material on the backing sheet (16), as well as by applying one or more adhesive materials (for example, the first material (40; 40 ') ), for example, on the absorbent material / on the absorbent layer (50) (on the surface opposite to the surface on the support sheet (16)), after the absorbent material is deposited on the support sheet (16), for example, in the form of a fibrous adhesive (adhesive fibers), and / or, for example, by applying an adhesive material (for example, a second adhesive (60)) to the support material, before the formation of the absorbent layer ( 50) in the same, and / or by waving the support sheet (16) in the channels (26), or part of them, as further described below.
[0046] [0046] The absorbent cores (7) of the invention can comprise, in particular, permanent channels formed by the connection of the first support sheet (16) and the second support sheet (16 ') through the channels. Typically, glue can be used to bond both support sheets through the channel, but it is possible to provide bonding through other known means, for example, ultrasound bonding, or hot bonding. The support layers can be connected continuously or intermittently connected along the channels.
[0047] [0047] In this way, an adhesive material (for example, a second (60)) can be present between the support sheet (16) and the absorbent layer (50). In addition, or alternatively, the absorbent structure (17) can comprise an adhesive (40; 40 ') deposited on the absorbent material / absorbent layer (50), for example, after the absorbent material is deposited on the backing sheet (16 ). This is, for example, shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5.
[0048] [0048] In any of these cases, the absorbent material is thus immobilized on the support sheet (16) and / or the folded parts of the support sheet (16), that is, the corrugations thereof, are thus fixed in the channels (26) or part of them, to ensure that the channels (26) are maintained (at least partially) during use. For example, an adhesive material (60) can be applied to the backing sheet (16) uniformly, or in a pattern, for example, by spray or extrusion coating, or other techniques known in the art. For example, the adhesive material (60) can be applied to those parts of the backing sheet (16) that will receive the absorbent material, so this helps to immobilize the absorbent material in it. Alternatively, an adhesive material (60) can be applied only to the parts of the support sheet (16) that will be adjacent to the channels (26), or that will curl in the channels (26), to ensure that the support sheet ( 16) is adhered within the channels (26) to the absorbent material or to an additional material, as described below. This is, for example, shown in Figures 4 and 5.
[0049] [0049] The first and second channels (26) can be mirror images of each other, with respect to the central longitudinal axis (X axis) of the absorbent layer (50) / structure (17).
[0050] [0050] In some mode, there is no channel (26) that coincides with the longitudinal axis of the absorbent layer (50). The channels (26) can be spaced in relation to each other along their entire longitudinal dimension. The shortest spacing distance D can be, for example, at least 5% of the average of the transversal dimension of the layer, or, for example, at least 10%, or at least 15%, or, for example, it can be at least 5 mm, or, for example, at least 8 mm.
[0051] [0051] In addition, in order to reduce the risk of fluid leaks, the longitudinal main channels (26) typically do not extend to any of the transverse and / or longitudinal edges of the absorbent layer (50). For example, the shortest distance between a channel (26) and the longitudinal edge closest to the absorbent layer (50) corresponds to at least 5% of the average transverse dimension W of the layer, or, preferably, up to at least 10%. In some modalities, the distance is, for example, at least 10 mm. For example, the shortest distance between a channel (26) and the nearest transverse edge of the absorbent layer (50) corresponds to at least 5% of the average longitudinal dimension L of the layer, or, preferably, up to at least 10%. In some embodiments, the distance is, for example, at least 10 mm.
[0052] [0052] In addition to the first and second channels (26) described above, present only in the frontal region, the absorbent layer (50) (and, consequently, the absorbent structure (17)) may comprise additional channels (26 '; 26 ''), here called "additional channels (26 '; 26' '), which are substantially longitudinal and substantially free of superabsorbent polymer material. The above description of the first and second channels (26) can be applied equally to any one of the additional channels (26 '; 26' '). However, in some modalities, the additional channels (26'; 26 '') are longer than the first and second channels, for example, from 40% to 90% %, or up to 80%, or up to 60% of L.
[0053] [0053] For example, the front region of the absorbent layer (50) may comprise one or more additional channels (26 '; 26' '), in addition to the first and second channels (26), and / or the central region ( between the thighs) can comprise such one or more additional channels (26 '; 26' '), which can optionally extend in the frontal and / or posterior regions, and / or the posterior region can comprise one or more of the regions additional channels (26 '; 26' ').
[0054] [0054] In some embodiments, the absorbent structure (17) comprises at least one additional channel (26 ') at least in the central region (between the thighs), optionally extending in the frontal and / or posterior regions, or, for example , two such additional channels (26 ') may be present, one on each side of the longitudinal axis, and, for example, they may be mirror images of each other on the axis of the absorbent layer (50). In fact, the inventors have observed that such additional channels (26) provide rapid liquid capture, which reduces the risk of leaks. The channels (26; 26 '), in particular when immobilized / permanent channels, prevent saturation of the absorbent layer (50) in the fluid discharge region (such saturation increasing the risk of leaks). This is, for example, shown in Figures 2C and 2D.
[0055] [0055] Furthermore, the inventors surprisingly, and in contrast to what would be expected, found that by decreasing the total amount of superabsorbent polymer material in the absorbent structure (17) (providing channels (26) free of such material) , the fluid handling properties of the absorbent structure (17), or diaper, are improved.
[0056] [0056] In some embodiments, the frontal region comprises the first and second channels (26), and two additional channels (26 '; 26' '), one on each side of the longitudinal axis, and / or, for example, a additional channel parallel to the first channel (26) and a second additional channel (26) parallel to the second channel.
[0057] [0057] To avoid transporting liquids to the transverse edges (19), the absorbent structure (17) and layer are typically free of completely or substantially transverse channels (26).
[0058] [0058] In some embodiments, the shortest transverse distance D between the two channels (26) is at least 5% W, preferably at least 10% W.
[0059] [0059] The first and second channels (26), and optionally the additional channels (26 '; 26' '), can be positioned on the absorbent layer (50), so that there is a central longitudinal strip with a certain minimum width (D; D '), which coincides with the longitudinal axis, which is free from any channels (26), the absorbent material is preferably present substantially continuously on the strip. For example, the strip can have a minimum width (D, D ') of at least 5% W, or at least 10% W, and / or, for example, at least 5 mm, or at least 10 mm, or at least 15 mm, and / or even up to 40 mm. In some embodiments, in the first and second adjacent channels, and optionally in the additional adjacent channel (s) (26 '; 26' '), the absorbent material is present in a substantially continuous manner .
[0060] [0060] In some modalities, it is preferable that the frontal transverse border zone (G) does not include any channels, and that this zone (G) has at least an average longitudinal dimension of 5% to 15%, or up to 10%. If there are channels (26) in the posterior region of the article, it may be that in some modalities the zone of posterior transverse border (F) does not comprise any channels, and that this zone (F) has, for example, at least an average longitudinal dimension from 5% to 15%, or up to 10%.
[0061] [0061] In some embodiments, in the central longitudinal strip between the first and second channels (26), the average base weight of the absorbent material, or of the superabsorbent polymer material, is at least 350, and, for example, up to 1000 grams per m2, or, for example, 450 grams per m2, and, for example, up to 750 grams per m2.
[0062] [0062] The absorbent structure (17) typically comprises an additional material (e.g., a layer of additional material) to cover the absorbent layer (50) mentioned in the present invention as an additional material. This can be, in the present invention, called an absorbent core (7). This is, for example, shown in Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6.
[0063] [0063] The additional material may comprise, on the surface to be placed adjacent the absorbent layer (50) of the absorbent structure (17), an additional adhesive material (40 ').
[0064] [0064] This additional material can be an additional absorbent structure (17), with a second layer of absorbent material and a second support sheet (16), so that both absorbent layers (50; 50 ') are sandwiched between the s support sheets (16), this can be an additional absorbent structure (17) of the invention, with two or more channels (26), as described here. The channels (26) of the first absorbent structure (17) and the second absorbent structure (17) can then coincide and overlap each other, for example, completely or, for example, only partially match and only partially overlap, or they may neither coincide nor overlap each other. In some embodiments, they are approximately identical to each other, and the channels (26) of one structure overlap and substantially overlap the channels (26) of another structure. This is, for example, shown in Figure 6.
[0065] [0065] In some embodiments, the additional material is a part of the backing sheet (16), which is folded over the absorbent layer (50) and then sealed along the peripheral edges, to enclose the absorbent layer (50) .
[0066] [0066] In some embodiments, the absorbent structure (17) is covered by an additional support sheet (16), or an additional absorbent structure that does not have channels, as for example, shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5.
[0067] [0067] In some embodiments, the additional material may be a layer of capture material, or a capture sheet, for example, sealed to the backing sheet (16). In some embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, a capture material (70) can be present in the absorbent core (7) or absorbent structure (17), and be present in the channels, for example, in the support sheet (16) or additional support sheet (16 '), which folds (curls) in the s channels (26).
[0068] [0068] In either of these cases, the folded support sheet (16) or the two support sheets (16) can then be sealed together along the peripheral edges, to close the layer (s) ( absorbent (s) (50).
[0069] [0069] In any of these cases, the support sheet (16) or capture layer / sheet can bend (ie, curl) in the channels (26), or part of them. It can be adhered to the support sheet (16) of the absorbent structure (17) of the invention in the channels (26), for example, by an adhesive material, as described here.
[0070] [0070] In some embodiments, the absorbent structure (17) comprises such additional material overlapping the absorbent layer (50), and a pressure medium is selectively applied to the backing sheet (16) or to the additional material, in the parts that coincide with the channels (26), to pressurize the backing sheet (16) and / or the additional material in the channels (26), to assist in the formulation of the corrugations and / or to assist in the adhesion of the additional material and the support (16) one another in the channels (26), if an adhesive material is present, as described here.
[0071] [0071] The pressure medium can be a pressure cylinder with elevated parts that have substantially the size, shape, and pattern of the channels (26), which can match (that is, fit) with the parts of the sheet. support (16) or additional material that coincides with the channels (26).
[0072] [0072] In some embodiments, the second support sheet (16) may be wider than the layer (50) / absorbent structure, to allow the second support sheet (16) to bend in the channels (26) and thus , preferably connect to the first support sheet (16).
[0073] [0073] In embodiments where the absorbent core (7) comprises two (or more) absorbent structures (17) comprising the channels (26) described herein, it may be that one or two of, or more, or all of the channels (26 ) of an absorbent structure (17) substantially overlap the channels (26) of the adjacent absorbent structure (17). The resulting absorbent core (7) is a laminate of absorbent structures with channels (26), where the channels (26) extend substantially across the thickness of the absorbent layers (50).
[0074] [0074] In addition, or alternatively, it may be that one or two, or more, or all of the channels (26) of an absorbent structure (17) do not overlap the channels (26) of the adjacent absorbent structure (17), they can , for example, complement the channels (26) of the adjacent structure. By complementing, it is understood that the channels (26) of the second absorbent structure (17) form an extension of the channels (26) of the first absorbent structure (17).
[0075] [0075] In some embodiments, the absorbent core (7) may comprise two or more absorbent structures, one of which being the structure (17) of the invention, and one being an absorbent structure (15), with a backing sheet (16 ' ) with an absorbent layer (50) in it (with superabsorbent polymer material) without channels (26), as, for example, shown in Figure 2B, and in Figures 3, 4 and 5. Such a second absorbent structure (15) can have any of the backing sheets, absorbent material and adhesive materials, as described here. Absorbent material
[0076] [0076] The absorbent layer comprises absorbent material comprising superabsorbent polymer material (for example, particles), optionally combined with cellulosic material (including, for example, cellulose, crushed wood pulp in the form of fibers). If the additional material previously described in this document comprises an absorbent material, the following also applies to it.
[0077] [0077] In some embodiment, the absorbent material may comprise at least 60%, or at least 70%, by weight, of superabsorbent polymer material, and at most 40% or at most 30% cellulosic material.
[0078] [0078] In other embodiments, the absorbent layer (50) comprises absorbent material which consists of substantially absorbent polymeric material, for example, particles, for example, less than 5% by weight (of absorbent material) of cellulosic material is present, and the absorbent layer (50) / absorbent structure (17), can be free of cellulosic material.
[0079] [0079] Typically, the superabsorbent polymer material is in the form of particles. Suitable for use in the absorbent layer (50) can comprise any superabsorbent polymer particles known in the superabsorbent literature, for example, as described in F.L. Buchholz, A.T. Graham, Wiley 1998. The absorbent polymer particles can be spherical, ball-like or irregularly shaped particles, such as Vienna sausage-shaped particles, or ellipsoid-shaped particles, of the type typically obtained from phase suspension polymerizations. reverse. The particles can also optionally be agglomerated, at least to some extent, to form larger irregular particles.
[0080] [0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, the absorbent material as a whole and / or the particulate superabsorbent polymer material has at least a high sorption capacity, for example, having a CRC of, for example, at least 20 g / g, or 30 g / g. The upper limits can, for example, be up to 150 g / g, or up to 100 g / g.
[0081] [0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, the absorbent material comprising or consisting of particles of superabsorbent polymer that are formed from and polyacrylic acid polymers / polyacrylate polymers have, for example, a degree of neutralization of 60% to 90%, or about 75%, having, for example, sodium counterions.
[0082] [0082] The superabsorbent polymer can be polymers of polyacrylates and polyacrylic acid, which are internally and / or superficially crosslinked. Suitable material is described in PCT patent application WO 07/047598, or, for example, in WO 07/046052, or, for example, in WO2009 / 155265 and WO2009 / 155264. In some embodiments, suitable superabsorbent polymer particles can be obtained by current and modern production processes, as is more particularly described in WO 2006/083584. Superabsorbent polymers are preferably internally crosslinked, that is, polymerization is carried out in the presence of compounds that have two or more polymerizable groups that can be copolymerized to free radical in the polymer network. Useful crosslinkers include, for example, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, allyl methacrylate, trimethylol propane triacrylate, trialyl amine, tetraalkyl oxyethane, as described in EP-A 530 438, di- and triacrylates, as described described in EP-A 547 847, EP-A 559 476, EP-A 632 068, WO 93/21237, WO 03/104299, WO 03/104300, WO 03/104301 and in DE-A 103 31 450, mixed acrylates which, as well as acrylate groups, include additionally ethylenically unsaturated groups, as described in DE-A 103 31 456 and DE-A 103 55 401, or crosslinker mixtures, as described, for example, in DE-A 195 43 368, DE- 196 46 484, WO 90/15830 and WO 02/32962, as well as the crosslinkers described in WO2009 / 155265. The superabsorbent polymer particles can be externally cross-linked, or post-cross-linked). Useful post-crosslinkers include compounds including two or more groups capable of forming covalent bonds with the carboxylate groups of the polymers. Useful compounds include, for example, alkoxysilyl compounds, polyaziridines, polyamines, polyamido amines, di- or polyglycidyl compounds, as described in EP-A 083 022, EP-A 543 303 and EP-A 937 736, polyalcohols water, as described in DE-C 33 14 019, cyclic carbonates, as described in DE-A 40 20 780, 2-oxazolidone and its derivatives, such as N- (2-hydroxy ethyl) -2-oxazolidone, as described in DE -A 198 07 502, bis- and poly-2-oxazolidones, as described in DE-A 198 07 992, 2-oxotetrahydro-1,3-oxazine and its derivatives, as described in DE-A 198 54 573, N-acyl-2-oxazolidones, as described in DE-A 198 54 574, cyclic ureas, as described in DE-A 102 04 937, bicyclic acetal amides, as described in DE-A 103 34 584, oxetane and cyclic ureas, as described in EP-A 1 199 327, and morpholine-2,3-dione and its derivatives, as described in WO 03/031482.
[0083] [0083] Superabsorbent polymers or particles thereof may have surface modifications, such as being coated or partially coated by a coating agent. Examples of coated absorbent polymer particles are presented in WO2009 / 155265. The coating agent can be such that it makes the absorbent polymer particles more hydrophilic. For example, it can be a hydrophilic (> ie, smoked) silica, such as Aerosils. The coating agent can be a polymer, such as an elastic polymer or a film-forming polymer, or an elastic film-forming polymer, which forms an elastomeric (elastic) film coating on the particle. The coating can be a homogeneous and / or uniform coating on the surface of the absorbent polymer particles. The coating agent can be applied at a level of 0.1% to 5%.
[0084] [0084] Superabsorbent polymer particles can have particle sizes in the range of 45 pm to 4000 pm, more specifically a particle size distribution in the range of 45 pm to about 2000 pm, or from about 100 pm to about 1000 or until 850 pm. The particle size distribution of a material in the form of particulates can be determined as is known in the art, for example, through dry sieve analysis (EDANA 420.02 "Particle Size distribution").
[0085] [0085] In some embodiments of the present invention, the superabsorbent material is in the form of particles, with an average particle size of mass up to 2 mm, or between 50 microns and 2 mm, or up to 1 mm, or, preferably , from 100 or 200 or 300 or 400 or 500 pm, or up to 1000 or up to 800 or up to 700 pm, as can, for example, be measured by the method established for example in EP-A-0691133. In some embodiments of the invention, the superabsorbent polymer material is in the form of particles, where at least 80%, by weight, are particles of a size between 50 pm and 1200 pm, and which have a mean particle size of mass between any of the above track combinations. In addition, or in another embodiment of the invention, the particles are essentially spherical. In yet another embodiment, or additional embodiment, of the invention, the superabsorbent polymer material has a relatively narrow range of particle sizes, for example, with the majority (for example, at least 80% or, preferably, at least 90% , or even at least 95%, by weight) of the particles having a particle size between 50 pm and 1000 pm, preferably between 100 pm and 800 pm, and more preferably between 200 pm and 600 µm. Support sheet
[0086] [0086] The absorbent structure (17) of the present invention comprises a support sheet (16) on which the absorbent material is supported and immobilized. If an additional material is present in the absorbent core, that is, or includes a support sheet (16 '), the following also applies to this.
[0087] [0087] The backing sheet can be a sheet or an individual mat material which is subsequently divided into individual absorbent structures, in particular paper, films, woven or non-woven, or laminates of any of these.
[0088] [0088] In some embodiments of the present invention, the backing sheet is a nonwoven, for example, a nonwoven blanket, such as a carded nonwoven, a continuous spinning nonwoven, or a nonwoven produced by melting and blowing (meltblown), and including non-woven laminate of any of these.
[0089] [0089] The fibers can be of natural or synthetic origin and can be textile fibers or continuous filaments or can be formed in situ. Commercially available fibers have diameters in the range of typically less than about 0.001 mm to greater than about 0.2 mm, and they come in several different forms: short fibers (known as textile fibers, or cut), single continuous fibers (filaments) or monofilaments), untwisted groups of continuous filaments (tape), and twisted groups of continuous filaments (yarn). The fibers can be bicomponent fibers, for example, which have a layer-core arrangement, for example, with different polymers forming the layer and the core. Non-woven materials can be formed by many processes such as block extrusion with high speed hot air, continuous spinning, solvent spinning, electrospinning and carding. The base weight of non-woven materials is generally expressed in grams per square meter (g / m2).
[0090] [0090] Nonwoven, in the present invention, can be produced from hydrophilic fibers, in the present invention, the term "hydrophilic" describes fibers, or surfaces of fibers, that are wettable by aqueous fluids (e.g., bodily fluids) deposited on them. Hydrophilic capacity and wettability are typically defined in terms of contact angle and time for fluid penetration, for example through a non-woven material. This is discussed in detail in the American Chemical Society publication entitled "Contact angle, wettability and adhesion", published by Robert F. Gould (copyright 1964). A fiber, or the surface of a fiber, is considered wettable by a fluid (that is, hydrophilic) when the contact angle between the fluid and the fiber, or its surface, is less than 90 °, or when the fluid tends to spontaneously spread over the fiber surface, both conditions normally coexisting. On the other hand, a fiber or its surface is considered to be hydrophobic if the contact angle is greater than 90 °, and the fluid does not spontaneously spread over the surface of the fiber.
[0091] [0091] The support sheet (16) of the present invention can be air permeable. The films usable here can therefore comprise micro pores. The nonwovens of the present invention can, for example, be air permeable. The support sheet (16) can have, for example, an air permeability of 40 or 50, 300 or 200 m3 / (m2x min), as determined by the EDANA method 140-1-99 (125 Pa, 38 , 3 cm2). The support sheet (16) may alternatively have a lower air permeability, for example, being non-permeable to air, for example, to be better retained on a moving surface comprising vacuum.
[0092] [0092] In preferred embodiments, the backing sheet (16) is a non-woven laminated material, a non-woven laminated blanket, for example, of the SMS or SMMS type.
[0093] [0093] In order to easily form ripples, the backing sheet (16) can have a base weight that is less than 60 g / m2, or, for example, less than 50 g / m2, for example, 5 g / m2 to 40 g / m2, or 30 g / m2.
[0094] [0094] The support sheet (16) can have an extensibility in DT or an extensibility in DM.
[0095] [0095] In one of the embodiments of the present invention, the support sheet (16) has corrugations that bend (curl) in the first and second channels (26), and optionally in the channel (s) adds (is) (26 '; 26' '), or part of them. For example, the corrugations can extend over about the entire longitudinal dimension of the channel, they can, for example, extend to complete the average height of the absorbent layer (50) / channel, or, for example, only up to 75% of the same, or up to 50% of the average height of the absorbent layer (50) / channel. This assists in immobilizing the absorbent material adjacent to the channels (26), and to the channels (26) of the layers. Adhesive material
[0096] [0096] The absorbent structure, and / or an additional absorbent structure, if present, can comprise one or more adhesive materials (40; 60; 40 '). Any suitable adhesive can be used for this, for example, so-called thermofused adhesives. For example, sprayable hot-melt adhesives, such as product No. HL-1620-B, by H.B. Fuller Co. (St. Paul, MN, USA) can be used, or, for example, HB Fuller's HL1358LO.
[0097] [0097] Immobilization can be achieved by applying a thermoplastic adhesive material (40; 60; 40 ’) that holds and immobilizes the absorbent material on the support sheet (16). The thermoplastic adhesive material can also be present in the channels (26) and in the support sheet (16) present in the channel, for example, corrugation (s). This can be mentioned, in the present invention, as a first adhesive material (40).
[0098] [0098] The thermoplastic adhesive material can not only assist in immobilizing the absorbent polymer particles of the backing sheet (16), but it can also help maintain the integrity of the channels (26) in the absorbent structure (17) / absorbent core ( 7) during storage and / or during the use of the disposable article. The thermoplastic adhesive material can help prevent a significant amount of material from migrating into the channels (26). In addition, when the thermoplastic adhesive material is applied over the absorbent layer (50) including the channels (26), it can thus help to adhere the support sheet (16) of the absorbent structure (17) to an additional material, as will be described in more detail below.
[0099] [0099] In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive material can be applied as a fibrous layer that forms a fibrous network that immobilizes the absorbent material on the backing sheet (16). The fibrous layer of thermoplastic adhesive may be partially in contact with the support sheet (16) of the absorbent structure (17).
[0100] [00100] The thermoplastic adhesive material can allow such expansion, without breaking and without exerting excessive compression forces that could restrict the expansion of the absorbent polymer particles.
[0101] [00101] Thermoplastic adhesive materials suitable for use in the present invention include thermofused adhesives that comprise at least one thermoplastic polymer in combination with a plasticizer and other thermoplastic diluents such as taching resins and additives such as antioxidants. Suitable exemplifying thermofused adhesive materials are described in EP 1447067 A2. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic polymer has a molecular weight (MW) greater than 10,000, and a glass transition temperature (tg) below room temperature or -6 ° C> Tg <16 ° C. In certain embodiments, the polymer concentrations in a thermofused range from about 20 to about 40% by weight. In certain embodiments, thermoplastic polymers may be insensitive to water. Some examples of polymers are block (styrenic) copolymers, including ABA triblock structures, AB diblock structures and radial block copolymer (AB) n structures, in which blocks A are non-elastomeric polymer blocks typically containing polystyrene, and B blocks are unsaturated conjugated diene, or (partially) hydrogenated versions of these. Block B is typically isoprene, butadiene, ethylene / butylene (hydrogenated butadiene), ethylene / propylene (hydrogenated isoprene), and mixtures of these items.
[0102] [00102] Other suitable thermoplastic polymers that can be used are metallocene polyolefins, which are ethylene polymers prepared using single-site or metallocene catalysts. In this case, at least one comonomer can be polymerized with ethylene to produce a copolymer, terpolymer or other higher-order polymer. Also applicable are amorphous or poly amorphous polyolefins (APAO), which are homopolymers, copolymers or terpolymers of alpha-olefins from C2 to C8.
[0103] [00103] Thermoplastic adhesive material applied on or in the absorbent layer (40; 40 ') is generally present in the form of fibers, that is, the adhesive can be converted into fibers. In some embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive material forms a fibrous network over the absorbent polymer particles. Typically, the fibers can have an average thickness of about 1 µm to about 100 µm, or about 25 pm to about 75 pm, and an average length of about 5 mm to about 50 cm. In particular, the layer of hot-melt adhesive material can be provided to comprise a mesh-like structure. In certain embodiments, the thermoplastic adhesive material is applied in an amount of 0.5 to 30 g / m2, or from 1 to 15 g / m2, or from 1 to 10 g / m2 or even from 1.5 to 5 g / m2 m2 per support sheet (16).
[0104] [00104] A typical parameter for an adhesive suitable for use in the present invention may be a delta tangent of the loss angle at 60 ° C below the value of 1, or below the value of 0.5. The delta tangent of the loss angle at 60 ° C is correlated to the liquid character of an adhesive under high ambient temperatures. The lower the Delta tangent, the more the adhesive behaves as a solid rather than a liquid, that is, the lower its tendency to flow or migrate, and the lower the tendency for an adhesive superstructure, as described in the present invention, deteriorating or even falling apart over time. This value is therefore particularly important if the absorbent article is to be used in a hot climate.
[0105] [00105] It may be beneficial, for example, for processing reasons and / or performance reasons, that the thermoplastic adhesive material has a viscosity between 800 and 4000 mPa-s, or 1000 mPa-s, or 1200 mPa-s , or 1600 mPa-s to 3200 mPa-s, or 3000 mPa-s, or 2800 mPa-s, or 2500 mPa-s, at 175 ° C, as measured by the ASTM D3236-88 method, with the use of a 27 spindle, 20 pmp, preheat for 20 minutes at temperature, and stir for 10 min.
[0106] [00106] thermoplastic adhesive material can have a softening point between 60 ° C and 150 ° C, or between 75 ° C and 135 ° C, or between 90 ° C and 130 ° C, or between 100 ° C and 115 ° C , as can be determined by the ASTM E28-99 method (Herzog method, using glycerin).
[0107] [00107] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic adhesive component can be hydrophilic, having a contact angle less than 90 °, or less than 80 °, or less than 75 °, or less than 70 °, as measured by the method ASTM D 5725-99. Absorbent articles and diapers (1)
[0108] [00108] The absorbent structure (17) or absorbent core (7) of the present invention can be useful in an absorbent article, for example, as a diaper (1), as, for example, shown in Figure 1, including diapers with zips and training pants, for babies or adults, or as underwear for incontinence and the like.
[0109] [00109] The article, for example, the diaper (1), may comprise, in addition to the absorbent structure (17) or absorbent core (7) of the present invention, an upper layer and a lower layer, and, for example, a or more side flaps or clamps. The top layer, or armbands, or side flaps may comprise a composition, or lotion, or powder for skin treatment, known in the art, and panels, including those described in U.S. 5,607,760; U.S. 5,609,587; U.S. 5,635,191; U.S. 5,643,588.
[0110] [00110] The preferred diapers (1) of the present invention comprise a top layer, facing the user during use, for example, a non-woven sheet, and / or a sheet with openings, including films formed with openings, as known in technique, and a lower layer.
[0111] [00111] The bottom layer may be impermeable to liquids, as known in the art. In preferred embodiments, the liquid-impermeable bottom layer comprises a thin plastic film such as a thermoplastic film, having a thickness of about 0.01 mm to about 0.05 mm. Suitable lower layer materials typically comprise breathable material, which allows vapors to escape from the diaper (1), while still preventing exudates from passing through the lower layer. Films suitable for the bottom layer include those produced by Tredegar Industries Inc., of Terre Haute, IN, USA, and sold under the trade names X15306, X10962 and X10964.
[0112] [00112] The bottom layer, or any part of it, can be elastically extensible in one or more directions. The lower layer may be attached or attached to an upper layer, the absorbent structure (17) or the absorbent core (7), or any other element of the diaper (1), by any means of attachment known in the art.
[0113] [00113] The diapers of the present invention may comprise leg clamps and / or barrier clamps (10), the article then typically has a pair of opposite side flaps and / or leg and / or barrier clamps, each of the pair being positioned adjacent to a longitudinal side of the absorbent core (7) or structure (17), and extending longitudinally along the structure or core, and typically being mirror images of each other on the Y axis (in the DM) of the article, if leg clamps and barrier clamps are present, then each leg clamp is typically positioned outwardly from a barrier clamp. The clamps can extend longitudinally over at least 70% of the article's length. The clamps may have a free longitudinal edge that can be positioned out of the XY plane (longitudinal / transverse directions) of the article, that is, in the Z direction. The side flaps or clamps of a pair can be mirror images of each other on the Y axis (longitudinal axis, axis on the DM) of the article. The clamps may comprise elastic material (11).
[0114] [00114] The diapers of the present invention can comprise a strap or, for example, a front strap and a back strap, which can comprise elastic material. The diaper (1) can comprise fasteners (8) and a contact zone there (9).
[0115] [00115] The diaper (1) can comprise side panels, or so-called ear panels. The diaper (1) can comprise fastening means for fastening the front and rear part, for example, the front and rear strap. Preferred fastening systems include fastening flaps and contact zones, with the fastening flaps being attached or attached to the back of the diaper (1) and the contact zones are part of the frontal region of the diaper (1).
[0116] [00116] The absorbent structure can be combined with, and the absorbent core (7) and the absorbent article, (for example, the diaper (1)) can comprise, a capture layer / capture material layer (70), or system thereof, which may comprise chemically cross-linked cellulosic fibers. Such cross-linked cellulosic fibers can have desirable absorbency properties. Exemplary chemically cross-linked cellulosic fibers are disclosed in US Patent No. 5,137,537. In certain embodiments, chemically cross-linked cellulosic fibers are cross-linked with a percentage between about 0.5 mol% and about 10.0 mol% of a C2 to C9 polycarboxylic crosslinking agent or between about 1.5 mol% and about 6.0 mol% of a C2 to C9 polycarboxylic crosslinking agent based on glucose unit. Citric acid is an exemplifying cross-linking agent. In other embodiments, polyacrylic acids can be used. In addition, according to certain embodiments, the cross-linked cellulosic fibers have a water retention value of about 25 to about 60, or from about 28 to about 50, or from about 30 to about 45. One A method for determining the water retention value is disclosed in US Patent No. 5,137,537. According to certain modalities, the crosslinked cellulosic fibers can be crimped, twisted or curly, or a combination of these modes, including crimped, twisted and curly.
[0117] [00117] In a certain embodiment, one or both of the upper and lower capture layers may comprise a nonwoven, which may be hydrophilic. In addition, according to a certain embodiment, one or both of the upper and lower capture layers and may comprise chemically cross-linked cellulosic fibers, which may or may not be part of a non-woven material. In addition, according to a certain embodiment, the upper capture layer may comprise a nonwoven, without chemically cross-linked cellulosic fibers, and the lower capture layer may comprise chemically cross-linked cellulosic fibers. In addition, according to one embodiment, the lower capture layer may comprise chemically crosslinked cellulosic fibers mixed with other fibers such as natural or synthetic polymeric fibers. According to exemplifying modalities, these other natural or synthetic polymeric fibers may include fibers with a high surface area, thermoplastic binding fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, PET fibers, rayon fibers, lyocell fibers, and mixtures thereof. Non-woven materials suitable for the upper and lower capture layers include, but are not limited to: SMS material, which comprises a continuous spinning layer, a layer produced by block extrusion with high-speed hot air (meltblown) and an additional layer of continuous wiring. In certain embodiments, non-woven permanently hydrophilic, and in particular, non-woven with permanently hydrophilic coatings are desirable. Another suitable embodiment comprises an SMMS structure. In certain embodiments, nonwovens are porous.
[0118] [00118] The diaper (1) can include a sublayer disposed between the upper layer and the absorbent layer (17) or absorbent core (7), capable of accepting and distributing and / or immobilizing bodily exudates. Suitable sublayers include capture layers, overflow layers and / or fecal matter storage layers, as known in the art. Materials suitable for use as an sublayer may include large cell open foams, highly aerated, macroporous non-woven, compression resistant, large particulate forms of open or closed cell foams (macro and / or microporous), highly aerated nonwovens, polyolefin, polystyrene, polyurethane foams or particles, structures comprising a plurality of vertically oriented filaments or fibers, preferably in loops, or preferably formed films provided with openings, as described above in relation to the genital covering layer. (For use in the present invention, the term "microporous" refers to materials that are capable of transporting fluids by capillary action, but having an average pore size of more than 50 microns. The term "macroporous" refers to materials having pores too large to obtain capillary fluid transport, generally having pores larger than about 0.5 mm (average) in diameter and, more specifically, having pores larger than about 1.0 mm (average) in diameter, but typically less than 10 mm or even less than 6 mm (average)).
[0119] [00119] Processes for assembling the diaper (1) include conventional techniques known in the art for the construction and configuration of disposable absorbent articles. For example, the lower layer and / or the upper layer can be joined to the absorbent structure (17) or to the absorbent core (7), or to each other by means of a uniform and continuous layer of adhesive, a shaped layer of adhesive , or a set of separate lines, spirals, or points of adhesive. Adhesives considered satisfactory are manufactured by H. B. Fuller Company (St. Paul, Minnesota, USA), under the designation HL-1258 or H-2031. While the top layer, the bottom layer, and the absorbent core (7) can be assembled in a variety of well-known configurations, preferred diaper configurations (1) are generally described in US patent no. 5,554,145, entitled "Absorbent Article With Multiple Zone Structural Elastic-Like Film Web Extensible Waist Feature", granted to Roe et al. on September 10, 1996, in US Patent No. 5,569,234, entitled "Disposable Pull Article", granted to Buell et al. on October 29, 1996, and in US Patent No. 6,004,306, entitled "Absorbent Article With Multi-Directional Extensible Side Panels ", granted to Robles et al. On December 21, 1999. Method for producing the absorbent structure
[0120] [00120] The absorbent structure of the present invention can be produced by any method comprising the step of depositing absorbent material on a support sheet (16), for example, by placing the first support sheet (16) in the raised parts in the shape and dimensions of the channels (26) to be produced and, therefore, deposit of the absorbent material in it, thus, the absorbent material does not remain in the elevated parts, but only in the remaining parts of the support sheet (16).
[0121] [00121] In some embodiments, the absorbent structure (17) with the absorbent layer (50) with two or more channels (26) in it and with substantially no absorbent material is, for example, attainable by the method comprising the steps of: a) providing a feeder to feed the absorbent material to a first continuous moving surface, such as a feeder tank, b) providing a transfer means for transferring a support sheet (16) to a second continuous moving surface, c) providing a first continuous moving surface, which has one or more reservoirs forming an absorbent layer (50) with a longitudinal dimension and an average length, a perpendicular transversal dimension and an average width, and, perpendicular to both, a dimension of depth and an average depth, and a volume of empty space for the reception of the absorbent material in it, the reservoir (s) comprising, in the frontal region of the same, one or more embossed strips that extend from substantially longitudinal manner, not having a volume of empty space, for example, each having an average width W of at least 4% or at least 5% of the average width of the reservoir, and an average length L of at least 5%, and maximum 30% of the average longitudinal dimension of the reservoir, the reservoir (s) being used to transfer the absorbent material to the second continuous moving surface adjacent and close to it d) providing a second moving surface, which has an external housing that has one or more air-permeable or partially air-permeable receptacles for receiving the support sheet (16) on or in the same, with a reception area and with one or more interlocking strips which extend substantially longitudinally, which may be air-tight, and which each have an average width W 'of, for example, at least 2.5 mm, preferably 0 , 5 x W to 1.2 x W, an average length of, for example, L 'being about 0.8 x C to 1.2 x L, so that the external air-permeable housing is connected to one or more secondary vacuum systems, to facilitate the retention of the backing sheet (16) and / or the absorbent material therein, and whereby, at a meeting point, the first continuous moving surface and the outer housing are at least partially adjacent to each other and are in close proximity to each other during the transfer of the absorbent material, and so that each strip insert is substantially completely adjacent to and is in close proximity to an embossed strip during the transfer of the absorbent material, d) feeding an absorbent material to the first continuous moving surface, at least in its reservoir (s), e) optionally, remove any absorbent material from the embossed strip (s), f) simultaneously transferring the support sheet (16) to the second continuous moving surface, on or into the receptacle (s), g) selectively transferring the meeting point, the absorbent material with the first continuous moving surface only to that part of the support sheet (16) which is on or within the receiving area of the receptacle.
[0122] [00122] The reservoir (s) can be formed by multiple grooves and / or cavities with a volume of empty space, for the reception of the absorbent material in them. In some embodiments, the average width W of (each) strip is preferably at least 6 mm, or, for example, at least 7 mm, and / or at least 7%, or, for example, at least 10% of the average width of the respective reservoir.
[0123] [00123] The grooves and / or cavities can each have, for example, a maximum dimension in the transverse direction that is at least 3 mm, and through which the shortest distance between cavities and / or grooves directly next to each other. substantially transversal dimension, it is less than 5 mm. The cavities and / or grooves that are directly adjacent to an embossed strip can have a volume that is greater than the volume of one or more, or all of its close cavities or grooves, which are not directly adjacent to the strip or other strip ( thereby additionally removed from the strip).
[0124] [00124] The first reservoir of the continuous moving surface can be at least partially permeable to air, and the first continuous moving surface can have a cylindrical surface with the reservoirs, and move in a rotating manner around a stator, which comprises a vacuum chamber, the second outer housing of the moving surface may be cylindrical, and rotate around a stator, comprising a secondary vacuum chamber connected to the secondary vacuum system.
[0125] [00125] The method can be used to produce an absorbent core (7) comprising two or more of the absorbent structures described above, for example, two of such layers, blown over each other, so that the absorbent material of a first layer layer and the absorbent material of the other second layer are adjacent to each other, and are sandwiched between the backing sheet (16) of the first layer and the backing sheet (16) of the second layer.
[0126] i) 1) aplicar um material adesivo (isto é, um primeiro material adesivo (40)) à estrutura absorvente (17) produzida na etapa g), e/ou i) 2) aplicar um material adesivo (isto é, um segundo material adesivo (60)) à folha de suporte (16; 16’), antes da etapa f, ou simultaneamente com a mesma, mas em nenhum evento antes da etapa h). [00126] The method may include the addition of step i): i) 1) applying an adhesive material (i.e., a first adhesive material (40)) to the absorbent structure (17) produced in step g), and / or i) 2) applying an adhesive material (i.e., a second adhesive material (60)) to the support sheet (16; 16 '), before step f, or simultaneously with it, but in no event before step h ).
[0127] [00127] Step i) 1) may involve spraying the first adhesive material in the form of fibers on the absorbent layer, or part of it, for example, substantially continuously, so that it is also present in the channels ( 2 6).
[0128] [00128] Step i) 2) may involve extrusion coating or spray coating of the backing sheet (16, 16 '), or continuously, or, for example, in a pattern that corresponds to the channel pattern (26).
[0129] [00129] The method may involve providing a pressure medium, such as a pressure cylinder, which can apply pressure to the absorbent structure (17), and typically an absorbent structure (17), so that the absorbent material is arranged between the backing sheet (16) and an additional material, pressure can be applied on the backing sheet (16) or on any additional material / layer placed on the absorbent layer (50), as described above in this section. This application of pressure can preferably be done selectively to apply pressure only to the channels (26) of the absorbent structure (17), for example, to the parts of the backing sheet (16) that correspond to the channels (26), and , which therefore do not comprise (on the opposite surface) absorbent material, to avoid compaction of the absorbent material. In this way, the pressure medium which has an embossed pressurization pattern which corresponds to the pattern of the embossed strip (s) and / or the fitting strip (s), preferably corresponds , to the pattern of the fitting strip (s).
[0130] [00130] The method may comprise the step of applying an adhesive material (for example, a second adhesive material 60) to the backing sheet (16), or part of it, before depositing the absorbent material / forming the absorbent layer (50), and / or applying an adhesive material (40; 40 ') on the absorbent layer (50), after deposition. Formation of the same on the support sheet (16).
[0131] [00131] The dimensions and values presented in the present invention should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values mentioned. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each of these dimensions is intended to mean both the mentioned value and a range of functionally equivalent values around that value. For example, a dimension displayed as ”40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm”.
[0132] [00132] All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the Invention are, in their relevant part, incorporated herein by way of reference. The citation of any document should not be interpreted as an admission that it represents prior art with respect to the present invention. If there is a conflict between any meaning or definition of a term mentioned in this document and the meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition attributed to the term mentioned in this document will take precedence.
[0133] [00133] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it should be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the character and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[0001]
Absorbent structure (17) for an absorbent article, comprising a backing sheet (16) and an absorbent layer (50) of absorbent material comprising at least one superabsorbent polymer material and a cellulosic material, the absorbent layer (50) being supported by and immobilized on the support sheet (16); the absorbent layer (50) having a transversal dimension and an average width W, a longitudinal dimension and an average length L and a height dimension (height); the absorbent layer (50) having a first lateral part extending longitudinally on one side of the longitudinal axis, and second lateral parts extending longitudinally on the other side of the longitudinal axis, the absorbent layer (50) having a frontal region, a posterior region, and between them a region between the thighs, each sequentially arranged in the longitudinal dimension; so that the absorbent layer (50) has at least one first longitudinally extending channel (26) and a second longitudinally extending channel (26) which are free from the superabsorbent polymer material and extend across the height of the layer absorbent (50), characterized by the fact that the first channel (26) is present only in the frontal region of the part of the first side, and the second channel (26) is present only in the front region of the part of the second side, each channel ( 26) having an average width W 'that is at least 4% of the average width W of the absorbent layer (50).
[0002]
Absorbent structure (17) according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorbent layer (50) has longitudinal side edges (18), a transverse front edge and a transverse back edge (19), the channels (26) do not extend to either the longitudinal side edges or a transverse front edge of the absorbent layer (50).
[0003]
Absorbent structure (17) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that W 'is at least 7% W and up to 25% W, and / or at least 5 mm and even, for example, 20 mm.
[0004]
Absorbent structure (17) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbent layer (50) comprises one or more additional channels (26 '; 26' ') which are free of superabsorbent polymer material, extending in the longitudinal dimension, each additional channel (26 '; 26' ') having an average width W' 'of at least 4% W.
[0005]
Absorbent structure (17) according to claim 4, characterized in that the one or more additional channels (26 '; 26' ') are present at least in the region between the thighs of the absorbent layer (50).
[0006]
Absorbent structure (17) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the support sheet (16) bends in the first and second channels (26), and in the additional channels (26 '; 26' ') , or part of them.
[0007]
Absorbent structure (17) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises one or more additional adhesive materials (40; 60) to immobilize the absorbent material on the support sheet (16).
[0008]
Absorbent structure (17) according to claim 7, characterized in that the one or more adhesive materials include a first adhesive material (40) which is applied to the absorbent layer (50), or part of it once supported by the support sheet (16), the adhesive being preferably a fibrous thermoplastic adhesive material.
[0009]
Absorbent structure (17) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the one or more adhesive materials include a second adhesive material (60) present between the backing sheet (16) and the absorbent layer (50) .
[0010]
Absorbent structure (17) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbent material consists of the superabsorbent polymer material, being in the form of particles.
[0011]
Absorbent core (7), characterized in that it comprises the absorbent structure (17), of the type defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, which is the first absorbent structure (17), and which comprises an additional material present adjacent to the absorbent layer (50), selected from: i) an additional support sheet (16 '), ii) a layer of capture material (70), iii) a second absorbent structure (15), comprising a second support sheet (16 ') and a second absorbent layer (50'), wherein the second absorbent layer (50 ') and the absorbent layer (50) of the first structure are sandwiched between the support sheets (16) of the first structure and the second support sheet (16 ').
[0012]
Absorbent core (7) according to claim 11, characterized in that the second absorbent structure (15) is of the type defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the channels of the second absorbent structure (15) are identical to the channels (26) of the first absorbent structure (17), completely overlapping them.
[0013]
Absorbent core (7) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the support sheet (16) of the first structure and / or the second support sheet (15, 17) folds in the channels (26) , or part thereof, in which one or both of the support sheets (16, 16 ') comprise an adhesive material (40; 40'; 60), in which the support sheets (16, 16 ') are adhered to one another. another or to the absorbent layer in the channels (26) by pressure connection or by an adhesive material.
[0014]
Absorbent structure (17) or absorbent core (7), of the type defined in any one of claims 1 to 10 or 11 to 13, characterized in that a pressure is selectively applied to the material part of the backing sheet (16) that corresponds to the channels (26), to further fold the support sheet (16) into the channels (26), the absorbent layer (50) and / or support sheet (16) comprising one or more adhesive materials (40; 40 '; 60) and the pressure helps to join the support sheet (16) in the grooves (26).
[0015]
Absorbent article, comprising an absorbent structure of the type defined in claims 1 to 10 or an absorbent core of the type defined in claims 11 to 13, the absorbent structure (17) for the absorbent article comprising a backing sheet (16) and an absorbent layer (50) of absorbent material comprising at least one superabsorbent polymer material and a cellulosic material, the absorbent layer (50) being supported by and immobilized on the support sheet (16); the absorbent layer (50) having a transverse dimension and an average width W, a longitudinal dimension and an average length L, and a height dimension (height); the absorbent layer (50) having a first lateral part extending longitudinally on one side of the longitudinal axis, and second lateral parts extending longitudinally on the other side of the longitudinal axis, the absorbent layer (50) having a frontal region, a posterior region, and between them a region between the thighs, each sequentially arranged in the longitudinal dimension; so that the absorbent layer (50) has at least one first longitudinally extending channel (26) and a second longitudinally extending channel (26) which are free from the superabsorbent polymer material and extend across the height of the layer absorbent (50), characterized by the fact that the first channel (26) is only present in the front region of the part of the first side, and the second channel (26) is present only in the front region of the part of the second side, each channel ( 26) having an average width W 'which is at least 4% of the average width W of the absorbent layer (50), the absorbent article being preferably a diaper.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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US9468566B2|2016-10-18|

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CN106974772A|2017-07-25|

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US10130525B2|2018-11-20|

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CN103607989A|2014-02-26|

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CA2838432C|2018-02-27|

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EP2717820B1|2019-08-14|

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US20190046366A1|2019-02-14|

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CA2838432A1|2012-12-13|

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US20120316527A1|2012-12-13|

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PL2717820T3|2020-01-31|

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CN106974772B|2021-01-12|

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US20160346138A1|2016-12-01|

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ES2751141T3|2020-03-30|

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CN103607989B|2017-05-24|

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WO2012170779A1|2012-12-13|

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BR112013030593A2|2016-09-27|

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JP6339010B2|2018-06-06|

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CL2013003518A1|2014-07-11|

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SG194985A1|2013-12-30|

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EP2717820A1|2014-04-16|

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US11110011B2|2021-09-07|

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RU2013151837A|2015-07-20|

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MX2013014588A|2014-01-24|

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JP2014515982A|2014-07-07|

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法律状态:
2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

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2019-10-01| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2020-07-14| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

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2020-12-01| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-02-17| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 08/06/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US201161495404P| true| 2011-06-10|2011-06-10|

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US61/495,404|2011-06-10|

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PCT/US2012/041493|WO2012170779A1|2011-06-10|2012-06-08|Absorbent structure for absorbent articles|

---