• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    reinforcement bar, method for manufacturing bars, use of short fibers. the invention relates to reinforcement bars for concrete structures, comprising a large number of continuous parallel fibers, preferably made of basalt, carbon, fiberglass or the like, embedded in a cured matrix, the bars preferably having an average length of 20 mm to 200 mm and an average diameter of 2 mm to 10 mm, each bar being made of at least one bundle of fibers comprising numerous parallel fibers, preferably straight, having a cylindrical cross section and said bars being provided with a shape and / or surface texture that contributes to a good bond with the concrete. at least part of the surface of each bar being deformed before or during the curing stage of the matrix by means of: a) one or more strands of an elastic or inelastic material, however tensioned, being helically wound around said at least a bundle of straight parallel fibers before curing the matrix in which the fibers are embedded, keeping the fibers in a parallel state during curing and providing an uneven outer surface in a longitudinal direction of the reinforcement bars, and / or b) at least a deformed section and / or at least one end of each reinforcement bar; thereby producing a rough surface. the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing reinforcement bars and for using such short fibers.
    公开号:BR112013007348B1
    申请号:R112013007348-9
    申请日:2011-10-21
    公开日:2020-03-31
    发明作者:Per Cato Standal；Leonard W. Miller
    申请人:Reforcetech Ltd.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    “REINFORCEMENT BAR, AND, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING BARS”
    TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION [001] The present invention relates to a reinforcement element for use in connection with structures to be cast, such as, for example, concrete structures.
    [002] More specifically, the present invention relates to reinforcement bars for concrete structures and a method for manufacturing such bars, comprising a large number of continuous parallel fibers, slightly tensioned to work together, preferably made of basalt, carbon , fiberglass or similar, embedded in a cured matrix, the bars preferably having an average length of 20 mm to 200 mm and an average diameter of 0.3 mm to 3 mm, each bar being made up of at least one bundle of fiber comprising a number of parallel fibers, preferably straight, having a cylindrical or oval cross section and said bars being provided with a shape and / or surface texture for bonding properties.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [003] Unreinforced concrete is strong in compression, however it is very weak in traction, resulting in failure in low tractive effort. Therefore, it is an established practice to add short fibers to the concrete when mixing the concrete ingredients. The fiber mixed with the concrete during mixing disperses in all directions in a random manner and provides a reinforcing effect in all directions within the cured, hardened concrete. The addition of fiber changes the cracking mode from macro cracking to micro cracking. By modifying the cracking mechanism, macrofissures become microfissures. The crack widths are reduced and the final tensile cracking efforts of the concrete are increased. The mechanical connection between the embedded fiber and the
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 20/57 / 29 binder matrix provides this redistribution of stresses. In addition, the ability to modify the crack mode results in quantifiable benefits, reducing micro-cracking which results in reduced permeability and increased resistance to surface abrasion, impact resistance and fatigue resistance. This type of concrete is known as fiber reinforced concrete.
    [004] The use of corrosion resistant fiber reinforced polymer reinforcement (FRP) has also been previously proposed for transport structures, particularly those exposed to thawing salts and / or located in a highly corrosive environment. Glass, carbon and aramid fibers are commonly used in the manufacture of reinforcement bars for such concrete applications.
    [005] Recent developments in fiber production technology allow the production of polymeric basalt fiber reinforcement bars (BFRP), manufactured from basalt fiber that is made from basaltic rock. Basalt fibers have a good range of thermal performance, high tensile strength, acid resistance, good electromagnetic properties, inert nature, resistance to corrosion, UV radiation and light, vibration and impact load. BFRP products are available in a variety of shapes, such as straight sticks, loops, two-dimensional mesh and spirals.
    [006] Other areas of fiber use for reinforcement structures are concrete layers or coatings to be used in tunnel walls, to prevent rock from falling or as a means of preventing fires. Such concrete is cast on the surface and is commonly referred to as gunite or shotcrete (shotcrete), as well as precast concrete slabs or prefabricated concrete elements.
    [007] In order to avoid the consequential effects of deformation during the curing stages, that is, to avoid the formation of small or larger cracks during the curing stage, fibers have been used. A type of
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 21/57 / 29 fiber used is steel fibers having a length in the region of 2 - 5 cm and a diameter of approximately 1 mm. In order to provide sufficient connection with the concrete, the ends of such fibers are made flat, thus providing extended heads. The purpose of said steel fiber reinforcement is to avoid cracking during the green concrete curing stage.
    [008] Also fiber reinforcements made of a large number of parallel glass, aramid or carbon fibers, embedded in a matrix and cured have previously been proposed to be used instead of or in addition to steel fibers.
    [009] GB 2 175 364 A refers to a reinforcement member in the form of long straight elongated rods or continuous reinforcement bars, having at least one projection on its surface, which is formed by wrapping a cord-like material on the circumferential surface of a fiber-reinforced synthetic core. The cord-like material is formed by twisting continuous fiber bundles in one step in the range of three turns by ten cm to fifteen turns by ten cm. The fiber bundles comprise glass or carbon, or boron, or metal or natural or synthetic fibers.
    [0010] US 5,182,064 describes a method for producing a long plastic rod reinforced with elongated fiber, having ribs on its surface impregnating a reinforcement material that has continuous long fiber bundles with an uncured liquid resin. A rib forming member is separately prepared by impregnating a fiber bundle reinforcement material with an uncured liquid resin. A fiber-reinforced plastic rod is formed helically by applying the rib-forming member and together curing the two members into a solid body.
    [0011] JP 4224154 describes a reinforcement member for concrete having high adhesion intensity and tensile strength by wrapping thick wires and thin wires around a core material comprising fiber
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 22/57 / 29 of reinforcement and thermosetting resin and cured while forming a rough coating layer with a thermosetter.
    [0012] JP describes how to improve the reinforcement strength of cement by forming projections formed into rings projecting outward, or flat ends, in bundles of elongated fibers, embedded in a very thick material, cutting them into bundles of short fiber arranged in one direction and embedded in a resin matrix.
    [0013] JP 1207552 describes a solution in which a thermoplastic resin is reinforced with reinforcement fiber bundles oriented in one direction and then a curvature process is applied to it. Where the bending process is to be applied, a wire consisting of the same fiber as the mentioned reinforcement fiber is wrapped around and powder consisting of silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, stainless steel etc., with rich fastening property in concrete , is affixed to the periphery of the stem, in order to increase the intensity of fixation of a reinforcement member to the concrete.
    [0014] CN 2740607 describes a fiber reinforced structure for concrete. The fiber is a high polymer fiber, which is provided with a rough surface. The cross-sectional shape of the fiber reinforced structure can be a six-leaf shape or a five-leaf shape. A profile shape can be a wave shape or a sawtooth shape. The fiber diameter is between 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm. The length of the fiber is between 40 mm and 75 mm. The fiber structure has high tensile strength, low elastic modulus, strong resistance to acidity and alkalinity and a light specific weight. Fiber is used to control cracks in concrete during the curing stage.
    [0015] CN 201236420 describes a ribbed material that can be used in construction instead of steel reinforcement bars. The fiber composite ribbed material is a foldable cylindrical sectional bar, formed by gluing and compositing a plurality of core bundles of
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 23/57 / 29 basalt fiber and a resin substrate covering the basalt fiber core bundle. The bars are long units of a size similar to that of conventional steel reinforcement bars.
    [0016] EP 2087987 describes a method and device for introducing longer steel fibers into concrete, using a device fixed on or near a concrete spout, where the fibers are cut and launched into the concrete flow through of a tube, directly into the concrete mixer.
    [0017] JP2007070204 and JP 2008037680 describe a carbon fiber bundle in the form of a stacked yarn of two or more carbon fiber bundles. The carbon fiber bundle is twisted 50-120 per meter and has a length of the order of 5 - 50 mm. The carbon fiber bundle has a corrugated range of 3 - 25 mm. The flat carbon fiber bundle, having a width / thickness ratio of 20 or more, is twisted and processed. The cross-sectional area of the wire is 0.15 - 3 mm.
    [0018] WO 98/10159 describes fibers, continuous or discontinuous, and bars having geometries optimized for use in cement reinforcement, whose cross-sectional area is polygonal. The geometries are designed to increase the ratio of the surface area available for connection between the fiber and the matrix with the cross-sectional area of the fiber.
    [0019] US 2001/0051266 and US 2004/0018358 describe fibers that are micromechanically deformed, so that they are flattened and have surface deformations for improved contact with the matrix material, the matrix material, among other things, can be concrete. The fibers preferably have a length in the region of 5 - 100 mm and an average width of 0.5 - 8 mm, the fibers being made of one or more synthetic polymers or metal, such as steel.
    [0020] WO 02/06607 describes fibers to be used in concrete mixtures, the fibers being flat or flat and having a first and second
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 24/57 / 29 opposite flat or flat ends, which are twisted out of phase and which define between them an intermediate elongated helical fiber body. The fibers have an average length of about 5 - 100 mm and an average width of 0.25 - 8.0 mm and an average thickness of 0. 00 - 3.00 mm. The fibers are made of polypropylene or polyethylene.
    [0021] Reference is also made to WO 20093/025305, which belongs to the applicant, such publication being included by reference both with respect to the manufacturing method and the configuration and construction of elongated composite reinforcement bars.
    [0022] It is a necessity for an improved type of reinforcement that in a simple way is suitable for repairing conventional cracked concrete structures, reinforced with conventional steel reinforcement, so that the exposed steel reinforcement can be completely sealed and, in addition , restore and possibly provide increased structural integrity of the cracked concrete structure.
    [0023] It is still a need to provide reinforcement for concrete structures to avoid the need for complex or conventional reinforcement placed in situ, basing the reinforcement on reinforcement more or less randomly placed inside the green concrete, reducing the requirement of or at least part of the conventional reinforcement.
    [0024] In addition, there is a need for an effective and improved method to produce the short fiber bars and to improve the bonding effect between the surrounding concrete and the short bars.
    [0025] There is also a need for a short bar reinforcement, which contributes to the strength of the concrete also in the stages subsequent to the complete curing of the concrete.
    [0026] It should also be appreciated that there is a need for a maintenance-free, reliable reinforcement, where access is limited for installation of reinforcement bars or for use in processes where the machinery
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 25/57 / 29 Automated limit the opportunity to use straight bar reinforcement or prefabricated reinforcement frames or placed in situ, including structures such as slabs, pipes, drainage drains, pavement, marine anchors etc.
    [0027] In most of the documents mentioned above, the used plastic fibers are chosen from a group having a specific weight, contributing to a total specific weight of the fibers, that is, fiber and matrix, which is less than 1, thus providing bars short, a tendency to float upwards towards the upper surface in the pouring process. In addition, the plastic fibers of the prior art also have a tendency to absorb water, causing dehydration in a release phase, where there is a need for an excess of water to obtain an appropriate curing of the concrete.
    [0028] When pouring concrete, the plastic fibers of the prior art have a tendency to float upwards towards the surface when leaving the gutter. In addition, conventional steel fibers have a tendency to scramble upward during mixing and pouring, resulting in clogging, and it is also difficult to mix due to the tendency to absorb water, having a negative effect on the dehydration and curing process. of poured concrete. These negative effects reduce the range of steel by volume fraction and plastic fiber can be used through. The advantage of the basalt MiniBarsTM, according to the present invention, is the density and the non-absorption of water, allowing mixing in a range of up to 10% of volumetric fraction (VF), which otherwise would have been impossible to use fibers conventional.
    [0029] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0030] A key objective of the present invention is to increase the tensile strength of fiber-reinforced concrete up to 15 MPa in flexural tensile strength using ASTM Testing Methods and also residual tensile strength, and transform the compressive failure mode of plastic versus brittle, reducing the volumetric fracture to preferably below 10, thus establishing a very strong reinforcement
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 26/57 / 29 efficient.
    [0031] It is also an objective of the present invention to provide a concrete reinforced with MiniBarTM having very good flexural hardness and energy absorption capabilities after cracking. The MiniBarTM definition comprising short fiber reinforcement bars of basalt, carbon or glass, formed of numerous substantially parallel fibers, embedded in a suitable matrix, and comprising a helical winding around the embedded fibers, forming helically arranged indentations, extending helically circumferentially in a continuous manner along the bar, the bar having a length in the region of 20 to 200 mm and a diameter in the region of 0.3 mm to 3 mm and possibly a rough surface as further mentioned below, referred to below like MiniBarTM.
    [0032] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement being active both during the curing stage and inherent crack control and during the life of the concrete structure, having support and load distribution properties also subsequent to the completed curing, thus improving the structural integrity of such concrete structures.
    [0033] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement element, which reduces the extent of the preparatory work on the damaged concrete structures, in order to repair damages in such structures.
    [0034] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for producing such reinforcement of bar with increased qualities and bonding properties, when used in concrete.
    [0035] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement system that can also be used in concrete structures such as marine walls, where the improved strength of concrete under tension would eliminate the need for mild or moderate steel or other type of reinforcement.
    [0036] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a FRP reinforcement
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 27/57 / 29 consisting of short bars that do not contribute negatively to the concrete curing process, while at the same time increasing the bonding effect and the bonding mechanism with the surrounding concrete. [0037] It should be noted that steel fibers, due to their lack of resistance to corrosion, lose their reinforcement resistance. Accordingly, another objective of the present invention is to provide an alkali resistant reinforcement fiber.
    [0038] Yet another objective is to provide a MiniBarTM reinforcement, which allows random placement in the mixture and which is not influenced by the use of vibrators to vibrate green concrete.
    [0039] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement that is suitable for reinforcing structures that are otherwise difficult to access, such as deep excavated foundation, foundation piles or diaphragm walls.
    [0040] Another objective of the invention is to provide a MiniBarTM reinforcement whose position is not affected when the concrete pour is vibrated due to the density.
    [0041] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement system in which the reinforcing effect of the fibers and the conventional reinforcement in the form of reinforcement bars or loops work together through the entire cross-sectional area of a concrete structure, and also avoid the formation of concrete cracks and / or surface fragmentation, subsequent to the complete curing of the concrete. In such a case, fiber reinforcement and reinforcement in the form of bars, loops or prestressed reinforcement function as an integrated reinforcement.
    [0042] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement system reducing the necessary labor cost and maintaining a workable level of green concrete.
    [0043] Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide reinforcement elements that are configured in such a way that, when a structure
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 28/57 / 29 of concrete, reinforced with the reinforcement elements according to the present invention, is subjected to loads and forces, the failure is either by loss of connection between a reinforcement element and not by breaking the MiniBarTM, allowing the concrete fails or fissures, but not the MiniBarTM itself, thus providing the post-cracking strength of the concrete structure, related to the good bonding strength.
    [0044] Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide improved short bars, which do not obstruct during mixing with green concrete and which do not sink or float upwards in a batch of mixed green concrete during mixing or pouring.
    [0045] The objectives are achieved by using short MiniBarTM reinforcement, as further defined by the independent claims. Possible embodiments are defined by the dependent claims.
    [0046] Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide MiniBarTM reinforcement, in which the diameter and the adhesion strength, which are critical dimensions for obtaining the strength, are combined in such a way that the flexural and residual tensile strength exceeds 15 MPa.
    [0047] According to the present invention, MiniBarsTM also aim to eliminate the need for steel fiber or basalt reinforcement polymers in some applications, such as shear reinforcement.
    [0048] The above objectives are achieved by a reinforcement bar and a method for employing and producing such bars as further defined by the independent claims. Independent embodiments of the invention are defined by the dependent claims.
    [0049] According to the present invention, the reinforcement bar for concrete structures comprises a large number of parallel continuous fibers, preferably made of basalt, carbon, glass or similar fibers, embedded in a cured matrix. The bars can preferably
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 29/57 / 29 have an average length in the range of 20 mm to 200 mm and an average diameter in the range of 0.3 mm to 3 mm and each bar can be made up of at least one fiber bundle comprising numerous parallel fibers, preferably straight, having a cylindrical cross section, the cross section preferably being more or less circular or oval. At least part of the surface of each bar can be deformed before or during the curing stage of the matrix by:
    a) one or more strands of an elastic or inelastic material, however tensioned, being helically wound around said at least one bundle of straight parallel fibers before curing the matrix in which the fibers are embedded, keeping the fibers in one parallel state during curing and providing an uneven external surface with helical indentations longitudinally arranged, in a longitudinal direction over the surface of the matrix fiber bundle (s) of the reinforcement bars and / or
    b) said bars being provided with a shape and / or surface texture that contributes to a good connection with the concrete;
    thereby providing a rough surface.
    [0050] According to an embodiment of the invention, said two or more strands can be helically wound in the opposite direction around the fiber bundle (s) embedded in the matrix.
    [0051] In addition, MiniBarsTM can preferably be made of fibers of basalt, carbon, glass or the like.
    [0052] It should be noted that the length of the pitch of the propeller is in the range of 10 mm to 22 mm and, preferably, around 17 mm to be equaled with the degree of size of the concrete and aggregates, while the angle of the propeller with respect to the center line of the mini bar fiber it can preferably be in the range of 4 to 8 degrees, while the angle of the parallel fibers with respect to said center line of the mini bar fiber must be between 2 and 5 degrees.
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 30/57 / 29 [0053] The invention also comprises a method for manufacturing reinforcement bars. Each bar may comprise a large number of parallel continuous fibers, preferably made of basalt, carbon, glass, or the like, embedded in a cured matrix, the bars preferably having a length in the range of 20 mm to 200 mm and a diameter in the range from 0.3 mm to 3 mm. Said bars can be made of at least one bundle of fibers, which, before or during the curing process, are provided with a surface texture contributing to a good connection with the concrete, said surface texture being obtained by helically winding a or more strands of an elastic material around said at least one bundle of parallel fibers, the fibers also being straight.
    [0054] According to one embodiment, at least one helical strand is wound prior to the curing of the matrix, retaining the fibers in a parallel state during curing and providing an uneven outer surface in a longitudinal direction of the bars reinforcement. Two or more of such strands can be used, for example, helically wound in the opposite direction.
    [0055] The helical winding can be done with an angle in the range of 4 to 8 degrees with respect to the center line of the elongated mini bar.
    [0056] Such fibers can be randomly mixed with green concrete and used to repair cracked concrete work and also to provide average residual strength and flexural strength in cured concrete structures, thereby restoring or improving the structural integrity of the concrete structure.
    [0057] According to an embodiment of the invention, the reinforcement bar comprises a large number of continuous parallel fibers, preferably made of basalt, embedded in a cured matrix, the bars preferably having an average length in the range of 20 mm to 200 mm and an average diameter in the range of 0.3 mm to 3 mm. Each bar can be made from
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 31/57 / 29 at least one fiber bundle comprising numerous parallel fibers, preferably straight, having a more or less cylindrical or oval cross section and being provided with a shape and / or surface texture that contribute to good connection with the concrete.
    [0058] At least part of the surface of each bar being deformed before or during the curing stage of the matrix by means of:
    a) one or more strands of a strand material being helically wound around said at least one bundle of straight parallel fibers, before curing the matrix in which the fibers are embedded, keeping the fibers in a parallel state during the curing and providing an uneven external surface in a longitudinal direction of the reinforcement bars and / or
    b) at least one deformed section and / or possibly at least one end of each reinforcement bar; thereby producing a roughened surface and / or such deformations can be any deformations or notches or shapes avoiding or at least substantially restricting pullout.
    [0059] It should be noted that a thinner basalt fiber, used as a propeller around the main basalt fiber bar, will increase the strength of the MiniBarTM.
    [0060] According to another embodiment, one, two or more strands are helically wound in the opposite direction, said one or more strands creating the indentations required in accordance with the present invention.
    [0061] In accordance with the present invention, said helically arranged notches are provided by twisting a unit of thread or fiber helically around the bundle of impregnated fibers, more or less uncured, applying a higher tension to said thread than in the beam, thereby providing a twist in the beam and / or a notch
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 32/57 / 29 helically arranged, extending along the entire length of the beam and / or the short cut bars, according to the case.
    [0062] Alternatively or in addition, the outer surface of the bar can be provided with at least an enlarged or flattened part or having a variable diameter, such a surface being provided before the curing phase, thereby providing a better connection with the concrete.
    [0063] Each bar can also have a middle section or deformed ends, increasing the contact surface area of the bar.
    [0064] In a preferred method for manufacturing reinforcement bars as more defined above, said surface texture is obtained by helically winding one or more strands of an elastic or inelastic material around said at least one bundle of parallel fibers, the fibers also being straight. At least one helical strand can preferably be wrapped around the fibers and matrix prior to curing the matrix, retaining the fibers in a parallel state during curing and providing an uneven outer surface in the form of notches extending helically across a longitudinal direction of the reinforcement bars. Alternatively, two or more strands can be helically wound around the fibers and matrix in opposite directions, the tension in such strand (s) being higher than the tension used to pull the bundle along the production line. towards the curing and hardening stage.
    [0065] The outer surface of the bar can still or instead of be provided with at least an enlarged or flattened part or having variable diameter, such an enlarged or flattened part being formed before the curing phase, thereby providing a better connection with the concrete.
    [0066] The bars according to the present invention can be mixed with green concrete and used to repair cracked concrete work, also to provide medium residual strength and increased flexural strength in cured concrete structures, thereby
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 33/57 / 29 restoring or improving the structural integrity of the concrete structure. [0067] Possible other areas of use are concrete floors in buildings, prefabricated or concreted in situ; concrete paving stones, which can be made thinner and lighter due to the strengthening effects of the basalt MiniBarsTM etc. Another area of use is as concrete to produce clamps or weights by retaining the marine piping below the seabed.
    [0068] Another type of use of MiniBarsTM according to the present invention can, for example, but not exclusively, be very suitable in structures that are exposed to liquids and, in particular, water having a pH below seven or water containing salt. Such structures may, for example, be structures for marine defense and coastal defense parts and parts of pier / pier walls under or exposed to a waterline, bridge pillars, concrete barges or the like. Reinforcement can also be used on earth-based structures, where access to install conventional reinforcement is difficult. Such application can, for example, be deep foundations in excavations or diaphragm wall, piles or the like.
    [0069] It should be mentioned that the reinforcement of basalt MiniBarTM can be added to green concrete during mixing, supplied by trucks. Alternatively, the MiniBarTM reinforcement can be supplied in dry concrete for paving stones and drainage drains etc.
    [0070] The material used to establish the helical pattern of the bars can, for example, be an elastic or inelastic thread. As an alternative, basalt fiber yarns can also be used, since such a spiral can also contribute to both the strength and hardness of the MiniBarsTM.
    [0071] Furthermore, it should also be noted that MiniBarsTM, in addition, can be coated with a layer of particulate material randomly arranged, such as sand, glass or similar type of hard materials.
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 34/57 / 29 [0072] According to the present invention, MiniBarsTM are uniformly mixed in green concrete, randomly oriented. MiniBarsTM have a density similar to that of concrete, although not exactly the same. Consequently, MiniBarsTM do not float upwards or sink into green concrete and are unaffected by the vibration of the concrete, that is, they do not migrate upwards to the top or downwards towards the green concrete base when the concrete is vibrated.
    [0073] The behavior of MiniBarsTM in concrete is considered to be dependent on both the properties of concrete and the distribution of MiniBarsTM in concrete. The properties of the concrete can be important because the bars are short compared to their diameter and thus do not develop a complete anchorage in the concrete. Therefore, the forces that can be mobilized on the bars are highly dependent on the strength of the concrete and the resulting bonding stress developed between the concrete and the bars. The distribution of MiniBarTM in concrete is important because of the relatively small number of bars used in the mix, compared to conventional fibers. This relatively small number of bars means that less variation in distribution across the mixture could have a noticeable effect on strength.
    [0074] In addition, the size of the aggregates used in the concrete mix can have an effect on the strength of the concrete structure used. Smaller size of aggregates mixed with MiniBarsTM, according to the present invention, has affected the quality of the bar distribution and, consequently, improved the strength of the concrete.
    [0075] According to the present invention, the spiral around the straight fiber bundle can be beneficial. MinibarsTM more or less randomly positioned, according to the present invention, will act as shear joints in the concrete structure, linking and improving the shear strength of the concrete. MiniBarsTM according to
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. The present invention can also be a conventional supplementary reinforcement, conventional longitudinal flexural steel or basalt or carbon fiber reinforcement bars, MiniBarsTM functioning at least as a shear reinforcement, for example, to reduce the required time fixing by reinforcement fasteners.
    [0076] A single advantage obtained by using MiniBarsTM according to the present invention is that the tests demonstrated the relevant residual strength requirements, based on ASTM C1609 tests (as specified in ACI 318-06 for steel fiber reinforced concrete ), for use of MiniBarsTM, according to the present invention, as shear reinforcement in reinforced concrete slabs and beams. Such a type of fiber is a type of structural fiber free from corrosion, resistant to alkali.
    [0077] The basalt fiber reinforcement bars according to the present invention have the following connection mechanisms:
    [0078] On the macroscale, the controlled pitch of the basalt fiber and the twist of the spiral wire is in a range of 10 to 22 mm. The connection will be between the aggregates of the concrete, such aggregates having an irregular shape, which will hook or create a friction and / or mechanical connection with the notches on the surface of the minibar and with the other aggregates surrounding the concrete, ensuring an appropriate connection effect. In addition, the fine sand particles and cement particles located between the larger aggregates will also contribute to this bonding effect. If the pitch length of the mini bars according to the present invention, that is, the length of a helical strand loop at a distance, is too long and / or straight, that is, too long, the MiniBarsTM will be pulled out while said distance or length is too small, the mini bar according to the present invention will break and / or crush the fine particles surrounding the adjacent cement, such particles mainly being fine particles due to the reduced volume of notches per length of the bar.
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 36/57 / 29 [0079] In the microscale, the surfaces of the different basalt fibers will be roughened due to the small longitudinal notches formed between the parallel fibers of the beam, forming a bonding effect between the fine particles of the concrete, allowing and providing a strong effect of interlocking microlink between small and fine aggregates of concrete and MiniBarTM.
    [0080] A detail of the RFT process is being able to match the length of the spiral step (see Figure 3) to fit the largest size of the aggregate, so that the MiniBarTM and the aggregate can intertwine in the most efficient way, this that is, shorter pitch lengths equal mixtures of smaller aggregates.
    [0081] The chemical bonding of the concrete with the thin matrix layer and the outermost strands of the basalt fiber will also contribute to the bonding effect between the fibers and the surrounding concrete.
    [0082] The above connections are directly with straight, slightly twisted basalt fibers coated and joined by the matrix. The bond is not based on the addition of sand particles that have been shown to break the vinyl ester coated bars. Furthermore, the bond is not based on a bond with an externally added and "glued" ring of secondary material, as proposed in the prior art. The MiniBarTM connection is in the direction of the fibers and both the fibers and the notches made by the thin helically twisted wire allow a good mechanical connection between the reinforcement bar and the surrounding concrete over the entire length of the MiniBarTM.
    [0083] It should be noted that, in order to provide the roughened surface of the MiniBarsTM according to the present invention, the fiber weight factor with respect to the matrix weight factor should preferably be in the range of 65 to 85, more preferably, in the 70 to 77 and, most preferably, around 75. If the weight factor of the matrix used is
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 37/57 / 29 too high, the fine indentations between the fibers on the MiniBarTM surface will be filled with matrix, thus reducing the contribution of aggregates / fines to the microscale connection and making the matrix easy to pull out like a “hose” . If the matrix volume is too small, the contribution of the shear provided by the connection between the fibers on the surface and the aggregates and / or fines of the concrete will be reduced.
    [0084] Furthermore, the most preferred angle α of the spiral with respect to the MiniBarTM center line according to the present invention should preferably be in the region of 4 to 8 degrees, while the angle x of the parallel fibers with respect to said center line MiniBarTM should preferably be on the order of 2 to 5 degrees. The MiniBarTM can preferably be produced in accordance with the contents of US 7,396,496, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Tests have shown that the fibers according to the present invention mix well and remain random in the mixture, regardless of the rotating speed of the rotating drum of the concrete mixing transport truck. In addition, the fibers remain randomly distributed and remain uniformly distributed throughout the mixed volume also during pouring.
    [0085] It should also be noted that both the diameter and the bond strength are critical to ensure the required strength of the minifiber reinforcement.
    [0086] Although the solutions of the prior art are based on the shear strength of the epoxy used as a matrix, the fiber bars according to the present invention are based on the shear strength between the sand and the concrete aggregates on the one hand and the connection obtained with the surface of the mini bar.
    [0087] The diameter range is important since the contraction of the concrete also acts as a gripping mechanism, which is stronger in
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 38/57 / 29 larger diameters than in small diameters. The test showed that when the diameter is reduced, the fastening efficiency, when measured in the Flexional Tensile Test, increases, while the bond when measured by Average Residual Strength decreases. The implications are that, for different strength levels, as required during construction of concrete structures, different diameters can be specified to provide the desired or required strength level.
    [0088] Compared with the dimensions of the MiniBarsTM, the aggregate can have any normal size commonly used in concrete.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0089] The embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    Figure 1 schematically shows a view of a first embodiment of a MiniBar TM according to the present invention, indicating a tight winding;
    Figure 2 schematically shows a view of a second embodiment of a MiniBar TM according to the present invention, showing windings having a longer pitch length;
    Figure 3 shows schematically and on an enlarged scale a part of an embodiment of a MiniBar TM according to the present invention, indicating various angles of importance;
    Figure 4 shows schematically on an enlarged scale a vertical section in the axial direction of an embodiment of a MiniBar TM according to the present invention, indicating the direction of the numerous substantially parallel fibers and indicating the interaction between the aggregates and the fines of the concrete on one side and the surface and notches of the MiniBar TM fiber surface on the other side;
    Figure 5 shows schematically, on an enlarged scale, a cross section through a MiniBar TM according to
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 39/57 / 29 present application, also indicating the notches and the roughened surface.
    Figure 6 shows a graph showing the flexural tensile strength, measured in MPa, of a dry mix concrete for various fiber dosages by volume%;
    Figure 7 shows the average residual strength measured in MPa for a dry blend of various fiber dosages per volumetric%; and
    Figure 8 shows the flexural tensile strength, measured in MPa, of normal concrete with a maximum aggregate size of 20 mm, for different fiber dosages by volumetric%;
    Figure 9 shows the flexural tensile strength of high-strength concrete with aggregate of maximum size of 20 mm, for different fiber dosages in% volumetric;
    Figure 10 shows concrete of average residual strength with aggregate with a maximum size of 20 mm; and a spreadsheet describing the test results, shown in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3, where Table 1 describes the test results for generation 1 and 2 of dry mix concrete; Table 2 shows the test results for normal concrete with aggregates of a maximum of 20 mm, the% of dosage being the variable; and Table 3 shows the test results for high strength concrete with a maximum aggregate of 20 mm for three different% fiber dosage.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0090] Figure 1 schematically shows a view of a first embodiment of a MiniBarTM 10 according to the present invention. MiniBarTM 10 comprises a large number of parallel fibers 11 of basalt, fiberglass or carbon, embedded in a cured matrix of a conventional type resisting alkaline attacks. Such a matrix can, for example, be a thermoplastic, a vinyl ester (VE) or an epoxy. An elastic cord or inelastic cord 12 is wound continuously
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 40/57 / 29 around elongated embedded fibers, applying a certain tension to the cord 12, in order to partially deform the circumferential surface of the bar 10, producing helically arranged notches, elongated, 14. This winding operation is preferably carried out simultaneously with or slightly after the process of inlaying the elongated fibers 11 in the matrix, before the final stage of curing, thereby ensuring the required deformation of the circumferential surface of the bars 10. In addition, the MiniBarTM 10 can be made as strands or bars elongated in a continuous process, after which said continuous bar is cut to lengths preferably in the range of 20 mm to 200 mm, while the diameter or thickness of the bars can preferably be in the range of 0.3 mm to 3 mm. The spiral can be made of an elastic or inelastic cord, for example, of basalt, which, when tensioned in a controlled manner, can create the desired and repeatable notch surface deformation. In addition, the outer surface of the MiniBarTM may preferably have a hair-like texture, comprising numerous ends of thin ends of hair or fiber extending out of the MiniBarTM in a random direction. This can be achieved by twisting the large number of parallel basalt fibers embedded in an uncured matrix, preferably as a single bundle, around said thin spiral, thereby transforming straight thin wire into a spiral around the fiber bundle. During the process of establishing the helix, the tension in the thin, thinner helix is controlled with respect to the tension in the basalt fiber bundle. During the process of establishing the helix, the tension in the thin, thinner helix is controlled with respect to the tension of the basalt fiber bundle. The embodiment shown in Figure 1 is the main means to increase the bond with the surrounding concrete in the uneven shape of the MiniBarTM formed by the tensioned spiral 12. The difference in tension is maintained on the bar until the die is sufficiently cured and hardened. A secondary means is the connection with
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 41/57 / 29 the concrete at the microscopic level with the rough surface created by the fibers projecting partially from the matrix.
    [0091] Fig. 2 schematically shows a view of a second embodiment of a MiniBarTM 10 according to the present invention. According to this embodiment, MiniBarTM 10 is provided with a spiral 12 as shown in Figure 1. In addition to the two ends 13 being deformed / flattened, in order to increase the end contact area, thereby increasing the properties bonding strength and shear strength of the MiniBarTM 10 with respect to the surrounding concrete. Although a spiral 12 is shown, it should be noted that MiniBarTM 10 can be without such a spiral 12, the ends deformed or flattened ensuring the required bonding and shear strength, ref. Fig. 3, schematically showing a view of a third embodiment of a MiniBarTM 10 according to the present invention, deformed at each end and without a spiral
    12.
    [0092] Figure 3 shows schematically and on an enlarged scale, a part of an embodiment of a MiniBarTM according to the present invention, indicating various angles of importance. As shown, the bar 10 comprises a large number of substantially parallel fibers 17, embedded in a suitable matrix, the bar 10 being provided with a helically wound cord 12, tensioned so that the helical cord 12 forms elongated notches extending helically 14 along the length of bar 10. As indicated in the Figure, an angle α is used to define the angle between the center line CL of bar 10 and the projected angle of spiral 12 in the paper plane. Such angle α should preferably be in the range between 4 and 8 degrees. In addition, the Figure also shows the angle β between the center line CL of the stem and the longitudinal direction of the fibers 17. As specified above, the angle β must be at
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 42/57 / 29 region between 2 and 5 degrees. The optimum is a balance of tension between both fibers and a common angle of 4 to 5 degrees with the center line for both fibers. It should be appreciated that Figure 3 is exaggerated and distorted, in order to indicate the various shapes emanating from the tensioned spiral. It should be noted that the surface between the spiral is slightly helically arranged convex outer surface. The length L between two consecutive notch points in the axial direction of the bar defines the length of the spiral pitch.
    [0093] Figure 4 schematically shows, on an enlarged scale, a vertical section in the axial direction of an embodiment of a MiniBarTM 10 according to the present invention, indicating the direction and path of the numerous fibers 17 substantially parallel and also indicating the interaction between aggregates 15 and fine concrete 15 on the one hand and the surface and notches 14 of the MiniBarTM fiber surface on the other hand. It should be noted that, from the point of view of clarity, only a part of the surrounding concrete 15 is shown, the fibers 10 being randomly arranged in the concrete.
    [0094] Figure 5 shows schematically, on an enlarged scale, a cross section through a MiniBarTM 10 according to the present invention, also indicating the notches 14, the spiral 12 and the rough surface of the bar 10. It should be noted that the rough surface is established by the parallel fibers 17 and small elongated notches between the adjacent fibers 17.
    [0095] Normally, the range for adding crack control products is less than 2%, while, according to the present invention, the added beech dosage of MiniBarTM is the range of 0.5% to 10%. Test showed that the use of reinforced concrete by MiniBarTM, within the range identified above of added MiniBarsTM, did not present any difficulty in mixing the concrete. There was no bleeding,
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 43/57 / 29 ball formation or segregation in concrete, demonstrating that it is feasible to mix MiniBarsTM in concrete without any difficulty. The test proved that such concrete is handled, placed, consolidated and finished normally without additional precautions, thus demonstrating that good workability can be achieved due to the density of the MiniBarsTM.
    [0096] Tests were carried out to validate and verify improvements in the concrete. Tests showed that the compressive strength according to ASTM C39ASTM C39 of cylinders reinforced with concrete reinforced by MiniBarTM, according to the present invention, demonstrated ductile failure with the cylinders still intact after failure, while the normal unreinforced cylinders shatter due to brittle failure.
    [0097] Fig. 6 shows a graph showing the flexural tensile strength measured in MPa of a dry mix concrete for various fiber dosages in% volumetric. The graph shows the test of two generation fibers in a dry mix. The main differences between the fibers of two generations are the diameter of the fiber and the length of the spiral pitch. In the first generation, the fiber dosage by volume was constant, that is, 1.89% volume, while in Ger. 2 the fiber dosages were 0.75 and 1.5 respectively. As shown, the residual strength for Ger 2 was higher than the corresponding results for Ger 2, despite a reduction in fiber dosage due to the efficient use of materials and the high tensile strength of basalt.
    [0098] Figure 7 shows the average residual resistance measured in MPa for a dry mix concrete using several fiber dosages in% volumetric. The low average residual strength is the result of less MiniBarsTM across a given crack face.
    [0099] Figure 8 shows the flexural tensile strength measured in normal concrete MPa with aggregate size of maximum 20 mm, for different dosages in% volumetric, ranging from 2 to 20% volume and
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 44/57 / 29 a more or less linear increase in flexural tensile strength for increasing volumetric percentages.
    [00100] Figure 9 shows the flexural tensile strength of high-strength concrete, with aggregate of maximum size of 20 mm, for different fiber dosages in volumetric%, ranging from 0.5 to 10.0, a flexural strength of 17.04 MPa being achieved when using a 10% volume dosage. Correspondingly, Figure 10 shows concrete of average residual strength with aggregate of maximum size of 20 mm, obtaining an average residual strength of 15.24 when using a fiber dosage of 10.0% by volume.
    [00101] The Figures also include a spreadsheet describing the test results shown in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3. Table 1 describes the test results for generations 1 and 2 of dry mix concrete; Table 2 shows the results of the test for normal concrete with aggregates of a maximum of 20 mm, the dosage% being the variable; and Table 3 shows the test results for high strength concrete with aggregate with a maximum of 20 mm for three different fiber% dosage.
    [00102] The flexural tensile strength (rupture module) was tested by ASTM C78 - 07 FOR MiniBarsTM according to the present invention in volumetric percentages from 0.75% to 10%, with results of flexural tensile strength increasing from 6 MPa up to 17.05 MPa, depending on the volumetric fraction used through a MiniBarTM zero result of 5.2 MPa.
    [00103] The average residual strength increased from zero for normal unreinforced concrete to 5.8 to 15.24 MPa (474 psi to 1355 psi), depending on the volumetric fraction of the MiniBarsTM used. These values are significantly higher than those expected for unreinforced concrete of similar compressive strength. The following correlation between flexural tensile strength (fr), MiniBarTM dosage in volume (Vf) and
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 45/57 / 29 (f "c) is the compressive strength of concrete, determined using standard cylinder tests for (all units being MPa units):
    f r = (0.62 + 0.076 Vf) ^ f'c [00104] The average residual strengths (ARS) obtained for concrete reinforced with MiniBarTM, according to the present invention, were much higher than expected, suggesting that the MiniBarTM significantly helped the performance of post-cracking concrete in the current test program.
    [00105] The average residual resistance ARS = 1.95 Vf, where Vf is the dosage of MiniBarTM in percentage volumetric and f'f is the compressive strength of the concrete.
    [00106] In order to improve the connection between the MiniBarsTM and the concrete in which the MiniBarsTM are embedded, the MiniBarsTM surface can be provided with a randomly arranged particulate material, such as, for example, sand. It should also be noted that the MiniBarTM can be provided with a longitudinal opening extending axially through the MiniBarTM, thus ensuring a tubular MiniBarTM to increase the connection area. It should also be noted that the MiniBarTM is thicker than the steel fibers or conventional plastic material used and is suitable for experiencing higher compressive forces due to the contraction of the concrete in a larger diameter.
    [00107] The specific weight ρ of steel is of the order of 8 g / cm3, while the specific weight ρ for concrete is around 2.3. The specific weight of the MiniBarTM reinforcement is in the region of 1.9. As a consequence, the MiniBarTM does not sink or float upwards towards the surface of the concrete mixture during casting or concreting, since the specific weight of the basalt fibers corresponds more or less to the aggregates used in the concrete.
    [00108] The process for manufacturing MiniBarsTM according to
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 46/57 / 29 the present invention comprises the following steps:
    - Numerous continuous basalt fibers are assembled in parallel and embedded in a vinyl ester matrix. During this phase, the fiber bundle is pulled forward, subjected to a tensile tension, forming a straight body, the matrix is still not cured and soft. The fibers are supplied by spools inside a moistening chamber.
    - One or more separate strands are helically wound around the straight bundle embedded in a matrix, while the bundle and matrix are still relatively soft, said one or more separate strands being subjected to a higher tension than the tension caused by pulling to the front of the matrix fiber bundle. Due to said higher tension, said one or more separate strands will form notches extending helically on the surface of the fiber bundles embedded in matrix.
    [00109] Then, the bundle embedded in matrix and said one or more helically wound strands, more or less embedded, enter a curing stage, in which the fiber bundle, with its helical cord (s), they are cured and hardened.
    [00110] Due to the said higher tension in said one or more strands, compared to tension pulling the fiber bundle forward, the straight shape of the fiber bundle will also be affected, obtaining a more or less helical total shape before and during the healing stage.
    [00111] The elongated fiber bundle is then chopped into units, having the required length specified above, and bagged, suitable for use. [00112] It should be noted that the pitch given to the fiber bundle and, consequently, the MiniBarsTM, is dependent on the difference in tension between the tension in said one or more thin strands, during winding, and the tension applied to pull the bundle fiber forward during the winding process. The higher the tension in said one or more strands
    Petition 870190065083, of 7/11/2019, p. 47/57 / 29 thin, compared to that of the fiber bundle, the shorter the pitch and the deeper the helical notches.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Reinforcement bars (10) for concrete structures, each reinforcement bar comprising at least one bundle of fibers having a number of parallel fibers, which are tensioned, made of basalt, carbon, glass fiber, embedded in a matrix cured, each reinforcement bar having an average length in the range of 20 mm to 200 mm, and an average diameter in the range of 0.3 mm to 3 mm, each of the parallel fibers of each of the at least one bundle of fibers having a cylindrical shape and a cross section, the cross section being circular or oval, each reinforcement bar having an external uneven surface with helical notches longitudinally arranged in a longitudinal direction on the surface of at least one fiber bundle, in which at least one part of the surface of each reinforcement bar is deformed before or during the curing stage of the matrix by means of one or more strands of an elastic or inelastic tensioned material being helically wrapped around said at least one bundle of straight parallel fibers (17) before curing the matrix, in which the fibers are embedded; and keeping the fibers (17) in a parallel state during curing and providing an uneven outer surface, each reinforcement bar being provided with a shape and / or surface texture to form a roughened surface;
    characterized by the fact that each cord has a tension and is wound at an angle β between a central line (cl-cl) along a longitudinal direction of a respective bar (10) and a longitudinal direction of each fiber cord (17 ), the angle β is in the order of 2 to 5 degrees, an angle α between the center line (cl-cl) of a respective bar (10) and a projection of a helix of the helix notch, the angle α being in the range between 4 to 8 degrees, a fiber weight factor in relation to a matrix weight factor being in the range of 65-85.
    Petition 870200020737, of 02/12/2020, p. 7/9
    [2]
    2/3
    2. Reinforcement bar (10) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the length of the pitch of the propeller is in the range of 10 mm to 22 mm to be equalized with the degree of concrete and size of aggregate.
    [3]
    Reinforcement bar according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that two or more strands (12) are helically wound in the opposite direction around the matrix embedded fiber bar (10).
    [4]
    Reinforcement bar according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the length of the pitch of the propeller is 17 mm to be equalized with concrete grade and aggregate size.
    [5]
    5. Method for manufacturing reinforcement bars (10) as defined by claims 1 to 3, wherein each bar (10) comprises a plurality of continuous parallel fibers (17) made of basalt, carbon, glass, embedded in a matrix and cured, the bars (10) having a length in the range of 20 mm to 200 mm, and a diameter in the range of 0.3 mm to 3 mm, the bars (10) being made up of at least one fiber bundle which, before of or during the curing process, it is provided with a helix obtained by helically winding one or more strands (12) of an elastic material around said at least one bundle of parallel fibers (17), the fibers also being straight, characterized by the fact that the fibers (17) are parallel to the fibers (17) and twist with an angle β between the central line (cl-cl) of the bar (10) and the longitudinal direction of the fibers (17); that the angle is chosen to be chosen in the order of 2 to 5 degrees, while the propeller (12) is twisted with an angle α between the center line (cl-cl) of the bar (10) and the projection of the angle α of the propeller is in the range between 4 to 8 degrees, while said bars (10) being provided with a rough shape and / or surface texture.
    Petition 870200020737, of 02/12/2020, p. 8/9
    3/3
    [6]
    Method according to claim 5, characterized in that said at least one helical strand (12) is wound prior to curing the matrix, retaining the fibers (17) in a parallel state during curing and providing an uneven outer surface in a longitudinal direction of the reinforcement bars (10).
    [7]
    Method according to claim 6, characterized in that two or more strands (12) are helically wound in the opposite direction.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JP2014502319A|2014-01-30|
    EP2630100A4|2016-07-20|
    ZA201302119B|2014-05-28|
    KR20180132937A|2018-12-12|
    EP2630100A1|2013-08-28|
    CN103180258B|2016-03-16|
    CR20130188A|2013-06-10|
    EA201390458A1|2013-10-30|
    WO2012053901A1|2012-04-26|
    MA34873B1|2014-02-01|
    CA2813703A1|2012-04-26|
    CO6690809A2|2013-06-17|
    AU2011318673A1|2013-04-04|
    AU2011318673B2|2015-02-05|
    KR20140032350A|2014-03-14|
    GEP20156303B|2015-06-25|
    CN103180258A|2013-06-26|
    EA025976B1|2017-02-28|
    HK1184430A1|2014-01-24|
    MY162784A|2017-07-14|
    IL225335D0|2013-06-27|
    US20130239503A1|2013-09-19|
    SG189020A1|2013-05-31|
    PE20151704A1|2015-11-27|
    JP6060083B2|2017-01-11|
    PE20142423A1|2015-01-31|
    DOP2013000088A|2013-08-15|
    IL225335A|2016-12-29|
    CL2013001081A1|2013-10-04|
    BR112013007348A2|2016-07-05|
    KR20210047372A|2021-04-29|
    NO20130401A1|2013-06-17|
    UA109284C2|2015-08-10|
    MX2013004122A|2013-07-17|
    CA2813703C|2020-04-28|
    ECSP13012625A|2013-11-29|
    PE20140444A1|2014-04-21|
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    法律状态:
    2018-04-03| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-05-14| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]|
    2019-11-26| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-03-10| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-03-31| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 21/10/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NO20101485|2010-10-21|
    NO20101485|2010-10-21|
    PCT/NO2011/000300|WO2012053901A1|2010-10-21|2011-10-21|Reinforcement bar and method for manufacturing same|
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