巴西专利BR112012006870B1 tire and tire tread

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专利摘要:
Treadmill for tires, and tires. Tread (10) comprising at least two layers of wear provided with at least one continuous groove (2) comprising a plurality of external cavities (21) emerging on the tread surface in the new state and a plurality of internal cavities (22) placed radially and a totality within the new state, each external cavity (21) of a continuous groove (2) being connected to at least two internal cavities (22) of the same groove by connecting channels (23) ensuring continuity between the said internal and external cavities, this band comprising, on the other hand, a plurality of incisions (30) that open on the running surface of the band in the new state, each of said incisions connecting two consecutive external cavities of the same groove and at least two connection channels and at least one internal cavity.
公开号:BR112012006870B1
申请号:R112012006870-9
申请日:2010-09-28
公开日:2020-11-24
发明作者:Richard Audigier；Matthieu Vandaele；Gilles Douet；Stéphane Oraison
申请人:Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] [0001] The invention relates to the tread for tires and more particularly the carving designs of these strips as well as the tires provided with such strips whose performances in draining water show over the track by rainy season are taken more perennial, these treads are not damaged due to the wear speed.
[0002] [0002] In a known way, the use of tires in running conditions in rainy weather requires the quickest possible elimination of water in the region of the tire's contact with the track in order to ensure a contact of the material that constitutes the band with this lane. The water that is not removed over the front of the tire drains or is partly captured in the grooves and incisions formed in the tire's tread. Definitions:
[0003] [0003] By tread sculpture, here we understand the geometry of the part of the tread intended to come into contact with a track, this sculpture being formed by relief elements delimited from each other by cuts (grooves, incisions , wells, cavities).
[0004] [0004] Groove means here a hollow part emerging on a road surface coming into contact with the track, this hollow part having an appropriate average width so that the walls of matter that delimit it are never in contact one on the other under normal conditions of tire use. The grooves can have any shape seen in cross section and in line on the road surface and be oriented along any direction. By tracing a groove on the road surface, here we mean the geometric mean line followed by the edges formed by said groove on said surface. A groove can have ends open to the outside of the band or be continuous circumferentially.
[0005] [0005] By incision, here we mean a thin crack having a low average width and such that, under certain conditions of application, the walls of material that delimit it may come, at least partially, to contact one on the other when passage in the region of contact with the road.
[0006] [0006] In the present description, the terms "radial" or "radially" are used to indicate a direction which, when taken over the tire, is a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire while when, when taken over a tire tread only, corresponds to the thickness direction of that tread. On the other hand, the word "circumferential" is used to indicate a direction that corresponds to a direction tangent to a circle centered on the axis of rotation of the tire. This same direction corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the tread, which is being formed in the manner of a flat band before incorporation into a tire.
[0007] [0007] The total volume of hollow parts (or cavities) of a tread is equal to the sum of the volumes of hollow parts that open or not on the tread surface in the new condition. Some of these hollow parts can open in contact with a track after partial wear of the band.
[0008] [0008] The total volume of a tread is equal to the sum of the total volume of material that can be worn in tread before having to remove the tire (either to renew your tread by resurfacing or to replace it with a new tire) and the total volume of hollow parts.
[0009] [0009] The total thickness E of a tread corresponds to the thickness of the material destined to be worn when running on. By convention, this total thickness E does not take into account the thickness possibly foreseen to allow a partial renewal of the grooves by a retreading operation. This total thickness E is measured on the new tire between the tread and the outer surface of the wear indicators. Radially between the tire's top armature and this total thickness E, there is usually a complementary tread thickness E *.
[0010] [0010] For tires intended for the steering axles or carrier of a heavy load vehicle, it is usual to provide the tread of these tires with circumferential (or even longitudinal) grooves whose depth is equal to the total thickness of the tread (this thickness not taking into account the thickness eventually foreseen to allow a partial renewal of the grooves). This groove depth is, as a general rule, between 13 and 18 mm on tires intended for the mentioned axles. For tires intended for driving axles, the depth of the grooves can, however, go up to 24 mm. Thus, it is possible to obtain a tread having a performance in draining water present on the road that is always above a minimum performance of this safety performance and this whatever the level of wear of this tread.
[0011] [0011] For state of the art tires, the total volume of hollow parts is generally between 15 and 25% of the total volume of the tread intended to be spent during running-in (the total volume corresponding to the volume of material to which said total volume of hollow parts is added).
[0012] [0012] On the other hand, it appears that these tires have an effective hollow part volume Ve in the contact region that is relatively large in the new condition (effective here meaning potentially liable to be filled by a liquid present on the track). This volume of hollow parts opening on the running surface at the contact is, on average, in the order of 100 cm3 for a tire of dimension 315/70 R 22.5. The volume of effective hollow parts Ve opening on the running surface at the contact is evaluated when the tire is subjected to its static filling and crushing conditions in static as defined by the ETRTO standard.
[0013] [0013] If grooves or more generally cavities are indispensable for water drainage in contact with a track, the decrease in material resulting on the band can significantly affect the wear performance of this band and consequently reduce the duration of use of the tire resulting from increased wear speed. Other tire performances can also be affected and notably performance in behavior, in rolling noise, in rolling resistance. It is also observed that these grooves formed to have a useful depth equal to the height of the web to wear can be the cause of problems of durability. Under certain driving conditions, foreign objects as well as pebbles can be captured in these grooves and come to attack the bottom of these grooves and generate fractures in the rubber.
[0014] [0014] The creation of a plurality of grooves on a tread therefore has the inconvenience of reducing the amount of tread material for a given width of tread and consequently reducing the duration of tire use due to an increase wear speed.
[0015] [0015] On the other hand, the grooves generate a reduction in the compression and shear stiffness since these grooves delimit portions of material more sensitive to deformation compared to the portions delimited by incisions. In fact, in the case of incisions, the material walls that delimit these incisions may come into contact with each other at least in the passage in the region of contact with the track. This decrease in stiffness, in the case of the presence of grooves, induces an increase in deformations and generates a decrease in the wear performance of the web: greater wear is observed for a fixed distance traveled (this corresponds to an increase in the wear speed of the web). band). On the other hand, there is an increase in rolling resistance and, therefore, the consumption of vehicles equipped with such tires, resulting from an increase in hysteretic losses linked to cycles of material deformation composing the tread.
[0016] [0016] An object of the invention is to propose a tread provided with grooves and incisions that allow to have a performance equal to or greater than the minimum safety performance in drainage and this whatever the level of wear of this band, while improving significantly performance in life over wear, reducing rolling resistance and improving the tread's durability to aggressions.
[0017] [0017] In order to achieve this objective, a tread for full-thickness tire E is proposed having a tread surface intended to come into contact with the track, this band comprising at least two layers of wear in its thickness, or that is, at least a first and a second wear layer in its thickness. The first layer is the extra layer on the outside when the band is new and comes in contact with the track first. On the other hand, this band comprises at least one continuous groove formed by a plurality of external cavities that open on the surface of the road in the new condition and a plurality of internal cavities, the latter being positioned radially and entirely within the surface of running in new condition.
[0018] [0018] Wear layer means, in this application, a part of the tread connected to the maximum depth of the grooves in said wear layer. A wear layer has a thickness that is less than the total thickness of the tread and that is equal to the maximum depth of the grooves or cavities present in this wear layer. The treads of the invention comprise at least two wear layers of which some of the grooves or cavities are formed in only one of said layers. It is certainly possible and even advantageous that in this configuration, each wear layer is active before a previous wear layer is fully worn; in such a case there is a covering between at least two layers of wear. A wear layer becomes active as long as the cavities or grooves formed in this layer open on the tire's running surface in contact with the track to drain the water present on the track in a rainy season. The first wear layer corresponds to the part of the tread radially the most on the outside in the new condition.
[0019] [0019] The first wear layer extends, from the tread surface in the new condition, in the tread thickness to the radially innermost points of the external cavities.
[0020] [0020] By radially the most in the interior it is necessary to understand the points most distant from the road surface in the new condition.
[0021] [0021] After this first wear layer, another wear layer is defined as the layer extending in the depth of the band to the radially innermost points of the internal cavities of another considered wear layer. This layer extends from the radially outermost points of the internal cavities.
[0022] [0022] The external cavities have an average depth P1 less than the total thickness E of the tread, an average length L and a cross section, in a cutting plane perpendicular to the tread surface, of area S1 (these preferential provisions are applicable all variants described in this document).
[0023] [0023] The internal cavities have an average height P2 less than the total thickness E of the tread (this height being measured between the radially outermost points and the radially innermost points of the walls delimiting said cavities), an average length L2 and a cross section of area S2 (these preferential provisions apply to all variants described in this document).
[0024] [0024] All the cavities of the same continuous groove are such that the difference between the average lengths of the internal cavities and the external cavities is at most equal to 20% of the longest average length (that is, 0.8 ≤ L1 / L2 ≤ 1.2), and the difference in the mean areas of the cross sections of the internal and external cavities is at most equal to 20% of the largest mean area (that is, 0.8 ≤ S1 / S2 ≤ 1.2).
[0025] [0025] On the other hand, each external cavity of a continuous groove being connected to at least two internal cavities of the same groove by connecting channels ensure continuity between said internal and external cavities. Each connection channel has two ends connected to an internal cavity on the one hand and to an external cavity on the other side; each connection channel has cross sections (in a cutting plane perpendicular to the middle direction of the groove) whose areas are respectively equal to the cross section areas of the internal and external cavities connected by this connection channel.
[0026] [0026] This band comprises, on the other hand, a plurality of incisions opening on the tread surface in the new condition, each of the said incisions connecting two consecutive external cavities of the same groove and at least two connecting channels and at least one internal cavity.
[0027] [0027] Thanks to the presence of these connection cavities, it is possible to ensure the circulation of water from an external cavity to an internal cavity of the same groove and thus obtain a better drainage of water in the contact reducing the losses of hydrodynamic loads.
[0028] [0028] Each layer has a maximum thickness equal to 75% of the total thickness E of the tread (each wear layer comprising grooves or cavities that are proper to it and that are not entirely in another layer).
[0029] [0029] Advantageously, the thickness of the tread radially outside each internal cavity is greater than 25% of the total thickness E of the tread.
[0030] [0030] The external cavities and internal cavities preferably have average depths at most equal to 75% of the total thickness E of the tread.
[0031] [0031] Thanks to this tread structure, an appropriate hollow part volume is obtained to achieve satisfactory drainage while limiting the decrease in tread stiffness in the new condition, this hollow part volume formed by the cavities external in a first time of use then by the only internal cavities in another time of use, these internal and external cavities being connected to each other by connection channels. The groove according to the invention can be assimilated to a continuous groove that opens in a regular and discontinuous way on the surface of the tread in the new condition. This groove can take a general wavy shape intersecting the road surface in the new condition. It is the presence of the rubber material radially outside the internal cavities and radially inside the external cavities that allows to obtain a noticeable increase in the stiffness of the band under compression.
[0032] [0032] By reducing the rate of hollow surface parts in the new condition, the tread according to the invention, on the other hand, has the advantage of being less sensitive to pebble retention and therefore offers better resistance to groove bottom fractures caused by pebbles penetrating the rubber material. The rate of hollow parts of the surface means here the ratio between the surface of the external cavities opened on the road surface and the total surface of the said strip. The fact that internal cavities of the same groove do not emerge on the road surface in the new condition certainly allows to reduce the rate of hollow parts in the new condition, while at the same time having effective drainage in the groove.
[0033] [0033] Preferably, the tread according to the invention is such that internal cavities are arranged in the thickness of the band to emerge on the outside of the band after partial wear, this partial wear being less than the total wear of the first layer of wear. Due to lower partial wear, it is necessary to understand that the thickness reduction of the strip following the wear is less than the thickness reduction corresponding to the wear of the first layer, that is, that corresponds to the disappearance of the external cavities. In this advantageous configuration, the covering distance between the wear layers is said to be positive.
[0034] [0034] Preferably, this covering distance between the wear layers is less than half the depth P1 of the first cavities.
[0035] [0035] This variant has the advantage of ensuring an almost constant volume of hollow parts useful to drain the water present in contact with the track and this whatever the level of wear of the band.
[0036] [0036] Preferably, the tread according to the invention is such that each connecting channel connecting an external cavity to an internal cavity of the same groove has a length Li greater than zero and less than the circumferential length L of the external cavities. (Li measures the shortest length in the circumferential direction between one end of the outer cavity and one end of the inner cavity). Preferably, the length Li of each link channel is greater than zero and at most equal to 50% L1.
[0037] [0037] In a variant of the invention, the tread is such that the internal and external cavities of two successive wear layers of the same groove do not overlap - totally or partially - in the direction of the thickness of the band, that is, that they are entirely displaced from each other in the middle direction of the groove. The average direction of a groove corresponds to the direction in which the groove allows water to flow when running on a track covered with water; this direction generally corresponds to the direction of the largest dimension of the groove.
[0038] [0038] This variant according to which the internal and external cavities do not overlap - in whole or in part - in thickness has the advantage of minimizing hydrodynamic head losses in the path followed by water from the external cavities to the internal cavities. In the case of an overlap or overlap - in whole or in part - of the external and internal cavities, this means that an end of an external cavity is located beyond an end of an internal cavity which is within the scope of the present invention, but considered less favorable from the point of view of water flow in the furrow.
[0039] [0039] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention the total volume of hollow parts is at least equal to 7% and at most equal to 12% of the total volume V of the tread.
[0040] [0040] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the effective hollow part volume Ve (in the crushed state) for each wear layer, satisfies the following relationship: 0.4 If <Ve <0.8, where 0.4 and 0.8 are the heights expressed in millimeters and Se is the surface (in mm2 delimited by the external contour of the tread contact print measured in static under the nominal load and pressure conditions, the tire being mounted on its recommended rim.
[0041] [0041] The heights of 0.4 mm and 0.8 mm correspond to the average heights of water that can be present on a track due to rainy weather and that it is necessary to be able to drain to maintain a good contact between the tread and the track. These average heights multiplied by the surface Se - surface determined by the contour of the tread contact print on the same track and expressed in mm2 (the surfaces corresponding to the cavities that open on the surface of the tread are taken into account here) - they are even to provide an indication of the effective cavity volume Ve (in the crushed state). If this Ve volume is less than 0.4 times Se, it is not sufficient to obtain satisfactory drainage. If this Ve volume is greater than 0.8 times If, then it is deemed superabundant from the point of view of obtaining an appropriate band stiffness.
[0042] [0042] The effective volume of hollow parts Ve in contact helps to drain the contact region between the tread and a track.
[0043] [0043] So notably of increasing the rate of hollow parts of the tread surface in contact with a track (relationship between the hollow parts surface emerging on the tread surface in the new condition and the total surface of the contact zone with the track) the tread comprises at least one groove formed from a plurality of pairs of external cavities which are each extended by a connection channel, these connection channels emerging in the same internal cavity. The volume of this internal cavity can be reduced significantly in relation to the volume of the external cavities or adapted by the verse according to the performance sought and according to the tire in question.
[0044] [0044] In another variant, the volume of hollow parts effective Ve increases with the level of wear of the tread, therefore increasing by going from one wear layer to the next.
[0045] [0045] In another variant, the tread according to the invention comprises at least one groove whose outer cavities are each extended at its two ends by two connecting channels, these connecting channels each emerging in separate internal cavities. On the other hand, each internal cavity, as well as the connecting channels connecting this internal cavity to two external cavities, are radially extended towards the surface of the tread in the new condition by an incision to allow the molding and demoulding of the tread according to the invention.
[0046] [0046] What has been described for a band comprising two layers of wear can easily be applied to a number of layers of wear greater than two and notably three layers of wear. In this variant, the tread according to the invention comprises additional cavities located in a third wear layer extending radially inside the second wear layer. These additional cavities are connected to the internal cavities of the second wear layer by additional connection channels. These additional cavities determine a third level of wear and open on the tread after wear of the web having almost eliminated the second cavities. An application of this variant is particularly interesting in the case of a tire with very thick tread.
[0047] [0047] The continuous grooves formed by a succession of external and internal cavities connected by connecting channels, object of the invention, can be oriented in any direction on the band or on the tire (that is, longitudinally or transversely or obliquely in one or the other of these directions).
[0048] [0048] Advantageously, the grooves according to the invention are essentially oriented in a direction corresponding to the largest dimension of the band: both the longitudinal direction of the band and the circumferential direction when this band equips a tire.
[0049] [0049] In a particularly interesting variant, a band according to the invention comprises a first plurality of continuous grooves according to the invention in a first direction and a second plurality of continuous grooves according to the invention in a second direction crossing the first direction to form a network of crossed grooves. Advantageously, these first and second pluralities of grooves according to the invention are arranged so that the internal cavities of these first and second pluralities of grooves are connected together in order to reinforce the mesh effect. Because they are connected, it is necessary to understand that fluid circulation is possible between the different internal cavities of the two pluralities of grooves.
[0050] [0050] In an interesting variant, a band according to the invention comprises a first plurality of grooves according to the invention in a first direction and a second plurality of grooves according to the invention in a second direction crossing the first direction to form a network of continuous crossed grooves. These first and second pluralities of grooves according to the invention can be arranged so that the internal cavities of these first and second pluralities of grooves are arranged at different depths in order to obtain, in this case, a rate of substantially constant hollow parts whatever be the level of wear of the band. By the rate of hollow parts, it is necessary to understand the relationship between the surface of hollow parts on the tread surface considered and the total surface of the tread at the level of wear considered. The internal cavities, when even they are connected to the external cavities, are not considered to confer a rate of hollow parts on the tread before they appear on a new tread after wear of the band.
[0051] [0051] In another variant, it is possible to predict the presence of at least one channel oriented in a direction parallel to the average direction of a continuous groove formed by a succession of external and internal cavities, this channel being located at a depth corresponding to that of the internal cavities of said groove and this channel extending through an incision either to the surface of the tread or to the internal surface of said tread. The internal surface of a band means the surface on which the band is in contact with the tire it is fitted with. These incisions and channels can easily be made when molding the band. The cross section of this channel is determined so that when the channel is opened on the road surface after a wear of the web, a new groove of cross section is formed, suitable for a good flow of water present in rainy weather on the road. . This channel is designed to form a new groove opening on the running surface after partial wear at most equal to the thickness of the first wear layer.
[0052] [0052] In this variant, the tread may, on the other hand, comprise means for communicating at least one channel with a plurality of internal cavities of a continuous groove. Thus, the drainage power of the water when running on the water-covered track is improved at least from partial wear seeing the channel emerge on the running surface and forming a new groove.
[0053] [0053] In order to maintain a satisfactory level of tread stiffness according to the invention, it is advantageous that the incisions extending the internal and external cavities are provided with means of mechanical blocking of the relative displacements of the walls in front delimiting said incisions. Such means can take the form of undulation of the walls in front or reliefs modeled on the said walls and appropriate to cooperate together.
[0054] [0054] The invention also relates to a tire provided with a tread defined according to the invention, this tread radially outwardly surpassing a tire envelope consisting of a carcass armature and a top armature. The tread of this tire is realized as one of the preceding variants, certain dimensions of the grooves being linked to the average length of the contact surface of the tread with the track in the nominal conditions of tire use these nominal wear conditions being defined in the standards of E.T.R.T.O. or J.A.T.M.A.
[0055] [0055] It is advantageous to have, for each groove oriented circumferentially and formed of cavities that open on the tread surface and cavity under the tread surface, at least one external cavity permanently in contact in order to allow drainage. If the average length of the contact surface with the track is noted under the nominal tire wear conditions provided with a tread according to the invention (this average length being obtained by dividing the total area bounded by the outer contour of this contact surface by the width W of said surface), it is even more preferable that the average length of the external cavities of the circumferential grooves is comprised between 25% and 75% of the average length T of the contact surface.
[0056] [0056] In a variant not shown, the tread comprises a plurality of these grooves formed from a plurality of external cavities and internal cavities connected by connecting channels oriented in the longitudinal direction of the band, these grooves being arranged so that the cavities external openings on the road surface in the new condition are arranged so that they are widely displaced in relation to each other and the fact that the internal cavities are arranged equally so that they are all displaced in relation to each other. The advantage of such an arrangement is to limit the reduction of shear stiffness of the band, notably under transverse stress (for example, in curve).
[0057] [0057] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention arise from the description made below with reference to the attached drawings which show, as non-limiting examples, embodiments of the object of the invention. Description of the Figures
[0058] [0058] Figure 1 shows a partial view of the tread surface of a tread comprising a continuous groove according to the invention.
[0059] [0059] Figure 2 shows a sectional view according to a line II-11 taken on the tread of figure 1.
[0060] [0060] Figure 3 shows a sectional view according to a line lll-lll taken on the tread of figure 1.
[0061] [0061] Figure 4 shows a sectional view according to a line IV-IV taken on the tread of figure 1.
[0062] [0062] Figure 5 shows in section a variant of embodiment according to which a continuous channel is provided entirely located under the surface of the tread.
[0063] [0063] Figure 6 shows a partial view of a tread according to the invention in the new condition.
[0064] [0064] Figure 7 shows the plan view of the tread surface of figure 6.
[0065] [0065] Figure 8 shows the plan view of the tread surface of Figure 7 after a tread wear reaching the second wear layer.
[0066] [0066] Figure 9 partially shows a variant of a continuous groove having a pair of external cavities connected to an internal cavity.
[0067] [0067] Figure 10 partially shows a variant of a continuous groove having an external cavity connected to two internal cavities.
[0068] [0068] Figure 11 partially shows a variant according to which a tread is provided with grooves according to the invention oriented in two directions that these grooves intersect and are connected to each other.
[0069] [0069] Figure 12 shows a variant of the invention according to which the incisions connecting the internal cavities and the connecting channels to the running surface are provided with wells emerging on the running surface.
[0070] [0070] Figure 13 shows in section a tread variant according to the invention whereby the inclinations of the connecting channels to the ends of an internal cavity are different.
[0071] [0071] Figure 14 shows a variant according to which the grooves and incisions follow wavy paths.
[0072] [0072] Figures 15a and 15b show a variant according to which the external cavities of the same continuous groove are extended into the band by an incision provided with locking means.
[0073] [0073] Figure 16 shows a variant of tread comprising three layers of wear.
[0074] [0074] Figure 17 shows another variant of tread comprising three layers of wear.
[0075] [0075] Figure 18 shows a variant of a tread comprising, in addition to continuous grooves formed by a succession of external and internal cavities, transverse channels emerging over the outside of the tread and connected to internal cavities in the continuous grooves.
[0076] [0076] In order to facilitate the reading of the figures, the same reference signs are used to describe variants of the invention since these reference signs return to elements of the same nature, whether structural or functional.
[0077] [0077] Figure 1 shows a part of a tread 10 in the new condition, this tread having a thickness E, a tread 11 intended to come into contact with the track during the run and a surface 12 defining the thickness of the tread. band and located on the opposite of the tread 11. This part of band comprises a continuous groove 2 according to the invention. The groove 2 is formed by a succession of a plurality of elongated external cavities 21 of length L and emerging on the running surface 11 in the new condition, and of a plurality of internal cavities 22 of length L2 located entirely within the band. in new condition. Connecting channels 23 are formed to connect the internal cavities 22 and the external cavities 21 and thus ensure the continuity of the groove 2 in the main direction of the groove. These connection channels 23 have a length Li measured in the main direction of the groove. In order to ensure a good flow of liquid between the internal and external cavities, the connection channels have an end connected to an external cavity, this end having a cross section equal to the cross section of said external cavity. These same connection channels have another end connected to an internal cavity, this other end having a cross section equal to the cross section of said internal cavity. In the present case, the cross sections of the outer and inner cavities are substantially identical and each connecting channel retains substantially the same cross section from one end to the other end. It is evident that this cross section can be modified and varied between the two ends.
[0078] [0078] With a groove 2 according to the invention, the whole occurs as if it had a tread having two wear layers I and II in succession and during the use of the band, each wear layer having different cavities on the surface Shooting. A first layer I shows the external cavities 21 on the running surface and a second layer II shows the internal cavities 23 successively on a new running surface. Before the internal cavities appear, the connection channels continue to play their role and notably ensure the continuity of the groove.
[0079] [0079] Figure 2 shows a section of figure 1 in a reference section plane ll-ll in figure 1.
[0080] [0080] This figure 2 shows the cross section of an external cavity 21 having an SI area and extending in the band over a depth P1 equal to about 74.5% of the total thickness E of the band (this thickness corresponding to the thickness that can be used in shooting).
[0081] [0081] This external cavity 21 is extended partly and another by connecting channels 23 connecting it to the internal cavities 22 visible in cross section in figure 3.
[0082] [0082] Figure 3 shows a section of figure 1 in a reference section plane III -III in figure 1.
[0083] [0083] This figure 3 shows the cross section of an internal cavity 21 having an area S2 roughly equal to the SI area of the external cavities 21 and extending to the tread surface through an incision.
[0084] [0084] This internal cavity 22 has dimensions comparable to those of the external cavities 21; the respective lengths L1 and L2 (see figure 4) of the external and internal cavities are approximately equal here. In order for the band to always have groove elements on its tread surface, whatever the wear state of the band, it is advantageous, as is the case here, that the internal cavities 22 of the same groove 2 appear before the external cavities 21 disappear completely. Thus, a first wear layer I is formed, extending between the tread surface in the new condition and the innermost points of the external cavities 21; a second layer extends to the points of the innermost cavities 22 of the band. Of course, it is possible to predict that the second cavities will only appear after the first have completely disappeared due to wear.
[0085] [0085] Figure 4 shows a section of figure 1 in a reference section plane IV-IV in figure 1.
[0086] [0086] In this figure 4 we distinguish the succession of external cavities 21 and internal cavities 22 connected to each other by connection channels 23 of length Li. On the other hand, an incision 30 emerging on the running surface 11 in the new alloy condition an internal cavity 22, two connecting channels 23 and two external cavities 21. This incision 30 is positioned in the band so as to emerge on the tread 11 in a new condition in order to facilitate the molding and demoulding of the groove according to the invention. One can naturally predict that this incision will appear on the face 12 of the band that is opposite to this tread 11: in this case it is necessary to provide for modeling the band with its grooves and incisions before associating it with a band to form a tire.
[0087] [0087] When the first wear layer 1 is completely worn, initially internal cavities 22 emerge on the new tread surface and taking into account the remaining height of the band to wear can sometimes be enough to serve as a reservoir for the water present on the track.
[0088] [0088] Everything happens as if groove 2 follows a wavy path in the radial direction (that is, in the thickness of the band), this groove comprising a succession of parts (external cavities) opening on the road surface in the new condition and in alternation of the parts (internal cavities) entirely inside the tread in the new condition, the connection cavities ensuring continuity between the volumes of said internal and external cavities (that is, the possibility of circulating a fluid from the outside to the outside). internally and vice versa). Thus, when passing in contact with the track, the water present on this track can be drained from the external cavities to the internal cavities. It is certainly necessary that there should always be at least one external cavity fully or partially opened in the impression of contact with the track. The dimensions of the external cavities as well as those of the internal cavities are determined in order to respect this condition for a given length of contact with a track.
[0089] [0089] This same figure 4 distinguishes the presence of a TWI wear indicator that fixes the total thickness of the tread and can be worn while traveling. This indicator is molded on the bottom of an internal cavity 22 and has a height equal to 1.6 mm in this case to comply with legal requirements.
[0090] [0090] Thanks to these provisions, it is possible to have, in the new condition, an overall stiffness that is greater than with usual grooves that would each have a total depth equal to the distance of the innermost points of the internal cavities in relation to the road surface in new condition. At least in the first part of the wear of the band (that is, until it has spent 75% of the depth of the external cavities), the drainage and water capture function are carried out by this groove since the water recovered in the external cavities can drain into the connection channels and internal cavities. The water thus drained can then come from another external cavity. Advantageously, the connections between the different cavities are appropriate so as not to hinder the flow of liquid within the groove.
[0091] [0091] When the first wear layer 1 is completely worn, the internal cavities 22 open over its entire length on the running surface and can then serve as a reservoir to store a part of the water present on the track.
[0092] However, it is therefore advantageous, as shown in Figure 5, to combine with this groove the presence of a continuous channel 40 of general orientation identical or substantially identical to that of groove 2 and whose function is to form a new continuous groove that appears and it emerges on the running surface after partial wear such that the internal cavities 22 of the second wear layer II also appeared on said new running surface. The water flow function is then preserved since the channel 40 has become a continuous groove able to drain and drain the water, the internal cavities 22 of the groove 2 according to the invention forming water retention reservoirs discontinuous with each other. others in this variant.
[0093] [0093] In this figure 5 showing a section of a portion of a tread according to the invention, the presence of a groove 2 is distinguished comprising a plurality of external cavities 21 and internal cavities 22 connected by connecting channels 23, and that of a channel 40 whose cross section has an appropriate area to allow water to drain as soon as a new groove is formed after partial wear of the web corresponding to the depth of appearance of the channel 40 on the new tread.
[0094] [0094] Preferably, the channels formed inside the tread are dimensioned to offer an appropriate drainage volume and in particular these channels can have heights substantially equal to the height of the internal cavities. In this variant, it is possible to keep the volume of hollow parts useful for draining water on the track almost constant or even throughout the entire duration of the tire provided with a tread as described.
[0095] [0095] Continuous grooves formed from a plurality of internal and external cavities according to the invention can be oriented in any direction on a tire tread.
[0096] - quer sulcos de baixa profundidade, os quais são substituídos progressivamente pelos sulcos de acordo com a invenção - quer sulcos de acordo com a invenção se abrindo na condição nova da banda sobre a superfície de rodagem. [0096] Continuous and undulating grooves in the thickness according to the invention can be formed in a tread so as not to open on the tread in the new condition, but only after a partial wear of the tread. As is evident, it is wise to combine them with: - or shallow grooves, which are progressively replaced by grooves according to the invention - or grooves according to the invention opening in the new condition of the web on the tread.
[0097] [0097] An overlap between the external and internal cavities is foreseen so that after partial wear of the tread, the internal cavities open on the tread surface before the complete disappearance of the external cavities.
[0098] [0098] Now another example of a 315/70 R 22.5 tire is presented, comprising a tread according to the invention.
[0099] [0099] Figure 6 represents a part of this tread only whose longitudinal direction is indicated by the direction of axis XX 'in this figure. This band has a width W equal to 258 mm and has a total thickness equal to 9.4 mm measured as the distance separating the tire tread in the new condition and the wear indicators (these wear indicators are positioned so that indicate a groove height equal to 1.6 mm). On the other hand, a complementary E * thickness (here equal to 6.6 mm) is provided between the tread and the top reinforcement of the tire. This band is provided with three continuous grooves 2 with longitudinal orientation (that is, circumferential once this band is incorporated in a tire), each of these grooves being formed by a succession of external and internal cavities 22, the external cavities 21 opening on the tread 11 of the tread in the new condition and the internal cavities 22 formed entirely under the tread in the new condition.
[0100] [00100] Connecting channels 23 connect the external cavities to the internal cavities. Each connecting channel has an end area equal to the cross-sectional area of the external cavity to which it is connected and its other end area equal to the cross-sectional area of the internal cavity and to which it is equally connected. All the continuous grooves 2 have their main direction substantially oriented in the longitudinal direction of the band. In a variant way, connection channels from the lower section area to the section areas of the internal or external cavities can be used equally.
[0101] [00101] In the present case, the length L of each external cavity is equal to 150 mm and the length L2 of each internal cavity is equal to 110 mm; the length Li of the connection channels is equal to 15 mm.
[0102] [00102] Each external cavity 21 has an average width equal to 12 mm and a depth of 7 mm (that is, 74.5% of the total thickness E). The walls that delimit an external cavity make an average angle of 15 degrees with a perpendicular to the running surface and tend to converge towards each other going towards the bottom of said cavity.
[0103] [00103] Each internal cavity has an average width equal to 9 mm and a depth of 7 mm (that is, 74.5% of the total thickness E). The walls that delimit an internal cavity make an average angle of 15 degrees with a perpendicular to the running surface and tend to converge towards each other going towards the bottom of said cavity.
[0104] [00104] On the other hand, the internal cavities 22 and the connection channels 23 are extended towards the running surface by incisions 30 whose walls that delimit them are provided with motifs in hollow parts and in relief that interact with each other to limit the as far as possible the relative displacements between said walls and thus retain greater rigidity. In the present case, the average distance separating the walls with respect to the same incision is equal to 0.4 mm. It can be seen that the external cavities 21 have roughly the same dimensions and that they are arranged so that they are displaced from each other in the longitudinal direction in order to reduce the impact on running noise and increase the efficiency of water recovery when running on soil covered with water.
[0105] [00105] An overlap equal to 3 mm is provided between the external and internal cavities so that after partial wear of the tread, the internal cavities open on the surface before the external cavities completely disappear.
[0106] [00106] Figure 7 shows the plan view of the tread surface of figure 6 when the first wear layer is in contact with the track. It is observed that the running surface comprises three continuous grooves 2, circumferentially oriented and axially interspersed between them, two incisions 41 radially extended inside by a continuous circumferential channel 40.
[0107] [00107] This tread has a total volume of hollow part Vc equal to 9% of a volume equal to the sum of the total volume V of tread material and the total volume of hollow parts.
[0108] [00108] Each wear layer of this tread has a total volume of effective hollow part Ve in the contact region that is equal to 40 cm3. This effective volume Ve, expressed in mm3, meets the ratio 0.4 St <Ve <0.8 St (with 24120 <40000 <48240) the surface St expressed in mm2. In the present case, the surface St is equal to 60300 mm2, this surface being delimited by the external contour of the tread contact print measured in static under the nominal load and pressure conditions, the tire being mounted on its recommended rim.
[0109] [00109] Figure 8 shows the plan view of the tread surface of Figure 6 after a strip wear reaching the second wear layer. It is possible to notice the internal cavities that are opened on the running surface and are discontinuous from each other, as well as the new circumferential grooves formed by the appearance of the channels on the running surface.
[0110] [00110] In another interesting variant of the invention, at least one groove as shown partially in figure 9, namely that at least one continuous groove 2 is formed from a plurality of external cavities 211, 212 opening over the running surface 11 in the new condition, these external cavities 211, 212 being formed by pair, each pair of first cavities extending by connection channels 231, 232 respectively, these last connection channels come together to emerge at the same first end of a internal cavity 22 formed inside the band. This internal cavity extends at its second end through two connection channels connected to a new pair of first cavities that open on the tread surface in the new condition of the band. In the image of the variant shown in figure 1, the connection channels and internal cavities are extended towards the tread surface by an incision of which the ends form a Y-shaped trace locally on the tread surface.
[0111] [00111] This variant allows a better distribution of the external cavities emerging on the tread surface in the new condition.
[0112] [00112] In another interesting variant of the invention, at least one groove 2 as shown partially in figure 10. In this variant, a groove 2 is formed from a plurality of external cavities 21 opening on the running surface 11, each external cavity extending through two connection channels 231, 232, each connection channel emerging at one end in an internal cavity 221, 222. In this variant, the number of internal cavities is therefore twice the number of external cavities. This variant allows, for a drainage volume chosen according to the desired result for a tire, to obtain a more homogeneous internal hollow part distribution in the band and thus a lower incidence in the band stiffness. Incisions 301, 301 extend the internal and connecting cavities for the running surface 11. Each cavity in the pair of internal cavities can be located at the same depth in relation to the running surface 11 or else at different depths.
[0113] [00113] In another interesting variant of the invention shown with the support of figure 11, a tread is provided with a first plurality of longitudinally oriented grooves 2 '(that is, circumferential over the tire provided with this band) and a second plurality of orientation grooves 2 "crossing the first plurality of grooves 2 '. In the present case, the angle formed by these pluralities of grooves is equal to 90 °, but it is obviously possible to use any other value.
[0114] [00114] Each groove 2 'of the first plurality of grooves is formed of a plurality of internal cavities 22' and external cavities 21 'connected by connecting channels 23' defining a first wear layer and a second wear layer of the band.
[0115] [00115] Each groove 2 "of the second plurality of grooves is formed of a plurality of internal cavities 22" and external cavities 21 "connected by connecting channels 23". The layout of the variant shown is such that the position in the thickness of the band is substantially identical for the internal cavities of the first and second grooves 2 'and 2 ".
[0116] [00116] On the other hand, an interconnection is made between the first and second grooves 2 ', 2 "at the level of its internal cavities 22' and 22". The internal cavities cut between them so as to form a network of cavities at the same time on and under the surface of the tread, said network favoring the drainage of water very much.
[0117] [00117] On the other hand, the internal cavities and the connection channels are extended to the running surface by incisions 30 'and 30 "that are cut and present in their intersections a kind of well of circular section 50. These wells 50 have the advantage of increasing the water drainage capacities by the band when running on ground covered with water.
[0118] [00118] In a variant not shown, the first and second pluralities of grooves 2 ', 2 "are not necessarily oriented so as to be perpendicular to each other. It is thus possible to have a first plurality of grooves oriented in the circumferential direction and a second plurality of grooves oriented according to a direction making an angle other than 90 degrees with the first plurality of grooves. One can also envisage a variant comprising, on the other hand, a third plurality of grooves oriented notably, but not necessarily, to be symmetrical of the second plurality of grooves 2 "with respect to the first the plurality of grooves 21.
[0119] [00119] In another variant shown in figure 12, a groove 2 according to the invention is shown that appears on the tread after a small partial wear of the band, ie that the external cavities 21 do not emerge on the surface of running in new condition. On the other hand, the external cavities 21, the connecting channels 23 and the internal cavities 22 are extended towards the running surface by an incision 30, itself provided with a plurality of widgets 61 and 62. Extensions 61 are formed towards the exterior of the external cavities 21 and widens 62 are formed towards the exterior of the internal cavities 22 in order to complete and increase the drainage effect of the groove 2. These widings, in the present case, are oriented approximately perpendicularly to the road surface; they could be tilted at an angle other than 90 degrees with this surface as needed. These enlargements take the form of cylindrical wells here.
[0120] [00120] Figure 13 shows another interesting variant to create a directional effect of flow flows of water circulating inside the groove during the running of a tire provided with a tread itself provided with at least one continuous groove formed from of a plurality of external and internal cavities 22 connected by connecting channels 231, 232.
[0121] [00121] According to this variant, the connection channels 233, 234 located on part and other of an internal cavity 22 have different lengths Li, Lj respectively and consequently have different mean slopes A1 and A-2 (these angles A1 and A -2 are measured in relation to a direction perpendicular to the road surface). In the preferred variant, the connecting channel that is more inclined in relation to a perpendicular to the road surface (ie the longest channel) is located on the side that resumes the first one in contact with the track (the arrow R indicates the direction of rotation). By this means, a tread sculpture design is created which has a preferred direction of travel (an apparent means can be fixed on the band or on the tire to indicate this preferred direction).
[0122] [00122] In the variant shown with figure 14, very close to the variant shown with figures 6, 7 and 8, a tread comprises, in the new condition, a plurality of continuous longitudinal grooves, these grooves 2 being formed a succession of internal cavities 22 and external cavities 21 connected by connecting channels 23. In order to increase longitudinal adhesion, these grooves 2 follow, on the running surface 11, a generally wavy shape. On the other hand, in the presented variant, there is the presence of holes formed on each incision located between two successive external cavities; these holes extend from the running surface to the internal cavities 22. On the other hand, the web comprises a longitudinal incision 40 having also a generally wavy shape substantially parallel to the shape of the grooves 2; this incision 40 is extended in the thickness of the web by a channel as previously described, and intended to appear on the running surface to form a new groove after partial wear of the web.
[0123] [00123] In the variant shown with this figure 14, each cavity (first or second) has a curved shape, but the person skilled in the art could choose any other geometric shape and notably a rectilinear or zigzag shape.
[0124] [00124] Figures 15a and 15b partially show a tread, characterized by the fact that each external cavity 21 that opens on the tread in the new condition is extended radially towards the interior by an incision 80 to the bottom of the wearable part of the tread. Figure 15a shows a volume and perspective view of a part of the tread according to the invention and comprising a continuous groove 2 and passing from the tread 11 in the new condition to a wear layer located inside the band. This groove comprises external cavities 21 connected by channels 23 to internal cavities 22. In this variant the external cavities 21 are extended towards the inside of the band by an incision 80 whose walls are provided with means 82 that allow the blocking of the relative movements of said walls with respect to each other. On the other hand, an enlargement 81 is foreseen locally combining with incision 80. In the image of what is predicted for incision 80 located under the external cavity; locking means 32 are provided on the incision 30 emerging on the running surface, this incision connecting two external cavities 21 and two connecting channels 23 with each other. Figure 15b shows the same part of the tread in plane the drawing surface corresponding to the road surface. This incision 30 emerging on the running surface also comprises an enlargement 31 in its middle.
[0125] [00125] The interest of this variant is to improve the placement of the tread in contact with the track, reducing the level of resulting tensions.
[0126] [00126] All the variants described so far show treads comprising two layers of wear through the grooves according to the invention.
[0127] [00127] In the following variants, grooves according to the invention are depicted, which in effect delimit three layers of wear in the band thickness (this number of three is not in fact a limit, but simply a supplementary example value to the description of the invention).
[0128] [00128] In a first of these variants (figure 16) the internal and external cavities of the different levels do not overlap in the thickness of the band: they are consequently displaced in relation to each other in the circumferential direction. In the second of these variants (figure 17), the internal cavities of the third wear layer overlap in thickness with the external cavities, that is, that their position is obtained substantially by translating the thickness of the external cavities.
[0129] [00129] Figure 16 shows a continuous groove according to the invention and defining three successive wear layers in the web thickness. According to this variant, the continuous groove 2 comprises external cavities 21 opened in the initial state on the running surface 11 and extending through connecting channels 23 towards the first internal cavities 22 located in a second wear layer. These first internal cavities 22 being themselves extended by connecting channels 25 to second internal cavities 24 located in a third wear layer III. In this variant shown with figure 16, radially below each external or internal cavity, there is no other internal cavity. Finally, this groove is extended radially to the tread surface in the new condition by an incision 30 facilitating the molding and demoulding of such a groove.
[0130] [00130] In another variant, shown with figure 17, the band comprises three wear layers I, II, III and the groove shown comprises internal cavities 24 of the third wear layer III that overlap in the direction of thickness with the external cavities 21 of the wear layer I. In the variants shown with figures 16 and 17, the different cavities are represented in substantially identical dimensions; it would naturally be within the reach of the person skilled in the art to adapt the lengths of the different cavities according to their position or to adapt the respective volumes of these cavities without leaving the framework of the present invention. In this variant shown with figure 17, the internal cavities 22 of the second wear layer II are connected to the third internal cavities 24 by connecting channels 25. To allow molding and demoulding, in addition to an incision 30 emerging over the running surface 11, an incision 35 is provided connecting an external cavity 21 and the internal cavity radially inside, this incision 35 also connecting the connecting channels 23 and 25. Advantageously, these incisions 30 and 35 are provided with locking means on the walls that delimit them.
[0131] [00131] In the variant shown with figure 18, a tread according to the invention is provided, on the other hand, with transverse channels 70 formed under the tread surface 11 of the band in the new condition, these transverse channels being of number appropriate and opening over longitudinal grooves 2 (that is, circumferential once the band is incorporated into a tire) and notably over internal cavities 22 of said grooves. These same transverse channels 70 are provided to open on the outer side walls 13 of the tread and thus further improve the drainage effect of the grooves 2 regardless of the state of wear of the band. Thus, as soon as the external cavities 21 have completely disappeared due to the wear of the first layer of wear of the band, these transverse channels 70 form new transverse grooves and ensure the continuity of the flow of water from the internal cavities 22 to the outside of the band.
[0132] [00132] As evident, these transverse channels 70 can be connected to the various internal cavities 22 of various grooves 2 in order to improve the flow of water from all the grooves thus connected after partial wear of the band thus creating a kind of net more or less complex. These transverse channels 70 can also be connected to continuous channels oriented circumferentially and formed entirely under the running surface in the new condition (as shown in figures 6 to 8).
[0133] [00133] On the other hand, these channels 70 appear on the tread surface after partial wear, allow to increase the rate of hollow parts on the surface and form new transversal edges useful to cut the water layer present on the track due to rainy weather .
[0134] [00134] The invention is not limited to the described and represented examples and several modifications or additions can be introduced without leaving its framework.
[0135] [00135] Notably, the tread according to the invention may comprise a combination of at least one groove formed from a succession of external and internal cavities, the latter not opening on the tread surface only after partial wear of said band, and at least one additional groove opening over the running surface in the new condition, this additional groove having a depth at least equal to that of the groove points according to the invention most internal to the band.
[0136] [00136] The internal cavities of different grooves according to the invention can be positioned at different levels in the thickness of a band.
[0137] [00137] On the other hand, although the whole of this description is intended to describe the application to a tire intended to be fitted to a heavy load vehicle, it should be understood that a tread comprising a sculpture has also become part of the invention since that such tread is intended to be integrated into a tire (either in manufacture or when resurfacing the tire).
[0138] [00138] Unlike the invention, cavities molded with the wetting element described in the application (WO 02/38399) if they define different wear layers well, do not present any real continuity between the external cavities and the internal cavities since there is no channel connection between them allowing to ensure water circulation when running on a water-covered track.
[0139] [00139] These sculpture designs according to the invention, while offering a satisfactory drainage of the regions of contact with a track during the entire wear duration, allow to maintain a high overall stiffness in comparison with ordinary sculptures and thus making it possible a reduction in the thickness of the tread with the same overall performance, which is well understood as favorable in terms of energy consumption. This also allows for the use of appropriate rubber compositions.

权利要求:
Claims (22)
[0001]
Tread (10) for thick tire E having a tread surface (11) intended to come into contact with the track, this tread comprising at least two layers of wear, that is, at least one first and a second layer of wear in its thickness, the tread being provided with at least one continuous groove (2) comprising a plurality of external cavities (21) emerging on the running surface in the new condition and a plurality of internal cavities (22) positioned radially and completely inside the road surface (11) in the new condition, the first wear layer extending in the tread thickness to the radially innermost points of the external cavities (21), each other wear layer extending in the thickness of the band to the innermost points of the internal cavities (22) of the considered wear layer, the external cavities (21) having an average depth P1, an average length L1 and a cross section of area S1, the internal cavities (22) having an average height P2, an average length L2 and a cross section of area S2, these external cavities (21) and internal (22) being such that: the difference between the average lengths of the internal cavities and the external cavities is at most equal to 20% of the longest average length (that is, 0.80 ≤ L1 / L2 ≤ 1.20) the difference in the mean cross-sectional areas of the internal and external cavities being at most equal to 20 % of the largest mean area (ie 0.80 ≤ S1 / S2 ≤ 1.20), each external cavity (21) of a continuous groove (2) being connected to at least two internal cavities (22) of the same groove by connecting channels (23) ensuring continuity between said internal and external cavities, this band additionally comprising a plurality of incisions (30) opening on the tread surface in the new condition, each of said incisions connecting two consecutive external cavities of the same groove and at least two connecting channels and at least one cavity internal, the tread characterized by the fact that each connection channel has two ends having each of the cross sections of areas equal to the areas of the cross sections of the internal and external cavities connected by this connection channel.
[0002]
Tread according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the depths of each internal or external cavity is less than the total depth E of the band.
[0003]
Tread according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the distance a between each internal cavity and the surface of the tread in the new condition is greater than 25% of the total thickness E of the tread.
[0004]
Tread according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each wear layer has a thickness at most equal to 75% of the total thickness E of the tread.
[0005]
Tread according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that internal cavities (22) are arranged in the thickness of the web to emerge after partial wear of the tread less than the total wear of the first wear layer.
[0006]
Tread according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each connecting channel (23) connecting an external cavity (21) to an internal cavity (22) of the same continuous groove (2) has a Li length greater than zero and less than half the L1 length of the external cavities.
[0007]
Tread according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the internal and external cavities of the same groove do not overlap in the direction of the thickness of the band.
[0008]
Tread according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least two external cavities (21) are each extended by a connection channel (23), these connection channels emerging over the same internal cavity (22).
[0009]
Tread according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each external cavity (21) of at least one continuous groove (2) is extended at each of its ends by two connecting channels (23 ' , 23 ”), these connection channels emerge each in different internal cavities.
[0010]
Tread according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises additional cavities located in a third wear layer extending radially inside the second wear layer, these additional cavities being connected to the internal cavities of the second layer wear by additional connection channels.
[0011]
Tread according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it comprises a first plurality of continuous grooves formed from a plurality of external and internal cavities connected by connecting channels, these grooves being oriented in a first direction, and in which it comprises a second plurality of continuous grooves formed from a plurality of external and internal cavities connected by connecting channels, the grooves of this second plurality of grooves being oriented in a second direction intersecting the first direction to form a network of crossed grooves, internal cavities of the second plurality of grooves being connected to internal cavities of the first plurality of grooves.
[0012]
Tread according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that the depths of each internal or external cavity is less than the total depth E of the band.
[0013]
Tread according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the distance a between each internal cavity and the surface of the tread in the new condition is greater than 25% of the total thickness E of the tread.
[0014]
Tread according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of grooves formed from a plurality of external and internal cavities connected by connecting channels, the grooves being oriented in the longitudinal direction of the band and being arranged so that the the first cavities opening on the running surface in the new condition are arranged offset from each other in the longitudinal direction, and in which the second cavities are equally displaced from each other in the longitudinal direction.
[0015]
Tread according to claim 14, characterized by the fact that the depth of each internal or external cavity is less than the total depth E of the band.
[0016]
Tread according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the distance a between each internal cavity and the surface of the tread in the new condition is greater than 25% of the total thickness E of the tread.
[0017]
Tread according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the continuous grooves formed of at least external cavities and internal cavities connected by connecting channels have a generally wavy shape.
[0018]
Tread according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that each external cavity opening over the tread in the new condition is extended radially inwards by an incision to the bottom of the tread, this incision being also connected to two connecting channels and two internal cavities.
[0019]
Tread according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that it additionally comprises at least one channel entirely located within the band and intended to form a new groove opening on the tread surface after partial wear on the maximum equal to the thickness of the first wear layer.
[0020]
Tread according to claim 19, characterized in that it additionally comprises means for communicating at least one channel with a plurality of internal cavities of a continuous groove.
[0021]
Tread according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of channels (70) emerging over the edges of the band, these channels opening in at least one internal cavity (22) of a continuous groove .
[0022]
Tire fitted with a tread of the type defined in any one of claims 1 to 21, the tire characterized by the fact that the average length of external cavities in the circumferential grooves is between 25% and 75% of the average length T of the surface of tire contact measured in the rated conditions of use of that tire.

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

EA020911B1|2015-02-27|

AU2010303038A1|2012-05-24|

FR2950565B1|2012-08-31|

CA2774226A1|2011-04-07|

EP2483087B1|2013-12-18|

BR112012006870A2|2016-06-07|

JP2013505874A|2013-02-21|

JP5646637B2|2014-12-24|

CA2774226C|2017-02-21|

MX2012003648A|2012-06-28|

AU2010303038B2|2015-03-26|

KR20120085793A|2012-08-01|

US9174493B2|2015-11-03|

CN102548777A|2012-07-04|

IN2012DN02540A|2015-08-28|

EP2483087A1|2012-08-08|

FR2950565A1|2011-04-01|

BR112012006870A8|2017-10-31|

KR101774207B1|2017-09-04|

EA201270485A1|2012-12-28|

US20120227883A1|2012-09-13|

WO2011039194A1|2011-04-07|

CN102548777B|2014-10-29|

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法律状态:
2017-11-14| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: MICHELIN RECHERCHE ET TECHNIQUE S.A. (FR) , COMPAG |

2018-01-02| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN (FR |

2019-01-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|

2019-07-16| B06T| Formal requirements before examination|

2020-05-12| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|

2020-07-14| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|

2020-11-24| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 24/11/2020, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

FR0956752|2009-09-29|

FR0956752A|FR2950565B1|2009-09-29|2009-09-29|ROLLER BELT FOR IMPROVED RIGIDITY TIRES|

PCT/EP2010/064375|WO2011039194A1|2009-09-29|2010-09-28|Tire tread having improved rigidity|

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