• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    ICE BREAK PROBE FOR MEASURING TOTAL AIR TEMPERATURE The invention relates to a device for measuring at least one physical parameter of a fluid flow, notably the total air temperature, which comprises: a profile body (2) that has a elongated shape along a longitudinal axis (L) and presenting at least two walls placed contiguously with respect to each other, at an acute angle, to form a corner portion (7), said corner portion (7) being extending in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the profiled body (2); at least one sensitive element (4) to measure the physical flow parameter of the fluid, said sensitive element (4) being placed in a window (3) arranged through the profiled body (2), characterized by the fact that each of the walls (71; 72) forming the corner portion (7) comprise at least one notch that forms an angle return in relation to said wall (71; 72) in order to weaken the formation of ice on the corner portion (7).
    公开号:BR112012020403B1
    申请号:R112012020403-3
    申请日:2011-02-23
    公开日:2020-12-29
    发明作者:Sébastien Dijon；David Lapeyronnie；Bruno Lhuillier
    申请人:Auxitrol S.A；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Domain of the invention
    [0001] The present invention relates to a device for measuring at least one physical parameter on a fluid flow and, more precisely, an anti-ice probe for measuring the total temperature.
    [0002] It finds, in particular, an advantageous application in the field of aeronautics, for measuring the total air temperature at the entrance of engines and / or outside aircraft, such as cruise planes. State of the art
    [0003] Conventionally, in an airplane on which engines are mounted, temperature measurement devices that measure the temperature of air flows are placed at the air inlet or near the intake of the engines or on an external surface of the plane.
    [0004] The air on the outer surface of an airplane forms a high-speed airflow, and it is necessary to measure the total temperature of this airflow. There are several types of probes that allow you to measure the total air temperature. In particular, it is possible to use a temperature measuring device that has a structure in which the total temperature is measured by reducing the flow rate of the air flow that passes through a passage that integrates a sensitive element. Such a measuring device is described, for example, in French Patent Application FR 91-0845, filed by the Applicants on September 2, 1991, and published under the reference FR 2,680,872.
    [0005] However, when an airplane flies in frost or snow conditions, then this frost and / or this snow will accumulate on the spacecraft's walls to stop and cause the formation of ice that sticks to the walls, which can disrupt the functioning probe if a very large amount of ice is present. On the other hand, if frost and / or snow penetrate the window that integrates the pickup designed to measure the air flow, there may also be ice formation in this area, which can cause inaccuracies in the measurements and even prevent the work.
    [0006] Several solutions have been proposed to remedy these malfunctioning problems due to the formation of ice on the probe.
    [0007] A first solution is to use measuring probes that integrate a heating mechanism designed to heat the body of the probe, and thus prevent ice from forming on the walls of said probe. If such systems are quite effective in preventing frost and / or snow from adhering to the probe body, measurements made by the sensitive elements of the probe are generally disturbed by the heating mechanism used, which leads to inaccuracies in the values of the measured parameters and disturb the normal probe operation, as this makes the availability of information complex because it is necessary to compensate with different algorithms (depending on the power of the probe or not).
    [0008] Other solutions have therefore been proposed, in order to avoid having to resort to such an additional heating mechanism. Thus, for example, it was proposed in US Patent 5,752,674, published on May 19, 1998, to use an icebreaker shield designed to be positioned upstream of the probe in the direction of fluid flow, in order to favor the growth of ice on this shield instead of on the probe. The icebreaker shield proposed in this document has a complex shape that comprises several portions in the form of a blade, all different from each other, and in such a way as to create several areas of ice formation. Once the ice forms on the shield in several places, then the pieces of ice formed are smaller in size compared to a single piece of ice that would form on a single blade-shaped portion, so that when the pieces of ice ice breaks and is dragged from the shield, its small size reduces the risk of damaging the elements located downstream from the probe. The manufacture of such an anti-ice shield is, however, very complex, due to its very specific shape. In addition, the various blade-shaped portions weaken the overall structure of the shield, which is even more true that this shield is brought over the probe body, which also weakens the whole.
    [0009] In French Patent Application FR 02-02967 published on September 20, 2002 under the reference FR 2,822,230, a probe is proposed whose body is profiled to favor a premature extraction (pullout) of the ice that comes from adhering to the walls of the probe body, so that the pieces of ice detach themselves from the probe body in a growth stage such that they do not damage the elements located downstream of the probe. For this, the proposed probe has a blade shape, with very particular dimensions to reduce the surface of ice adhesion on the probe and, equally, so that the adhesive power of the probe body is reduced. The proposed probe is therefore very thin, with very important angles of inclination in relation to the probe's fixation plane, which weakens the probe in terms of itself, which can be problematic in case of forced use of the probe in extreme conditions.
    [0010] An objective of the present invention is, therefore, to propose a device for measuring a physical parameter of a fluid flow, intended to be placed on an aircraft, which allows the probe to work in all climatic conditions, particularly in the presence of frost and / or snow, without disturbing the measurements made, and which allows to solve at least one of the inconveniences previously mentioned.
    [0011] An objective of the present invention is, in particular, to propose an anti-ice probe that can be manufactured in a simple way, and that has an increased resistance in extreme climatic conditions.
    [0012] The proposed probe allows, on the other hand, to avoid any deterioration of elements placed downstream of the probe in relation to the direction of fluid flow, limiting the size of the pieces of ice that detach from the probe body. Description of the invention
    [0013] For this purpose, a device for measuring at least one physical parameter of a fluid flow is proposed, notably the total air temperature, which comprises: a profile body that has an elongated shape along a longitudinal axis L, and which presents at least two walls placed contiguously with respect to each other at an acute angle, to form a corner portion, said corner portion extending in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the profiled body; at least one sensitive element to measure the physical flow parameter of the fluid, said sensitive element being placed in a window arranged through the profiled body, characterized by the fact that each of the walls forming the corner portion comprises at least one notch that it forms an angle return in relation to said wall, in order to speed up the formation of ice on the corner portion.
    [0014] The notches provided on the corner portion are different from the window that crosses, inside which the sensitive element is placed.
    [0015] Preferred, but not limiting, aspects of this measuring device, taken in isolation or in any combination that is technically possible, are as follows: - the profile body has a symmetry in relation to a median plane that passes through the longitudinal axis L, the walls forming the corner portion comprising the same number of notches symmetrical in relation to said plane. - each notch has an elongated shape in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of the profiled body. - each notch does not extend to the edge common to the two walls that form the corner portion. - each of the walls forming the corner portion comprises three notches, one of the notches being formed in relation to the window arranged through the profiled body, which comprises the sensitive element. - the two walls forming the corner portion are arranged at an angle of at least 30 °, and preferably between 35 ° and 40 °. - the surfaces of the notches formed on each of the walls of the corner portion form an angle of at least 25 ° between them, and preferably between 25 ° and 30 °, this angle being, on the other hand, less than the angle formed between the walls of the corner portion. - the profiled body extends from a fixing bridle to said fixing bridle having a support that defines a fixing plane for the measuring device, and in which the window comprising the sensitive element is arranged in the profiled body at the end opposite to the end attached to the fastening flange. the profiled body comprises two complementary walls which extend, respectively, from the two walls forming the corner portion, said two complementary walls being substantially parallel to each other, and defining a main portion of the profiled body. - the window comprising the sensitive element is formed through the main portion of the profiled body, from one of the two complementary walls to the other of the two complementary walls. - each of the complementary walls is arranged in relation to the corresponding wall of the corner portion, so as to form a disengagement. - each notch extends to the disengagement formed between the walls of the corner portion and the complementary walls of the main portion. - the profiled body comprises two other complementary walls that extend, respectively, from the two complementary walls parallel to each other, forming the main portion, said two other complementary walls being, otherwise, arranged in a contiguous manner with respect to the other at an acute angle, to form a second corner portion, said second corner portion extending in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the profiled body. - the profiled body is dimensioned from a unit of length UL the following principles - the walls that form the first corner portion are identical, so that the cross section of said first corner portion is an isosceles triangle with a height of dimension between 2 UL and 4 UL, preferably 3 UL, and a dimension base comprises between 1 UL and 3 UL, preferably 1.5 UL; - the complementary walls forming the main portion are identical, so that the cross section of said main portion is a rectangle with a dimension length between 1 UL and 3 UL, preferably 2 UL and a dimension width between 1 UL and 1.5 UL, preferably 1.2 UL; - the other complementary walls that form the second corner portion are identical, so that the cross section of said second corner portion is an isosceles triangle with a height dimension between 1 UL and 2 UL, preferably 1.5 UL, and a base size between 1 UL and 1.5 UL, preferably 1.2 UL. - two sensitive elements are arranged in the arranged window through the profiled body, said sensitive elements having a cylindrical shape with diameter Φ, and being placed along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the profiled body, said sensitive elements being positioned so that : - the distance between the longitudinal axes of the two sensitive elements is between 1Φ and 3Φ, preferably 2Φ; - the distance between the longitudinal axis L of each sensitive element and the base of the triangular cross section characteristic of the first corner portion is between 3 entre and 5Φ, and preferably 4.5 Φ; - the distance between the longitudinal axis L of each sensitive element and the base of the triangular cross section characteristic of the second corner portion is between 2Φ and 3Φ and is preferably 2.5 Φ. - each wall of the profiled body is substantially flat. Description of the figures
    [0016] Other features and advantages of the invention will also appear in the description that follows, which is purely illustrative and not limiting, and should be read in relation to the attached drawings, in which:
    [0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of an anti-ice probe according to a first embodiment of the invention;
    [0018] Figure 2 is a side view of the anti-ice probe in Figure 1;
    [0019] Figures 3a, 3b and 3c are seen in section of the anti-ice probe of figure 1 according to lines A-A, B-B, C-C, respectively;
    [0020] Figures 4a and 4b are sectional views that schematically represent the formation of ice on the blade portion of the anti-ice probe of figure 1;
    [0021] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional view of an anti-ice probe according to a second embodiment of the invention;
    [0022] Figure 6 is a front view of the anti-ice probe in Figure 5;
    [0023] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional view of an anti-ice probe according to a third embodiment of the invention;
    [0024] Figures 8a and 8b are seen in section of the anti-ice probe of figure 7 according to lines A-A and B-B, respectively;
    [0025] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional view of an anti-ice probe according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;
    [0026] Figure 10 is a schematic representation that illustrates the resizing of an anti-ice probe according to the invention. Detailed description of the invention
    [0027] Figures 1 and 2 are, respectively, a perspective view and a side view of an anti-ice probe 1 for the measurement of physical parameters of a fluid flow represented by the F arrow.
    [0028] The anti-freeze probe 1 comprises a profiled body 2 which has a substantially elongated shape along a longitudinal axis L.
    [0029] As shown in figures 1 and 2, a window 3 that passes through is arranged through the profiled body 2 to allow the flow of a flow to be measured, this flow being removed from the flow of fluid F, between an inlet and an exit orifice of said window 3, each orifice being located on the opposite faces of the profiled body 2. The window 3 thus forms a conduit that crosses between the two walls of the profiled body 2 of the probe. This window 3 arranged through the probe body 2 allows to place one or several pickups 4 for measuring physical parameters of the fluid flow, such as for measuring the temperature, for example. It is thus possible to envisage any sensitive element known to the person skilled in the art having, for example, an elongated cylindrical shape arranged in window 3, so as to position the axis of the sensitive element 4 substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L that characterizes the elongated shape of the body probe 2.
    [0030] The anti-freeze probe 1 preferably also comprises a fixing bridle 5 from which the profiled body 2 of the probe 1 extends. This fixing bridle 5 comprises a support 6 which allows to fix said antifreeze probe 1 to an aircraft wall, for example, in order to place the probe body 2 in a longitudinal direction substantially perpendicular to the F direction in the fluid flow.
    [0031] In addition to the presence of a window that crosses 3, which allows the positioning of the sensitive elements 4 for the measurement of physical parameters that characterize the fluid, the profile body 2 has a particular shape that prevents the formation of ice from disturbing the measurements made by the sensitive element (s) 4, and also to prevent the ice formed on the probe 1 from damaging the aircraft elements placed downstream of the probe 1 in relation to the flow of fluid flow F .
    [0032] Thus, the profiled body 2 comprises a corner portion 7 in front of the probe 1, meaning that it is intended to be placed upstream according to the flow direction of the fluid flow F. This corner portion 7 can thus be qualified of portion in front corner.
    [0033] More precisely, the profiled body 2 comprises two walls 71 and 72 placed in relation to each other so as to have a contiguous edge, and to form an acute angle, this particular arrangement of the walls thus constituting the corner portion 7 of the profiled body 2. The edge contiguous to these two walls 71 and 72 is preferably arranged in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the profiled body 2, so that the corner portion 7 is substantially perpendicular to the support 6 of the fastening flange 5 from which the profiled body 2 of probe 1 extends.
    [0034] The acute angle between the two walls 71 and 72 which corresponds to the angle formed by the two walls in the transverse plane of the probe perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the profiled body, is chosen so that the frost and / or snow carried in the fluid flow Please adhere to said walls 71 and 72 that form the corner portion 7, more particularly at the tip level of this corner portion 7. Thus, an angle greater than 30 ° and preferably between 35 ° and 40 ° will be chosen.
    [0035] According to the invention, the corner portion 7 of the profiled body 2 of the probe 1 further comprises a plurality of notches 73 dug on each of the walls 71 and 72. Each notch 73 constitutes a roughing carried out on the surface of each of the walls 71 and 72. Thus, the notches 73 do not cross in relation to the probe body, they are thinned out on the walls 71 and 72. As will be seen further, these notches aim to weaken the ice in formation on the walls 71 and 72 of the corner portion 7 in order to weaken this piece of ice in formation and favor a premature breaking of said ice so that it breaks into a plurality of pieces of ice of a sufficiently small size, so as not to come damaging the elements placed downstream of probe 1.
    [0036] The indentations 73 formed on the walls 71 and 72 of the corner portion 7 can have different shapes and positioning, as long as these allow a first homogeneous ice formation on the tip of the corner portion 7, that is, at the edge level common to walls 71, 72, then a different growth of this ice according to whether it forms on a notched part of the corner portion 7 or a non-notched part of the corner portion 7.
    [0037] Preferably, the indentations are formed symmetrically on each of the walls 71 and 72, so that the formation and embrittlement of the piece of ice takes place in an equally symmetrical way when the fluid flow F collides ahead of probe 1 in a uniform manner, that is, following a direction perpendicular to the frontal plane of probe 1 that passes through its longitudinal axis L.
    [0038] Preferably, the notches 73 are in the form of grooves extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of the profiled body 2 of the probe 1. Even more preferably, these grooves are flat.
    [0039] The grooves 73 formed on each of the walls 71 and 72 preferably form an angle between them less than the acute angle formed between the walls 71 and 72 of the corner portion (angles in the transverse plane of the probe perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the body profiled). For example, it is possible to choose an angle greater than 30 ° between the slots 73 of each of the walls 71 and 72.
    [0040] The notches 73 formed in the walls 71 and 72 of the profiled body 2 do not extend to the contiguous edge common to said walls 71 and 72. Thus, the corner portion 7 comprises a front part in relation to the direction of the fluid flow F, which is identical over the entire height of the corner portion 7.
    [0041] In addition to the corner portion 7 located in front of the probe body 2 in relation to the direction of fluid flow F, the profiled body 2 comprises a main portion 8 through which the window 3 is arranged which allows the positioning of the sensitive elements 4 for measuring physical parameters of fluid flow. It is clear from this arrangement that the notches 73 are distinct from the window 3 which crosses the profiled body 2.
    [0042] The shape of this main portion 8 can be any, but is preferably formed by two walls 81 and 82 parallel to each other and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the profiled body 2, as shown in figures 1 and 2, and figures 3a to 3c representing sectional views of the profile body 2 of figure 1 according to different cutting planes.
    [0043] Preferably, the walls 81 and 82 forming the main portion 8 of the profiled body 2 extend from the walls 71 and 72 of the corner portion 7 so as to form a disengagement with respect to these walls 71 and 72.
    [0044] The use of the notches 73 on the corner portion 7 in front of the probe therefore makes it possible to weaken the ice forming on said walls, and to favor its detachment from said probe. This does not require the probe to comprise a heating mechanism designed to heat the probe body, to melt the accumulation of ice. Thus, preferably, the proposed anti-ice probe does not comprise a specific heating mechanism to melt the ice.
    [0045] The profiled body 2 of probe 1 may, on the other hand, also comprise a rear corner portion 9, that is to say placed at the opposite end of probe 1 in relation to the corner portion 7 according to the direction of fluid flow F.
    [0046] This second corner portion 9 also consists of two walls 91 and 92 that form an acute angle between them, these walls extending from walls 81 and 82 forming the main portion 8. The walls 91 and 92 that form the second corner portion 9 are preferably in the extension of the walls 81 and 82 of the main portion 8, so that no disengagement is formed between the main portion 8 and the second corner portion 9 of the profiled body 2 of the probe 1.
    [0047] The profiled body 2 of the probe 1 can extend directly from the support 6 of the fixation bridle 5. An intermediate portion 10 can also be provided which elongates the profiled body 2 of the probe in order to displace the sensitive element 4 in relation to the fixation plane of the probe 1. This intermediate portion 10 also makes it possible to reinforce the overall structure of the probe 1, notably the attachment of the profiled body 2 to the fixation bridle 5.
    [0048] Figures 4a and 4b schematically illustrate the formation of ice on the corner portion 7 when the fluid flow F hits the profiled body 2 of the probe 1 in a frontal manner, that is, following a direction perpendicular to the frontal plane of probe 1 passing through its longitudinal axis L. More precisely, figure 4a illustrates the formation of ice on the corner portion 7 at a level of the walls 71 and 72 that does not comprise notches, whereas the scheme of figure 4b illustrates the formation of ice on the corner portion 7 at a level of the walls 71 and 72 comprising a notch 73.
    [0049] When the antifreeze probe 1 is in a fluid flow F comprising frost and / or snow, these elements come to adhere to the walls 71 and 72 of the corner element 7 at the level of the tip of the corner element. The corner element 7 is formed in such a way that its front part, that is to say the front end in relation to the profiled body 2 of the probe 1, has an identical shape over the entire height; the notches 73 provided on the walls 71 and 72 do not actually extend to the corner portion 7 tip. In this way the initial formation of ice on the corner portion 7 takes place uniformly over its entire height so that the tip is with 73 notches or not. The ice layer initially formed on the corner portion 7 is shown in figures 4a and 4b referred to as C1.
    [0050] Since the initial layer of ice C1 has been formed on the front tip of the corner portion 7, the ice continues to grow from this base layer that covers the tip of the corner portion 7. However, unlike the deposition of the first initial layer C1 of ice on the corner portion 7, the interior growth of the ice on this initial layer of ice C1 is done differently according to whether it is placed on a level of the corner portion 7 that does not comprise notch or on a level the corner portion 7 comprising notches 73.
    [0051] In effect, as shown in Figure 4a, when the ice grows over a part of the corner portion 7 that does not comprise a notch, then the ice growth takes place in a substantially homogeneous manner over the entire surface of the initial layer of ice C1. Thus, a layer C2 of ice is formed relatively homogeneously over the initial layer of ice C1 that adheres to the tip of the corner portion 7 of the profiled body 2 of probe 1. As shown in figure 4b, the growth of the ice at the level of a part of the corner portion 7 comprising notches 73 is different, this being disturbed by the return of the angle formed by said notch 73 in relation to walls 71 and 72. The layer of ice C3 formed on a level with notches 73 has then a different profile from the ice layer C2 formed at one level of the corner portion 7 devoid of notch.
    [0052] Thus, the growth of ice on the initial layer C1 is done differently, according to whether it is placed on a level of the corner portion 7 that comprises notches 73 or on a level of the corner portion 7 that does not comprise notches, the way that the ice that forms along the corner portion 7 is weakened as it grows due to the presence of notches 73 in the corner portion 7. On the other hand, the differences observed in the growth of the ice, as illustrated in figures 4a and 4b, are more and more marked as the ice grows over the corner portion 7, so that the fragility of the progressive action of the ice forming on the corner portion 7 achieves a premature breakage of the ice formed on the corner portion corner 7, and then an extraction of pieces of ice, this extraction being moreover favored by the flow of fluid that comes against the ice, thus creating imbalances.
    [0053] Thus, the particular design presented for the profiled body 2, comprising a portion in the front corner 7 with walls 71 and 72 provided with notches 73, favors an inhomogeneous growth of the ice over said portion in the corner 7, thereby weakening the ice formed along the corner portion 7 which favors a premature breakage of said forming ice and small pieces of ice, which has the advantage of not damaging the elements placed downstream of the anti-ice probe 1.
    [0054] Depending on the frost conditions, in particular when the temperature is not very low (slightly negative temperature generally above -5 ° C), the ice layer C1 initially formed on the tip of the corner portion 7 may tend to remain fixed to the walls of the corner portion 7 including there the moment when the upper ice layers break and extract from the corner portion 7, to be expelled downstream from the anti-ice probe 1. The particular design of the probe allows this layer of ice C1 always remain very thin, not changing as a result of the dimensional balance of the probe, which allows not to disturb the temperature measurements of the air flow. In particular, the dimensions of this C1 ice layer imply a modification of the probe's profile which is negligible in relation to the recovery error (the recovery error being linked to the geometric shape of the probe and its ability to convert kinetic energy in molecular agitation energy).
    [0055] On the other hand, this layer of ice C1, whether it is reformed after the total extraction of ice or whether it has remained attached on the corner portion, serves as a basis for the interior growth of new pieces of ice on the portion in corner 7, according to the same growth mechanism as the one invoked above, namely, an inhomogeneous growth according to whether it is placed on a level of the corner portion 7 comprising notches 73, or on a level of the corner portion 7 that does not understand such notches.
    [0056] The fact that the angle formed by the walls 71 and 72 of the corner portion 7 located in front of the probe 1 is relatively important (preferably above 30 °, and still preferably between 35 ° and 40 °), allows to protect the pickups 4 for measuring the physical parameters of the fluid flow, since the important angle formed by these walls allows the pieces of ice that come to be extracted from the corner portion 7 to be pushed outwards in relation to the profiled body 2 of the probe 1. This particular profile of the corner portion 7 allows, in effect, to prevent the pieces of ice that are extracted from the corner portion 7 from, for example, sinking inside the window 3 where the measuring sensors 4 are placed, which could disrupt their functioning and even damage them.
    [0057] On the embodiment shown in figures 1 and 2, a notch 73 is placed in relation to the window that crosses 3 inside which the pickups 4. are placed. This has the advantage of favoring the embrittlement of the ice forming on the corner portion 7 at the level of the window that crosses 3, so that the pieces of ice that are extracted from the corner portion 7 at the level of the window that crosses 3 will be particularly small. Thus, in spite of the particular profile of the corner portion 7 designed to remove the pieces of ice that are extracted from this corner portion 7, pieces of ice that come anyway to penetrate the window that crosses 3, the fact that the pieces of ice small in size, it reduces the risk of damage to the measurement pickups 4.
    [0058] The number of notches 73 formed on the corner portion 7 and their relative positioning along the walls of the corner portion 7 may vary. The embodiment shown in figures 1 and 2 is an embodiment used for the anti-ice probe in which each wall 71 and 72 comprises three grooves 73 in the form of grooves evenly distributed along the corner portion 7, multiplying thus the areas of embrittlement of the ice forming on this corner portion 7 and thus favoring the formation of so many pieces of ice whose size is resource size is reduced. On the other hand, as we have seen, one of these notches 73 is placed in relation to the window that crosses 3 formed in the profiled body 2 of the probe 1 to integrate the measurement sensors 4, which allows to reduce the risk of damage to these sensitive elements 4 by the pieces of ice that will cross the window 3 in spite of the open profile of the corner portion 7.
    [0059] However, it is possible to provide other designs for the corner portion 7 located in front of the anti-ice probe 1. In particular, figures 5 and 6 illustrate an embodiment for which two notches 73 are provided on each wall 71, 72, these notches are presented in the form of grooves placed in different positions along the corner portion 7. Preferably, as shown in figure 6, the notches 73 provided on the first wall 71 are decaled in relation to the notches predicted on the second wall 72, which allows for an inhomogeneous growth of the ice, and then a premature break of it.
    [0060] The embodiment shown in figures 7, 8a and 8b comprises, in this respect, also two notches 74 distributed in a particular way along the corner portion 7. However, the notches 74 illustrated in this embodiment are not grooves, but more complex cuts that have a substantially elongated shape along the longitudinal axis L of the profiled body 2.
    [0061] According to a different embodiment of the probe, as shown in Figure 9, notches 75 are provided which are also in the form of elongated thinning along the longitudinal axis L of the profiled body, with the difference that these thinning are of smaller size in relation to the thinning of the embodiment of figure 7, especially with regard to the dimension along the longitudinal axis L. In this case, as illustrated in figure 9, it is preferable to provide for a more important number of notches along the body profiled, for example, three notches, placing a notch 75 in relation to the window 3 intended to receive the sensitive elements 4.
    [0062] The dimensioning of the anti-ice probe 1 can be used so that it is operational in any operating condition. For this, it is important that the shape of the probe allows to avoid that any element other than the fluid flow F to be measured does not penetrate inside the window that passes through 3, which comprises the sensitive elements for the measurement of physical parameters of the fluid flow. This will allow, in particular, that the anti-ice probe 1 can work in frost, snow or rain conditions, without these particles entering the interior of the window that passes through 3. Preferably, each wall that forms the probe body 2 is substantially flat.
    [0063] It is therefore possible to dimension probe 1 using the resizing rules below and whose figure 10 illustrates the dimensioning used.
    [0064] The profiled body 2 is dimensioned from a UL length unit according to the following principles (the expression <<xUL>> means << three times the UL length >>. - the walls that form the first corner portion 7 are identical, so that the cross section (cross-section of the profiled body 2 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L) of said first corner portion 7 is an isosceles triangle with a height between 2 UL and 4 UL, preferably 3 UL and a base size between 1 UL and 2 UL preferably 1.5 UL; - the complementary walls that form the main portion 8 are identical, so that the cross section (section in the plane cross section of the profiled body 2 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L) of said main portion 8 is a rectangle with a dimension length between 1 UL and 2 UL, preferably 2 UL and a dimension width between 1 UL and 1.5 UL preferably 1.2 UL; the other complementary walls that form the second corner portion 9 are identical, so that the cross section (cross-section of the profiled body 2 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L) of said second corner portion 9 is an isosceles triangle with a height between 1 UL and 2 UL, preferably 1.5 UL and a base between 1 UL and 1.5 UL, preferably 1.2 UL.
    [0065] Furthermore, when the probe comprises two sensitive elements 4 placed in the window 3 arranged through the profiled body 2, said sensitive elements 4, which have a cylindrical shape with diameter Φ and which are placed along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the profiled body 2 it is preferable that these sensitive elements 4 are positioned so that (by the expression << xΦ >> is meant << x times the diameter Φ >>): - the distance between the longitudinal axes of the two sensitive elements 4 is between 1Φ and 3Φ, and is preferably 2Φ; - the distance between the longitudinal axis of each sensitive element 4 and the base of the triangular cross section characteristic of the first corner portion 7 is between 3Φ and 5Φ and is preferably 4.5 Φ; - the distance between the longitudinal axis of each sensitive element 4 and the base of the triangular cross section characteristic of the second corner portion 9 is between 2Φ and 4Φ and is preferably 2.5Φ.
    [0066] In this case, it is preferable that the relationship between the diameter Φ of the sensitive element 4 and the length unit L that allows the profile body 2 to be dimensioned, is such that the relationship between the length unit L and the diameter Φ is between 3 and 4, with preference UL approximately 3.5 Φ.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [0001]
    1. Device for measuring at least one physical parameter of a fluid flow, notably the total air temperature, comprising: a profile body (2) that has an elongated shape along the longitudinal axis (L) and that has at least two walls arranged contiguously with respect to each other at an acute angle, to form a corner portion (7), said corner portion (7) extending in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the profiled body (2 ); at least one sensitive element (4) to measure the physical flow parameter of the fluid, said sensitive element (4) being placed in a window (3) arranged through the profiled body (2); characterized by the fact that each of the walls (71, 72) forming the corner portion (7) comprises at least one notch distinct from the window (3), said notch forming an angle return in relation to said wall (71, 72) to weaken the ice formation on the corner portion (7).
    [0002]
    2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the profiled body (2) has a symmetry in relation to a median plane that passes through the longitudinal axis (L), the walls (71 72) forming the corner portion ( 7) which comprises the same number of symmetrical notches in relation to said plane.
    [0003]
    Device according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that each notch has an elongated shape in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (L) of the profiled body (2).
    [0004]
    Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each notch does not extend to the edge common to the two walls (71, 72) that form the corner portion (7).
    [0005]
    Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each of the walls (71, 72) forming the corner portion (7) comprises three notches, one of the notches being formed in relation to the window ( 3) arranged through the profiled body (2) which comprises the sensitive element (4).
    [0006]
    Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two walls (71, 72) forming the corner portion (7) are arranged at an angle of at least 30 ° and preferably between 35 ° and 40 °.
    [0007]
    Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the surfaces of the notches formed on each of the walls (71, 72) of the corner portion (7) form an angle of at least 25 ° between them and preferably comprised between 25 ° and 30 °, this angle being on the other hand within the angle formed between the walls (71, 72) of the corner portion (7).
    [0008]
    Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the profiled body (2) extends from a fixing flap (5), said fixing flap (5) having a support (6) defining a fixing plane for the measuring device and in which the window (3) comprising the sensitive element (4) is arranged in the profiled body (2) at the opposite end in relation to the end coupled to the fixing flange (5) .
    [0009]
    Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the profiled body (2) comprises two complementary walls (81, 82) that extend respectively from the two walls (71, 72) that form the corner portion (7), said two complementary walls (81, 82) being substantially parallel to each other and defining a main portion (8) of the profiled body (2).
    [0010]
    Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the window (3) comprising the sensitive element (4) is formed through the main portion (8) of the profiled body (2) from one of the two complementary walls (81 , 82) to the other of the two complementary walls (81, 82).
    [0011]
    Device according to either of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that each of the complementary walls (81, 82) is arranged in relation to the corresponding wall of the corner portion (7) in order to form a disengagement.
    [0012]
    Device according to claim 11, characterized in that each notch extends to the disengagement formed between the walls (71, 72) of the corner portion (7) and the complementary walls (81, 82) of the main portion ( 8).
    [0013]
    Device according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the profiled body (2) comprises two other complementary walls (91, 92) extending respectively from the two parallel complementary walls (81, 82) one in relation to the other forming the main portion (8), said two other complementary walls (91, 92) being, on the other hand, arranged contiguously with respect to each other at an acute angle, to form a second portion in corner (9), said second corner portion (9) extending in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the profiled body (2).
    [0014]
    Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the profile body (2) is dimensioned from a unit of UL length, with the following principles: - the walls (71, 72) that form the first portion in corner (7) are identical in such a way that the cross section of said first corner portion (7) is an isosceles triangle with a height dimension between 2 UL and 4 UL, preferably 3 UL and a base dimension between 1 UL and 3 UL, preferably 1.5 UL; - the complementary walls (81, 82) forming the main portion (8) are identical in such a way that the cross section of said main portion (8) is a rectangle with a length of dimension between 1 UL and 3 UL, preferably 2 UL and a dimension width between 1 UL and 1.5 UL, preferably 1.2 UL; - the other complementary walls (91, 92) that form the second corner portion (9) are identical so that the cross section of said second corner portion (9) is an isosceles triangle with a height of between 1 UL and 2 UL, preferably 1.5 UL, and a base size between 1 UL and 1.5 UL, preferably 1.2 UL.
    [0015]
    Device according to either of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that two sensitive elements (4) are arranged in the window (3) arranged through the profiled body (2), said sensitive elements (4) having a shape cylindrical in diameter Φ and being placed along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the profiled body (2), said sensitive elements (4) being positioned so that: - the distance between the longitudinal axes of the two sensitive elements (4 ) is between 1Φ and 3Φ, preferably 2Φ; - the distance between the longitudinal axis (L) of each sensitive element (4) and the base of the triangular cross section characteristic of the first corner portion (7) is between 3 and 5Φ and is preferably 4.5 Φ; - the distance between the longitudinal axis (L) of each sensitive element (4) and the base of the triangular cross section characteristic of the second corner portion (9) is between 2Φ and 3Φ and is preferably 2.5 Φ.
    [0016]
    16. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each wall of the profiled body (2) is substantially flat.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    BR112012020403B1|2020-12-29|measuring device of at least one physical parameter of a fluid flow
    BR102016006190A2|2016-10-25|aerial data probe, heater mounting method and thermocouple coils, and bulkhead
    EP2700952B1|2016-04-20|Moisture resistant air data probes
    BR102014025632B1|2021-06-01|TOTAL AIR TEMPERATURE PROBE
    US8104955B2|2012-01-31|Aspirated enhanced total air temperature probe
    US10151641B2|2018-12-11|Total air temperature probes for reducing deicing heater error
    US7104502B2|2006-09-12|Ice detector for improved ice detection at near freezing condition
    ES2317453T3|2009-04-16|TOTAL AIR TEMPERATURE PROBES TO IMPROVE THE OPERATION OF THE DEFROST HEATER ERROR.
    BR102014021913B1|2021-02-23|total air temperature sensor
    US20050230553A1|2005-10-20|Ice detector for improved ice detection at near freezing condition
    US7056085B2|2006-06-06|Methods and apparatus for sensing parameters of air flows
    CN104833444B|2018-11-13|total air temperature sensor
    BR102015002343A2|2015-12-22|total air temperature probe
    BRPI0603262B1|2021-02-23|aircraft wing including a slat on the leading edge of the wing and a rigid fence attached to a structurally rigid non-movable portion of the wing
    BR102019012187A2|2019-12-17|air data probe, and method for preventing unwanted ice build-up on an air data probe
    BR102020000512A2|2021-01-19|ice detector apparatus, aircraft, and method for detecting ice from an aircraft.
    BRPI0708289A2|2011-05-24|airplane wing
    BR122020016655B1|2021-12-07|MOISTURE RESISTANT AND TOLERANT AIR DATA PROBE
    BR102019023458A2|2020-06-23|AIR DATA PROBE
    Wang et al.2020|Lateral Stability and Control of a Flying Wing Configuration Aircraft
    Soltani et al.2016|The Effect of End Plate on Surface Pressure Distribution over a Swept Wing
    CN110077601A|2019-08-02|Super-cooling waterdrop icing detector and mixed state icing detector
    Kamoushi et al.2012|Investigation of the pressure distribution over a MAV model
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20130022076A1|2013-01-24|
    CA2790157C|2018-04-03|
    CA2790157A1|2011-09-01|
    JP5384756B2|2014-01-08|
    FR2956737A1|2011-08-26|
    HK1177498A1|2013-08-23|
    JP2013520666A|2013-06-06|
    BR112012020403A2|2020-08-25|
    CN102869967A|2013-01-09|
    CN102869967B|2015-01-21|
    FR2956737B1|2012-03-30|
    EP2539675A1|2013-01-02|
    EP2539675B1|2015-04-29|
    WO2011104286A1|2011-09-01|
    US8864370B2|2014-10-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB723813A|1952-05-30|1955-02-09|Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd|Improvements in or relating to bladed rotors for compressors, turbines and like fluid flow machines|
    US2916808A|1955-03-28|1959-12-15|Gen Electric|Method of making a blade for turbomachines|
    US3116395A|1960-04-26|1963-12-31|United Control Corp|Ice detector system|
    GB1029522A|1964-01-22|1966-05-11|Bristol Siddeley Engines Ltd|Apparatus for measuring the temperature of a gas flow|
    US4358075A|1976-06-17|1982-11-09|Antonov Oleg K|Anti-icing device for aerodynamic structures of aircraft|
    US4152938A|1978-05-19|1979-05-08|Karl Danninger|Aircraft temperature probe|
    US4210021A|1978-07-06|1980-07-01|Bantsekin Viktor I|Method and device for detecting icing of objects found in air flow|
    US4263842A|1978-08-02|1981-04-28|Moore Robert D|Adjustable louver assembly|
    US4398688A|1979-12-26|1983-08-16|Lockheed Corporation|Leading edge flap for an airfoil|
    GB2089035B|1980-12-06|1984-10-24|Rolls Royce|Temperature sensor|
    US4494406A|1982-12-23|1985-01-22|Ebtron, Inc.|Means for measuring large area mass flow|
    CA1310943C|1986-04-30|1992-12-01|Walter M. Presz, Jr.|Airfoil-shaped body|
    US4726548A|1986-07-28|1988-02-23|Clites James L|Airfoil self energizing boundary layer control system|
    US5003295A|1987-06-10|1991-03-26|Rosemount Inc.|Ice detector probe|
    US5340301A|1988-08-05|1994-08-23|Northrop Grumman Corporation|Corrugated substructure forming tool|
    US4991976A|1989-05-31|1991-02-12|Weed Instruments Company, Inc.|Temperature sensor probe apparatus and method for improving time response|
    FR2680872A1|1991-09-02|1993-03-05|Auxitrol Sa|Probe for measuring physical parameters of a fluid flow|
    US5334068A|1992-11-09|1994-08-02|Davis Ronald T|Model aircraft corrugated paper board airfoil and method of making same|
    US5731507A|1993-09-17|1998-03-24|Rosemount Aerospace, Inc.|Integral airfoil total temperature sensor|
    US5752674A|1996-08-21|1998-05-19|General Electric Company|Sensor ice shield|
    JPH11320566A|1998-03-12|1999-11-24|Bridgestone Corp|Split mold for tire vulcanizing mold|
    FR2786272B1|1998-11-19|2001-02-09|Auxitrol Sa|IMPROVED PROBE FOR MEASURING PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF A FLUID FLOW|
    JP3501974B2|1999-04-01|2004-03-02|横河電子機器株式会社|Temperature detector|
    FR2808874B1|2000-05-15|2002-07-26|Auxitrol Sa|SENSOR FOR MEASUREMENT OF PHYSICAL PARAMETERS ON A FLUID FLOW AND IN PARTICULAR AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR|
    DE10036290A1|2000-07-26|2002-02-07|Bosch Gmbh Robert|Device for determining at least one parameter of a flowing medium|
    JP3749135B2|2001-03-13|2006-02-22|横河電子機器株式会社|Temperature measuring device|
    FR2840984B1|2002-06-14|2005-03-18|Auxitrol Sa|IMPROVEMENTS IN SENSORS FOR MEASURING AT LEAST ONE PHYSICAL PARAMETER ON A FLUID FLOW AND PARTICULARLY IMPROVEMENTS IN SENSORS DEGIVEN FROM TOTAL AIR TEMPERATURE|
    US6827485B2|2002-07-16|2004-12-07|Rosemount Aerospace Inc.|Fast response temperature sensor|
    DE102006021528B3|2006-02-15|2007-09-13|Epcos Ag|sensor|
    US8100582B1|2007-12-13|2012-01-24|Powell Bradley J|Temperature probe|
    JP5085514B2|2008-11-18|2012-11-28|日置電機株式会社|measuring device|US9429481B2|2012-08-31|2016-08-30|Ametek, Inc.|Apparatus and method for measuring total air temperature within an airflow|
    US9624787B2|2013-09-30|2017-04-18|Rosemount Aerospace Inc.|Total air temperature sensors|
    CN104833443B|2013-10-15|2018-10-02|罗斯蒙特航天公司|Total air temperature sensor|
    US9631985B2|2013-10-16|2017-04-25|Rosemount Aerospace Inc.|Total air temperature sensors|
    US9689755B2|2013-10-22|2017-06-27|Rosemount Aerospace Inc.|Temperature sensors|
    DE102015107814A1|2015-05-19|2016-12-08|Krones Ag|Apparatus and method for heating plastic preforms with decoupled transport means|
    US20160376010A1|2015-06-26|2016-12-29|Rosemount Aerospace Inc.|Systems and methods for preventing ice accumulation|
    US10203253B2|2016-02-10|2019-02-12|Rosemount Aerospace Inc.|Total air temperature probe with efficient particle pass through|
    US10401229B2|2016-11-22|2019-09-03|Honeywell International Inc.|Systems and methods for icing resistant total air temperature probes|
    US10337931B2|2017-01-05|2019-07-02|Honeywell International Inc.|Systems and methods for icing resistant total air temperature probes with air jets|
    WO2018141637A1|2017-01-31|2018-08-09|Belimo Holding Ag|Flow sensor and air flow device with such flow sensor|
    US10436649B2|2017-05-01|2019-10-08|Honeywell International Inc.|Icing resistance total temperature probe with integrated ejector|
    US10422702B2|2017-06-08|2019-09-24|Rosemount Aerospace Inc.|Total air temperature probe with reduced icing sensor flow passage geometry|
    US11105691B2|2018-03-30|2021-08-31|Honeywell International Inc.|Self-regulating heating system for a total air temperature probe|
    US10852203B2|2018-06-15|2020-12-01|Rosemount Aerospace Inc.|Total air temperature probe with concave flow path transitions to outlet|
    US20210270146A1|2020-02-28|2021-09-02|Rosemount Aerospace Inc.|Pressure and temperature sensors and methods of controlling ice accretion on pressure and temperature sensors|
    US20210270144A1|2020-02-28|2021-09-02|Rosemount Aerospace Inc.|Pressure and temperature sensors and related methods|
    法律状态:
    2020-09-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2020-09-15| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-12-01| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-12-29| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 23/02/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1051350|2010-02-25|
    FR1051350A|FR2956737B1|2010-02-25|2010-02-25|ICE BREAKER PROBE FOR MEASURING THE TOTAL AIR TEMPERATURE|
    PCT/EP2011/052701|WO2011104286A1|2010-02-25|2011-02-23|Ice-breaking probe for measuring global air temperature|
    [返回顶部]