![]() fertilizer composition containing micronutrients and methods for making it
专利摘要:
FERTILIZING COMPOSITION CONTAINING MICRONUTRIENTS AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME. Fertilizer composition including a basic fertilizer granule with a barrier coating and one or more micronutrients. The base fertilizer material is coated with a barrier coating and then a coating of one or more micronutrients. Alternatively, the base fertilizer material is coated with a barrier coating showing separate particles of micronutrients dispersed therein. The barrier coating acts to physically and chemically isolate the nutrient particles from the base fertilizer composition, such that more micronutrients are available for the soil solution and ultimately for the root zone of the plant 公开号:BR112012022182B1 申请号:R112012022182-5 申请日:2011-02-23 公开日:2020-10-20 发明作者:Lawrence Alan Peacock;Samuel Stacey;Michael McLaughlin 申请人:The Mosaic Company; IPC主号:
专利说明:
RELATED REQUESTS This application claims the benefit of US Provisional Application number 61 / 309,894 filed on March 3, 2010, and US Provisional Application number 61 / 311,011 filed on March 5, 2010, each of which is incorporated into this document in its entirety. as reference. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates, in general, to the fertilizer composition, and more particularly to the fertilizer compositions containing micronutrients for subsequent introduction into soil solution and, eventually, in the root zone of a plant. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In addition to the primary nutrients, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen phosphorus, and potassium, micronutrients and secondary nutrients are elements that are also essential for plant growth, but much smaller quantities are needed than those of the primary nutrients. Secondary nutrients may include, for example, calcium (Ca), sulfur (S) and magnesium (Mg). Micronutrients may include, for example, boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), chlorine (Cl), cobalt (Co), sodium ( Na) and combinations thereof. Sources of micronutrients vary considerably in their physical state, chemical reactivity, cost and availability for plants. Four main classes of micronutrient sources include: (1) inorganic products, such as oxides, carbonates, and metal salts, such as sulfates, chlorides and nitrates, (2) synthetic chelates formed by combining a chelating agent with a metal through coordinated bonding, (3) natural organic complexes including lignosulfonates, polyflavonoids, and phenols, manufactured by reacting metal salts with certain organic by-products from the wood pulp industry or related industries, and (4), or fries, or glass products fried, containing a micronutrient concentration of about 2 to 25 percent. The most common method of applying micronutrients to crops is soil application. Recommended application rates are generally less than 4.53 kg / acre on an elementary basis, so uniform application of micronutrient sources, separately in the field can be difficult. The inclusion of micronutrients with mixed fertilizers is a convenient method of application and allows for a more uniform distribution with conventional application equipment. Costs are also reduced by eliminating a separate application step. Four methods of applying micronutrients with mixed fertilizers can include incorporation during manufacture, blending with granular fertilizers, coating on granular fertilizers, and mixing with liquid fertilizers. Incorporation during manufacture is the incorporation of one or more micronutrients directly into granular fertilizers, such as NPK or phosphate fertilizer, as they are being produced. This practice allows each phosphate fertilizer granule to have a constant desired micronutrient concentration (s) and a uniform distribution of micronutrients (s) throughout the granular fertilizer. Since the phosphate granules are uniformly dispersed over the growing area, the micronutrient (s) contained are also dispersed. However, since the micronutrient source is in contact with the components of mixed fertilizers, under conditions of high temperature and humidity during manufacture, the rate of chemical reactions with phosphates is increased which can reduce availability in the plant. some micronutrients, since the micronutrient (s) remain (s) in the phosphate granule. Bulk mixing with granulated fertilizers is the practice of mixing bulk granulated micronutrient compounds separately with granular phosphate fertilizers and granular potassium fertilizers. The main advantage of this practice is that the fertilizer classifications can be produced which will provide the recommended micronutrient rates for a given field at common fertilizer application rates. The main disadvantage is that the segregation of nutrients can occur during the mixing operation and with subsequent handling. In order to reduce or avoid size segregation during handling and transport, micronutrient granules must be close to the same size as phosphate and potassium granules. Since micronutrients are needed in very small amounts for plant nutrition, this practice has resulted in micronutrient granules distributed unevenly and generally too far from most plants to be of immediate benefit, since most migrates in the soil solution only a few millimeters throughout the growing season. The coating of granular fertilizers reduces the possibility of segregation. However, some bonding materials are unsatisfactory as they do not maintain micronutrient coatings during bagging, storage and handling, which results in the separation of micronutrient sources from granular fertilizer components. Steps have been taken to reduce the segregation problem in the case of secondary nutrients and micronutrients, for example, as in the case of sulfur or sulfur platelets in the fertilizer portion, as described in US Patent number 6,544,313, entitled "Sulfur-Containing Fertilizer Composition and Method for Preparing Same "and in the case of micronutrients as described in US Patent number 7,497,891, entitled" Method for Producing a Fertilizer with Micronutrients ", both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Similar to the incorporation of micronutrients during manufacture described above, the micronutrient source is in contact with the fertilizer components in a coated product and the micronutrients may undergo chemical reactions with phosphates, thereby reducing the availability of some micronutrients in the plant because the (s) micronutrient (s) remain (s) in the phosphate granule. There is still a need for a fertilizer product that contains one or more micronutrients that maximize the introduction of micronutrients (s) in the soil solution and, finally, in the root zone of the plants. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The modalities of the invention are aimed at incorporating the desired micronutrients (s) into granular fertilizer formulations for the subsequent introduction of the micronutrients into the soil solution and, eventually, in the root zone of the plant. A coating on the base fertilizer is used as a barrier or separator coating to prevent or reduce chemical / physical interactions between the micronutrients (s) and the base fertilizer. In one embodiment of the invention, a barrier coating material is in a liquid or molten state. One or more micronutrients are then incorporated into the melt of the barrier coating material. The barrier coating material is spray-coated over a suitable fertilizer granule, such as ammonium phosphate, calcium phosphate, or potassium phosphate fertilizer. The micronutrient particles are trapped inside the barrier coating material, separated from the chemical and physical interaction with the base fertilizer material. In another embodiment of the invention, a suitable fertilizer granule, such as ammonium phosphate, calcium phosphate or potassium phosphate, is coated by conventional methods, such as spray coating, with a barrier coating material. One or more micronutrients are then added either in a continuous or discontinuous coating around the barrier coated fertilizer granules, such that the micronutrient particles are chemically and physically separated or isolated from the base fertilizer material. The above summary of the invention is not intended to describe each illustrated embodiment or implementation of the present invention. The following detailed description more specifically exemplifies these modalities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a fertilizer granule containing micronutrients, according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a fertilizer granule containing micronutrients according to another embodiment of the invention; Figure 3 is a graph that compares the dissolution of micronutrients over time for different barrier coating materials, and Figure 4 is a graph that represents the effect of water solubility on zinc absorption by plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS According to an embodiment of the invention illustrated in figure 1, a fertilizer granule containing micronutrients 100 can comprise a portion of fertilizer core 102, a barrier coating material 104 coated or otherwise applied over at least a portion of the fertilizer 102, and a micronutrient coating 106 containing one or more micronutrients that cover at least a part of the coating material barrier 104. In this embodiment, the barrier coating material 104 can be in a liquid, solid or molten form and can be sprayed, coated, or constitute any of a series of suitable coating techniques, to form a continuous or discontinuous coating on the surface. fertilizer portion 102. In a specific embodiment, a barrier coating material is combined with water to form a paste that is sprayed onto the fertilizer granules in a granulator. The granules are then dried. The barrier coated granules are then subsequently coated with an appropriate micronutrient, such as a micronutrient complex, for example, ZnSO4.H2O, by any of the numerous appropriate coating techniques, such as spray coating. Optionally, a hot polymeric coating can be added to the coated barrier granules prior to the addition of the micronutrient to provide a sticky surface for the micronutrients to adhere to the granules, and additionally to improve the water solubility of the micronutrients. Such polymers can include, for example, polyethyleneimine (PEI). According to an alternative embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 2, a micronutrient-containing fertilizer granule 200 may comprise a core portion of fertilizer 202, a barrier coating material 204 coated or otherwise applied to at least a portion of the fertilizer 202, and one or more micronutrients 206 dispersed within the barrier coating material 204. Fertilizer portion 102, 202 can comprise any suitable fertilizer, such as, for example, nitrates, urea, potassium, phosphate fertilizers, such as, mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), superphosphate simple, triple superphosphate, potassium phosphates, calcium phosphates and combinations thereof. Barrier coating material 104, 204 can comprise one or more materials that isolate the micronutrient (s) from the fertilizer composition to reduce or eliminate chemical reactions and / or other interactions between the micronutrient (s) and the basic fertilizer composition. For example, if the base fertilizer composition is a phosphate, the barrier coating material 104 may comprise urea, langbeinite (also known as K-Mag or K2Mg2 (SO4) 3), ammonium sulfate (NH4) 2SO4), sulfate potassium (K2SO4), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), calcium sulfate (CaSO4), elemental sulfur (S), silicates, their respective hydrates (salt with associated hydration water ['XH20]) and combinations thereof. Micronutrients 106, 206 can comprise boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), chlorine (Cl), cobalt (Co), sodium (Na ), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se) and combinations thereof. Micronutrients 106, 206 can be in the form of separate particles or platelets, and can optionally be incorporated into a PEI matrix. The following examples discuss specific embodiments of the invention. The equipment used in the preparation of each of the examples was a granulating container of 30.48 cm in diameter (33.02 cm wide with 12.7 cm wide bed), equipped with a variable frequency drive (VFD) and vertically mounted. The drum was not signaled; it was only equipped with sliding bars to keep the bed moving. Exemplary materials were prepared in batch mode by first loading the granulate with uncoated MAP, followed by adding the appropriate barrier material to eventually coat the MAP particles. The appropriate micronutrient (s) were then added to the coated granules together with a polymer that is effective in improving the water solubility of the micronutrients. Example 1: Urea barrier coating Uncoated MAP was completely coated with melted urea (about 10%) and allowed to cool. The coated granules were spray-coated with heated PEI and subsequently coated with zinc in the form of ZnSO4.H2O or copper in the form of Cu SO4.5H2O. The complex was then formed by spraying with a small amount (about 0.25%) of acidic water (pH adjusted to about 2). Talc (about 1%) was added to obtain free flowing granules. Example 2: Coating with K-Mag (K2Mg2 (SO4) 3) Uncoated MAP was completely coated with powdered K-Mag combined with half its weight being diluted calcium lignosulfonate (diluted to 70/30 weight / weight CLS / H2O with CLS comprising 58% solids). The paste was eventually dispersed over the MAP granules tipping bed and heated to dryness. The coated granules were spray-coated with PEI (99%) and subsequently coated with zinc in the form of ZnSO4.H2O. The complex was then formed by spraying with a small amount (about 0.25%) of acidic water (pH adjusted to about 2 with citric acid). The coated granules were then air dried. Talc (about 1%) was added to obtain free flowing granules. Example 3: Coating with ammonium sulfate ((NH4) 2SO4) Uncoated MAP was completely coated with powdered ammonium sulphate combination having an equal weight of diluted calcium lignosulfonate solution (diluted to 70/30 weight / weight of CLS / H2O with CLS comprising 58% solids) to form a paste fluid. The paste was eventually dispersed over the MAP granules tipping bed and heated to dryness. The coated granules were spray-coated with heated PEI (99%) and subsequently coated with zinc in the form of ZnSO4.H2O. The complex was then formed by spraying with a small amount (about 0.25%) of acidic water (pH adjusted to about 2 with citric acid). The coated granules were then air dried. Talc (about 1%) was added to obtain free flowing granules. Example 4: Coating with potassium sulfate (K2SO4) Uncoated MAP was completely coated with a powdered ammonium sulphate combination having half its weight being diluted calcium lignosulfonate solution (diluted to 70/30 weight / weight CLS / H2O with CLS comprising 58% solids) to form a fluid paste. The paste was eventually dispersed over the MAP granules tipping bed and heated to dryness. The coated granules were spray-coated with heated PEI (99%) and subsequently coated with zinc in the form of ZnSO4.H2O. The complex was then formed by spraying with a small amount (about 0.25%) of acidic water (pH adjusted to about 2 with citric acid). The coated granules were then air dried. Talc (about 1%) was added to obtain free flowing granules. As shown in the graph in figure 3, the fertilizer composition coated with K-Mag as the barrier coating material (Example 2), resulted in a higher dissolution percentage of micronutrients after eight hours. All the proposed examples resulted in a significantly higher dissolution than that of a product where micronutrients are incorporated into the phosphate fertilizer. As shown in the graph in figure 4, the coated fertilizer composition employing K-Mag as the barrier coating material (Example 2) also performed best, in terms of the water solubility effect on zinc absorption by plants. The invention can be realized in other specific ways without departing from its essential attributes and, therefore, the illustrated modalities must be considered in all aspects as illustrative and not restrictive. The claims provided for in this document are intended to ensure the adequacy of this application in order to establish foreign priority and for no other purpose.
权利要求:
Claims (14) [0001] 1. Fertilizer composition characterized by comprising: a granule of basic fertilizer, in which the basic fertilizer is a phosphate; a barrier coating covering at least a portion of an outer surface of the base fertilizer granule, the barrier coating being selected from the group consisting of urea, langbeinite, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium, elemental sulfur, silicates, their hydrates, and combinations thereof; one or more micronutrients dispersed in the barrier coating, such that one or more micronutrients are chemically and physically isolated from the base fertilizer granule; and a polymeric coating covering at least a portion of the barrier coating, and one or more additional micronutrients incorporated in or on the polymeric coating. [0002] 2. Fertilizer composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the basic fertilizer is selected from mono-ammonium phosphate, di-ammonium phosphate, simple superphosphate, triple superphosphate and combinations thereof. [0003] 3. Fertilizer composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrier coating is a material that is not reactive with the base fertilizer and with one or more micronutrients. [0004] 4. Fertilizer composition according to claim 1, characterized by one or more micronutrients being selected from boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, chlorine, cobalt, sodium, nickel, selenium and their combinations. [0005] Fertilizer composition according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more additional micronutrients are adhered to an external surface of the polymer coating. [0006] 6. Fertilizer composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the polymer coating comprises a polymer of the polyethyleneimine (PEI) family of polymers. [0007] 7. Fertilizer composition according to claim 6, characterized in that the one or more additional micronutrients cover at least a part of the outer surface of the polymer coating. [0008] 8. Fertilizer composition according to claim 7, characterized in that the polymer coating comprises a polymer of the polyethyleneimine (PEI) family of polymers. [0009] Method for making a fertilizer composition as defined in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: providing a base fertilizer granule comprising a phosphate, - coating at least a portion of the base fertilizer granules with a barrier coating, the coating barrier being selected from the group consisting of urea, langbeinite, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, elemental sulfur, silicates, the respective hydrates, and their combinations; adding one or more micronutrients to the barrier coating, such that one or more micronutrients are chemically and physically isolated from the base fertilizer granule; coating at least a portion of the barrier coating with a heated polymeric coating; adhering one or more micronutrients to the heated polymeric coating; and cooling the heated polymeric coating. [0010] 10. Method, according to claim 9, characterized in that the base fertilizer is selected from mono-ammonium phosphate, di-ammonium phosphate, simple superphosphate, triple superphosphate and their combinations. [0011] 11. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the barrier coating is a material that is not reactive with the base fertilizer and with one or more micronutrients. [0012] 12. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that one or more micronutrients are selected from boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, chlorine, cobalt, sodium, nickel, selenium and combinations thereof. [0013] 13. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the heated polymeric coating comprises a polymer of the polyethyleneimine (PEI) family of polymers. [0014] 14. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the addition of one or more micronutrients to the barrier coating comprises: dispersing the one or more micronutrients within the barrier coating before coating the base fertilizer granule, with the barrier coating.
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法律状态:
2019-02-05| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]| 2019-10-08| B07A| Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]| 2020-03-03| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]| 2020-04-07| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: THE MOSAIC COMPANY (US) | 2020-07-21| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]| 2020-10-20| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 23/02/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 US30989410P| true| 2010-03-03|2010-03-03| US61/309,894|2010-03-03| US31101110P| true| 2010-03-05|2010-03-05| US61/311,011|2010-03-05| PCT/US2011/025880|WO2011109202A2|2010-03-03|2011-02-23|Fertilizer composition containing micronutrients and methods of making same| 相关专利
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