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    • 专利摘要:
    APPARATUS AND METHOD TO AUTONOMATICALLY CONTROL FLUID FLOW IN AN UNDERGROUND WELL An apparatus is presented to autonomously control fluid flow in an underground well, the fluid having a density that varies over time. One embodiment of the apparatus has a vortex chamber, a vortex outlet, and a first and second flow inlet to the vortex chamber. Flow to the inlets is driven by a fluid control system that has a control passage to direct fluid flow when it exits a primary passage. A mobile fluid diverter, positioned in the control passage, moves in response to the change in fluid density to restrict fluid flow through the control passage. When fluid flow through the control passage is unrestricted, fluid from the control passage directs fluid that leaves the primary passage in the direction to a selected vortex inlet. When flow through the control passage is unrestricted, flow from the primary passage is directed into the other vortex entry.
    公开号:BR112013025789B1
    申请号:R112013025789-0
    申请日:2011-11-11
    公开日:2020-11-03
    发明作者:Michael L. Fripp；Jason D. Dykstra；Orlando DeJesus
    申请人:Halliburton Energy Services, Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] The invention relates to apparatus and methods for autonomously controlling fluid flow through a system using a density driven diverter, which moves in response to a change in fluid density, to restrict flow through a flow control passage. fluid in a flow control assembly. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] During the completion of a well that crosses an underground formation containing hydrocarbon, production piping and various equipment are installed in the well to allow the safe and efficient production of fluids. For example, to prevent the production of particulate material from an unconsolidated or loosely consolidated underground formation, certain completions include one or more sand control sieves positioned close to the desired production intervals. In other completions, to control the flow of production fluids into the production pipeline, it is common practice to install one or more inflow control devices with the completion column.
    [003] Production from any given section of production piping can often have multiple fluid components, such as natural gas, oil and water, with the production fluid changing in composition in proportion over time. Thus, when the proportion of fluid components changes, the fluid flow characteristics will also change. For example, when the production fluid has a proportionally higher amount of natural gas, the viscosity of the fluid will be lower and the density of the fluid will be lower than when the fluid has a proportionally higher amount of oil. It is often desirable to reduce or prevent the production of one constituent in favor of another. For example, in an oil production well, it may be desired to reduce or eliminate the production of natural gas and to maximize oil production. Although several downhole tools have been used to control fluid flows based on their desirability, a need has arisen for a flow control system to control fluid inflows, which is reliable in a variety of flow conditions. Still, a need arose for a flow control system that would operate autonomously, that is, in response to the changing conditions in the downhole and without requiring signals from the surface by the operator. Still, a need arose for a flow control system without the movement of mechanical parts that are subject to inrush in adverse conditions in the well, including from erosive effects or from sand clogging in the fluid. Similar problems arise with regard to injection situations, with the flow of fluids that go into, rather than out of, the formation. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [004] The invention relates to devices and methods for autonomously controlling fluid flow by using a mobile diverter, driven by density, in one or more fluid control passages in a fluid control set. An apparatus is presented to autonomously control fluid flow in an underground well, the flow having a density that varies over time. One embodiment of the apparatus has a vortex chamber, a vortex outlet, and a first flow inlet and a second flow inlet to the vortex chamber. Flow to the inlets is driven by a fluid control system that has a first and a second fluid pass, the second pass is to control the fluid flow when it leaves the first pass. A mobile fluid diverter, positioned in the second pass, moves in response to the change in fluid density to restrict fluid flow through the second pass. When the flow of fluid through the second passage is not restricted, the fluid focuses on or directs flow of fluid from the first passage to a selected inlet of the vortex chamber. When flow is restricted in the second pass, the flow from the first pass is directed to an alternate inlet in the vortex set.
    [005] Thus, variations in fluid density operate autonomously the diverter driven by density, which alternately restricts and allows flow through the second passage. In turn, fluid flow from the second passage directs the flow from the first passage to the vortex to create substantially centrifugal flow, in which the flow through the vortex assembly is restricted, or substantially radial flow, in which the flow through of the vortex set is relatively unrestricted. Consequently, a desired fluid, such as oil, can be selected for relatively free flow through the apparatus, while an unwanted fluid of a different density, such as water, can be relatively restricted.
    [006] Several modalities of a fluid diverter are presented. The movable fluid diverter can rotate around its longitudinal axis, radial axis, float and immerse in a chamber positioned inside or along the passage, etc. The movable diverter is of a preselected effective density and is floating in a fluid of a preselected density. The fluid diverter can be ordered in the direction to a position by a request element to obtain a desired effective density. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [007] For a more complete understanding of the characteristics and advantages of the present invention, reference is now made to the detailed description of the invention together with the attached Figures, in which corresponding numbers in the different Figures refer to the corresponding parts, and in which: the Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a well system including a plurality of autonomous fluid flow control systems, according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side view of a sieve system and an embodiment of an autonomous fluid control system of the invention; Figure 3 is a plan view of an autonomous fluid control system having a flow control and vortex assembly according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 is a plan view of an autonomous fluid control system having a flow control and vortex assembly according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 5 is an elevation view of an example fluid diverter assembly in an open position, in partial cross section, according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 6 is an elevation view of an example fluid diverter assembly as in Figure 5, but in a closed position, and in partial cross section; Figure 7 is an elevation view of another embodiment of a fluid diverter assembly having a rotary diverter; Figure 8 is an exploded view in detail of one end of the fluid diverter assembly of Figure 7; Figure 9 is an elevation view of the modality seen in Figure 7, positioned in a passage and in a closed position; Figure 10 is an elevation view of the modality seen in Figure 9, positioned in a passage and in an open position; Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view in detail of a gravity selector in Figure 7; Figure 12 is an orthogonal view of an embodiment of an autonomous fluid diverter assembly having a pivoting diverter arm; Figure 13 is a plan view of a fluid control assembly according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 14 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention having a diverter element and a gravity selector for a control passage plate; and Figure 15 is an orthogonal view of an autonomous valve assembly or an autonomous fluid control assembly according to another aspect of the invention.
    [008] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the use of directional terms such as above, below, top, bottom, up, down and the like are used in relation to illustrative modalities when they are represented in the Figures, a upward direction being towards the top of the corresponding figure and the downward direction being towards the base of the corresponding figure. Where this is not the case, and a term is being used to indicate a required guidance, the Description will mention or make this clear. Upstream and downstream are used to indicate location or direction in relation to the surface, where upstream indicates relative position or movement towards the surface along the well bore and downstream indicates relative position or movement further away from the surface. along the borehole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
    [009] Although the production and use of various modalities of the present invention are discussed in detail below, a person skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention provides applicable inventive concepts that can be incorporated in a variety of specific contexts. The specific modalities discussed here are illustrative and of specific ways to make and use the invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
    [0010] Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a well system, usually indicated with 10, including a plurality of autonomous flow control systems incorporating principles of the present invention. A well bore 12 extends through various strata of the earth. The borehole 12 has a substantially vertical section 14, the upper portion of which has a coating column 16 installed therein. The borehole 12 also has a substantially offset section 18, shown as horizontal, which extends through a underground formation carrying hydrocarbon 20. As illustrated, the substantially horizontal section 18 of well bore 12 is an open bore. Although shown here in an open hole, the horizontal section of a well hole, the invention will work in any orientation, and in an open or coated hole. The invention will also work equally well with injection systems.
    [0011] Positioned inside the well hole 12 and extending from the surface is a column of pipe 22. The column of pipe 22 provides a conduit for fluids to travel from formation 20 upstream to the surface. Positioned within the pipe column 22 at the various production intervals adjacent to formation 20 is a plurality of autonomous fluid control systems 25 and a plurality of production pipe sections 24. At either end of each production pipe section 24 is a plug 26 that provides a fluid seal between the pipe column 22 and the well hole wall 12. The space between each pair of adjacent shutters 26 defines a production interval.
    [0012] In the illustrated modality, each of the production pipe sections 24 includes sand control capability. Sand control sieve elements or filter media associated with the production pipe sections 24 are designed to allow fluids to flow through them, but prevent sufficiently sized particulate material from flowing through them. Although the invention does not need to have a sand control sieve associated with it, if one is used, then the exact design of the sieve element associated with fluid flow control systems is not critical to the present invention. There are many designs for sand control sieves that are well known in the industry, and will not be discussed in detail here. Also, an external protective shield having a plurality of perforations through it can be positioned around the outside of any such filter medium. Through use of the fluid control systems 25 of the present invention at one or more production intervals, some control over the volume and composition of the fluids produced is allowed. For example, in an oil production operation, if an unwanted fluid component, such as water, steam, carbon dioxide, or natural gas, is entering one of the production intervals, the flow control system in this interval will restrict or it will independently resist the production of fluid from this interval.
    [0013] The term "natural gas" or "gas", when used here, means a mixture of hydrocarbons (and varying amounts of non-hydrocarbons) that exist in a gas phase at ambient temperature and pressure. The term does not indicate that natural gas is in a gaseous phase at the site of the downhole of inventive systems. More specifically, it should be understood that the flow control system is for use in locations where pressure and temperature are such that natural gas will be in a mostly liquefied state, although other components may be present and some components may be in a state gaseous. An inventive concept will work with liquids or gases or when both are present.
    [0014] The fluid flowing into the production pipeline section typically comprises more than one fluid component. Typical components are natural gas, oil, water, steam or carbon dioxide. Steam and carbon dioxide are commonly used as injection fluids to propel the hydrocarbon towards the production pipeline, while natural gas, oil and water are typically found in situ in the formation. The proportion of these components in the fluid flowing into each section of production piping will vary over time and based on conditions within the well formation and bore. Likewise, the composition of the fluid flowing within the various sections of production tubing across the entire length of the entire production column can vary significantly from section to section. The flow control system is designed to reduce or restrict production from any particular range when it has a higher proportion of an unwanted component.
    [0015] Consequently, when a production interval corresponding to a particular flow control system produces a greater proportion of an unwanted fluid component, the flow control system in this interval will restrict, or resist, the production to from this interval. Thus, the other production intervals that are producing a greater proportion of the desired fluid component, in this case oil, will contribute more to the production flow that enters the pipe column 22. In particular, the flow from formation 20 to the piping column 22 will be smaller where the fluid must flow through a flow control system (instead of simply draining into the piping column). In other words, the fluid control system creates a fluid restriction on the fluid.
    [0016] Although Figure 1 represents a flow control system in each production interval, it should be understood that any number of systems of the present invention can be provided within a production interval without departing from the principles of the present invention. Likewise, inventive flow control systems do not have to be associated with each production interval. They can only be present at some of the production intervals in the well bore or they can be in the pipeline passage to address multiple production intervals.
    [0017] Figure 2 is a side view in cross section of a sieve system 28, and an embodiment of an autonomous fluid control system 25 of the invention having a flow direction control system, including a flow control system. flow rate or fluid control set 40, and a path-dependent resistance system or vortex set 50. Production piping section 24 has a sieve system 28, an optional inflow control device (not shown) and an autonomous fluid control system 25. The production pipeline defines an internal passage 32. Fluid flows from formation 20 into the production pipeline section 24 through the sieve system 28. The specifics of the sieve system do not are explained in detail here. Fluid, after being filtered through the sieve system 28, if present, flows into the inner passage 32 of the production pipe section 24. When used here, the inner passage 32 of the production pipe section 24 can be an annular space , as shown, a central cylindrical space, or other arrangement.
    [0018] In practice, down-hole tools will have passages of various structures, often having fluid flow through annular passages, central openings, helical or tortuous paths, and other arrangements for various purposes. The fluid can be directed through a tortuous passage or other fluid passages to provide other filtration, flow control, pressure drops, etc. The fluid then flows into the inflow control device, if present. Various inflow control devices are well known in the art and are not described in detail here. An example of such a flow control device is commercially available from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. under the trademark EquiFlow®. Fluid then flows into entry 42 of the autonomous fluid control system 25. While it is suggested here that the additional inflow control device can be positioned upstream from an inventive device, it could also be positioned downstream of the inventive device or in parallel with the inventive device.
    [0019] Figure 3 is a plan view of an autonomous fluid control system 59 having a flow control set 60 and vortex set 80 according to an embodiment of the invention. The flow control assembly 60 has a first fluid flow passage, or primary fluid flow passage, 62, and a second control passage or control passage 64. The second passage acts to control or direct fluid flow when it leaves primary passage. An autonomous fluid diverter assembly 66 is positioned along the second passage 64 and selectively restricts fluid flow through this passage. The second passageway outlet 68 is adjacent to the first passageway outlet 70, so that fluid exiting the second passageway will direct the fluid exiting the first passageway outlet 70.
    [0020] When used here, the “primary passage” can more generally be referred to as a first passage, in that the primary passage or first passage does not necessarily require that most of the fluid seep through the flow control assembly seep through the primary passage. Similarly, control passes can more commonly be referred to as "second pass", "third pass", etc. In addition, fluid flowing from, or leaving, the control passage (s) is referred to as "directed" the flow of fluid from the primary passage. Obviously, the flows from the passages will influence each other, determining the final flow direction or pattern of the fused or mixed flow. For reference, the flow from the control passage (s) having the diverter assembly in it (s) is typically referred to as "directing" the flow from the primary passage. The Figures show exemplary passage designs; those skilled in the art will recognize additional arrangements, including alternative designs for passageway length, shape, placement of inlets and outlets in relation to each other, angles of intersection of fluid flows and passageways, outlets of passage from each other , and the vortex set, etc.
    [0021] Vortex assembly 80 has a vortex chamber 82, a first fluid inlet 84, a second fluid inlet 86, and a vortex chamber outlet 88. Vortex assembly 80 may also include several directional elements 90 , such as vanes, grooves, dividers, etc., as shown and as known in the art. The first fluid inlet 84 directs fluid into the vortex chamber to create a spiral or centrifugal flow pattern. Such a spiral flow pattern is indicated by the solid line arrows in Figure 3. The first fluid inlet, as shown, can flow fluid into the vortex chamber substantially tangentially (as opposed to radially) to create such a flow pattern. . Such a flow pattern produces a greater pressure drop across the vortex assembly, as explained in the references incorporated here. The second fluid inlet 86 directs fluid into the vortex chamber 82 so that the fluid has little or no spiral pattern. However, the fluid flows substantially radially in the direction to the vortex outlet 88. Such a flow pattern is indicated by the dashed arrows in Figure 3. Consequently, a relatively lower pressure drop is induced through the vortex assembly 80. The elements directional elements 90 can be used to improve desired flow patterns.
    [0022] In use, a fluid F, such as production fluid from a well bore, flows into the flow control assembly 60 and exits into the vortex assembly 80. A proportion of fluid flows into the passage primary 62 and an inward proportion of control passage 64. An autonomous fluid diverter 66 is positioned along the control passage 64, so that fluid must flow through the flow diverter assembly 66 to continue along the passage of control. When the diverter assembly is “open”, that is, fluid flows from the control passage without restriction, the fluid flows through the control passage 64 and focuses on or directs the flow of fluid that leaves the primary passage 62 so that the fluid flows towards the second fluid inlet 86 of the vortex assembly 80. Alternatively, when the flow diverter assembly is "closed", or restricting fluid flow through the control passage 64, the fluid flowing through the primary passage 62 is directed into the first fluid inlet 84 of the vortex assembly. In one embodiment, when flow from the control passage is restricted, the flow of fluid from primary passage 62 will tend to "stick" to the wall on the side of the first fluid inlet 84 of the device, since the angle of the first fluid inlet 01 is greater than the angle of the second fluid inlet 02. The angles, directional devices, flow control system outlets and vortex set inlets can be changed in the drawing, as taught in the references incorporated here and how it will be apparent to those of skill in the art.
    [0023] In Figure 3, the control passage 64 is shown positioned so that fluid flow from the control passage directs fluid flow from the primary passage 62 towards the second flow inlet 86 of the vortex assembly 80 , resulting in a substantially radial flow through the vortex chamber. The system can be arranged in such a way that fluid flow from the control passage 64 directs fluid into the first fluid inlet of the vortex assembly, resulting in substantially centrifugal flow into the chamber. For example, control passage 64 can be positioned on the opposite "side" of the device. Similarly, the vortex assembly can be "reversed" so that 02 is greater than 01, thus having fluid from the direct control passage fluid from the primary passage to the centrifugal flow in the vortex chamber. Directional elements can be designed accordingly. Thus, the system can be designed to select, or allow, relatively free flow of, or a fluid of relatively higher or lower density.
    [0024] Flow diverter assembly 66 is an autonomous device that restricts or allows relatively free flow through it in response to changes in a fluid characteristic, such as density. The mobile fluid diverter is positioned in assembly 66 and moves in response to changes in density in the fluid. The mobile fluid diverter is designed to have a pre-selected effective density so that it will “float” and “immerse” when the fluid density changes over time. Details of the flow diverter assembly are explained elsewhere here. When the flow diverter assembly is in the open position, allowing relatively free fluid flow through it, the fluid leaving the control passage directs fluid leaving the primary passage in the direction of the second flow inlet. Radial flow results in the vortex chamber, with a consequent low pressure drop, and the flow of fluid through the system is relatively increased. When the flow diverter assembly is in the closed position, flow of fluid through the control passage 64 is restricted, and flow from the primary passage 62 flows into the first fluid inlet 84, being "directed" by the reduced flow of fluid. fluid from the control passage. Consequently, the fluid creates a centrifugal flow in the vortex chamber with resulting higher pressure drop and restricted fluid flow through the system. Once the autonomous fluid diverter assembly opens and closes in response to the change in fluid density, the system autonomously restricts flow based on such a change.
    [0025] The system can restrict water flow and select oil flow, restrict water and select gas, restrict gas and select oil, etc. The system can be used in the production of fluids from formation, in injection methods, or otherwise, as will be apparent to those of skill in the art. Most of the examples here will refer to the production of training fluid for ease of description.
    [0026] As an example, the system in Figure 3 can be used to restrict water production and allow for relatively oil-free production. As the circumscription of the production fluid changes over time, its density will also vary. The fluid diverter valve assembly, as will be explained, has the mobile fluid diverter of an effective density between that of oil and water. When the production fluid has a relatively higher proportion of water, or the density moves closer to that of water, the diverter will move or “float” in the higher density fluid. The fluid diverter moves to a position in which the flow of fluid through the flow diverter assembly 66, and therefore control passage 64, is restricted. Consequently, the fluid leaving the primary passage is directed into the first fluid inlet 84, centrifugal flow is induced in the vortex chamber, and production is restricted. (The restricted term is intended to include, but not require, complete flow prevention). When the fluid density changes to that of oil, and lower than that of the effective density of the diverter, the diverter will move or “immerse” to a position where fluid flow through control passage 64 is relatively free or not restricted. Consequently, fluid will exit the second control 64, directing the fluid leaving primary passage 62 into the second fluid inlet 86. The radial flow in the vortex chamber results in a relatively low pressure drop through the vortex assembly and the fluid production is relatively free.
    [0027] Figure 4 is a plan view of an autonomous fluid control system having a flow control set 60 and a vortex set 80 according to an embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, an additional control passage 72, or third passage, is present to assist additionally in the direction of fluid flow. Fluid flow from the additional control passage 72 influences or directs flow from the primary passage. For example, when fluid is unrestricted through the third passage 72, the flow of fluid directs the flow from the primary passage in the direction to the first fluid inlet 84.
    [0028] As seen in more detail in Figure 4, a second fluid diverter set 74 can optionally be employed in the additional control passage 72. Flow diverter set 74 is preferably designed to be opened when the flow diverter set 66 along the control passage 64 is closed, and vice versa. In such a modality, it is not necessary to count that the fluid "sticks" to the wall having the smallest entry angle. Instead, the fluid from the control passages will guide the primary pass fluid to the appropriate fluid inlet of the vortex assembly. One or more control passages and their corresponding entry angles can be used in conjunction to control fluid flow in the system.
    [0029] As also indicated in Figure 4, by dashed lines, a single set of fluid diverter 75 can be connected to both control passages 64 and 72. In such an arrangement, the mobile fluid diverter moves between a position which restricts fluid flow through one control passage to a position that restricts fluid flow through the other passage. For example, where the system is used to select fluid production when it has a greater proportion of oil to fluid than a greater proportion of water, a mobile diverter having an effective density between that of oil and water, will “float” to a position in the flow diverter assembly to restrict fluid flow through control passage 64. Thus, fluid flow through control passage 72 will direct fluid from primary passage 62 to the first flow inlet 84. The first pattern The resulting spiral flow in the vortex chamber will restrict the production of fluid through the system. Alternatively, when the fluid varies in density closer to that of oil, the mobile fluid diverter will “immerse” to a position in the diverter assembly to restrict fluid flow through the control passage 72. consequently, fluid from the passage primary flow will be directed into the second fluid inlet 86. Correspondingly, fluid flow in the vortex will be substantially radial and flow through the system in a relatively unrestricted manner.
    [0030] Various modalities of the autonomous fluid diverter assembly 66 for use in conjunction with control passages are shown in the Figures that follow.
    [0031] Figure 5 is an elevation view of a fluid diverter assembly, for example, in an open position, according to an embodiment of the invention, Figure 6 is an elevation view of a fluid diverter assembly. , for example, in an open position, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [0032] The stand-alone fluid diverter assembly 190 is positioned within a control passage 64. In Figure 5, the flow diverter assembly 190 includes a diverter subset 100. The diverter subset 100 has a fluid diverter 101 with two diverter arms 102. The diverter arms 102 are connected to each other and pi vote around a pivot joint 103. The diverter 101 is manufactured from a substance of a selected density to actuate the diverter arms 102 when the downstream fluid reaches a preselected density.
    [0033] Fluid diverter 101 is actuated by variation or change in the density of the fluid in which it is immersed and the corresponding change in float of diverter 101. When the effective density of diverter 101 is higher than that of the fluid, the diverter will “dip” into the position shown in Figure 5, referred to as the closed position, since fluid flow is restricted through control passage 64. In the example mode shown, when diverter 101 is in the closed position, flow fluid is restricted through the internal conduit 200 in plate 202.
    [0034] If the density of formation fluid increases to a higher density than that of the effective density of diverter 101, the change will actuate diverter 101, causing it to “float” and move diverter 101 to the position shown in Figure 6. The flow diverter assembly is in the closed position in Figure 6, since diverter 100 is adjacent to inner duct 200, thereby restricting flow through the inner duct. The shape and design of the internal duct and plate can be modified, as those in the art will understand; the function is to restrict flow through the control passage when the diverter assembly is in the closed position and allows relatively unrestricted flow through the control passage when the diverter assembly is in an open position. In the example embodiment shown, a stop 208 is positioned in the control passage 64 and adjacent to the diverter 101 to prevent the diverter from moving longitudinally in the control passage. The stop keeps the diverter in an adjacent position away from the inner duct 200. Fluid flows around or through the stop. Construction details are not shown.
    [0035] In use, fluid enters the control passage, flows through the stop, and the diverter assembly acts, moving it to an open or closed position. If in an open position, fluid continues after the diverter assembly and through the control passage to guide flow from the primary passage. If in a closed position, fluid is restricted from flowing through the control passage through the diverter. An alternative modality, in which fluid flow enters the passage along the central section of the diverter and exits at both ends will be understood by those of skill in the art and in the light of the descriptions in the incorporated references.
    [0036] The arms will move between the open and closed positions in response to the change in fluid density. In the embodiment seen in Figure 5, the material of the diverter 101 is of a higher density than that of the typical down-bore fluid. In such a case, a request mechanism 106 can be used, shown here as a leaf spring, to displace gravitational effects, so that the diverter arms 102 will move to the closed position even when the diverter arms are more dense than the downhole fluid. In other words, the request mechanism can be used to select an effective diverter density, when desired, since it is the effective density that determines whether the diverter will immerse or float in the fluid.
    [0037] Other request mechanisms, as are known in the art, can be employed, such as, but not limited to, counterweights, other types of spring, etc., and the request mechanisms can be positioned in other locations, such as at or near the ends of the diverter arms. here, the request spring 106 is connected to the two diverter arms 102, tending to pivot them upwards and in the direction to the position seen in Figure 6. The request mechanism and the force it exerts are selected so that the diverter arms 102 will move to the position seen in Figure 6 when the fluid reaches a preselected density. The density of the diverter arms and the force of the request spring are selected to result in the actuation of the diverter arms when the fluid in which the device is immersed reaches a preselected density.
    [0038] The double arm design seen in Figures 5-6 can be replaced by a single arm or single element design. A single-arm design can pivot, affixed to a pivot point at, or close to, one end. A floating, or unpinned, element design simply floats and immerses within the passageway.
    [0039] Note that the mode, as seen in Figures 5-6, can be modified to restrict the production of various fluids when the composition and density of the fluid changes. For example, the modality can be designed to restrict water production while allowing oil production, restrict oil production while allowing natural gas production, restrict water production while allowing natural gas production, etc. The assembly can be designed so that it is open when the diverter is in a “floating” or floating position, by moving the location of the internal duct, for example, or it can be designed to be opened where the diverter is in a “immersed” or lower position (as seen in Figure 5).
    [0040] Figures 7-11 are seen from another embodiment of a flow diverter assembly 390 having a rotary diverter 301 positioned in control passage 302.
    [0041] Figure 7 is an elevation view of another embodiment of a flow diverter assembly 390 having a rotary diverter 301. The flow diverter assembly 390 includes a subset of fluid diverter 300 with the mobile fluid diverter 301 The diverter 301 is mounted for rotational movement in response to changes in fluid density. The example diverter 301 shown is semicircular in cross section over most of its length with portions of circular cross section at each end.
    [0042] The modality will be described for use in selecting the production of a fluid of higher density, such as oil, and restricting the production of a fluid of relatively lower density, such as natural gas. In such a case, the diverter is "weighed" by high density counterweight portions 306 and 307 made of material with relatively high density, such as steel or another metal. The 304 portion, shown in an example embodiment as semicircular in cross section, is made of a material of relatively lower density, such as plastic. The diverter portion 304 is more buoyant than the counterweight portions 306 and 307 in denser fluid, causing the diverter to rotate to the upper or open position seen in Figures 8 and 10. Conversely, in a density fluid relatively lower, such as natural gas, the diverter portion 304 is less buoyant than the counterweight portions 306 and 307, and the diverter 301 rotates to a closed position, as seen in Figures 7 and 9. A request element, like a spring, it can be used in conjunction with, or in place of, the counterweight, as will be apparent to those of skill in the art. The selection of materials and ordering elements results in an effective density for the diverter.
    [0043] The counterweight portions 306 and 307 each have an internal channel defined through them. In the preferred embodiment, the upstream counterweight 306 has an internal conduit 308 to allow fluid to enter the portion of the passage having the diverter, so that the diverter can respond to the fluid density. Multiple 308 conduits can be used, since the upstream counterweight (in this mode) does not need to align with other conduits. The downstream counterweight portion 307 has an internal conduit 309 to align with the internal conduit 402 of plate 400 when the diverter assembly is opened, as seen in Figure 10. A person skilled in the art will recognize a wide variety of potential projects the internal ducts and / or plate 400. However, fluid flow is allowed through the passage when the diverter assembly is opened and restricted when the assembly is closed.
    [0044] Figure 8 is an exploded detail view of one end of the flow diverter assembly of Figure 7. (Note that the view is reversed from that of Figure 7.) Since the operation of the assembly is dependent on the movement of the diverter 301 in response to fluid density, the assembly should be oriented so that the diverter aligns the inner duct 402 appropriately. Plate 400, having an internal conduit 402 through it, is oriented in the well hole. A preferred method of providing guidance is to use a self-guidance assembly that is heavy to cause the plate to rotate within the passageway. The self-orientation set is sometimes referred to as a “gravity selector”. Plate 400 is weighed (or otherwise requested) for orientation, so that inner duct 402 is in the correct location once when the entire assembly is in position in the borehole. An advantage of the diverter design having a longitudinal rotation is that the diverter assembly does not require orientation once when located in a well bore. However, only the internal conduit (and plate or element through which the conduit passes) needs to be oriented. In the example shown, the internal duct 402 must be positioned in the lower half of the control passage, as shown. Other methods of guiding the flue will be apparent to those of skill in the art.
    [0045] In use, diverter 301 rotates around its longitudinal axis 311 between the open and closed positions. When in the open position, the inner duct 309 of diverter 301 is aligned with inner duct 402 of plate 400 and fluid drains from the diverter assembly and through control passage 302. In the closed position, the ducts are not aligned and flow through the internal conduit 402 is restricted.
    [0046] In the preferred embodiment shown, the set also includes fixed support elements 310 with multiple holes 312 through them to facilitate the flow of fluid through the fixed support.
    [0047] In use, the diverter float creates a torque that turns the diverter 301 around its longitudinal rotation axis 311. The torque produced must overcome any frictional and inertial forces that tend to keep the diverter in place. Note that physical restraints or stops can be used to restrict the rotational movement of the diverter; that is, to limit the rotation to various angles of rotation within a pre-selected arc or range. The torque will then exceed static frictional forces to ensure that the diverter will move when desired. In addition, restrictions can be placed to prevent the diverter from rotating to the upper or lower center to prevent it from possibly being "stuck" in such an orientation. In one embodiment, fluid flow restriction is directly related to the angle of rotation of the diverter within a selected speed range. The internal conduit 309 of the diverter 301 aligns with the conduit 408 of the plate 400 when the diverter is in a fully open position. Alignment is partial when the diverter rotates in the direction to the open position, allowing greater flow when the diverter rotates to the fully open position. The degree of flow is directly related to the angle of rotation of the diverter when the diverter rotates between partial alignment and complete alignment with the plate duct.
    [0048] Once properly oriented, the self-orientation plate 400 can be sealed in place to prevent further movement of the valve assembly and to reduce possible leakage paths. In a preferred embodiment, as seen in Figure 11, a sealing agent 340 has been placed around the outer surfaces of the plate 400. Such an agent can be an swellable elastomer, an O-ring, an adhesive or an epoxy that binds when exposed to the time, temperature, or fluids, for example. Sealing agent 340 can also be placed between various parts of the apparatus, which need not move relative to one another during operation, such as between plate 400 and fixed support 310, as shown. The prevention of leakage paths can be important, as leaks can potentially reduce the effectiveness of the device. The sealing agent must not be placed to interfere with the rotation of the diverter 301.
    [0049] The invention described above can be configured to select oil production over water production based on the relative densities of the two fluids. In a gas well, the fluid control device can be configured to select the production of gas over oil or the production of water. Where fluid flow is desired through the control passage when the fluid is of a lower density, such as where the diverter should allow oil flow, but restrict water flow, the diverter's orientation will be reversed to the open and closed positions . A corresponding change will be preferred at the location of the plate conduit 402 to allow flow, where appropriate. The invention described here can also be used in injection methods. In an injection operation, the control assembly operates to restrict the flow of an unwanted fluid, such as water, whereas it does not restrict the flow of a desired fluid, such as steam or carbon dioxide. The invention described here can also be used in other well operations, such as "well interventions", cementation, reverse cementation, gravel conditioning, hydraulic fracturing, etc. As with the modalities described anywhere here, the modalities in Figures 7-11 can be used to open and close the control passage in response to a preselected density fluid.
    [0050] Figure 12 is an orthogonal view of an embodiment of an autonomous fluid diverter assembly having a pivoting diverter arm. The flow diverter assembly 690 has a fluid diverter subset 600 and a valve subset 700 positioned in control passage 564. The diverter assembly 600 includes a diverter arm 602 that rotates around pivot 603 between a closed position , seen in Figure 12 in solid lines, and an open position, seen in broken lines. The diverter arm 602 is actuated by changing the density of the fluid in which it is immersed. Similar to the above descriptions, diverter arm 602 has less buoyancy when fluid flowing through control passage 564 is of relatively low density and moves to the closed position. As the fluid changes to a relatively higher density, the fluctuation of the diverter arm 602 increases and the arm is actuated, moving upwards to the open position. The pivot end 604 of the diverter arm has a relatively narrow cross-section, allowing fluid flow to either side of the arm. The free end 606 of the diverter arm 602 is of a larger cross section, preferably a substantially rectangular cross section, which restricts flow through a portion of the passage. For example, the free end 606 of diverter arm 602, as seen in Figure 12 in solid lines, restricts fluid flow along the base of the passage, while in the position shown in dashed lines flow is restricted along the upper portion of the passage . The free end of the diverter arm does not block the flow through the passage entirely.
    [0051] The valve subset 700, in an example embodiment, includes a rotary valve element 702 pivotally mounted on the control passage 564 and movable between a closed position, seen in Figure 12 in solid lines, in which the fluid flow through of the passage is restricted, and an open position, seen in broken lines, in which the fluid is allowed to flow with less restriction. Valve element 702 revolves around pivot 704. The valve subset can be designed to partially or completely restrict fluid flow when in the closed position. It may be desirable to allow a “leak” or some minimal flow to prevent the valve from being stuck in the closed position. A stationary flow arm 705 can be used to further control fluid flow patterns through the passage.
    [0052] The movement of the diverter arm 602 affects the fluid flow pattern through the control passage 564. When the diverter arm 602 is in the lower or closed position, fluid seeping through the passage is directed primarily along the upper portion of the passage. Alternatively, when the diverter arm 602 is in the upper or open position, shown in broken lines, fluid seeping through the passage is directed primarily along the lower portion of the passage. Thus, the fluid flow pattern is affected by the density of the fluid compared to the effective density of the fluid diverter. In response to the change in fluid flow pattern, valve subset 700 moves between the open and closed positions. In the modality shown, the assembly is designed to select, or allow the flow of a fluid of a relatively higher density. That is, a denser fluid, such as oil, will cause diverter arm 602 to "float" to an open position, thus affecting the fluid flow pattern and opening valve subset 700. As the fluid changes to a lower density, such as gas, diverter arm 602 “dips” to the closed position and the affected fluid flow causes valve assembly 700 to close, restricting the flow of less dense fluid. The assembly can be designed to select more or less dense fluids based on the arrangement of the elements, such as moving the displacement of the valve element pivot shaft, a directional element, such as flow arm 705, or a request element .
    [0053] A request element, such as a counterweight or spring, can be used to adjust the density of fluid in which the diverter arm "floats" or "dips" and can also be used to allow material from the diverter arm diverter has a significantly higher density than the fluid where the diverter arm "floats". As explained above, the relative fluctuation or effective density of the diverter arm in relation to the fluid density will determine the conditions under which the diverter arm will change between open and closed or upper and lower positions. Fluid flows from control passage 564 to direct fluid flow out of the primary passage when the valve subset is in the open position.
    [0054] Figure 13 is a plan view of a fluid control assembly according to an embodiment of the invention. A flow control assembly 800 has a first pass or primary pass 802 and two control passages, more specifically, a second pass 804 and a third pass 806. Fluid is supplied to primary pass 802 at inlet 803. The jumper two control passages is a flow diverter assembly 810 having a diverter pass 812 providing fluid communication between the two control passages. The diverter assembly 810 includes at least one diverter element 814 that moves within the diverter passage 812. The second passage has an opening 816 in the diverter passage 812. The third passage has an opening 818 in the diverter passage 812. Inlet passages 820 and 821 provide fluid for the diverter passage 812. A different number of inlet passages can be used. The inlet passages are preferably designed to allow a relatively small or slow flow of fluid through the diverter passage. In the preferred embodiment shown, the inlet passages are relatively small in diameter. In addition, the assembly is preferably designed to produce a relatively low pressure drop through the diverter passage. This is preferred, so that the buoyancy force moving the diverter element 814 is stronger, and can overcome, the hydrodynamic force acting on the diverter element.
    [0055] In one embodiment, diverter element 814 is a single sphere that moves along diverter passage 812. Diverter element 814 moves in response to variation in fluid density. When the density of the fluid is relatively high, the diverter element floats, and moves to a higher position in which fluid flow through opening 816 into the second passage 804 is restricted. At the same time, the flow of fluid into the third passage 806 through opening 818 is not restricted. Thus, fluid flow from the third passage directs the flow of fluid out of the primary passage 802 towards the first inlet 854 of the vortex assembly 850. A spiral or centrifugal flow pattern is induced in the vortex chamber 852, as indicated by the solid arrows, and fluid flow through the assembly is relatively restricted. Conversely, when the fluid changes to a relatively low density, the diverter element 814 moves or immerses to a position that restricts fluid flow through opening 818 into the third passage 806. Simultaneously, flow into the second passage 804 is not restricted. Thus, fluid flow from the second passage 804 directs fluid flow from the primary passage 802 in the direction to the second fluid 856 of the vortex assembly 850. Fluid then flows through the vortex chamber substantially radially towards the outlet of vortex 858, as indicated by the dashed arrows, and fluid flow through the assembly is relatively unrestricted.
    [0056] In such an embodiment, the fluid of relatively lower density is selected for production. A higher density fluid can be selected by changing the entry angles 01 and 02, changing the directional elements 860, etc., as explained here somewhere and as will be apparent to those of skill in the art.
    [0057] The diverter element is shown as a spherical ball, but can take other shapes, such as a rough piece, pellet, oblong shape, etc.
    [0058] In another embodiment, multiple diverter elements, such as diverter elements 814 and 815, are used simultaneously. The first diverter element 814 moves along the diverter passage 812 between a position that restricts fluid flow into the second passage and a position in which such flow is not restricted. The second diverter element 815 moves along the diverter passage 812 between a position that restricts flow into the third passage and a position in which such flow is not restricted. The movement of the diverter elements can be limited, such as by stops or pins, so the diverter elements remain close to the second and third through holes.
    [0059] The set shown in Figure 13, in a preferred embodiment, includes a gravity selector or some other devices to orient the set so that the diverter element (s) can float and immerse along the diverter passage to the proper alignment.
    [0060] In several of the modalities discussed here, at least a portion of the fluid control set needs to be oriented so that the diverter or diverter element can float and immerse appropriately. A gravity selector is discussed above with reference to Figures 7-11, for example, a gravity selector or other guidance device can be used to guide the entire flow control assembly, or just a portion of it, such as the flow control assembly, control passage plate, internal duct, etc.
    [0061] Figure 14 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention having a diverter element and a gravity selector for the control passage plate. A flow control assembly 870 has a first pass or primary pass 872 and a second pass or control pass 874. A density-based diverter element 876 is positioned within the second pass 874. The diverter element is shown as a sphere floating, but may be diverters discussed here or as known in the art. The plate 878 having an opening 880 through it is positioned within the second passage 874. The plate 878 is affixed to, or comprises, a gravity selector 882, so that the plate orientates itself using gravity by rotation in I take the pivot axis 884, so that the opening 880 is effectively positioned.
    [0062] The diverter element 876 moves between an open position in which fluid flow through opening 880 in plate 878 is relatively unrestricted, and a closed position in which flow through it is relatively restricted. Although the design of the diverter and plate may vary, the diverter moves between a position that restricts flow through the control passage and a position in which that flow is not restricted.
    [0063] The operation and design of the vortex set are well understood by the above discussion and will not be repeated here. Vortex assembly 890 has a first fluid inlet 892, a second fluid inlet 894, an outlet 898, a vortex chamber 896 and optional directional elements 899.
    [0064] Figure 15 is an orthogonal view of an autonomous valve assembly according to another aspect of the invention. In this modality, a set of mobile diverter 900, based on density, is positioned in primary passage 862 (the only passage, in a preferred embodiment) leading to the vortex set 1000. The diverter set operates to change the speed profile of the fluid seeping through the passage, rather than operating to restrict flow through a conduit. The diverter assembly 900 has a movable diverter arm, in this case pivotable, 902, which pivots around the mounting arm 903. The diverter arm 902 is shaped as described above with respect to Figure 12. Other types of driven diverter by density can be used in place of the shown pivot diverter.
    [0065] The diverter arm 902 changes the fluid flow pattern in passage 862. For example, the positioning of diverter 902 changes the speed profile, as seen in 904. Although the invention is discussed in relation to a speed profile , it can also apply to a flow rate profile, etc. When diverter 902 is close to the upper portion of the passage 862, the fluid velocity is the highest in the base portion of the passage, as indicated. When the diverter moves to a position close to the base of the passage, the speed profile is reversed. The change in flow pattern in the passage directs the fluid flow either to the first flow inlet 1004 or to the second flow inlet 1006 of vortex assembly 1000, optionally assisted by directional elements 1010, as shown. The resulting flow in the vortex chamber 1002 and eventually to the vortex outlet 1008 is as described here elsewhere. Consequently, a preferred fluid, such as oil, can be directed into the chamber to flow substantially radially, while an unwanted fluid, such as water, is restricted by being directed to a substantially spiral flow. The mode can be changed to select any desired fluid, such as gas over water, etc., as explained here, by changing the effective density of the diverter, the entry angles of the vortex set, etc. The set may need to be gravity oriented, as described here somewhere.
    [0066] The concept described in relation to Figure 15, in which a mobile diverter, based on density, is used to change the speed profile inside the passage and thus direct the flow of fluid that leaves the passage, can be used in conjunction with the multiple modalities of flow flow, described here.
    [0067] The inventions described here can also be used with other flow control systems, such as inflow control devices, sliding gloves, and other flow control devices that are already well known in the industry. An inventive system can be either in parallel or in series with these other flow control systems.
    [0068] Specifically, the teachings given here can be combined with those in US Patent Application, Serial No. 61 / 473,699, entitled “Sticky Switching for the Autonomous Valve”, by Fripp, filed on 8/4/2011.
    [0069] The modalities presented here provide an apparatus for autonomously controlling fluid flow in an underground well, the fluid having a density that changes over time, the apparatus comprising: a vortex set having a vortex chamber, an outlet vortex, and a first flow inlet and a second flow inlet into the vortex chamber; a flow control system having a first fluid passage and a second passage, fluid leaving the first and second passages directed into the vortex assembly; and the mobile fluid diverter positioned in the second pass, the fluid diverter moved by change in fluid density, the mobile fluid diverter to restrict fluid flow through the second pass in response to the change in fluid density. A similar apparatus, in which the second passage is to guide fluid flow when it leaves the first fluid passage and goes to the vortex assembly. An apparatus in which the fluid control system further comprises a third passage and the movable fluid diverter positioned in the third passage. An apparatus in which the second and third passages are to guide fluid flow when it leaves the first fluid pass and goes to the vortex assembly. An apparatus in which the fluid control system further comprises the third pass and the mobile fluid diverter is movable between the first and second control passages. An apparatus in which the mobile fluid diverter rotates about a longitudinal axis. An apparatus in which the mobile fluid diverter pivots about a radial axis of the fluid diverter. An apparatus in which the movable fluid diverter comprises a floating element not attached to the walls of the passages. An apparatus in which the mobile fluid diverter comprises at least one floating sphere. An apparatus in which the mobile fluid diverter is of a preselected effective density and is floating in a fluid of a preselected density. An apparatus in which the fluid diverter is movable between a first position and a second position, and in which the fluid diverter is requested in the direction to the first position by a request element. A device in which the request element is a counterweight. An apparatus in which the fluid diverter moves between a first position where the fluid diverter restricts fluid flow through the second passage, and a second position in which fluid flow through the second passage is not restricted. An apparatus in which the fluid diverter rotates to a plurality of angles of rotation, and in which the fluid flow restriction is related to the angle of rotation of the fluid diverter. An apparatus in which fluid flow through the first flow inlet results in a substantially spiraling flow in the vortex chamber. An apparatus in which fluid flow through the second flow inlet results in a substantially radial flow in the vortex chamber. An apparatus in which fluid leaving the primary fluid passage is directed into the first flow inlet of the vortex assembly when the mobile fluid diverter is of a lower density than the fluid. An apparatus in which the fluid diverter immerses in water, and in which water flowing through the apparatus flows substantially tangentially into the vortex chamber. An apparatus in which fluid exiting the first fluid passage is directed into the second flow inlet of the vortex assembly when the mobile fluid diverter is of a higher density than the fluid. An apparatus in which the fluid diverter floats in oil, and in which oil flowing through the apparatus flows substantially radially in the vortex chamber. An apparatus in which the mobile fluid diverter restricts fluid flow through the second passage when the mobile fluid diverter is of a lower density than the fluid. An apparatus in which fluid exiting the second passage directs fluid leaving the first passage into the vortex chamber to establish substantially radial flow. An apparatus in which the mobile fluid diverter restricts fluid flow through the second passage when the mobile fluid diverter is of a higher density than the fluid. An apparatus in which fluid leaving the second passage directs fluid leaving the first passage into the vortex chamber to induce a substantially tangential flow. An apparatus further comprising a downhole tool for use in an underground well, the vortex assembly, flow control system and movable fluid diverter positioned within the downhole tool. A method for autonomously controlling fluid flow in an underground well, the fluid having a density that changes over time, the method comprising the steps of: draining fluid through a primary fluid passage from a flow control system; flow of fluid from the primary fluid passage into a vortex assembly having a first and second flow inlets into a vortex chamber; flow of fluid through a control passage of the fluid control system, the control passage to control fluid flow when it leaves the primary fluid passage and goes to the vortex chamber inlets; and moving the mobile fluid diverter positioned in the control passage in response to a change in fluid density, the mobile fluid diverter to restrict fluid flow through the control passage.
    [0070] Flow control descriptions using autonomous flow control devices and their application can be found in the following US Patents and US Patent Applications, each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety for all purposes: US Patent Application , Serial No. 12/635612, entitled “Fluid Flow Control Device”, by Schultz, deposited on 10/12/2009; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/770568, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Controlling Fluid Flow Using Movable Flow Diverter Assembly”, by Dykstra, filed on 4/29/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/700685, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Autonomous Downhole Fluid Selection With Pathway Dependent Resistance System”, by Dykstra, filed on 2/4/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/750476, entitled “Tubular Embedded Nozzle Assembly for Controlling the Flow Rate of Fluids Downhole”, by Syed, filed on 3/30/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/791993, entitled “Flow Path Control Based on Fluid Characteristics to Thereby Variably Resist Flow in a Subterranean Well”, by Dykstra, filed on 2/6/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No., 12/792095, entitled “Alternating Flow Resistance Increases and Decreases for Propagating Pressure Pulses in a Subterranean Well”, by Fripp, filed on 2/6/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/792117, entitled “Variable Flow Resistance System for Use in a Subterranean Well”, by Fripp, filed on 2/6/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/792146, entitled “Variable Flow Resistance System With Circulation Inducing Structure Therein to Variably Resist Flow in a Subterranean Well,” by Dykstra, filed on 2/6/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/879846, entitled “Series Configured Variable Flow Restrictors For Use In A Subterranean Well”, by Dykstra, filed on 10/9/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/869836, entitled “Variable Flow Restrictor For Use In A Subterranean Well”, by Holderman, filed 8/27/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/958625, entitled “A Device For Directing The Flow Of A Fluid Using A Pressure Switch”, by Dykstra, filed on 2/12/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/974212, entitled “An Exit Assembly With a Fluid Director for Inducing and Impeding Rotational Flow of a Fluid”, by Dykstra, filed on 12/21/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12983144, entitled “Cross-Flow Fluidic Oscillators for use with a Subterranean Well”, by Schultz, filed on 12/31/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/966772, entitled “Downhole Fluid Flow Control System and Method Having Direction Dependent Flow Resistance”, by Jean-Marc Lopez, filed on 12/13/2010; US Patent Application, Serial No. 12/983153, entitled "Fluidic Oscillators For Use With A Subterranean Well (includes vortex)", by Schultz, filed on 12/31/2010; US Patent Application, No. Series 13/084025, entitled “Active Control for the Autonomous Valve”, by Fripp, filed on 11/4/2011; US Patent Application, Serial No. 61 / 473,700, entitled “Moving Fluid Selectors for the Autonomous Valve” , by Fripp, filed on 8/4/2011; US Patent Application, Serial No. 61 / 473,699, entitled “Sticky Switch for the Autonomous Valve” by Fripp, filed on 8/4/2011; and Patent Application US, Serial No. 13/100006, entitled “Centrifugal Fluid Separator”, by Fripp, deposited on 3/5/2011.
    [0071] Although this invention has been described with reference to illustrative modalities, this description is not intended to be interpreted in a limiting sense. Various modifications and combinations of the illustrative modalities as well as other modalities of the invention will be apparent to persons skilled in the art when referencing the description. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to cover any such modifications or modalities.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    1. Apparatus (59) for autonomously controlling fluid flow in an underground well, the fluid having a density that varies over time, the apparatus (59) comprising: a vortex assembly (80) having a vortex chamber (82 ), a vortex outlet (88), and a first flow inlet (84) and a second flow inlet (86) to the vortex chamber (82); a fluid control system (60) having a first fluid passage (62) and a second fluid passage (64), fluid exiting the first and second passages being directed to the vortex assembly (80); and a mobile fluid diverter (814), positioned in the second passage, the fluid diverter moved by the variation in fluid density, characterized by the fact that the mobile fluid diverter (814) to restrict the flow of fluid through the second passage in response to variation in fluid density; and the mobile fluid diverter (814) being of a pre-selected effective density and floating in a fluid of a pre-selected density, so that the effective density of the mobile fluid diverter (814) in relation to the fluid density, determines the conditions under which the mobile fluid diverter (814) will move to restrict the fluid to flow through the second passage; wherein the mobile fluid diverter (814) comprises a floating element (814) not attached to the walls of the passages.
    [0002]
    2. Apparatus (59) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the second passage directs fluid in order to affect the flow of fluid leaving the first fluid passage (62), in order to direct the fluid to flow in. of one of the first and second selected flow inlets of the vortex chamber (82).
    [0003]
    Apparatus (59) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid control system (60) further comprises a third passage (72), and a movable fluid diverter (814) positioned in the third passage ( 72).
    [0004]
    Apparatus (59) according to claim 3, characterized in that the second and third passages are for directing fluid flow when it leaves the first fluid pass (62) and goes into the vortex assembly (80 ).
    [0005]
    Apparatus (59) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid control system (60) further comprises a third passage (72), and the fluid diverter is mobile between the first and second passages of control.
    [0006]
    Apparatus (59) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile fluid diverter (814) comprises at least one floating sphere.
    [0007]
    Apparatus (59) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid diverter moves between a first position in which the fluid diverter restricts the flow of fluid through the second passage, and a second position in which the flow of fluid through the second passage is not restricted.
    [0008]
    Apparatus (59) according to claim 7, characterized in that fluid flow through the first flow inlet (84) results in a spiral flow in the vortex chamber (82).
    [0009]
    Apparatus (59) according to claim 7, characterized in that fluid flow through the second flow inlet (86) results in a radial flow in the vortex chamber (82).
    [0010]
    Apparatus (59) according to claim 7, characterized in that fluid leaving the first fluid passage (62) is directed to the first flow inlet (84) of the vortex assembly (80) when the diverter of mobile fluid (814) and an effective density lower than the fluid.
    [0011]
    Apparatus (59) according to claim 10, characterized in that the mobile fluid diverter (814) restricts fluid flow through the second passage when the mobile fluid diverter (814) is of a lower effective density that fluid.
    [0012]
    Apparatus (59) according to claim 10, characterized in that the mobile fluid diverter (814) restricts fluid flow through the second passage when the mobile fluid diverter (814) is of a higher effective density that fluid.
    [0013]
    13. Apparatus (59) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it also comprises a down-hole tool for use in an underground well, the vortex assembly (80), fluid control system (60) and diverter mobile fluid (814) being positioned inside the down hole tool.
    [0014]
    14. Method for autonomously controlling fluid flow in an underground well, the fluid having a density that varies over time, the method characterized by the fact that it comprises the steps of: draining fluid through a primary fluid passage of a system fluid control (60); flow of fluid from the primary fluid passage to a vortex assembly (80) having a first inlet and second fluid inlet in a vortex chamber (82); flow of fluid through a control passage of the fluid control system (60), the control passage to control fluid flow when it leaves the primary fluid passage and goes to the vortex chamber inlets (82); moving a mobile fluid diverter (814) positioned in the control passage in response to a change in fluid density, the fluid diverter being mobile to restrict fluid flow through the control passage; the mobile fluid diverter (814) being of a pre-selected effective density and floating in a fluid of a pre-selected density, so that the effective density of the mobile fluid diverter (814) in relation to the fluid density, determines the conditions under which the mobile fluid diverter (814) will move to restrict fluid from flowing through the control passage; wherein the mobile fluid diverter (814) comprises a floating element (814) not attached to the walls of the second passage.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2675994A1|2013-12-25|
    AU2011380912A1|2013-09-19|
    US20140041731A1|2014-02-13|
    EP2675994A4|2015-12-30|
    MY168323A|2018-10-30|
    NO2675994T3|2018-09-22|
    AU2011380912B2|2016-03-31|
    US9453395B2|2016-09-27|
    SG193326A1|2013-10-30|
    EP2675994B1|2018-04-25|
    WO2013070235A1|2013-05-16|
    CN103732854B|2017-08-22|
    CN103732854A|2014-04-16|
    BR112013025789A2|2017-02-14|
    CA2830959A1|2013-05-16|
    CA2830959C|2016-02-09|
    AU2011380912C1|2016-09-01|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-08-20| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-02-27| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|
    2020-05-05| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-11-03| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 11/11/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/US2011/060331|WO2013070235A1|2011-11-11|2011-11-11|Autonomous fluid control assembly having a movable, density-driven diverter for directing fluid flow in a fluid control system|
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