![]() PTO transmission system for an agricultural or industrial vehicle and method of operation
专利摘要:
PTO TRANSMISSION SYSTEM IN AN AGRICULTURAL OR INDUSTRIAL VEHICLE AND HIS OPERATION METHOD. The present invention is intended for a PTO transmission system in a vehicle for transmitting power to a PTO axis that drives an implement and comprises a planetary drive unit (3) that has the first and second input means (2, 5 ) and outlet means (4) coupled to the PTO axis (8). The first and second input means are coupled to an output shaft of the driving vehicle (1) and an output shaft (5) of the driving motor means (7), respectively. The control means (11) controls the transfer of power from a power source (4) to said means of the drive motor (7). The power source is a means of generating variable power (6) driven by said PTO axis. The drive motor means are configured and adapted to decrease or increase the rotation speed of the planetary drive output means by increasing or decreasing the power transferred to it, respectively 公开号:BR112013020904B1 申请号:R112013020904-6 申请日:2012-02-16 公开日:2020-07-28 发明作者:Christian Huber;Riccardo MORSELLI;John H. Posselius 申请人:Cnh Industrial Italia S.P.A; IPC主号:
专利说明:
[001] The present invention relates to a PTO transmission system (PTO) in an agricultural or industrial vehicle to transmit power to a PTO shaft that drives an implement, said vehicle comprising an engine and terrestrial drive wheels driven by the means of transmission by traction or main that comprise a continuously variable transmission (CVT) or an automatic gear transmission, in which the PTO transmission system comprises a planetary drive unit that has first and second input means and output means, said first input means being adapted to be coupled to an output shaft of said motor, said second input means being adapted to be coupled to an output axis of drive motor means and said output means are adapted to be coupled to said power take-off, said output means having a rotation speed which is a function speed of rotation of the first and second means of entry; power source means; and control means adapted to control the transfer of power from said means of power source to said means of the drive motor and coupled to the sensor means adapted to detect the speed of the vehicle wheel and the speed of the axle power take-off. [002] Today's agricultural or industrial vehicles and specifically tractors comprise electronic engine control and continuously variable transmissions (CVT) or automatic gear transmissions in an effort to provide optimum performance and fuel efficiency. [003] On the other hand, most PTO-driven implements require a constant propeller shaft speed or a propeller shaft speed governed by other considerations to ensure proper operation. [004] Therefore, PTO transmission systems for agricultural or industrial vehicles to transmit power to a PTO shaft that drives an implement or variable transmissions between the PTO shaft and the driving means on the implement itself were designed in an effort to allow control of the speed of operation of such implements regardless of the speed of the vehicle's wheel or the rotation speed of the engine itself. [005] Examples of such PTO transmission systems can be found in US-B2-6.692.395 or DE-A1-196 21 391. These PTO transmission systems use planetary gear units which has two input shafts driven by the engine and an auxiliary drive motor, and an output shaft to drive the PTO shaft. By changing the rotation speed of the auxiliary drive motor, the PTO shaft speed can be varied with respect to the motor speed. The energy consumption of such auxiliary drives is relatively high and it is not yet possible to readily adapt the PTO transmission system to different implements and working conditions. [006] The present invention is directed to a PTO transmission system and a method of operation of it, in which the power consumption is reduced and which is readily adaptable to different implements and working conditions. [007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a PTO transmission system in an agricultural or industrial vehicle to transmit power to a PTO shaft that drives an implement, said vehicle comprising an engine and land driven wheels driven by main transmission means comprising a continuously variable transmission (CVT) or an automatic gear transmission; said PTO transmission system comprising: a planetary drive unit that has a first and a second input means and output means, said first input means being adapted to be coupled to an axis output of said motor, said second input means being adapted to be coupled to an output shaft of the means of the driving motor and said output means are adapted to be coupled to said PTO shaft; operable control means for controlling the angular speed (RPM) of the motor, the transmission ratio of said means of transmission and said means of the driving motor; and a motor speed sensor, a PTO shaft speed sensor, operable to measure the motor speed and PTO shaft speed respectively, and coupled to said control means; a target take-up speed; and characterized by the fact that said control means can be operable to control the angular speed (RPM) of the motor, the gear ratio of said transmission means and said drive motor means to obtain a speed of the output shaft of PTO that corresponds to said target PTO speed is provided. [008] The speed of the PTO output shaft can be optimally adapted to the operating environment such that the operating efficiency is optimized. [009] The control can, preferably, be connected to an operator-selectable mode means to select a plurality of working modes. [010] The selector means is provided by an operator-selectable means, the said input signals defining a predetermined combination of control parameters for motor speed, wheel speed and take-up speed force. [011] According to the invention, a working mode can be selected in which said target power take-up speed is defined by the mapping information by GPS or sources connected by ISO-bus or operator input. [012] This working mode allows optimization of implement operation based on GPS data from ISOBUS input devices and improved fuel efficiency. [013] An additional working mode can be selected in which the target PTO speed is a function of the wheel speed. [014] As a result, the speed of rotation of the outlet means of the planetary drive unit and thus the PTO shaft is readily adaptable to different implements and working conditions, while optimizing fuel efficiency. and operating. [015] In addition, said target PTO speed can be proportional to the wheel speed in a first wheel speed zone and said target PTO speed is constant in a second wheel speed zone, above limit speed of the wheel. [016] Furthermore, the invention can additionally comprise a torque sensor, coupled to the control unit, and an additional working mode can be selected in which the target PTO speed is based on a PTO load constant target. [017] According to a second aspect of the present invention a method according to claim 6 is provided. [018] Preferred non-limiting embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings: [019] Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the PTO transmission system according to the invention; Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of the PTO transmission system according to the invention; Figure 2a shows a diagram for explaining a second mode of operation; Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of the PTO transmission system according to the invention; Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the PTO transmission system according to the invention; Figure 5 shows an example of a working method that uses a PTO transmission system according to the present invention; Figure 6 shows a further example of a working mode that uses a PTO transmission system according to the present invention; Figure 7 shows a diagram to explain the possible modes of operation of the transmission system of the present invention. [020] In Figure 1, a modality of the PTO transmission system in an agricultural or industrial vehicle is shown to transmit power to a PTO shaft 8 that drives an implement. [021] Vehicle 30 is only shown schematically and comprises an engine 1 and driving wheels 16 (only one of which is shown) driven by the main transmission means or by traction drive 15 which comprise a continuously variable transmission (CVT) or a automatic gear transmission. [022] The PTO transmission system comprises a planetary drive unit 3 which has first and second input shafts 2, 5 and an output shaft 4. Input shafts 2, 5 can be, for example, coupled or be in engagement with the sun gear and ring gear, respectively, of the planetary drive unit 3, while the planetary drive unit of the planetary gear carrier 3 can be coupled to the output shaft 4. [023] The first input axis is an output axis 2 of the motor 1, while the second input axis is an output axis 5 of the drive motor means 7. The output axis 4 of the planetary drive unit 3 is coupled to a PTO shaft 8. [024] With this planetary drive unit 3, the output shaft 4 has a rotation speed cu PTO which is a function of a rotation speed wE and cu HM of the first and second input axes 2, 5, respectively. The drive motor means 7, therefore, is adapted to decrease or increase the coPTO rotation speed of said output shaft 4 of said planetary drive unit 3 by increasing or decreasing the power transferred to it, respectively, under the control of said control means 11. [025] A variable power source 6 which can comprise a variable displacement hydraulic pump connected in an actionable way to the PTO shaft 8 and controlled by means of control 11, and said drive motor 7 can comprise a hydraulic motor driven by said pump 6 by means of hydraulic lines 9 and 10. The pump with variable displacement and the hydraulic motor work together as a hydrostatic drive. [026] Alternatively, the variable power source 6 may comprise an electrical generator operably connected to said PTO shaft 8 and controlled by the control means 11. In this case, the drive motor 7 may comprise an electric motor driven by said generator. [027] Control means 11 is adapted to control the transfer of power from said power source 6 to said means of the drive motor 7 and is coupled to the sensor means (not shown) that detects the speed of the vehicle wheel and the PTO shaft speed and PTO torque. [028] Furthermore, the control means 11 is connected to an electronic motor control unit 13 and an electronic transmission control unit 14 of said main transmission means or by traction drive 15 by means of any of the bus systems conventional 17 known in this field. [029] The control means 11 further comprises operator-selectable selection means 12 for selecting any of a plurality of working modes of said PTO transmission system. This control means is adapted to additionally control the motor speed, a gear ratio of the main transmission means and the PTO speed in response to the input signals provided by the operator-selectable mode means 12, being that said input signals define a predetermined combination of control parameters for engine speed, wheel speed and PTO speed. These input signals can define a predetermined combination of the motor speed and a gear ratio of the main transmission means 15 operative to reduce the power supplied to said means of the drive motor (6.51) to a minimum. [030] In another working mode, these input signals can define a predetermined combination of engine speed and a gear ratio of the main transmission media operative to maintain the PTO speed at a selected speed. [031] The operator-selectable mode selector means (12) are even more operative to generate said input signals that define a predetermined combination of control parameters for motor speed, wheel speed and take-up speed in response to external signals that comprise one or more GPS signals, ISOBUS signals, PTO torque signals and signals generated by the implement 20. [032] The modalities drawings of Figures 2 to 4 show only the hydraulic components of the PTO drive system and use the same control means 11, 12, 13 and 14 as in Figure 1, for this control system don't be established in these drawings again. [033] In Figure 2, the hydraulic pump comprises a standard load sensing pump 51 which is supplied in any way in the vehicle and is constantly driven by motor 1 of the output shaft 2a preferably through a gearbox 50. This pump it is controlled by the control means 11 and supplies the driving means 7 by means of a hydraulic compensator 52, again under the control of said control means 11. [034] The first input means of planetary gear 3 comprises a section of the motor shaft 2b coupled to the section of the motor output shaft 2a by means of a clutch 53 which allows the PTO system to be completely interrupted if it is not in use. [035] The output shaft of the planetary gear is optionally coupled to the PTO shaft 8 by means of a PTO gearbox 54 to reduce the size and cost of the system's hydraulic components. [036] Figure 2A shows the relationship between the engine speed (ICE) on the horizontal geometry axis and the PTO speed on the vertical geometry axis. The PTO speed can be varied between a minimum flow and a maximum flow of engine 1, and between these graphics, reliable operation is possible. [037] In the embodiment of Figure 3, the driving means 7 of the second inlet means 5 of the planetary gear 3 is driven by an additional pump 51 which is a pump with variable displacement driven by a clutch 53 at the motor output 1 and a gearbox 50 in the second section of the output shaft 2b of the motor 1 which extends to the planetary gear 3. The drive means comprises a standard hydraulic motor 7. The pump 51 is controllable through the control means 11 shown in Figure 1. [038] To allow a complete interruption of the PTO system, the PTO clutch 50 between sections 2a and 2b of the motor output shaft 1 can be disengaged. [039] A PTO gearbox 54 can be provided at the output end of the PTO shaft as in Figure 2. [040] Figure 4 differs from the modality of Figure 3 in that both pump 51 and motor 7 have a variable displacement and both are controlled by means of control 11. [041] In the following, the examples of working modes of the power take-off system of Figures 1 to 4 will be described. [042] As shown in Figure 5, these working modes can comprise a first working mode in which the operator selects in said input medium 12 a constant PTO speed and a constant wheel speed. The electronic engine control unit 13 automatically controls the speed of the engine and the electronic transmission control unit 14 automatically selects one of its selectable gears to keep this wheel speed constant. The PTO speed is constant regardless of the engine speed. Therefore, even if the combination of vehicle 30 and implement is up or down, the PTO speed is constant and only the engine speed and the selected gear change. [043] In this example, on a uniform ground in position A, the vehicle speed is 10 km / h, the engine speed is 1,900 rpm, and the selected gear is gear 10. In uphill position B, the engine speed is automatically increased to 2,200 rpm, and gear 9 is selected. In the down position C, the engine speed is automatically reduced to 1,600 rpm, and gear 11 is selected. In all positions, the PTO speed is kept constant at, for example, 1,000 rpm. [044] In Figure 6, a second working mode is shown, in which the operator selects in said input medium 12 a PTO speed proportional to a predetermined wheel speed selected by the operator or automatically controlled, the unit being electronic engine control unit 13 is adapted to automatically control the engine speed and the electronic transmission control unit 14 is adapted to automatically select one of its selectable gears to maintain said predetermined wheel speed. In this working mode, the engine speed is kept constant at 1,900 rpm and the PTO speed is always kept proportional to the wheel speed so that, for example, in position D, the PTO speed is 1,000 rpm, while the wheel speed is 10 km / h. The selected gear is 10. In the uphill position E, the wheel speed is reduced to 9 km / h, the PTO speed is proportionally reduced to 900 rpm, and gear 9 is automatically selected. In the down position F, the wheel speed increases again to 10 km / h with a proportional PTO speed of 1,000 rpm, and gear 11 is selected. This way of working results in a uniform operation of the implement regardless of wheel speed and improved fuel efficiency. [045] In the situation in Figure 6, a third working mode can be selected, in which the said PTO speed is determined as a function of a GPS map or an ISOBUS request, the wheel speed is selected by the operator or automatically controlled, the electronic engine control unit 13 being adapted to automatically control the engine speed and the electronic transmission control unit 14 being adapted to automatically select one of its selectable gears to keep said wheel speed constant . In this work mode, the PTO speed is a function of a GPS map or an ISOBUS request, and the wheel speed is kept constant at 10 km / h so that, for example, in position D, the speed of PTO is 900 rpm, while the engine speed is 1,900 rpm. The selected gear is 10. In the uphill position E, the engine speed increases to 2,200 rpm while the PTO speed is increased to 1,000 rpm in view of the operation based on a function of the GPS map data or a request ISOBUS, and gear 9 is automatically selected. In the down position F, the engine speed decreases to 1,600 rpm, while the PTO speed is still 1,000 rpm, and gear 11 is selected. This working mode results in an optimization of the operation based on a function of the data from the GPS map or the ISOBUS request and an improved fuel efficiency. [046] There can be any kind of functional relationship between the vehicle's wheel speed and the PTO speed, it should not always be a proportional relationship. The operator can, for example, define two work points at which a particular PTO speed is selected for a specific wheel speed. A line through these work points can define such a relationship between the PTO speed and the wheel speed for the entire wheel speed range. [047] A limit speed of the wheel can be defined to allow a different strategy below and above said limit. Below said limit the relationship between the PTO speed and the wheel speed could be a proportional relationship while above the limit the PTO speed can be fixed, defining a saturation zone. [048] Referring to Figure 6, a fourth mode of work can also be explained, in which the operator selects in said input medium 12 a predetermined PTO speed and a predetermined or automatically controlled wheel speed, wherein the electronic motor control unit 13 is adapted to automatically control the speed of the motor and said electronic transmission control unit 14 is adapted to automatically select one of its selectable gears to maintain said predetermined wheel speed, or automatically controlled. In this work mode, the wheel speed is kept constant at 10 km / h and the operator continuously selects a desired PTO speed, so that, for example, in position D, the PTO speed is selected as 900 rpm, while the engine speed is automatically controlled to 1,900 rpm. The selected gear is 10. In the uphill position E, the engine speed increases to 2,200 rpm, and the operator has selected a PTO speed of 1,000 rpm. Gear 9 is automatically selected. In the down position F, the engine speed decreases to 1,600 rpm and gear 11 is selected. The selected PTO speed is maintained at 1,000 rpm. This working mode allows optimization of implement operation based on operator input and can result in improved fuel efficiency. [049] In a fifth working mode, a PTO speed that results in constant PTO power is automatically controlled by said control means 11, the wheel speed is selected by the operator or automatically controlled, the speed the motor is selectable by the operator or automatically controlled by said electronic motor control unit 13, and a gear is selectable by the operator or automatically selected by said electronic transmission control unit 14. In this work mode, the outlet power of strength is kept constant. When the load on the PTO increases, the PTO speed is decreased in order not to exceed an adjustable power limit or to maintain a constant output power. The benefit of this working mode is that similar to the draft mode for the rear implement: the output power is maximized. A torque sensor on the PTO shaft 8 measures the load on said PTO shaft 8 and said control means 11 adapts the PTO speed to keep the PTO output power constant. [050] In a sixth mode of work, a soft soil treatment is desired. In this working mode, the PTO speed is automatically controlled by said control means 11 in response to the load acting on said PTO axis 8, the wheel speed is selected by the operator or automatically controlled, the drive unit electronic engine control 13 controls the engine speed in response to operator input or automatically, and a variable gear is selected by the operator or automatically selected by the electronic transmission control unit 14. The PTO speed is automatically reduced when the load is low enough, for example, below a predefined limit. As an example for this way of working, a soil cultivator can be considered. If the soil is hard, the mechanical work to prepare the soil is greater than when the soil is softer. With softer ground the full PTO speed is not necessary, so it is reduced. By reducing the PTO speed when not needed, fuel consumption is reduced, and optimized handling is achieved. This is shown in the diagram in Figure 4 where the working conditions on hard and soft ground are indicated. This working mode prevents an increase in the PTO speed in addition to a control target on soft ground and even decreases the working point to a PTO speed of less than 540 rpm when operating on soft ground. On hard ground, the 1,000 rpm control target is automatically controlled. [051] Despite the fact that the specific working modes have been set out above, the desired combinations of the specifications for these working modes are considered and possible. [052] In all work modes, a PTO speed, a tractor wheel speed, an engine speed and a variable gear are selected and / or automatically controlled according to a selected work mode within the margins safe to prevent the engine from stopping in a sudden increase in the load on the PTO shaft. When the engine speed is less than the rated speed (ie 1,900 rpm), the engine may have enough power, but the torque range is reduced. In the event of a sudden increase in the PTO load, if the PTO speed is kept constant, the engine must stop, therefore, the PTO speed is temporarily reduced to practically increase the torque range. This has the benefit that the operator can work very close to the maximum engine power and efficiency (ie 1,900 rpm) without the risk of stopping the engine in the event of sudden load changes. The greatest efficiency (best engine working point) and highest productivity (works closest to the maximum engine speed) are achieved.
权利要求:
Claims (7) [0001] 1. PTO transmission system for an agricultural or industrial vehicle (30) to transmit power to a PTO shaft (8) that drives an implement, said vehicle (30) comprising an engine (1) and wheels terrestrial engines (16) driven by main transmission means (15) comprising a continuously variable transmission (CVT) or an automatic gear transmission; said power take-off transmission system comprising: -a planetary drive unit (3) having a first and a second input means and output means (4), said first input means being adapted to be coupled to an output shaft (2) of said motor (1), said second input means being adapted to be coupled to an output shaft (5) of the drive motor means (7) and said output means (4) being adapted to be coupled to said PTO shaft (8); - control means (11, 13, 14) operable to control the angular speed (rpm) of the motor, the transmission ratio of said means of transmission (15) and said means of driving motor (7); -a motor speed sensor and a PTO shaft speed sensor, operable to measure the motor speed and the PTO shaft speed respectively, and coupled to said control means (11, 13, 14); -a target PTO speed; and CHARACTERIZED by the fact that said control means (11, 13, 14) are operable to control the angular speed (rpm) of the motor, the gear ratio of said transmission means (15) and said motor means of drive (7) to obtain a PTO output shaft speed (8) corresponding to said target PTO speed and in which said control means (11, 13, 14) comprise a working mode in which said target PTO speed is defined by mapping information via GPS or sources connected by ISO-bus or operator input. [0002] 2. PTO transmission system, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that said control means (11, 13, 14) is operable to automatically reduce said target PTO speed in an increase sudden load of the motor to avoid stopping, when the said angular speed (rpm) of the motor is below a limit value. [0003] 3. PTO transmission system, according to any of the previous claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that said control means (11, 13, 14) is operable to control the said angular speed (rpm) of the engine and said transmission ratio to minimize entry from said drive motor means (7) and / or to minimize the fuel consumption of the engine. [0004] 4. PTO transmission system, according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that said system additionally comprises an actionable selection means (12) coupled to said control system (11) and operable to select the said way of working. [0005] 5. PTO transmission system, according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that said drive motor means (7) is a hydraulic motor and said variable power source is a variable hydraulic pump which work together as a hydrostatic unit, said hydraulic pump (6) being driven by said PTO output shaft (8) or by said motor output shaft (2). [0006] 6. Method of controlling a PTO transmission system, as defined in claim 1, the method comprising the step of defining the target PTO speed; and CHARACTERIZED by the fact that said method comprises the additional step of controlling said angular speed (rpm) of the motor, the transmission ratio of said transmission means (15) and said driving motor means (7) to obtain a PTO output shaft speed (8) corresponding to said target PTO speed and in which in a working mode said target PTO speed is based on GPS mapping information or mapping sources connected by ISO-bus or operator input. [0007] 7. Method, according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that said target PTO speed is automatically reduced by a sudden increase in the load on the PTO shaft to avoid stopping, when said angular speed ( engine rpm) is below a limit value
类似技术:
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 EP2675678A1|2013-12-25| CA2827419C|2015-04-21| US20140026691A1|2014-01-30| EP2675679A1|2013-12-25| US20140033838A1|2014-02-06| CA2827424C|2015-07-21| AU2012217034B2|2015-06-11| AU2012217035A1|2013-08-29| WO2012110616A1|2012-08-23| ITTO20110136A1|2012-08-18| AU2012217034A1|2013-08-29| AU2012217033A1|2013-08-29| WO2012110617A1|2012-08-23| BR112013020904A2|2016-10-04| BR112013021033B1|2020-07-28| AU2012217033B2|2015-11-05| US20140039756A1|2014-02-06| WO2012110615A1|2012-08-23| US9233607B2|2016-01-12| US9333858B2|2016-05-10| EP2675680B1|2016-04-13| AU2012217035B2|2015-12-17| CA2827421A1|2012-08-23| CA2827421C|2015-04-28| BR112013021049B1|2020-10-27| EP2675680A1|2013-12-25| EP2675678B1|2016-04-20| CA2827419A1|2012-08-23| BR112013021049A2|2016-10-18| CA2827424A1|2012-08-23| BR112013021033A2|2016-10-11| EP2675679B1|2016-04-13| US9446664B2|2016-09-20|
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法律状态:
2018-05-08| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: CNH INDUSTRIAL ITALIA S. P. A. (IT) | 2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law| 2019-08-06| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure| 2020-03-31| B09A| Decision: intention to grant| 2020-07-28| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/02/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 ITTO2011A000136|2011-02-17| IT000136A|ITTO20110136A1|2011-02-17|2011-02-17|PTO TRANSMISSION SYSTEM IN AN AGRICULTURAL OR INDUSTRIAL VEHICLE, AND ITS OPERATIVE METHOD| PCT/EP2012/052720|WO2012110615A1|2011-02-17|2012-02-16|Pto transmission system in an agricultural or industrial vehicle and method of operating thereof| 相关专利
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