• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    IMPROVEMENT IN OR RELATED TO COOLING The present invention relates to improvement in or related to cooling, in particular for chilling beverages in containers, such as cans or bottles. We describe a cooling device with a cavity for receiving a product to be cooled; a means of rotation for rotating a product received in the cavity and a means of supplying the coolant to supply a coolant to the cavity. The rotation means is adapted to rotate the product at a rotation speed equal to or greater than 90 revolutions per minute and is further adapted to provide a pulsed or non-continuous rotation for a predetermined period of time.
    公开号:BR112012002066B1
    申请号:R112012002066-8
    申请日:2010-07-30
    公开日:2021-01-05
    发明作者:Vartan Grigorian
    申请人:Enviro-Cool Uk Limited；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] The present invention relates to improvements in or related to cooling.
    [002] In the catering, retail and entertainment sectors, various forms of sales devices are used to keep products cold. For cold drinks, these devices form two typical groups - commercial drink coolers and cold drink vending machines. The two types of device are essentially large sized refrigerators with a glass front with sliding or hinged doors in the case of the first group (for manual dispensing) or a dispensing mechanism in the case of the second. They pre-cool and store drinks for immediate purchase. In many cases, drinks are kept at low temperatures for long periods, before they are finally purchased. As a result, considerable energy is used, which is potentially unnecessary. To make matters worse, both types of devices operate inefficiently when in use, the first group's beverage coolers suffer substantial loss of cold air each time the wide door is opened. Vending machines need to provide an uncomplicated passage to the sales tray where the item is collected by the user, resulting in a precarious seal. In general, refrigeration systems are generally required to operate through previous operating cycles to maintain efficiency, but this uses additional energy and does not directly contribute to freezing the contents.
    [003] It is also known for many retail beverage vendors that store drinks in refrigerated cabinets with front opening for easy access and product visibility. These cabinets obviously experience even greater energy waste.
    [004] The net result is a high level of waste of electrical energy used to keep drinks in a cold state for a long time in the immediate period of purchase, regardless of the occasion when it may happen.
    [005] Energy waste is not restricted to the websites of large companies that host vending machines. Several corner grocery stores, gas stations and cafes lodge offices that freeze drinks. For these operators, electricity costs will represent a high proportion of their indirect operating costs. Wasting energy is not the only issue. As the cooling systems generate heat, in general a by-product of the thermal energy wasted from the cooling system causes unwanted heating of the area located around the machines. This creates an inconsistency in which users need to consume satisfactorily cold drinks in unsatisfactorily hot areas.
    [006] Cooling speed is also an issue, particularly in establishments with a high turnover of drinks, as in special events - concerts, sporting events and so on. In general, at the beginning of the event, the drinks are cooled properly because they have been refrigerated for several hours. However, once the event is underway, the volume of beverages that are sold exceeds the capacity of these refrigerators to freeze other beverages. Drinks, then, need to be sold only partially chilled or simply not chilled.
    [007] The present invention seeks to address these problems by providing an apparatus that allows the cooling of drinks on demand. The device can be a self-contained device or can be incorporated into a vending machine.
    [008] The present invention provides a cooling device that comprises a cavity for receiving a product to be cooled. The apparatus comprises a means of rotation for rotating a product received in the cavity and a means of supplying the coolant to supply a coolant to the cavity. The rotating medium is adapted to rotate the product at a rotation speed of 90 revolutions per minute or more and is also adapted to provide a pulsed or non-continuous rotation for a predetermined period of time.
    [009] Preferably, the means of rotation is adapted to rotate the product by at least about 180 revolutions per minute, more preferably at least about 360 revolutions per minute.
    [010] Preferably, the coolant supply medium is adapted to provide a flow of coolant to the cavity.
    [011] Preferably, the cooling liquid is supplied to the cavity at a temperature of -10 ° C or less, more preferably of -14 ° C or less, even more preferably of -16 ° C or less .
    [012] A cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the means of rotation is adapted to rotate the product around a geometric axis of the product and further comprises a means to prevent or substantially prevent axial movement of the product during rotation.
    [013] A cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the rotation means is adapted to rotate the product for at least one rotation cycle for a period of predetermined rotation and non-rotation for a predetermined pause period; accompanied by an additional predetermined rotation period.
    [014] A cooling device, according to claim 6, is characterized by the fact that the rotation means performs at least two cycles, preferably three to six cycles, more preferably three or four cycles.
    [015] A cooling device according to claim 6 or 7, is characterized by the fact that the predetermined rotation period is 5 to 60 seconds, preferably 5 to 30 seconds, more preferably 5 to 15 seconds, with a maximum preference of about 10 seconds.
    [016] A cooling device, according to claim 8, is characterized by the fact that the predetermined pause period is 10 to 60 seconds, preferably 10 to 30 seconds.
    [017] In certain embodiments, the device comprises a plurality of cavities as defined above.
    [018] In typical modalities, the device is incorporated into a sales device and the sales device also includes an introduction and removal means to insert the product to be cooled in the cavity and remove the cooled product from it.
    [019] Preferably, the sales apparatus further comprises a storage means for storing a product or range of products and a selection means for selecting a product from the storage medium for introduction into the cavity.
    [020] The above and still other aspects of the present invention will now be described in more detail, by way of example only.
    [021] Figures 1 to 4 show graphically the results of the cooling tests with a first modality of an apparatus according to the present invention.
    [022] In the discussion of the present invention, a brief analysis of current methods of selective cooling of container-by-container drinks will be quite useful. A typical 330 ml aluminum can containing a drink can be cooled in a regulated refrigerator at a typical operating temperature of around 4 to 5 ° C from an ambient temperature of 25 ° C to a comfortable temperature consumption of 6 ° C in approximately four hours or around. In a freezer, the period is reduced to about 50 minutes.
    [023] Peltier coolers are available and are based on the physics of the Peltier effect, which occurs when a current passes through two distinct metals coupled in a face-to-face arrangement. One of the metals will be heated and the other will be cooled. The cold side in contact with the can's cooling chamber reduces the can's temperature. Peltier coolers are already extremely popular in state-of-the-art computer cooling systems and scientific CCD imaging systems. They were applied to portable cooling boxes and refrigerators built into vehicles, where a compressor would be excessively noisy or bulky. A cooling cycle time for a standard can exceeds 30 to 45 minutes. In addition, as the Peltier element is typically located adjacent to the concave base of the can, the can is cooled quite unevenly. As a result, these devices are only really suitable for maintaining the temperature of a pre-iced drink.
    [024] Gel-based cooling shirts, depending on their size, can cool a can or bottle in less than 15 minutes. These shirts work by encapsulating a high concentration of sodium-based phase change material in a glove, designed to fit just around the can. This glove can then be cooled in a freezer and then cooled again after each use.
    [025] The current state of the art methodology for cooling bottles and cans is considered Cooper's cooler. The unit slowly rotates a drink container horizontally, while covering or immersing the container in ice water. From an initial temperature of 25 ° C a bottle can be cooled to 11 ° C in 3.5 minutes and to 6 ° C in 6 minutes. In addition, the unit requires a substantial supply of ice cubes to freeze properly. This technology is not fast enough for commercial applications, it demands a large number of ice cubes and results in damage to the brand labels on the bottle.
    [026] Inside a carbonated drink, carbon dioxide is dissolved in the liquid under pressure (Henry's Law). When the pressure is reduced (by opening), the ability to preserve carbon dioxide (CO2) by the liquid decreases, and therefore CO2 will escape the solution. All carbonated drinks fizz (bubble) through their opening, as the pressure in the container is reduced. Excessive bubbling (the liquid escaping from the container in an explosive manner) depends on how quickly the CO2 escapes from the solution. Effervescence is intensified by the availability of nucleation sites in the container that act as foci for the formation of bubbles.
    [027] We have determined that a carbonated drink will not over-ferment when spun at high speeds due to the fact that nucleation does not occur. In contrast, when a carbonated drink is shaken, the air pocket above the drink is fragmented into a large number of small pockets dispersed throughout the drink which then act as nucleation sites when the can is opened. The CO2 then expands rapidly, transporting the liquid out of the can. However, when a drink is just spun, the air pockets remain substantially intact. There are few, if any, nucleation sites dispersed throughout the liquid, and slow decarbonation occurs.
    [028] We have developed a device that comprises a cavity for receiving a can or other container for a drink to be cooled. The cavity includes a motor-driven turntable to allow the can to be rotated at speed and also includes a clamp to hold the can in position on the turntable, while allowing rotation. The device also includes a means of supplying a coolant.
    [029] In its most basic form, the cooling liquid is simply poured into the cavity and then removed at the end of the cooling process. In preferred modes, a coolant flow is provided through the device.
    [030] In tests, we investigated the effects of spray cooling and liquid flow cooling on the surface of a can. These tests have shown that liquid flow cooling has provided better results. Sprinkler cooling technology has not effectively cooled the center point of the can, providing only an external impression of a cold can, but not a sufficiently cooled drink.
    [031] We then conducted a series of tests investigating the optimal methodology for stirring a can at different speeds, seeking to prevent bubbling. These experiments demonstrated that a can can be rotated at 360 rpm for more than 5 minutes without bubbling. Axial stirring movements resulted in a non-uniform mixing or violent bubbling actions.
    [032] To further develop the concept, a sealed can cooling ring was manufactured to use an aqueous saline solution that is chilled to approximately - 16 ° C, in a cooling tank with a rotary agitator to reduce saline solidification. . A diaphragm pump was used to fill the cooling vessel at a rate of up to 5 liters / min. The cooling vessel is designed to accept a standard can, which can be rotated up to 12Hz / 720rpm. The flow rate of the pump and the can rotation speed are controllable. The real-time cooling rates of the drink were recorded.
    [033] We determined that, during the rotation of a can, a forced vortex is developed, whose depth inside the can depends on the speed of rotation. Forced convection occurs and creates artificially induced convection currents within the can. When the rotation is then stopped, a free or collapsing vortex forms and natural convection occurs, promoting the mixing of the contents of the can, but without the incorporation of air bubbles that can lead to nucleation and excessive effervescence.
    [034] However, in a static can without this collapse vortex, cooler drinks that are more dense, sink to the base of the can. The mixing of the contents of the can is quite precarious, leading to low thermal uniformity, and in many cases also leading to the formation of ice or "melting".
    [035] We conducted a series of trials to assess the success of various rotation speeds in producing a uniformly cooled drink. The experiments below help to illustrate the invention. Comparative Test
    [036] Initially, we conducted a test without any rotating agitation of the can. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1

    [037] As you can see, from an ambient temperature of 20-22 ° C. The contents of the base of the can are cooled satisfactorily to a desirable temperature, but there is minimal cooling of the top of the can, providing a wide temperature range throughout the can and a low average cooling. Experimental Tests
    [038] In the first group of tests, we sought to examine the effect of the speed of rotation on the cooling results. The results are shown in Figure 1 where the temperature scale represents the average temperature of the contents of the can. Improved results are obtained, as observed at higher rotation speeds, obtaining faster cooling at 360 rpm (Test 3) compared to 180 rpm (Test 2) or 90 rpm (Test 1). In these tests, as expected, it was noted that the pre-cooling of the cooler cavity had a substantial effect on the success of cooling the contents of the can. It was also noticed that, at 180 rpm, a difference of 6 ° C remained between the temperatures at the top and at the base of the can.
    [039] Then we started to investigate whether the intermittent rotation had a better effect on cooling than the continuous rotation. It would be interesting if the intermittent rotation allowed the vortex to collapse several times during the cooling process and, therefore, it would be expected to promote a more uniform temperature distribution. The results are shown in Figure 2 and illustrate that the fastest cooling was achieved with intermittent cooling.
    [040] We then conducted other tests, varying the number of turns per cooling cycle. The results are shown in the ninth Figure 3. The rotation at higher speeds and with a higher number of pauses in the rotation, as noted, produces a stepwise cooling gradient.
    [041] Based on the results above, other tests were conducted at 360 rpm with rotation for 10 seconds accompanied by a second break of 20 seconds to show the effect over time on the temperature of the can. The results are shown in Table 2. Table 2

    [042] These results show that the ideal cooling, in terms of obtaining a drink uniformly cooled to the desired temperature in the range of 6 ° C, can be obtained with three cycles, over 90 seconds. It was noted that the temperature of the coolant (4 liters) rose by 1.5 ° C for each test. Figure 4 shows the average results of a large number of tests with cans at initial temperatures of 24 ° C.
    [043] We estimate that the total energy required to cool a can from an ambient temperature of about 24 ° C to about 6 ° C is around 6 joules; according to the calculations below: Mass of the beverage can = 355g water + 39g of sugar (typical) Thermal Energy, Q = Mass x Specific Thermal Capacity X Temperature change Theoretical Calculation of Theoretical Drink Q drink = MXCX ΔT Q drink = 394 x 0.58 x -18 Q drink = 4.11 joules Theoretical Calculation of Can Q can = MXCX ΔT Q can = (surface area x thickness x aluminum mass) x 237 x -18 Q can = (0.032012 x 0.00025 x 56.5) x 237 x -18 Q can = 1.93 joules Total energy required to cool a single can + drink = Q can + Q drink = 6.04joules
    [044] The advantages of the principle of the pair of the present invention in relation to the cooling methodologies of the state of the art are described below: 1. Girara can at an ideal speed to improve the forced convection; 2. Generate a free vortex (disintegrants) inside the can to promote the natural cooling convection; and 3. Combine a series of forced and free (disintegrating) vortexes to cool a drink quickly, with an evenly distributed temperature.
    [045] In the preferred modes, the device also comprises a glove in which the container to be cooled is loaded, like a rubber membrane, preferably a membrane that includes metallic particles to improve the thermal conductivity. The inclusion of a well-fitting membrane to reduce or prevent damage to labels on the container, especially in the case of paper labels.
    [046] Data for the complete results of Tests 1 to 7 are provided in Table 3.
    [047] For commercial uses, it is advantageous that the apparatus includes a plurality of cavities of the type described above to simultaneously freeze several containers.
    [048] In typical modalities, the device is incorporated in a sales device and it also includes a means of introduction and removal to insert the product to be cooled in the cavity and remove the cooled product from it.
    [049] Preferably, the sales apparatus further comprises a storage medium for storing a product or range of products and a selection means for selecting a product from the storage medium for introduction into the cavity.
    [050] The sales device will typically also include a payment collection device, such as a coin operated mechanism or a card reader device to detect a card charge. TABLE 3






    [051] Convective thermal transfer is largely governed by the fluid flow regime within the boundary layer. Increasing the speed gradient within the boundary line will increase the convective thermal transfer. Although the number of Reynolds is an essential parameter that regulates whether the boundary layer is laminar or turbulent, this number can vary due to the texture or roughness of the surface and the local pressure gradient. The more complex movement of the container and the refrigerant provided in this arrangement offers more degrees of freedom to control the thickness and the speed gradient within the boundary layer. This allows the device to maximize convective thermal transfer, while increasing the melting or ice formation that has hindered past attempts to achieve rapid cooling.
    [052] The present invention also aims to provide a vending machine that incorporates the apparatus described above. In a conventional vending machine, the entire storage cavity needs to be insulated, but insulation for a cavity that stores perhaps 400 cans can typically only be achieved using foam insulation or mats or other materials that trap air to prevent heat transmission. These materials are relatively inefficient thermal insulators.
    [053] In addition to providing a vending machine that freezes beverages exclusively on demand, the present invention provides a vending machine in which most cans or other beverage containers can be stored at room temperature and only a small number, perhaps 16 or approximately that number, a reduced temperature or a temperature for consumption can be stored.
    [054] As a result, the cavity in which the low temperature containers are stored can be insulated with more effective means, such as vacuum insulation panels. The cooling device is provided between the ambient storage cavity and the cold storage cavity.
    [055] The use of two storage zones significantly reduces the overall energy consumption and will also reduce the power level required for the quick-cooling device.
    [056] A low level of additional cooling to the frozen storage cavity can be provided to maintain the correct temperature, but the energy consumption to maintain the temperature in a small vacuum insulated capacity cavity is substantially lower than on conventional machines. Table 4 compares the energy consumption of this type of vending machine compared to a conventional machine where all cans are kept in a cold temperature. Table 4

    [057] As can be seen, the machine of the present invention will require 50kJ to cool a can from the environment to a consumption temperature (4-6 ° C). In a typical scenario, approximately 30 cans are sold per day. Assuming that these cans are dispensed at random over 24 hours, additional cooling to compensate for thermal losses in the cold storage cavity is estimated to be a maximum of 0.5 kWh per day. Thus, the total energy consumption (in this scenario) will be 1kWh to cool 30 cans, which results in savings of 80% compared to conventional machines.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    1. Cooling apparatus comprising a cavity for receiving a product to be cooled; a means of rotation for rotating a product received in the cavity and a means of supplying coolant to supply a coolant to the cavity, wherein the means of rotation is adapted to rotate the product at a speed of rotation equal to or greater than 90 revolutions per minute, CHARACTERIZED because it is adapted to rotate the product for at least one cycle: rotation for a predetermined rotation period and non-rotation for a predetermined pause period; accompanied by a complementary predetermined rotation period.
    [0002]
    2. Cooling apparatus, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the rotation means performs at least two cycles, preferably three to six cycles, more preferably three or four cycles.
    [0003]
    3. Cooling apparatus, according to claim 1 or 2, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the predetermined rotation period is from 5 to 60 seconds, preferably from 5 to 30 seconds, more preferably from 5 to 15 seconds , with a maximum preference of 10 seconds.
    [0004]
    4. Cooling apparatus, according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the predetermined pause period is 10 to 60 seconds, preferably 10 to 30 seconds.
    [0005]
    5. Cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the rotation means is adapted to rotate the product at a rotation speed of 180 revolutions per minute or more, more preferably at least 360 revolutions per minute.
    [0006]
    6. Cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the coolant supply medium is adapted to provide a flow of coolant to the cavity.
    [0007]
    7. Cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the cooling liquid is supplied to the cavity at a temperature equal to or less than -10 ° C, more preferably equal to or less than -14 ° C, even more preferably less than or equal to -16 ° C.
    [0008]
    Cooling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the means of rotation is adapted to rotate the product around a geometric axis of the product and further comprises a retention means to prevent or substantially avoid axial movement of the product during rotation.
    [0009]
    9. Apparatus for sale CHARACTERIZED for comprising a cooling apparatus as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8 and further comprising an introduction and removal means for inserting the product to be cooled in the cavity and removing the product from it cold.
    [0010]
    Sales apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a storage medium for storing a product or product range and a selection means for selecting a product from the storage medium for introduction into the cavity.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CA2768605A1|2011-02-03|
    WO2011012902A1|2011-02-03|
    CN102686959B|2014-10-29|
    CA2768605C|2016-06-28|
    KR20120048650A|2012-05-15|
    EA201290071A1|2012-10-30|
    PT2459840E|2014-06-23|
    EP2459840A1|2012-06-06|
    EA020370B1|2014-10-30|
    WO2011012902A9|2011-05-12|
    HUE026501T2|2016-06-28|
    MX2012001334A|2012-06-01|
    AP3232A|2015-04-30|
    GB201004453D0|2010-05-05|
    RS54432B1|2016-04-28|
    JP2013500458A|2013-01-07|
    CY1115592T1|2017-01-04|
    BR112012002066A2|2016-05-17|
    EA021184B1|2015-04-30|
    GB0913226D0|2009-09-02|
    AP2012006084A0|2012-02-29|
    ZA201200496B|2014-03-26|
    HRP20140644T1|2014-09-26|
    SI2459840T1|2014-08-29|
    AU2010277390B2|2014-01-09|
    ES2469943T3|2014-06-20|
    US20130160987A1|2013-06-27|
    EP2459840B1|2014-04-09|
    EA201290900A1|2013-02-28|
    DK2459840T3|2014-08-18|
    NZ597762A|2013-08-30|
    CN102686959A|2012-09-19|
    PL2459840T3|2014-09-30|
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    法律状态:
    2019-01-15| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-09-03| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-05-12| B07A| Technical examination (opinion): publication of technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-24| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-01-05| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 05/01/2021, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GBGB0913226.7A|GB0913226D0|2009-07-30|2009-07-30|Improvements in or relating to cooling|
    GB0913226.7|2009-07-30|
    PCT/GB2010/051256|WO2011012902A1|2009-07-30|2010-07-30|Improvements in or relating to cooling|
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