process to produce a carboxylic acid composition

专利摘要:
A process for producing a carboxylic acid composition An oxidation process for producing a crude carboxylic acid product is disclosed. The process comprises oxidizing a feed stream comprising at least one oxidizable compound to generate a carboxylic acid paste comprising furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (fdca) and compositions thereof. Also disclosed is a process for producing a dried purified carboxylic acid product by using various methods of purification on crude carboxylic acid.
公开号:BR112013028659B1
申请号:R112013028659
申请日:2012-05-10
公开日:2019-11-26
发明作者:Shaikh Ashfaq；Russell Bowers Bradford；Edwan Sumner Charles Jr；Milton Lange David；Randolph Parker Kenny；Reynolds Partin Lee；Ejerssa Janka Mesfin；Charles Morrow Michael
申请人:Eastman Chem Co；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Descriptive Report of the Invention Patent for COMPOSITION OF GUM OF CHEESE, PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE SAME AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN ENCAPSULATED FOOD ACID.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [001] Chewing gum manufacturers have long strived to provide longer-lasting aromas in chewing gums. In an approach to prolong aroma, ingredients including flavors, sweeteners, and food grade acids (to provide acidity) were encapsulated with polymers to delay and prolong their release. See, for example, US patent 4 931 293, 5 057 328, 5 064 658, and 5 110 608 to Cherukuri et al. In another approach, an aroma is extended by providing a chewing gum composition that includes a gum base, at least one aroma, and at least one encapsulated surfactant, where the surfactant increases the amount of aroma released from the chewing gum composition. See, e.g., U.S. Patent Application Publication No. ^US. US 2006/0263474 A1 from Luo. However, delayed release of food grade acids has been particularly difficult, perhaps due to its extremely high water solubility. So it has been difficult to provide a long-lasting acid aroma. Furthermore, with the current interest in chewing gum altering - aroma, it was not possible to prepare an acceptable gum altering - aroma that characterizes an acidic aroma as the second or subsequent aroma of the gum. There is a need for materials and processes capable of delaying and extending the release of food grade acids in chewing gum.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MODALITIES OF THE INVENTION [002] An embodiment is a process of preparing a chewing gum composition comprising:
[003] combining about 30 to about 90 percent in fusion
2/45 by weight of a poly (vinyl acetate), about 5 to about 20 weight percent of a fatty acid salt, and about 5 to about 50 weight percent of a food grade acid to form an encapsulated food-grade acid;
[004] where all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the encapsulated food-grade acid; and [005] by melting a gum base, a sweetener, and encapsulated food-grade acid to form a chewing gum composition.
[006] Another embodiment is a chewing gum composition comprising:
[007] a gum base; a sweetener; and [008] an encapsulated food grade acid comprising, based on the weight of the encapsulated food grade acid, from about 30 to about 90 weight percent of a poly (vinyl acetate), from about 5 to about 20 percent of a fatty acid salt, and about 5 to about 50 weight percent food grade acid.
[009] Another embodiment is a process for preparing an encapsulated food-grade acid: melting combination of about 35 to about 50 weight percent of a poly (vinyl acetate) having an average molecular weight of at least 30,000 atomic mass units, about 5 to about 15 weight percent of a fatty acid salt, and about 5 to about 50 weight percent of an encapsulated food-grade acid; where all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the encapsulated food grade acid composition.
[0010] These and other modalities are described in detail below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES [0011] Figure 1 is a graph of the release of citric acid from
3/45 of two encapsulated citric acid compositions.
[0012] Figure 2 is a bar chart of gum hardness as a function of chewing time for chewing gums containing (A) citric acid encapsulated with poly (vinyl acetate) alone, and (b) citric acid encapsulated with poly (vinyl acetate) and fatty acid salt.
[0013] Figure 3 is a bar graph of acidity perceived as a function of chewing time for chewing gums containing (A) citric acid encapsulated with poly (vinyl acetate) alone, and (b) citric acid encapsulated with poly (vinyl acetate) and fatty acid salt.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0014] The present invention is directed to process compositions for preparing food-grade acid encapsulated in poly (vinyl acetate) and a fatty acid salt and to chewing gum compositions containing the same which can provide the end user with a prolonged or delayed taste experience. More specifically, with chewing the user can experience a prolonged and / or delayed release of aromas, sweeteners, and acidic foods while maintaining a soft chewing gum texture. For example, to extend the perception of acidity a greater amount of encapsulated food acid has to be incorporated into the chewing gum, which incorporates more polymer, such as poly (vinyl acetate), in the chewing gum base when the chewing gum is chewed. This in turn deteriorates the subsequent chewing texture by hardening chewing gum boluses. Thus, with the current interest in longer-lasting acidity in chewing gums, it has not previously been possible to prepare an acceptable long-lasting flavor gum that features an extended acid aroma without the subsequent hardening of the chewing gum cake. Due to the
In order to delay or prolong the release of food grade acids, the present invention can still provide a sequential aroma exchange experience where the acid aroma can be felt as the second or subsequent flavor of the gum.
[0015] According to the present invention it has unexpectedly been found that encapsulation of a food grade acid in poly (vinyl acetate) and a fatty acid salt can extend or delay the release of the food grade acid. Poly (vinyl acetate) and food grade acids encapsulated in a fatty acid salt can still be incorporated into a chewing gum composition in order to more precisely control the intensity of, and timing of the acid aroma as experienced by the end user without deterioration the later chewing gum texture. The use of about 5 to about 15 weight percent of fatty acid salt was important to obtain the desired combination of reduced gum hardness in long chewing times and encapsulated acid with physical integrity. When the amount of fatty acid salt was significantly less than 5 percent by weight, the increase in hardness over long chewing times was not sufficiently moderate. And when the amount of fatty acid salt was significantly greater than 15 weight percent, a free fatty acid formed as a liquid and physically separated from the solid encapsulated food grade acid. [0016] In one embodiment there is encapsulated food-grade acid containing poly (vinyl acetate), a fatty acid salt, and a food-grade acid. In another embodiment, the encapsulated food grade active ingredient is incorporated into a chewing gum which further includes a gum base and a sweetener.
[0017] An embodiment is a process of preparing a chewing gum composition comprising: melt combination of about 30 to about 90 weight percent of a poly (aceta
5/45 to vinyl), about 5 to about 20 weight percent of a fatty acid salt, and about 5 to about 50 weight percent of a food grade acid to form an encapsulated food grade acid ; where all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the encapsulated food-grade acid; and meltingly combining a gum base, a sweetener, and the encapsulated food-grade acid to form a chewing gum composition.
[0018] In some embodiments, poly (vinyl acetate) has an average molecular weight of at least 30,000 atomic mass units. In some embodiments, the average weight molecular weight of poly (vinyl acetate) is about 30,000 to about 500,000 atomic mass units, more specifically about 80,000 to about 300,000 atomic mass units. Poly (vinyl acetate) is present in an amount of about 30 to about 90 weight percent of encapsulated food-grade acid. In some embodiments, poly (vinyl acetate) is present in an amount of about 30 to about 80 weight percent, specifically about 35 to about 75 weight percent, more specifically about 40 to about 60 percent by weight of encapsulated food-grade acid.
[0019] Suitable fatty acid salts used for preparing encapsulated food-grade acid include, for example, a sodium salt of C ₁₂ -C ₃₆ aliphatic carboxylic acid, a potassium salt of a C ₁₂ -C ₃₆ aliphatic carboxylic acid , a calcium salt of a C ₁₂ -C ₃₆ aliphatic carboxylic acid, a zinc salt of a C ₁₂ -C ₃₆ aliphatic carboxylic acid, a magnesium salt of a C ₁₂ -C ₃₆ aliphatic carboxylic acid, an aluminum salt of a C ₁₂ -C ₃₆ aliphatic carboxylic acid, and combinations thereof. In the context of the fatty acid salts mentioned above, suitable C ₁₂ -C ₃₆ aliphatic carboxylic acids include saturated fatty acids such as, for example, palmitic acid,
6/45 stearic, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, and kerotic acid. Also in the context of the fatty acid salts mentioned above, C12-C36 aliphatic carboxylic acids still include unsaturated fatty acids such as, for example, palmitoleic acid, sapienic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, vaccenic acid, linoleic acid, linoelaidic acid, alpha linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosa pentaenoic acid, erucic acid, and docosa hexaenoic acid. In some embodiments, the fatty acid salt is a sodium salt of a C12-C36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, such as sodium stearate. In other embodiments, the fatty acid salt is a calcium salt of a C12-C36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, such as calcium stearate. When calcium stearate is used to prepare encapsulated food-grade acid, calcium stearate is greater than about 80% pure, more specifically more than about 90% pure. The fatty acid salt is present in an amount of about 5 to about 15 weight percent, based on the total weight of the encapsulated food grade acid. In some embodiments, the amount of fatty acid salt is about 7 to about 13 weight percent, specifically about 9 to about 11 weight percent.
[0020] Suitable food grade acids used to prepare encapsulated food grade acid include, for example, adipic acid, ascorbic acid, aspartic acid, benzoic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, oxalic, phosphoric acid, sorbic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the food-grade acid includes citric acid, malic acid, or a mixture thereof. Encapsulated food grade acid includes food grade acid in an amount of about 5 to about 50 weight percent, based on the total weight of the encapsulated food grade acid. In some embodiments, the amount of food-grade acid is
7/45 about 10 to about 40 weight percent, specifically about 20 to about 40 weight percent, more specifically about 30 to about 40 weight percent.
[0021] In some embodiments, the encapsulated food-grade acid still comprises one or more active ingredients in addition to the food-grade acid. Such active ingredients may include, for example, flavorings, high intensity sweeteners, oral care agents, antioxidants, nutraceuticals, pharmaceutical actives, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the encapsulated food-grade acid still comprises talc. In some embodiments, the amount of talc is about 0.1 to about 1.0 weight percent, based on the total weight of the encapsulated food grade acid.
[0022] In some embodiments, the food grade acid that is used to form the encapsulated food grade acid has an average numerical particle size of about 25 to about 600 micrometers. In some embodiments, food-grade acid has an average numerical particle size of about 50 to about 400 microns, more specifically about 70 to about 200 microns. In one embodiment the food grade acid used to form the encapsulated food grade acid is a solid at 25 ° C and an atmosphere.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the encapsulated food grade acid composition comprises the fatty acid salt in an amount of about 5 to about 15 weight percent, the food grade acid in an amount of about 20 to about 40 weight percent, and poly (vinyl acetate) in an amount of about 50 to about 75 weight percent.
[0024] In an embodiment of the encapsulated food-grade acid the fatty acid salt and the food-grade acid are present in a weight ratio of about 1: 1 to about 1:10. In some
8/45 embodiments, the fatty acid salt and the food grade acid are present in a weight ratio of about 1: 1 to about 1: 8, more specifically about 1: 2.5 to about 1: 6. In an embodiment of the encapsulated food-grade acid the fatty acid salt and the poly (vinyl acetate) are present in a weight ratio of about 1: 1.5 to about 1:20. In some embodiments, the fatty acid salt and poly (vinyl acetate) are present in a weight ratio of about 1: 2 to about 1:15 more specifically about 1: 3 to about 1:13. In an embodiment of encapsulated food-grade acid, food-grade acid and poly (vinyl acetate) are present in a weight ratio of about 1: 1 to about 1: 5. In some embodiments, food-grade acid and poly (vinyl acetate) are present in a weight ratio of about 1: 1.1 to about 1: 3 more specifically about 1: 1.2 to about 1: 2.2.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the fatty acid salt is sodium stearate, the food grade acid is citric acid, malic acid, or a combination thereof, the food grade acid has an average numerical particle size of about from 50 to about 100 micrometers, the encapsulated food grade acid comprises the fatty acid salt and the food grade acid in a weight ratio of about 1: 2 to about 1: 8, the encapsulated food grade acid comprises the fatty acid salt and the poly (vinyl acetate) in a weight ratio of about 1: 2.5 to about 1:15, the encapsulated food grade acid comprises the food grade acid and the poly ( vinyl acetate) in a weight ratio of about 1: 1.2 to about 1: 3, the encapsulated food-grade acid particles have an average numerical particle size of less than or equal to 420 micrometers, the composition chewing gum comprises al-grade acid encapsulated substance and the gum base in a weight ratio of about 1:12 to about 1: 3; and chewing gum
9/45 further comprises a free food-grade acid.
Chewing Gum [0026] As used herein, the terms gum, chewing gum, and ball gum are used interchangeably and are intended to include any gum composition. With respect to chewing gum compositions, such compositions contain a gum base, the aroma enhancing composition, and various additives.
[0027] In one embodiment, the encapsulated food-grade acid is incorporated into a chewing gum. Chewing gum includes a gum base and a sweetener in addition to encapsulated food grade acid. The amount of the encapsulated food-grade acid can be about 0.5 to about 12 weight percent, specifically about 1 to about 10 weight percent, more specifically about 2 to about 9 weight percent, even more specifically about 4 to about 8 weight percent, based on the weight of the chewing gum composition. In some embodiments, the encapsulated food-grade acid is present in a chewing gum composition in a particulate form having an average numerical particle size of less than or equal to about 500 micrometers. In some embodiments, the encapsulated food-grade acid is present in a chewing gum composition in a particulate form having an average numerical particle size of about 5 to about 500 micrometers, specifically about 10 to about 450 micrometers , more specifically about 20 to about 420 micrometers.
[0028] In some embodiments, the gum composition includes one or more non-encapsulated active ingredients in addition to encapsulated food-grade acid. Additional active ingredients can be non-encapsulated active ingredients, encapsulated active ingredients or mixtures thereof. In some modalities, the ingredients
10/45 active ingredients may include sweeteners, flavorings, high intensity sweeteners, food grade acids, oral care agents, antioxidants, nutraceuticals, pharmaceutical actives and their mixtures. In a preferred embodiment the chewing gum can still include unencapsulated food grade acids. Suitable non-encapsulated acids include any of the food grade acids recited here. In some embodiments, non-encapsulated acids include citric acid, malic acid, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the non-encapsulated active ingredients are present in an amount of about 0.1 to about 2.0 weight percent based on the total weight of the chewing gum composition. In some embodiments, the non-encapsulated active ingredients are present in an amount of about 0.25 to about 1.5 weight percent, more specifically about 0.5 to about 1.0 weight percent of the gum composition. chewing.
The gum compositions shown here can be coated or uncoated, and be in the form of plates, sticks, pellets, balls, and the like. The composition of the different forms of the gum compositions will be similar, but may vary with respect to the ratio of the ingredients. For example, coated gum compositions may contain a lower percentage of softeners. Pellets and balls can have a core of chewing gum, which has been coated with a sugar solution or a sugar-free solution to create a hard shell. Plates and sticks are usually formulated to be softer in texture than the chewing gum core. In some cases, a fatty hydroxy acid salt or other surfactants may have a softening effect on the gum base. In order to adjust any potential undesirable softening effect that surfactants may have on the gum base, it may be beneficial to formulate a gum in plate or stick having a firmer texture
11/45 than usual (ie less conventional softening than is typically used).
[0030] Filled core gum is another common form of gum. The gum portion has a composition and method of manufacture similar to those described above. However, the center filler is typically an aqueous liquid or gel, which is injected into the center of the gum during processing. The encapsulated food-grade acid can optionally be incorporated into the center filling during manufacture of the filling, incorporated directly into the chewing gum portion of the total gum composition, or incorporated into both the center filling and the gum portion. chew. The filled center gum can also be optionally coated and can be prepared in various forms, such as in the form of a lollipop.
[0031] The chewing gum composition generically comprises a gum base, bulk sweeteners, high intensity sweeteners, flavorings, coloring agents, sensible, and any other optional additives, including throat soothing agents, spices, bleaching agents. teeth, breath freshening agents, vitamins, minerals, caffeine, drugs (eg, medicines, herbs and nutritional supplements), oral care products, and combinations comprising at least one of the above.
[0032] Generally, the chewing gum composition comprises a water-insoluble gum base portion and a water-soluble volume portion. The gum base can vary widely depending on several factors such as the type of base desired, the desired gum consistency, and the other components used in the composition to manufacture the final chewing gum product. The gum base can be any water-insoluble gum base known in the art, and includes those gum bases used for chewing gums and ball gums. Illustrative examples of suitable polymers
12/45 of gum bases include natural and synthetic rubber and elastomers. For example, natural rubber and elastomers include substances of plant origin such as sublimated or liquid latex and guayule, natural gums such as jelutong, lechi caspi, perillo, sorva, massaranduba balata, chocolate massaranduba, nispero, rosidinha, gum crown, chicle, gutta percha , gutta kataiu, gutta kay, niger gutta, tunu, chilte, chiquibul, gutta hang kang, or the like, and mixtures thereof.
[0033] Synthetic elastomers include high and low molecular weight elastomers. Useful high molecular weight elastomers include copolymers of butadiene - styrene, polyisopropene, polyisopropylene, isobutylene copolymer - isoprene, polyethylene, combinations thereof, and the like. Useful low molecular weight elastomers include polybutene, polybutadiene, polyisobutylene, and combinations thereof. Suitable gum bases may also include polymeric vinyl elastomers such as poly (vinyl acetate), polyethylene, vinyl copolymer elastomers such as vinyl acetate and vinyl laurate copolymers, vinyl acetate copolymers and vinyl stearate, ethylene copolymers and copolymers. vinyl acetate, poly (vinyl alcohol) and their combinations. When used, the average numerical molecular weight of vinyl polymers can vary from about 3000 to about 94 000. Vinyl polymers such as poly (vinyl alcohol) and poly (vinyl acetate) (when used in the gum base, as distinguished from acid encapsulated food grade) can have an average numerical molecular weight of about 8000 to about 65000. In addition, any combination of natural and synthetic high and low molecular weight elastomers and rubbers can be used as a gum base.
[0034] The amount of gum base used will vary greatly depending on several factors such as the type of base used, the desired gum consistency, and other components used in the
13/45 composition for making the final chewing gum product. In general, the gum base will be present in an amount of about 5 to about 94 weight percent of the final chewing gum composition. In some embodiments, the amount of gum base is about 15 to about 45 weight percent, specifically about 20 to about 40 weight percent, more specifically about 30 to about 40 weight percent, based on weight total chewing gum composition.
[0035] The water-insoluble gum base portion may additionally still contain any combination of elastomer plasticizers, waxes, softeners, fillers, and other optional ingredients such as dyes and antioxidants. Elastomer plasticizers are also commonly referred to as resins, resinous compounds, solvent elastomers, or rosin. Additives that can be included in the gum base include plasticizers, waxes or softeners that are used in effective amounts to provide a variety of desirable textures and consistency properties. Due to the low molecular weight of these components, texture modifying agents are able to penetrate the fundamental structure of the gum base making it more plastic and less viscous.
The gum base composition may contain conventional elastomer plasticizers to aid in softening the elastomer based component, for example, terpene resins such as polymers derived from alpha pinene, beta pinene, and / or d-limonene; methyl, glycerol or pentaerythritol esters of modified rosin or rosin and gums, such as hydrogenated, dimerized or polymerized rosin, or combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing resins; pentaerythritol ester of rosin rosin or partially hydrogenated wood; pentaerythritol ester of wood rosin or gum; the glycerol ester of wood rosin; the glycerol ester of
14/45 rosin rosin or partially dimerized wood; glycerol ester of gum rosin or polymerized wood; the glycerol ester of rosin rosin; glycerol ester of gum or wood rosin; rosin rosin or partially hydrogenated wood; the partially hydrogenated methyl ester of wood or rosin; and the like. Any combination of the foregoing elastomer plasticizers can be used to soften or adjust the tackiness of the elastomer based component. The elastomer plasticizer can be used in an amount of about 5 to about 75 weight percent of the gum base, specifically about 45 to about 70 weight percent of the gum base.
[0037] Suitable softeners include lanolin, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, fatty acids, sodium stearate, potassium stearate, glyceryl triacetate, glyceryl lecithin, glyceryl monostearate, propylene glycol monostearate, mono-, di-, and triglycerides, acetylated monoglyceride, glycerin, lecithin, diacetin, and their combinations. Other suitable softeners include waxes. Waxes, for example, natural and synthetic waxes, hydrogenated vegetable oils, petroleum waxes such as polyurethane waxes, polyethylene waxes, paraffin waxes, microcrystalline waxes, fatty waxes, sorbitan monostearate, tallow, cocoa butter, propylene glycol, and the like they can also be incorporated into the gum base to obtain a variety of desirable textures and consistency properties.
[0038] In some embodiments, the chewing gum composition still comprises a gum-based softener. Softeners include, for example, lanolin, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, fatty acids, sodium stearate, potassium stearate, glyceryl triacetate, glyceryl lecithin, glyceryl monostearate, propylene glycol monostearate, mono-, di- and triglycerides, acetailated monoglycerides, glycerin, lecithin, diacetin, waxes, and their combinations.
15/45
In some embodiments, softeners may be present in amounts of up to about 30 weight percent of the gum base, specifically about 0.1 to about 20 weight percent of the gum base, more specifically about 0.1 to about 4 weight percent of the gum base, even more specifically about 0.5 to about 2.5 weight percent of the gum base.
[0039] When a wax is present in the gum base, it softens the mixture of polymeric elastomers and improves the elasticity of the gum base. The waxes used will have a melting point below about 60 ° C, and preferably about 45 to about 55 ° C. The low melting wax can be a paraffin wax. The wax may be present in the gum base in an amount of about 5 to about 12 weight percent, specifically about 6 to about 10 weight percent, based on the weight of the gum base. [0040] In addition to low melting point waxes, waxes having a higher melting point can be used in the gum base in amounts of up to about 5 weight percent of the gum base. Such high-melting waxes include beeswax, vegetable wax, rice bran wax, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, polyethylene wax, microcrystalline wax, most petroleum waxes, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
[0041] The gum base may include effective amounts of bulking agent such as mineral adjuvants, which can serve as fillers and texture agents. Suitable mineral adjuvants include calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, alumina, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum silicate, talc, tri-calcium phosphate and the like, which can serve as fillers and texture agents. These fillers or adjuvants can be used in the gum base in various amounts. Specifically the amount of filler material, when used, will be
16/45 is in an amount of about 15 to about 40 weight percent, specifically about 20 to 30 weight percent, based on the weight of the gum base.
[0042] In addition to a water-insoluble gum base portion, a typical chewing gum composition includes a water-soluble volume portion and one or more flavoring agents. In another embodiment, the active ingredient is present in a water-soluble volume portion of the chewing gum composition. The water-soluble portion can include bulk sweeteners, high intensity sweeteners, flavoring agents, softeners, emulsifiers, coloring agents, acidulants, fillers, antioxidants, and other conventional chewing gum additives that provide desired attributes. In some embodiments, the active ingredient has a solubility in water of at least about 100 grams per liter at 25 ° C and an atmosphere, specifically about 200 to about 1000 grams per liter at 25 ° C and an atmosphere, and more specifically about 300 to about 800 grams miscible per liter at 25 ° C and an atmosphere. For example, citric acid has a water solubility of about 730 miscible grams per liter at 25 ° C and an atmosphere. And malic acid has a water solubility of about 588 miscible grams per liter at 20 ° C and an atmosphere. These and other conventional chewing gum additives known to those skilled in the art can also be incorporated into the gum base.
[0043] As mentioned above, a wide variety of one or more conventional additives can be used in the chewing gum composition, including sweeteners, high intensity sweeteners, aroma modulators or enhancers, flavors / flavorings, coloring agents, medications, agents oral care agents, throat care agents, breath fresheners, mine adjuvants
17/45 raisers, bulking agents, acidulants, buffering agents, sensory agents (for example, heating agents, cooling agents, tingling agents, effervescent agents), thickeners, mouthwashes, aroma enhancing compositions, antioxidants (for example , butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA), or propyl gallate), preservatives, emulsifiers, thickening agents, and the like. Some of these additives can serve more than one purpose. For example, a sweetener such as sucrose, sorbitol or other sugar alcohol, or combinations of the sweeteners listed above and mentioned below, can also function as a bulking agent. In addition, combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing assets are often used.
[0044] In some embodiments, chewing gum includes a sweetening agent to provide a sweet taste for the gum composition. Sweetening agents can include sugar sweeteners, sugar-free sweeteners, high intensity sweeteners, or a combination of at least one of the previous sweetening agents.
[0045] Sugar sweeteners generally include saccharides. Suitable sugar sweeteners include monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides such as sucrose (sugar), dextrose, maltose, dextrin, xylose, ribose, glucose, mannose, galactose, fructose (levulose), lactose, inverted sugar, oligosaccharide fruit syrups, partially hydrolyzed starch corn syrup solids, such as high fructose corn syrup, and mixtures thereof.
[0046] Suitable sugar-free sweetening agents include sugar alcohols (or polyols) such as sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, galactitol, maltitol, hydrogenated isomaltulose (isomalt), lactitol, erythritol, hydrogenated starch hydrolyzate, stevia and mixtures thereof.
Suitable hydrogenated starch hydrolysates include those shown in U.S. Patent 4,279,931 to Verwaerde et al., And
18/45 several hydrogenated syrups and / or glucose powders, which contain sorbitol, hydrogenated disaccharides, hydrogenated superior polysaccharides, or mixtures thereof. Hydrogenated starch hydrolysates are primarily prepared through controlled catalytic hydrogenation of corn syrups. The resulting hydrogenated starch hydrolysates are mixtures of monomeric, dimeric and polymeric saccharides. The reasons for these different saccharides yield different hydrogenated starch hydrolysates with different properties. Mixtures of hydrogenated starch hydrolysates, such as those sold under the trademark LYCASIN by Roquette Freres of France, and those sold under the trademark HYSTAR by Lonza, Inc., of Fairlawn, New Jersey, USA, are also useful.
[0048] A high intensity sweetener as used herein means agents having a sweetness at least 100 times that of sugar (sucrose) on a weight basis, specifically at least 500 times that of sugar on a weight basis. In one embodiment the high intensity sweetener is at least 1000 times that of sugar on a weight basis, more specifically at least 5000 times that of sugar on a weight basis. The high intensity sweetener can be selected from a wide range of materials, including water-soluble sweeteners, water-soluble artificial sweeteners, water-soluble sweeteners derived from naturally occurring water-soluble sweeteners, dipeptide-based sweeteners, and protein-based sweeteners . Any combination comprising one or more high intensity sweeteners can be used. One or more high intensity sweeteners can still be combined with one or more of the previous sweeteners or sweetening agents.
[0049] Without being limited to particular sweeteners, representative categories and examples include: water-soluble sweetening agents such as dihydro chalcones, moneline, steviosides, Rebaudioside A,
19/45
Rebaudioside B, Rebaudioside C, glycyrrhizin, dihydro flavenol, and sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, mannitol, maltitol, and L-amino dicarboxylic acid, amine alkenoic acid ester amides, such as those shown in US patent 4 619 834 to Zanno et al ., and their combinations; water-soluble artificial sweeteners such as saccharin, soluble saccharine salts, that is, sodium or calcium saccharin salts, cyclamate salts, acesulfame salts, with the 3,4-dioxide sodium, ammonium or calcium salt of 3,4- dihydro-6-methyl-1,2,3-oxatiazino-4-one, the 3,4-dihydro-6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine 2,2-dioxide potassium salt -4-one (Acesulfame-K), the free acid form of saccharin, and combinations thereof; dipeptide-based sweeteners, for example, sweeteners derived from L-aspartic acid such as L-aspartyl-L-phenyl alanine methyl ester (Aspartame) and materials described in US patent 3 492 131 to Schalatter, L-alpha-aspartate hydrate -N- (2,2,4,4-tetra methyl-3 -iethyl) -D-alaninamide (Alitame), methyl esters of L-aspartyl-L-phenyl glycine and L-aspartyl-L-2,5-dihydro phenyl glycine , L-alpha aspartyl-phenyl glycine methyl ester, L-alpha-aspartyl-L-2,5-dihydro phenyl glycine methyl ester, Laspart-2,5-dihydro-L-phenyl alanine; L-alpha-aspartyl-2,5-dihydro phenyl alanine methyl ester; L-aspartyl-L- (1-cyclohexen) -alanine, N- (N- (3,3-dimethyl butyl) -L-alpha aspartyl) -L-phenyl alanine (Neotame) methyl ester, or a combination of themselves; water-soluble sweeteners derived from naturally occurring water-soluble sweeteners, such as steviosides, Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside B, Rebaudioside C, chlorinated derivatives of common sugar (sucrose), for example, chlorides derivatives oxidesoxy sugar such as derivatives of chloride oxidesoxy sucrose or chlorine deooxygalactose sucrose, known, for example, under the product name Sucralose; examples of chlorides oxidesoxy sucrose and chlorides oxidesoxy galacto sucrose include 1-chloro-1'oxidesoxy sucrose; 4-chloro-4-oxidesoxy alpha-D-galacto pyranosyl alpha-Dfruct furanoside, or 4-chloro-4-oxidesoxy galacto sucrose; 4-chlorine-4
20/45 deoxy-alpha-D-galacto pyranosyl-1-chloro-1-oxidesoxy beta D-fruit furanoside, 4,1'-dichloro-4,1'-dideooxygalate sucrose; 1 ', 6'-dichloro-1', 6'dideooxysucrose; 1,6-dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-p-D-fruit furanosyl-4-chloro-4deoxy-a-D-galacto pyranoside; 4-chloro-4-deoxy-alpha-D-galacto pyranosil1,6-dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-beta-D-fruit furanoside, or 4,1 ', 6'-trichloro4,1', 6'-trideooxiga -lactose sucrose; 4,6-dichloro-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-Dgalactopyranosil-6-chloro-6-deoxy-beta-D-fruit furanoside, or 4,6,6'-trichloro-4,6,6'-trideooxygalate sucrose; 6.1 ', 6'-trichloro-6, trideooxysucrose; 4,6-dichloro-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-galacto pyranosyl-1,6dichloro-1,6-dideooxy-beta-D-fruit furanoside, or 4,6,1 ', 6'-tetra chloro4, 6.1 ', 6'-tetra deooxygalactose sucrose; 4,6,1 ', 6'-tetra oxidesoxysucrose, and combinations thereof; protein-based sweeteners like thaumatococcous danielli, thaumantina, talina; mogrosids (lo ha guo); and their combinations; and amino acid based sweeteners. In a preferred embodiment, sweeteners include sorbitol, mannitol, monatin, aspartame, acesulfame potassium salt, and mixtures thereof.
[0050] The high intensity sweetener can be used in a variety of different physical forms, for example, those known in the art to provide an initial burst of sweetness and / or a prolonged sensation of sweetness. Without being limited, such physical forms include free forms (for example, spray dried or sprayed), pearl forms, encapsulated forms, and combinations thereof.
[0051] In a chewing gum, a sweet taste can come from aroma modulators or enhancers and / or flavorings as well as sweeteners. Aroma enhancers can consist of materials that enhance, supplement, modify or enhance the perception of taste or aroma of an original material without introducing a characteristic perception of flavor or aroma by itself. Aroma modulators can provide a characteristic
21/45 of itself that complements or denies a characteristic of another component. In some modalities, aroma modulators or enhancers are designed to enhance, supplement, modify, or enhance the perception of aroma, sweetness, acidity, umami, kokumi, salt and their combinations. Thus, the addition of modulators or aroma enhancers can impact the total flavor of the edible. For example, flavors can be composed to have additional sweet notes through the inclusion of modulators or flavor enhancers, such as vanilla, vanillin, ethyl maltol, furfural, ethyl propionate, lactones, and combinations thereof. [0052] Exemplary aroma modulators or enhancers include mono ammonium glycyrrhizinate, licorice glycyrrhizinates, citrus aurantium, alapiridaine, alapiridaine (N- (1-carbooxyethyl) -6 (hydroxymethyl) pyridinium-3-ol) salt, miraculin, curculin, strogin, mabinlim, gymnemic acid, cinarin, glupiridain, pyridinium compounds - betaine, neotame, thaumatin, neohesperidine dihydro calcone, tagatose, trehalose, maltol, ethyl maltol, vanilla extract, vanilla oil, vanillin extract sugar beet (alcoholic extract), sugar cane leaf essence (alcoholic extract), compounds that respond to receptors coupled to G-protein (T2Rs and TiRs), and their combinations. In some embodiments, the aroma modulator or enhancer is selected from sugar acids, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium acid sulfate, and combinations thereof. In other combinations, the aroma modulator or enhancer is selected from glutamates such as mono sodium glutamate, mono potassium glutamate, hydrolyzed vegetable protein, hydrolyzed animal protein, yeast extract, and their combinations. Still examples include adenosine monophosphate (AMP), glutathione, and nucleotides such as inosine monophosphate, di-sodium inosinate, xanthosin mono phosphate, guanylate mono phosphate, and combinations thereof. Still examples of composition
22/45 tions of aroma enhancers that provide kokumi are also included in U.S. patent 5,679,397 to Kuroda et al.
[0053] The amount of aroma modulators, aroma puncturizers, and flavorings used here may be a matter of preference subject to factors such as the type of final edible product composition, the individual flavor, the confectionery base used, and the desired aroma resistance. Thus, the amount of flavoring can be varied in order to obtain the desired result in the final product and such variations are within the capabilities of those skilled in the art without the need for undue experimentation.
[0054] In some embodiments, chewing gum may contain flavoring agents and / or flavoring agents including natural and synthetic flavorings such as natural vegetable components, aromatics and / or flavoring oils, essential oils, essences, extracts, powdered, food grade acids , oil resins and extracts derived from plants, leaves, flowers, fruits, and the like, and their combinations. Flavorings can be in liquid or powdered form.
[0055] Examples of artificial, natural and synthetic flavorings and fruits include coconut, coffee, chocolate, vanilla, lemon, grapefruit, orange, lime, yazu, sudachi, menthol, licorice, caramel, honey, peanut, walnut, cashew, hazelnut, almond, pineapple, strawberry, raspberry, blackberry, tropical fruits, berries, cinnamon, mint, pearl, common mint, eucalyptus, and mint, fruit essence such as apple, pear, peach, grape, vaccination, strawberry, raspberry, cherry , plum, pineapple, apricot, banana, melon, ume, blackberry, tropical fruit, mango, mangosteen, pomegranate, papaya, and the like.
[0056] Other potential flavors whose release profiles can be managed include a milk flavor, a butter flavor, a cheese flavor, a cream flavor, a yogurt flavor, a vanilla flavor, a tea or coffee flavor , such as an aroma of
23/45 green tea, an oolong tea aroma, a cocoa aroma, a chocolate aroma, a mint aroma, such as peppermint, common mint and Japanese mint; spicy aromas, such as asafetida, ajowan, anise, angelica, fennel, allspice, cinnamon, chamomile, mustard, cardamom, caraway, cumin, cloves, pepper, coriander, sassafras, salty, Zanthoxyli Fructus, perilla, juniper, ginger, anise, horseradish, thymus, tarragon, dill, capsicum, nutmeg, basil, marjoram, daisy, bay leaf, and wasabi; alcoholic flavors like wine, whiskey, brandy, rum, gin, and liquor; floral and vegetable aromas, such as onion, garlic, cabbage, carrot, celery, mushroom, and tomato. Commonly used flavorings include mints such as peppermint, menthol, common mint, artificial vanilla, cinnamon derivatives, and various fruit flavors, whether used individually or in a mixture. Scents can also provide cooling breath properties, particularly mint scents when used in combination with cooling agents. In some embodiments, the composition may still include fruit juices.
[0057] Flavoring agents can be used in many different physical forms. Such physical forms include liquid and / or dried form. In some embodiments, flavoring agents can be in free (non-encapsulated) forms, spray-dried forms, frozen frozen forms, powdered forms, pearl forms, encapsulated forms, slices, pieces, and mixtures thereof. When used in a spray-dried form, appropriate drying means such as spray-drying a liquid can be used. Alternatively, the flavoring agent can be absorbed over water-soluble materials, such as cellulose, starch, sugar, malt dextrin, gum arabic, and so on or can be encapsulated. In still other embodiments, the flavoring agent may be adsorbed on silicas, zeolites, and the like. The size of
The flavor particle can be less than 3 millimeters, less than 2 millimeters, or preferably less than 1 millimeter, calculated as the longest particle size. The natural flavoring agent can have a particle size of about 3 microns to about 2 millimeters, specifically about 4 microns to about 1 millimeter.
[0058] Various synthetic flavors, such as mixed fruit flavors, can also be used in chewing gum. The flavoring agent can be used in smaller quantities than those conventionally used. Flavoring agents and / or flavors can be used in the amount of about 0.01 to about 30 weight percent of the gum composition depending on the desired intensity of the flavors and / or flavorings used. Preferably, the content of flavors and / or flavorings is in the range of about 0.2 to about 4 weight percent of the gum composition.
[0059] In some embodiments, the encapsulated food-grade acid still contains a flavoring, any of the flavorings described here is suitable for use. The flavoring can include a powdered flavor, a liquid flavor, a natural vegetable component, an aromatic flavoring, a flavoring oil, an essential oil, an essence, an extract, a food-grade acid, a resin oil, a plant extract, a flower extract, a fruit extract, and their combinations.
[0060] Chewing gum can still include cooling and heating agents. Cooling agents, also known as sodas, are additives that provide a cooling or refreshing effect on the mouth, nasal cavity, or skin. Menthol-based soft drinks as used herein include menthol and menthol derivatives. Menthol (also known as 2- (2-propyl) -5methyl-1-cyclohexanol) is available artificially or naturally
25/45 from sources like peppermint oil. Menthol derivatives include cooling compounds based on menthyl ester and menthol carboxamide such as menthyl carboxamide, N-ethyl-p-menthane carboxamide, mono menthyl succinate, mono menthyl methyl succinate, mono menthyl glutarate, 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate menthol, mono menthyl 3-methyl maleate, menthyl acetate, menthyl lactate, menthyl salicylate, 2-isopropanyl-5-methyl cyclohexanol, 3-L-mentoxypropane-1,2diol, menthol, menthol, menthol ketals, menthol glycerol ketals, esters of menthyl glutarate, N-ethyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide (WS-30, and combinations thereof).
[0061] Other refrigerants can be used in combination with the menthol-based refrigerant, for example, 2-mercapto cycle decanone, hydroxycarboxylic acids with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, N, 2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropyl butanamide, xylitol , erythritol, alpha dimethyl succinate, methyl lactate, and combinations thereof.
[0062] Heating agents can be selected from a wide variety of known compounds to provide the sensory heating signal to the user. These compounds offer the perceived feeling of warmth, particularly in the oral cavity, and often improve the perception of aromas, sweeteners and other organoleptic components. Among the useful heating compounds included are vanylyl alcohol n-butyl ether (TK-1000) supplied by Takasago Perfumary Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan, vanylyl alcohol npropyl ether, vanylyl alcohol isopropyl ether, vanylyl alcohol isobutyl ether, vanylyl alcohol n-amino ether, vanylyl alcohol isoamyl ether, vanylyl alcohol n-hexyl ether, vanylyl alcohol methyl ether, vanylyl alcohol ethyl ether, gingerol, shogaol, paradol, zingerone, capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin, homocapsaicin, homodihydrocapsaicine, isopropyl, alcohol, iso, alcohol benzyl alcohol, glycerin, and combinations thereof.
[0063] Coloring agents (dyes, dyes) can be used
26/45 in effective quantities to produce a desired color for the edible.
[0064] Suitable coloring agents include pigments, which can be incorporated in amounts of up to 6 weight percent of the chewing gum composition. For example, titanium dioxide can be incorporated in amounts of up to about 2 weight percent, and specifically less than about 1 weight percent of the chewing gum composition.
[0065] Suitable coloring agents also include natural food colors and dyes suitable for cosmetic and drug applications, food. Suitable colors include annatto extract (E160b), bixin, norbixin, astaxanthin, dehydrated beets (beetroot powder), beet root / betanine red (E162), ultramarine blue, canthaxanthin (E161g), cryptoxanthin (E161c), rubyxinin ), violanxanthin (E161e), rhodoxanthin (E161f), caramel (E150 (ad)), p-apo-8'-carotenal (E160e), β-carotene (E160a), alpha carotene, gamma carotene, ethyl beta-ester apo-8-carotenal (E160f), flavoxanthin (E161a), lutein (E161b), cochineal extract (E120), carmine (E132), carmoisin / azorubin (E122), sodium chlorophylline (E141), chlorophyll (E140), partially roasted defatted cottonseed flour, ferrous gluconate, ferrous lactate, grape-colored extract, grape skin extract (enocyanine) (E163), haematococcus algae flour, synthetic iron oxide, iron oxides and hydroxides (E172 ), fruit juice, vegetable juice, dried seaweed flour, flour and extract of tagetes (Aztec marigold), oil that of carrot, corn endosperm oil, paprika oil resin, phaffia yeast, riboflavin (E101), saffron, titanium dioxide, turmeric (E100), turmeric oil resin, amaranth (E123), capsanthin / capsorbine (E160c), lycopene (E160d), blue # 1 FD&C, blue # 2 FD&C, green # 3 FD&C, red # 3 FD&C, red # 40 FD&C, yellow # 5 FD&C, yellow # 6 FD&C,
27/45 tartrazine (E102), quinoline yellow ((E104), sunset yellow (E110), ponceau (E124), erythrosine (E127), patent blue V (E131), titanium dioxide (E171), aluminum (E173), silver (E174), gold (E175), ruby pigment / ruby lithol BK (E180), calcium carbonate (E170), carbon black (E153), PN black / glossy BN black (E151), green S / acid bright BS green (E142), FD&C aluminum lacquers, and combinations thereof.
[0066] Exemplary breath fresheners that can be used in chewing gum include zinc citrate, zinc acetate, zinc fluoride, zinc ammonium sulfate, zinc bromide, zinc iodide, zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, fluorine zinc silicate, zinc gluconate, zinc tartrate, zinc succinate, zinc formate, zinc chromate, zinc phenol sulfonate, zinc dithionate, zinc sulfate, zinc nitrate, zinc salicylate, zinc glyceride phosphate, copper nitrate, chlorophyll, copper chlorophyll, chlorophyllin, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, chlorine dioxide, beta cyclo dextrin, zeolite, silica-based material, carbon-based material, enzymes such as laccase, or a mixture comprising at least one of previous ones. Breath fresheners can include essential oils as well as various aldehydes and alcohols. Essential oils used as breath fresheners may include peppermint oils, common mint, pearl, sassafras, chlorophyll, citral, gerraniol, cardamom, cloves, sage, carvacrol, eucalyptus, magnolia bark extract, marjoram, cinnamon, lemon , lime, grapefruit, orange, or a combination thereof. Aldehydes such as cinnamic aldehyde and salicylaldehyde can be used. In addition, chemical compounds such as menthol, carvone, iso-garrigolo, and anethole can work as breath fresheners. Exemplary mouthwashes include saliva stimulators such as acids and salts including acetic acid, adipic acid, ascorbic acid, butyric acid, citric acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, glyconic acid, acid
28/45 lactic, phosphoric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, and tartaric acid. Mouthwashes can include hydrocolloid materials that moisturize and can adhere to the oral surface to provide a feeling of mouthwash. Hydrocolloidal materials can include naturally occurring materials such as plant exudates, seed gums, and seaweed extracts or can be chemically modified materials such as cellulose, starch, or natural gum derivatives. In addition, hydrocolloidal materials may include pectin, gum arabic, acacia gum, alginates, agar, carrageenans, guar gum, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, gelatin, gellan gum, galactomannans, tragacanth gum, carayacurdlan gum, konjac, chitosan, xyloglycan, beta glycan, furcellaran, ghatti gum, tamarine, and bacterial gums. Mouthwashes can include modified natural gums such as propylene glycol alginate, carboxymethyl locust bean gum, low methoxy pectin, or a combination thereof. Modified celluloses can be included, such as microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), or a combination thereof.
[0067] Similarly, humectants, which can provide a perception of oral hydration, can be included. Such humectants can include glycerol, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol, erythritol, xylitol, or a combination thereof. In addition, in some modalities, fats can provide a perception of oral moistening. Some fats may include medium chain triglycerides, vegetable oils, fish oils, mineral oils, or a combination thereof.
[0068] Exemplary buffering agents include sodium bicarbonate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium stannate, triethanol amine, citric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium citrate, or a combination thereof.
The relative amounts of each of the components of the chewing gum composition will depend on the identity of the component, as well as the desired aroma, and are easily determined by those skilled in the art.
[0070] In some modalities, a tingling sensation can be provided. Tingling agents include jambu, and alkyl amides extracted from materials such as jambu or sanshool.
[0071] Additionally, a sensation can be created due to effervescence. Such effervescence is created by combining a basic material with an acidic material. In some embodiments, the basic material may include alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal bicarbonates, alkaline earth carbonates, alkaline earth metal bicarbonates, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the acidic material may include acetic acid, adipic acid, ascorbic acid, butyric acid, citric acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, glyconic acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid , and their combinations.
[0072] Suitable oral care agents include breath fresheners, teeth whiteners, antimicrobial agents, tooth mineralizers, tooth decay inhibitors, topical anesthetics, mucosal protectors, stain removers, oral cleaning agents, bleaching agents, agents desensitization agents, dental remineralization agents, antibacterial agents, anti-caries agents, plaque acid buffering agents, surfactants and anticalculus agents, and combinations thereof. Examples of such ingredients include hydrolytic agents including proteolytic enzymes, abrasives such as hydrated silica, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and alumina, other active stain-removing components such as surfactants, including anionic surfactants such as
30/45 as sodium stearate, sodium palmitate, sulfated butyl oleate, sodium oleate, fumaric acid salts, glycerol, hydroxylated lecithin, sodium lauryl sulfate and chelators as polyphosphates, which are widely used as tartar control ingredients . Oral care ingredients may also include sodium tetra pyrophosphate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium tripoly phosphate, xylitol, sodium hexa metaphosphate, and mixtures thereof.
[0073] In addition, appropriate oral care agents include peroxides such as carbamide peroxide, calcium peroxide, magnesium peroxide, sodium peroxide, hydrogen peroxide and peroxyphosphate. In some embodiments, potassium nitrate and potassium citrate are included. Other examples may include casein glycomacropeptide, calcium casein peptone - calcium phosphate, casein phosphopetides, casein phosphopetide - amorphous calcium phosphate (CPPACP), and amorphous calcium phosphate. Still other examples may include papain, killase, pepsin, trypsin, lysozyme, dextranase, mutanase, glycoamylase, amylase, glucose oxidase, and combinations thereof.
[0074] Appropriate oral care agents include surfactants that obtain increased prophylactic action and make oral care ingredients more cosmetically acceptable. Surfactants used as oral care agents include detersive materials that provide the composition with detersive and foaming properties. Suitable surfactants include sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate, sodium lauryl sulfate, water-soluble salts of higher fatty acid mono glycerides, such as the sodium salt of hydrogenated coconut oil mono sulfated monoglyceride, sulfates higher alkyl compounds such as lauryl sulfate, alkyl aryl sulfonates such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, higher alkyl sulfo acetates, sodium lauryl sulfo acetate, 1,2-dihydroxypropane sulfonate higher fatty acid esters, and acyls
31/45 upper aliphatic amides substantially saturated with lower aliphatic amino carboxylic acid compounds, such as those having 12 to 16 carbons in the fatty acid, alkyl or acyl radicals, and the like. Examples of the amides mentioned last are N-lauroyl sarcosine, and the sodium, potassium, and ethanol ammonium salts of N-lauroyl sarcosine, N-myristoyl sarcosine, or N-palmitoyl sarcosine.
[0075] In addition to surfactants, oral care ingredients may include antibacterial agents such as triclosan, chlorheidine, zinc citrate, silver nitrate, copper, limonene, cetyl pyridinium chloride, and combinations thereof.
[0076] Anti-caries agents include sources of fluoride ions, such as sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride silicate, ammonium fluoride silicate, potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride mono fluoride, stannous fluoride, stannous potassium fluoride, hexane fluoride sodium stannate, chlorine stannous fluoride, and combinations thereof.
[0077] Still examples are included in U.S. patents 5,227,154 to Reynolds, 5,378,131 to Greenberg, and 6,685,916 to Holme et al.
[0078] Throat care ingredients or throat tranquilizers include pain relievers, antihistamines, anesthetics, demulcents, mucolytics, expectorants, antiseptics, antiseptics, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, a throat soothing agent such as honey, propolis, aloe vera, glycerin, menthol, or a combination thereof can be used.
[0079] Additional bulking agents (carriers, extenders) suitable for use include sweetening agents such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, sugar alcohols, polydextrose, maltodextrins, and combinations thereof; and minerals, such as calcium carbonate, talc, titanium dioxide, di-calcium phosphate, and combinations thereof. Volume forming agents can be used in quanti
32/45 up to about 90 weight percent of the chewing gum composition, specifically about 40 to about 70 weight percent of the chewing gum composition, more specifically about 50 to about 65 weight percent of the chewing gum. chewing gum composition.
[0080] Suitable emulsifiers include distilled monoglycerides, esters of mono and diglycerides acetic acid, esters of mono and diglycerides citric acid, esters of mono and diglycerides, mono and diglycerides, polyglycerol esters of fatty acids, cetetheth 20, ceareth polyglycerol poly ricinoleate, propylene glycol fatty acid esters, polyglyceryl laurate, glyceryl cocoate, arabic gum, acacia gum, sorbitan monostearates, sorbitan triestearates, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan stearylate, lactate stylate calcium, diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides, glyceryl tricaprilat / medium chain triglycerides, glyceryl dioleate, glyceryl oleate, lacto fatty acid glyceryl esters, glyceryl palmitate, glyceryl stearate, la glyceryl, glyceryl dilaurate, glyceryl mono ricinoleate, mon glyceryl stearate, hexa glyceryl distearate, deca glyceryl mono stearate, deca glyceryl dipalmitate, deca glyceryl mono oleate, 10 polyglyceryl hexea oleate, medium chain triglycerides, caprylic / capric triglyceride, polypropylene glycol stearate, polypropylene glycol stearate 20, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 80, polysorbate 65, hexyl glyceryl distearate, triglyceride monostearate, poly (oxyethylene) sorbitan fatty acid esters sold under the trademark TWEEN, sorbitan fatty acid esters sold under the trade name the SPAN trademark, stearoyl lactylates, calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate, sodium stearoyl2-lactylate, ammonium phosphatide, fatty acid sucrose esters, glyceride suction, propane-1,2-diol acid esters
33/45 fatty, and combinations comprising at least one of the above.
[0081] Suitable thickening agents include cellulose ethers (for example, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, or hydroxypropyl cellulose), methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and combinations thereof. Additional polymers useful as thickeners include the polymers and copolymer of acrylic acid sold under the trademark CARBOMER; poly (vinyl pyrrolidone); poly (vinyl alcohol); sodium alginate; polyethylene glycol; natural gums such as xanthan gum, tragacanth, guar gum, acacia gum, arabic gum; water-dispersible polyacrylates such as polyacrylic acid; methyl methacrylate copolymers; carboxyvinyl copolymers; and their combinations.
[0082] In some embodiments, chewing gum can also release multiple, distinctive aromas to the consumer resulting in an aroma-changing gum composition. In one embodiment, the chewing gum composition contains a poly (vinyl acetate) and food grade acid encapsulated in a fatty acid salt, as described herein, and still contains at least a first flavor composition and a second flavor composition , where the first flavor composition begins to be released from the chewing gum when the chewing gum composition is chewed, and the second flavor composition comprising the encapsulated food-grade acid starting to be released after the first flavor composition has started to release. In another embodiment, the chewing gum includes a third flavor composition that begins to release after the second flavor composition.
[0083] In other embodiments, the chewing gum composition releases multiple distinct flavors such as, for example, sweet flavors, acid flavors, fruit flavors, mint flavors and the like, including any of the flavors and / or sensations shown here .
34/45
Sweet and acidic aromas can be released in any order or sequential combination. For example, in one embodiment of the gum composition the first flavor composition is a sweet flavor and the second flavor composition is an acid flavor. In another embodiment, the first aroma composition is a sweet aroma, the second aroma composition is an acid aroma, and the third aroma composition is a sweet aroma.
[0084] In some embodiments, the first aroma composition releases for about 5 minutes to about 7 minutes after starting chewing and the second aroma composition releases for about 8 minutes to about 10 minutes after starting chewing. In other embodiments, the first flavor composition releases for about 5 minutes to about 7 minutes after starting chewing, and the second flavor composition releases for about 8 minutes to about 10 minutes after starting chewing, and the third aroma composition releases for about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes after starting chewing. In additional embodiments, the first flavor composition releases for about 6 minutes to about 7 minutes after starting chewing, the second flavor composition releases for about 7 minutes to about 12 minutes after starting chewing, and the third composition of aroma releases for about 12 minutes to about 30 minutes after starting chewing.
[0085] This exhibition also comprises processes for the preparation of an encapsulated food-grade acid and a chewing gum containing the same. Some embodiments include a process for preparing gum compositions, including both bubble gum and chewing gum compositions. These chewing gum compositions can be prepared using any standard techniques and equipment known to those skilled in the art. Useful equipment according to some specific modalities
35/45 include mixing and heating equipment which is well known in the techniques of manufacturing chewing gum, and therefore the selection of the specific equipment will be apparent to the technician.
[0086] In one embodiment, a process for preparing an encapsulated food-grade acid comprises combining the melting of a poly (vinyl acetate), a fatty acid salt and a food-grade acid to form encapsulated food-grade acid . In some embodiments, the food grade acid used to form the encapsulated food grade acid is a solid at 25 ° C and an atmosphere and has a particle size as previously described. In some embodiments, a combination of melting poly (vinyl acetate), the fatty acid salt, and the food-grade acid is conducted at a temperature of about 80 to about 120 ° C, more specifically at a temperature of about from 90 to about 110 ° C. In a preferred embodiment, combining the melting of poly (vinyl acetate), the fatty acid salt, and the food-grade acid includes the steps of combining melting the fatty acid salt with the molten poly (vinyl acetate), and then melting combination of food grade acid with the combined melted poly (vinyl acetate) and fatty acid salt to form the encapsulated food grade acid.
[0087] Once encapsulated food-grade acid is formed it can be cooled and ground to form particles having an average numerical particle size of less than or equal to 800 microns, specifically less than or equal to about 600 microns, more specifically less than or equal to about 420 micrometers. In other embodiments, the encapsulated food-grade acid can be processed into particles by crushing, screening, separating, cutting, crushing, compressing, grinding, or the like. Once the encapsulated food-grade acid is
36/45 processed to the desired particle size, it can be stored in a cool dry place, such as an air-tight container in low humidity and a temperature of less than about 35 ° C.
[0088] The encapsulated food-grade acid can still be incorporated into a chewing gum composition by combining the melting of a gum base, a sweetener, and the encapsulated food-grade acid to form the chewing gum composition. A preferred embodiment includes melting combination of a gum base, a sweetener, and encapsulated food-grade acid includes combining steps of melting sweetener and encapsulated food-grade acid with melted gum base to form the composition of bubble gum. In another preferred embodiment, the gum-based fusion combination, the sweetener, and the encapsulated food-grade acid further includes the gum-based fusion combination, the sweetener, and the encapsulated food-grade acid with a non-food-grade acid. encapsulated.
[0089] In addition, fusion combination of poly (vinyl acetate), fatty acid salt, and food grade acid includes fusion combination with a mixing energy of about 70 to about 350 kilojoules per kilogram of encapsulated food-grade acid. In some embodiments, the mixing energy is about 100 to about 300 kilojoules per kilogram, specifically about 150 to about 250 kilojoules per kilogram. Mixing energy for melting combination is calculated by dividing the energy consumed to drive the melting mixing elements (for example, the screws of a twin screw extruder) by the processed melting mass. For example, if 100 kilojoules of energy are required to drive the screws of a twin screw extruder during the melting combination of 1 kilogram of encapsulated food-grade acid, then the mixing energy is 100 kilojou37 / 45 les / 1 kilogram = 100 kilojoules / kilogram.
[0090] In an exemplary process, a gum base is heated to a temperature high enough to soften the base without adversely affecting the physical and chemical makeup of the base, which will vary depending on the composition of the gum base used, and is easily determined by those versed in the technique without undue experimentation. For example, the gum base can be melted to about 60 ° C to about 160 ° C, or melted to about 150 ° C to about 175 ° C, for a period of time sufficient to melt the base, for example, about thirty minutes, just before being incrementally mixed with the remaining ingredients of the base such as the plasticizer, fillers, bulking agent or sweeteners, the softening and coloring agents to plasticize the combination as well as modulate the hardness , viscoelasticity and base-forming ability, and the aroma enhancing composition (as a concentrate with other additives or separately). Mixing is continued until uniform mixing of the gum composition is obtained. The resulting chewing gum composition is allowed to cool. Then the gum composition mixture can be sized and formed into desirable gum shapes, i.e., stick, plate, pellet, ball, or the like. The sized chewing gum can be conditioned for about a day to about a week before packaging for chewing gum.
[0091] In a preferred embodiment, the process for preparing a chewing gum composition includes a melt combination of a poly (vinyl acetate), a fatty acid salt and a food-grade acid to form an acid-grade acid encapsulated food. Then fusing a gum base, a sweetener, and the encapsulated food-grade acid to form a chewing gum composition, where the encapsulated food-grade fatty acid
38/45 comprises the fatty acid salt in an amount of about 5 to about 20 weight percent, food grade acid in an amount of about 5 to about 50 weight percent, and the poly (acetate) vinyl) in an amount of about 30 to about 90 weight percent, based on the total weight of the encapsulated food grade acid composition. In some embodiments, the fatty acid salt comprises sodium stearate; food-grade acid comprises citric acid, malic acid, or a combination thereof; and the food grade acid has an average numerical particle size of about 50 to about 100 micrometers before said combination of poly (vinyl acetate) fusion, the fatty acid salt, and the food grade acid; the encapsulated food grade acid comprises the fatty acid salt and the food grade acid in a weight ratio of about 1: 2 to about 1: 8; the encapsulated food-grade acid comprises the fatty acid salt and the poly (vinyl acetate) in a weight ratio of about 1: 2.5 to about 1:15; the encapsulated food grade acid comprises the food grade acid and the poly (vinyl acetate) in a weight ratio of about 1: 1.2 to about 1: 3, and the total chewing gum composition comprises the encapsulated food-grade acid and gum base in a weight ratio of about 1:12 to about 1: 3. In some embodiments, the process even includes a combination of melting poly (vinyl acetate), the fatty acid salt, and the food-grade acid at a temperature of about 90 to about 120 ° C, grinding of acid-grade encapsulated foodstuff to form particles having an average numerical particle size of less than or equal to 420 micrometers, and combination of gum base melting, the sweetener, and the encapsulated food grade acid with an unencapsulated food grade acid.
[0092] In some modalities, pieces of gum can be re
39/45 dressed in an aqueous coating composition, which can be applied by any process known in the art. The coating composition can be present in an amount of about 25 to about 35 weight percent of the total gum piece.
[0093] The outer covering can be hard or brittle. In some embodiments, the outer coating includes sorbitol, maltitol, xylitol, isomalt, or another crystallizable polyol; sucrose can also be used. Flavorings can also be added to yield unique characteristics to the product.
[0094] The coating, if present, can include several opaque layers, so that the chewing gum composition is not visible through the coating itself, which optionally can still be covered with one or more transparent layers for aesthetic, texture purposes and protectors. The outer coating can also contain small amounts of water and gum arabic. The coating can still be coated with wax. The coating can be applied in a conventional manner through successive applications of a coating solution, with drying between each coating. When the coating dries, it usually becomes opaque and is usually white, although other colors can be added. A polyol coating can still be coated with wax. The coating may also include flakes or dots.
[0095] If the composition comprises a coating, it is possible that one or more of the active ingredients mentioned above could be dispersed throughout the coating. This can be preferred if one or more of the active ingredients is incompatible in a single phase composition with others of the active compounds.
[0096] The coating can be formulated to assist in increasing the thermal stability of the gum piece and preventing leakage of a liquid filling if the gum product is a gum of
40/45 center filled. In some embodiments, the coating may include a gelatin composition. The gelatin composition can be added as a 40 weight percent solution and can be present in the coating composition in about 5 to about 10 weight percent of the coating composition, and more specifically about 7 to about 8 percent weight in weight of the coating solution. The gel resistance of gelatin can be from about 130 bloom to about 250 bloom.
[0097] Additives, such as physiological soft drinks, throat soothing agents, spices, heating agents, oral care agents, medications, vitamins, caffeine, and conventional additives can be included in any and all portions of the chewing gum composition. Such components can be used in sufficient quantities to obtain their intended effects.
[0098] The foregoing and other modalities are further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the effective scope of the claims. All parts and percentages in the examples and throughout the specification and claims are by weight of the final composition unless otherwise specified.
[0099] EXAMPLES 1-6 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1-6 [00100] These examples illustrate the preparation of encapsulated acidic compositions comprising sodium stearate and other texture modifiers. Compositions are summarized in Table 1, where amounts of components are expressed as weight percent based on the total weight of the encapsulated acid composition. The poly (vinyl acetate) had an average molecular weight of about 80,000 - 100,000 and was obtained as VINNAPAS B 100 SP from Wacker Biosolutions. In Table 1, glycerol monostearate was obtained as Aldol MS2 from Lonza Group Ltd. Hydrogenated oil was a combination
41/45 of hydrogenated cottonseed oil and hydrogenated palm oil, the combination having a melting point of about 71 ° C, obtained as hydrogenated vegetable oil from Stratas Foods. Citric acid and malic acid were obtained in powder form having an average numerical particle size of about 75 micrometers. Calcium stearate was obtained from Covidien-Mallinckrodt (Saint Louis, USA). The calcium stearate used in example 4 contained about 0-10% free fatty acids and about 0-15% free calcium oxide. The extruder was a Brabender tapered twin screw extruder having an internal diameter of 43.2 mm (feed end) to 29 mm (discharge end) and a cylinder length of 36 centimeters, operated at a cylinder temperature of 110 ° Ç. To prepare the encapsulated acids, the poly (vinyl acetate) was combined by melting with any texture modifier, then the acid was added. The extrudate was cooled, then crushed and sieved to an average numerical particle size of less than 420 micrometers. The powdered encapsulated acid was stored in an air-tight container at low humidity and a temperature of less than 35 ° C prior to use for forming gum compositions.
[00101] Release of citric acid from the compositions of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was determined using a dissolution system based on a multichannel optical fiber UV spectrophotometer, Distek OPT-DISS. The release of acid from the encapsulation was measured in a 40-minute dissolution study at an analytical wavelength of 210 nanometers. The results, shown in Figure 1, show that the co-encapsulation of Example 1 of citric acid and sodium stearate yielded a slower release of citric acid than Comparative Example 1 of co-encapsulation of citric acid and plasticizers.
42/45
Table 1
Ex. 1 C. Ex. 1 Ex. 2 C. Ex. 2 Compositions Poly (vinyl acetate) 65.00 65.00 45.00 55.00 Citric acid 30.00 30.00 40.00 40.00 Malic acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tartaric acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Fumaric acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sodium stearate 5.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 Calico stearate 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hydrogenated oil 0.00 3.75 0.00 3.75 Glycerol monostearate 0.00 1.25 0.00 1.25Ex. 3 C. Ex. 3 Ex. 4 C. Ex. 4 Compositions Poly (vinyl acetate) 45.00 55.00 50.00 55.00 Citric acid 0.00 0.00 40.00 40.00 Malic acid 40.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 Tartaric acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Fumaric acid 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sodium stearate 15.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Calcium stearate 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 Hydrogenated oil 0.00 3.75 0.00 0.00 Glycerol monostearate 0.00 1.25 0.00 5.00Ex. 5 C. Ex. 5 Ex. 6 C. Ex. 6 Compositions Poly (vinyl acetate) 45.00 55.00 50.00 50.00 Citric acid 0.00 0.00 38.00 38.00 Malic acid 20.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 Tartaric acid 2.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 Fumaric acid 18.00 18.00 0.00 0.00 Sodium stearate 15.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Calico stearate 0.00 0.00 12.00 7.00 Hydrogenated oil 0.00 3.75 0.00 3.25 Glycerol monostearate 0.00 1.25 0.00 1.25
Example 7 and Comparative Example 7 [00102] These examples illustrate the preparation of chewing gums using encapsulated acids. The chewing gum composition of Example 7 incorporates the inventive encapsulated acids of Examples
43/45 and 3. The chewing gum composition of Comparative Example 7 incorporates the comparative encapsulated acids of Comparative Examples 2 and 3. The chewing gum compositions are summarized in Table 2, where quantities of components are expressed as a percentage by weight based on the total weight of the chewing gum composition.
[00103] To prepare the compositions, the gum base is melted in a mixer at 90 ° C. Encapsulated acids, free acids (not encapsulated), acesulfame potassium salt, aspartame, lecithin, glycerin, flavor, mannitol, and sorbitol are then added to the mixer containing the molten gum base and combined to disperse the ingredients. The resulting chewing gum mixture is cooled and then processed into the desired chewing gum form. The chewing gum is conditioned at 14 ° C and 25 percent relative humidity for about a week before packing the chewing gum.
[00104] A sensory evaluation test panel evaluated the chewing gums of Example 7 and Comparative Example 7 for hardness and acidity as a function of chewing time. Figure 2 is a bar graph of gum hardness as a function of chewing time for chewing gums containing (A) food grade acid encapsulated with poly (vinyl acetate) alone, and (b) encapsulated food grade acid with poly (vinyl acetate) and fatty acid salt. Figure 2 shows that gum hardness increased substantially with chewing time for chewing gum in which food grade acid was encapsulated with poly (vinyl acetate) alone. In contrast, gum hardness was relatively constant and increased only modestly over a long chewing time for chewing gum in which food grade acid was encapsulated with poly (vinyl acetate) and a fatty acid salt. Figure 3 is a bar graph of acidity perceived as a function of chewing time
44/45 for chewing gums containing (A) food grade acid encapsulated with poly (vinyl acetate) alone, and (b) food grade acid encapsulated with poly (vinyl acetate) and fatty acid salt. Figure 3 shows, surprisingly, that encapsulation of food-grade acid with poly (vinyl acetate) and fatty acid salt yielded a perception of acidity taking longer and perceived more constant than encapsulation of food-grade acid with poly (acetate). vinyl) alone.
Table 2
Ex. 7 C. Ex. 7 Compositions Gum base 39.00 39.00 Sorbitol 38.58 38.58 Mannitol 9.00 9.00 Aroma 3.67 3.67 Glycerin 1.50 1.50 Lecithin 0.20 0.20 Aspartame 0.70 0.70 Acesulfame potassium salt 0.35 0.35 Citric acid 0.50 0.50 Ex. 2 encapsulated citric acid 3.00 0.00 Ex. C 2 encapsulated citric acid 0.00 3.00 Malic acid 0.50 0.50 Ex. 3 encapsulated malic acid 3.00 0.00 Ex. C. 3 encapsulated malic acid 0.00 3.00
[00105] This written description uses examples to show the invention, including the best mode, and also to allow anyone skilled in the art to obtain and use the invention. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such others
45/45 examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with non-substantial differences from the literal language of the claims.
[00106] All cited patents, patent applications, and other references are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. However, if a term in the present patent application contradicts or conflicts with a term in the incorporated reference, the term of the present patent application takes precedence over the conflicting term of the incorporated reference.
[00107] All ranges shown here are inclusive of end points, and end points are independently combinable with each other.
[00108] As used here the transition term comprising (also comprises, etc.) which is synonymous with including, containing, or characterized by, is inclusive or open-ended and does not include additional elements, not recited or process steps, regardless of its use in the preamble or the body of a claim.
[00109] The use of the terms one and one and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the claims that follow) is to be constructed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise stated here indicated or clearly contradicted by the context. Also, it should be noted that the terms first, second, and the like do not represent any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from the other. The modifier used in connection with a quantity is even of the established value and has the meaning dictated by the context (for example, it includes the degree of error associated with measuring the particular quantity).

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[1]
1. Process for preparing a chewing gum composition, characterized by the fact that it comprises:
fusion combination of
30 to 90 weight percent of a poly (vinyl acetate),
5 to 20 weight percent of a fatty acid salt, and
5 to 50 weight percent food grade acid to form an encapsulated food grade acid; wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the encapsulated food-grade acid; and melting combination of a gum base, a sweetener, and the encapsulated food-grade acid to form a chewing gum composition; wherein the poly (vinyl acetate) has an average molecular weight of at least 30,000 atomic weight units; wherein the fatty acid salt is selected from the group consisting of a sodium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, a potassium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, a calcium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic acid carboxylic acid, a zinc salt of a C12-136 aliphatic carboxylic acid, a magnesium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, an aluminum salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, and combinations thereof; and wherein the food grade acid is selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, ascorbic acid, aspartic acid, benzoic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, sorbic acid, succinic, tartaric acid, and mixtures thereof.
[2]
Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the fatty acid salt comprises sodium stearate.
[3]
Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the food-grade acid has an average numerical particle size of 25 to 600 micrometers before said with
Petition 870190081292, of 21/08/2019, p. 7/15
2/6 fusion combination of poly (vinyl acetate), fatty acid salt, and food grade acid.
[4]
Process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said combination of poly (vinyl acetate) fusion, the fatty acid salt, and the food grade acid comprises fusion of poly (acetate) (vinyl), fused combination of fatty acid salt with molten poly (vinyl acetate), and fused combination of food grade acid with poly (vinyl acetate) and fatty acid salt combined in fusion.
[5]
Process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the said melting combination of poly (vinyl acetate), the fatty acid salt, and the food grade acid comprises melting combination with a mixing energy of 70 to 350 kilojoules per kilogram of encapsulated food-grade acid.
[6]
6. Process according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that:
the fatty acid salt comprises sodium stearate, the food grade acid comprises citric acid, malic acid, or a combination thereof;
the food-grade acid has an average numerical particle size of 50 to 100 micrometers before said fusion combination of poly (vinyl acetate), the fatty acid salt, and the food-grade acid;
the encapsulated food-grade acid comprises the fatty acid salt and the food-grade acid in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 1: 8;
the encapsulated food-grade acid comprises the fatty acid salt and the poly (vinyl acetate) in a weight ratio of 1: 2.5 to 1:15;
Petition 870190081292, of 21/08/2019, p. 8/15
3/6 encapsulated food grade acid comprises food grade acid and poly (vinyl acetate) in a weight ratio of 1: 1.2 to 1: 3;
said fusion combination of poly (vinyl acetate), the fatty acid salt, and the food-grade acid is conducted at a temperature of 90 to 120 ° C;
the process further comprises grinding encapsulated food-grade acid to form particles having an average numerical particle size of less than or equal to 420 microns;
the chewing gum composition comprises the encapsulated food grade acid and the gum base in a weight ratio of 1:12 to 1: 3; and said gum-based fusion combination, the sweetener, and the encapsulated food-grade acid further comprises gum-based fusion combination, the sweetener, the encapsulated food-grade acid with a non-encapsulated food-grade acid.
[7]
7. Process according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that:
poly (vinyl acetate) is present in an amount of 50 percent by weight, the fatty acid salt is present in an amount of 10 percent by weight, and food grade acid is present in an amount of 40 percent by weight .
[8]
8. Chewing gum composition, characterized by the fact that it is manufactured through the process, as defined in any of claims 1 to 7.
[9]
9. Chewing gum composition, characterized by the fact that it comprises:
a gum base,
Petition 870190081292, of 21/08/2019, p. 9/15
4/6 a sweetener, and an encapsulated food-grade acid comprising, based on the weight of the encapsulated food-grade acid,
30 to 90 weight percent of a poly (vinyl acetate),
5 to 20 weight percent of a fatty acid salt, and
5 to 50 weight percent food grade acid; and wherein the poly (vinyl acetate) has an average molecular weight of at least 30,000 atomic mass units; wherein the fatty acid salt is selected from the group consisting of a sodium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, a potassium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, a calcium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic acid carboxylic acid, a zinc salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, a magnesium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, an aluminum salt of C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, and combinations thereof; and where food-grade acid is selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, ascorbic acid, aspartic acid, benzoic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, sorbic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, and mixtures thereof.
[10]
Chewing gum composition according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises a non-encapsulated food-grade acid.
[11]
11. Chewing gum composition according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that:
the fatty acid salt comprises sodium stearate;
food-grade acid comprises citric acid, malic acid, or a combination thereof;
the encapsulated food-grade acid comprises the fatty acid salt and the food-grade acid in a weight ratio of 1: 2 to 1: 8;
Petition 870190081292, of 21/08/2019, p. 10/15
5/6 the encapsulated food-grade acid comprises the fatty acid salt and the poly (vinyl acetate) in a weight ratio of
1: 2.5 to 1:15;
the encapsulated food-grade acid comprises food-grade acid and poly (vinyl acetate) in a weight ratio of 1: 1.2 to 1: 3;
the encapsulated food-grade acid has an average numerical particle size of less than or equal to 420 micrometers;
the chewing gum composition comprises the encapsulated food grade acid and the gum base in a weight ratio of 1:12 to 1: 3; and the chewing gum composition further comprises a non-encapsulated food grade acid.
[12]
12. Chewing gum composition according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that:
poly (vinyl acetate) is present in an amount of 50 percent by weight, the fatty acid salt is present in an amount of 10 percent by weight, and food grade acid is present in an amount of 40 percent by weight .
[13]
13. Chewing gum composition according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that a bolus produced by chewing gum composition for 10 minutes is not harder than a corresponding bolus produced after 10 minutes of chewing gum. chewing of the corresponding chewing gum composition lacking encapsulated food-grade acid.
[14]
14. Process for preparing food-grade acid
Petition 870190081292, of 21/08/2019, p. 11/15
6/6 encapsulated heat, characterized by the fact that it comprises:
fusion combination of
30 to 90 weight percent of a poly (vinyl acetate) having an average molecular weight of at least 30 000 atomic weight units,
5 to 20 weight percent of a fatty acid salt, and
5 to 50 weight percent food grade acid to form an encapsulated food grade acid;
wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the encapsulated food-grade acid composition; wherein the poly (vinyl acetate) has an average molecular weight of at least 30,000 atomic weight units; wherein the fatty acid salt is selected from the group consisting of a sodium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, a potassium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, a calcium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic acid carboxylic acid, a zinc salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, a magnesium salt of a C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, an aluminum salt of C12-36 aliphatic carboxylic acid, and combinations thereof; and where food-grade acid is selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, ascorbic acid, aspartic acid, benzoic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, sorbic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, and mixtures thereof.
[15]
Process according to claim 14, characterized in that said combination of melting of poly (vinyl acetate), the fatty acid salt, and food-grade acid comprises melting of poly (vinyl acetate), melting combination of fatty acid salt with molten poly (vinyl acetate), and melting combination of food grade acid with melted combined poly (vinyl acetate) and fatty acid salt.

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法律状态:
2018-04-03| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|

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2019-01-29| B07A| Technical examination (opinion): publication of technical examination (opinion)|

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2019-11-26| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 10/05/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. (CO) 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 10/05/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US201161489493P| true| 2011-05-24|2011-05-24|

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US13/228,803|US8791277B2|2011-05-24|2011-09-09|Oxidation process to produce a crude and/or purified carboxylic acid product|

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PCT/US2012/037218|WO2012161971A2|2011-05-24|2012-05-10|An oxidation process to produce a crude and/or purified carboxylic acid product|

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