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    • 专利摘要:
    METHOD FOR PROGRAMING TRANSPORTATION OF TRANSPORT BLOCK DATA, BASE STATION, AND, PRODUCT OF COMPUTER PROGRAM A method for programming transmission data of transport blocks in an Multiple Access communication system by Orthogonal Frequency Division, in which each of the transport blocks is transmitted with a respective transmission format (IMCS) and transmission power in a set of blocks of physical resources in the frequency domain. The method identifies the relationship between transmission power and block error rate (BLER) for a set of transmission formats (IMCS) and evaluates alternative transmission formats (IMCS) and different numbers of physical resource blocks for at least one of the transport blocks. Specifically, the method determines a set of alternative transmission formats (IMCS) with different numbers of physical resource blocks, and determines a value being indicative for the difference in total power required to transmit the transport block with the alternative transmission format ( IMCS) and different number of physical resource blocks, while maintaining a target block error rate (BLERT). The transport block is then transmitted using the transmission format (...).
    公开号:BR112012016118B1
    申请号:R112012016118-0
    申请日:2009-12-29
    公开日:2021-03-09
    发明作者:Dario Sabella；Marco Caretti
    申请人:Telecom Italia S.P.A.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Field of the Invention
    [001] This description refers to techniques for programming data transmission in a communication system.
    [002] This description was developed with attention paid to its possible use in providing an inferior connection with energy efficiency in an Multiple Access communication network by Orthogonal Frequency Division. Description of the Related Art
    [003] The increasing energy demands on mobile networks require that the network elements of a network communication should be energy efficient. For example, this makes it possible to reduce energy consumption and can lower the operating costs of the network.
    [004] For example, energy efficiency is a well-known issue in upper link (UL) communications between a mobile terminal and a base station.
    [005] For example, document US-A-2009/0069057 describes a solution for the upper connection direction in order to minimize the power consumption of a mobile terminal. Specifically, the algorithm is based on path loss and describes a particular type of transmission scheme depending on a request for resource allocation by the user equipment (UE) and a resource allocation by Node B, that is, the base station (BS).
    [006] However, only little attention has been paid so far to the bottom link direction (DL), and most of the package programmers and resource allocators currently in use do not take into account energy efficiency at all, but only the maximization of processing global cell, for example, to ensure fairness among users.
    [007] For example, the article by Schurgers, Aberthorne and Srivastava: “Modulation Scaling for Energy Aware Communication Systems”, ISLPED'01, 6-7 August 2001, Huntington Beach, California, USA, describes the use of graduation from modulation for energy saving purposes.
    [008] In addition, document WO-A-2009/34089 exposes a solution for CDMA systems, in which the power-aware connection adaptation is based on processing requirements and path losses. Purpose and Summary of the Invention
    [009] It was noted that the aforementioned solutions may not be used to optimize energy efficiency in the lower link (DL) direction without compromising QoS in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communication system, as in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) or Advanced LTE mobile network.
    [0010] In addition, it was noted that a significant modification of existing programmers or resource allocators would be required in order to implement energy efficiency towards DL.
    [0011] The need is therefore felt for improved solutions that can be dispensed with such disadvantages.
    [0012] In accordance with the present invention, this objective is achieved by means of a method having the characteristics published in the claims that follow. The invention also relates to a corresponding base station, as well as a computer program product, loadable in the memory of at least one computer and including portions of software code to perform the steps of the method of the invention when the product is run on a computer. computer. As used herein, that reference to such a computer program product is intended to be equivalent to reference to a computer-readable medium containing instructions for controlling a computer system to coordinate the performance of the method of the invention. Reference to “at least one computer is intended to highlight the possibility for the present invention to be implemented in a distributed / modular mode.
    [0013] The claims are an integral part of the description of the invention provided here.
    [0014] Several embodiments provide a lower connection schedule and resource allocation, which also takes into account energy efficiency objectives.
    [0015] In various embodiments, energy efficiency is achieved by modifying the decisions made by a conventional package programmer or resource allocator already implemented at the base station of an OFDMA communication system, such as an extended Node B (eNB) of a LTE or advanced LTE system. For example, several embodiments provide an additional post-processing module for this purpose.
    [0016] Several embodiments described here do not change the expected average DL processing of the global cell. Conversely, the solutions described here can be used with any programming algorithm already implemented at the base station.
    [0017] In several embodiments, the base station has stored a link layer model, which describes the relationship between the transmission power, for example the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), and the block error rate ( BLER) for a set of transmission formats.
    [0018] In several embodiments, the link layer model is used to evaluate alternative transmission formats and different numbers of physical resource blocks (PRBs) for the transmission of transport blocks in a given Transmission Time Interval (TTI) .
    [0019] For example, in various embodiments, the base station determines a set of possible alternative transmission formats with a different number of physical resource blocks, and determines, based on the link layer model, a value being indicative for the difference in total power required to transmit the transport block with the alternative transmission format and different number of physical resource blocks, while ensuring a target block error rate.
    [0020] Finally, if the total transmission power is lower, the base station can transmit the transport block with the alternative transmission format and different number of physical resource blocks.
    [0021] For example, in several embodiments, the base station evaluates alternative transmission formats, which have the same modulation.
    [0022] Therefore, the proposed solution provides energy savings, while the expected average DL processing of the global cell remains unchanged, that is, the transmitted power obtained is always equal to or less than the conventional one. Brief Description of Attached Representations
    [0023] The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the included representations, in which: - Figure 1 shows a prior art communication system; - Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a communication system including an energy efficiency post-elaboration block; - Figure 3 shows a possible modulation and coding scheme table; - Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the post-elaboration block of energy efficiency of Figure 2; - Figure 5 shows a possible channel quality indicator table; - Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a possible association between a transport block size index, several physical resource blocks and the corresponding transport block size; and - Figures 8 to 13 show possible connection curves and resource allocations in order to illustrate a possible embodiment of the invention. Detailed Description of Achievements
    [0024] In the following description, numerous specific details are given to provide a complete understanding of embodiments. The embodiments can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, etc. In other examples, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the embodiments.
    [0025] Reference throughout this specification to "the embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular aspect, structure, or feature described with respect to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in the embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. In addition, the particular aspects, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any satisfactory manner in one or more embodiments.
    [0026] The titles provided here are for convenience only and do not interpret the extent or meaning of the embodiments.
    [0027] As mentioned in the foregoing, several of the embodiments described here provide arrangements, which perform programming and resource allocation taking into account energy efficiency objectives.
    [0028] Figure 1 shows the structure of a conventional OFDMA communication system, including a BS base station (for example an eNB) of an LTE communication system, and a plurality of user equipment (UE), such as mobile terminals.
    [0029] The base station BS includes a plurality of queues 102, where data packets from the respective data streams can be stored. For example, queues 102 can be implemented through First In First Out (FIFO) memories.
    [0030] Subsequently, a programming module 104 performs the programming / resource allocation operation in order to select data packets to be transmitted at a specific Time Transmission Interval (TTI) and the resource grid is filled by allocating packets in Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs).
    [0031] PRBs are then transmitted according to the transport format selected for the EU mobile terminals by a physical layer 106, a power amplifier 108, and an antenna A. In general, the transmission on a given TTI will have RF power P1 [W] and T1 data processing [Mbps].
    [0032] Figure 2 shows a possible embodiment, in which a block of post-elaboration of energy efficiency (EE) 110 was inserted between the programmer 104 and the physical layer 106. Similarly, also in this case, the transmission in a given TTI will have an RF power P2 [W] and T2 data processing [Mbps].
    [0033] In the various embodiments, block 110 allows to decrease the transmitted power of DL, that is, P2 <Pi, while maintaining the expected average processing, that is, T2 = T1.
    [0034] In the various embodiments, block ii0 is implemented by means of a control unit, for example by means of portions of software code running in a processing unit.
    [0035] In the various embodiments, the i04 package and resource allocation block takes a preliminary decision on the right IMCS Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) to be used for each scheduled transport block (TB) in order to ensure the Target Transport Block Error Rate (BLER).
    [0036] For example, according to the LTE specifications of the 3rd Generation Society Project (3GPP), the MCS IMCS scheme corresponds to a certain modulation, with a QM modulation rate, and a certain transport block size (TBS) with ITBS index.
    [0037] Figure 3 shows in this respect a possible association between the McS IMcS index, the QM modulation rate and the TBS ITBS index for a Physical Bottom Link shared channel (PDScH), which corresponds to Table 7.1.7.1- 1 in section 7.1.7.1 of the document 3GPP TS 36.213 V8.7.0 (5/2009) “3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Access by Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures (Release 8) ”. In the example shown in Figure 3, the modulation rate can be QM = 2 for QPSK, QM = 4 for 16 QAM, or QM = 6 for 64 QAM.
    [0038] In several embodiments, block 110 modifies the programmer's decisions, while maintaining the same target BLER. In fact, it has been noted that energy efficiency goals may be in contrast to Quality of Service (QoS) requirements and / or processing maximization goals. Therefore, in various embodiments, the packet programmer 104 can make decisions in order to satisfy QoS requirements, while the subsequent EE block 110 tries to make the transmission more efficient from an energetic point of view, without compromising QoS.
    [0039] Figure 4 shows a possible realization of the cooperation of the package programmer and resource block allocator 104 and the post-elaboration block of EE 110.
    [0040] In the various embodiments, the EE 110 post-processing block receives from the package programmer 104 information 112, which identifies the transport blocks programmed for the considered TTI and the preliminary resource allocation (that is, the respective positions of frequency).
    [0041] For example, in the case of an LTE system, information 112 may include the set of TB programmed transport blocks, and for each TBk programmed transport block having a TBSk transport block size, with k = 1, 2, ..., K, the position of the PRBs allocated in the considered TTI.
    [0042] In the various embodiments, the EE 110 post-processing block receives from the package programmer 104 for each TB in the TTI also the respective preliminary transmission format 114 (for example, the number of PRBs for each package, and the scheme modulation and coding) and preliminary power levels 116 for transmission.
    [0043] For example, in an LTE system, the preliminary transmission format 114 may include the following parameters for each TBk programmed transport block: - the transport block size of the k-th TBSk transport block, for example expressed in bits; - the MCS IMCS scheme selected by programmer 104, which represents the chosen modulation rate QM and TBS ITBS index; and - the number of PRBs used in NPRB.
    [0044] For example, in an LTE system, preliminary power levels 116 may include a Pentagram (k) value, which identifies the PDSCH Energy per Resource Element (EPRE) for each TBk programmed transport block. Typically, in a conventional system, the Pentrada (k) value is used to communicate at the highest levels the need to build dedicated RRC messages to inform UEs about the current power level of PDSCH Resource Elements (REs).
    [0045] In the various embodiments, block 110 also receives values 132, which identify the quality of the communication channels between the BS base station and the UE mobile terminals, and a link layer model 134.
    [0046] For example, in the considered embodiment the values 132 can be provided in the form of a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) matrix considering all transport blocks programmed in the TTI, in which the CQI matrix can also be defined at PRB level.
    [0047] For example, the CQI C matrix can contain CQI c indexes (p, k) for each TBk programmed transport block and each PRBP physical resource block in the bandwidth / position p.
    [0048] For example, the CQI C matrix can contain arrangements of CQI c (k) for each of the k = 1, ..., K transport blocks:

    [0049] Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the previous formulation of the CQI arrangement may apply in general, for example to an LTE system, although in an LTE system CQI values may not be available for each PRB and / or a single CQI index can be associated with a plurality of PRBs.
    [0050] In addition, those of skill in the art will appreciate that CQI indices are normally provided on a per-user basis (ie, per mobile terminal) and not on a per-block basis. Possible solutions could be to transmit only one transport block to a respective user, or to apply the same CQI index (or arrangement) to all the transport blocks of a given user. Therefore, without loss of generality, in the following description it will be assumed for simplicity that each transport block corresponds only to a single user.
    [0051] In the various embodiments, the CQI values are derived directly from feedback information provided by the EU mobile terminals.
    [0052] For example, Figure 5 shows a possible definition of a 4-bit CQI index, which defines the respective MOD modulation and CR target code rate needed to guarantee for a SE spectral efficiency for a transport block. Specifically, Figure 5 corresponds to Table 7.2.3-1 in section 7.2.3 of the document 3GPP TS 36.213 V8.7.0 (5/2009) “3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures (Release 8) ”.
    [0053] Also intermediate post-processing within the eNB can be used in order to calculate the values of channel quality.
    [0054] In the various embodiments, the connection layer model 134 defines for each transmission format allowed by the respective standard (for example for each transport block size TBS and each modulation rate Qm) the respective work point in terms of signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). For example, the link layer model 132 can be calculated dynamically, or pre-calculated and stored in a memory.
    [0055] In the various embodiments, block 110 can also receive additional information 130, such as the considered TTI and other related parameters.
    [0056] In the various embodiments, the aforementioned information is used to generate an update transmission format 124 and updated resource allocations 122.
    [0057] For example, in the various embodiments, block 110 can change the number of redundancy bits used by the channel encoder. Therefore, while the set of programmed TBs remains unchanged, a different number of PRBs can be used to transmit some of these TBs and / or the position of a subset of these packets can also be reallocated in the TTI.
    [0058] For example, the updated transmission format 124 may include the following parameters for each programmed transport block TBk: - the size of transport block TBSk (which remains unchanged); - the MCS IMCS scheme; and - the PRB number used NPRB.
    [0059] The updated resource allocations 122 may include the set of programmed TBs (which remains unchanged), and for each programmed TBk (with TBSk length) the position of the PRBs allocated in the considered TTI.
    [0060] In the various embodiments, the updated transport format 124 is provided to the encoder, while the updated resource allocations 122 are provided to the physical layer 106.
    [0061] In the various embodiments, block 110 also generates updated power levels 126 to compensate for updated resource allocations 122 and updated transport formats 124.
    [0062] For example, the updated power levels 126 may include for each programmed TBk an updated power value Psa out (k) of PDSCH EPRE.
    [0063] For example, the updated power levels can be provided to the higher layers in order to build RRC messages that can inform the UE terminals about the updated power level (PDSCH EPRE) of the modified subset of packages. For example, in the various embodiments, the power levels related to unaltered packets remain the same and no corresponding RRC messages are constructed.
    [0064] In the various embodiments, the resource allocation block 110 performs the following operations: 1) initiation; 2) receipt of entries for the considered TTI; 3) choosing a subset of candidate transport blocks for the post-elaboration of EE; 4) determining an updated resource allocation, which also considers energy efficiency; and 5) production of outputs for the considered TTI. In the various embodiments, the updated solution is determined by executing for each transport block the steps of: a) remapping MCS; b) power adjustment; and c) selecting the best EE solution.
    [0065] In the various embodiments, the aforementioned steps are performed for each TTI, that is, each scheduling / resource allocation decision coming from programmer 104 is checked in order to produce new updated scheduling / resource allocation decisions. Block 110 can also work in advance looking at future TTIs, if preliminary scheduling / resource allocation decisions are available.
    [0066] The following will describe a possible implementation of the solution on an LTE 3GPP base station, that is, an eNB.
    [0067] In the various embodiments, eNB performs the following initiation for each possible value for TBSk transport block size and for each transmission format allowed by the 3GPP standard. For example, the initiation can be performed during provisioning, dynamically and / or in other preliminary phases, that is, the initiation should be completed only before block 110 operates in the results of programming block 104.
    [0068] For example, in several embodiments, a look-up table is calculated according to the LTE 3GPP specifications and stored in a memory.
    [0069] Figure 6 shows in this respect a portion of a possible realization of this consultation table, which was obtained by reordering the elements of Table 7.1.7.2.1-1 in section 7.1.7.2.1 of document 3GPP TS 36.213 V8.7.0 (5/2009) “3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification of Group Radio Access Network; Access by Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures (Release 8) ”, of which a portion was also reproduced in Figure 7.
    [0070] Specifically, each row in the table shown in Figure 7 refers to a certain index of TBS ITBS and contains the values for the size of TBS transport block for the respective numbers of PRBs used NPRB.
    [0071] In the considered embodiment, the table shown in Figure 6 was obtained by reorganizing the table shown in Figure 7 in order to list the TBS transport block sizes allowed by the Transport block size table.
    [0072] In the considered embodiment, all possible pairs (ITBS, NPRB) are listed in ascending order of NPRB for each allowed TBS. For example, this can be done only by looking for occurrences of the same TBS in the transport block size table and listing the corresponding pairs (ITBS, NPRB) in an orderly manner.
    [0073] In the table shown in Figure 6, the entry “n.a.” represents that no additional pairs (ITBS, NPRB) were available for a given TBS transport block size.
    [0074] In the various embodiments, eNB calculates (and possibly stores) also a set of gain elements a (i, j).
    [0075] For example, given a certain TBS transport block size and a certain modulation rate Qm, the gain element a (i, j) (expressed in dB) can be calculated as the power gain (or loss if positive) obtained to pass from the i-th transmission format to the j-th transmission format, while maintaining the same BLERT target block error rate. This gain calculation can be done in eNB using its internal bond layer models, for example bond layer curves.
    [0076] For example, Figure 8 shows two possible link layer curves i and j, in which each of the link layer curves provides the respective relationship between the signal to interferer plus SINR noise ratio and BLER block error rate.
    [0077] For example, the gain element a (i, j) can be calculated as the gain (expressed in dB) in terms of SINR between two link curves (at a BLERT target block error rate) for a given change of transmission format:

    [0078] For example, in Figure 8 the gain element a (i, j) would have a value of -7.5 dB when passing a given BLERT target block error rate from the link curve i to the link curve j.
    [0079] For example, in the case that the TBS transport block size is equal to 56 bits, the following possible transmission formats may exist (see Figure 6): - Transmission format # 0, (ITBS, NPRB) = ( 4, 1) - Transmission format # 1, (ITBS, NPRB) = (1, 2) - Transmission format # 2, (ITBS, NPRB) = (0, 3)
    [0080] For example, from a conventional transmission format # 1, the link layer curves can provide the following values (for example with a target BLERT of 0.1): - a (1, 0) = + 3dB; - a (1, 1) = 0 dB (by definition); - a (1, 2) = -7.5 dB.
    [0081] As a consequence, moving from the transmission format i = 1 to the transmission format j = 2 would provide a gain of a (1, 2) = -7.5 dB. Conversely, moving from the transmission format i = 1 to the transmission format j = 0 would provide a gain of a (1, 0) = + 3dB.
    [0082] In the various embodiments, eNB also calculates (and possibly stores) a set of PRB relationships.
    [0083] For example, for every TBS transport block size allowed by the standard, the respective ratio b (i, j) representing the difference between the used PRB number when passing from the i-th transmission format to the j-th transmission format (while maintaining the same modulation rate Qm) can be calculated as:

    [0084] Therefore, this definition represents the change in power needed to compensate for the change in transmission format, without changing the modulation and the PDSCH EPRE of the data transmission considered.
    [0085] For example, in the case that the TBS transport block size is equal to 56 bits, and when going from i = 1 to j = 2, with: - Transmission format # 1, (ITBS, NPRB) = ( 1, 2), - Transmission format # 2, (ITBS, NPRB) = (0, 3), while maintaining a QPSK modulation (Qm = 2), the PRB ratio can be calculated as:

    [0086] Subsequently, during normal processing, block 110 receives at its input all information coming from the existing programmer 104. Specifically, each TBk transport block to be programmed in a given TTI can be provided to block 110.
    [0087] In the various embodiments, block 110 also receives the following parameters: - the transport block size TBSk; - the MCS IMCS scheme selected by the conventional programmer 104 (this value represents the chosen modulation rate Qm and TBS index ITBS); - the PRB number used NPRB (this number represents the preliminary transmission format selected by the conventional programmer); and - the positions of all PRBs allocated to the TBk transport block in the considered TTI.
    [0088] In the various embodiments, the programmer 104 also produces a PDSCH EPRE preliminary power value Pentrado (k) for each TBk programmed.
    [0089] Figure 9 shows an example of a conventional resource allocation in a TTI (in time domain t), where without loss of generality, only a limited number of eight PRBs (in frequency domain f) was considered. In reality, the total number of PRBs available in a TTI depends on the bandwidth (for example, in an LTE system with a BW = 20 MHz there are 100 PRBs in frequency).
    [0090] In the example considered, three transport blocks (or packages) are programmed for transmission, in which the three packages have the following transport formats: - TB1: TBS = 56 (that is, a transport block size of 56 bits), Qm = 2 (that is, a modulation of QPSK), ITBS = 1, and NPRB = 2; - TB2: TBS = 208, Qm = 2, ITBS = 4, and NPRB = 3; and - TB3: TBS = 144, Qm = 4 (i.e., a modulation of 16 QAM), ITBS = 10, and NPRB = 1.
    [0091] Therefore, the first TB1 transport block occupies two PRBs (for example PRBs # 1 and # 6), while the second TB2 transport block occupies three PRBs (for example, PRBs # 2, # 3 and # 8) , and the third transport block TB3 occupies only one PRB (for example PRB # 4). PRBs # 5 and # 7 remain unused. For example, only reference signals (RS) and the first OFDM symbols (occupied by control signaling) can be transmitted in PRBs # 5 and # 7, while the resource elements (RE) reserved for data are not transmitted.
    [0092] In the various embodiments, it will be assumed that the MCS IMCS schemes selected by the conventional programmer 104 are consistent with the target BLER value. For example, programmer 104 can base his decision on CQI measurements coming from mobile terminals.
    [0093] Figures 10a and 10b show in this respect possible connection curves that correspond to different MCS schemes, which can be used for a generic TBk transport block.
    [0094] Specifically, Figures 10a and 10b show possible connection curves for the MCS schemes IMCS (1), IMCS (2) and IMCS (3).
    [0095] As can be seen, each of the curves can have a different signal to interference plus noise threshold SINR1, SINR2, and SINR3 for a given BLERT target block error rate.
    [0096] As a consequence, if a terminal experiences a certain work point in terms of perceived DL SINR, this means that (considering a certain PDSCH EPRE value) not all MCS schemes are valid to guarantee a given target BLER , and because some of these schemes may offer higher BLER values for a given SINR work point.
    [0097] For example, the IMCS link curve (3) placed on the right side of IMCS (2) intersects the work point SINR2 with a higher BLER value, while the IMCS curves (1) on the left side of IMCS ( 2) intercepts work point SINR2 with a lower BLER value.
    [0098] This means that the IMCS binding curve (3) may not meet the requirements of target BLER, while IMCS (1) may be another possible candidate MCS scheme for TBk.
    [0099] In the various embodiments, a CQI C matrix is provided at the entrance to block 110.
    [00100] In the various embodiments, matrix C contains for a given TTI the CQI indices for each programmed TBk and each PRB in the bandwidth.
    [00101] For example, the CQI matrix can contain CQI indices in a range between 1 and 15, with 0 being out of range (see for example Figure
    where c (p, k) is the element in the p-th row and in the k-th column.
    [00102] In the various embodiments, considering the TTI configuration and all inputs received from the conventional programmer, block 110 chooses a possible subset of satisfactory transport blocks for the application of EE post-processing. For example, the particular rule applied to choose this subset may depend on the modulation used, the transmission format applied in the first stage by the existing programmer / resource allocation block 104, the number and position of free PRBs in the considered TTI, and availability of CQI measurements (if any) for each user in PRBs other than TTI.
    [00103] In the various embodiments, block 110 performs the following operations for each TBk (candidate to be chosen for the application of the post-elaboration of EE), with k = 1, 2, ..., K: - calculation of a aggregated CQI index for all values related to the PRBs used; - comparison of the aggregated CQI index with the CQI values for free PRBs.
    [00104] Finally, the TBk transport block is selected, if the SEE set (k) of free PRB indexes satisfactory for the application of EE post-elaboration for a given TBk transport block is not empty.
    [00105] In the various embodiments, the aggregated CQI index is calculated as the minimum cMIN (k) among all CQI values c (p, k) belonging to the PRBs allocated (with p index) for a given TBk:

    [00106] Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the aggregated CQI index can also be determined in another way. Similarly, the hypothesis of the presence of a value c (p, k) for each PRB and for each user is only made in order to make the formulation of the CQI arrangement as generic as possible.
    [00107] In the various embodiments, the aggregated CQI index of a given user or transport block k is compared with the CQI values c (q, k) of the free PRBs. For example, if c (q, k)> cMIN (k), then the PRB with index q can be used to transmit data to the respective transport block TBk and its position is stored.
    [00108] Generally, if a PRB index belongs to different SEE sets (k), it can be used to transmit data to different users (or transport blocks). However, for the sake of simplicity, in the following description this particular case will not be dealt with specifically. However, such a condition can be managed, for example, by choosing the TBk with the best CQI index. In addition, conflicts in PRB designations could also be managed by comparing the overall energy savings achieved with all possible resource allocation solutions in the considered TTI, for example through iterative search for the best solution that maximizes global energy savings.
    [00109] For example, considering the following exemplary CQI matrix:
    and the preliminary resource allocation (see Figure 9): - TB1 is allocated to PRB # 1 and PRB # 6, - TB2 is allocated to PRB # 2, PRB # 3 and PRB # 8, - TB3 is allocated to PRB # 4 , and - PRB # 5 and PRB # 7 are not used.
    [00110] It is possible to observe that for transport block TB1 the CQI indexes of the free PRBs (c (5, 1) = 1 and c (7, 1) = 2) are greater than or equal to the CQI indexes of the PRBs of TB1 (c (1, 1) = 1 and c (6, 1) = 1).
    [00111] Therefore, the set of satisfactory free PRB indexes for the application of the post-elaboration of EE for transport block TB1 would be SEE (1) = {5, 7}.
    [00112] Conversely, the CQI indices of transport block TB2 (c (2, 2) = 4, c (3, 2) = 5 and c (8, 2) = 4) are higher than the CQI indices of the Free PRBs (c (5, 2) = 2 and c (7, 2) = 3). Consequently, these free PRBs cannot be used to transmit data to transport block TB2, because the quality is less than the quality of the PRBs used (# 2, # 3 and # 8), that is, SEE (2) = 0 .
    [00113] Finally, the CQI index of the TB3 transport block (c (4, 3) = 6) is greater than the CQI index of the free PRBs (c (5, 3) = 5 and c (7, 3) = 5). Consequently, also in this case, the set of indexes of free PRBs satisfactory for the application of post-elaboration of EE for transport block TB3 would be empty, that is, SEE (3) = 0.
    [00114] Consequently, in the previous example, only the TB1 transport block would be satisfactory for the application of EE post-processing.
    [00115] In the various embodiments, block 110 can perform two operations for each TBk transport block: - an IMCS remap to verify the number and / or position of PRBs needed to transmit the respective TB; and - a modification of the transmission power.
    [00116] Specifically, the power modification can be performed to compensate for the effects of remapping in the first phase, while maintaining the target quality and decreasing the total power transmitted to the respective TB.
    [00117] In the various embodiments, block 110 attempts to change the MCS IMCS scheme, while maintaining the same modulation for the selected transport block TBk.
    [00118] Figures 11a and 11b show exemplary embodiments for changing the IMS MCS scheme.
    [00119] In the embodiment shown in Figure 11a, block 110 evaluates MCS schemes on the left side of the currently used MCS scheme, for example a transition from IMCS (2) to IMCS (1). Therefore, block 110 attempts to increase redundancy by evaluating new pairs (ITBS, NPRB) in order to increase the number of occupied PRBs.
    [00120] In the embodiment shown in Figure 11b, block 110 evaluates MCS schemes on the right side of the currently used MCS scheme, for example a transition from IMCS (2) to IMCS (3). Therefore, block 110 attempts to decrease redundancy by evaluating new pairs (ITBS, NPRB) to decrease the number of occupied PRBs.
    [00121] Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the operation of decreasing the number of occupied PRBs can be performed for all transport blocks, while the operation of increasing transport blocks could only be performed if the CQI matrix indicated that some of unused PRBs can be allocated, that is, the respective SEE set is not empty.
    [00122] As mentioned above, changing the MCS scheme can also affect the expected BLER and the total transmitted power, which is expressed by the parameters b (i, j) stored during the initiation phase.
    [00123] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 11a, it is possible to move to transport block TB1 of the pair (ITBS, NPRB) = (1, 2) to the new pair (ITBS, NPRB) = (0, 3) increasing redundancy and decreasing the expected BLER. However, by increasing the number of PRBs, the total transmitted power is also increased and parameter b (i, j) has the following value:

    [00124] Figure 12a shows in this respect a possible remapping of transport block TB1. In the example considered, the transport format for transport block TB1 changes from TBS = 56, Qm = 2, ITBS = 1, NPRB = 2 to TBS = 56, Qm = 2, ITBS = 0, NPRB = 3, and by therefore one of the free PRBs (for example PRB # 7) is allocated in addition to transport block TB1.
    [00125] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 11b, it is possible to move to transport block TB1 of the pair (ITBS, NPRB) = (1, 2) to the new pair (ITBS, NPRB) = (4, 1) decreasing redundancy and increasing the expected BLER. In this variant, the total transmitted power is decreased and parameter b (i, j) has the following value:

    [00126] Figure 12b shows in this respect a possible remapping of transport block TB1. In the example considered, the transport format for the transport block changes from TBS = 56, Qm 2, ITBS = 1, NPRB = 2 to TBS = 56, Qm = 2, ITBS = 4, NPRB = 1, and therefore a of the PRBs (for example PRB # 6) is removed.
    [00127] Previous embodiments can also be performed both in order to determine a set of remaps opportunities for MCS, that is, new pairs (ITBS, NPRB) for each selected transport block TBk.
    [00128] In the various embodiments, the MCS remapping opportunities are then stored for further processing.
    [00129] In the various embodiments, block 110 attempts to change the PDSCH EPRE power level of the PRBs of a selected transport block TBk. Similarly for the MCS remap, for the current stage also two possible variants are possible: - decrease the power level of PDSCH EPRE in order to compensate for an MCS remap, which increases the TB redundancy, that is, an increased number of Busy PRBs; or - increase the power level of PDSCH EPRE in order to compensate for an MCS remap, which decreases TB redundancy, that is, a decreased number of occupied PRBs.
    [00130] Figures 13a and 13b show in this respect a possible power adjustment for both variants.
    [00131] In the various embodiments, block 110 adjusts the power level in order to restore the expected BLERT target block error rate.
    [00132] In the example shown in Figure 13a, the MCS scheme was changed from IMCS (2) to IMCS (1), and a lower BLER would be achieved for the same power P1. Therefore, block 110 can reduce the power from P1 to P2, until the initial BLERT target block error rate is reached.
    [00133] Conversely, in the example shown in Figure 13b, the MCS scheme was changed from IMCS (2) to IMCS (3), and a higher BLER would be achieved for the same power P1. Therefore, block 110 can increase the power from P1 to P2, until the initial BLERT target block error rate is reached.
    [00134] In various embodiments, block 110 changes the level of PDSCH EPRE in order to reach the same target BLER as in the initial programming phase (before MCS remapping) and to compensate for the power change due to MCS remapping.
    [00135] In reality, the change in power needed should be at least equal to (i, j).
    [00136] However, it was noted that this change in power does not take into account the effect of the remapping of MCS on the transmission power, which is expressed by parameters b (i, j).
    [00137] Therefore, in various embodiments, block 110 evaluates the change in total transmitted power, which is given by the sum of a (i, j) and b (i, j).
    [00138] In the various embodiments, block 110 calculates for each selected transport block TBk (with preliminary transmission format i) and for each possible new transmission format j, the following parameter: ΔG (i, j) = a (i , j) + b (i, j)
    [00139] This parameter represents the global power balance for the transport block considered TBk, and two cases can happen: - If ΔG (i, j)> 0, the resulting transmitted power after remapping MCS and power adjustment is increased, and the j-th transmission format is skipped, because it is not suitable for improving the energy efficiency of the eNB transmission; or - If ΔG (i, j) <0, the resulting transmitted power after CS remapping and power adjustment is decreased, and the j-th transmission format is satisfactory for improving the energy efficiency of the eNB transmission. Therefore, this transmission format is selected as a possible candidate transmission format for TBk.
    [00140] In the various embodiments, the value ΔG (i, j) is compared with a minimum threshold Th <0 dB that can correspond to a minimum energy saving objective for the considered TBk. For example, the Th threshold can take into account possible uncertainties in the bonding layer models.
    [00141] In the various embodiments, block 110 evaluates the terms ΔG (i, j) for each selected TBk. If some ΔG (i, j) terms are negative, then the best transmission format jBETTER can be chosen (for example, the minimum term, that is, with the maximum energy savings, since a negative value means a decrease in power).
    [00142] Therefore, the best value as the ΔGMELHOR can be calculated as: ΔGMELHOR = a (i, jMELHOR) + b (i, jMELHOR) and the PDSCH EPRE power level can be updated as follows: Psaida (k) = Length (k) + a (i, jBETTER)
    [00143] For example, considering the previous exemplary transmission formats: - Transmission format # 0, (ITBS, NPRB) = (4, 1), - Transmission format # 1, (ITBS, NPRB) = (1, 2 ), - Transmission format # 2, (ITBS, NPRB) = (0, 3), a possible solution may be to increase the redundancy by changing the transport format for transport block TB1 from IMCS (1) to IMCS (2), with (1.2) = -7.5 dB and (1.2) = +1.76 dB. Therefore ΔG (1,2) would be: ΔG (1,2) = -7,5 dB + 1,76 dB = -5,74 dB and the total transmission power for transport block TB1 could be decreased.
    [00144] However, a possible solution can also be to reduce redundancy by changing the transport format for transport block TB1 from IMCS (1) to IMCS (0), with (1.0) = +3 dB and b (1, 0) = -3 dB. Therefore ΔG (1.0) would be: ΔG (1.0) = +3 dB - 3 dB = 0 dB and the total transmission power for the TB1 transport block would remain significantly the same.
    [00145] Consequently, when considering all possible solutions for transport block TB1, block 110 would select ΔGMELHOR = -5.74 dB (with j = 2), and the updated transmission format for transport block TB1 would be even (ITBS, NPRB) = (0.3), and the updated power level of PDSCH EPRE would be changed to Psa Output (1) = Pentras (1) = -7.5 dB.
    [00146] Generally, multiple TBs could be renamed by the EE 110 post-drafting block. In this case, conflicts in the PRB designations could be managed by comparing the overall energy savings achieved with all possible resource allocation solutions in the considered TTI .
    [00147] For example, in the various embodiments, block 110 determines for the possible solutions for a given TTI, an aggregate gain function adding the individual gain functions ΔGMELHOR (k) of the candidate transport block:

    [00148] Block 110 can thus compare different TTI solutions by selecting the best overall gain ΔGSOMA, for example by means of an iterative search for the best solution that maximizes global energy savings.
    [00149] Finally, block 110 can produce the updated values, which can also be equal to the original values, because the post-elaboration of EE is subject to the evaluation of two conditions: - selection of the suitable transport blocks for the application of the powder -EE elaboration; and - selection of the best transmission format in order to increase energy efficiency.
    [00150] Generally, it is possible that there is no satisfactory transport block for the post-elaboration of EE, and / or that the conventional programmer at the entrance has already chosen a good transmission format in terms of energy efficiency. In this case, the proposed block does not change any preliminary resource scheduling / allocation decisions, and no operations are performed on the transport blocks.
    [00151] On the other hand, if such post elaboration is performed, the block produces the same expected output output, but with lower energy consumption for the processed transport block, and the total energy savings than for the transmission of lower eNB connection is given by the sum of all the contributions of the selected transport blocks in each considered TTI.
    [00152] In various embodiments, block 110 can also free part or all of the transport blocks and reallocate them by selecting the solution, which provides the best overall gain as described in the background.
    [00153] Without prejudice to the underlying principles of the invention, details and embodiments may vary, even appreciably, with respect to what has been described by way of example only, without departing from the extent of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    1. Method for programming transmission data of transport blocks (TB) in a Multiple Access communication system by Orthogonal Frequency Division, in which each of the transport blocks (TB) is transmitted with a respective transmission format (IMCS) ) and transmission power (P) in a set of physical resource blocks (PRB) in the frequency domain, the method characterized by the fact that it comprises: - identifying a link layer model that describes the relationship between the power of transmission and block error rate (BLER) for a set of transmission formats (IMCS); and - use the link layer model to evaluate alternative transmission formats (IMCS) and different numbers of physical resource blocks (NPRB) for at least one of the transport blocks (TB) by performing the steps of: a) determining for the transport block (TB) a set of alternative transmission formats (IMCS) with a different number of physical resource blocks (NPRB), including determining a set of unused physical resource blocks (PRB), which is included in the different number and that can be used to transmit the transport block (TB); b) if the set of alternative transmission formats (IMCS) with different number of physical resource blocks (NPRB) is not empty, determine as a function of the relation for at least one of the alternative transmission formats (IMCS) and different numbers of physical resource blocks (NPRB) a value being indicative for the difference in total power required to transmit the transport block (TB) with the alternative transmission format (IMCS) and the different number of physical resource blocks (NPRB), while ensures a target block error rate (BLERT); and c) if the value indicates that the total transmission power is lower, program to transmit the transport block (TB) with the alternative transmission format (IMCS) and the different number of physical resource blocks (NPRB).
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the transport block (TB) has a transport block size (TBS), and in which it determines a set of alternative transmission formats (IMCS) with different number of physical resource blocks (NPRB) includes determining alternate transmission formats (IMCS) and physical resource block numbers (NPRB), which can be used to transmit the transport block size (TBS) of the transport block (TB) .
    [0003]
    Method according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that it comprises determining for each alternative transmission format (IMCS) and physical resource block numbers (NPRB) in the set of alternative transmission formats (IMCS) and numbers of physical resource blocks (NPRB) a value being indicative for the difference in total power, and program for transmission of the transport block (TB) with the alternative transmission format (IMCS) and number of physical resource blocks (NPRB) which provides the best gain in transmission power.
    [0004]
    4. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that determining an unused physical resource block (PRB) set includes determining a set of channel quality indicators (CQI) for the physical resource block (PRB) and compare the channel quality indicators (CQI) of the unused physical resource blocks (PRB) with an aggregated channel quality indicator index (CQI) determined as a function of the resource block channel quality indicators (CQI) physical (PRB) in the set of physical resource blocks (PRB) of the transport block (TB).
    [0005]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that determining a value is indicative for the difference in total power required to transmit the transport block (TB) with the alternative transmission format (IMCS) and with the different number of physical resource blocks (NPRB) includes: - determining a value (a) being indicative for the gain when switching to the alternative transmission format (IMCS), while maintaining the same target block error rate (BLERT ); - determine a value being indicative for the gain when passing to the different number of physical resource blocks (NPRB); and - calculate the difference in total power as the sum of the value (a) being indicative for the gain when switching to the alternative transmission format (IMCS) and the value being indicative for the gain when switching to the different number of resource blocks physical (NPRB).
    [0006]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that it comprises modifying the transmission power (P) in order to transmit the transport block with the same target block error rate (BLERT).
    [0007]
    7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that it comprises: - evaluating alternative transmission formats (IMCS) and different numbers of physical resource blocks (NPRB) for each transport block (TB) in a given transmission time interval; - calculate an aggregate gain function for each possible combination of alternative transmission formats (IMCS) and different numbers of physical resource blocks (NPRB) for the transport blocks; and - select the combination that provides the best aggregate gain.
    [0008]
    8. Base station to program data transmission of transport blocks (TB) in a Multiple Access communication system by Orthogonal Frequency Division, characterized by the fact that each transport block (TB) is transmitted with a respective format transmit (IMCS) and transmit power (P) in a physical resource block (PRB) set in the frequency domain, where the base station (BS) comprises a control module (110) to execute the method as defined in any of claims 1 to 7.
    [0009]
    9. Base station according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the base station is a Node B extended from a Long Term Evolution or Advanced Long Term Evolution communication network.
    [0010]
    10. Computer-readable storage medium for programming transport block data transmission, characterized by the fact that it contains stored instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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    EP2520120B1|2015-04-22|
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    JP5491642B2|2014-05-14|
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    US20120287883A1|2012-11-15|
    BR112012016118A2|2016-05-31|
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    JP2013516129A|2013-05-09|
    CN102687568A|2012-09-19|
    CN102687568B|2015-04-01|
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    法律状态:
    2019-01-15| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-12-10| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2019-12-24| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Free format text: AS CLASSIFICACOES ANTERIORES ERAM: H04W 52/14 , H04L 1/00 Ipc: H04L 1/00 (1968.09), H04W 52/20 (2009.01), H04W 52 |
    2021-01-19| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-09| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 09/03/2021, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/EP2009/009299|WO2011079849A1|2009-12-29|2009-12-29|Adaptive scheduling data transmission based on the transmission power and the number of physical resource blocks|
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