![]() drilling drill
专利摘要:
Drill bit The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming a well hole in a formation that may include a drill body (11) and a sensor (30) in the drill body (11). the sensor (30) can include at least one cutting element (25a) and can be configured to generate information regarding a parameter of interest when the drill bit (10) engages a well hole surface. 公开号:BR112012027429B1 申请号:R112012027429 申请日:2011-04-26 公开日:2020-01-21 发明作者:Digiovanni Anthony;Scott Dan;John Hendrik;Kumar Sunil 申请人:Baker Hughes Inc; IPC主号:
专利说明:
Descriptive Report of the Invention Patent for DRILLING DRILL. BACKGROUND OF THE DESCRIPTION 1. Description field [0001] The description included here refers, in general, to the field of cutters used to form well holes. 2. Background of the technique [0002] Well holes are usually formed in a formation of interest using a drill chain, which includes a downhole assembly (BHA), with a drill bit attached to the bottom end of the well. The drill bit is rotated to disintegrate the earth formations to drill the well hole. Information regarding the status of the BHA / drill bit and the formation around the well hole being drilled can be useful in the efficient and cost-effective construction of a well. For example, knowledge of the drilling dynamics affecting the drill bit can be used to adjust the drill parameters (for example, drill weight or RPM) or to evaluate the effectiveness of the drill bit's cutting action. Information regarding training can be useful to characterize the lithology of a training or to identify the characteristics of interest (for example, the limits of the bed). [0003] This description is aimed at obtaining information related to the drill bit and training, as well as other information that can be used to improve drilling operations. SUMMARY OF DESCRIPTION [0004] In aspects, the present description provides an apparatus for forming a well hole in a formation. The apparatus may include a drill body and a sensor in the drill body. Petition 870190080809, of 8/20/2019, p. 5/19 2/8 The sensor can include at least one cutting element and can be configured to generate information regarding a parameter of interest when the drill bit engages a surface of the well hole. [0005] Examples of the most important characteristics of the description have been summarized rather than expanded, so that the detailed description of the following can be better understood and so that the contributions they represent to the technique can be appreciated. There are, of course, additional features of the description, which will be described below and which will form the subject of the claims appended hereto. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0006] For a detailed understanding of the present description, reference should be made to the following detailed description of the modalities, taken in conjunction with the attached drawings, in which similar elements were assigned equal numbers, where: [0007] A figure 1 illustrates a sectional view of an embodiment of a cutting tool made in accordance with the present description; [0008] Figure 2 schematically illustrates a cutting element having a sensor element according to an embodiment of the present description; [0009] Figure 3 schematically illustrates a cutting element that has a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present description; [00010] Figure 4 schematically illustrates a cutting element that has a pressure sensor element according to an embodiment of the present description; [00011] Figure 5 schematically illustrates a resistivity detection device used with two cutting elements according to one embodiment of the present description, and Petition 870190080809, of 8/20/2019, p. 6/19 3/8 [00012] Figure 6 isometrically illustrates a drill bit instrumented by PDC according to an embodiment of the present description. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE [00013] In aspects, this description provides a drill bit that assesses the formation to be drilled and / or measures one or more parameters of drilling dynamics. The information obtained through the drill bit can be used to characterize the formation, monitor the drill bit health or condition, and / or adjust the drill parameters to optimize the drill (for example, increase the penetration rate (ROP) ), reduce unfavorable vibrations, etc.). Simply for ease of explanation, a tricone drill bit is referred to in the discussion below. However, it should be understood that the term drill bit encompasses all types of drill bits; for example, drag drills, PCD drills, hybrid drills, gin drills, countersinks, hole openers, etc. [00014] Referring to figure 1, an exemplary drill bit 10 has a drill body 11 which has three dependent legs, although only one is shown. Each leg of the drill body 11 has a support pin 13 that extends downward and inward in the direction of the rotation axis of the drill 10. A cone is mounted at 23 and rotates with respect to the support pin 13. The cone 23 has a plurality of cutting elements 25, which in this embodiment are shown as pressure-mounted tungsten carbide inserts in slot holes in cone 23. To facilitate the discussion, representative cutting elements have been labeled 25A-D. As will be described in more detail below, the cutting elements 25 and / or the drill body 11 can be instrumented with sensors that come from Petition 870190080809, of 8/20/2019, p. 7/19 4/8 information related to the drill bit 10 and / or the surrounding formation. [00015] Referring now to figures 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the sensor 30 can include the cutting element 25A which can be operatively connected to a sensor element 31. By operatively coupled, it generally means that a condition, behavior, or response relative to the cutting element 25A can be directly or indirectly transferred or detected by the sensor element 31. Operative couplings may include, but are not limited to, electrical couplings, in which an electrical circuit is formed using the cutting element 25A and the element sensor 31 and dynamic couplings in which the movement or displacement of the cutting element 25A is transferred in some way to the sensor element 31. In some embodiments, the sensor element 31 can be formed at least partially of a material that can generate a signal in response to a condition of the cutting element 25A. For example, the material that constitutes the sensing element 31 can generate a signal when a joint interaction or action between the cutting element 25A and the sensing element 31 causes a change in one or more properties of the material (volume, shape, deformation, elasticity, etc.) Suitable materials include, but are not limited to, electroreological material (ER), which are sensitive to electric current, magnetoreological fluids (MR) which are sensitive to a magnetic field, piezoelectric materials which are sensitive to current electrical, electro-sensitive polymers, flexible piezoelectric fibers and materials, and magneto-restrictive materials. The generated signal (s) may correspond to a downhole parameter of interest related to formation 15 and / or drill bit 11. Illustrative downhole parameters include, but are not limited to, are limited to, effort, weight on the drill (WOB), vibration, moment of Petition 870190080809, of 8/20/2019, p. 8/19 5/8 flexion, torque, pressure, temperature, resistivity, permeability, porosity, etc. [00016] A sensor modality 30 is shown in figure 2, which includes a cutting element 25A that can be dynamically coupled to a sensor element 31. The sensor 30 can be placed in a pocket 26 or cavity. In one embodiment, sensor 30 may include a material that exhibits a change in a material property. This change can be measured to estimate parameters such as pressure, temperature, voltage, etc. During operation, the cutting element 25A engages a surface of the well hole, such as a well bottom 17. The sensor element 31 responds to a displacement, movement or condition of the cutting element 25A by generating a representative signal. . [00017] Referring now to figure 3, in some embodiments, sensor 30 may include a detection element 31 that exhibits a change in an electrical property. A control circuit 32 in operative communication with the detection element 31. The control circuit 32 can be configured to estimate an electrical parameter (for example, voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, etc.), a magnetic parameter, or another parameter associated with the material 30. For example, in response to an applied pressure, the material can deform, which can produce information corresponding to the deformation in the form of an electromagnetic signal. The control circuit 32 can store the information in a suitable downhole memory (not shown) and / or transmit the information over the well. [00018] Referring now to figure 4, in one embodiment, the cutting element 25b can be operatively connected to a sensor element 34, which generates a signal representative of a pressure applied to the cutting element 25b. The pressure may be due to the weight on the Petition 870190080809, of 8/20/2019, p. 9/19 6/8 drill. The sensor element 34 can be in communication with a pressure transfer material 36. The pressure transfer material 36 can be a solid that is a part of the cutting element 25b, a gel or a liquid. In some embodiments, the sensor element 34 can be a deformation sensor that generates a signal indicative of a change in the length of a detection element associated with the deformation sensor. The sensor 34 can be calibrated to generate a signal that can be processed to estimate the pressure (for example, the contact pressure) between the cutting element 25b and the formation. [00019] Referring now to figures 1 and 5, in one embodiment, the sensor 30 can use cutting elements 25c, d electrically coupled to a control circuit 32 to calculate a formation parameter, such as resistivity. For example, each cutting element 25c, d can be in electrical communication with a control circuit 32 (figure 3) configured to estimate the resistance of the material that constitutes the formation in contact with the cutting elements 25c, d. In this embodiment, the cutting elements 25c, d can function as electrodes. During operation, current flows through the material between the cutting elements 25c, d. The control circuit 32 can be configured to estimate a resistivity or other electrical parameter of the material between the cutting elements 25c, d. [00020] In still other embodiments, the drill bit 10 can include a sensor 30, which includes a signal generator 40 and a receiver 42. The signal generator 40 directs a signal to the formation and the receiver 42 detects a response from the formation. The answer can be a reflected signal, a radioactive decay, etc. In one embodiment, signal generator 40 may be an acoustic source. The signal generator 40 can use the cutting element 25b, as a focus element or waveguide or to direct the acoustic signal or other energy waveform for formation. The receiver 42 can detect the reflections of the Petition 870190080809, of 8/20/2019, p. 10/19 7/8 acoustic signals. In other modalities, the signal can be radiation, an NMR signal, an electromagnetic signal, a microwave. [00021] Numerous systems can be used to transmit signals and receive signals from the sensors and devices described above. For example, referring to figure 1, the drill bit 10 can include an information acquisition system 50, which can include a controller 52 and communication devices 54 which are used to operate the sensors and other devices described above. Controller 52 may include an information processing device. Information processing device, as used herein, means any device that transmits, receives, manipulates, converts, calculates, modulates, transposes, transports, stores or otherwise uses information. In various non-limiting aspects of the description, an information processing device may include a computer or microprocessor that executes programmed instructions. The communication device 54 can use means of signal transmission based on RF, acoustic, pressure pulses, EM, etc. [00022] Referring to figure 6, a compact polycrystalline diamond (PDC) drill bit 60 is shown. The drill bit 60 may include one or more sensors and devices described in relation to Figs. 1-5 above. In this embodiment, an information acquisition system 62 can include a controller in communication with one or more sensors (not shown) on the drill bit 60. The controller, which can process information and transmit / receive signals, can use signal carriers 64 to transmit / receive data from sensors and / or to transmit / receive data from a BHA (not shown) or on the surface. The controller may include an information processor which is the transmission of data with a data storage medium and processor memory. The data storage medium can be any Petition 870190080809, of 8/20/2019, p. 11/19 8/8 standard computer data storage device, such as a USB drive, memory card, hard drive, removable RAM, EPROMs, EAROMs, flash memories and optical discs or other general-purpose storage memory system known to a common expert in the art, including Internet-based storage. The data storage medium can store one or more programs that, when executed, cause the information processor to execute the described method (s). 'Information' can be given in any form and can be raw and / or processed, for example, direct measures, indirect measures, analog signal, digital signals, etc. [00023] It should be understood that the present teachings can be used in almost all situations in which it is desirable to evaluate a cutting action dynamic and / or to characterize a material in which the cutters penetrate. For example, some devices can be used to enlarge a hole formed by the primary drill bit, such as the drill bits shown in figures 1 and 6. Such hole widening devices include reamers and underreamers that enlarge holes drilled by a primary drill. In addition, the present teachings can be applied to other cutters, such as cutters used in coating drilling systems, and cutters used for cutting materials other than stone and earth, such as metal, composites, etc. [00024] Although the previous description is directed to the description modalities, several modifications will be evident to those skilled in the art. All variations within the scope of the appended claims are intended to be encompassed by the above description.
权利要求:
Claims (12) [1] 1. Drill bit (10), characterized by the fact that it comprises: a drill body (11); and a sensor (30) in the drill body (11), the sensor (30) including at least one cutting element (25A) and a sensor element (31) operatively coupled to at least one cutting element (25A), the sensor (30) being configured to generate information related to at least one parameter of interest when the at least one cutting element (25A) engages a well hole surface, in which the sensor element (31) is dynamically coupled to at least a cutting element (25A), and the sensor (30) generates information relating to at least one of the following: the pressure associated with the drill bit (10), a voltage associated with the drill bit (10) and the temperature of the drill. [2] 2. Drill bit (10) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the sensor (30) generates information related in addition to one of the following: a formation parameter, the temperature of a surrounding environment and vibration. [3] 3. Drill bit (10) according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the at least one cutting element (25A) comprises at least two cutting elements, and where the additional parameter is a material formation parameter between the at least two cutting elements. [4] Drill bit (10) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the sensor (30) includes a signal generator (40) transmitting a signal, and in which the sensor (30) generates a signal indicative of a formation response to the transmitted signal. [5] 5. Drill bit (10) according to any Petition 870190080809, of 8/20/2019, p. 13/19 2/3 of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that the sensor element (31) exhibits a change in material property that can be measured to estimate pressure, temperature or stress, optionally in which the sensor element (31) responds displacement, movement or condition of at least one cutting element (25A), by generating a representative signal when at least one cutting element (25A) engages a well hole surface. [6] 6. Drill bit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the sensor (30) is configured to generate information relating to at least one of the following: pressure, tension and temperature of at least one of the cutting elements (25A) of the drill bit (10). [7] Drill bit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally comprises a circuit in the drill body (11) configured to at least partially process signals from the sensor (30). [8] Drill bit (10) according to any one of claims 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that it comprises: a controller configured to operate the sensor (30); and a communication device configured to provide a communication signal between the controller and the sensor (30). [9] 9. Drill bit (10) according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the sensor (30) generates information relating to one of the following: a formation parameter, surrounding environment temperature and vibration. [10] 10. Drill bit (10) according to claim Petition 870190080809, of 8/20/2019, p. 14/19 3/3 9, characterized by the fact that the at least one cutting element (25A) comprises at least two cutting elements, and in which the parameter is the material formation parameter between the at least two cutting elements. [11] Drill bit (10) according to claim 2 or 9, characterized in that it further comprises a signal generator (40) configured for transmitting a signal to a formation, and a receiver (42) configured to generate a signal indicative of a formation response to the transmitted signal. [12] Drill bit (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises a circuit in the drill body (11) configured to at least partially process signals from the sensor (30).
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法律状态:
2018-12-26| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law| 2019-06-25| B06T| Formal requirements before examination| 2019-12-03| B09A| Decision: intention to grant| 2020-01-21| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 26/04/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 US32878210P| true| 2010-04-28|2010-04-28| US40811910P| true| 2010-10-29|2010-10-29| US40810610P| true| 2010-10-29|2010-10-29| US40814410P| true| 2010-10-29|2010-10-29| PCT/US2011/033957|WO2011139696A2|2010-04-28|2011-04-26|At-bit evaluation of formation parameters and drilling parameters| 相关专利
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