• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    PASSIVE MICROVASION AND SENSOR. The present invention relates to an electrically passive device and a method for acoustic emission in situ, and / or release, sampling and / or measurement of a fluid or various materials. The devices can provide a robust timing mechanism to release, sample and / or perform measurements in a predefined program, and, in various embodiments, emit a beep sequence that can be used for triangulations of the device's position, inside, for example, from a hydrocarbon reservoir or a living body.
    公开号:BR112012020285B1
    申请号:R112012020285-5
    申请日:2011-02-11
    公开日:2020-12-29
    发明作者:Dan Angelescu
    申请人:Dan Angelescu；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Cross Reference to Related Orders
    [0001] This application claims the priority of United States Provisional Patent Application serial number 61/337998 filed on February 12, 2010 entitled "Passive Microvessel and Sensor", which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Technical Field
    [0002] The present invention generally relates to an electrically passive device capable of communicating its position by acoustic emission at specific time intervals, and / or of recovering and / or detecting fluid samples at specific time intervals, and / or to release particles, chemicals or pharmaceuticals in a timed manner. More particular embodiments of the present invention refer to an electrically passive vessel for acquiring samples or releasing the various particles / products in a sub-surface formation (such as a geological or marine formation) or a living body, with optional capacity to provide measurements in the sample, and or communicate its position via acoustic emissions. Background of the Technique
    [0003] The collection and analysis of fluid samples from subsurface reservoir formations are often conducted during oil and gas exploration. Such operations are hampered by the specific harsh underground environment in oil fields, including high temperature and pressure (HPHT), corrosive fluids and severely restricted geometry. The difficulty in acquiring and performing measurements on fluid samples in such an environment is further complicated by the use of electronic sensors that typically require power, monitoring and / or telemetry.
    [0004] Various operations related to the oil field such as fracture of a geological formation, would benefit greatly from the ability to produce a map of the geometry of the underground fracture and the evolution of fracture over time. Such a capacity does not currently exist. A similar need exists for a technology that can be used to monitor and perform fracture analysis of underground carbon dioxide sequestration reservoirs.
    [0005] Measurements of fluid properties and composition away from the oil well are difficult to perform in the oil field environment. The ability to inject very small detector devices deep into a geological formation by using a Propant or similar means of transporting the sensor and being able to determine their position and the precise moment when they perform the measurement or acquire a sample would greatly benefit the industry .
    [0006] Measurements need to be performed in other types of high pressure situations, where the development of active detector systems with on-board electronics and data transmission capabilities may be impossible due to environmental emissions (for example, temperatures and pressures that are too high) or can prove to be too expensive to justify economically. Typical examples involve measurements within the aquifer layer, drinking water wells or in an underwater environment. Such an environment can be a lake or sea or ocean.
    [0007] There is often a need to inject or release small particles or small amounts of chemicals at predefined times in a remote environment or in an environment that is difficult to access. Such small particles or chemicals can be used as trackers, can participate in chemical reactions or can be used as pharmaceuticals. Exemplary environments in which such particles, chemicals or pharmaceuticals can be injected include, without limitation, oil and water reservoirs, pre-existing or induced fractures within such reservoirs or within other geological formations, oil, water wells and / or gas, bodies of water such as lakes, rivers and oceans or a human body.
    [0008] The monitoring of reservoirs to strip harmful waste and adjacent water layers for mapping contamination and leaching is also a very important domain, where the need for miniaturized and economical detection solutions is prominent. Summary of the Invention
    [0009] According to one embodiment of the invention, a device includes at least one sampling mechanism. Each sampling mechanism includes a timing diaphragm, a timing cavity, a mechanical structure and an isolated cavity. Each sampling mechanism further includes a microfluidic channel of predefined geometry loaded with a timing fluid having known timing fluid properties. When applying pressure to the timing fluid, the latter advances within the microfluidic channel at a speed dictated by the predefined channel geometry and known timing fluid properties. Upon reaching the timing cavity after a timing interval, the timing fluid applies pressure to the timing diaphragm which breaks and / or deforms the mechanical structure, thus allowing the external fluid to enter the isolated cavity , which can then lead further into the sampling chamber.
    [0010] According to the related embodiments of the invention, the device can include a plurality of sampling mechanisms. At least one sampling mechanism can have a microfluidic channel having different dimensions than another sampling mechanism, in such a way that the timing fluid of the different sampling mechanisms reach their associated cavities at different times. The sampling mechanism may include a check valve that allows fluid flow to enter the sampling chamber, but prevents fluid flow from leaving the sampling chamber.
    [0011] According to still other embodiments related to the invention, an acoustic signal can be emitted from the device in the mechanical structure that breaks and / or deforms. The isolated cavity and the mechanical structure can be shaped to emit a predetermined acoustic signal in the deformed mechanical structure. The device may include a plurality of sampling mechanisms, each sampling mechanism having an acoustic authentication code in the deformation of its associated mechanical structures, in which the acoustic authentication codes of the sampling mechanisms vary. The device may include a plurality of sampling mechanisms, in which at least one sampling mechanism has a microfluidic channel having different dimensions than another sampling mechanism, such that the timing fluid of the different sampling mechanisms reaches their associated cavities at different times in order to produce multiple acoustic events that occur at different times. The sampling chamber can include a sensor element to perform detection and / or measurement on the fluid. The sensor element can include, for example, a material that interacts with the fluid and / or electrodes that allow the electrochemical measurement to be performed on the fluid sample. The device can be electrically passive. The isolated cavity may include a microparticle, a nanoparticle, a chemical, and / or a pharmaceutical product, which is released into the environment after deformation and / or rupture of the mechanical structure that separates the isolated cavity from the external environment. The device may include a filter and / or a screen to retain the broken mechanical structure parts from penetrating at least one of the isolated cavity and surrounding environment of the device.
    [0012] According to yet another related embodiment, a tool can incorporate the device described above. The tool may have an internal flow line through which a sample fluid is capable of circulating and in which one or more devices are positioned, in which said sample fluid when circulating within the flow line contacts the device. The tool may include a pad capable of being driven into a forming wall to receive the fluid, and a pump to pump the forming fluid into the internal flow line. The tool can also include at least one microphone to receive the acoustic emissions from one or more devices. Other microphones can be located at different positions on the ground in the area surrounding a well or inside the wells drilled elsewhere in the formation. The tool may include a processor to perform the received acoustic emission time stamp and / or a device placement determination. The tool may include a recovery mechanism for recovering devices from an underground formation. The recovery mechanism can include one of a pumping device and a suction device.
    [0013] According to the related embodiments, the device described above can be injected from the surface for an underground formation by pumping it together with a carrier or propellant fluid through a well. Monitoring of the device's acoustic emissions can be performed using microphones placed in the injection well, in a well drilled anywhere in the area or on the ground. The device can be developed inside the fluid in a geological formation, a fracture of the formation, a tube, fluid, a well, an engine, a hydrocarbon reservoir, an aquifer layer, a water body, an oil field tool, a waste disposal reservoir, a propant formulation and / or a living body.
    [0014] According to another embodiment of the invention, a device for sampling a fluid includes at least one sampling mechanism, which can be electrically passive. Each sampling mechanism includes an isolated cavity, a mechanical structure and a microfluidic timing mechanism. The microfluidic time regulation mechanism when subjected to pressure, the mechanical structure deforms and / or breaks after a time delay, allowing the external fluid to penetrate the isolated cavity, which can then still lead to a sampling chamber.
    [0015] According to the related embodiments of the invention, the microfluidic timing mechanism may include a microfluidic channel loaded with a timing fluid, and in the application of pressure to the timing fluid, the timing fluid time regulation advances within the microfluidic channel. The timing fluid may advance within the microfluidic channel at a predefined speed dictated, at least in part, by the geometry of the microfluidic channel and timing properties. The microfluidic timing mechanism may include a timing cavity and a timing diaphragm, in which the timing fluid as it advances and reaches the timing cavity applies pressure to expand the timing diaphragm. time regulation, deforming the mechanical structure and thus allowing the external fluid to penetrate the isolated cavity. The device can emit a predetermined acoustic signal in the deformation of the mechanical structure. The sample cavity may include a sensor element for detecting and / or measuring the fluid entering the sample chamber. The isolated cavity may include a microparticle, a nanoparticle, a chemical and / or a pharmaceutical product, which is released into the environment after deformation and / or rupture of the mechanical structure that separates the isolated cavity from the external environment. The device may include a filter and / or a screen to retain broken parts of the mechanical structure from penetrating at least an isolated cavity and the surrounding environment of the device.
    [0016] In accordance with yet other related embodiments of the invention, a system includes one or more of the devices described above. The system also includes at least one microphone, geophone, accelerometer and / or other type of sensor to receive acoustic emissions from one or more devices. A processor can time stamp the received acoustic emissions and / or determine a position of one or more devices based, at least in part, on the received acoustic emissions. The device can be developed inside the fluid in a geological formation, a fracture of the formation, a tube, a fluid, a well, an engine, a hydrocarbon reservoir, an aquifer layer, a water body, an oil field tool , a waste disposal reservoir, a propant formulation and / or a living body.
    [0017] According to another embodiment of the invention, a system for sampling a fluid includes at least one device, which can be electrically passive. Each device includes a mechanical structure, and a microfluidic time regulation mechanism that, being the microfluidic time regulation mechanism subjected to pressure, deforms the mechanical structure after a time delay. In deformation, the mechanical structure emits an acoustic authentication code, and can allow the fluid to penetrate a sample chamber. The system also includes a microphone to receive the acoustic identification code and a processor operatively coupled to the microphone. The processor can, for example, extract the position of the device based, at least in part, on the received acoustic identification code.
    [0018] According to another embodiment of the invention, a method includes developing a device in a fluid. An acoustic cavity within the device is opened for the fluid, at a certain time by an electrically passive timing mechanism. The device emits an acoustic authentication code when the cavity is opened.
    [0019] According to the related embodiments of the invention, a sample can be acquired at the opening of the cavity. The acoustic authentication code can be detected using, at least in part, one or more microphones, geophones, accelerometers and / or other types of sensors. The acoustic authentication code detected can be time stamp. The position of the device can be extracted from the detected acoustic identification code using, without limitation, triangulation, compressive signal processing, and / or shear signal processing. The device can be developed in a geological formation or a formation fracture. For example, the device can be pumped into geological formation. The development of the device may include the use of the device and a hydraulic fracture operation. The device can be developed within the fluid in a geological formation, a fracture of the formation, a tube, a fluid, a well, an engine, a hydrocarbon reservoir, an aquifer layer, a water body, an oil field tool , a waste disposal reservoir, a propant formulation and / or a living body.
    [0020] According to yet other related embodiments of the invention, the timing mechanism may include a timing diaphragm, a timing cavity and a microfluidic channel of known geometry loaded with timing fluid having known time-regulating fluid properties. In applying pressure to the timing fluid, said timing fluid advances within the microfluidic channel at a speed dictated by the known channel geometry and known timing fluid properties, and upon reaching the timing regulating cavity time after a timing interval, the timing fluid applies pressure to the timing diaphragm that opens the acoustic cavity within the device to the external fluid.
    [0021] According to still other embodiments of the invention, at least one among microparticles, nanoparticles, chemicals and pharmaceuticals can be stored inside the device for the external fluid in the deformation of the acoustic cavity. A sample of the external fluid can be stored inside the device in the deformation of the acoustic cavity.
    [0022] According to another embodiment of the invention, a device includes an isolated cavity that is initially inaccessible to an external environment, and an electrically passive timing mechanism. A mechanical structure separates the isolated cavity from the external environment, in such a way that at the end of a time regulation interval, the time regulation mechanism acts on the mechanical structure in a way that breaks and / or deforms it, thus bringing isolated cavity in contact with the external environment.
    [0023] According to a related embodiment of the invention, the timing mechanism of the device may include a timing membrane, a timing cavity and a microfluidic channel of predefined geometry loaded with a timing fluid having known time-regulating fluid properties. In applying pressure to the timing fluid, the timing fluid advances within the microfluidic channel at a speed dictated by the predefined channel geometry and known timing fluid properties. Upon reaching the timing cavity after a timing interval, the timing fluid applies pressure to the timing diaphragm which deforms the mechanical structure, thus allowing the external fluid to penetrate the isolated cavity.
    [0024] According to other related embodiments of the present invention, the device can include an external device for applying pressure to the timing fluid. The mechanical structure can be an insulation membrane and / or diaphragm. The insulated cavity may include a sampling chamber, the sampling chamber including a non-return valve that allows fluid flow to enter the sampling chamber, but prevents fluid flow from leaving the sampling chamber. An acoustic signal can be emitted from the device when the mechanical structure is broken. The isolated cavity and the mechanical structure can be configured to emit a predetermined acoustic signal in the deformation of the mechanical structure. The isolated cavity may include a sensor element to perform detection and / or measurement on the fluid. The sensor element can include a material that interacts, such as chemically, with the fluid. The sensor element can include an electrode, which allows, for example, an electrochemical measurement to be performed on the fluid sample. The sensor element can be a Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) device that can be microfabricated.
    [0025] According to yet other embodiments of the invention, the isolated cavity may include a microparticle, a nanoparticle, a chemical, and / or a pharmaceutical product, which is released into the environment after deformation and / or rupture of the mechanical structure separating the isolated cavity from the external environment. The device may include a filter and / or a screen to retain the broken mechanical structure parts from entering at least one of the insulation cavity and the environment surrounding the device.
    [0026] According to the additional related embodiments of the invention, the device can include a plurality of isolated cavities, a plurality of passive time regulation mechanisms, and a plurality of mechanical structures. At least one of the passive time regulation mechanisms may have a different time regulation interval than the other time regulation mechanisms, such that the mechanical structures associated with at least one passive time regulation mechanism break and / or it deforms in a different time.
    [0027] According to the related embodiments of the invention, a system can include a plurality of devices described above, in which each device has an acoustic authentication code in the deformation of its associated mechanical structure, in which the acoustic authentication codes of devices vary. A system can include a plurality of the above described devices, in which at least one device has a microfluidic channel having different dimensions than another device in the system, such that the timing fluid of the different sampling mechanisms reaches its cavities associated at different times in order to produce multiple acoustic events that occur at different times. A tool can incorporate one or more devices described above, the tool having an internal flow line through which a sample fluid is able to circulate and in which one or more devices are positioned, in which said sample fluid when circulating in the internal flow line contacts devices. The tool can also include at least one microphone to receive the acoustic emissions from one or more devices, and a processor to perform the time stamp of the acoustic emissions and / or determining the positioning of the device. A method using at least one of the devices described above may include developing the device within the fluid in a geological formation, a fracture of the formation, a fluid tube, a well, an engine, a hydrocarbon reservoir, an aquifer layer, a body of water, an oil field tool, a waste disposal reservoir, a propant formulation and / or a living body.
    [0028] According to yet other related embodiments of the invention, a system can include a plurality of devices described above, in which the system is incorporated into an underwater measurement system. The system can be provided or otherwise embedded in a cable. The cable can also be provided in a fixed buoy or towed through a body of water by a ship or an underwater vehicle.
    [0029] According to another embodiment of the invention, a method includes developing a device in an external fluid. A cavity is opened within the device for the external fluid, at a given time by an electrically passive timing mechanism. Upon opening the cavity, a microparticle, a nanoparticle, a chemical and or a pharmaceutical product is released from the cavity into the external fluid, and / or a sample of the external fluid can be stored inside the device.
    [0030] According to the related embodiments of the invention, the passive timing mechanism may include a timing diaphragm, a timing cavity; and a microfluidic channel of known geometry loaded with a timing fluid having known timing fluid properties. In applying pressure to the timing fluid, said timing fluid advances within the microfluidic channel at a speed dictated by the known channel geometry and known timing fluid properties, and upon reaching the timing regulation cavity time after the timing interval, the timing fluid applies pressure to the timing diaphragm that opens the cavity within the device for the external fluid.
    [0031] According to yet other related embodiments of the invention, the development of the device may include pumping the device into a geological formation and / or a formation fracture. The device can be developed inside the fluid in a geological formation, a formation fracture, a tube, a fluid, a well, an engine, a hydrocarbon reservoir, an aquifer layer, a water body, an oil field tool , a reservoir for stripping residue, a propant formulation and or a living body.
    [0032] According to even more embodiments of the invention, the method may include the emission by the device of an acoustic authentication code when the cavity is opened. The acoustic authentication code can be detected using, at least in part, one or more microphones. A device position can be extracted from the acoustic authentication code using triangulation, compressive signal processing, and / or shear signal processing.
    [0033] According to another embodiment of the invention, a device includes an electrically passive timing mechanism and a mechanical structure. At the end of the time regulation interval, the time regulation mechanism breaks the mechanical structure in order to emit an acoustic signal.
    [0034] According to the related embodiments of the invention, the device can include an isolated cavity, in which the mechanical structure separates the isolated cavity from the external environment, and in which the rupture of the mechanical structure brings the isolated cavity into contact with the environment external. The mechanical structure can be an insulation membrane.
    [0035] According to still other embodiments of the invention, the timing mechanism may include a timing diaphragm and a timing cavity. A microfluidic channel of known geometry is loaded with a timing fluid having known timing fluid properties, such that when applying pressure to the timing fluid, the timing fluid advances within the channel microfluidic at a speed dictated by the known channel geometry and known time-regulating fluid properties. Upon reaching the timing regulating cavity, the timing regulating fluid applies pressure to the timing regulating diaphragm which breaks and / or deforms the mechanical structure, which can thus allow the external fluid to enter the isolated cavity. The isolated cavity may include a sampling chamber, the sampling chamber including a non-return valve that allows fluid flow to enter the sampling chamber but prevents fluid flow from the sampling chamber. The sampling chamber may include a sensor element to perform at least one of a detection and measurement on the fluid. The sensor element can include a material that interacts with the fluid. The sensor element can include electrodes that allow an electrochemical measurement to be performed on the fluid sample.
    [0036] According to other related embodiments of the invention, the mechanical structure can be configured to emit a predetermined acoustic authentication code at break. The device can be microfabricated.
    [0037] According to even more related embodiments of the invention, a system includes a plurality of devices described above, in which each device has an acoustic authentication code in the break of its associated mechanical structure, in which the acoustic authentication codes of the devices vary. The system can be incorporated into the underwater measurement system. The devices can be provided on a cable. The cable can be pulled through a body of water by a ship and an underwater vehicle. The device can be used during a hydraulic fracture operation.
    [0038] According to various embodiments of the invention, the timing fluid in the above described embodiments may either be a Newtonian fluid of known viscosity or a non-Newtonian fluid of known rheology. A non-Newtonian shear-tuning fluid can have numerous advantages, that is, the fact that the non-Newtonian timing fluid will have a very high viscosity at a low shear stress (ie, at a low applied pressure), however viscosity will drop rapidly as the tension is increased. In various embodiments of the invention, a complex non-Newtonian fluid can be used as a timing fluid, resulting in a timing mechanism that only becomes active once the ambient pressure has reached a certain threshold value and provided versatility additional to the timing mechanism. Brief Description of Drawings
    [0039] The above aspects of the invention will be more easily understood with reference to the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
    [0040] Figure 1 shows the development of a device for the use of sampling hydrocarbons during fracture or fluid injection operations, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [0041] Figure 2 (a-d) shows the device of figure 1 in greater detail, according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 (a) shows the device before activation. Figure 2 (b) shows the device with the deformed insulation membrane. Figure 2 (c) shows the device with the sample chamber loaded with the sample fluid. Figure 2 (d) shows the device ready to be interrogated after recovering the surface.
    [0042] Figure 3 (a) shows an explosion of the acoustic energy resulting from the rupture of an insulation membrane, according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 (b) shows multiple microphones placed in different positions in the formation, to record the arrival time of the wave fronts caused by the broken insulation membranes, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [0043] Figure 4 shows a passive time regulation device that includes a pharmaceutical product to be released into a human body, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [0044] Figure 5 shows a passive time regulation device that includes a filter to contain the broken diaphragm particles according to the embodiment of the invention.
    [0045] Figure 6 shows the integration of a plurality of sampling devices and / or mechanisms within an oil field sampling tool, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [0046] Figure 7 shows a series of sampling devices embedded in an underwater measurement system that can be provided with a cable in a buoy, a probe, a vessel or a vessel, according to an embodiment of the invention. Detailed Description of Specific Embodiments
    [0047] In illustrative embodiments, an electrically passive device and method for unsuitable acoustic emission, and / or release, sampling and / or measurement of a fluid or various materials are provided. The device can provide a robust timing mechanism for releasing, sampling and / or performing measurements in a predefined program, and, in various embodiments, emits beep sequences that can be used to triangulate the position of the device within, for example , a hydrocarbon reservoir or a living body. Details are discussed below.
    [0048] Figure 1 shows a development of a device 105 for use in sampling hydrocarbons during fracture or fluid injection operations in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the discussion of the specific device 105 shown for use in the sampling hydrocarbons, is for illustrative purposes only. Other device configurations and applications are within the scope of the present invention. For example, device 105 can be developed in a fluid, without limitation, in a geological formation, a formation fracture, a tube, fluid, a well, an engine, a hydrocarbon reservoir, an aquifer layer, a water body , an oil field tool, a waste disposal reservoir, a propant formulation and / or a living body, to release, sample, and / or measure various fluids or other materials, and / or emit an acoustics.
    [0049] The device 105 can be developed, without limitation, in a descending bore fluid 101 within a fracture in an underground formation. The device can, for example, be pumped or otherwise injected into the rock matrix. The device 105 can work in combination with conventional oil field measurement tools 103 or autonomous battery operated sensors, which can be placed in the well in hydraulic communication with the fracture into which the device 105 is injected. Device 105 can be used at very high pressures or temperatures, thus providing a "passageway" to perform measurements within wells that are currently inaccessible to existing sensor technology due to, without limitation, severely restricted geometry, corrosive fluids, pressure and / or high temperature. Examples of harsh well environments have recently included deep sea well reservoirs recently developed in the Gulf of Mexico.
    [0050] Figure 2 (a-d) shows the device in greater detail, according to various embodiments of the invention. Figure 2 (a) shows device 200 before activation. The device 200 includes at least one sampling mechanism for obtaining a sample of the fluid from the external oil well 210.
    [0051] In the illustrative embodiments, the sampling mechanism includes a microfluidic timing mechanism to obtain the fluidic sample. More particularly, the microfluidic timing mechanism may include a microfluidic channel 202 partially loaded with a timing fluid 201. Capillary captured timing fluid 201 can initially be retained in place within the microfluidic channel, without limitation, by the surface tension. The microfluidic channel 202 leads to a time-setting cavity 204 of known volume. The time slot 204 may initially be, without limitation, empty.
    [0052] When applying pressure to the timing fluid 201, the timing fluid 201 advances within the microfluidic channel 202 to the timing regulator 204 in such a way that it causes a mechanical structure 205 to rupture (and / or deforming) after a time delay. Before rupture, mechanical structure 205 isolates an isolated cavity 206, which may include a sample chamber 209, from the external environment. The mechanical structure 205 can be, without limitation, an insulation diaphragm or insulation membrane that provides a barrier from the external environment. An example of a delayed actuator with a viscoelastic chronometer is described in U.S. Patent 4,791,251 (Carter et. Al.), Which is incorporated herein by reference, in its entirety.
    [0053] Illustratively, the timing fluid 201 entering the timing cavity 204 may cause a deformation diaphragm 203 to deflect. A protrusion or other structure configured on the timing diaphragm 203 can then disrupt mechanical structure 205. Several other membrane-breaking mechanisms known in the microfluidic systems art, such as systems used to provide drug encapsulation and delivery, can be used ( see, for example, M.Staples and others; Pharm. Res., 23.847 (2006); JT Santini and others; Angew. Chem. Int.Ed.39.2396 (2000); JH Prescott and others; Nt. Biotech. 24, 437 (2006), US Patent 7455667 (B2), each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety).
    [0054] Figure 2 (b) shows the device 200 with the mechanical structure 205 deformed after applying pressure to the timing fluid 201 (and after the time delay). The deformation of the mechanical structure 205 allows the external down-bore fluid to enter a sample chamber 209 via an isolated cavity / communication channel. A particle filter can be placed inside the isolated cavity / communication channel 206 to filter out any contaminants. Note that prior to the deformation of the mechanical structure 205, the isolated cavity / communication channel 206 is typically inaccessible to the external environment. In other embodiments, the mechanical structure 205 may allow partial / filtered access to the isolated cavity / communication channel 206 before deformation.
    [0055] Figure 2 (c) shows the device 200 with the sample chamber 209 loaded with sample fluid. An integrated one-way valve 207 (i.e., a check valve) can ensure sample isolation from the external environment. An example of a microfabricated one-way valve is described in the following documents: S.Beeby, G.Ensel, M.Kraft: MEMS Mechanical Sensors, Artech House, Boston MA (2004; and KWOh et al .; J.Micromech. Microeng ., 16, R 13-R39 (2006), each of which is incorporated here as a reference in its entirety.
    [0056] The timing mechanism, the sampling mechanism, and / or in various embodiments, the entire device can be electrically passive in such a way that no energized electronic components are included (for example, electronic power source, transmitter , amplifier, etc.). In various embodiments, the timing mechanism, the sampling mechanism, and / or the entire device can be "void" for any active or passive electronic components.
    [0057] The passive microfluidic time regulation mechanism can be based, at least in part, on the fact that the flow rate f of a Newtonian fluid through a capillary of approximately circular cross section is proportional to the difference in pressure Δ P between the ends of the capillary multiplied by the fourth force of the hydraulic radius R, and it is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the fluid n multiplied by the extension of the capillary /: f = π.ΔP.R4 (8.n./). In other embodiments, if the capillary is chosen to be a rectangular cross section with the width w and height h <w, the flow rate f can be calculated with the approximate formula: f = (1-0.63h / w) .ΔP. w.h3 / (12.nl). Such a formula can be found in the literature, for example, in the following documents: Stone, H., Stroock, A., and Ajdari, A., "Engineering Flows in Small Devices," Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 36, 2004, p. 381 and D.E. Angelescu: "Highly Integrated Micro fluidics Design", Artech House, Norwood MA USA (2011), each being incorporated here as a reference in its entirety.
    [0058] If an empty cavity of known volume (i.e., the timing regulator 204) is separated from a high pressure fluid by a capillary of appropriate geometry, the time required to load the timing regulator 204 may be accurately determined from knowledge of device geometry, fluid viscosity and differential pressure. Assuming that the timing fluid 201 has known characteristics, and that the pressure / temperature history is recorded, the loading time of timing regulator 204 can be entirely determined by the parameters of the geometric device such as volume of the time setting cavity 204, capillary diameter of microfluidic channel 202 and extension; the dependence of the fourth force on the diameter allows to control the loading time over several decades, resulting in a very versatile timing mechanism. A fully featured timing fluid 201 can be used which, advantageously, can be immiscible with both hydrocarbons and water. Examples of such timing fluids include, without limitation, various silicone oils and fluorinated solvents.
    [0059] Alternatively, a non-Newtonian fluid with known rheological properties can be used as a time-regulating fluid. In one embodiment, it can be used as a shear-tuning fluid as a timing fluid, which will result in a flow rate that is very low at low pressures, but significantly increases environmental pressure (and therefore the shear stress in the microchannel) reaches a certain threshold value. In another embodiment, the timing fluid may be a visco-elastic fluid that behaves like an elastic body at low shear stresses, thereby completely blocking flow at low pressures. As the pressure reaches a threshold value (corresponding to the strain strain of the timing fluid), the timing fluid will start the flow. This embodiment allows the passive timing devices described above to be inactive below a certain threshold pressure, thus allowing prolonged storage at a pressure below the threshold pressure.
    [0060] Figure 2 (d) shows device 200 ready to be investigated after recovering the surface. The sample fluid stored in the sample chamber 209 remains isolated from the environment by the one-way valve 207 so that various measurements of physical and chemical properties can be obtained. A sensor can be positioned inside or otherwise operationally coupled to the sample chamber 29 and / or isolated cavity 206, in order to provide various indications or measurements associated with the sample fluid. In various embodiments, a microelectromechanical sensor (MEMS) design can provide airtight encapsulation of sensor components within, for example, the 209 sample chamber. The sensor may include a material that chemically reacts with the fluid, and / or an electrode that allows an electrochemical measurement to be performed on the fluid sample.
    [0061] The timing mechanism described above in conjunction with passive actuators can thus be used to develop self-activating sample acquisition devices / vessels. To develop within a rock matrix, such devices can be combined in density to an injection fluid by incorporating vacuum cavities of appropriate dimensions, which will facilitate passive development by injection as well as recovery. Acoustic Emission and Triangulation
    [0062] The device described above for sample acquisition can be used to generate acoustic signals. For example, in various embodiments, the timing mechanism can activate the drilling of multiple mechanical structures / insulation diaphragms, possibly in sequence. For example, if the cavity behind each insulation diaphragm has volume V (initially under vacuum), when drilling, these cavities will suddenly deform and / or rupture, and fill with reservoir fluid at the hydrostatic pressure of the environment. The filling of the empty cavity 301 can be very sudden and will emit a very short burst of acoustic energy 303, as shown in figure 3 (a), according to an embodiment of the invention. Laboratory studies of deformed bubbles have been carried out by others (for example, A.VOGEL, W.LAUTERBORN, R. TIMM: "Optical and acoustic investigations of the dynamics of laser- produced cavitaion bubbles near a solid boundary", J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 206, pp. 299-338 (1989), which is incorporated here as a reference in its entirety), proving that most of the bubble energy is emitted in the acoustic transients. The total amount of energy that can be released by suddenly filling a cavity can be roughly estimated as E = pV, where p is the pressure of the reservoir. For an exemplary volume of 1mm3 and an environmental pressure of 1000 Bar (100 MPa) (app.14500 psi) this corresponds, without limitation, to an emission energy of 100 mJ in a time interval of approximately a fraction of a thousandth of a second to a few thousandths of a second. This corresponds to an acoustic force above 10 - 1000W during each case of deformation. Such acoustic emission can then be detected and recorded using remote microphones, hydrophones, geophones, accelerometers or other types of sensors or recorders.
    [0063] The time regulation mechanism can activate several acoustic cases in sequence, with the time delay between consecutive deformations defined by the geometry of the associated microfluidic channel and time regulation cavity. Each device and / or sampling mechanism can be built with a different timing sequence or with different geometric parameters, to provide a single acoustic authentication code. Such devices can also be made without a sampling cavity, with the sole purpose of emitting a sound at a given time by the microfluidic timing mechanism.
    [0064] The acoustic emission for each deformation event will create an acoustic wavefront 303 that will propagate through the fluid and the surrounding rock matrix. The speed of the wavefront will typically be equal to the speed of sound in the fluid or rock matrix. By placing multiple microphones 305 in different positions in the formation, as shown, for example, in figure 3 (b), the arrival time of the wave fronts of each microphone 305 can be determined. Based on the time delays between the arrival of an acoustic signal in the different microphones, combined with a polite knowledge or estimate of the speed of sound in the middle, the position of the intelligent vessel can then be determined, using, without limitation, triangulation, similar to an underground GPS system or using compressive / shear signal processing. The sample acquisition time can also be recorded. Note that figure 3 (b) is in no way limited to the shown configuration of microphones or devices. In other embodiments of this invention, additional microphones can be located on the ground around the well or other underground locations such as a proximity to well 306, cavities or holes. Employment as a Vehicle for Timed Release of Particles, Chemicals or Pharmaceuticals
    [0065] The devices described above can be used as vehicles for transporting and timed release of, without limitation, micro- and nanoparticles, chemicals and / or pharmaceuticals, including products or particles within the isolated cavity and / or sampling chamber separated by mechanical structure (eg insulation diaphragm). The timing mechanism can activate the perforation of the insulation diaphragm after a time delay as described above, at which point the fluid surrounding the device penetrates into the cavity behind the insulation diaphragm and comes into contact with particles, chemicals and / or pharmacists. The particles or products can then dissolve in or mix with the fluid surrounding the device, thereby releasing said particles or chemicals or pharmaceuticals to the surrounding environment.
    [0066] Said particles or chemicals or pharmaceutical products may include, without limitation, chemicals for water sanitation or other fluids, fluorescent chemicals that can be used as flow trackers; various chemical reagents and chemical cleaning agents; pharmaceutical products such as medications or drugs; various types of nutrients; micro- or nanoparticles to be used as flow trackers; and chemically functionalized micro- and nanoparticles that can react to some environmental parameters.
    [0067] According to an embodiment of the invention, a passive time regulation device such as that previously described can be injected into a geological formation or a hydraulic fracture by means of pumping via an injection well. When the timing mechanism activates the perforation of the insulation membrane, the nanoparticles made functional are released within the geological formation as described above. The nanoparticles react with the local environment, are carried by the flow to the injection well, and are recovered from the well on the surface. The nanoparticle size can be selected to be substantially smaller than the diameter of the mid-pore throat microphone, which will ensure that the particle is transported by the flow within the geological formation without clogging the pores. By analyzing the particles after recovery on the surface, it becomes possible to infer information about the environment within the geological formation at the time of the release of the nanoparticle. By injecting multiple passive timing devices that are activated at different times, it becomes possible to continuously monitor one or several parameters at multiple remote locations within the geological formation, which may otherwise be inaccessible.
    [0068] Figure 4 shows a passive time regulation device 404 which includes, without limitation, a pharmaceutical product 403 which is released within a human body 405, according to an embodiment of the invention. The isolation diaphragm is perforated at the moments adjusted by the passive time regulation device, whereby the corresponding pharmaceutical products 403 positioned, without limitation, inside the isolated cavity and / or sampling chamber, are released into the human body. Multiple devices with one or more diaphragms can be used. Using such a system, complete treatment plans can be sent without any active intervention by adjusting the timing parameters and the types and quantities of pharmaceutical products within each well.
    [0069] The device 404 can be attached to the skin of the human body 405 or it can be implanted inside the body. An external pressure source or an external pump can be used to drive the timing fluid within the timing cavity of the 404 device. In one embodiment, such an external pressure source can be, without limitation, a gas cartridge pressurized.
    [0070] Figure 5 shows a passive time regulation device that includes a filter 502 for containing the broken diaphragm particles, according to an embodiment of the invention. When perforating the mechanical structure (e.g., insulation diaphragm), filter 502 advantageously prevents broken diaphragm particles from passing into the external fluid, while still allowing, for example, a pharmaceutical 501 to pass freely through it. This embodiment can be particularly important if the passive timing device is included within a human body. Tool Implementation
    [0071] The devices described above can also be integrated into the downhole sampling and measurement tool, such as Modular Formation Dynamics Tester (MDT) produced by Schlumberger, the Training Multi-Tester (FMT) produced by Baker Hughes or Sequential Formation Tester (SQ) produced by Halliburton or any other similar tool. Series of sampling devices, integrating a plurality of sampling devices and / or mechanisms into a unique microfabricated substrate can be incorporated within the tool architecture.
    [0072] Figure 6 shows the integration of a plurality of devices and / or sampling mechanisms 605 within the oil field sampling tool such as MDT, an FMT or an SFT, according to an embodiment of the invention. Tool 600 pushes a pad 603 into the geological formation wall and pumps the forming fluid into an internal flow line 601, where the fluid comes into contact with a series of smart sampling devices 605. Each device 607 can acquire a sample, perform a measurement and / or emit an acoustic signal that is recorded by a microphone inside the tool. The recorded acoustic signals can provide, for example, the precise time when each measurement is taken and can only identify the device that performed the measurement.
    [0073] The device 607 can come into contact with the forming fluid when it is pumped into the flow line of the tool 601. The cases of acoustic emission can be recorded using a microphone implemented in the tool, and later analyzed on the surface to infer the precise sample acquisition time for each of the smart vessels in the series, thus providing very valuable time series data.
    [0074] Figure 7 shows another embodiment of the invention, in which a series of intelligent sampling devices is embedded within an underwater measurement system 701, which can be provided with a cable 702 in, without limitation, a float, a probe, vessel or submarine vessel 700. The measuring system 701 can be positioned in a stationary manner in the water body 703, at a depth dependent, without limitation, on the length of the cable 702 or can be dredged through the water body by ship 700. The smart sampling devices in the measurement system 701 perform sample acquisitions and measurements at certain times by their respective mechanisms, thus providing time series or a spatial map of measurements at a given depth. Embedded Redundancy
    [0075] Due to the impracticality of an online operation monitoring for passive devices such as the devices described above, it may be advantageous to incorporate various redundancy schemes, to minimize the chance of failure due to unforeseen circumstances. The redundant detection and timing mechanisms, made possible by extreme miniaturization, can be integrated within the device. All components of the critical device can be multiple copies embedded in a single chip, providing fluid and parallel measurement paths in the event of failure (for example, due to channel obstruction or sensor malfunction). Unique chips can be designed to include multiple sensor chambers for sample analysis, as well as multiple acoustic emission isolation diaphragms and associated cavities, thus providing multiple assays and therefore improved measurement statistics once the devices are recovered on the surface . The multiple timing mechanisms having different time constants can be incorporated into a single device as a well, thus providing a series of measurement times to monitor the evolution of a parameter of interest over a well injection and recovery cycle. . The resulting device architecture can be extremely robust and should be able to provide a reliable measurement even in the most adverse environmental conditions. Severe Environment Compatibility
    [0076] The completely passive systems represent an advantageous approach for detection in the various harsh environments specific to the oil field (for example, high temperature and pressure (HPHT), corrosive fluids, severely restricted geometry). The embodiments described above allow the development of passive intelligent devices that are capable of performing numerous well-defined, specific functions in, without limitation, underground environments surrounding an oil well, without requiring force, monitoring or telemetry. Such passive smart devices can be downstream holes developed by pumping together with frac- or other injected fluids or they can be integrated into existing oil field measurement tools such as MDT tool, FMT tool or SFT tool. Smart devices can acquire, react with and isolate a sample of fluid from the downhole, and, once recovered from the reservoir, they can be investigated by optical, electrical or other means to provide information about the environment to which they have been exposed. (for example, chemical or physical properties of the fluids found) as well as on the times when measurements were made. In addition, as described above, the device can emit an explosion of acoustic signals at predefined times that can allow the device to be located, without limitation, by triangulation using multiple microphones.
    [0077] All the features of the device mentioned above can be implemented in multiple applications and are not limited in any way to the measurements of the oil field. Examples of different applications include, but today they are somewhat limited to: undersea development of such systems as in a body of water, river, lake, sea, ocean; measurements inside water wells and aquifer layers; tanks and reservoirs for storage of wastewater and their monitoring; and injection wells for sequestering carbon dioxide.
    [0078] The above described embodiments are not restricted to a specific detection technology - several technologies are compatible with and can be integrated within such an intelligent passive device such as, without limitation: purely chemical sensors (eg, titration reactions), corrosion sensors, MEMS sensors, electrochemical sensors and functional monoparticles. The purely passive devices can be of specific emission in order to integrate only those functions that are absolutely "paramount" to carry out and interpret the specific measurement (or chemical reaction) of interest; all additional functionality will be provided externally after recovery. This purely passive approach therefore minimizes the risk of system failure due to environmental emissions. Last Size Miniaturization
    [0079] In addition to the ability to survive a harsh environment, an entirely passive system proves the capabilities of ultimate miniaturization. Typically, physical transducers occupy only a small percentage of the total package size on miniaturized sensors (such as those using MEMS technology), the rest being taken up by electronics and connections. A passive approach eliminates the need to operate the electronics downhole and thus can lead to impressive size reduction. The use of small passive devices that can be manufactured using, without limitation, MEMS technology, allows the development within the pores and / or fractures of the rock. Such development can be carried out, for example, as part of a propant formulation during hydraulic fracture operations.
    [0080] In summary, the devices described above enable a variety of features. These features include, without limitation, the following: 1. mechanical protection and airtight transport of the device within the external environment (by pumping or injection) or development within various measurement tools; 2. sample acquisition, material release and / or chemical reaction in situ at pre-defined times, using passive microfluidic time regulation mechanisms; 3. isolation of sample from the external environment before and after acquisition (cross contamination control); 4. integrated redundancy mechanisms to ensure correct device operation even in the event of failure of one of the sample mechanisms; 5. monolithic integration with standard sensor technologies; 6. three-dimensional positioning using coded and / or non-coded acoustic signals; and 7. interrogation capability of the external sensor after recovery from the surface.
    [0081] The devices described above provide highly miniaturized passive intelligent sample chambers / vessels that can be integrated with various sensor technologies to perform in-situ measurements for, without limitation, an oil field or a living body or to provide information about the positioning of devices during fluid injection or fracture operations. One of the main aspects of the device is its ability to provide a robust timing mechanism to perform, for example, measurements or material release in a predefined (or post-deduced) program, and / or to emit beep sequences, that will allow the triangulation of the vessel position, thus indicating the movement of the fluid and propagation of the fracture, inside a hydrocarbon reservoir, or other formation or pressurized system. From the fracture propagation, modeling relative to the induced pressures, the mechanical properties of the formation and stress analysis can be performed in situ. The device can be integrated with standard detection technologies, which allow a specific measurement or adjustment of measurements to be performed on an isolated fluid sample. The device can also be used as part of a propant formulation during hydraulic fracture tasks, while passive devices are mixed with the mud and grains of sand and are injected to the side in a formation. The device can be used as a vehicle for chronological release of particles, chemicals or pharmaceuticals.
    [0082] These combined capabilities result in a very versatile device capable of being implemented inside a tool or injected into a formation or living body, to provide measurements in the acquired samples and / or to release the particles, in different places, without limitation in an oil reservoir or body and multiple times, and to communicate its position via acoustic emission.
    [0083] The embodiments of the invention described above are intended to be exemplary only; numerous variations and modifications will be made evident to those skilled in the art. All such variations and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. These and other obvious changes are intended to be covered by the following claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (26)
    [0001]
    1. Device (200) comprising: an isolated cavity (206) that is initially inaccessible to an external environment; an electrically passive timing mechanism; and a mechanical structure (205) separating the isolated cavity (206) from the external environment so that at the end of a time regulation interval, the time regulation mechanism acts on the mechanical structure (205) to break and / or deform the mechanical structure (205), thus bringing the isolated cavity (206) in contact with the external environment, the device being characterized by the fact that the passive time regulation mechanism includes: a time regulation diaphragm (203) having a protrusion or another formed structure facing the mechanical structure (205); a time setting cavity (204); and a microfluidic channel (202) of predefined geometry having two ends and loaded with a timing fluid (201) having known timing fluid properties, the passive timing mechanism being arranged so that in the application of pressure to the timing fluid, the timing fluid (201) advances into the microfluidic channel (202) at a speed dictated by the predefined channel geometry, known timing properties, and upon reaching the timing (204) after a timing interval, the timing fluid (201) applies pressure to the timing diaphragm (203) so that the protrusion or other formed structure disrupts the mechanical structure (205) thus allowing external fluid to enter the isolated cavity (206).
    [0002]
    A device according to claim 1, further comprising an external device for applying pressure to the timing fluid (201).
    [0003]
    3. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the timing fluid (201) is at least one of a Newtonian fluid, a non-Newtonian fluid, a viscoelastic fluid, a tension fluid deformation, a shear-thickening fluid, and a shear-thinning fluid.
    [0004]
    4. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the mechanical structure (205) includes one of an insulation membrane and an insulation diaphragm.
    [0005]
    5. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the isolated cavity (206) includes a sampling chamber (209), the sampling chamber including a check valve (207) that allows the flow of the fluid to the sampling chamber (209) however prevents the flow of fluid from leaving the sampling chamber (209).
    [0006]
    6. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that at least one of the isolated cavity (206) and mechanical structure (205) is configured to emit a predetermined acoustic signal in the deformation of the mechanical structure (205).
    [0007]
    7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the isolated cavity (206) includes a sensor element to perform at least one of a detection and a measurement in the fluid.
    [0008]
    8. Device according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the sensor element includes a material that reacts chemically with the fluid.
    [0009]
    9. Device according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the sensor element includes an electrode that allows an electrochemical measurement to be performed on the fluid sample.
    [0010]
    10. Device according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the sensor element includes at least one microelectromechanical MEMS component.
    [0011]
    11. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that there are a plurality of isolated cavities, a plurality of passive timing mechanisms and a plurality of mechanical structures.
    [0012]
    12. Device according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that at least one of the passive time regulation mechanisms has a different time regulation interval than the other time regulation mechanisms, so that the mechanical structures (205 ) associated with at least one passive time regulation mechanism break and / or deform at a different time.
    [0013]
    13. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the isolated cavity (206) includes at least one of a microparticle, a nanoparticle, a chemical and a pharmaceutical product, which is released into the environment after deformation and / or rupture of the mechanical structure (205) separating the isolated cavity (206) from the external environment.
    [0014]
    14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the device includes one of a filter and a sieve to retain the broken parts of the mechanical structure (205) from entering at least one of an isolated cavity (206) and the environment surrounding the device.
    [0015]
    15. Tool incorporating one or more devices as defined in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the tool has an internal flow line through which a sample fluid is able to circulate and in which one or more devices are positioned, in which the sample fluid when circulating in the internal flow line contacts the devices.
    [0016]
    16. Tool, according to claim 15, characterized by the fact that it still includes at least one microphone to receive the acoustic emissions from one or more devices, the tool also including a processor to perform at least one of a time stamp. acoustic emissions received and a device placement determination.
    [0017]
    17. System that includes a plurality of devices as defined in claim 6, characterized by the fact that each device has an acoustic authentication code in the deformation of its associated mechanical structure (205), in which the acoustic authentication codes of the devices vary.
    [0018]
    18. System that includes a plurality of devices as defined in claim 6, characterized by the fact that the devices are attached to a cable that is still attached to at least one of a fixed buoy, a surface vessel and an underwater vehicle.
    [0019]
    19. Method comprising the steps of: positioning a device (200) in an external fluid, the device comprising an isolated cavity (206) that is initially inaccessible to an external environment, an electrically passive timing mechanism, and a mechanical structure (205) separating the isolated cavity (206) from the external environment; act on the mechanical structure (205) with the time regulation mechanism to break and / or deform the mechanical structure (205), in order to open the cavity inside the device for the fluid, at a certain time by the time regulation mechanism electrically passive, thus bringing the isolated cavity (206) in contact with the external environment; the method being characterized by the fact that: the electrically passive time regulation mechanism includes: a time regulation diaphragm (203) having a protrusion or other structure facing the mechanical structure; a time setting cavity (204); and a microfluidic channel (202) of known geometry having two ends and charged with a timing fluid having known timing fluid properties, the electrically passive timing mechanism being arranged such that when applying pressure to the timing fluid (201), said timing fluid (201) advances within the microfluidic channel (202) at a speed dictated by the known channel geometry, known timing properties, and upon reaching the time regulating cavity (204) after a time regulating interval, the time regulating fluid (201) applies pressure to the time regulating diaphragm (203) which opens into the acoustic cavity within the device for the external fluid.
    [0020]
    20. Method, according to claim 19, characterized by the fact that it still comprises emitting an acoustic authentication code by the device when the cavity is opened.
    [0021]
    21. Method, according to claim 20, characterized by the fact that it still comprises detecting the acoustic authentication code using, at least in part, one or more microphones.
    [0022]
    22. Method, according to claim 21, characterized by the fact that it still comprises the step of extracting a position of the device from the acoustic authentication code detected at least one among triangulation, compressive signal processing, and signal processing. cut.
    [0023]
    23. Method according to any one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that positioning the device in an external fluid includes positioning the device within the fluid at least in one of the geological formation, a fracture of the formation, a tube , a well, an engine, a hydrocarbon reservoir, an aquifer layer, a body of water, some oil field tools, a waste disposal reservoir, a propant formulation and a living body.
    [0024]
    24. Method according to any of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that positioning includes using the device in a hydraulic fracture operation.
    [0025]
    25. Method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that it comprises, at the moment of opening the cavity, releasing at least one of a microparticle, nanoparticle, chemical and pharmaceutical product from the cavity to the external fluid .
    [0026]
    26. Method according to any one of claims 19 to 25, characterized by the fact that positioning includes pumping the device in at least one of a geological formation and a fracture of the formation.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN102791959A|2012-11-21|
    MX2012009133A|2012-09-21|
    US20110198221A1|2011-08-18|
    EA201201101A1|2013-02-28|
    US8506907B2|2013-08-13|
    EA024527B1|2016-09-30|
    EP2534504A4|2017-10-25|
    CN102791959B|2016-08-31|
    CA2788314C|2018-04-10|
    EP2534504A2|2012-12-19|
    WO2011100509A3|2011-12-01|
    BR112012020285A2|2016-05-03|
    AU2011215721A1|2012-09-27|
    CA2788314A1|2011-08-18|
    WO2011100509A2|2011-08-18|
    AU2011215721B2|2016-11-03|
    EP2534504B1|2020-07-15|
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    法律状态:
    2019-01-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-10-08| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-29| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-29| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 11/02/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US33799810P| true| 2010-02-12|2010-02-12|
    US61/337,998|2010-02-12|
    PCT/US2011/024467|WO2011100509A2|2010-02-12|2011-02-11|Passive micro-vessel and sensor|
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