• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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    • 专利摘要:
    ADDITIVE TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF BIOPOLYMER ARTICLES. The modalities refer to an additive for a biopolymer article, a method for forming the additive and the biopolymer and cover articles containing or formed using the additive. The additive includes at least one impact modifier between 10 to 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive; at least one polymer color concentrate between 5 to 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive; and at least one carrier resin between 5 to 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive.
    公开号:BR112012024006B1
    申请号:R112012024006-4
    申请日:2011-03-22
    公开日:2021-03-09
    发明作者:Paul Georgelos；Pat Montefusco；Jeanne M. Skaggs；Bohdan Wyslotsky
    申请人:Sonoco Development Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Priority Claim
    [001] This request claims priority from North American Provisional Application No. 61 / 316,313, filed on March 22, 2010, the full subject of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Cross Reference with Related Orders
    [002] The following related patent applications, attributed to the same assignee of the same, and filed on the same date of the same in the name of the same inventors of the present application, reveal a related subject, the complete subject of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety : Biopolymer Roll stock for FormFill-Seal Packaging, North American Serial No.: (Legal Registration No. 4700/149) and Thermoforming Biopolymer Sheeting, North American Serial No. (Legal Registration No. 4700/150) Field of the Invention
    [003] The present invention relates to additives that improve the performance of biopolymer articles. More particularly, the invention relates to biopolymer additives used to create biopolymer articles, including films or molded articles, improving the performance of the films and articles. History of the Invention
    [004] Currently, petroleum-based polymers or non-biodegradable materials and mixtures are used to form films or molded parts. Said materials are not readily degradable and are therefore considered undesirable. One approach to this problem has been to use biopolymer film or a mixture of biopolymer including a Polylactic Acid Polymer (PLA) or copolymer with a second polymer to form said rigid structures. Unfortunately, current biopolymer materials and mixtures are not suitable for forming said rigid structures, in the sense that said current biopolymer materials are not useful for producing molded parts that have the desired impact strength and are still unsuitable for bring the ratios between width and depth within the desired temperature forming windows as desired by the packaging industry to produce said rigid structures.
    [005] For the following reasons, it would be desirable to have an additive that improves the performance of biopolymer articles. Summary of Revelation
    [006] One embodiment refers to an additive for a biopolymer article. The additive includes at least one impact modifier between 10 to 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive; and at least one pigment / dye mixed in a carrier resin, where the carrier resin is between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive.
    [007] One embodiment refers to an additive for a biopolymer article. The additive includes at least one impact modifier between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive; at least one polymer color concentrate between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive; and at least one carrier resin between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive.
    [008] Another modality refers to a pellet. The pellet includes at least one impact modifier between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the pellet; at least one polymer-colored concentrate between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the pellet; and at least one carrier resin between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the pellet.
    [009] Yet another modality concerns a method of forming an additive. The method includes providing at least one impact modifier, at least one polymer color concentrate and at least one carrier resin; mixing at least one impact modifier, at least one polymer color concentrate and at least one carrier resin forming an additive mixture, where at least one impact modifier is between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the mixture of the additive, the at least one polymer color concentrate is between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive mixture and at least one carrier resin is between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive mixture; and shaping the additive mixture.
    [0010] Another modality refers to a biopolymer article. The article includes at least one biopolymer resin between 75 and 92% by weight of the percentage of the total weight of the biopolymer article; and an additive between 8 and 25% by weight of the percentage of the total weight of the biopolymer article. It should be appreciated that while the additive is revealed to be 8 to 25% by weight of biopolymer, the modalities are contemplated to be less than 8% by weight. The additive includes at least one impact modifier between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive; at least one polymer color concentrate between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive; and at least one resin carrier between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive, wherein the biopolymer article has a predetermined thickness and impact resistance.
    [0011] Yet another modality refers to an extruded film of biopolymer. The film includes at least one biopolymer resin between 70 and 92% by weight of the total weight of the extruded film; and an additive between 8 and 25% by weight of the total weight of the film. The additive includes at least one impact modifier between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive; at least one polymer color concentrate between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive; and at least one resin carrier between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive, wherein the extruded film has a predetermined thickness and impact resistance.
    [0012] In one or more embodiments, the at least one impact modifier is an ethylene copolymer, the at least one polymer color concentrate is based on TiO2 and / or the at least one carrier resin and / or the resin of biopolymer is a material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid polymer (PLA), polymers of aliphatic-aromatic polyesters, poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) polymer (PHA), polycaprolactone and functionalized polylactic acid. More specifically, the carrier resin can be a functionalized polylactic acid polymer.
    [0013] In at least one modality, the additive is in a pellet form.
    [0014] In one or more embodiments, the predetermined impact resistance has a Gardner Impact value between 3 and 150 pounds per inch (17 pounds per inch or more for example). More specifically, the predetermined impact resistance has a Gardner Impact value of about 17 pounds per inch (19.92 N per meter) with a thickness of 30 mils (0.762 mm). In addition, the predetermined thickness is between about 10 mils (0.254 mm) and 80 mils (2.032 mm) in thickness.
    [0015] In one or more embodiments, the at least one biopolymer resin is between 70 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the article / film, the at least one impact modifier is between 5 and 15% by weight of the total weight of the article / film, the at least one polymer color concentrate is between 5 and 15% by weight of the total weight of the article / film and the at least one carrier resin is between 5 and 10% of the total weight of the article / film. Still in one or more modalities, the article can be thermoformed in a multi-compartment, separation cup using radiant heat, contact heat or any other suitable method. The cup can have a width-to-depth ratio range from 10: 1 to 1: 4, in which the modalities are contemplated having width-to-depth ratio ranges from 10: 1 to 2: 1. The width-to-depth ratio ranges from 8: 1 to 4: 1 and the width-to-depth ratio ranges from 2: 1 to 1: 4 and / or be marked for separation into individual compartments.
    [0016] In one or more modalities, the article can be formed in multi-compartment packaging using any suitable method including injection molding, blow molding, thermoforming and the like.
    [0017] The foregoing and other aspects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the currently preferred modality, read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are not to scale. The detailed description and drawings are merely illustrative of the invention rather than limiting, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended and equivalent claims thereof. Brief Description of Drawings
    [0018] Figure 1 is a view of a biopolymer article according to one embodiment;
    [0019] Figure 2 is another perspective view of the biopolymer article of Figure 1 according to an embodiment;
    [0020] Figure 3 is yet another view of the biopolymer article of Figure 1 according to an embodiment;
    [0021] Figure 4 is yet another view of the biopolymer article of Figure 1 according to an embodiment;
    [0022] Figure 5 is a view of another biopolymer article according to one embodiment;
    [0023] Figure 6 is another view of the biopolymer article of Figure 5 according to an embodiment;
    [0024] Figure 7 is another view of the biopolymer article of Figure 5 according to an embodiment;
    [0025] Figure 8 is a view of yet another biopolymer article according to one embodiment;
    [0026] Figure 9 is another view of the biopolymer article of Figure 8 according to an embodiment;
    [0027] Figure 10 is another view of the biopolymer article of Figure 8 according to an embodiment;
    [0028] Figure 11 is a flow chart of a method for forming an additive according to a modality;
    [0029] Figure 12 is a flow chart of a method for forming a biopolymer article using an additive similar to that of Figure 10 according to an embodiment;
    [0030] Figure 13 is a flow chart of a method for forming a biopolymer film using an additive according to an embodiment;
    [0031] Figure 14 is a graph showing the impact resistance (expressed as Gardner's Impact values in pounds per inch) for compositions other than biopolymer article / film that has a 14 mil gauge;
    [0032] Figure 15 is a graph showing the impact strength (expressed as Gardner's Impact values in pounds per inch) for compositions other than biopolymer / film articles that have a 30 mil (0.762 mm) gauge;
    [0033] Throughout the various figures, similar reference numbers refer to similar elements. Detailed Description of Currently Preferred Modalities
    [0034] When describing the modalities and methods currently preferred according to the invention, a series of terms will be used, the definitions or the scope of which will now be described.
    [0035] As defined here, the term "color concentrate" refers to a pelletized plastic material containing highly charged pigments that are mixed in precise amounts with a resin or base compound in order to achieve a predetermined final color.
    [0036] As defined here, the term "impact resistance" refers to the average failure energy of materials (alternatively referred to as "MFE" expressed in pounds per inch) according to the energy required to make 50% of specimens crack or break flat, rigid plastic specimens under various specified impact conditions of a stop impacted by a drop weight and is expressed as Gardner Impact values (ie MFE) as described in the associated ASTM Designation D 5420-04 - Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Rigid, Flat Plastic Specimens by means of a stop impacted by a drop weight (Gardner Impact) incorporated here as one of the annexes.
    [0037] As defined here, the term "multilayer film", "multilayer film", "multilayer film", "multilayer structure" or "one or more layers" refers to a plurality of layers in a single film or substrate structure generally in the form of a film or web that can be made from a polymer material, a non-polymer material, a bio-polymer material, some combination of these or the like, for example, bonded together by any means conventional known in the art (co-extrusion, extrusion coating, lamination, solvent coating, emulsion coating, suspension coating, adhesive bonding, pressure bonding, heat sealing, thermal lamination, ultrasonic welding, any combination of these or similar by example).
    [0038] As defined here, the term "polymer" refers to the product of a polymerization reaction, and is even of homopolymers, copolymers, terpolymers, or the like, for example, the layers of a film or film substrate may consist of essentially of a single polymer, or it may have additional polymers together with it, that is, mixed with it.
    [0039] As defined here, the term "copolymer" refers to polymers formed by the polymerization of at least two different monomers. For example, the term "copolymer" includes the copolymerization reaction product of ethylene and an alpha-olefin, such as 1-hexane. The term "copolymer" also includes, for example, the copolymerization of a mixture of ethylene, propylene, 1-propene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, and 1-octene. As defined here, a copolymer identified in terms of a plurality of monomers, for example, "propylene / ethylene copolymer", refers to a copolymer in which any of the monomers can copolymerize in a higher or molar weight percentage than the than the other monomer or monomers. However, the first listed monomer preferably polymerizes at a higher weight percentage than the second listed monomer.
    [0040] As defined here, the term "coextruded" refers to a material formed by the extrusion process of two or more polymeric materials through a single matrix with two or more holes arranged so that the extruded products melt and weld together in a laminar structure before cooling and solidifying. The substrates described here can generally be prepared from dry resins that are melted in an extruder and passed through a matrix to form the primary material, most commonly in the form of a tube or film. In the co-extruded films described here, all layers were simultaneously co-extruded, cooled via water, cooled metal roll, or air cooled. Unless otherwise noted, the resins used in the present invention are generally commercially available in the form of pellets and, as generally known in the art, can be mixed by melting or mechanically mixed by well-known methods using commercially available equipment including turners, mixers or blenders. Also, if desired, well-known additives such as processing aids, glidants, anti-blocking agents and pigments, and mixtures thereof can be incorporated into the film by mixing prior to extrusion. The resins and any additives are introduced into an extruder in which the resins are melted plasticized and then transferred to an extrusion (or co-extrusion) matrix for forming in a tube or in any other way using any suitable extrusion method . Extruder and die temperatures will generally depend on the particular resin or mixtures containing the resin that are processed and the suitable temperature ranges for commercially available resins are generally known in the art, or are provided in technical bulletins made available by resin manufacturers. Processing temperatures may vary depending on other processing parameters chosen.
    [0041] As defined herein, the term "polyester" refers to homopolymers or copolymers that have an ester bond between monomer units that can be formed, for example, by condensation polymerization reactions between a dicarboxylic acid and a glycol . The ester monomer unit can be represented by the general formula: [RCO.sub.2R '] where R and R' = alkyl group. Dicarboxylic acid can be linear or aliphatic, that is, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pyelic acid, submeric acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and the like; or it can be aromatic or aromatic substituted by alkyl, that is, several isomers of phthalic acid, such as paraphthalic acid (or terephthalic acid), isophthalic acid and naphthalic acid. Specific examples of aromatic alkyl substituted acids include the various isomers of dimethyl phthalic acid, such as dimethylisophthalic acid, dimethylorthophthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalic acid, the various isomers of diethyl phthalic acid, such as diethyl isophthalic acid, diethyl orthophthalic acid, the various isomers. such as 2,6-dimethylnaphthalic acid and 2,5-dimethylnaphalic acid, and the various isomers of diethylnaphthalic acid. Glycols can be chained straight or branched. Specific examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, 1,4-butane diol, neopentyl glycol and the like. An example of the preferred polyester is polyethylene terephthalate copolymer.
    [0042] As defined here, a "polymer film" or "film" refers to a material composed of polymers and having a thickness of about 10 MILs (0.01 inches (0.254 mm)) or greater, while a "polymer film" is defined as a material composed of polymers and having a thickness of less than 10 MILs (0.01 inches (0.254 mm)).
    [0043] As defined here, the term "rigid" refers to a material capable of maintaining or retaining its original contour or shape or of returning to its original contour or shape which returns to its initial conditions and is substantially firm in its final form.
    [0044] As defined here, the term "biodegradable" refers to material that, when exposed to an aerobic and / or anaerobic environment, ultimately results in the reduction to monomeric components due to microbial, hydrolytic, and / or chemical. Under aerobic conditions, biodegradation leads to the transformation of the material into final products such as carbon dioxide and water. Under anaerobic conditions, biodegradation leads to the transformation of materials to carbon dioxide, water and methane. The biodegradability process is generally described as mineralization. Biodegradability means that all organic constituents of the films are subject to decomposition eventually through biological activity or any other natural activity.
    [0045] Non-limiting examples of other optional ingredients that may be included in the film, film or laminate described here include aromatic / aliphatic polyester copolymers made more readily hydrolytically divisible, and therefore more likely to be biodegradable, such as those described in US Patent 5,053,482; 5,097,004; 5,097,005; and 5,295,985; aliphatic polyesteramide polymers, polycaprolactones, polyesters or polyurethanes derived from aliphatic polyols (ie, dialcanoyl polymers), polyamides including derivatives of polyethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers, cellulose esters or plasticizers thereof, salts, slip agents, accelerators crystallization, such as nucleating agents, crystallization retardants, odor masking agents, crosslinking agents, emulsifiers, surfactants, cyclodextrins, lubricants, other processing aids, optical brighteners, antioxidants, flame retardants, dyes, pigments, fillers , proteins and their alkali salts, greases, viscous resins, extenders, anti-blocking agents, antistatic agents or mixtures thereof. Sliding agents can be used to help reduce the viscosity or coefficient of friction in the film. Also, sliding agents can be used to improve the stability of the film, particularly in humidity or high temperatures.
    [0046] Figures 1 to 4 show the views of a biopolymer article, generally designated 10, according to one embodiment. In one embodiment, article 10 is formed via any suitable manner including coextrusion, blow molding, thermoforming and the like.
    [0047] In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, article 10 comprises four cups 12 (alternatively called as a pack of 4), arranged in two rows of two, each cup 12 having a longitudinal side wall 14, which has the first end 16 and the second end 18, and bottom 20 at the second end 18 (best seen in Figure 4) that defines the compartment or chamber 22 (best seen in Figure 3) adapted to receive a material (yogurt or other materials / food ). Cup 14 can have a width-to-depth ratio of 10: 1 to 2: 1; and / or marked for separation into individual compartments. In at least one embodiment, the cup 12 has longitudinal side walls 14 (two sets of two opposite side walls 14) joined or connected to the bottom 20.
    [0048] Figures 1 to 4 further illustrate the cup 12 which has a lip, flange or strips 24 at the end 16, joining the individual cups 12 together. In at least one embodiment, the package 10 with 4 is formed as a single article, then the lip 24 is cut and marked (forming score lines 26 for example) in a multi-compartment, partition cups as is well known in the technical. In the illustrated embodiment, the drilling star 28 is formed, allowing for easy separation of the individual cups 12. In at least one embodiment, article 10 includes a compartment or seal chamber 22 for cap marking 30 (see Figures 1 to 2).
    [0049] Figures 5 to 7 depict another view of a biopolymer article, generally designated 100, according to one embodiment. In another embodiment, article 100 is formed by any suitable means including injection molding, blow molding, thermoforming and the like. In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 5 to 7, article 100 comprises six cups 12 (alternatively called a pack of 6), arranged in two rows of three, each cup 12 having a longitudinal side wall 14, first and second ends 16 and 18, and the bottom 20 that defines the compartment or chamber adapted to receive a material (yogurt or other materials / food) and lid 24.
    [0050] Figures 8 to 10 show another view of a biopolymer article, generally designated 200, according to one embodiment. In one embodiment, article 200 is formed by any suitable means including injection molding, blow molding, thermoforming and the like. In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 8 to 10, article 200 comprises a single cup 12 that has a longitudinal side wall 14, first and second ends 16 and 18 and bottom 20 that define the compartment or chamber 22 adapted to receive a material (yogurt or other materials / food) and cover 24.
    [0051] Figure 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method for forming an additive, generally designated 300, according to a modality. Method 300 includes providing at least one impact modifier, block 310, at least one polymer color concentrate, block 312 and at least one carrier resin, block 314. At least one impact modifier, at least one color concentrate polymer and at least one carrier resin are mixed to form an additive mixture, block 316, in which at least one impact modifier is between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive mixture, at least one polymer color concentrate is among 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive mixture and at least one carrier resin is between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive mixture. The additive mixture is then molded, block 318. More particularly, the additive mixture can be pelleted under water to form microfiletes. While a method of water is discussed, any method for forming / pelletizing is contemplated.
    [0052] One or more modalities refer to an additive for a biopolymer article. The additive includes at least one impact modifier between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive; and at least one pigment / matrix combined in a carrier resin, where the carrier resin is between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive.
    [0053] In at least one embodiment, the additive includes at least one impact modifier between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive; at least one polymer color concentrate between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive; and at least one carrier resin between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive. The embodiments can include at least one impact modifier which is an ethylene copolymer; at least one polymer color concentrate is based on TiO2, and at least one carrier resin is a material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid polymer (PLA), aromatic aliphatic polyester polymers, poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate polymer) ) (PHA), polycaprolactone and functionalized polylactic acid.
    [0054] In yet another modality it can include a pellet, in which the pellet includes at least one impact modifier between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the pellet; at least one polymer-colored concentrate between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the pellet; and at least one carrier resin between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the pellet. The pellet modalities may include the at least one impact modifier is an ethylene copolymer, the at least one polymer color concentrate is based on TiO2 and / or at least one carrier resin is a material selected from the group that consists of polylactic acid polymer (PLA), aromatic aliphatic polyester polymers, poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) polymer (PHA), polycaprolactone, and functionalized polylactic acid.
    [0055] Figure 12 is a flow chart of a method for forming a biopolymer article, generally designated 400 using an additive similar to that provided above. Method 400 includes providing a biopolymer resin, block 410 and an additive, block 412. The biopolymer resin and additive are mixed, block 414 and a biopolymer article is formed, 416.
    [0056] In at least one embodiment, the biopolymer article includes at least one biopolymer resin between 70 and 92% by weight of the total weight percentage of the biopolymer article; and an additive between 8 and 25% by weight of the total weight percentage of the biopolymer article, wherein the additive includes at least one impact modifier between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive; at least one polymer color concentrate between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive; and at least one carrier resin between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive.
    [0057] In one or more embodiments, the biopolymer article has a predetermined thickness and impact resistance, where the predetermined impact resistance has a Gardner Impact value between 3 and 150 pounds per inch (17 pounds per inch or more) for example) and has a Gardner Impact value of about 17 pounds per inch (1,920 Newton per meter) to 30 mils (0.762 mm) in thickness. The modalities are contemplated in that the predetermined thickness is between 10 mils (0.254 mm) and 80 mils (2.032 mils) of thickness.
    [0058] In one or more embodiments, at least one biopolymer resin is between 70 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the article, at least one impact modifier is between 5 and 15% by weight of the total weight of the article, at least at least one polymer color concentrate is between 5 and 15% by weight of the total weight of the article and at least one carrier resin is between 5 and 10% by weight of the total weight of the article.
    [0059] The modalities are contemplated in which the carrier resin is a functionalized polylactic acid polymer; and the biopolymer resin is a resin selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid polymers (PLA), polymers of aliphatic-aromatic polyesters, and poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) polymers (PHA); the impact modifier is an ethylene copolymer and the polymer color concentrate is TiO2.
    [0060] Figure 13 illustrates a flow chart of a method for forming a biopolymer film using an additive similar to that provided above, generally designated as 500, according to one embodiment. Method 500 includes providing a biopolymer resin, block 510 and an additive, block 512. The biopolymer resin and additive are mixed, block 514, and the biopolymer film is extruded, block 516.
    [0061] The extruded biopolymer film includes at least one biopolymer resin between 70 and 92% by weight of the total weight of the extruded film; and an additive between 8 and 30% by weight of the total weight of the film; wherein the additive contains at least one impact modifier between 10 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the additive; at least one polymer color concentrate between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive; and at least one carrier resin between 5 and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive.
    [0062] The biopolymer part can be a material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid polymers (PLA), polymers of aromatic aliphatic polyesters, and poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) polymers (PHA); the biopolymer resin is a resin selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid polymers (PLA), polymers of aliphatic-aromatic polyesters, and poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) polymers (PHA); the impact modifier is an ethylene copolymer; the polymer color concentrate is TiO2 and the carrier resin is functionalized polylactic acid polymer.
    [0063] The film may, in one or more embodiments, have a predetermined thickness and impact resistance, where the predetermined impact resistance has a Gardner Impact value between 3 and 150 pounds per inch (17 pounds per inch or more) for example). More specifically, the film can have a Gardner Impact value of about 17 pounds per inch (1,920 Newton per meter) 30 mil (0.762 mm) thick. The predetermined thickness is between about 10 mils (0.254 mm) and 80 mils (2.032 mils).
    [0064] The modalities are contemplated in which the film includes at least one biopolymer resin is between 70 and 90% by weight of the total weight of the film, at least the impact modifier is between 5 and 15% by weight of the total weight of the film. film, at least one polymer color concentrate is between 5 and 15% by weight of the total weight of the film and at least one carrier resin is between 5 and 10% by weight of the total weight of the film.
    [0065] In one embodiment, the biopolymer film is a monolayer or multilayer film, and is used as a single film or has another film joined with it. The biopolymer film is between about 10 mils (0.254 mm) and 80 mils (2.032 mils) thick, more particularly between about 12 mils (0.305 mm) and 50 mils (1.27 mm) thick, and has a predetermined temperature formation window between 82 ° C and 177 ° C (180 ° F and 350 ° F), more particularly between 104 ° C and 135 ° C (220 ° F and 275 ° F). In at least one embodiment, the cup may have a width to depth ratio range of 10: 1 to 1: 4, in which the modalities are contemplated having width to depth ratio ranges from 10: 1 to 2: 1. The width-to-depth ratio ranges from 8: 1 to 4: 1 and the width-to-depth ratio ranges from 2: 1 to 1: 4 2: 1 to 1: 4, alternatively 10: 1 to 2: 1 (8 : 1 to 4: 1, for example).
    [0066] In one embodiment, the biopolymer film has a predetermined impact resistance, MFE or energy that will cause 50% of the specimens to fall or crack or break the film under several specific conditions as provided above and under the ASTM D 542004 designation - Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Rigid, Flat Plastic Specimens by means of a stop Impacted by a falling weight (Gardner Impact) incorporated here as one of the annexes. In one embodiment, the biopolymer film has a Gardner Impact value of more than 3 pounds per inch, more particularly between 3 and 200 pounds per inch or 3 and 150 pounds per inch, and even more particularly about 17 pounds per inch at 30 thousand as provided below in Table 1. Table 1




    [0067] PLA Repro means PLA or reprocessed PLA film that has been cut, washed and converted into flakes so that it can be recycled. The data in Table I indicate that the impact power of the control film (Test No. 1) is 0.13 to 0.03 in * pounds / mil. However, the data still indicates that the impact power of the biopolymer film including the impact modifier and the polymer color concentrate is 1.3 to 2.0 in * pounds / thousand, an order of magnitude higher than that of control film.
    [0068] Figure 14 is a graph showing the impact resistance (expressed as Gardner Impact values in pounds per inch) for different biopolymer film compositions that have a 14 MIL gauge; while Figure 15 is a graph showing the impact resistance for different compositions of the biopolymer film having a gauge of 30 MILs. So, it is clearly evident that a biopolymer film including at least one biopolymer resin; at least one impact modifier and at least one polymer color concentrate (Samples 9, 17 and 18 in Tables and Figures, in at least one embodiment, the polymer color concentrate includes, or is combined in, a carrier resin ( a functionalized carrier resin, for example) is stronger than the control biopolymer film, the biopolymer film including only an impact modifier, or the biopolymer film including only one polymer (such as a polymer color) for almost an order of magnitude. As previously provided, the biopolymer film is a monolayer or multilayer material, and is used as a single material or has one or more materials joined or applied to it. In at least one embodiment, the biopolymer film it can be comprised of at least two layers of materials, where the two layers are comprised of the same or different materials. For example, at least two layers of materials can be co comprised of the same biopolymer materials or different biopolymer materials or one or more layers comprised of the biopolymer material and one or more layers comprised of the non-biopolymer material. Additionally, it is contemplated that other materials can be added or mixed with the biopolymer material, in addition to the impact modifier and color concentrates. For example, one or more different biopolymer materials, one or more non-biopolymer materials or some combination thereof may be combined with, or composed of, the biopolymer resin (a functionalized carrier resin for example), which in turn is mixed with at least one impact modifier and at least one polymer color concentrate forming the biopolymer film.
    [0069] While the modalities of the invention disclosed here are currently considered to be preferred, several changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is indicated in the appended claims, and any changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents are intended to be encompassed here.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    1. Extruded biopolymer film comprising: a biopolymer resin present in an amount between 75% and 92% by weight of the total weight of the extruded biopolymer film, wherein the biopolymer resin comprises polylactic acid; an additive comprising: an impact modifier; and at least one pigment / dye mixed in a carrier resin, characterized by the fact that: the additive is present in an amount between 8% and 25% by weight of the total weight of the extruded biopolymer film; the impact modifier is an ethylene copolymer impact modifier, present in an amount between 50% and 67% by weight of the total weight of the additive; the pigment / dye and the carrier resin are present in a total amount between 33% and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive; the carrier resin comprises an aliphatic-aromatic polyester polymer comprising adipic acid, terephthalic acid and 1,4-butanediol monomers; a thickness of the extruded biopolymer film is between 0.254 mm (10 mils) and 2.032 mm (80 mils); and a ratio of the impact modifier to the pigment / dye and the carrier resin is in the range of 1: 1 to 2: 1.
    [0002]
    2. Extruded biopolymer film according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the pigment / dye comprises TiO2.
    [0003]
    3. Extruded biopolymer film comprising: at least one biopolymer resin; and an additive comprising: an impact modifier; and at least one polymer color concentrate; at least one carrier resin, whereby the biopolymer article has a thickness, depth and width and an impact resistance; characterized by the fact that: at least one biopolymer resin is present in an amount between 80% and 90% by weight of the total weight percentage of the extruded biopolymer film and at least one biopolymer resin comprises polylactic acid, the additive is present in an amount between 8% and 25% by weight of the total weight percentage of the biopolymer article, the impact modifier is ethylene copolymer impact modifier present in an amount between 5% and 10% by weight of the total weight the extruded biopolymer film; the at least one polymer color concentrate is present in an amount between 5% and 10% by weight of the total weight of the extruded biopolymer film; and the polymer color concentrate comprises a carrier resin comprising an aliphatic-aromatic polyester polymer comprising adipic acid, terephthalic acid and 1,4-butanediol monomers; a thickness of the extruded biopolymer film is between 0.254 mm (10 mils) and 2.032 mm (80 mils); and a ratio of the impact modifier to the polymer color concentrate is in the range of 1: 1 and 2: 1.
    [0004]
    4. Extruded biopolymer film, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the article has a Gardner Impact value of 1.92 Nm (17 lb-in) to 0.762 mm (30 mils) in thickness, as determined by ASTM Designation D 5420-04.
    [0005]
    5. Extruded biopolymer film according to claim 3, characterized in that the thickness is between 0.254 mm (10 mils) and 2.032 mm (80 mils).
    [0006]
    6. Extruded biopolymer film according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the polymer color concentrate comprises TiO2.
    [0007]
    7. Extruded biopolymer film, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that it has a depth to width ratio of 10: 1 to 1: 4.
    [0008]
    8. Extruded biopolymer film, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that it has a depth to width ratio of 10: 1 to 2: 1.
    [0009]
    9. Extruded biopolymer film, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that it has a depth to width ratio of 8: 1 to 4: 1.
    [0010]
    10. Extruded biopolymer film, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that it has a depth to width ratio of 2: 1 to 1: 4.
    [0011]
    11. Extruded biopolymer film, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that it was thermoformed in a separable, multi-compartment cup; the cup having a depth to width ratio of 10: 1 to 2: 1; multi-compartments being marked for separation into individual compartments.
    [0012]
    12. Biopolymer packaging comprising: at least one biopolymer resin and an additive; the additive containing: an impact modifier; whereby the extruded film has a thickness and impact resistance; characterized by the fact that: at least one biopolymer resin is present in an amount between 75% and 92% by weight of the total weight of the extruded film; the at least one biopolymer resin comprises polylactic acid (PLA); the additive is present in an amount between 8% and 25% by weight of the total weight of the package; the impact modifier is an ethylene copolymer impact modifier present in an amount between 50% and 67% by weight of the total weight of the additive; the polymer color concentrate is present in an amount between 33% and 50% by weight of the total weight of the additive; the polymer color concentrate comprises carrier resin comprising an aliphatic-aromatic polyester polymer comprising adipic acid, terephthalic acid and 1,4-butanediol monomers; a thickness of the extruded biopolymer film is between 0.254 mm (10 mils) and 2.032 mm (80 mils); and a ratio of the impact modifier to the polymer color concentrate is in the range of 1: 1 and 2: 1.
    [0013]
    13. Packaging according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the package has a Gardner Impact value of 1.92 Nm (17 lb-in) to 0.762 mm (30 mils) in thickness, as determined by the ASTM Designation D 5420-04.
    [0014]
    14. Packaging according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the polymer color concentrate comprises TiO2.
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    法律状态:
    2018-04-10| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-07-23| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: SONOCO DEVELOPMENT INC. (US) |
    2019-07-30| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2019-12-17| B07A| Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-05-26| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-08| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-22| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-09| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 22/03/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US31631310P| true| 2010-03-22|2010-03-22|
    US61/316,313|2010-03-22|
    PCT/US2011/029453|WO2011119623A1|2010-03-22|2011-03-22|Additive for performance enhancement of biopolymer articles|
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