• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PLACING AN ELONGED ELEMENT FROM A SHIP A device for feeding an elongated element (6) from a floating vessel and suspending a first portion (6a) of the elongated element in a body of water below the vessel , comprises a cylindrical body (10) rotationally supported on the ship and driving means (85 and 86) to control the rotation of the cylindrical body. The cylindrical body (10) further comprises a winding region (P) and an unwinding region (U) for the elongated element, and a cylindrical contact surface (18) for interacting with at least a portion of the elongated element (6) ; the contact surface (18) being configured to support the first portion (6a).
    公开号:BR112013007601B1
    申请号:R112013007601-1
    申请日:2011-09-30
    公开日:2021-01-12
    发明作者:Robert Haugen；Johan Peter Schwartz；Stener Dohlen；Gunnar Bolkesjo Hero
    申请人:Parkburn Precision Handling Systems Limited；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] [0001] The present invention relates to devices and methods used in placing elongated articles from a vessel at sea. More specifically, the present invention relates to the placement of elongated articles such as rigid pipes, flexible pipes, elevation pipes ("Riser"), flow pipes, ducts, umbilicals and cables. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0002] [0002] The state of the art includes WO 03/004915 (Stockstill), which describes a pipe laying vessel, with the hull and deck region supporting the duct spools. A pipe joint storage area is provided. One or more pipe welding stations are provided on the deck, close to the reels, the welding stations being positioned to connect the pipe joints to form an elongated duct that can be wound on a selected reel. A tower is provided to guide the duct when it is unwound from the spool, and the tower includes a bend controller, a driver and a tensioner. The tensioner carries the weight of the duct between the seabed and the vessel. The tower can be positioned at the stern for launching the duct from the stern and also in the middle of the vessel for launching the duct through a vertical hull opening (called the “Moon Pool”).
    [0003] [0003] The state of the art also includes US 5 346 333 (Maloberti, et al.) Which describes a vessel for placing flexible conduits on the seabed through the continuous unwinding of the conduit at a laying location, starting at least one supply vessel for the delivery vessel, in which the flexible conduit is gradually transferred from the supply vessel to the storage means located on the placement vessel. The placement vessel comprises dynamic positioning means, a reel for the storage of a flexible tubular duct and a tower positioned above the Lua pool and having, among others, a radius controller and tensioners. The radius controller (guide means) comprises a rail making it possible for the flexible tubular conductor to use a vertical path in the tower, towards the tensioners. The tensioners are placed below the rail, for example, two tensioners are mounted on the tower with approximately a rectangular parallelepiped shape, in series. The tensioners are placed vertically "downstream" from the rail and "upstream" from the worktable. The tensioners support the weight of the flexible tubular conduit when it is suspended between the vessel and the seabed. The tensioners comprise a plurality of tracks (tractor tracks), which exert a clamping force on the tubular duct. The simultaneous advancement of the tension strips exerts a clamping force on the tubular conduit, making it possible to descend the tubular conduit to the seabed.
    [0004] [0004] The state of the art of the vessels refers to the interaction between - and synchronization of - multiple tensioners in a tower in order to control the placement process. Operations at a greater depth of the ocean require greater retention power of the tensioners, which, in turn, require larger and taller towers on the placement vessels.
    [0005] [0005] The present applicant designed and incorporated this invention in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and in order to obtain additional advantages. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0006] [0006] An apparatus is then provided for feeding an elongated article from a floating vessel and suspending a first portion of the elongated article in a body of water below the vessel, characterized by the cylindrical body rotatably supported on the vessel and comprising means of conduction to control the rotation of the cylindrical body; the cylindrical body further comprises a winding region and an unwinding region of the elongated article, and a contact surface of the cylinder for interacting with at least a portion of the elongated article, both directly and through a plurality of support elements; the contact surface being configured to support the first portion and the first tensioner means so that the elongated article can be rolled in the form of a cylindrical body, arranged on the vessel, between the winding region and the elongated article storage area.
    [0007] [0007] In a laying method, the contact surface extends a distance in the axial direction of the cylindrical body of a magnitude which allows multiple turns of the elongated article so that it is wound around the contact surface.
    [0008] [0008] In a placement method, the apparatus also comprises a second means of tensioning the elongated article so that it is unwound from the cylindrical body, disposed on the vessel close to the unwinding region. The second tensioner means can be moved in the axial direction of the cylindrical body.
    [0009] [0009] The contact surface may comprise a material with a high coefficient of friction. In a placement method, the axis of rotation of the cylindrical body is substantially horizontal. In a placement method, a guide device is arranged on the vessel, close to at least part of the contact surface, arranged and configured to control the movement of the elongated article between the winding region and the unwinding region, in the direction axial of the cylindrical body.
    [0010] [0010] The guide apparatus may comprise an individual guide means for each lap of the elongated article around the contact surface.
    [0011] [0011] In a placement method, the guide apparatus comprises individual guide channels for at least a number of turns of the elongated article around the contact surface.
    [0012] [0012] In a placement method, the guide means comprises guide fins, extending into the distance from the contact surface. The guide means can comprise friction reduction means. In a placement method, the guide means comprises lifting means for raising the portion of the elongated article that is subjected to the guide medium, off the contact surface and subsequently allowing the elongated article to have only contact with the contact.
    [0013] [0013] The guide fins are arranged and configured in such a way as to satisfy their guide function, even if the cylinder rotates in the opposite direction, that is, in a winding or recovery mode. Alternatively, the guide unit can be inverted.
    [0014] [0014] In a placement method, the apparatus comprises means of traction for the elongated article, arranged at intervals around the cylindrical body. In a placement method, the traction means comprise a plurality of ridges, removably arranged on the contact surface, where at least a portion of the external structure of the elongated article is elastically deformed when subjected to the ridges when the apparatus is in operation. The ridges are arranged, in a laying method, parallel to the axis of rotation of the cylindrical body. In another method of placement, the ridges are arranged at an inclined angle with the axis of rotation of the cylindrical body.
    [0015] [0015] In a placement method, the contact surface comprises a plurality of receptacles arranged around the circumference of the cylindrical body, said receptacles being configured to removably receive a plurality of support elements of the elongated article. Each support element is configured to support at least a portion of the elongated article.
    [0016] [0016] In a laying method, a plurality of support elements are interconnected to form an endless belt, which is wound in a number of turns around the cylindrical body. Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a first and a second guide funnel for the endless belt, said guide funnels being arranged close to the cylindrical body and at an axial distance, in which the endless belt is temporarily raised from the cylindrical body and moved in the axial direction of the cylindrical body, before being reconnected to the cylindrical body.
    [0017] [0017] In a placement method, the apparatus comprises a plurality of support elements, configured to be arranged on the surface and to provide support for the elongated article. The support elements are connected through their terminal ends, in order to form an endless band, wrapped a plurality of turns around the cylindrical body, and the apparatus still comprises a detachment section, where a portion of the band is temporarily raised of the surface through a guide structure, displaced in the axial direction of the cylindrical body, and brought back to the surface. Rotating guide means are arranged in relation to the surface and configured to push a portion of the belt in said axial direction, when the cylindrical body is in rotation; and the guide means are arranged in the region of the peeling section.
    [0018] [0018] In a laying method, each support element comprises a V-shaped profile to support at least a part of the elongated article.
    [0019] [0019] In a laying method, in which the winding region and the unwinding region are on the same side of the rotation axis of the cylindrical body.
    [0020] [0020] A vessel is also provided for placing an elongated article, comprising a hull and a deck, and further characterized by a cylindrical body rotationally supported on the vessel and comprising means of conduction to control the rotation of the cylindrical body; the cylindrical body further comprises a winding region and an unwinding region of the elongated article, and a cylinder contact surface for interacting with at least a portion of the elongated article; the contact surface being configured to support the first portion.
    [0021] [0021] The vessel comprises, in a placement method, an opening in the deck through which a first portion is passed, said first portion being suspended by the cylindrical body. The vessel advantageously comprises the apparatus according to the present invention.
    [0022] [0022] In a placement method, the vessel comprises an alignment and radius control unit, located close to the first tensioner.
    [0023] [0023] The vessel advantageously comprises a storage area for a plurality of storage spools for portions of the elongated article, upstream of the winding region.
    [0024] a) disposição de uma seção do artigo alongado em torno do corpo cilíndrico rotacionalmente suportado sobre a embarcação; b) alimentação de uma primeira porção do artigo alongado para dentro do corpo de água abaixo da embarcação e suspendendo a referida primeira porção pelo corpo cilíndrico; e c) rotação do corpo cilíndrico para que o artigo alongado desça para dentro da água. [0024] A method for placing from a vessel is also provided, comprising the following steps: a) provision of an elongated article section around the rotationally supported cylindrical body on the vessel; b) feeding a first portion of the elongated article into the water body below the vessel and suspending said first portion by the cylindrical body; and c) rotation of the cylindrical body so that the elongated article descends into the water.
    [0025] [0025] In a laying method, step a comprises rolling the elongated article in a number of turns around the contact surface of the cylinder over the cylindrical body.
    [0026] [0026] In a laying method, the elongated article is unrolled from one of a plurality of storage spools over an area of the deck over the vessel to the cylindrical body, without intermediate storage.
    [0027] [0027] In a placement method, an endless support belt is wrapped a number of turns around the cylindrical body, providing support for the elongated article. The method comprises, in a placement method, the temporary removal of the belt from the cylindrical body in a region of detachment.
    [0028] [0028] In a placement method, the method further comprises the use of a guide apparatus to effect a controlled movement of the elongated article portion which is wound on the contact surface, said movement being in the axial direction of the cylinder and in increments per rotation of the cylindrical body, which corresponds to the transverse dimension, such as the outside diameter, of the elongated article.
    [0029] [0029] Greater flexibility is achieved in this present invention, compared to the prior art, in which pipe storage spools can be used directly; there is no need to transfer the flexible pipes on an embedded roll or spool prior to development. The cylinder, according to the present invention, also eliminates the need for a high tower which is necessary in the prior art of placement vessels. The cylinder arrangement of a unit is advantageous compared to the high tower with its plurality of tensors in the prior art.
    [0030] [0030] The cylinder and the guide apparatus, according to the present invention, also facilitates the lifting of elongated articles, from the water and for the placement vessel, that is, a process which is reverse to the placement procedure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [0031] [0031] These and other features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of a preferred placement method, given as a non-restrictive example, referring to the attached drawings which: Figures 1 and 2 are a side view and a plan view, respectively, of a method of placing an installation vessel, according to the present invention; Figures 3 and 4 are a perspective view of the cylinder spool according to the present invention; Figure 5 is a front view of the cylinder spool shown in Figures 3 and 4; Figure 6 is a perspective view of a cylindrical support structure and the guide unit, according to the present invention; Figure 7 is a perspective view of the guide unit, according to the present invention; Figures 8 and 9 are a perspective view and a plan view, respectively, of a portion of the guide unit shown in Figure 7; Figure 10 is a plan view of a method of placement of a cylinder support structure and the guide unit according to the present invention; Figures 11 and 12 are a perspective view and a plan view, respectively, of a radius control and alignment unit for the elongated article, of a placement method; Figures 13 and 14 are a perspective view and a plan view, respectively, of an alternative method for the guide unit; Figure 15 is a perspective view of yet another method for the guide unit; Figure 16 is a perspective view of the cylinder, according to the present invention, showing the ridges to improve traction, arranged on the contact surface; Figure 17 is an outline of a part of the contact surface, having a number of ridges; Figures 18 and 19 are sketches of the principle indicating, respectively, the orientations of the ridges on the cylinder; Figure 20 is a front view of the cylinder, illustrating another method for guiding the elongated article; Figure 21 is a schematic side view of a portion of the cylinder which is illustrated in Figure 20, showing support receptacles; Figure 22 is a figure similar to Figure 21, with brackets installed; Figure 23 is a perspective view of a method illustrated in Figures 20 and 21, with the supports installed; Figure 24 is an enlarged view of the “B” portion of Figure 23; Figure 25 is a view similar to that of Figure 23, but also showing the elongated article in the cylinder; Figure 26 is an enlarged view of the “C” portion of Figure 25; Figure 27 is a perspective view of an endless belt of the supports and the corresponding guide structures, in a configuration comparable to that shown in Figure 23, but without showing the cylinder and auxiliary equipment; Figure 28 is a side view of the item shown in Figure 27; Figure 29 is a perspective view of two interconnected supports; Figures 30a to 30d are seen in perspective of supports in various ways; Figures 31a to 31c are perspective view, side view and top view, respectively, of guide structures; Figure 32 is a perspective view of another method of supporting a spool; Figure 33 is an enlarged view of the support shown in Figure 32; Figure 34 is a diagrammatic sectional view illustrating several layers within a lift pipe and a lift pipe in a support; Figures 35a, b and c are seen in perspective, bottom and front, respectively, of a support method, where Figures 35a and 35b are partially transparent in order to illustrate the internal channels and attached lines; Figure 35d is a top view of another support method; Figure 35e is an enlarged view of the section marked “E” in Figure 38; Figure 35f is an enlarged view of the section marked “K” in Figure 35e; Figure 35g is a schematic sketch of a support strap connection configuration; Figure 36 is a perspective view of the cylindrical body, or spool, supporting the pipe through a type of brace of the supports; Figure 37 is a perspective view of the same item illustrated in Figure 36; Figures 38 and 39 are seen in different perspective from the support belt, as shown in Figure 36; Figure 40 is a top view of the configuration shown in Figures 38 and 39; Figure 41 is a sectional view of the spool and support belt, as shown in Figure 37; Figure 42 is an enlarged view of the area marked "D" in Figure 41; Figures 43 and 44 are side and top views, respectively, of an installation vessel carrying another method of placing the present invention; Figure 45 is a perspective view of the winding / unwinding regions, associated with the method of placing the present invention shown in Figures 43 and 44; Figure 46 is a schematic top view of a configuration of the method illustrated in Figures 43 to 45; and Figure 47 is a schematic side view of a configuration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERENTIAL PLACEMENT METHOD
    [0032] [0032] An individual with specific knowledge will know the distinction between flexible pipes and rigid pipes. While flexible pipes have a relatively low minimum bending radius without plastic deformation, (for example, a few meters), rigid pipes have a relatively high minimum bending radius (for example, in the order of a few tens of meters). While this description refers to the general term “flexible tubing”, it should be understood that this term covers not only flexible tubular ducts, but also flexible lifting tubes, umbilicals and flexible cables that a placement vessel can have to install. A person with specific knowledge will understand that the present invention is also applicable for the installation of rigid pipes, and that a reverse flexion driver in such a case may be necessary.
    [0033] [0033] Figures 1 and 2 show an installation vessel, or pipe laying vessel 2, implanting a flexible pipe 6 in a water body W. A portion 6a of the flexible pipe is suspended by the laying vessel and extends into the water and - as the laying procedure progresses - extends over the seabed below (not shown). Propulsion units (thrusters) 1 control the movements of the vessel, often controlled by dynamic positioning devices, which are known in the state of the art.
    [0034] [0034] The flexible pipe 6 is fed into the water in an approximately vertical orientation, through a pool of Moon 5 in the hull of the vessel 3. The maximum weight of the suspended flexible pipe 6a can be considerable (depending, among other factors, on the water depth), for example, in the range of 300 to 500 metric tons.
    [0035] [0035] A cylinder (later also referred to as spool) 10 is rotationally supported through a horizontal axis 11 or over the edge of the spool and the support structure 12 which is supported on the lower deck 4 of the vessel. The cylinder diameter can be on the order of 5 to 30 meters, or greater. Reference number 30 indicates the guide unit, which is described below.
    [0036] [0036] The flexible pipe 6 is, in the illustrated placement method, stored in a number of spools 7, which are placed on the lower deck 4 of the vessel. In Figures 1 and 2, the flexible tubing on a front starboard spool 7a is fed into an alignment and radius control unit 8, passes through the rear tensioner 20 before entering cylinder 10 in a winding region P over the cylinder . The flexible pipe 6 is, in the illustrated placement method, wrapped three turns around the cylinder before leaving the cylinder in the U unwinding region and thus exits the vessel through an optional front tensioner 21, through the Moon 5 pool and into the water. The rear tensioner 20 and the front tensioner 21 are of a type commonly known in the art. Although the rear tensioner 20 is illustrated relatively close to the cylinder 10, it should be understood that the rear tensioner could be placed further aft on the vessel, closer to the storage spools. This is also conceivable in order to have more multiple tensioners, one in front of each row of the storage spools. The optional front tensioner 21 is laterally displaceable (that is, in the axial direction of the cylinder) so that it is aligned with the flexible tubing.
    [0037] [0037] When the front spool to starboard 7a is empty, the placement of the tubing is momentarily interrupted while the front end of the flexible tubing on the adjacent front middle spool 7b is connected to the rear end of the flexible tubing to be implanted. The flexible tubing on consecutive reels is accessed and connected in a similar way. The flexible tubing on the rear spools is routed to the alignment and radius control unit 8, above the front spools, for example, on balusters or on the upper deck 7a. This guarantees a high degree of flexibility and virtually continuous operation.
    [0038] [0038] In order to ensure that the flexible tubing is entering the tensioner 20 and the cylinder 10 in a straight line, even if the tubing is unrolled from the storage spools which are not aligned with the cylinder (for example, such as the spool 7a), the alignment and radius control unit 8 comprises an alignment track 41 and a radius control track 42. These details are illustrated through Figures 11 and 12.
    [0039] [0039] Figure 1 also illustrates optional wheels or tractor belts 23a and b, which can be tilted against the pipeline and therefore serve as a safety feature in the event of a pipeline break. In addition, a driver can optionally be included in the unwinding region; Figure 1 shows a wheel 24a on one side of the pipe, and an inclined wheel 24 b (for example, a loaded spring, or by hydraulic pressure) on the other side of the pipe. These items are known in the state of the art and applicable for rigid piping, such as coiled tubing.
    [0040] [0040] Referring now to Figures 3, 4 and 5, the spool 10 comprises a cylindrical body having a contact surface of the cylinder 18, a number of rings 15 and side walls - or flanges - 14. The cylinder is rotationally supported through an axis 11 which in turn is supported rotationally by a structure 12 placed on the vessel. The rotation of the cylinder is controlled by motors and gears, which are commonly known in the state of the art (illustrated schematically with reference number 17 in Figure 2), and, therefore, neither illustrated nor discussed here. (An alternative method (see, for example, Figure 36, to be discussed later) of the cylinder is also called a "dolly-based" spool, in which the spool is not supported by a central axle, but through a plurality of wheels along the edge of the cylinder. The rotation of the cylinder would be controlled, in this case, by a rack and pinion gear.)
    [0041] [0041] Control lines, hydraulic reservoirs and lines, which are necessary for the device to start operating, as they are known, will not be illustrated or discussed here. Reference number 16 indicates stairs, walkways and access platforms.
    [0042] [0042] The width a in the axial direction of the cylinder is greater than the diameter d of the flexible pipe 6 multiplied by the number of complete turns of the flexible pipe and allowing the flexible pipe to enter and exit the cylinder. For example, in this method shown in Figure 5, the width a is greater than four times the diameter d of the flexible pipe, where the entire length of the flexible pipe, which is on the cylinder, is in contact with the contact surface 18 .
    [0043] [0043] The portion 6a of the flexible pipe which extends into the water is therefore, in this method of placement, suspended for a long distance by the cylinder 10, by the friction between the surface of the flexible pipe and the contact surface of the cylinder 18, which is advantageously covered by a material and / or structures that improve tangential friction but not axial (lateral) friction. The required number of turns (windings) of the flexible pipe is determined, for example, by the properties of the flexible pipe surface, the properties of the contact surface and the depth of laying. Thus, the weight of the suspended portion 6a of the flexible tubing is, in this method of placing the cylinder, accommodated to a large extent of the cylinder, and there is only a small, manageable load on the rear portion 6b. Thus, cylinder 10 removes the need for prior art tension towers.
    [0044] [0044] The pipe laying process (that is, laying of flexible pipe) can be, in this laying method, mainly controlled by the rotation of the cylinder, by a controlled operation of the aforementioned cylinder motors (17). The rear tensioner 20 ensures that there is a pre-tension in the rear position 6b of the flexible tubing, in order to ensure adhesion between the flexible tubing and the contact surface.
    [0045] [0045] The winding process can be performed initially by connecting a pilot line (for example, a wire, not shown) to the free end of the flexible tubing on one of the storage spools (for example, the front spool 7a), then extending the free pilot line at the end through the alignment and radius control unit 8 and the rear tensioner 20, and the entry of the spool cylindrical body into the winding region P. The pilot line is then wound up a required number of turns around the cylinder contact surface before leaving the cylinder in the unwinding region U and - optionally, as described above - the free end can be fed through the front tensioner 21. Thus, the pilot line is operated to pull the flexible tubing through the same route, that is, around the cylinder and through the front tensioner 21. The optional front tensioner 21 can be useful in this initial stage of the laying process, applying pre-tensioning a part of the flexible tubing exiting the cylinder until this part (i.e., the suspended part 6a) is long enough (and heavy) to provide sufficient tension on the cylinder. A similar pre-tension can be provided, however, at this early stage, by an agglomerated weight (not shown) attached to the free end of the flexible tubing.
    [0046] [0046] In order to control this portion of flexible tubing 6 which, at any given moment, is on the cylinder 10, the present invention provides a guide unit 30 'which, in this illustrated placement method, is arranged on the support structure of cylinder 12, below cylinder 10 (see Figures 2 to 5). This guide unit will now be described in more detail, particularly with reference to Figures 6 to 10.
    [0047] [0047] The guide unit 30 'comprises, in the illustrated placement method, a number of guide fins 32 connected to a frame 36 which is connected to the support structure (and, therefore, the hull of the vessel). The fins 32 extend towards and within a distance from the contact surface of the cylinder 18, and have a curvature similar to the curvature of the cylinder 10. Adjacent fins 32 define between them a channel 33 and the fins are arranged with a distance between them such that each channel is wide enough to accommodate a flexible pipe of diameter d (see Figure 5) and also a wider end end (not shown). The surfaces of the guide fins then come into contact with a portion of the flexible tubing and work to force this portion laterally onto the cylinder. The surface of the guide fin is preferably made of a material having low friction, such as polished steel, xzylan coating, polyurethane coating or similar materials or coatings. Optionally, in an alternative method illustrated by Figure 15, the surfaces of the guide fins comprise wheels 35, where friction is further reduced.
    [0048] [0048] The fins 32 are arranged parallel to each other, but not parallel to the plane of rotation of the cylinder (that is, a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cylinder A-A (see Figure 10)). The fin set 32 then displays an angle of inclination (or “thread angle”) α (> 0º) with respect to cylinder 10, ensuring that the portion of the flexible tubing which at any given moment is on the cylinder is moved laterally (that is, in the axial direction of the cylinder) in a controlled manner. The fins may also have an angle of inclination with respect to the vertical axis (not shown) in order to compensate for the moments imposed on the pipe. The guide unit ensures that the flexible tubing (and its terminations and connections) is moved laterally over cylinder 10 for each revolution of the cylinder.
    [0049] [0049] In a practical application, the guide unit 30 'comprises two similar modules 30 (see Figures 8 and 9), allowing the guide unit to be assembled and disassembled under a cylinder 10, already installed.
    [0050] [0050] Figures 13 and 14 illustrate another method of the guide unit, where a plurality of wheels 35 are disposed between adjacent fins, spanning channels 33. The flexible tubing 6 is then forced into channel 35 and effectively being pushed away from the surface contact in the region covered by the guide unit. The flexible tubing is then raised from the contact surface when it is being moved laterally, and is subjected to very low friction in its operation.
    [0051] [0051] Referring now to Figures 16 to 19, the traction properties of the cylinder can be improved by adding a plurality of ridges 19 on the contact surface 18. The ridges are arranged at regular intervals on the contact surface, creating a set of successive ridges and valleys, and can comprise any material suitable for providing temporary deformation in the outer mantle of the flexible tubing; this is indicated schematically in Figure 17. The ridges 19 have a shape only to provide temporary elastic deformation in the outer mantle, and not damaging this outer mantle or any other part of the piping.
    [0052] [0052] In one configuration, the ridges 19 are arranged in parallel with the axis of the AA cylinder, as shown in Figure 18. Referring to Figure 19, the ridges 19 can also be arranged with a skewed angle β with respect to the axis of the cylinder. In this last configuration, the skewed angle β is preferably such that each ridge 19 is oriented perpendicularly with the guide fin 32, in order not to increase the radial friction as well as the tangential friction is increased. Figure 19 illustrates this principle and, therefore, shows only a crest 19 and a guide fin 32 (dotted line). The angles (α and β) are also increased in Figure 19 in order to illustrate the principle; in a practical application, these angles are small.
    [0053] [0053] The ridges are attached so that they can be easily removed, for example, using screws or similar fasteners.
    [0054] [0054] Another method of developing the apparatus according to the present invention will not be described with reference to Figures 20 to 31c.
    [0055] [0055] As shown in Figures 20 and 21, the contact surface 18 comprises a number of walls or partitions 52, extending radially and axially between the end flanges 14. The partitions 52 then define compartments 54 which serve as receptacles for individual supports 55. The supports 55 are configured to support a respective portion of the flexible tubing (discussed below). Figure 22 is a schematic representation of how the supports 55 are arranged in the respective receptacles and being interconnected through connection elements 56. Each support is configured in such a way that it rests against the partitions 52.
    [0056] [0056] Figure 23 illustrates how a plurality of supports 55 is connected through the aforementioned connection elements (preferably flexible) to form an endless belt which is wound a number of turns around the cylinder. Thus, in the Figure, four supports 55 are placed next to each other (side by side in the axial direction) within each receptacle 54 for most of the circumference of the cylinder. Within each receptacle, the supports are supported on each other in the axial direction, and are supported against the partitions 52. Thus, the partitions prevent the supports from moving in the tangential direction. In the lower portion of the cylinder, where the belt is raised from the cylinder in order to be displaced (in the axial direction), each receptacle 54 comprises three supports, side by side.
    [0057] [0057] Figures 25 and 26 show how the flexible tubing 6 is arranged around the cylinder 10 and supported by the supports 55. The part of the flexible tubing 6 which is supported by the cylinder is then supported statically by the supports. The side friction (ie, in the axial direction) is accommodated by the supports and the flexible tubing is not twisted when it moves in the axial direction over the cylinder.
    [0058] [0058] Figures 30a to 30d show how the pipe support region can have a shape to suit the diameter and the external surface of the applicable flexible pipe. The pipe support region preferably comprises corrugations 61 in order to increase the traction (friction) between the support and the flexible pipe. The external dimensions of the support illustrated by Figure 30a are in the order of l = 100 cm, w = 60 cm. The present invention is not limited, however, to such dimensions. In the method shown in Figure 30d, the holder comprises an insertion portion 63 and a socket 62. The portion of the holder which is supported by the surface of the cylinder (underside of the insert, holder and / or socket) preferably comprises a material of low coefficient of friction.
    [0059] [0059] Figures 27 and 28 show how the endless belt 59 of the supports 55 is wound a number of turns around the cylinder (not shown in Figure 27). In the lower region, the belt 59 is lifted from the cylinder and passes through a first guide funnel 57a, then transported diagonally below the guide unit 30 'and within a second guide funnel 57b before re-entering the cylinder on the side opposite to which he was raised. Guide funnels 57a and b are attached to the guide unit 30 '(see also Figures 23 and 25).
    [0060] [0060] Figure 29 shows how the supports 55 are interconnected by the connection elements 55 which are preferably flexible (straps or similar). The purpose of the connecting elements is to connect a series of supports together and to maintain an endless belt also when the belt is raised from the cylinder (as described above with reference to Figures 27 and 28). When the supports are in place in the receptacles and provide support for the flexible tubing, there is no tension in these connection elements.
    [0061] [0061] Figures 31a to 31c show how the guide unit 30 'comprises two guide fins 30, one on each side of the belt path.
    [0062] [0062] Although an endless belt 59 of supports 55, as described above, is preferably formed from an operational point of view, it should be understood that the supports should instead of being placed manually in the receptacles as the cylinder rotates, for example, in the P winding region, then providing the same support for the flexible tubing as described above. In this case, when the supports reach the U unwinding region, they will exit the receptacles and must be collected for reuse.
    [0063] [0063] An additional method of the apparatus according to the present invention will now be described with reference to Figures 32 to 35c.
    [0064] [0064] In this laying method, the contact surface 18 'is smooth, and has no partitions as described above. A series of individual supports 55 'are configured to support a respective portion of flexible tubing 6 and are interconnected through an elastic thread 71, or the like, thus forming an endless belt which is wound a number of turns around the cylinder, similar to the configuration of the endless belt described above.
    [0065] [0065] A lifting pipe is typically built with concentric sections, with layers of low friction coefficient between them. It is important that the outer layer / shell is not pushed or moved with respect to the layers that carry the load below them. As the tension in the lift pipe increases while traveling on the spool towards the outlet, the elongation increases. Thus, it is advantageous for the lift pipe or its support to slide against the contact surface of the spool, in order to prevent internal slipping in the lift pipe.
    [0066] [0066] Referring to Figure 34, the friction between the inner section of the lift pipe 81 and the outer section of the lift pipe 82 can be extremely low. On the other hand, it is difficult to reduce the friction between the underside of the support and the surface of the spool, due to its exposure to contaminants, such as sand, etc. Each support 55 'advantageously comprises a V-shaped profile, that is, having a valley 83 between two ridges 84, which increases the frictional force compared to the surface which is normal to the radial load, Fr.
    [0067] [0067] It is essential that the total frictional force between the support and the surface of the spool 18 'is less than the internal friction in the lift pipe, including the additional force due to the V shape. The friction between the support 55' and the contact surface 18 '(spool drum) can also be made extremely low, but it need not be as low as the internal friction of the lift pipe due to its V-shape.
    [0068] [0068] The internal friction coefficient between the elevation pipe sections 81 and 82 are dependent on the contact pressure. Typically, an increase in pressure reduces the friction coefficient. It is a design principle that the coefficient of friction between the material 64 on the underside of the support 55 'and the contact surface 18' of the spool has equivalent dependence, consequently meeting the need to always be below the internal friction without being unnecessarily low . This ensures that the ridge slides over the contact surface 18 ’and that sections 81 and 82 of the lift piping do not slide relative to each other.
    [0069] [0069] Figures 35a ac show a support method 55 'having side panels 72a and b that are offset with respect to each other, such that a side panel 72a extends as far as possible in a longitudinal direction (x +) and the other side panel 72b extends as far as possible in the opposite direction (x-). This oblique support allows the guide not to be twisted by the flap 32, the channel and the wheels described above. The fins 32 (see Figures 7 to 9) tend to push the support in the axial direction on the spool, but also introduce friction between the side of the supports, consequently tending to generate a twist in them. This tendency to torsion is reduced by the oblique shape, setting an opposite torque. The shape also stabilizes the movement of the interconnected supports 55 ’’. The front corner 73 can be surrounded or equipped with a wheel (not shown). The wheels can also be applied to the sides of the supports.
    [0070] [0070] Figure 35d shows an additional method of a support 55 ’’ ’having side panels 72c and d that are symmetrical in the longitudinal direction (x). An advantage of this configuration is seen when a plurality of supports 55 ’’ ’are connected as shown in Figure 35e (which is an enlarged view of the area“ E ”of Figure 38). For brackets 55 ’’ ’that are connected through their ends, the protruding end 74 is accommodated by the recess at the end 75 of the adjacent bracket, in a plug and socket configuration. This provides a stable connection for the supports that are connected in this way, through their ends, and also transversely (laterally on the spool), between the adjacent straps of the supports.
    [0071] [0071] The connecting wires / ropes 71 between the supports must be elastic (or have an elastic connection) in order to allow the supports to follow the elongation of the elevation pipe. The elastic cords are preferably connected at the opposite ends of the supports in order to have maximum length and flexibility. The next pair of supports is connected with another pair of elastic cords 71 located close to the previous connection, like a transmission chain. This is illustrated in Figure 35b, where a first pair of strings 71a connects supports 55'’a and 55’’b, while a second pair of elastic strings 71b connects supports 55’’b and 55’’c. This connection principle is preferably used in all support methods 55 ’, 55’ ’and 55’ ’’. The principle is illustrated in outline in Figure 35g, where a reference number 55 * denotes support in general. Each support has a first pair of inner holes 76a and a second pair of inner holes 76b. Each of the holes has an open end and a closed end. A spring 77 is connected to the support body at the closed end. The supports are arranged connected by their ends such that the opening of one end of adjacent supports faces each other, and a wire 71a and 71b is connected between opposite springs 77 (see Figure 35g). The flexibility of the support strap is then determined by the stiffness of the springs and the elasticity of the threads. Optionally, elastic cushions can be arranged between the supports in order to absorb the impact load between the supports.
    [0072] [0072] Figure 36 illustrates the spool 10 supported by a frame 12. Motors 85 are connected via toothed wheels (not shown) to the toothed rim 86 of the spool 10, in which the rotation of the spool can be controlled. Duct 6 is wound a plurality of turns around the spool, but is supported by the strap 86 of the supports 55 ', 55' 'and 55' 'as described above, supported by a smooth surface 18'. Figure 36 also shows the rear portion of duct 6b and the front portion 6a which is supported by the spool (or cylinder), as described above.
    [0073] [0073] The "detachment region" of the belt, that is, where the belt of the PE supports raised from the spool on one axial end and displaced to the other axial end of the spool, is identified with "T" in the Figures. In the detachment region T, the belt is guided by structures 57c and d (only indicated with a dotted line), for example, similar to the guide funnels 57a and b described above. These guide structures are not shown in Figures 37 to 42.
    [0074] [0074] Figure 37 is a view of the same method presented in Figure 36, but from a different perspective, contemplating the removal of the support structure.
    [0075] [0075] Figure 38 is similar to Figure 37, and Figure 39 is similar to Figure 36, but in Figures 38 and 39, the duct and spool have been removed in order to illustrate an internal guiding mechanism. Two guide straps 90a and b are arranged on opposite sides of the straps, comprise wheels 88a and b and rest against the edge 114 on the spool structure. The guide straps (which are wedge-shaped) and wheels 88a and b serve to push the guide belt in the axial direction, towards the edge on the other side. Figure 40 shows this method in a top view.
    [0076] [0076] Figures 41 and 42 illustrate how the guide straps 90a and b have low profiles, allowing large objects, such as pipe connection terminations, to pass through them.
    [0077] [0077] Referring to Figures 43 to 45, an alternative winding configuration is illustrated. In this method, the spool 10 was placed in front of the Lua 5 pool, such that the duct 6 is wound on the spool (P) on the same side as the duct is unrolled (U). This configuration is convenient from an operational point of view, in which the operator - located in the operator's cabin 4b - has a visual control of the duct both when entering and exiting the spool, as well as feeding through the horizontal tensioner 20. In the method illustrated, the duct is stored in a horizontal storage drum 22 and transported to the spool 10 through the tensioners 20.
    [0078] [0078] Figure 46 shows a configuration in which the duct is wound only once around the spool. Figure 47 shows a configuration in which the duct passes only through the spool, and is not wrapped around the spool as described above. Although these uses of the device invented to a greater extent than the multi-turn configuration are based on the rear tensioners 20, the advantage of having endless straps 87 'wrapped around the reel is noted only once, thus avoiding the need for devices for detachment and displacement of the belt, as described above.
    [0079] [0079] While the present invention has been described with reference to flexible ducts, it should be understood that the present invention is equally applicable for use in the handling of other flexible articles, such as mooring ropes, wires and chains, cables and rigid ducts .
    [0080] [0080] Although the present invention has been described in the context of implantation of an elongated article in the water and the terms "winding region" and "unwinding region" are used in the description, an individual with specific knowledge will understand that the present The invention is also applicable for the operation of recovering an elongated article, that is, reversing the rotation of the cylindrical article.
    [0081] [0081] While the description refers to a flexible duct being fed into the water through a Moon 5 pool, the inventions should also apply to vessel configurations in which the duct is fed into the water from the side of the vessel, or its stern.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    Apparatus for feeding an elongated article (6) from a floating vessel (2) and for suspending a first portion (6a) of the elongated article in a body of water below the floating vessel, the apparatus comprising a cylindrical body (10) rotationally supported on the floating vessel and comprising driving means (17; 85, 86) for controlling the rotation of the cylindrical body; the cylindrical body (10) further comprising a winding region (P) and an unwinding region (U) for the elongated article, and a cylindrical contact surface (18; 18 ') for interaction with at least a portion of the elongated article (6) both directly and through a plurality of support elements (55; 55'; 55 ''; 55 '''); the cylindrical contact surface (18; 18 ') being configured to support the first portion (6a), and a first tensioner means (20) for the elongated article, arranged on the floating vessel between the winding region (P) and a storage area (4) for the elongated article, the device characterized by the fact that it also comprises: a guide apparatus (30; 30 ';88; 90a, b) arranged on the floating vessel, close to at least part of the cylindrical contact surface, arranged and configured to control the movement of the elongated article between the winding region and the region of unwinding in an axial direction of the cylindrical body, where the guide apparatus (30) comprises individual guide means (32; 34; 35) for each turn of the elongated article around the cylindrical contact surface.
    [0002]
    Apparatus, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it also comprises a second tensioner means (21) for the elongated article, disposed on the floating vessel, close to the unwinding region (U).
    [0003]
    Apparatus according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the cylindrical body is horizontal.
    [0004]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide means are arranged not parallel with a plane of rotation of the cylindrical body and therefore exhibit an angle of inclination (α) other than zero degree .
    [0005]
    Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the guide means comprise lifting means (34) for raising the portion of the elongated article, which is subjected to the guide means outside the contact surface cylindrical and subsequently allowing the contact of the elongated article to resume the cylindrical contact surface.
    [0006]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it also comprises traction means (19) for the elongated article, arranged at intervals around the cylindrical body (10).
    [0007]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cylindrical contact surface (18) comprises a plurality of receptacles (54) arranged around the circumference of the cylindrical body (10), said receptacles ( 54) being configured to reliably receive a plurality of support elements (55) for the elongated article, and in which the plurality of support elements (55) are interconnected to form an endless belt (59) which is rolled up a number of turns around the cylindrical body (10).
    [0008]
    Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that it also comprises a first (57a) and a second (57b) guide funnel for the endless belt (59), said guide funnels being arranged close to the cylindrical body and at an axial distance, in which the endless belt is temporarily lifted from the cylindrical body and moved in the axial direction of the cylindrical body before being reattached to the cylindrical body.
    [0009]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it also comprises a plurality of support elements (55 '; 55' '; 55' ''; 55 *) configured to be arranged on the contact surface cylindrical (18) and to provide support for the elongated article.
    [0010]
    Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the support elements are connected in an end-to-end relationship to form an endless band (87), wrapped around the cylindrical body.
    [0011]
    Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that it also comprises a detachment region (T) in which a portion of the endless belt (87) is temporarily raised from the surface through a guide structure (90a, b), displaced in an axial direction of the cylindrical body and brought back to the surface; said guide structure (90a, b) having a low profile, allowing larger objects to pass through it.
    [0012]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that each support element comprises a V-shaped profile (83, 84) to support at least a part of the elongated article.
    [0013]
    Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the winding region (P) and the unwinding region (U) are on the same side as the axis of rotation of the cylindrical body (10).
    [0014]
    Floating vessel (2) for placing an elongated article (6), characterized by the fact that it comprises the apparatus as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13, a hull (3) and a deck (4), the cylindrical body ( 10) being rotationally supported on the floating vessel and comprising means of conduction (17; 85, 86) to control the rotation of the cylindrical body.
    [0015]
    Method of placing an elongated article (6) from a floating vessel (2), comprising the steps of: a) provision of an elongated article section around a cylindrical body (10) rotationally supported on the floating vessel; b) feeding a first portion (6a) of the elongated article into a body of water below the vessel and suspending said first portion by the cylindrical body and a tensioner; and c) rotation of the cylindrical body and operation of the tensioner in order to lower the elongated article in the water, characterized by the fact that the method also comprises the use of a guide device (30) to effect a controlled movement of the elongated article portion which is rolled over the cylindrical contact surface (18), said movement being in the axial direction (AA) of the cylinder and increased with each rotation of the cylindrical body which corresponds to the transverse dimension, such as the outside diameter, of the elongated article.
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    同族专利:
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    KR20130128390A|2013-11-26|
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    AU2011307963B2|2015-11-12|
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    EP2622248A4|2016-11-23|
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    法律状态:
    2017-07-25| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: PARKBURN WHISTLEBERRY INDUSTRIAL ESTATE (GB) |
    2018-07-31| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: PARKBURN PRECISION HANDLING SYSTEMS LIMITED (GB) |
    2018-12-26| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-07-02| B06T| Formal requirements before examination|
    2020-06-09| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|
    2020-11-03| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-01-12| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 30/09/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NO20101362A|NO335832B1|2010-09-30|2010-09-30|Apparatus and method for laying an elongate element from a vessel|
    NO20101362|2010-09-30|
    NO20101505A|NO339694B1|2010-09-30|2010-10-27|Device, vessel and use of vessel for laying an elongated object from a vessel|
    NO20101505|2010-10-27|
    NO20110989A|NO20110989A1|2010-09-30|2011-07-07|Apparatus and method for laying an elongate element from a vessel|
    NO20110989|2011-07-07|
    PCT/NO2011/000280|WO2012044179A1|2010-09-30|2011-09-30|Apparatus and method of laying an elongate article from a vessel|
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