• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    "method for producing chamfered cage rotor and chamfered cage rotor r". The present invention relates to a method for producing a beveled cage rotor (1) for an asynchronous machine (2) and a cage rotor (1) that can be produced by such method. In order to improve the efficiency of the asynchronous machine (2), the caged rotor (1) comprises a laminated rotor core (5) provided with grooves (4), short circuit rings (6) made of a first material and housed on the end face of the rotor rotating core (5), and the shorting bars (3; 11; 12) made of a second material have a higher specific electrical conductivity than the first material and are arranged in the slots (4), wherein the rotor laminate core (5) and shorting bars (3; 11; 12) comprise a bevel and almost completely fill a region of the inner slot (7) as seen in the direction radial rotation of the rotor core (5).
    公开号:BR112012002606B1
    申请号:R112012002606-2
    申请日:2010-07-27
    公开日:2019-10-15
    发明作者:Klaus Büttner；Klaus Kirchner；Michael Müller
    申请人:Siemens Aktiengesellschaft；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Patent Description for METHOD TO PRODUCE A ROTOR IN CAGE FOR AN ASYNCHRONOUS MACHINE, ROTOR IN CAGE FOR AN ASYNCHRONOUS MACHINE AND ASYNCHRONOUS MACHINE.
    [001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a chamfered cage rotor for an asynchronous machine and refers to a cage rotor that can be produced by using such a method.
    [002] The new efficiency standards for standard asynchronous standard machines, such as IE1, IE2 or IE3 require a high level of material consumption as the overall length of said machines has to be increasingly long to comply with said standards. In the future, it will be increasingly difficult to comply with the growing demands for machine efficiency when using the conventional aluminum die casting method.
    [003] The required levels of efficiency are, however, capable of being achieved when using a cage rotor made of copper. Due to the higher electrical conductivity of copper with respect to aluminum, higher levels of efficiency can be achieved at present, even with shorter overall lengths.
    [004] The copper mold casting method is known to produce cage rotors made of copper. However, this method is very complex and, in particular, with higher axle heights, it is no longer capable of technology. The requirements for the die casting tool and the process parameters when using molten copper at a temperature above 1,100 ° C are only able to be controlled at very high costs.
    [005] A method for producing a cage rotor is disclosed in DE 43 08 683 A1, in which the short-circuit bars, which initially consist of copper, are inserted into grooves in a
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 4/20
    2/10 laminated rotor core. Said copper bars are connected together on the front face by means of short-circuit rings. An aluminum mold casting process is used to produce these short circuit rings. When the short circuit rings are fused, the residual cross section that remains in the grooves with respect to the inserted copper bars is, at the same time, cast using aluminum so that the short circuit rings are also connected to the parts of the die cast bar formed in the residual cross section. Furthermore, it is known from this publication to chamfer such a laminated core of the rotor after inserting the short-circuit bars by means of a desired angle of inclination, through which the machine's operating properties are improved.
    [006] An asynchronous machine produced in this way has the advantage that, due to the copper bars inserted in the grooves, the level of efficiency is similar to an asynchronous machine with a rotor cast in copper mold, but the costs of producing it are notoriously inferior. This is based on the fact that the die casting process is carried out using aluminum which has a melting temperature considerably lower than copper.
    [007] The object of the invention is to improve the efficiency level of such an asynchronous machine.
    [008] This object is achieved by means of a method to produce a cage rotor for an asynchronous machine with the characteristics according to the invention. Such a method comprises the steps of the method:
    - chamfering a laminated rotor core with grooves,
    - insert short-circuit bars of a second material into the grooves of the laminated core of the beveled rotor,
    - melt short-circuit rings made of a first material with a specific electrical conductivity lower than that of the
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 5/20
    3/10 second material on the front face of the laminated core of the rotor, where before insertion in the grooves the short-cut bars have a chamfer such that they can be inserted substantially without distortion in the laminated core of the chamfered rotor before application of the first material molten, such that they almost completely fill a region of the internal groove seen in the radial direction, so that, during the casting process, the first material is not able to penetrate the region of the internal groove.
    [009] Furthermore, the object is reached by a cage rotor for an asynchronous machine that has the characteristics of the invention. Such a cage rotor comprises:
    - a laminated rotor core with grooves,
    - short circuit rings of a first molten material on the front face of the laminated core of the rotor, and
    - short-circuit bars arranged in the grooves and made of a second material with a specific electrical conductivity greater than that of the first material, where
    - the laminated core of the rotor and the short-circuit bars comprise a chamfer and
    - almost completely fill a region of the internal groove seen in the radial direction of the laminated core of the rotor.
    [0010] Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be derived from the embodiments.
    [0011] The invention allows the economical production of an exceptionally efficient short-circuit rotor for an asynchronous machine with excellent operating properties. Due to the hybrid construction, according to the invention of the cage rotor, it is possible to comply with the efficiency standards, such as the IE1, IE2, IE3 mentioned above, with a notoriously more economical construction compared to a cast-molded rotor copper. The bars
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 6/20
    4/10 of the cage rotor short circuit consists of a material with a higher specific conductivity than the material of the short circuit rings.
    [0012] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, for example, aluminum can be used for the first material of the short-circuit rings and copper for the second material of the short-circuit bars. Short-circuit rings made of aluminum can already be melted from molten metal at a temperature of approximately 600 ° C, by which this process can be controlled very efficiently. Due to the very conductive short-circuit bars, the efficiency of the cage rotor is very good. With the advantageous use of aluminum as the first material, in addition, the moment of inertia of the cage rotor, for example, compared to a solid copper rotor, is noticeably reduced, which results in an increase in the dynamics of the machine dynamics and further improvement in efficiency, in particular in highly dynamic applications.
    [0013] The invention is based on the recognition that such a cage rotor of hybrid construction can be further improved with respect to its operating behavior when the laminated core of the rotor has a beveled design. By means of such a chamfer, harmonic waves in the rotating magnetic field are avoided, noise reduced and torque ripples noticeably reduced.
    [0014] A chamfer can be produced by the laminated core of the rotor, which is already supplied with the short-circuit bars, which are chamfered. When using straight bars, however, the groove fill factor is reduced. This is because a chamfer of the laminated core of the rotor provided with the short circuit bar is only possible when a certain space remains in the grooves after inserting the short circuit bars.
    [0015] According to the invention, therefore, the filling of the
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 7/20
    5/10 grooves with the short-circuit bars of the second most conductive material can be increased by the short-circuit bars that already have a chamfer before insertion into the laminated core of the rotor, such that, before an application of the first molten material , they can be inserted substantially without distortion in the laminated core of the chamfered rotor, so that they almost completely fill a region of the internal groove seen in the radial direction, so that, during the casting process, the first material is not able to penetrate the region the internal slot. This has the result that, almost exclusively, the short-circuit bars made of the second relatively conductive material are arranged in the radial inner region of the laminated core of the rotor, while the remaining residual cross section of the grooves is capable of being filled with the first material. As the first material is less conductive than the second material, the starting bars for the asynchronous machine can be formed very easily in this way. It is the purpose of these starting bars to produce a greater electrical resistance when starting the asynchronous machine. As during the start, due to the film effect, the current is displaced in the cage rotor from the inner region to the outer region, at this moment the current flows primarily in the radial outer region of the groove, where the first material is located.
    [0016] However, if the starting bars are not desired, advantageously, the cross section of the short-circuit bars can also be selected so that the chamfered bars completely fill the grooves. In this way, the maximum possible copper filling factor is obtained.
    [0017] In a very advantageous embodiment of the invention, the filling of a residual cross section of the grooves that remains after the insertion of the short-circuit bars is obtained by
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 8/20
    6/10 grooves, which are provided with the short-circuit bars, which are filled with the first material by means of a die-casting method and the short-circuit rings which are produced by means of the die-casting method . In order to produce the aforementioned starting bars, the short-circuit bars are inserted into the grooves such that an outer region of the groove, when viewed in the radial direction of the cage rotor, is filled with the first material through die casting. . In this way, for example, in an additionally advantageous modality, the short-circuit bars produced from copper are located in the region of the internal groove and thus form the operation bars of the asynchronous machine, while the aluminum starting bars die cast are arranged in the outer region of the groove. In this case, short-circuit rings can also be advantageously produced from aluminum, whereby a relatively light weight and therefore less slow short-circuit rotor results in general.
    [0018] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a particularly marked reduction of the harmonic wave content in the rotating field, of the torque ripple and of the machine noise is achieved by the chamfer that corresponds to a groove pitch.
    [0019] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, avoiding eddy current losses and hysteresis losses in the cage rotor is achieved by the method that additionally includes the production of the laminated core of the rotor by stacking electric sheets in the axial direction, in which the sheets electric are twisted with respect to each other, such that the aforementioned chamfer results.
    [0020] An asynchronous machine comprising a stator with a stator winding and a cage rotor, which is configured according to one of the modalities revealed above, is capable of being produced in a considerably better cost-effective manner.
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 9/20
    7/10 than a copper die cast rotor, but meets efficiency standards that can no longer be achieved by an aluminum die cast rotor, which is relatively easy to produce and has excellent operating properties as a result of chamfer according to the invention. The efficiency of the machine is particularly high, as, by pre-twisting the short-circuit bars, the entire region of the internal groove is completely filled with the short-circuit bars.
    [0021] The invention is described and explained in more detail hereinafter with reference to the exemplary modalities shown in the figures, in which:
    [0022] Figure 1 shows a front view of a twisted short-circuit bar for insertion into the grooves of a laminated rotor core according to one embodiment of the invention, [0023] Figure 2 shows a 3D view of the short-circuit bar according to figure 1, [0024] Figure 3 shows a laminated core of the rotor according to an embodiment of the invention in the side view, [0025] Figure 4 shows a front view of the laminated core of the rotor according to figure 3, [0026] Figure 5 shows a sectional view of the laminated core of the rotor according to figure 4 with the straight short-circuit bars, [0027] Figure 6 shows a sectional view of the laminated core of the rotor according to figure 4 with the pre-twisted short-circuit bars, [0028] Figure 7 shows the straight short-circuit bars in a 3D view, [0029] Figure 8 shows the pre-twisted short-circuit bars in a 3D view, [0030] Figure 9 shows a section through a core and lamina
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 10/20
    8/10 of the bevel rotor comprising the axially stacked electric sheets and [0031] Figure 10 shows an asynchronous machine comprising a cage rotor according to an embodiment of the invention. [0032] Figures 1 and 2 show a twisted short-circuit bar 3 for insertion into the grooves of a laminated core of the rotor according to an embodiment of the invention. The twist of the short-circuit bar 3 is represented by a rotation angle 13 that characterizes a displacement caused by the twisting of the two ends of the short-circuit bar in the peripheral direction of the machine. Such a short-circuit bar 3 which is designed, for example, as a copper bar, can be inserted almost without distortion into the grooves of a laminated core of the bevel rotor.
    [0033] Thus, figure 3 shows a laminated core of the rotor 5 of a rotor in a cage 1 according to an embodiment of the invention in side view. The path of the grooves in the laminated core of the rotor 5 produced by the chamfer is shown in dotted lines, and in which the short-circuit bars are inserted. After inserting these short circuit bars, in each case, the short circuit rings 6 are melted on the front face of the laminated core of the rotor 5. During this casting process, the residual cross sections remaining in the grooves, which are not filled with the short-circuit bars, they are also filled with the molten material.
    [0034] Figure 4 shows a front view of the laminated core of the rotor 5 according to figure 3. It is a partial sectional view in which it can be seen that, as a result of the chamfer, a first end of the groove 14 on the front face in the peripheral direction it is arranged offset by exactly a pitch of groove 9 from a second end of groove 15 on the front face of the same groove.
    [0035] Figure 5 shows a sectional view of the laminated core
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 11/20
    9/10 of rotor 5 according to figure 4 with the straight short-circuit bars 11. The outline of the grooves 4 shown is capable of being produced either by the straight short-circuit bars 11 which are inserted in a laminated core of the rotor 5, which is not yet chamfered or subsequently the laminated core of rotor 5 already loaded which is chamfered by twisting. In this case, the short-circuit bars 11 are correspondingly brought to an inclined position. However, a free space 16 is produced in a region of the radial inner groove 7 which results in the groove fill factor being reduced in the region of the inner groove 7. A production method in which the short-circuit bars lines 11 are inserted into a laminated core of the already chamfered rotor 5 produces a similar effect.
    [0036] It can also be seen in figure 5 that an outer radial region of the slot 8 is filled with the first material. As for this material, which is preferably a cast aluminum material, it has a lower electrical conductivity with respect to the short-circuit bars 11, the starting bars are produced in this way for the asynchronous machine.
    [0037] The use of straight bars 11 has the disadvantage that the groove filling region is reduced in the region of the radial internal groove 7.
    [0038] Figure 6 shows a sectional view of the laminated core of the rotor 5 according to figure 4 with the short-circuit bars 12 twisted. It is clearly visible that, in this case, the entire region of the internal groove 7 is filled with the short-circuit bar 12 which is, in particular, a twisted copper bar. This high level of filling of the groove results in the highest possible efficiency. In the radial outer region of the groove 8, a starting bar made of material cast in an aluminum mold is produced successively. Due to the filling of almost one hundred percent of the groove in the region of the radial inner groove 7 with
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 12/20
    10/10 the copper bar, the material cast in an aluminum mold is located almost exclusively in the outer region of the groove 8 and at this point forms the desired high ohmic resistance of the short-circuit cage during the starting torque period.
    [0039] Figure 7 shows the straight short-circuit bar 11 that was inserted in the laminated core of the rotor 5 according to figure 5. In contrast, figure 8 shows the already twisted short-circuit bar 12 with which , according to figure 6, the greatest possible filling of the groove can be achieved.
    [0040] Figure 9 shows a section through a laminated core of the chamfered rotor comprising the axially stacked electric sheets 10. The electric sheets 10 are, in this case, twisted with respect to each other so that the desired slope of the groove is produced , for example, by exactly one pitch of the groove. The laminated core of the rotor can be produced from the electrical sheets 10 shown, by means of punching packaging. Alternatively, the laminated core of the rotor can be produced by stacking the electric sheets 10 on a pull mandrel with an inclined pull slot.
    [0041] Figure 10, finally, shows an asynchronous machine 2 comprising a rotor in a cage according to an embodiment of the invention. Due to the hybrid construction of the said asynchronous machine 2, which has a cage rotor made of copper bars, which are connected together on the front face by means of rings cast in aluminum mold, high levels of efficiency are achieved. As the cage rotor has a chamfered design, the asynchronous machine has an exceptionally low harmonic wave content, has very low noise and is characterized by low torque ripple.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    1. Method for producing a cage rotor (1) for an asynchronous machine (2) that has the following method steps:
    - chamfering a laminated rotor core (5) with grooves (4),
    - insert short-circuit bars (3; 11; 12) of a second material in the grooves (4) of the laminated core of the chamfered rotor (5),
    - melt the short-circuit rings (6) made of a first material with a specific electrical conductivity lower than that of the second material on the front face of the laminated core of the rotor (5), characterized by the fact that before insertion into the grooves (4) the short-circuit bars (3; 11; 12) have a chamfer such that they can be inserted substantially free of distortion in the laminated core of the chamfered rotor (5) before an application of the first molten material, such that they they almost completely fill a region of the internal groove (7) seen in the radial direction, so that, during the casting process, the first material is unable to penetrate the region of the internal groove (7).
    [2]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the grooves (4) provided with the short-circuit bars (3; 11; 12) are filled with the first material by a method of mold casting and the rings short-circuit (6) are produced using the die casting method.
    [3]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the short-circuit bars (3; 11; 12) are inserted in the grooves (4) such that an external region of the groove (8) seen in the radial direction of the cage rotor (1) is filled with the first material through the die casting.
    [4]
    4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that aluminum is used as
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 14/20
    2/3 first material and copper is used as the second material.
    [5]
    5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the chamfer corresponds to a pitch of the groove (9).
    [6]
    6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method additionally comprises a production of the laminated core of the rotor (5) by stacking electric sheets (10) in the axial direction, the electric sheets (10 ) are arranged twisted with respect to each other so that the said chamfer results.
    [7]
    7. Cage rotor (1) for an asynchronous machine (2), the cage rotor (1) comprising
    - a laminated rotor core (5) with grooves (4),
    - short-circuit rings (6) of a first molten material on the front face of the laminated core of the rotor (5), and
    - short-circuit bars (3; 11; 12) arranged in the grooves (4) of a second material with a specific electrical conductivity greater than that of the first material, the laminated core of the rotor (5) and the short-circuit (3; 11; 12) have a chamfer, characterized by the fact that the short-circuit bars (3; 11; 12) almost completely fill a region of the internal groove (7) seen in the radial direction of the laminated core of the rotor (5), and when the cage rotor (1) is produced before insertion into the grooves (4), the short-circuit bars (3; 11; 12) have a chamfer such that they can be inserted substantially free of distortion in the laminated core of the chamfered rotor (5) before an application of the first molten material, such that they almost completely fill a region of the internal groove (7) seen in the radial direction, so that, during the process of casting
    Petition 870190038653, of 04/24/2019, p. 15/20
    3/3, the first material is unable to penetrate the region of the internal groove (7).
    [8]
    8. Cage rotor (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the grooves (4) provided with the short-circuit bars (3; 11; 12) are filled with the first material by a method mold casting, and the short circuit rings (6) are produced using the mold casting method.
    [9]
    9. Cage rotor (1), according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by the fact that the groove region (4) filled with the first material is arranged externally, seen in the radial direction of the cage rotor (1) .
    [10]
    10. Cage rotor (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the first material is aluminum and the second material is copper.
    [11]
    11. Cage rotor (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the chamfer corresponds to a groove pitch (9).
    [12]
    12. Cage rotor (1) according to any of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the laminated core of the rotor (5) comprises electric sheets (10) stacked in the axial direction, with the electric sheets ( 10) are twisted with respect to each other such that said chamfer results.
    [13]
    13. Asynchronous machine (2), characterized by the fact that it comprises a stator with a stator winding and a cage rotor (1), as defined in any of claims 7 to 12.
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    EP3627661B1|2018-09-21|2021-06-02|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Cage rotor and manufacture of a cage rotor|
    CN111082608B|2019-11-26|2020-11-24|华北电力大学|Machining method for high-voltage high-power cage type motor rotor copper bar harmonic elimination groove|
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    DE102020116383A1|2020-06-22|2021-12-23|Valeo Siemens Eautomotive Germany Gmbh|Method of manufacturing a skewed stator|
    DE102020121380A1|2020-08-14|2022-02-17|Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft|Stator for an electrical machine, method for its manufacture, electrical machine and motor vehicle|
    法律状态:
    2019-01-15| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-03-06| B06T| Formal requirements before examination|
    2019-08-20| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2019-10-15| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 27/07/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. (CO) 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 27/07/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP09167044A|EP2282396B1|2009-08-03|2009-08-03|Production method for a rotor with skewed squirrel-cage and rotor with skewed squirrel-cage|
    EP09167044.8|2009-08-03|
    PCT/EP2010/060906|WO2011015494A1|2009-08-03|2010-07-27|Method for producing beveled cage rotor and beveled cage rotor|
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