• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    A centering device having first and second opposing end collars retaining collar or similar device is formed in one piece to have a part for a tool to be fixed. movement of the tool allows the collar to be tightly contracted into the tube or other tubular member. An arc centralizer has longitudinally offset alternating arcs to reduce the initial insertion force. The centralizer may be formed to have end bands of the type used in the retaining collar.
    公开号:BR112012002778B1
    申请号:R112012002778-6
    申请日:2010-08-10
    公开日:2019-05-28
    发明作者:Andrew Jenner
    申请人:Centek Limited；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CENTRALIZER THAT HAS FIRST AND SECOND OPPOSITE END COLLARS
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION [001] The present invention relates to the field of downhole devices, and more especially, but not exclusively, to the field of such devices usable in oil and / or gas extraction. Some achievements concern retaining collars or similar devices. Some others refer to centralizers.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [002] Retaining collars are used in downhole environments, for example, in the oil and gas industry, for assembly around a tubular member such as a pipe length, drill string or pipe string to fit and secure the outside of the tubular member. The retaining collars provide a retaining shoulder on the tubular member to restrict axial displacement along the tubular member of any additional associated product - for example, a centralizer - that is mounted on the outside of the tubular member.
    [003] As is known to those skilled in the art, a retaining collar, sometimes referred to as a retaining ring, or similar terminology, is commonly used to restrict the axial movement of products such as, but not limited to, centralizers that are mounted on the tubular members (sometimes referred to as pipes) of a well casing.
    [004] Centralizers are devices that fit into a tubular member, as above, and that have an external wrap intended to contact the
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 7/34
    2/23 drilling to keep this tubular member generally out of contact within - and ideally central within - the hole.
    [005] The design of the retaining collar must provide free adjustment in pipes that do not tolerate outside diameters. The reader is directed to the American Petroleum Institute API 5CT which states that the tolerance of the outer tubular diameter is nominal diameter + 1%. It can be seen that a most common pipe size of nine and five octaves (9 5/8 inches, 24.47 cm) could be 9.625 inches to 9.721 inches (24.47 cm to 26.92 cm) in outer diameter . Any applied design must assume this tolerance as a prerequisite to apply sufficient load to provide the desired axial load retention.
    [006] The many current retaining collars or similar devices used to resist axial load are based on various methods of partially penetrating the surface of the pipes under the action of locally applied axial loads. Two of the most common methods employed are hardened steel screws dispersed radially around the circumference of the retaining collar, and hardened steel inserts wedged between the retaining collar and the tubular surface.
    [007] The penetration of the surface of the pipes creates significant marks that can lead to the concentration of stress and cause rupture by corrosion under stress when the pipe is placed in its operating environment. Where the pipes consist of an alloy containing, for example, chromium, commonly 13% or more, galvanic corrosion between the hardened steel screws and the chromium alloy surface exacerbates the rate of decline in the life of the pipe.
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 8/34
    3/23 [008] Current provisions are unable to withstand axial loads of a magnitude similar to the load bearing capacities of the associated components they are supposed to hold in position, that is, centralizers in any tension or compression. Increasing the number of screws or wedges disposed radially dramatically increases the potential for stress corrosion. Users seek to balance between the desired axial clamping capacity and the said increase in stress corrosion.
    [009] An additional problem is the fact that the assembly of the retaining collar in the pipeline in the field is often delegated to unskilled labor. It is common practice to mount, for example, screws, with little regard to the correction of applied torques or if the wires are properly lubricated. This last point has an inherent risk that screws are often broken, due to incorrect torque applied, which will not be evident to the personnel who carry out the assembly. The result possibly leads to even less axial clamping capacity, since the pipeline is traversed in its operating position. By default, the screws used should be small enough to fit with sufficient clearance within the annulus formed between the tubing in which they are attached and the hole of the well or internal diameter of larger pipe previously installed, said bolts being commonly 1, 27cm x 1.27 cm (1/2 x 1/2) long socket series screws that have only a 0.635 cm (1/4) hexagonal path shape through which they cross. The hex keys are small, have a very short life and the tendency is not to change to new ones
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 9/34
    4/23 hexagonal paths before the failure of rotation of the corners of the hexagonal path, with insufficient torque input to obtain the desired axial clamping forces.
    [010] The protrusion of screw or wedge devices beyond the outside diameter of the main body of the retaining collar considerably restricts the use of traditional retaining collars in a narrow annular crown configuration that exists between the tubing to which the retaining collars are attached. attached and to the borehole or internal diameter of a larger pipe previously installed.
    [011] The above mentioned design practices for multi-part retaining collar constructions may result in missing parts of the retaining collar, or associated components, falling into the well bore. This is considered to be catastrophic in the industry.
    [012] Problems also occur with centralizers where the hole has an upper part of a cross section generally smaller than a lower part where the centralizer needs to act. Clearly, the centralizer must pass through the upper part without breaking, and without requiring a very large insertion force. The two restrictions can certainly be interrelated.
    [013] Such a scenario is the so-called under-scarred holes. This occurs, for example, where well holes are drilled in a region lower than a previously installed pipe.
    [014] In one example, a drill bit is passed through the 21.68 cm (8.535) inside diameter of a 24.45 cm (9-5 / 8) pipe installed previously and
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 10/34
    5/23 then the drill is rotated non-concentric to create a 24.13 cm (9.5) hole. Thus, a centralizer is required to adjust the nominal diameter size of 24.13 cm (9.5) in order to center a pipe in that hole, but it is also necessary to pass through the 21.58 cm (8.535) diameter of an upper pipe.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [015] In a first aspect, a device is provided for fitting over and for a downhole pipe that comprises a generally cylindrical band that has at least one arcuate part with opposite end regions, in which the regions of ends are coupled together by a connecting part having a pair of arm parts that extend on the respective sides of a body part, and the distal ends of the arm parts extend within the end regions, where the part body has a formation to fit in that place of a tool whereby the rotation of the body part by a tool varies the size of the device, wherein the device additionally comprises a locking means for securing the arm parts in relation to a adjacent end region so that the device can be locked.
    [016] The device may have a plurality of arcuate parts, each of which has respective end regions, and a corresponding plurality of parts of connections.
    [017] The connecting parts can generally be S-shaped.
    [018] Arched parts may have
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 11/34
    6/23 extensions to form guides to restrict lateral movements of the arm parts.
    [019] The guides can have teeth to interact with the teeth of the counterpart in the arm parts to form the fitting means.
    [020] The device can be substantially circular with an axis, and the or each arcuate part can have a first width parallel to the axis and the arm parts can have a second width parallel to the axis which is less than the first width.
    [021] The device may be made of a steel microalloy. An example that can be used is boron steel.
    [022] In a second aspect, a retaining collar or similar device is provided that is adapted to mount around a tubular member such as a length of tube, drill column or pipe column to secure the outside of the tubular member and restrict the axial displacement of any additional associated product that is mounted outside the tubular member along the member, where the device is characterized in that the construction of the retaining collar and a means of activating the radial grip of a tubular member is the from a single layer of material.
    [023] In a third aspect, a method of fixing a one-piece retaining collar to a pipe is provided, which comprises sliding the retaining collar over the pipe to a desired location, and rotating a part of the collar retainer to contract the collar tighter in the tubing.
    [024] Examples of the prior art, in which
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 12/34
    7/23 sufficient annular width allows, tried to contract the open ends of a retaining band or collar ring together, for example, with pin and nut designs. The desire to change the circumferential length developed requires that the slip occurs both on the inside diameter of the retaining collar and on the surface of the pipe to which it is being attached and still reaches high radial loads. It turns out that the two desires are contradictory.
    [025] In a fourth aspect, a centralizer has first and second opposite end collars that are axially separated by multiple spring arcs, where the spring arches form a generally convex curve, and the first arcs extend from the first end substantially parallel to the axis by a first distance before extending through a curve into a second end collar, and the second arches extend in a curve from the first end collar and within a portion substantially parallel to the axis in the second end collar, with which the centralizer is formed of a single piece of material.
    [026] The material can be a steel microalloy. The steel microalloy can be boron steel.
    [027] One or both collars of the centralizer can be according to the first aspect.
    [028] In an additional aspect, a device is provided for disposition in a tubular member, in which the device has a band or collar, and has multiple resilient axial protuberances to distribute point loads.
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 13/34
    8/23
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [029] Exemplary embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to allow the reader to better understand the invention. In the drawings:
    [030] Figure 1 schematically shows a typical arrangement of piping centered inside a drilling hole.
    [031] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a retaining collar for a first embodiment.
    [032] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment retaining collar.
    [033] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a first realization of a centralizer;
    [034] Figure 5 shows an example template that can be used in the formation of the centralizer in Figure 4.
    [035] Figure 6 shows a graph of the insertion force for a centralizer that incorporates the invention by comparison with a prior art centralizer.
    [036] Figure 7 shows a second realization of a centralizer.
    [037] Figure 8 shows a sectional view of part of the centralizer in Figure 7.
    [038] Figures 9 to 20 show additional realizations of centralizers.
    [039] Figure 21 shows how an implementation of a displaced arc centralizer has a less coarse insertion force requirement than a conventional arc centralizer.
    [040] In the figures, such reference signs
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    9/23 show such parts.
    [041] With reference to Figure 1, a pipe is formed from a plurality of extensions 110 connected together by couplings 111. As is well known, a centralizer 113 is supported on each extension
    110 by means of a respective retaining collar 112. Each centralizer 113 is arranged to support the tubing, formed by the extensions 10, inside the drilling hole 114 in such a way that the tubing is substantially centrally arranged.
    [042] With reference to Figure 2, an embodiment of a retaining collar 1 is a broadly cylindrical band formed from a single piece of material. Collar 1 has three arched parts 10,
    20, 30 having respective opposite end regions 10a,
    10b; 20a, 20b; 30a, 30b.
    The end regions 10a,
    10b; 20a, 20b; 30a, 30b are coupled together by respective connection parts 40,
    60. Each connection part 40, 50, 60 has a respective pair of narrow arm parts 41,42; 51.52; 61,62 extending on the respective sides of a generally circular body part 45; 55; 65. The connecting parts 40, 50, 60 with their arm parts 41,42; 51.52; 61,62 describe a general S shape in the configuration shown, and the end regions 10a, 10b; 20a, 20b; 30a, 30b in general in accordance with the external shape of the connecting parts 40, 50, 60.
    [043] Other shapes are certainly possible, for example, Z shapes.
    [044] The arm part 42 extends from a downward insertion location (as shown) 43 of the
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 15/34
    10/23 end region 20a of the second arcuate part 20, and extends - in this configuration - parallel to the upper circumference 2 of collar 1. The end region 10b of the first arcuate part 10 extends within an extension 11 that forms a circumferential finger 11. The finger 11 serves at least partially to restrict the adjacent arm part 42 to prevent lateral movement and the consequent distortion of the collar 1.
    [045] Fitting means are provided to allow collar 1 to be locked. In that embodiment the finger 11 has a lower surface (as shown) 11a in contact with an upper surface (as shown) 42a of the arm part 42. The finger 11 has toothed projections 12 on the lower surface 11a and the arm part 42 has toothed projections 44 on the upper surface 42a to form the engaging means when attaching the finger 11 to the arm part 42. Such an arrangement is provided in each arm part 41, 42; 51.52; 61.62.
    [046] The circular body parts 45, 55, 65 have a tool formation. In this embodiment, the formation is a hexagonal hole 70 dimensioned to be fitted by a hex key.
    [047] In use, the retaining collar 1 is adjusted and attached to a pipe by sliding the retaining collar 1 over the pipe to a desired location, and the rotation of the body parts 45,55,65 one by one to contract the collar in a tight fit on the tubing. The fit state is maintained by interlocking the teeth of the toothed projections in a type of ratchet mode.
    [048] In summary, a circular band is provided
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    11/23 with radially arranged cut shapes in which each can be distorted or moved to contract the nearest adjacent areas together to change the total circumferential length developed of the retaining collar in smaller sequential increments to accommodate the tolerance consideration tubular diametral. After this additional distortion or intentional movement, a radially inward charge originates, the sum of which provides sufficient contact force between the internal diameter of the retaining collar and the tubing to which it is attached, to maintain the same setting. The number of cutting shapes is not fundamental to the invention. In different embodiments, different numbers of three can be provided proportional to the base diameter of the pipe, the degree of tolerance of tubular fabrication to be considered and the level of axial clamping capacity required for the final assembly.
    [049] In addition to addressing the design issues of the prior retention collar technique as discussed above, the achievements provide an ability to accommodate variations in diameter that exist in the tubular member due to pipe manufacturing tolerances. The cut-out design in segments of the present invention can distort locally in each segment to proportionally reduce or eliminate contradictory radial and circumferential loads.
    [050] Distortion or movement together of segmental shapes can be activated, for example, but not limited to substantially enlarged hex keys, for example, 12 mm across flat surfaces when opposed to the prior art forms of ordinary series screws
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 17/34
    12/23 with 6 mm through openings of hexagonal flat surfaces. Key failures other than reasonable wear are unlikely.
    [051] In the realization, the material chosen for the retaining collar is heat-treatable to increase, for example, the strength properties of the tensile and shear section. Such heat-treated resistance can be of the order of 90 tons per square inch.
    [052] Segmental cutting shapes can be varied at will to meet design, fabrication, field assembly or performance requirements.
    [053] The product can be manufactured with an internal diameter undersized for the tubular diameter to which it is intended to fit. Then the radially arranged cutting shapes can be opened in a segmented way in reverse to expand the retaining collar for easy assembly in the piping.
    [054] The internal diameter of the retaining collar can be coated, deformed or executed to provide, for example, low-tension bearing point (s) to create a desirable increase in friction between the internal diameter of the modified retaining collar and the surface of the tubular member to which it is attached.
    [055] Where galvanic or stress corrosion conditions are to be avoided, the internal diameter of, say, a steel collar or retaining ring main body can be coated with a suitable interface material to overcome these problems. Examples of coatings can be, but are not limited to, zinc or aluminum.
    [056] Distinctly from drawings of technique
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 18/34
    Previous 13/23, this one of the realization allows the retaining collar to strictly embrace the outside diameter of the pipe to which it is attached and:
    [057] has a flush outer diameter, thereby removing external protuberances that can interfere with free passage through the borehole, [058] facilitate use in narrow annular crown configuration between the tubular member and the larger borehole or tubular member previously installed, [059] and even more, minimize the invasion of the fluid flow cross section of the annular crown formed in this way.
    [060] Figure 3 shows a second embodiment in which the hexagonal hole is supplanted by a different formation - here three smaller holes 80, aligned in a row. Other training will be readily conceived by the technician in the subject.
    [061] Although the technique of the invention is shown in use as a retaining collar, it is also applicable to other components used in a similar context.
    [062] Referring to Figure 4, the one-piece centralizer 200 has first and second opposite end collars 210, 220 that are axially separated by 240-245 multi-spring arcs. Each spring arc forms a generally convex curve. The first arcs 241,243,254 extend from the first end collar 210 with a respective part 241a, 243a, 245a substantially parallel to the axis by a first distance before extending into a continuously curved part 241b, 243b, 245b to the second end collar 220. The second arcs
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 19/34
    14/23
    240,242,244 extend through the respective curved parts 240b, 242b, 244b of the first end collar 210 and in a part substantially parallel to the axis 240a, 242a, 244a in the second end collar 220. In this embodiment, the end collars are flat, and the centralizer is formed by cooperation with a retaining collar.
    [063] However, in other embodiments - see, for example, Figures 7 and 8 - each end collar is formed similarly to the collar in Figure 2.
    [064] In the illustrated embodiment, there are six arcs separated into two series of three, with - in a circumferential direction - a first type of arc followed by a second type of arc followed by a first type of arc. The effect is to reduce the initial insertion force very substantially (approximately 45%) to a diameter that is less than the free outer diameter along the arches.
    [065] The centralizer of the described realization has arcs of the same length, and that means that it can be made of a single mold, and an example of it is shown in Figure 5.
    [066] With reference to Figure 5, a mold 300 is formed from a single sheet of boron steel. The mold has two transverse interlacing parts 302, 303 spaced by six spaced longitudinal interlacing parts 304 that extend substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the interlaces 302, 303. The first and second transverse interleaving parts 302, 303 are generally rectangular in shape, and mutually parallel. The six longitudinal interlacing parts 304 extend between
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 20/34
    15/23 the transverse interlacing parts 302, 303 to define between the same five openings 309 of the same size. The outer longitudinal interlacing parts 304 are inserted from the ends of the transverse interlacing parts through about half the width of the openings 309 to leave the free end parts 310, 311 of the transverse interleaving parts. The free end parts are, in a first embodiment of a centralizer, superimposed on each other so that each first end part 310 overlaps with its second corresponding end part 311, with which the centralizer forms a device generally cylindrical. In other embodiments, the length of the free end parts is longer, and in these embodiments the free end parts are subsequently formed as connecting devices.
    [067] The interlacing parts 302, 303 form collars 210, 220 of Figure 4. The longitudinal interlacing parts 304 form arcs 240-245 in Figure 4. Bending operations are performed on the arcs to obtain the configuration in Figure 4 .
    [068] Certainly, it will be understood that this is a purely exemplary mold and is used here in an illustrative way. Boron steel is just one example of the materials that can be used, which include mild steel and many other different materials. A class of steel - which includes boron steel - is the micro alloy class of steel. This class has been shown to be generally useful.
    [069] The mold is formed by cutting or perforating the sheet. A preferred technique is a cutting method
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    16/23 high precision computer controllable, such as laser cutting or water jet cutting. Such a technique can allow great flexibility, for example, by allowing 'specific parts' to be produced without the need for expensive tools.
    [070] The mold is then finished cold in an form usually cylindrical. This can be accomplished per lamination or by other known techniques for you SOS at the state gives technical.
    [071] A relatively ductile nature of the boron steel material that forms the mold allows the mold to remain in its cylindrical state after formation has occurred.
    [072] With a known one-piece centralizer, a great benefit is that, due to the efficiency of leaf spring arcs that mix homogeneously in the end bands at either end, the centralizer can be slid in order to adjust in the diameter of the nominal size well as if they were on the load / deflection performance curve immediately at the start of the load. On the other hand, traditional spring arch products needed to be greatly oversized to achieve performance and thus provided with a great initial insertion force.
    [073] With reference to Figure 6, the solid line (not dashed) shows a centralizer with exactly the same arc chord width and arc height and without longitudinal displacement of the arcs alternately with each other.
    [074] In this type, the initial insertion force is quite coarse since all six arcs are
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    17/23 being pushed together into the constraint, and the centralizer is trying to alter the developed length to conform to the constraint. Typically, there is an arc height loss of up to 1.5 cm (0.6 inches) in relation to the diameter when permanent definition or production occurs where the arc meets the end band. This loss means that the external diameter of the centralizer can be reduced to 23.5 cm (9.25) to be located in a 25.1 cm (9.875) well hole. This alone is an improvement over previous types of centralizers.
    [075] The dashed curve shows the performance of a six-arc centralizer that incorporates the invention where there is still the contradiction of pushing against the resistance that occurs against the arcs that try to change its developed length. With only three arcs that initially enter, the initial insertion force is only 60%, (there is still some new formation of the arc profile until it is adapted to the restriction diameter). However, it remains within the specified production and under test it lost only about 0.4 mm (0.017) in arc height - as well as considerably less insertion force and approximately 25% reduction in the restart of axial displacement within the constraint if it has now close to 25.1 cm (9.875) central diameter for the 25.1 cm (9-7 / 8) well bore.
    [076] This is described more clearly here below in relation to Figure 21.
    [077] It should also be noted in the dashed curve that the first series of three arcs that enter takes
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    18/23 approximately 5956 N (1339 lbf) while the second series of 3 takes only approximately 3816 N (858 lbf) to enter. This is because when the first series is being compressed down in diameter they are being hindered by the second series that must still enter which, in reality, is required to initiate the length change before entering the constraint.
    [078] In Figure 7, a second centralizer 700 has a pair of end collars 701, 702, each with 705 formations similar to those described with reference to Figure 2. The arcs 710 of the centralizer 700 are similar to those described with reference to Figure 4. Each of the end collars 701, 702 has flexible protrusions 720 at its outer ends. The shape of these protuberances can be selected as desired.
    [079] In this example - shown more clearly in Figure 8 - the protrusions are flexible 720 axially from each end collar and have a 'Z' section. Each of them is capable of flexing to distribute the point load forces as the adjacent 'Z' springs come into contact when the centralizer comes into contact with a holding device placed outside the centralizer 700 in a pipeline.
    [080] In Figure 9 retaining collars 901, 902 are fitted on both sides of the arc centralizer 903. Each of the retaining collars has a plurality distributed in circumference of T-shaped projections 904, 905 extending within corresponding female T-shaped openings 906, 907 of the centralizer 903. The female openings 906, 907 have sufficient clearance to allow for a
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    19/23 increase in the developed length of the centralizer when the arcs are reduced in the outside diameter.
    [081] The fixing devices for the retaining collars 901, 902 can be conventional - for example, a series of screws as is commonly provided in existing products - or they can alternatively use the ratchet device described above in relation to Figure 2.
    [082] Returning now to Figure 10, in this figure two retaining collars 1001, 1002 and a centralizer 1003 will be seen. Each of the retaining collars has bayonet-type closures of half thickness 1004 that project parallel to the centralizer axis and the retaining collars. Bayonet fasteners have outer faces machined to half thickness and the end bands of centralizer 1003 are machined to half thickness on their inner face to allow for bayonet fitting.
    [083] With reference to Figure 11, in this embodiment there are two retaining collars 1101, 1102 with bayonet type closures in general similar to those of Figure 10, but in this case the centralizer 1103 is pre-assembled with the retaining collars 1101, 1102 in order to be slid into a pipe in a single set.
    [084] Returning to Figure 12, two retaining collars, 1201, 1202 fit with an arc centralizer 1203. The retaining collars have bayonet type closures that extend 1204, but the closures are fitted with heads 1205 in openings 1206. The openings 1206 are windows that are sufficiently oversized in relation to the head 1205 of the bayonet type closure 1204 to allow the necessary extension of the arches when compressed laterally.
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    20/23 [085] Returning to Figure 13, an arrangement with two retaining collars 1301, 1302 and an arc centralizer 1303 in a pipe 1300 is shown. The centralizer 1303 has T-shaped parts that project externally and axially 1304 which extend and fit into properly formed cutting windows 1305 on retaining rings 1301, 1302.
    [086] Returning to Figure 14, in this embodiment there are two retaining rings 1401, 1402 and a centralizer 1403 that has bayonet-type axial projections 1404, 1405 that fit with the outer peripheral circumference 1401a, 1402a of the retaining collars 1401, 1402.
    [087] Returning to Figure 15, this is generally similar to Figure 11, but in this case the pre-assembled configuration is maintained by projections 1505, 1506 extending from a centralizer 1503 to the outer periphery of the retaining collars 1501, 1502.
    [088] In Figure 16, projections 1605, 1606 extend from centralizer 1604 to windows 1607, 1608 on retaining collars 1601, 1602.
    [089] Figure 17 shows an alternative embodiment in which a centralizer 1701 is positioned freely in a tube 1702, in other words, it is not restricted by retaining collars. The cushions 1703, 1704 are attached to the tube 1700 both above and below the centralizer and these allow sufficient clearance to allow changes in the developed length of the centralizer when the arcs 1710 are flexed. The cushions are of existing technology and are commonly cast in composite materials applied after the centralizer
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    21/23
    1701 was positioned in the 1700 tube / pipe position. In this situation, the desired axial in the tube can rotate freely in relation to the centralizer, which would be prevented by the movement itself through the drilling hole contact.
    In Figure 18 it is shown a little similar to the one with an [090] layout wall one in Figure 17. However, in this case the cushions 1806, 1807 are fixed to the tube 1800 and the cushions extend into clearance windows 1804, 1805 in the 1802 end bands,
    1803 of the centralizer 1801. In this arrangement, the tube is not intended to be rotated, as it would eject the cushions out if this were done or, alternatively, it could be tightened to the centralizer if the centralizer has passed through the cushions. In this arrangement it would be useful if the thickness of the cushion was similar or slightly greater than that of the centralizer to facilitate the passage into the drilling hole where the annular clearance between the pipe and the drilling hole is only light with the centralizer arches fully tablets on the outside diameter.
    [091] In Figure 19 an arrangement similar to that of Figure 18 is shown. The cushions 1909, 1910 are commonly made of composite material fused to the 1900 tube. Positioning is normally a manual operation and misalignment may be present. The material that makes up the cushions is filled with particulate matter to improve wear. However, this increases the brittleness with a resulting weakness for the load point on the relatively thin cushion thickness. To overcome this, the 1901 spring-treated centralizer is formed to have
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    22/23 small leaf springs with free end 1911, 1912 when clearance window openings 1906, 1907 are formed. This allows the spreading and leveling of the contact points.
    [092] Figure 20 has cushions 2010-2011 enclosed in a metal box that is filled with composite material as it is melted into the tube 2000. The box fits the windows 2002, 2003 of the centralizer 2004. The contact edges under the axial loads are then metal to metal. This avoids the current fragility of the load point of simple composite cushions. In such a design it is possible to lighten the bottom of the metal box and create several openings through the top surface to maximize the thickness of the composite body.
    [093] Figure 21 gives a schematic indication of how the arcs of a 2101 centralizer design facilitate the transition from the centralizer to the drilling restriction 2102. From the centralizer 2101, shown in partial section, two displaced arches 2105, 2107 can be seen. Other arcs are not shown for easy description.
    [094] It can be clearly seen that as the 2010 centralizer moves downward in the direction shown by the arrow, the first arc 2105 is compressed into constraint 2102 before the second arc 2107 begins to be compressed by interaction with restriction 2102.
    [095] This specific realization is designed so that one arc is completely compressed before the other begins to be compressed. How this is achieved will be clear to the technician on the subject, keeping in mind the diameters and
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    23/23 relevant lengths. However, the invention is not restricted to this arrangement and a larger displacement can be provided or a smaller displacement can be provided in different embodiments according to the needs of the application for which the centralizer is placed.
    [096] On the other hand, without displacement, all the arches will fit together, and all will have to be compressed over a relatively short insertion distance, which creates a coarser insertion force.
    [097] Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described using specific terms, such description is only intended to illustrate the principle and applications of the present invention, and it should be understood that these modifications or alterations and variations in the arrangement they can be made in addition without departing from the character or scope of the attached claims underlying the technical ideas of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. CENTRALIZER THAT HAS FIRST AND SECOND OPPOSITE END COLLARS, characterized by the end collars being axially separated by multiple spring arcs, in which a first arc extending from the first shaft end collar substantially parallel by a first distance before extend through a generally convex curved part into a second end collar, and a second arc extending through a generally convex curved part of the first end collar and into a substantially parallel shaft part in the second collar end, so that the curved parts of the first and second arc are longitudinally displaced from each other, in which the centralizer is formed of a single piece.
    [2]
    2. CENTRALIZER, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a generally cylindrical band that has at least one arcuate part with opposite end regions, in which the end regions are coupled together by a connection part that has a pair of arm parts that extend on respective sides of a body part, distal ends of the arm parts that extend into the end regions, where the body part is formed to fit in that place of a tool, with whereas the rotation of the body part by a tool varies the size of the centralizer, the centralizer additionally comprises locking means for securing the arm parts with respect to an adjacent end region so that the device can be locked.
    Petition 870190004568, of 01/15/2019, p. 30/34
    2/2
    [3]
    3. CENTRALIZER, according to claim 2, characterized by having a plurality of arcuate parts, each of them with respective end regions, and a corresponding plurality of connecting parts.
    [4]
    4. CENTRALIZER, according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting parts are generally S-shaped.
    [5]
    5. CENTRALIZER, according to claim 2, characterized in that the or each arcuate part has extensions to form guides to restrict the lateral movements of the arm parts.
    [6]
    6. CENTRALIZER, according to claim 5, characterized in that the guides have teeth to interact with the teeth of the counterpart in the arm parts to form the engaging means.
    [7]
    7. CENTRALIZER according to claim 2, characterized in that it is substantially circular with one axis, in which the or each arcuate part has a first parallel axis width and the arm parts have a second parallel axis width that is less than the first width.
    [8]
    8. CENTRALIZER, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by being formed of steel microalloy.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    UA107931C2|2015-03-10|
    ES2460644T3|2014-05-14|
    CA2769686C|2017-11-28|
    WO2011018617A1|2011-02-17|
    GB0913979D0|2009-09-16|
    CA2769686A1|2011-02-17|
    DK2464811T3|2014-05-12|
    US8196670B2|2012-06-12|
    CN102713129A|2012-10-03|
    SG177718A1|2012-02-28|
    EA201290083A1|2012-08-30|
    KR20120055659A|2012-05-31|
    EP2464811B1|2014-02-26|
    ECSP12011712A|2012-10-30|
    NZ597690A|2014-02-28|
    EA021982B1|2015-10-30|
    EP2464811A1|2012-06-20|
    PL2464811T3|2014-07-31|
    AU2010283638A1|2012-02-23|
    CN102713129B|2014-10-29|
    BR112012002778A2|2018-03-13|
    KR101432166B1|2014-08-21|
    IL217989D0|2012-03-29|
    US20110030973A1|2011-02-10|
    ZA201201746B|2012-11-28|
    AU2010283638B2|2014-07-24|
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    法律状态:
    2018-05-15| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: CENTEK LIMITED (GB) |
    2018-11-21| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]|
    2019-01-15| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-04-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2019-05-28| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 10/08/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. (CO) 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 10/08/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB0913979.1|2009-08-10|
    GBGB0913979.1A|GB0913979D0|2009-08-10|2009-08-10|Downhole device|
    US12/709,948|US8196670B2|2009-08-10|2010-02-22|Downhole device|
    US12/709,948|2010-02-22|
    PCT/GB2010/001512|WO2011018617A1|2009-08-10|2010-08-10|Downhole device|
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