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  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    APPLIANCE SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EFFECTIVE SOLUBILIZATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN WATER USING HIGH ENERGY IMPACT. A method for the effective solubilization of carbon dioxide in water through the use of high energy impacts is disclosed. The method may optionally include mixing carbon dioxide and water to form a dispersed annular flow, accelerating carbon dioxide and water before the collision, providing a retaining network to collect the carbonated water flow. Systems and devices for practicing the disclosed methods are also disclosed.
    公开号:BR112012028330B1
    申请号:R112012028330-8
    申请日:2011-04-24
    公开日:2020-11-10
    发明作者:Giancarlo Fantappiè
    申请人:Eviva Concepts, Inc.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] The present disclosure refers to devices, systems and methods for solubilizing gases in liquids and, in particular, creating carbonated drinks for human consumption. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] Water and carbon dioxide are generally immiscible with water under normal environmental conditions, that is, ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Apparatus and methods are known to produce carbonated water creating conditions under which carbon dioxide will become soluble in water. Generally, carbon dioxide becomes more soluble in water as pressures increase and temperatures decrease.
    [003] The most commercialized devices for carbonating water use carbon dioxide sprayed into a water container; the result obtained with this process is very poor and the carbonation of the water is weak and of short duration. Devices for producing and distributing carbonated drinks in water dispensing units, instead, typically employ a carbonation tank, called a saturator, and a high pressure water pump. Carbonated water is produced by pressurizing the saturation tank with carbon dioxide and filling the tank with cooled water. Due to the high pressures resident in the saturation tank, typically around 482.63 kPa (70 psi), a relatively expensive high pressure water pump is required to inject water into the tank. In addition, under the conditions in the saturation tank, the carbon dioxide takes time to dissolve in the water and obtain a pleasant level of carbonization. Consequently, the saturator is typically large enough to hold a ready supply of carbonated water for distribution and does not create new carbonated water instantly on demand. To maintain this supply, two or more sensors - and associated electronic controls - are used to start the high pressure pump and inject water into the saturator when the carbonated water level in the saturator falls below a set threshold and then stop the water injection when the tank fills to an appropriate level.
    [004] Typical carbonization devices absorb a relatively large amount of space and require expensive and complicated electronic and hydraulic control systems. Due to this complex structure, these devices are noisy, use significant amounts of energy and require frequent maintenance. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [005] The modalities of the disclosed inventions teach efficient and inexpensive methods, devices and systems for the solubilization of carbon dioxide in water.
    [006] In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for solubilizing carbon dioxide in water is taught. The method begins with the injection of water and carbon dioxide into a chamber. There, carbon dioxide and water are mixed to create a dispersed annular flow in the chamber. This flow is then accelerated and directed to collide with a rigid surface, thereby creating sufficient pressure to solubilize the carbon dioxide in the water. The carbonated water is then collected for distribution.
    [007] According to another exemplary modality of the present disclosure, an apparatus is disclosed that can be placed in a water line path to create carbonated water for distribution. Advantageously, the device accepts carbon dioxide and water via an inlet. From there, the flow of carbon dioxide and water is passed through one or more dispersion elements arranged within the conduit to create a dispersed flow. The dispersed flow then passes through a passive accelerator within the conduit, thereby greatly increasing the kinetic energy of the system. The accelerator flow is directed to collide with a rigid impact surface immediately downstream of the passive accelerator. A retention net is provided at the outlet of the device to collect and regulate the flow of carbonated water.
    [008] Other modalities including the advantageous aspects of the disclosed methods, devices and systems are described in the detailed disclosure. All disclosures in this document are simply exemplary and can be readily adapted by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosed and claimed inventions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [009] The attached drawings illustrate several non-limiting aspects, representative in accordance with this disclosure:
    [0010] Figure 1A illustrates a conceptual diagram of an aspect of the methods, systems and devices disclosed.
    [0011] Figure 1B illustrates aspects of the methods, systems and devices disclosed.
    [0012] Figures 2A and 2B are conceptual diagrams illustrating an aspect of the methods, systems and devices disclosed.
    [0013] Figure 3 illustrates a modality of a system for use according to the methods and devices disclosed.
    [0014] Figures 4 and 4a represent a modality of an apparatus for use with the systems and methods disclosed.
    [0015] Figures 5A and 5b are conceptual diagrams illustrating an aspect of the methods, systems and devices disclosed.
    [0016] Figure 6 is a modality of a device for use with the systems and methods disclosed.
    [0017] Figures 7 and 7a represent a modality of an apparatus for use with the systems and methods disclosed.
    [0018] Figures 8 and 8a represent a modality of an apparatus for use with the systems and methods disclosed.
    [0019] Figures 9 and 9a represent a modality of an apparatus for use with the systems and methods disclosed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0020] The apparatus, systems and methods are disclosed in this document for quick and effective solubilization of carbon dioxide in water. In particular, carbonated water is created by the instant transformation of kinetic energy into a localized pressure wave to create a region with an energy density sufficient to solubilize carbon dioxide in water. This can be achieved by using a device that sits in line with the water supply to create a continuous flow of carbonated water.
    [0021] A particularly advantageous aspect of the disclosed method is the solubilization of carbon dioxide in water by colliding a stream of carbon dioxide / water with a rigid surface. Figure 1A shows a conceptual diagram of interactions that occur in an exemplary collision according to the present invention.
    [0022] As shown in figure 1A, a stream of carbon dioxide / water 2 is directed at a rigid surface, such as a wall 1. In collision with the wall, the dynamics of current 2 is suddenly brought to zero creating a zone high energy density and very high local pressure 3. The high pressure created by the collision results in the solubilization of carbon dioxide in water.
    [0023] In pressure zone 3, very large numbers of instantaneous collisions creating solubilization occur between the carbon dioxide / water mixture and the rigid surface; the inlet stream and carbon dioxide and water droplets that jump off the rigid surface (ie, the diffused mixture); and, the diffused mixture and side walls of the conduit carrying the current.
    [0024] The change in dynamics that occurs when the carbon dioxide / water stream collides with the rigid surface results in a force exerted on the stream. Like all exchanges in dynamics, the force applied to create the exchange is a function of the period of time during which they occur. Due to changes in dynamics almost instantly when the carbon dioxide / water stream collides with the rigid wall, the force is exerted in a very short period of time and, as a result, is extremely large.
    [0025] The optimal forces generated in the pressure zone, or the pressure energy densities, that must be obtained in this region for an effective solubilization are in the range of -40 to 5 foot-pounds / cm3. Figure 1B is a graph showing the change in pressure energy density with respect to the velocity of the carbon dioxide / water stream. As the speed of the carbon dioxide / water stream increases, the pressure energy density decreases to compensate for the increase in the kinetic energy density. This increase in the pressure energy density is then converted to increase the collision forces at the gas / liquid interface on the rigid wall 1 and the pressure zone 3.
    [0026] As the mixed carbon dioxide / water stream collides with the rigid wall, the generated collision forces are instantaneous (in time = 0). As time advances continuously (time = ti .... ta), other collision forces are generated between incoming carbon dioxide and water molecules and already solubilized carbon dioxide and water molecules having different directional speeds. The cumulative chain effect is such that the forces act on each segment of the current for a certain amount of time to still unite the two phases with each other as a result of transference in the continuous and instantaneous dynamics; thus, producing carbonated water in which carbon dioxide has been totally and completely solubilized.
    [0027] The structuring of the carbon dioxide / water stream can further improve the solubilization of carbon dioxide as the collision site. Without structures the water / carbon dioxide stream will tend to assume a stratified arrangement with carbon dioxide and water flowing in substantially discrete layers of water 4 and carbon dioxide 7, as shown in figure 2A. These layers inhibit optional solubilization because they provide a limited amount of surface area contact between carbon dioxide and water. This limited contact surface area reduces the opportunities for carbon dioxide to solubilize in water. Structuring the carbon dioxide / water stream to prevent a substantially laminar flow corrects this problem.
    [0028] The general objective of the structuring is to create a dispersed flow of water droplets mixed homogeneously with the carbon dioxide stream in order to increase the total surface area of contact between the two substances. In practice, the flow pattern never becomes completely dispersed and a dispersed annular pattern of water 4 and dispersed water and carbon dioxide 8, as shown conceptually in figure 2B, is created. As shown, the resulting flow will typically have a carbon dioxide core containing dispersed water droplets that is surrounded by a relatively thin layer of water along the channel wall.
    [0029] Any mechanism known in the art to create dispersed annular flows can be adapted to the disclosed methods. For example, this type of flow can be created through stationary mixing elements in the flow path, such as fins protruding from the conduit wall or helical structures aligned axially in the flow path.
    [0030] The solubilization of carbon dioxide in water can be further improved by accelerating the current of carbon dioxide / water before its collision with the rigid wall. Preferably, acceleration is achieved by forcing current through the accelerator. As is well known in the art, passing a fluid flow through a constraint will result in an accelerated flow arising due to the principle of mass conservation. This can be done structurally through a simple orifice or more complex engineered structures, such as a Venturi tube.
    [0031] The accelerator is used to easily increase the kinetic energy of the carbon dioxide / water stream before the collision. Thus, for a given inlet speed and pressure, the energy of the carbon dioxide / water flow will be increased without requiring an expensive pumping apparatus. This increased kinetic energy increases the pressure obtained in the pressure zone, which results in improved solubilization at the collision site because more kinetic energy is dissipated.
    [0032] Acceleration with the restrictor is particularly advantageous when a dispersed flow is accelerated. Passing a dispersed flow through a restriction helps to ensure that carbon dioxide and water are uniformly accelerated, thereby improving stabilization against collision with the rigid surface.
    [0033] After the collision with the rigid surface, the level of carbon dioxide solubilization can be further increased by employing a retention network between the rigid wall and the outlet of the distributor to regulate the flow before distribution. The retention network allows the carbonated water to settle to an acceptable pressure for distribution, for example, 68.95 to 275.79 kPa (10 to 40 psi). The retention network allows a chaotic high pressure flow to pass the rigid surface to collect within a regular continuous flow for distribution.
    [0034] In addition to creating an appropriate flow for distribution, the retention network also improves the carbonization process. Filling the retaining net with fluid helps maintain pressure at the exit from the collision area. This, in turn, results in a higher pressure within the pressure zone. In contrast, a relatively low pressure at the exit of the collision area, such as atmospheric pressure, can allow for a quick release of the pressure construction in the pressure zone through the exit of the collision area.
    [0035] The retention network allows a relatively high pressure to be maintained at the exit of the collision area, which can be gradually reduced to an appropriate pressure to distribute the drink, for example, 68.95 kPa (10 psi).
    [0036] The pressure drop through the retention net depends on the length, width and structure of the net. For example, assuming a constant diameter, increasing the length of the retention net will increase the pressure drop across the retention net. Keeping the diameter of the retention net constant at 0.476 cm (3/16 inch 0.1875 inch) a retention net about 25.4 cm (10 inches) in length will create a pressure drop of around 827.37 kPa (120 psi), assuming a starting pressure of about 1103.16 kpa (160 psi).
    [0037] Although the described high energy wall impact method described above is alone enough to produce carbonated drinks, the combined use of (i) dispersion of flow structuring, (ii) accelerators, and, (iii) a network after each collision operates for a synergistic effect when installed together in series. In other words, adding each step further improves the performance of the method and the output product. The use of a combination of one or more of these steps, preferably all of them, produced a well solubilized mixture of carbon dioxide in water.
    [0038] The disclosed method for producing carbonated water can be further improved by introducing a cooler, for example, a cooler or the like, to reduce the water temperature. The chiller can preferably work to cool the water before it enters the system of flow developers, collision walls, and the retention network, but it can operate so that cooling occurs at any or all locations.
    [0039] The disclosed method can also be further improved by increasing the water flow pressure in the system, for example, using a pump in the flow path or a gravity feed from an elevated water supply. A pump or other pressure enhancer can preferably be positioned before the water is mixed with carbon dioxide by the flow developers. A pump is particularly usable in commercial modes intended to be installed anywhere because the water pressure, especially from municipal water lines, can vary from one location to another. To correct this, a pump can supply a constant pressure to the system. Although the pump can optionally be used, the method disclosed in this document can be performed without a pump.
    [0040] An exemplary system for practicing the disclosed method is shown conceptually in figure 3. The supply of carbon dioxide 10 and the supply of water 20 are supplied simultaneously to the in-line solubilizer 50. The in-line solubilizer 50 is followed by the network of retention 60, which is in turn followed by distributor 70.
    [0041] The supply of carbon dioxide 10 can be incorporated by any known method to supply a gas. A commercially available can of CO2 is preferably used. The supply of carbon dioxide can typically be connected via a regulator 15, which supplies the controlled supply pressure to the in-line solubilizer 50.
    [0042] The system is also powered by water supply 20. This supply can consist of a simple municipal or well water supply. Preferably, the water supply 20 comprises a chiller to cool the water because carbon dioxide solubilizes more readily in colder water.
    [0043] The water supply system 20 also optionally comprises a pump to provide consistent water pressure. As discussed above, the pressure in a typical or commercial domestic water tap can vary from location to location or from time to time. A pump will ensure that the device receives consistent pressure no matter what the local supply pressure is. This same objective of providing consistent supply pressure can be achieved by other known techniques without departing from the scope of the disclosure. For example, an elevated water reservoir may use gravity and appropriately sized water conduits to provide consistent water supply pressure.
    [0044] An exemplary collision chamber modality is shown in figures 4 and 4a. The carbon dioxide and water are brought into contact through an inlet collector in the form of Y 400 which has two inlets, one for a supply of carbon dioxide and the other for a supply of water. In this mode, the two entries are identical and interchangeable. The collector used to introduce carbon dioxide and water into the collision chamber can be of any other suitable arrangement, for example, in the form of T or the form of F. As another example, supplies can be provided by a tube concentric within a tube structure. The Y-shaped collector, or other shapes depending on your need, can also include an initial divider to prevent a current from going into another supply port. In addition, standard backflow preventers can also be used inside the inlets or upstream of the inlets. In addition, the flow of water and carbon dioxide can also be controlled by valves or regulators at the collector inlet.
    [0045] The incoming water pressure affects the flow and pressure through the rest of the system. A minimum pressure of 68.95 kPa (10 psi) is sufficient to obtain satisfactory carbonation and flow rate. A flow rate in the range of 7.6.10-6 m3 / s (0.1 gpm) to 1.1.10-4 (1.5 gpm) is found to be particularly advantageous, but even higher flow rates are also acceptable .
    [0046] Carbon dioxide is supplied at a pressure between 310.26 kPa and 861.84 kPa (45 psi and 125 psi). Preferably, the pressure of carbon dioxide supplied to the inlet manifold in the form of Y is maintained close to the pressure of the water supplied to the inlet manifold Y.
    [0047] In the form of figures 4 and 4a, flow developers 420 are provided within the flow path after the inlet collector. Flow developers are used to prevent stratified, or laminar, carbon dioxide / water flow. Instead, flow developers create a substantially dispersed flow, typically a dispersed annular flow. The embodiment of figures 4 and 4a uses passive flow developers comprised of helically shaped elements 520, shown in detail in multiple views in figure 5A. Other passive directional mixers capable of dispersing the flow of carbon dioxide and water may also be suitable, such as projections from the conduit wall. Alternatively, active mixers, such as rotating blades, can be used. As shown in figures 4 and 4a, the flow developing elements 420 can be arranged in series to obtain the desired level of dispersion. Flow disclosure elements can similarly be used in combinations of different types, including mixed passive and active elements.
    [0048] The dispersed stream of carbon dioxide / water is then accelerated by forcing it through a restrictor / accelerator 430. As is well known in the art, passing a fluid flow through a restriction will result in an accelerator flow, which arises due to the principle of mass conservation. The restrictor / accelerator is used to easily increase the kinetic energy of the carbon dioxide / water stream before the collision. Thus, for a given inlet speed and pressure, the energy from the carbon dioxide / water flow out of the restrictor / accelerator will be increased without requiring an expensive pumping apparatus.
    [0049] This increased kinetic energy results in a higher dynamic exchange upon impact with the collision surface 450, thereby increasing the pressure obtained in the pressure zone, which results in improved solubilization at the collision site. The restrictor / accelerator 430 is a simple orifice. However, more complex engineered structures, such as a Venturi tube, can also be employed.
    [0050] For a structure that has an A1 area in conduit cross section and an A2 area in restriction cross section, the total dynamics, energy and mass are conserved and the conserved equations for the carbon dioxide / water stream can be written as: Mass:

    [0051] It has been observed that good levels of carbonation are obtained when the small restrictor / accelerator is designed so that the velocity of the incoming carbon dioxide / water stream is accelerated from one to 100 times its original speed through a small passage.
    [0052] The average speed for circular geometry, as for this device, can be derived as:

    [0053] In the equations above: mtot = total mass of the carbon dioxide / water mixture Ptot = total dynamics of the carbon dioxide / water mixture Ktot = total kinetic energy of the carbon dioxide / water mixture Ztot = total potential energy of the carbon dioxide / water mixture Htot = total helmholtz (free energy) of the carbon dioxide / water mixture P = density A = cross section R = radius -F = a vector representing the net strength of the solid surfaces in the mixture and the forces collision pressure p = pressure G = free Gibbs energy W = rate at which the system performs mechanical work Ev = energy loss
    [0054] When the carbon dioxide / water stream flows through the restriction, such as an orifice, there is a certain amount of energy loss (Ev). Assuming a quasi-stable flow, the energy loss can be derived as:

    [0055] In the above equation, Cv is the loss coefficient which is a function of the Reynold number and refers to the effectiveness of the smooth flow transition from the upstream to the restricted flow area. Many tabulated data are available to those skilled in the art to estimate the loss coefficient for different geometric considerations. For a sudden contraction or convergent constraint, the loss coefficient can be calculated as: ev = 0.45 (1-β)
    [0056] And for a hole with sharp edges:

    [0057] Where β = is the ratio of the restricted area to the area before the restriction
    [0058] It has been observed that acceptable solubilization in accordance with this disclosure is obtained with a sudden contraction or convergent constraint when it is designed to have a loss coefficient between 0.1 and 0.44, preferably about 0.41. For a sharp-edged orifice such as a restrictor / accelerator 430 in figures 4 and 4a, acceptable solubilization occurs with a loss coefficient greater than 10, preferably 60.
    [0059] In addition, the size of the restrictions may vary to obtain high quality carbonated water. The ratio of the entrance radius to the radius of the contracted area is optimally designed to be in the range between 1 (no restriction) and 20 (maximum restriction).
    [0060] In the vicinity of the current lines of carbon dioxide movement surrounded by water passing the restrictions, each acquires a certain amount of domain and related kinetic energy. These current lines, in turn, give some of their dominance to the adjacent layer of solution that causes them to remain in motion and still accelerate in the direction of flow. The domain flow, in this case, is in the direction of the negative velocity gradient. In other words, the domain tends to go in the direction of decreasing speed; thus, the speed gradient can be considered as the driving force to transport the domain.
    [0061] When the carbon dioxide / water mixture is flowing through a narrow passage (example: the orifice) parallel to the surfaces, the speed of the mixture in the direction of flow decreases as it approaches the surfaces. This difference in speed between adjacent layers of carbon dioxide and water results in a speed gradient. By random molecule diffusion that occurs between layers of faster-moving molecules and the slower adjacent layer, the domain is transferred in the transverse direction within the narrow passage from the fastest-moving layer to the slowest.
    [0062] After leaving the restrictor / accelerator 430, the accelerated current of the carbon dioxide / water mixture, having reached a much higher kinetic energy, collides with the stationary solid wall 450. The solid wall 450 can be of any shape or structure, preferably the wall is placed perpendicular to the carbon dioxide / water stream. The wall should be placed close enough to the accelerator restrictor so that the increased kinetic energy obtained is not substantially lost due to frictional forces before reaching the wall 450. It has been found that acceptable results are obtained if the solid wall 450 is placed approximately 0.254 cm to 5.08 cm (0.1 inch to 2.0 inches) from the restrictor / accelerator, preferably 1.27 cm (0.5 inch).
    [0063] It was found that liquid forces generated through collisions with the wall, that is, the pressure energy densities ("PED") in the pressure zone, between a range of -40 foot-pounds / cm3 to 5 feet -libra / cm3 produce acceptable solubilization. These forces can be created by adjusting the relative relationships of the restrictor / accelerator geometries, the conduit, the level of mixture obtained, and the starting pressure of the incoming carbon dioxide / water streams.
    [0064] In an embodiment, such as that shown in figures 4 and 4a, a flow rate of 3.8.10 5 m3 / s (0.5 gpm), inlet radius of 0.927 cm (0.365 inch), orifice area 0.102 cm (0.04 inch) (contraction ratio of 8.63), where the input speed of 0.13 m / s (5.15 in / s) is accelerated 74 times to 9.73 m / s (382.97 in / s), the corresponding PED values as a function of the inlet water / CO2 pressure are shown in the table below:

    [0065] In addition, the PED can vary with respect to the flow rate of the carbon dioxide / water stream, maintaining an optimal, constant inlet pressure at 689.48 kPa (100 psi) and doubling the contraction ratio in the example above as shown in the table below. As can be seen in the table, PED is a strong function of flow rate.

    [0066] The wall 450 also has exit passages 455 to allow another flow through the system. As shown in figures 4 and 4a, this still connects to the entrance of the retention net 460. The retention net can simply be a flat conduit. The retention net 460 of figures 4 and 4a consists of static helical mixers 465. Other types of packaging materials, such as Raschig rings, can also be used. In addition, any of the static or active mixing elements as appropriate to create a dispersed flow can be put to use in the retention network to further improve the contact and solubilization of CO2 in water.
    [0067] The length and configuration of the retention net and the size of the packaging materials within the retention net can be modified to obtain different levels of carbonation to distribute carbonated water with different levels of solubilization. Generally, longer retention nets, preferably up to 25.4 cm (10 inches), increase the solubilization level giving more time for mixing contact between carbon dioxide and water in the fluid stream. Longer retention networks also increase the pressure of the exit passages of the collision chamber 455, which increases the pressure inside the collision chamber and stabilizes the total flow rate.
    [0068] The length and composition of the retention net can also be used to obtain a desired pressure at the outlet of the retention net, which is preferably connected to the tap of the drink dispenser. For a retention network comprising static helical mixers, the pressure drop can be calculated as:

    [0069] Where: k'0L and koL are Reynolds number-dependent constants (Re) that are generally in the range of 0.02-0.1 and 3-12, respectively, with particular values being readily available in graphs pre-tabulated versus Reynolds number L = length of helical mixers D = diameter Re = Reynoldt number
    [0070] As can be seen from the equation above, the pressure drop obtained through the retention network is directly proportional to the relationship between length and diameter ("L / D"). Therefore, similar pressure drops, flow and mixing characteristics can be obtained by changing either the length or diameter, or both, of the retention network. The packaging materials also affect the pressure drop obtained. Generally, larger packing materials and longer retaining nets increase the pressure drop.
    [0071] Figure 6 shows an alternative modality with the inlet collector 600 having two inlets, one for a carbon dioxide supply and the other for the water supply, an inlet chamber preferably having a size of 345 (the values provided give the relative sizes of the various components, so no units are provided). Two stages of 620 mixers act as flow developers to create a dispersed annular flow; alternative views of flow developers 525 are shown in figure 5B. The restrictor / accelerator 630 is a simple orifice having a size of 4. The exit of the restrictor / accelerator leads to the collision chamber 635, which is 250 in length. The rear wall of the collision chamber is the collision surface 650, having outlets 655. Outlets 655 lead to the start of the retention network 660, which contains static helical mixers 665.
    [0072] Figures 7 and 7a show another modality with the inlet collector 700 having two inlets, one for the supply of carbon dioxide and the other for the supply of water. Flow development and acceleration is accomplished through two hourglass restrictor / accelerator stages 735 and 736. As shown, the 735 restrictor / accelerator uses two of the hourglass nozzles. Additional nozzles like this can be used in other modes, and even more nozzles can be used if space allows. The currents coming out of the nozzles 735 are directed to the rigid surface adjacent to the inlet of the nozzle 736. Consequently, this structure creates a first level of solubilization based on the collision. In addition, in acceleration through the nozzle 736, the current is impacted on the collision surface 750, having outlets 755. The accelerations and collisions of multiple stages, as is done in this modality, can also be applied to other modalities. The collision surface 750 has exits 755.
    [0073] Figures 8 and 8a show an alternative modality with the inlet collector 800 having two inlets, one for the supply of carbon dioxide the other for the supply of water. Flow development and acceleration are accomplished through two stages of flow development restrictors / accelerators 835 and 836. As shown, the front wall of the flow development restrictor / accelerator 835 has side passages, each leading to an hourglass-shaped accelerator nozzle. The outlet currents from the nozzles impact the front wall of the flow development restrictor / accelerator 836, which is similarly shaped and has similarly two walls. The flow from these nozzles is directed to the rigid surface adjacent to the inlet of the nozzle 837, which accelerates the flow again to impact on the collision surface 850, having the inlets 855.
    [0074] Figures 9 and 9a show an alternative modality with the inlet collector 900 having two inlets, one for the supply of carbon dioxide and the other for the supply of water. Two stages of 920 helical mixers act as flow developers. The 930 restrictor / accelerator is a simple orifice. The exit of the restrictor / accelerator leads to the collision chamber 935, in which the current is collided with a knife-like blade 950. The knife-like blade 950 creates collisions of currents that rotate outside the blade creating vortices and cavitations, which create zones high-pressure systems that can be solubilized. The blade can be stable or, preferably, it can be flexibly designed to resonate with collisions, thereby creating intense pressure points in the resonance focus.
    [0075] The entirety of this disclosure (including the Cover Page, Title, Headings, Field, Background, Summary, Brief Description of the Drawings, Detailed Description, Claims, Summary, Figures, and otherwise) shows by way of illustration several modalities in which the claimed inventions can be practiced. The advantages and characteristics of the disclosure are of a representative sample of modalities only, and should not be exhaustive and / or exclusive. They are presented only to assist in understanding and teaching the claimed principles. It should be understood that they are not representative of all claimed inventions. As such, certain aspects of disclosure have not been discussed in this document. That the alternative modalities may not have been presented for a specific portion of the invention or that the subscribed alternative modalities may be available for a portion should not be considered a disapproval of these alternative modalities.
    [0076] It will be appreciated that many of these subscribed modalities incorporate the same principles of the invention and others are equivalent. Thus, it should be understood that other modalities can be used, and functional, logical, organizational, structural changes can be made without leaving the scope and / or spirit of the disclosure. As such, all examples and / or modalities are considered non-limiting throughout this disclosure. Also, no interference should be extracted with respect to the modalities discussed in this document in relation to those not discussed in this document that are not as such for the purpose of reducing space and repetition.
    [0077] In addition, the disclosure includes other inventions not currently claimed. The applicant reserves all rights in the currently unclaimed inventions including the right to claim such inventions, additional filing requests, continuations, part continuations, divisions and / or the like. As such, it should be understood that advantages, modalities, examples, functional characteristics and / or other aspects of the disclosure should not be considered as limitations in the disclosure as defined by the claims or limitations in equivalents to the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [0001]
    1. An apparatus for solubilizing carbon dioxide in water comprising: a conduit; an inlet, the inlet comprising an inlet manifold (400; 600; 700; 800; 900) with two coils for supplying carbon dioxide and water, to a flow path at the proximal end of the conduit; and a retention network (460; 660) connected to the distal end of the conduit, characterized by the fact that the apparatus also comprises: one or more dispersion elements (420; 520; 620; 920) arranged inside a conduit, for creation a dispersed flow; a passive accelerator (430; 630; 735, 736; 835, 836, 837; 930) inside the conduit, to accelerate the dispersed flow; a rigid impact surface (450; 650; 750; 850; 950) located between 0.25 cm (0.1 inches) and 5.08 cm (2.0 inches) of the passive accelerator (430; 630; 735, 736 ; 835, 836, 837; 930), for the accelerated dispersed flow to collide with each other to create sufficient pressure to solubilize carbon dioxide in water.
    [0002]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the inlet (400; 600; 700; 800; 900) comprises a Y-shaped connector with a supply of carbon dioxide in an inlet shaped connector Y and a water supply on the other Y-shaped input connector.
    [0003]
    Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispersion elements (420; 520; 620; 920) comprise static helical mixers (465; 655), or optionally, in which the dispersion elements (420 ; 520; 620; 920) comprise static directional mixers, or optionally, wherein the dispersion elements (420; 520; 620; 920) comprise both a static helical mixer (465; 655) and a static directional mixer.
    [0004]
    4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the passive accelerator (430; 630; 735, 736; 835, 836, 837; 930) is a cylindrical orifice, or optionally, in which the passive accelerator ( 430; 630; 735, 736; 835, 836, 837; 930) is an hourglass-shaped mouthpiece, or optionally, where the passive accelerator (430; 630; 735, 736; 835, 836, 837; 930) is a Venturi tube.
    [0005]
    5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the rigid impact surface (450; 650; 750; 850; 950) is a knife-like blade, or optionally, in which the retaining net (460 ; 660) comprises static mixers, or optionally, further comprising a distributor on the distal end of the retention network (460; 660).
    [0006]
    6. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the passive accelerator (430; 630; 735, 736; 835, 836, 837; 930) is a restriction.
    [0007]
    7. Apparatus, according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the ratio of the area in cross section of a portion of the conduit (400; 600; 700; 800; 900) immediately preceding the restriction compared to the area in cross section of the restriction is such that it will accelerate the speed of a fluid flow inside the conduit (400; 600; 700; 800; 900) up to 100 times
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    BR112012028330B1|2020-11-10|apparatus for solubilizing carbon dioxide in water
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    法律状态:
    2018-05-15| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: APIQE INC. (US) |
    2018-05-22| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2018-05-29| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: EVIVA CONCEPTS, INC. (US) |
    2018-07-17| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: EVIVA CONCEPTS, INC. (US) |
    2019-02-19| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]|
    2019-10-15| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Free format text: A CLASSIFICACAO ANTERIOR ERA: C01B 31/00 Ipc: C01B 32/50 (2017.01), B01F 3/04 (1968.09) |
    2019-10-22| B07A| Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-03-10| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
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    US12/772,641|US8567767B2|2010-05-03|2010-05-03|Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact|
    US12/772,641|2010-05-03|
    PCT/US2011/033709|WO2011139614A2|2010-05-03|2011-04-24|Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact|
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