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    steel sheet for oriented granulation electric purposes and method to produce it. The present invention relates to a method for producing a steel sheet for oriented granulation electric purposes, grooves each of a certain length and extending in a direction including a peperndicular direction to a sheet transport direction. granulated steels, are formed at certain intervals in the transport direction by irradiating the surface of the steered grain sheet with a laser beam while scanning the surface of the steely sheet beam-oriented electric granulation furthermore, in the method for manufacturing a steel sheet for oriented granulation electric purposes, the laser beam is a continuous wave laser beam having a laser wavelength from 1.0 <109> to 2.1 < 109>, the power density pd [w / mm²] that is obtained by dividing the laser beam intensity p by a focused beam area is 5 x 10 <sym> w / mm² or more, and the power density pd [w / mm²] and the sweep velocity v [mm / s] of a laser beam focal point on the surface of the steel sheet for oriented granulation purposes satisfy a ratio of 0.005 x pd + <sym> v <sym> 0.005 x pd + 40,000.
    公开号:BR112012024448B1
    申请号:R112012024448-5
    申请日:2011-03-29
    公开日:2018-06-05
    发明作者:Sakai Tatsuhiko；Hamamura Hideyuki
    申请人:Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) Title: ORIENTED GRAIN ELECTRIC STEEL SHEET AND METHOD TO PRODUCE THE SAME (51) Int.CI .: C21D 8/12; B23K 26/00 (30) Unionist Priority: 01/04/2010 JP 2010-085457 (73) Holder (s): NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL CORPORATION (72) Inventor (s): TATSUHIKO SAKAI; HIDEYUKI HAMAMURA
    1/34
    Descriptive Report of the Invention Patent for ORIENTED GRAIN ELECTRIC STEEL SHEET AND METHOD TO PRODUCE THE SAME.
    Field of the Invention [001] The present invention relates to an electrical grain-oriented steel sheet that is used in an iron core material or something like a winding transformer, and a method for producing the sheet grain-oriented electric steel. In particular, the present invention relates to a sheet of oriented grain electric steel in which the loss in iron is reduced by forming grooves on the surface of the same by means of laser beam machining, and a method for the manufacture of electric grain oriented steel sheet.
    [002] The priority is claimed in Japanese patent application no. 2010-85457 filed on April 1, 2010, the content of which is incorporated herein by way of reference.
    Description of Related Art [003] A grain-oriented electric steel sheet is a sheet of steel for electrical purposes containing Si and in which an easily magnetizing axis (a cubic crystal (100) <001>) of a crystal grain of the it is more or less aligned with a rolling direction in a manufacturing process. This sheet of oriented grain electric steel has a structure in which the magnetic domains of a plurality of magnetic domains in which the magnetization is directed in the direction of the lamination are arranged with a domain wall interspersed between them, and many of these domain walls they are 180 degree domain walls. The magnetic domain of this steel sheet for electrical purposes of oriented granulation is called the magnetic domain of 180 degrees and the electrical grain-oriented steel sheet is easily magnetized in the rolling direction. For this reason, in
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 15/54
    2/34 a certain relatively small magnetizing force, the density of the magnetic flux is high and the loss in iron is low. Therefore, the grain-oriented electric steel sheet is quite excellent as an iron core material for a transformer. As a parameter of iron loss, W17 / 50 [W / kg] is generally used. W17 / 50 is a value of the loss in iron that is generated in a sheet of oriented grain electric steel when the excitation of the alternating current is carried out in such a way that the maximum magnetic flux density becomes 1.7 T at a frequency 50 Hz. If W17 / 50 is reduced, a more efficient transformer can be manufactured.
    [004] A normal method for producing an electric grain-oriented steel sheet will be described schematically below. A hot-rolled silicon steel sheet (a hot-rolled sheet) containing a certain amount of Si is adjusted to a desired thickness of the sheet by means of annealing and cold rolling. Then, the silicon steel sheet is annealed in a continuous annealing furnace, whereby a primary recrystallization (grain size: 20 pm to 30 pm) is carried out together with decarburization and stress relief. Subsequently, a coating containing MgO as a main chemical component is applied to the surface of the steel sheet to silicon (hereinafter sometimes referred to simply as a steel sheet), the steel sheet is wound into a coil shape (a shape external is a cylindrical shape), the discontinuous annealing of about 20 hours is carried out at a high temperature of about 1200Ό, thus forming a secondary recrystallization texture in the steel sheet, and a glass film is formed on the surface of the steel sheet.
    [005] At that moment, since an inhibitor such as MnS or AlN, for example, is contained in the steel sheet, a so-called Goss grain in which a rolling direction and an easily magnetizing axisPetition 870170098786, from 18/12 / 2017, p. 16/54
    3/34 tion conform to each other is preferably subject to crystal growth. As a consequence of this, a sheet of electric grain oriented steel which has a high crystal orientation (orientation) after secondary annealing is obtained. After secondary annealing, the coil is unwound, and the steel sheet is transported continuously to a separate annealing furnace, whereby annealing with planing is carried out, thereby eliminating unnecessary stress on the steel sheet. In addition, the coating to provide tension and electrical insulation to the surface of the steel sheet is performed, so that a grain-oriented electric steel sheet is manufactured.
    [006] In the grain-oriented electric steel sheet manufactured through such a process, even if an additional treatment is not carried out, the loss in the iron is low. However, if deformation more or less perpendicular to a rolling direction (a transport direction) and with a constant period (a regular interval) is provided, the loss in iron is further reduced. In this case, a 90-degree magnetic domain in which the lamination direction and magnetization are orthogonal to each other is formed by local deformation and a more or less rectangular 180-degree magnetic domain domain wall is narrow (the width of a 180-degree magnetic domain becomes small) with magnetostatic energy from the 90-degree magnetic domain as a source. Since the loss in iron (W17 / 50) has a positive correlation with the 180 degree gap between the domain walls, the loss in iron is reduced based on this principle.
    [007] For example, as indicated in Patent Citation 1, a method of providing deformation to a steel sheet by laser irradiation has already been put to practical use. Similarly, if a groove that has a depth in the range of 10 pm to 30 pm is formed
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 17/54
    4/34 more or less perpendicular to a rolling direction of a grain-oriented electric steel sheet and at a constant period, the loss in iron is reduced. This is because a magnetic pole is generated at the periphery of the groove due to a change in permeability in an empty space in the groove and the 180-degree gap between domain walls becomes narrow with the magnetic pole as a source, so that the loss in iron is improved. As a method of forming a groove, there is a method of forming a groove on a cold-rolled sheet when using chemical reagent attack, as indicated in Patent Citation 2, a method of mechanical compression of a matrix that has a tooth shape as a cold-rolled sheet, as indicated in Patent Citation 3, or in a method of melting and evaporating a steel sheet (a part irradiated with laser) by laser irradiation, as indicated in the Patent Citation 4. [008] Incidentally, power transformers are more or less divided into laminated transformers and winding transformers. Laminated transformers are manufactured by laminating and fixing a plurality of steel sheets for electrical purposes. On the other hand, in a manufacturing process for winding transformers, since a sheet of electrical grain-oriented steel is wound when performing the rolling while it is being wound, an annealing process to release its stress from deformation (for example , deformation due to bending) is included. Therefore, a sheet of electrical grain-oriented steel manufactured by the method described above to provide tension in order to improve the loss in the iron can be used in the laminated transformer while maintaining a loss reduction effect in the iron. However, it is not possible to use the grain-oriented electric steel sheet in the winding transformer while maintaining a loss reduction effect on the iron. That is, in the winding transformer, since the voltage disaPetition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 18/54
    5/34 it seems due to the annealing of tension relief, the effect of reducing the loss in iron also disappears. On the other hand, a grain-oriented electric steel sheet manufactured by the groove forming method to improve iron loss has the advantage that the grain-oriented electric steel sheet can be used in the laminated transformer and in the winding, because even if strain relief annealing is carried out, the iron loss improvement effect is not reduced.
    [009] Here, the conventional technique of a groove forming method will be described. In the method using chemical reagent attack, a sheet of steel on which a glass film is formed on the surface, for example, after secondary recrystallization is used, the glass film on the surface is removed linearly by a laser or a mechanical method, and a groove is formed in a part where a matrix is exposed by caustication. In this method, the process is complicated, so that the manufacturing cost increases and there is a limit to the treatment speed.
    [0010] In the method of mechanical compression of a matrix that has a tooth shape, since a steel sheet for electrical purposes is a very hard steel sheet that contains about 3% Si, the wear and damage to the matrix occur easily. If the matrix becomes worn out, since the variation occurs in the depth of the groove, the effect of reducing the loss in iron is uneven.
    [0011] In the method that uses laser irradiation (indicated as a laser method), there is an advantage in that high speed machining of the groove can be performed by a focused laser beam that has a high power density. In addition, since the laser method is non-contact machining, it is possible to carry out uniform groove machining in a stable manner by controlling the laser power or the like. Several attempts have been made to
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 19/54
    6/34 passed with respect to the laser method, in order to efficiently form a groove that has a depth of 10 μm or more on the surface of a sheet of steel. For example, in Patent Citation 4, a groove-forming method is indicated when performing a high power density (energy density at a focal point) of 2 x 10 5 W / mm 2 or more when using a laser. Pulsed CO 2 (wavelength: 9 μm to 11 μm) with a high peak power. Here, in the method using the pulsed CO 2 laser, since a laser downtime is present between successive pulses, in a case of scanning the surface of a sheet of steel with a laser beam at high speed, holes ( a row of dots) that are formed by the pulses are connected to each other, so that a groove is formed in a scan line of a laser beam. At this point, in a case where a time interval between the pulses is long in the high-speed beam scan, the interval between the rows of points is widened, so that the holes are separated from each other, whereby a loss-reducing effect on iron decreases dramatically. An industrially usable maximum pulse frequency is mainly 100 kHz, in which case a pulse time interval is 10 μs. For example, at a scan speed of 30 m / s that is required for high speed processing, a scan position of a beam moves at 300 μm during a time interval between pulses. In order for the points in the row of points to be in minimal contact with each other spatially, it is necessary that the diameter of a focused beam be 300 μm or more. For this reason, in order to obtain sufficient power density for machining, there is a need to have a large laser power, so that there is a technical limit to the laser device. In Patent Citation 5, a technique is presented in which an efficient groove is formed at a low power density when using
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 20/54
    7/34 a continuous wave laser and by changing the shape of a focused laser beam from a circular shape to an elliptical shape.
    [0012] In addition, in the past, a CO 2 laser in which relatively high power is easily obtained was used as a laser light source. The wavelength of the CO 2 laser is in the range of 9 to 11 pm and the laser light having that wavelength is absorbed intensely by the metal or plasma vapor that is generated at a machining point (a machining position ). For this reason, the power of the laser light that reaches the surface of a steel sheet is reduced, so that the machining efficiency is reduced. In addition, since plasma or metal vapor heated and expanded by absorbing laser light acts as a secondary heat source, thereby fusing the periphery of a part of the edge (a protrusion part) of a groove, a proportion of the fusion increases, so that the shape (for example, the increase in a projection derived from the fusion (described later)) of the groove is worsened.
    Patent Citation [0013] Patent Citation 1 Examined Japanese Patent Application, Second Publication no. S58-26406 [0014] Patent Citation 2 Examined Japanese Patent Application, Second Publication no. S62-54873 [0015] Patent Citation 3 Examined Japanese Patent Application, Second Publication no. S62-53579 [0016] Patent Citation 4 Japanese Patent Application No
    Examined, First Publication no. H6-57335 [0017] Patent Citation 5 Japanese Patent Application No
    Examined, First Publication no. 2003-129135
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    Problems to be solved by the invention [0018] In the formation of a groove by means of beam irradiation
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 21/54
    8/34 laser In the conventional techniques described above, a laser beam is absorbed on the surface of a steel sheet, so that the metal (matrix) of the steel sheet is melted, whereby the droplets of fine melting mass are they disperse or the surface matrix of the steel sheet heated to a boiling point evaporates, so that a groove is formed. The melting masses on the surface of the steel sheet are dispersed due to the pressure of metal vapor at high temperature or plasma at a machining point (a laser beam irradiation point). In a case where a large amount of melting mass is formed, or in a case where the pressure is small, the melting mass cannot disperse completely and is attached to a peripheral part of the formed groove, so that a projection of the surface is formed, as illustrated in figure 6.
    [0019] Since steel sheets for oriented electrical granulation purposes are rolled and compressed when a transformer is molded, if the surface projection becomes significantly large, the electrical insulation between the steel sheet arrays for electrical granulation purposes oriented layers is reduced. In addition, if the surface projection is compressed, since the stress deformation occurs on the steel sheet, a problem arises in which the loss in the iron deteriorates. In the conventional techniques described above, although it is possible to form a groove deeply and efficiently, there is a problem where it is difficult to sufficiently reduce the surface projection.
    [0020] The present invention was elaborated in view of the aforementioned points and provides an electrical grain oriented steel sheet in which even if the steel sheets for electrical oriented granulation purposes are laminated and compressed as an iron core material. a winding transformer, a decrease in electrical insulation between layers and an increase in voltage are
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 22/54
    9/34 suppressed, so that the grain-oriented electric steel sheet has an excellent energy efficiency (ie low loss in iron, hereinafter indicated as a characteristic of a loss in iron). In addition, the present invention features a method of producing a grain-oriented electric steel sheet, wherein, when a groove is formed in a grain-oriented electric steel sheet that is used as an iron core material or something the kind of a winding transformer, with the radiation of the steel sheet surface with a laser beam, the size of a surface projection that is formed in a peripheral part of the groove is reduced as much as possible, and that is suitable for a high speed production line.
    Methods to Solve the Problem [0021] The overview of the invention is as follows.
    (1) A method for producing a grain-oriented electric steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention includes the formation of grooves, each of which has a certain length and extends in a direction that intersects a direction of transport of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet at certain intervals in the direction of transport by irradiating the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a laser beam while scanning the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with the laser beam. In the method for producing a grain-oriented electric steel sheet, the laser beam is a continuous wave laser beam that has a laser wavelength from 1.0 pm to 2.1 pm, the power density Pd [ W / mm 2 ] that is obtained by dividing the intensity P of the laser beam by a focused area S of the beam is 5 x 10 5 W / mm 2 or more, and the power density Pd [W / mm 2 ] and the scanning speed [mm / s] of a focused spot of the laser beam on the surface of the oriented grain electric steel sheet saPetição 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, pg. 23/54
    10/34 have a ratio of 0.005 x Pd + 3,000 <V <0.005 x Pd + 40,000.
    (2) In the method for producing an electrical grain-oriented steel sheet according to (1) above, the laser beam can be fiber laser light or thin disc solid state laser light that includes a YAG laser .
    (3) In the method for producing a sheet of oriented grain electric steel according to (1) or (2) above, the power density Pd [W / mm 2 ] and the scanning speed V [mm / s ] can satisfy a ratio of 0.005 x Pd + 4.050 <V <0.005 x Pd + 40,000.
    (4) In the method for producing a sheet of oriented grain electric steel according to (1) or (2) above, the power density Pd [W / mm 2 ] and the sweep speed V [mm / s ] can satisfy a ratio of 0.005 x Pd + 11.070 <V <0.005 x Pd + 30.700.
    (5) In the method for producing a sheet of oriented grain electric steel according to (1) or (2) above, the diameter d of the focused point can be 0.10 mm or less.
    (6) A sheet of electric grain steel oriented according to another aspect of the present invention includes grooves each of which has a certain length, which extend in a direction that intersects a transport direction, and are formed at certain intervals in the direction of transport by a laser beam. The grain-oriented electric steel sheet includes a solidified layer provided at an interface with the groove, where the depth of the groove is in the range of 8 pm to 30 pm, and the cross-sectional area of the groove is less than 1,800 pm 2 .
    (7) In the grain electric steel sheet oriented according to (6) above, the depth of the groove can be in a range from 10 pm to 30 pm.
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 24/54
    11/34 (8) In the grain electric steel sheet oriented according to (6) or (7) above, the cross-sectional area of the groove may be less than 1,000 pm 2 .
    (9) In the grain-oriented electric steel sheet according to (6) or (7) above, the cross-sectional area of the groove may be less than 600 pm 2 .
    Effects of the Invention [0022] On the oriented grain electric steel sheet according to the present invention, since the height of a projection from a peripheral part of the groove is reduced to 5 pm or less, even if the steel sheets for oriented granulation electrical purposes are laminated and compressed as an iron core material of a winding transformer, a decrease in electrical insulation between layers and an increase in tension due to deformation are suppressed, so that the electric steel sheet of oriented grain has excellent iron loss characteristics. In addition, according to the method for producing an electrical grain-oriented steel sheet related to the invention, it is possible to establish a manufacturing process that can respond to the speed of a line at high speed due to the high speed beam sweep and be of high productivity.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0023] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the irradiation power density of the laser beam and the upper and lower limits of the beam scanning speed.
    [0024] Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between a reduction in the loss of iron in a sheet of oriented grain electric steel due to the formation of groove and a groove depth.
    [0025] Figure 3A is a cross-sectional image of a
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 25/54
    12/34 groove formed by laser beam irradiation with a lower beam sweep speed and a peripheral part of the groove.
    [0026] Figure 3B is a cross-sectional image of a groove formed by laser beam irradiation with a lower beam sweep speed and a peripheral part of the groove.
    [0027] Figure 3C is a cross-sectional image of a groove formed by laser beam irradiation with sufficient beam sweep speed and a peripheral part of the groove.
    [0028] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of the effect of beam sweep speed on the height of a projection derived from the merger and a groove depth.
    [0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a manufacturing device that is used in one modality.
    [0030] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional image of a groove formed by laser beam irradiation using a CO 2 laser that is the conventional technique and a peripheral part of the groove.
    [0031] Figure 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between a cross-sectional area of a groove and an average projection height.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0032] In the following, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    [0033] The authors of the present invention have intensively studied a mechanism in which a surface projection (a projection or a projection derived from the fusion) of a sheet of oriented grain electric steel is formed at the moment of the irradiation of the laser beam. As described above, a laser beam is absorbed on the surface of a steel sheet by laser beam irradiation, whereby a matrix of the steel sheet is melted, so that the droplets of the melting mass
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 26/54
    Thin 13/34 disperse. The melting masses are dispersed due to the pressure of high temperature metal vapor or plasma at a machining point (a laser beam irradiation point). In the past, in order to form a groove in a grain-oriented electric steel sheet, a CO 2 laser was used in which relatively high power is easily obtained. When carrying out an experiment to form a groove on a grain-oriented electric steel sheet using the CO 2 laser as a light source and when studying the melting phenomena in detail, it was estimated that a surface projection is formed by the a follow.
    [0034] That is, the wavelength of the CO 2 laser is in the range of 9 to 11 pm and the laser light that has that wavelength is absorbed intensely by the metal or plasma vapor that is generated at a machining. For this reason, the power of the laser light that reaches the surface of the steel sheet is reduced, so that the machining efficiency is reduced. In addition, since the plasma or metal vapor heated and expanded by the absorption of laser light acts as a secondary heat source, thereby melting the periphery of a part of the edge of a groove, the melting ratio increases. It is considered that a large projection derived from fusion is formed due to a decrease in the power of the laser light reaching the surface and an increase in the proportion of fusion.
    [0035] Therefore, an experiment to radiate a sheet of steel with a laser beam emitted from a laser light source that has a high light focusing property at a wavelength in the range of 1.0 pm to 2.1 pm, that is, a laser light source such as a fiber laser or a thin disc YAG laser, was performed, and the irradiation conditions were studied in detail. As a consequence of this, as described below, it has been found that a sheet of oriented grain electric steel can be manufactured in which the loss
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    14/34 on the iron is small and the size of a surface projection is reduced.
    [0036] Firstly, a modality of a method for making an electrical grain-oriented steel sheet according to the present invention will be described in detail when using the drawings. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a manufacturing apparatus that is provided with a laser light source and a laser beam irradiation device that is used in this embodiment. In addition, in figure 5, a position of irradiation of laser light that is irradiated on a sheet of oriented grain electric steel (a sheet of steel) 1 is also shown. An example is described in which a Yb-doped fiber laser as a laser medium is used as a laser light source. In figure 5, the steel sheet 1 is an electric grain-oriented steel sheet with a sheet width of 150 mm after secondary recrystallization and a glass film is formed on the surface of a matrix. The steel sheet 1 is transported at a constant speed in a L line direction (a rolling direction or a transport direction) at a VL line speed. [0037] A laser device 2 is a commercially available fiber laser that has a maximum power of 2,000 W and has a Yb-doped fiber core as a laser medium, and its oscillation wavelength is in a range from 1.07 pm to 1.08 pm. The core diameter is about 15 pm and a laser beam oscillation mode of an output beam is more or less a fundamental Gaussian mode. The continuous laser light output (CW) of the laser device 2 is transmitted through an optical fiber 3 and reaches a laser irradiation device 4. The laser irradiation device 4 includes a collimator 5, an icosahedral rotary polygonal mirror 6 , and a f0 7 lens that has a focal length of 200 mm. Collimator 5 adjusts the diameter of an LB laser beam output from the transmission fiber. Petition 870170098786, 12/18/2017, pg. 28/54
    15/34 are 3. In addition, the rotating polygonal mirror 6 deflects the LB laser beam, thereby scanning the steel sheet 1 with the LB laser beam at a high speed in about a C direction of the sheet width , and the f0 7 lens focuses on the LB laser beam.
    [0038] The sweeping speed of beam V on steel sheet 1 is adjusted over a range of 2 m / s to 50 m / s when regulating the rotation speed of the rotating polygonal mirror 6. The sweep width in the direction of the width of the beam sheet focused on steel sheet 1 is about 150 mm. A diameter (a diameter in which 86% of the energy is included) d of the focused beam is adjusted to be in a range from 10 pm to 100 pm by a change in the diameter of the output beam using collimator 5. In addition, a mechanism focus (not shown) is arranged between the rotating polygonal mirror 6 and the lens f0 7 which has a focal length of 200 mm, and the distance between the lens f0 7 and the steel sheet can be adjusted by the focus mechanism. The steel sheet 1 is scanned with the laser beam through a face of the rotating polygonal mirror 6 that rotates, so that a single groove having a certain length (for example, the entire length in the direction of the width of the sheet) is formed in steel sheet 1 more or less in a width direction. The distance between the ridges adjacent to each other in the L direction, that is, an irradiation step PL in the rolling direction (the transport direction) can be changed by adjusting the line speed VL and the rotation speed of the polygon. In this way, with the irradiation of the steel sheet 1 with the laser beam LB when using the laser irradiation device 4, the grooves are formed at constant scanning intervals PL (the scanning interval corresponds to an irradiation step or an interval of groove) in the lamination direction L. That is, with the irradiation of the surface of the electric grain-oriented steel sheet with the laser beam while the laser beam is focused on the surface of the electric grain-oriented steel sheet and then the
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 29/54
    16/34 scanning the surface of the grain electric steel sheet oriented with the laser beam, each of the grooves having a certain length and extending in a direction more or less perpendicular to the direction of transport of the grain electric steel sheet Oriented (a direction that intersects the direction of transport, or a direction that includes a vector perpendicular to the direction of transport, for example, within a range of ± 45 degrees from the perpendicular direction) is formed at certain intervals in the direction of transport.
    [0039] On steel sheet 1 after laser beam irradiation, the strain relief annealing at about 800 ° C is performed in an annealing furnace (not shown) and an insulating coating is then performed by a device coating (not shown) to provide electrical insulation and surface tension. In addition, the thickness of the insulating coating is in the range of 2 pm to 3 pm.
    Relationship Between Groove Depth and Loss Reduction Effect on Iron [0040] First of all, the relationship between groove depth and iron loss reduction effect was examined. As a material, steel sheets were prepared for electrical purposes of oriented granulation that have a B8 of 1.90 T. Here, B8 is defined by the magnetic flux density [T] that is generated at a magnetizing force H of 0, 8 A / m. In particular, in the case of a grain-oriented electric steel sheet, B8 is magnetic flux density when the steel sheet has been magnetized in the rolling direction. The higher the B8, the higher the crystal orientation of the steel sheet 1 (the greater the orientation), and in general the loss in iron is also low. When using these materials, grooves were formed on the surface of the steel sheet when executing laser beam irradiation under laser beam irradiation conditions where the laser beam P intensity is 1,000 W, the
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 30/54
    17/34 diameter d of the focused beam is 0.03 mm, the power density Pd is 14 x 10 5 W / mm 2 , the PL gap of the groove is 3 mm, and the scanning speed V of the beam is in a range of 2,500 mm / s to 50,000 mm / s. In this way, with the formation of grooves on the surface of the steel sheets at various scanning speeds with V-beam, each of the steel sheets having different groove depths was manufactured. Furthermore, here, attention is focused only on the relationship between the depth of the groove and the effect of reducing the loss in the iron and the height of a projection derived from the melt on the periphery of the groove is not taken into account. The evaluation was made by cutting a sample from a single sheet that has a size in which a length in the lamination direction is 300 mm and a length in the width direction is d 60 mm, from each of the steel sheets with the grooves formed in it, and when measuring the loss in iron Wg by an SST method (single sheet tester) which is a well-known method of measuring loss in iron. In addition, the loss in W0 iron of a grain-oriented electric steel sheet in which a groove is not formed from the same material was also measured by this method. Here, the loss in iron Wg and the loss in iron W0 are values of iron loss under excitation conditions where a frequency is 50 Hz and the maximum magnetic flux density is 1.7 T. The comparative evaluation of the effects of the reduction of the loss in iron was made when calculating a reduction of the loss in iron η% by the following equation (1) when using the loss in iron Wg and the loss in iron W0.
    η = (W0 - Wg) / W0 x 100 ... (1) [0041] Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the measured depth of the groove in the surface of the steel sheet and the reduction of loss in iron η. Each steel sheet in which the groove depth was measured had the same material quality and its sheet thickness was 0.23 mm. As shown in figure 2,
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 31/54
    18/34 at a groove depth of 8 pm or more, the effect of reducing iron loss increases significantly and a reduction in iron loss η greater than 10% (η> 10%) is obtained. At a groove depth in the range of 10 pm to 30 pm, the reduction in loss in iron η has a maximum value of about 13%. In addition, if the groove depth is greater than 30 pm, the reduction in loss in iron η decreases to less than 10%. If the groove becomes too deep, since the cross-sectional area (an area that has a high permeability) of the steel sheet in a part that includes the groove becomes small, the loss in the iron increases. Therefore, in terms of reducing iron loss, it is appropriate for the groove depth to be in the range of 8 pm to 30 pm.
    Relationship Between Projection (Surface Projection) derived from Fusion and Transformer Characteristics [0042] Next, the effect of projection (surface projection) derived from merger on the characteristics of the transformer was examined. Here, as characteristics of the transformer, the electrical insulation between the rolled steel sheets was evaluated. This is because there is a need for the electrical insulation between adjacent layers (between the dies) to be maintained when the steel sheets for oriented electrical granulation purposes are rolled and compressed at the time of manufacturing a transformer. Therefore, by compressing a plurality of contact electrodes against one side of a single sheet sample manufactured under the conditions described above with laser beam irradiation and then applying a voltage to it, an electric current flow between the electrodes was measured. With respect to the measurement conditions, an area per contact electrode is 1 cm 2 , the voltage is 0.5 V, the contact pressure is 230 psi (1.58 MPa), and the number of contact electrodes is 10. If an electrical current flowing between the electrodes measured by this measurement method is
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 32/54
    19/34 equal to or less than 600 mA, in a common transformer centered on a small-scale transformer, favorable characteristics of the transformer are obtained. In addition, in a large wide transformer where an interlayer voltage is relatively high, it is preferable that the electrical current is equal to or less than 100 mA. Table 1 shows an example of the measurement related to the relationship between the height of the surface projection (an average projection height) and an electrical current (an interlayer current).
    Table 1
    Average projection height(pm) <1 2 3 5 10 20 Interlayer current (mA) 0 50 100 600 700 850
    [0043] As shown in Table 1, if the height of the surface projection is reduced to 5 pm or less, the interlayer current can be reduced to 600 mA or less, so that the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with the grooves formed in it can preferably be used in a common transformer iron core. In addition, if the height of the surface projection is reduced to 3 pm or less, the interlayer current can be reduced to 100 mA or less, so that sufficient electrical insulation is maintained between the layers. For this reason, the grain-oriented electric steel sheet with the grooves formed in it can also be used preferably in several transformer iron cores where high interlayer voltage can occur. In addition, if the height of the surface projection is reduced to 1 pm or less, an almost complete insulation is obtained between the layers.
    [0044] The relationship described above between the height of the surface projection and the interlayer current is considered to be affected by the thickness (about 3 pm) of the insulation coating which is forPetition 870170098786, of 18/12/2017, pg. 33/54
    20/34 laid on the surface of the steel sheet at the end line of the oriented grain electric steel sheet. When a transformer iron core is manufactured, since the surface projection is present only on one of the surfaces of the steel sheet that face each other due to lamination, if the surface projection is equal to or less than than a certain size, it is possible to ensure sufficient electrical insulation by insulating coating the other surface of the steel sheet (the back surface). Considering a condition such as a positional relationship between adjacent steel sheets or deformation of the surface projection, if the height of the surface projection is equal to or less than 5 pm, the electrical interlayer insulation is sufficient. In addition, if the height of the surface projection is equal to or less than 3 pm, the electrical interlayer insulation is excellent due to the effect of the thickness of the insulation coating.
    Projection Reduction Method (surface projection) derived from
    Fusion that is formed in the Peripheral Part of the Groove [0045] Based on the results described above in the study, a method of reducing the projection that is derived from the merger and formed in a peripheral part of the groove will be described below. The authors of the present invention performed laser beam irradiation on electric grain steel sheet oriented at various Pd power densities and V beam scan speeds and examined the correlation between the height of the surface projection, the depth of the groove, the power density Pd [W / mm 2 ], and the scanning speed of beam V. Here, the intensity of laser beam P has been changed in a range from 200 W to 2,000 W, the diameter of the focused point (a beam diameter focused) d was changed in a range of 0.01 mm to 0.10 mm and the beam sweep speed V was changed in a range of 5,000 mm / s to 70,000 mm / s, so that the power density Pd and the velocity
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 34/54
    21/34 beam scan V were controlled. In addition, the cross-sectional surface of the formed groove was observed by an optical microscope and a SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). Here, the power density Pd [W / mm 2 ] is defined by a focused beam area S [mm 2 ] in equation (2) below. In addition, the focused beam area S [mm 2 ] is obtained from equation (3) below when using the focused beam diameter d. The focused beam diameter d is the diameter of a circular area in which 86% of the total energy is included in a case of a circular laser beam that has the power intensity distribution on a cross-sectional surface perpendicular to a direction beam propagation. That is, in this case, the energy that is included in a circular area of each beam (each diameter) in a laser beam is obtained by taking the integral of the power intensity with respect to the beam beam radius to the outside of the laser beam from the center of the laser beam. In addition, the height of the surface projection and the depth of the groove were measured by a commercially available type of surface roughness meter.
    Pd = P / S ... (2)
    S = π x (d / 2) 2 ... (3) [0046] Figure 4 is a diagram showing the effect of beam sweep speed V on the average projection height (a projection height) derived from the fusion of a peripheral part of the groove and an average depth of the groove (a depth of the groove) in the condition of laser beam irradiation where the intensity of the laser beam P is 1,000 W, the diameter of the focused beam d is 0.03 mm, and the power density Pd is 14.0 x 10 5 W / mm 2 . Here, the projection height and the groove depth are average values for 50 samples. Figures 3A to 3C are examples of cross-sectional images of the groove and the peripheral part of the groove, as seen from a direction of the groove (a direction extending from the groove).
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 35/54
    22/34 [0047] First, the cross-sectional shape of the groove will be described when using figures 3A to 3C. Figure 3A is a cross-sectional image of the groove when the scan speed of beam V is 5,000 mm / s. At beam scanning speed V, which is a low speed, the melting (a large melting ratio) of a depth (a ratio) that is greater than 60 pm is generated, so that a groove is formed temporarily. However, there is also a case where an upper part of the groove is closed by a resolidified material, so that an empty space is formed inside. In this case, the height of the surface projection is about 30 pm. Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of the groove when the V-beam sweep speed is 10,000 mm / s. From figure 3B, it can be seen that the depth of the groove decreases with the increase in the sweeping speed of beam V. In figure 3B, the depth of the groove is about 30 pm. However, the height of the surface projection is equal to or greater than 10 pm. Figure 3C is a cross-sectional view of the groove when the V-beam sweep speed is 30,000 mm / s. At this speed, the depth of the groove is in the range of 10 pm to 15 pm, the height of the projection is equal to or less than 1 pm, and the surface projection almost disappears. In addition, the height of the projection can also be 0 pm. Here, in the peripheral part of the groove, a resolidified layer (described below) was formed which is formed by the solidification of a part of a melting mass formed in a part irradiated with laser.
    [0048] The relationship between the depth of the groove and the scanning speed of beam V is shown by a closed square in figure 4. As shown in figure 4, if the scanning speed of beam V is greater than 50,000 mm / s , the groove depth is less than 8 pm. In this case, from figure 2, it can be seen that the effect of reducing iron loss decreases significantly. Per
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 36/54
    Therefore, when the power density Pd is 14.0 x 10 5 W / mm 2 , an upper limit V2 of the beam sweeping speed V necessary to sufficiently ensure the groove depth is 50,000 mm / s. In the case of obtaining a groove depth of 10 pm or more in order to obtain a greater reduction in the loss in the iron, it is preferable that an upper limit V2 'of the beam sweep speed V is 40,000 mm / s.
    [0049] On the other hand, the relationship between the height of the projection derived from the fusion and the scanning speed of beam V when the intensity of the laser beam P is 1,000 W, the diameter of the focused beam d is 0.03 mm, and the power density Pd is 14.0 x 10 5 W / mm 2 is shown by an open hole in figure 4. As shown in figure 4, if the beam scan speed V is greater than 10,000 mm / s , the projection height can be controlled to be 5 pm or less. As shown in Table 1 (the measurement example with respect to the relationship between the projection height and the interlayer current) described above, if the projection height is reduced to 5 pm or less, the interlayer current is reduced, so that sufficient characteristics of the transformer are obtained. Therefore, a lower limit V1 of the beam sweep speed V required to make the projection height sufficiently small is 10,000 mm / s. In addition, if the V-beam scan speed is greater than 12,000 mm / s, the projection height can be controlled to be 3 pm or less. At the time of the projection of 3 pm or less, as shown in Table 1, the interlayer current is small, so that favorable characteristics of the transformer are obtained. In this case, a lower limit V1 'of the beam sweep speed V is 12,000 mm / s. In addition, a lower limit V1 required to reduce the height of the projection to 1 pm or less is 20,000 mm / s, and at the beam sweep speed V in that range, better features than
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 37/54
    24/34 transformer can be expected. However, here, only with respect to a case where the power density Pd is 14.0 x 10 5 W / mm 2 , the upper and lower limits (V1, V2, and so on) of the scanning speed of beam V are determined. In addition, the lower limits V1, V1 'and V1 of the beam scan speed V are determined based on the height of the projection, and the upper limits V2 and V2' of the beam scan speed V are determined based on the depth of the beam. groove.
    [0050] The authors of the present invention carried out a laser irradiation experiment at various power densities Pd by various patterns of combination of the focused beam diameter d in a range of 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm and the intensity P of the laser beam in a range of 100 W to 2,000 W. In this irradiation experiment, the lower limit V1, the upper limit V2, the lower limit V1 ', the upper limit V2', and the lower limit V1 'of the scanning speed of beam V at each of the Pd power densities were examined. As a result, as shown in figure 1 (a diagram showing the relationship between the upper and lower limits of the beam sweep speed and the power density), in a case where the power density Pd is equal to or greater than 5 x 10 5 W / mm 2 , the upper and lower limits of the beam sweep speed V were obtained in which characteristics of loss in iron and characteristics of favorable transformer are obtained. In addition, it was found that the lower limit V1, the upper limit V2, the lower limit V1 ', the upper limit V2', and the lower limit V1 change more or less in proportion to a positive correlation with the power density Pd. [0051] In addition, at the power density Pd of less than 5 x 10 5 W / mm 2 , the variations in the measured values became large both in the height of the projection and in the depth of the groove, so that the machining performance of the groove of the laser beam irradiation was
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 38/54
    25/34 unstable. In a low-speed machining region where the V-beam sweep speed is less than 5,000 mm / s, the heat conduction of a laser-irradiated part to its periphery becomes remarkable. In addition, since the power density Pd is low, the amount of melt that evaporates or disperses after melting decreases significantly. As a result, an area that melts and hardens on the surface of the steel sheet increases, so that the number and height of the projections derived from the merger increase. In addition, since the melting mass remains on the laser-radiating part of the steel sheet surface, it is difficult for a groove to be formed and the groove depth is also unstable.
    [0052] From figure 1, in a range in which the power density Pd is equal to or greater than 5 x 10 5 W / mm 2 , the relationship between the power density Pd and the upper and lower limits ( the lower limit V1, the upper limit V2, the lower limit V1 ', the upper limit V2', and the lower limit V1) of the beam sweep speed V can be expressed by a linear approximation equation by a method of least squares . The ideal conditions for the laser to achieve projection reduction and reduction of iron loss can simply be determined by the linear approximation equation. That is, in figure 1, the lower limit V1 (V1 = 0.005 x Pd + 3000) represents the value of the beam sweep speed V where the projection height is equal to 5 pm, the lower limit V1 '(V1' = 0.005 x Pd + 4.050) represents the value of the beam scan speed V where the projection height is equal to 3 pm, and V1 (V1 = 0.005 x Pd + 11.070) represents the value of the beam scan speed V where the height of the projection is equal to 1 pm. Similarly, in figure 1, the upper limit V2 (V2 = 0.005 x Pd + 40,000) represents the value of the beam sweep speed V where the groove depth is equal to 8 pm, and the limit
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 39/54
    26/34 upper V2 '(V2' = 0.005 x Pd + 30,700) represents the value of the beam sweep speed V where the groove depth is equal to 10 pm. It is possible to properly control the beam sweep speed V by using the lower limit V1, the lower limit V1 ', the lower limit V1, the upper limit V2 and the upper limit V2', which are obtained by these linear equations. In order to obtain the required transformer characteristics for a common transformer by sufficiently reducing the loss in the iron, the beam sweep speed V is controlled to satisfy the following equation (4) (ie, V1 <V <V2) depending on the value of the power density Pd. In addition, in order to obtain better characteristics of the transformer by further reducing the loss in iron by laser beam irradiation, it is preferable to control the beam sweep speed V to satisfy the following equation (5) (ie, V1 '< V <V2) depending on the power density value Pd, and it is more preferable to control the beam sweep speed V to satisfy the following equation (6) (i.e., V1 <V <V2 ').
    0.005 x Pd + 3,000 <V <0.005 x Pd + 40,000 ... (4)
    0,005 x Pd + 4,050 <V <0,005 x Pd + 40,000. (5)
    0,005 x Pd + 11,070 <V <0,005 x Pd + 30,700. (6) [0053] Here, as described above, the upper and lower limits (the lower limit V1, the upper limit V2, the lower limit V1 ', the upper limit V2' and the lower limit V1) of the scanning speed of beam V can be determined depending on the power density Pd, and the power density Pd is defined by both the intensity of the laser beam P and the diameter of the focused beam d. In addition, since the power density Pd and the scanning speed of beam V affect the energy supply to the part irradiated by the laser per unit of time and unit of area, they can also affect the cross-sectional area of the groove, which will be described later.
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 40/54
    27/34
    In addition, if the power density Pd and the scanning speed of beam V satisfy equation (4), an upper limit of the power density Pd is not particularly limited. For example, the power density Pd can also be controlled so that it is equal to or greater than 5 x 10 5 W / mm 2 and equal to or less than 7 x 10 6 W / mm 2 .
    Detailed Explanation of the Effects of this Modality [0054] Next, the description will be provided regarding the mechanism of being able to machine a groove that has an appropriate depth for the characteristic of the loss in iron while reducing a projection by high speed laser scanning. a laser beam that has a high peak power density in this mode. In this modality, a laser of the type of continuous oscillation (a laser with the ability to oscillate continuously) is used, which has a wavelength in the range of 1.0 pm to 2.1 pm and a high light focusing property. For example, as such a laser, a fiber laser or a thin disk solid state laser including YAG is used. The laser light that has this wavelength region is not easily absorbed by the metal ion plasma or the metal vapor that is generated at a machining point. On the other hand, since a CO 2 laser that has a wavelength in the range of 9 to 11 pm, which was used in the past, is easily absorbed by plasma metal vapor, energy is consumed in a region generation of plasma or metal vapor, so that the machining efficiency of a steel sheet surface is reduced. In addition, since the plasma has absorbed laser light it is at a high temperature, thereby acting as a heat source that is spatially relatively large in comparison to the diameter of a focused beam, it unnecessarily melts the periphery of a groove, forming thus a wide groove as shown in figure 6,
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 41/54
    28/34 so that a projection becomes big. Since such phenomena become more marked as the power density becomes high, in a method using the CO 2 laser, it is disadvantageous to carry out a treatment at high speed when raising the power density, and it is difficult to reduce a projection.
    [0055] In addition, when using a continuous wave laser, there is also no deterioration in the reduction of loss in iron due to the spacing between the holes in the grooves of the rows of points, which occurs in a pulse oscillation laser.
    [0056] As a fiber laser, lasers can be used in which the fiber cores that are oscillation media doped with various laser doped (excited atoms) dopers. For example, in a fiber laser with a Yb-doped core (ytterbium), an oscillation wavelength is in the range of 1.07 pm to 1.08 pm, and in a fiber laser with a core doped with Er (erbium), an oscillation wavelength is 1.55 pm, and in a fiber laser with a Tm (thulium) doped core, an oscillation wavelength is in the range of 1.70 pm to 2.10 pm. In addition, in a YAG laser that is a high power laser that has the same wavelength region, an oscillation wavelength is 1.06 pm. In the methods using these fiber lasers and the YAG laser, since the effect of absorbing a laser to metal or plasma vapor at a machining point is small, these methods belong to the method related to the present invention.
    [0057] Furthermore, in this modality, if the diameter of the focused point is controlled to be a minimum focused light of 0.10 mm, the projection of the surface is significantly reduced. This is because a melted volume is reduced in addition to an increase in power density. Therefore, it is preferable that the focused beam diameter is 0.10 mm or less. A light focus property
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 42/54
    High 29/34 is required for a laser that is used. The fiber laser can focus the light to the same extent as the core diameter, and in order to ensure a higher light focus property, a fiber laser that has a core diameter of 0.10 mm or less is appropriate. In addition, in a thin disk laser in which an oscillation medium is a thin disk type crystal in a solid state laser such as a YAG laser, since the surface area of the crystal is large, so that cooling is easy, even in high power operation the deterioration in the light spot property due to the heat stress of the crystal does not occur easily, and a tiny light spot of 0.10 mm or less can also be easily performed . Therefore, in the present invention, a thin disk solid state laser is also suitable. Here, a lower limit of the diameter of the focused point is not particularly limited. However, it can also be, for example, 10 pm taking into account the minimum core diameter of the fiber laser, the focal length of a lens, or the like.
    [0058] Furthermore, the diameter of the focused point and the width of the groove do not necessarily conform to each other. For example, if the power density is large and the V-beam sweep speed is small, the groove width is larger than the diameter of the focused point. In addition, for example, if the power density is small and the V-beam sweep speed is large, the groove width is smaller than the diameter of the focused point. In addition, the width of the groove also changes according to the distribution of the power intensity on the surface in a cross section perpendicular to the direction of the propagation of a laser beam. Here, in a case where on the surface in cross section perpendicular to the direction of the width (a direction perpendicular to the direction of transport of the steel sheet) of the steel sheet, an area not irradiated by laser beam (a surface
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 43/54
    30/34 non-irradiated) is fitted to a reference surface (a reference height, where the reference surface includes the surface of a coating before laser irradiation) in the direction of the thickness of the sheet, the groove (a part of the groove ) is an area where a portion of the steel sheet is removed from the reference surface by a laser beam. For this reason, the furrow width (the furrow width as a dimension) is defined as the maximum furrow length in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the sheet thickness (the direction of the furrow depth). In addition, with respect to various dimensions, a statistically sufficient number of measurements (for example, 30 measurements) is performed.
    [0059] In addition, an embodiment of the oriented grain electric steel sheet according to the present invention will be described in detail when using the drawings. In this embodiment, a groove having a certain length and extending in a direction that includes a direction perpendicular to the transport direction is formed on the surface of the grain electric steel sheet oriented by a heat source such as a laser. In the grain-oriented electric steel sheet, a resolidified layer derived from the melt is formed between the groove and the steel sheet matrix (at the interface with the groove), the depth of the groove is in the range of 8 pm to 30 pm, and the area in cross section of the groove (an area in cross section of the groove) on the surface in cross section perpendicular to the direction of the width of the steel sheet is less than 1,800 pm 2 . In addition, the groove formed in the steel sheet continuously extends in one direction (a beam sweeping direction) that intersects the transport direction of the steel sheet.
    [0060] As described above, if the groove depth is in the range of 8 pm to 30 pm, the reduction in loss in iron η is improved by up to 10% or more. In addition, in terms of reducing
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 44/54
    31/34 loss in iron η, it is preferable that the groove depth is equal to or greater than 10 μm. Similarly, it is preferable that the groove depth is equal to or less than 20 μm.
    [0061] In addition, in the modality, the height of the projection described above (the height of the average projection) is reduced to 5 μm or less. The height of the projection is affected, for example, by the amount of molten mass formed at the time of laser irradiation or a mechanism for removing molten mass at the time of laser irradiation. Therefore, the authors of the present invention have studied in detail the relationship between the cross-sectional area of the groove resulting from the formation of melting mass and the removal of melting mass and the height of the projection. In figure 7, the relationship between the cross-sectional area of the groove and the average height of the projection is shown. As shown in figure 7, if the groove cross-sectional area is less than 1,800 μm 2 , the projection height can be reduced to 5 μm or less. In addition, in order to reduce the height of the projection to 3 μm or less, it is preferable that the cross-sectional area of the groove is less than 1,000 μm 2 , and in order to make the height of the projection to be 1 μm or less, it is preferable that the cross-sectional area of the groove is less than 600 μm 2 . Here, the cross-sectional area of the groove is defined as an area in a case where the groove is approximated to a semi-ellipse on the surface in cross-section perpendicular to the direction of the width of the steel sheet. That is, a cross-sectional area Ds of the groove ^ m 2 ] is defined by the following equation (7) when using a groove width Dw ^ m] and a groove depth Dd [m].
    Ds = π x Dw x Dd / 4 ... (7) [0062] In this way, by reducing the area in cross section of the groove, that is, the amount of melt removed by making the focused beam diameter small, a material to form the projection
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 45/54
    32/34 is reduced, so that it is possible to reduce the height of the projection.
    [0063] Furthermore, a lower limit of the area in cross section of the groove is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable that the cross-sectional area of the groove is equal to or greater than 50 pm in order to ensure the depth of the groove of 8 pm or more and the width of the groove of 8 pm or more.
    [0064] In addition, in the modality, a solidified layer derived from the melt is formed at the interface between the groove and the steel sheet matrix. The solidified layer derived from the melt is formed by the solidification of a part of the melt formed in the part irradiated by laser. For this reason, it is possible to verify the solidified layer derived from melting with surface corrosion in cross section (a surface after cutting, filling resin, and polishing) perpendicular to the direction of the width of the steel sheet that includes the groove , when using nital, and when observing the surface in cross section. That is, it is possible to determine the clear boundary between a solidified part (resolidified layer) derived from the melt and a part (the matrix) that did not melt when observing a clear grain limit visualized when using, for example, an optical microscope.
    [0065] As described above, it is preferable that the height of the projection is reduced to 5 m or less, it is more preferable that it is reduced to 3 m or less, and it is even more preferable that it is reduced to 1 m or less . The projection height can also be 0 pm or more. In addition, the groove width can also be in the range of 0.01 pm to 50 pm. In addition, the thickness of the grain-oriented electric steel sheet can also be in the range of 0.10 mm to 0.50 mm. In the electric grain-oriented steel sheet, in particular, preferably a sheet thickness in the range of 0.17 mm to 0.36 mm is used.
    [0066] Furthermore, it is preferable that an electric current that flows
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 46/54
    33/34 between the layers of steel sheets for laminated oriented granulation electrical purposes is equal to or less than 600 mV in a case where it is measured by the method described above, and it is more preferable that it is equal to or less than than 200 mV.
    [0067] In addition, a surface treatment can also be performed on the oriented grain electric steel sheet with the grooves formed in it, as needed. For example, the coating can also be carried out on the surface of the oriented grain electric steel sheet with the grooves formed therein. Here, a definition of the groove in the modality is the same as that in the modality described above, and does not change even in a case where the coating is carried out on the surface of the steel sheet after the formation of the groove. [0068] In addition, in a case where the same results as the measurement results that are obtained by a surface roughness meter are obtained, the depth of the groove (the depth of the groove) can also be determined from the length ( a distance from the reference surface described above to an anterior end of the groove) of the groove in the direction of sheet thickness. Similarly, the height of the projection can also be determined from a height (a distance in the direction of the thickness of the sheet) from the reference surface described above to an anterior end of the surface projection.
    [0069] Preferred examples of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples. The addition, omission, substitution and other modifications of a configuration can be done without departing from the scope of the present invention. The present invention is not to be considered as being limited by the above description, and is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
    Industrial Applicability
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 47/54
    34/34 [0070] It is possible to provide a method for the production of a grain-oriented electric steel sheet, in which, when a groove is formed on the surface of the steel sheet by laser beam irradiation, the size of a surface projection that is formed in a peripheral part of the groove is reduced as much as possible and that is suitable for a high-speed production line, and a sheet of grain-oriented electric steel that has excellent iron loss characteristics.
    List of Reference Symbols
    1: Electric grain-oriented steel sheet (steel sheet)
    2: Laser device
    3: Optical fiber (transmission fiber)
    4: Laser irradiation device 5: Collimator
    6: Polygonal mirror (rotating polygonal mirror)
    7: f0 lens LB: Laser beam
    L: Rolling direction (transport direction)
    C: Sheet width direction
    Pl: Groove forming interval in the rolling direction (transport direction)
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 48/54
    1/2
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. Method for the production of a sheet of oriented grain electric steel, characterized by the fact that the method comprises the formation of grooves, each of which has a certain length and extends in a direction that intersects a direction of transport of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, at certain intervals in the direction of transport by irradiating a surface of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a laser beam while scanning the surface of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with the laser beam, where the laser beam is a continuous wave laser beam that has a laser wavelength l of 1.0 pm to 2.1 pm, a power density Pd [W / mm 2 ] that is obtained by dividing an intensity P of the laser beam by an area of focused beam S is 5 x 10 5 W / mm 2 or more, and the power density Pd [W / mm 2 ] and a scanning speed V [mm / s] of a focused point of the laser beam on the surface The grain-oriented electrical steel sheet surfaces satisfy a ratio of 0.005 x Pd + 3,000 <V <0.005 x Pd + 40,000.
    [2]
    2. Method for the production of a grain-oriented electric steel sheet according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the laser beam is a fiber laser light or a thin disc solid state laser that includes a laser of YAG.
    [3]
    3. Method for producing an electric grain-oriented steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the power density Pd [W / mm 2 ] and the scanning speed V [mm / s ] satisfy a ratio of 0.005 x Pd + 4,050 <V <0.005 x Pd + 40,000.
    [4]
    4. Method for producing a grain-oriented electric steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 49/54
    2/2 due to the fact that the power density Pd [W / mm 2 ] and the scanning speed V [mm / s] satisfy a ratio of 0.005 x Pd + 11.070 <V <0.005 Pd + 30.700.
    [5]
    5. Method for the production of a grain-oriented electric steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameter d of the focused point is 0.10 mm or less.
    [6]
    6. Electric grain-oriented steel sheet, characterized by the fact that grooves, each of which with a certain length and extending in a direction that intersects a transport direction, are formed in the electrical grain-oriented steel sheet in certain intervals in the direction of transport by a laser beam, and the grain-oriented electric steel sheet comprises:
    a solidified layer provided at an interface with the groove, and a projection formed in the peripheral part of the groove, where a depth of the groove is in the range of 8 pm to 30 pm, the cross-sectional area of the groove is less than 1,000 pm 2 , and the projection height is 5 pm or less.
    [7]
    7. Electric grain-oriented steel sheet according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the depth of the groove is in the range of 10 pm to 30 pm.
    [8]
    8. Electric grain-oriented steel sheet according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by the fact that the cross-sectional area of the groove is less than 600 pm 2 .
    Petition 870170098786, of 12/18/2017, p. 50/54
    1/8
    90000 J- V2 _ 0 .005xPd + 400Q0 [no ujuj] Λ
    1.E + 06 2.E + 06 3.E + 06 4.E + 06 5.E + 06 6.E + 06 7.E + 06 8.E + 06
    2/8
    Reduction of iron loss (%)
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    KR20210079129A|2021-06-29|Grain oriented electrical steel sheet and method for refining magnetic domains therein
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2554685B1|2016-07-27|
    BR112012024448A2|2016-05-31|
    KR101389647B1|2014-04-30|
    RU2509163C1|2014-03-10|
    JP5234222B2|2013-07-10|
    JPWO2011125672A1|2013-07-08|
    PL2554685T3|2017-01-31|
    KR20120127666A|2012-11-22|
    CN106181044B|2019-04-09|
    CN106181044A|2016-12-07|
    WO2011125672A1|2011-10-13|
    US20130017408A1|2013-01-17|
    US9139886B2|2015-09-22|
    EP2554685A4|2014-05-21|
    EP2554685A1|2013-02-06|
    CN102834529A|2012-12-19|
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    法律状态:
    2017-08-01| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: NIPPON STEEL AND SUMITOMO METAL CORPORATION (JP) |
    2017-09-19| B07A| Technical examination (opinion): publication of technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-03-27| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-06-05| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|
    2019-12-03| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    JP2010085457|2010-04-01|
    JP2010-085457|2010-04-01|
    PCT/JP2011/057883|WO2011125672A1|2010-04-01|2011-03-29|Directional electromagnetic steel plate and method for manufacturing same|
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