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    • 专利摘要:
    hair clipper and method of using the clipper the invention relates to a clipper and optical blade, adapted to cut hair close to the skin of a part of the human body or part of the body of the animal . the optical blade (1), especially for use in a hair clipper, comprises a blade body (3) adapted to guide optical radiation, and a tapered end (2) adapted to allow optical radiation to leave the blade optical (1), in which the tapered end (2) comprises a reflector adapted to redirect optical radiation before it leaves the optical blade. in this way, the balance of proximity versus irritation is increased beyond the capabilities of conventional shaving systems, and an optical blade is provided, which is insensitive to the type of shaving additive used, while manufacturing the optical blade becomes easier. , and costs are reduced.
    公开号:BR112012001213B1
    申请号:R112012001213-4
    申请日:2010-07-14
    公开日:2020-06-02
    发明作者:Rieko Verhagen；Robertus Adrianus Maria Van Hal；Bart Willen Jan Spikker；Bartwillen Jan Spikker；Natallia Eduardauna Uzunbajakava；Babu Varghese；Paul Anton Ackermans
    申请人:Koninklijke Philips N. V.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT AND METHOD OF USE OF THE HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The invention relates to a hair cutting and apparatus, adapted to cut a hair close to the skin of a part of the human body or part of the body of the animal, which comprises an optical source, preferably a laser source, adapted to generate optical radiation to cut hair, an optical blade comprising a blade body 10 adapted to guide optical radiation, wherein said blade body has an elongated direction that determines the width of a skin treatment area , wherein said blade body has additionally a tapered width in a direction perpendicular to the said elongated direction and a tapered end adapted to allow optical radiation to exit the optical blade, and an optical focusing unit. The invention also relates to a method of use for a hair clipper.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Patent Application WO 2008/115899 A2 describes a compact and portable optical razor that cuts hair strands using electromagnetic radiation. According to a preferred embodiment, the optical razor includes a power source that connects to one or more optical components. An optical device, such as an optical blade, can connect to and align with the arrangement of optical components. Optical components can supply light to the optical system based on the electrical energy from the power source. Optical components or the optical system can manipulate and direct electromagnetic radiation to cut hair strands.
    The classic shaving methods generally used for facial and / or body hair removal
    2/29 employ certain selection devices adapted to ensure selective hair removal while avoiding the potential risk of damage to the skin. For typical electric shavers, such as razor blade or rotary shaver systems, the sorting apparatus comprises a mechanical filter through which the hair can substantially penetrate and enter the shaving chamber although it cannot substantially penetrate, preventing damage excessive skin and irritation. In a rotating shaver, manipulation is preferably done by the shaving head and cutting is preferably done by the razor. For razor shavers, the sorting apparatus generally comprises a mechanical arrangement with a combination of skin tensioner and sliding strip that limits the amount of skin exposure to the blade, although a spring system behind the knife effectively limits the interaction force. the skin with the local blade to avoid cutting the skin. The apparatus adapted for the selectivity between skin and hair comprised by the cutting mechanism actively limits the potential proximity of the shaving technique in order to define an acceptable amount of skin irritation.
    Conventional electric shaving systems limit the proximity of the cutting element to the skin, such as rotary / blade shavers, or limit the amount of force that the blade exerts on the skin, such as blade shavers, to prevent accidental skin cutting and skin irritation, butchers and cuts. The shaving process using these conventional shaving techniques typically comprises some or all of the following subprocesses: skin pre-treatment, skin manipulation, hair manipulation, hair retraction, hair cutting and skin post-treatment. There are many process variables that influence the desired result, which are, among others: conditions
    3/29 environments, such as humidity and temperature; manipulation of the device, such as speed, time, accuracy and pressure; the contour of the device following the capabilities, and the properties of the hair / skin.
    The way in which each of the conventional shaving methods balances proximity and irritation depends largely on their specific characteristics. In the blade shaver system, each blade in a series of sequentially passing blades retracts when cutting the hair, that is, the blades pull the hair while it is being cut. The next blade can then cut the hair to an even lower level, resulting in superior proximity. For rotary shaving, proximity is achieved through a combination of hair manipulation and hair retraction together, resulting in reasonable proximity. Blade shavers, which do not have a distinct medium for hair retraction, are based, for the most part, on a thin blade combined with skin and hair manipulation to achieve proximity.
    For each of the described methods, the amount of manipulation is limited due to the limitations imposed by the desire to maintain the integrity of the skin and preserve comfort during the shaving process. For example, for razor shavers, it is important to limit the amount of force required for cutting hair otherwise the effect of pulling hair becomes highly uncomfortable, even though it can lead to greater proximity. For significant skin manipulation, for example, in a blade or rotary shaving system, a large amount of local skin pressure is required, which should result in extreme requirements for the force exerted by the appliance, and thus by the user on their skin, which should lead to excessive rounding of the skin through the holes and slits
    4/29 in the cutting chamber, resulting in skin irritation. The means of retracting the rotating shaving systems is limited due to the required acceleration of the hair, which is in the order of 1,000 g, and the probability of correctly capturing and retracting each hair.
    However, a problem associated with each of the aforementioned techniques is that the hair and skin manipulation processes are generally performed with the same devices that are eventually used to cut the hair, thereby significantly limiting the amount of manipulation that can be performed. employed, making manipulation techniques less favorable. In addition, in each of the mentioned methods, the cutting process is non-optional, that is, if an object is presented in front of a blade or inside the cutting chamber, it will be cut, regardless of whether it is real and correctly handled, or whether it’s a hair or not.
    Patent Application WO 01/00100 A1 describes a cutting blade for a surgical instrument comprising a diamond-shaped body, a cutting edge, and a refractive medium through which the laser radiation that enters the body of the blade cut is retracted away from a focal point. The cutting blade also includes a reflective surface that has a generally parabolic shape formed within the body of the cutting blade that is positioned to reflect the radiation from the laser that enters the cutting blade through the refractive medium towards the cutting edge of the blade.
    US Patent Application-A-4,126,136 describes a photocoagulating scalpel system that includes a scalpel that has a sharp, transparent blade to form an incision, and a laser optically attached to the blade to coagulate blood adjacent to the incision. The laser radiation is
    5/29 transported to the blade through a low loss optical fiber waveguide. The radiation propagates through the waveguide and the blade through the propagation of the optical waveguide in multiple modes in which each mode has a different angle of incidence with respect to the blade surface. The laser radiation leaves the blade at the cutting edge position of the blade.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    An objective of the invention is to provide a possibility to increase the balance of proximity versus irritation, in addition to the capabilities of conventional shaving systems, thereby allowing the increased manipulation of hair and skin in conjunction with optional hair cutting.
    This objective is achieved by the object of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are defined in the secondary claims.
    According to a first aspect of the invention, this objective is achieved by a hair clipper of the type 20 mentioned in the opening paragraph, which is characterized in that the tapered end is blunt so that it does not inflict damage to the skin, and in that the tapered end comprises a reflector, adapted to redirect optical radiation before it leaves the optical blade, and an exit window opposite the reflector, in which the optical source, the optical focusing unit and the optical blade are arranged in a such that the optical radiation from the optical source that is coupled to the blade body is directed to the tapered end and, after reflection in the reflector, is coupled outside the optical blade 30 through the exit window in an optical focus area in front of the exit window.
    tapered end refers to an end of the optical blade with a width that is tapered,
    6/29 preferably tapered continuously, that is, the width of the blade body preferably becomes smaller along the direction of the blade. Different shapes for the tapered end are possible, the preferred embodiments of which are described below. Such a tapered end preferably comprises the function of generating local pressure towards a surface, such as a skin surface.
    An idea of the invention is to provide an optical blade adapted for an increased balance of proximity versus irritation using an optional hair cutting mechanism, in which the optical element, that is, the optical blade, is placed in contact with the skin. of a part of the human body or part of the animal's body and is thus adapted to manipulate hair close to the skin in order to provide an additional proximity beyond the capabilities of conventional shaving systems, since the tapered end of the blade optics are not cut and thus cannot inflict damage to the skin, and are preferably adapted to manipulate the skin at a local pressure in addition to the skin safety limitations imposed by conventional techniques.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reflector is adapted to focus the optical radiation in a focus in front of the tapered end, such that the optical radiation is focused outside the optical blade. Preferably, the reflector is formed at least partially by a surface, and more preferably by a curved surface, of the tapered end. It is important to note that optical radiation is preferably guided by the optical blade through reflection, preferably through total reflection. In addition, it is observed that the term reflection refers to the at least partial reflection of optical radiation, that is, a reflection less than 100% is also possible. According
    7/29 with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the curved surface of the tapered end comprises a convex, concave, parabolic and / or grooved surface.
    In addition, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shape of the exit window is flat. However, the shape can also be curved, convex, concave and / or zigzag.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reflector comprises a parabolic reflector, a non-spherical reflector, an elliptical reflector and / or a combination of a non-spherical focusing unit and a flat mirror reflector.
    In addition, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the exit window comprises a focusing unit which is adapted to focus the optical radiation in a manner at least partially perpendicular to the surface of the focusing unit. Preferably, the focusing unit comprises a hollow cylindrical meniscus lens and / or a microcylindrical lens. Preferably, the hollow cylindrical meniscus lens and / or the microcylindrical lens are arranged in the outlet window which preferably comprises a flat surface. The material of the optical blade preferably comprises glass, plastic and / or a semiconductor.
    The term close to the skin preferably means on, above and / or below the skin. It goes without saying that the expression a hair close to the skin of a part of the human body or part of the body of the animal preferably means that the hair protrudes from the surface of the skin of a part of the human body or part of the body of the animal and / or the hair is located on or somewhere below the surface of the skin.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the optical blade is made of a material that is transparent
    8/29 for a wavelength of optical radiation that is used to detect hair and / or cut hair. Preferably, the optical blade further comprises a control unit adapted to regulate local pressure on at least part of the skin, when the hair clipper moves towards the skin. Preferably, the control unit comprises a spring system and / or a pressure sensor.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hair clipper comprises a scanner adapted to guide the optical radiation from the optical source to a point along the optical blade. Preferably, the scanner is adapted to vibrate at least partially parallel to the exit window, in such a way that a point outside the optical blade is repeatedly reached. Preferably, the scanner comprises a mirror, a focusing unit, a disk with a plurality of cylindrical focusing units and / or a focusing arrangement with a plurality of cylindrical focusing units.
    According to a third aspect of the invention, the aforementioned objective is achieved by a method of use for a hair clipper according to the invention, according to which the cutting of the hair with the clipper is performed in one direction contrary to a direction of hair growth on the skin.
    An idea of the invention is to provide an optical blade, which preferably comes into contact with skin and hair. The optical blade is preferably adapted to manipulate the hair outside the skin and / or is adapted to allow the hair to be cut by means of a laser beam which is preferably guided to the tip of the optical blade at a level close to or beyond the original level of the skin surface in relation to the hair. However, the optical blade can be
    9/29 potentially combined with an active manipulation device adapted to manipulate the hair outside the skin and / or adapted to allow the hair to be cut by means of a laser beam that is preferably guided to the tip of the optical blade at a level close to or beyond the original level of the skin surface in relation to the hair. The optical blade is preferably adapted to perform multiple functions: the manipulation of hair and skin and the actions of guiding and preferably of focusing the cutting laser towards its target. An additional function may be to guide and preferably to focus the detection laser towards its target.
    Preferably, a detector is provided, which is adapted to detect the presence of a hair in contact with or in close proximity to the optical blade, preferably activating the cutting laser when a hair is detected, thereby making the cutting process optional and avoiding the cut of the skin that can appear preferably in front of the optical blade. Therefore, the handling mechanism and the cutting unit are preferably decoupled from each other.
    The optical blade comprises an elongated blunt body, an area of skin contact favorable to it and / or an area of light output in close proximity to the area of skin contact. An optical focusing unit is provided to define an optical focus area, preferably for the hair detection light beam and / or the light beam for cutting hair in relation to the light output area and / or the contact area with the skin. The optical blade is preferably moved, in operation, on the surface of the skin and is preferably pressed on the surface of the skin, resulting in local deformation of the skin by the area of contact with the skin and / or by the hair that is handled, for example, by the handling device, to a position
    10/29 essentially upright in front of the light output area. The hair clipper preferably comprises an optical scanner which scans, preferably continuously, the hair sensing beam along the focus area. In addition, a hair recognition unit is preferably provided and adapted to analyze a signal emitted by an optical detector that receives, through the optical blade, the light reflected by the medium actually provided in a focus area. When the hair recognition unit detects specific optical properties that indicate the presence of hair, a light beam for the hair cut is preferably activated and / or directed to the position in the focus area where the hair is detected.
    It was verified that, when using the optical blade, the focusing characteristics can be kept constant also in the presence of water, shaving additives and / or residues on the skin on or near the exit position where the laser beam leaves the optical blade . For this purpose, preferably a hollow cylindrical meniscus lens in a position where the laser beam exits the optical lamina, and a focusing structure that causes the rays of the laser beam to exit the meniscus lens in directions perpendicular to the surface of the lens. meniscus are provided. In this way, the rays of the laser beam are not covered by the interface between the lens and the external medium, so that no change in the refractive index of the medium outside the optical blade affects the angle of incidence of the laser beam and the focus position. Preferably, the optical blade is manufactured by a molding process such as a monolithic lens that comprises a relatively large and easy to manufacture non-spherical surface and a very small meniscus lens.
    In addition, it is observed that the optical blade can
    11/29 provide an exact focus position in front of the tapered end light exit window. This is preferably achieved by a curved focusing surface of the optical blade arranged directly opposite the exit window. In this way, a sufficient numerical opening for cutting the hair can be obtained.
    The optical blade is preferably not cut. In addition, the optical blade is preferably adapted to manipulate hair and skin in such a way that a hair is at least partially separated from the skin and is placed in contact with or in close proximity to the optical blade. In addition, the optical blade is preferably adapted to guide and / or focus a light beam towards its anterior surface close to the skin, in order to detect the presence of hair. In addition, the optical blade is preferably adapted to direct the laser radiation, preferably the laser radiation properly focused, towards the hair, in order to carry out the cutting process.
    The hair clipper preferably comprises a detector adapted to detect the presence of an object in a focusing plane of the optical blade and adapted to discriminate the optical properties of the object to assess whether the object is a hair with a high degree of probability or whether the object is actually something else such as an immersion fluid, a bubble, a pimple, a freckle, a birthmark, a wrinkle or the surface of the skin. The detector preferably comprises a control unit adapted to interpret the signal coming from the detection sensor to make said evaluation, and to activate the cutting laser and / or to guide the cutting laser to the correct position.
    In addition, an optical cut source, such as a
    12/29 laser cutter, is preferably adapted to cut hair of all sizes, shapes and / or colors. Preferably, the optical cutting source is activated on demand at a local position along the length of the optical blade adapted to make the cut at a specific position.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    These and other aspects of the invention will become evident and will be elucidated with reference to the realizations described below.
    In the drawings:
    Figure 1 illustrates the internal reflection to deflect and focus the incident light to a point outside an optical blade according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention;
    Figure 2 schematically shows an optical blade placed in contact with the skin and hair according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention;
    Figure 3 shows a view along an optical direction of the slide that demonstrates the use of an optical scanner comprising a cylindrical lens arrangement according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention;
    Figure 4 shows a schematic arrangement of an installation for imaging hair and skin using an optical blade configuration according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention;
    Figure 5 shows an addressable optical switch adapted to direct a high energy laser beam towards one of the scanning elements in an optical blade configuration according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention;
    Figure 6 shows a meniscus lens that demonstrates the cylindrical shape and the direction of the light rays
    13/29 incidents at right angles to the lens surface according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the invention; and Figure 7 shows different embodiments of a focusing unit with a meniscus lens used on an optical blade according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ACHIEVEMENTS
    The optical blade according to the invention preferably comprises a number of different functionalities which refer to its mechanical, geometric and optical properties, which will be described below. According to a preferred first embodiment of the invention, the material of the optical blade is transparent to the wavelength of the light that is used for the detection unit as well as for the cutting unit. The material preferably can withstand a considerable intensity used in the cutting laser. In addition, it preferably does not introduce strong birefringence in order to avoid difficulties in the hair detection process. Depending on the wavelength of the light used, the optical blade is preferably manufactured from glass in any arbitrary shape using, for example, glass molding or diamond transformation techniques or, according to other preferred embodiments of the invention, using plastics such as cycloolefin polymers combined with injection molding techniques.
    According to the first preferred embodiment of the invention, the selected wavelengths of the detection and cut-off light are integrally beyond 1 pm and, therefore, the optical blade is preferably manufactured from a semiconductor material, such as silicon, for example. through various caustication processes. According to other preferred embodiments of the invention, the selected wavelengths
    14/29 of the detection and / or cut-off light are below 1 μιη.
    According to the first preferred embodiment of the invention, the optical blade shows an elongated dimension along the blade that determines the width of the skin treatment area. The width is selected instead of depending arbitrarily on the application. For example, for the male beard area, a preferred blade width of 30 to 50 mm is used, while for shaving the ends and torso, wider blades are preferred and for detailing in areas such as the region pubic, as well as for biased shapes for the control of facial hair, a narrower applicator is preferably used.
    Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the optical blade is such that it allows light to enter one side of the optical blade in a predetermined manner and / or come out on the surface closest to the cut side of the blade in a convergent manner adapted for focusing some distance from the surface. The most favorable distance from the focus from the output surface of the optical blade preferably depends on the apparatus for detecting and cutting the hair, on the expected average and minimum thickness of the hair, and thus depends on the location on the body for which the shaver was designed.
    In order to make the light preferably converge in two directions, that is, preferably along the optical lamina and perpendicularly to it, the light entering the optical lamina is preferably converging in at least one direction along the lamina, being that the blade itself is preferably used for focusing in the direction at least partially perpendicular to the elongated direction of the blade.
    Figure 1 shows an optical slide 1 with reflection
    15/29 internal to deflect and focus the incident light, indicated as solid lines, to a point outside the optical lamina 1, whose central light direction is parallel to a surface, such as the skin surface 5, according to first preferred embodiment of the invention. The optical blade 1 comprises a body of the blade 3 and a tapered end 2, wherein the tapered end 2 comprises a parabolic reflector.
    According to other preferred embodiments, the reflector comprises an elliptical reflector, in which the light enters from above, already pre-focused in the direction along the optical lamina 1, in which the optical lamina 1 preferably focuses and deflects the light so that it becomes substantially parallel to the skin surface 5. Reflective optical elements are preferred because of their inherent achromatic characteristic, which also makes them suitable in cases where different wavelengths are used extensively and preferably for the detection of hair and / or for cutting hair.
    Preferably, for a hair clipper comprising a cutting unit and a detection unit, it is desirable that the narrowest part of the beam generated by the optical blade itself and the narrower part generated by a focusing unit that provides the focus to the along the direction of the optical blade substantially coincide. However, this is not mandatory. When the optical blade is in operation, it will preferably be moved on the skin at least partially perpendicular to its elongated axis, as in a conventional razor blade, while a certain amount of local pressure is exerted on the skin. This local pressure is preferably guaranteed by a spring unit or by an active regulator, such as a pressure sensor, or by user feedback,
    Ie the device is switched off if insufficient or too much pressure is used. The local pressure stretches the skin in such a way that a hair protrudes more from the hair follicle than in the case of an entirely relaxed skin. This is the case when the optical blade moves against the local direction of hair growth, that is, when the hair angle is such that the hair tilts essentially vertically instead of downwards during the phase when the blade optics comes into contact with the hair.
    Figure 2 shows schematically the optical blade placed in contact with the skin and hair according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention. The optical blade 1 cuts the skin 5, thereby preferably providing access to the hair 6 at a level below the surface of the skin 5, providing an opportunity to cut the hair 6 at a level that was originally below the surface of the skin 5. According to the second preferred embodiment of the invention, an opportunity to detect the presence of a hair in the focus position of the optical blade 1 is provided. In addition, an active hair manipulation device is preferably used to manipulate or retract hair to achieve a close uniform shave. For this purpose, blades with serrated geometries are preferably used.
    Once the hair 6 is cut and the surface of the skin 5 relaxes from the imposed tension, i.e., the optical blade 1 is removed, it appears that the hair 6 has preferably been cut closer and potentially below the surface of the skin 5. It is observed that, if it is favorable for the purpose of manipulating the hair and skin or if the cut fails to reach the skin surface 5, an additional skin stretcher can be installed in front of the optical blade 1 in order to stretch the skin and make skin rounding more
    17/29 predictable and to ensure that the cutting light remains parallel and / or above the exposed area of the skin 5. Preferably, the skin stretcher additionally serves as a laser beam deflector, whereby the light reaching the stretcher it is deflected upwards and / or away from the skin surface 5 and is subsequently absorbed into the hair clipper.
    It is observed that the contour of the optical blade does not necessarily coincide with the contour of the mechanical interface for the skin. If desired, mechanical means, for example, for supporting the optical blade or for manipulating the skin, can be added. This makes the blade interface with the skin preferably more comfortable and / or pleasant when used at relatively high pressure against the skin.
    When shaving against the direction of hair growth on the skin, the blade preferably positions the hair in a substantially upright position in relation to the cross section of the blade. Once the base of the hair, that is, the point where the hair enters the skin, comes into contact with the blade, it will preferably be dragged along with the blade for a considerable amount of time. As a result, preferably, the skin gradually deforms and builds up enough tension to cause the hair to eventually be folded under the blade. During this time, the hair is preferably conveniently located on a detection plane of the optical blade, ensuring that sufficient time is available for the detection and / or cutting of the hair, after which it will slide easily under the optical blade.
    According to a third preferred embodiment of the invention, and as illustrated in Figure 3, the use of a hair clipper will now be described. A scanner
    18/29 is used to be adapted to ensure, preferably, that the converging laser beam is directed to each position along the optical blade 1. Scanner 7 comprises a combination of scanning mirror and focusing unit, which deflects a converging beam on the optical slide. A combination of optical blade 1 and scanner 7 that corresponds to a lens arrangement is shown in Figure
    3. The lens arrangement is preferably vibratory in order to access each position along the optical blade 1 in a repeated manner. According to other preferred embodiments of the invention, scanner 7 comprises an array of cylindrical focusing units or a combination of an array of cylindrical focusing units with a scanning mirror to deflect, simultaneously or sequentially, a series of different beams over areas different from the optical blade.
    All lenses are preferably illuminated simultaneously, or the laser beam is preferably scanned over each lens sequentially at a repetition frequency much higher than the vibration frequency of the lens array. In order to preserve the achromatic behavior of the slide and / or scanner system, it is preferable to opt for the reflective optical system instead of using the refractive lens arrangement described.
    According to other preferred embodiments of the invention, the elongated direction of the optical blade is curved, for example, to compensate for the cosine error in the case of a blade that vibrates at a single axis point. In an extreme case, the elongated axis may in fact be cylindrical, making the actual blade preferably coincide with the edge of a disc-shaped structure. A rotating disk is preferably used for scanning along the blade, the rotating disk preferably comprising the units
    19/29 cylindrical focusing arranged at its periphery. Each area of the disc's circumference is preferably scanned N times per disc rotation, where N is the number of cylindrical lens units arranged on the disc's periphery.
    For the effectiveness of hair detection, speed and / or specificity are important parameters. The methods for hair detection using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, abbreviated as CLSM, have been described in the prior art, and can be used in the realizations of the invention, if desired, for example, if the birefringence of the optical elements has to preferably be avoided. If the detection is performed preferably in the visible and NIR bands of the spectrum, the use of appropriate low birefringence glass or plastics is preferred. For detection at longer wavelengths, glass or silicon is more suitable for the optical blade.
    In order to employ the aforementioned detection methods, it is preferable that the numerical aperture, that is, the cone in which the reflected light is collected from the detection target, is as high as possible and, in addition, that immersion fluids are used in order to suppress spurious reflections that return from the skin surface. To obtain a high numerical aperture in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the optical blade, it must be ensured that the cylindrical lenses, as described in Figure 3, are positioned as close as possible to the surface of the skin, so that the size of these elements remains small and thus the scanning range is kept within reasonable limits.
    An antireflection coating for the specific wavelength is preferably used to prevent internal reflections on the output face of the optical slide, or to
    20/29 ensure that the refractive index of the immersion medium, such as the shaving additive, meets or exceeds the requirements to avoid internal reflections on the blade surface, while being low enough to guarantee reflection from the hair . Typically, the refractive index is comprised between that of water and glycerol in order to correspond to the refractive index of the skin and / or not to get very close to the refractive index of the hair. It is clear that this is achieved, for example, by many substances that are generally used on the skin, such as water, ultrasound gel, water-glycerol mixtures, different vegetable / mineral oil mixtures, such as baby oil and oils silicone, for example, polydimethylsiloxane, as used in shampoos and conditioners, and so on.
    Figure 4 shows a schematic arrangement of an installation for imaging hair and skin using an optical blade configuration in accordance with a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention. Only one element of the cylindrical vibrating mirror, that is, the scanner
    7, has been described for clarity. The path of the laser beam is indicated with a darker shaded tone. The optical detection system performed on an optical blade 1 that preferably uses CLSM will now be described.
    A vibrating lens / mirror arrangement is used, such as an optical scanner 7, from which each element is preferably illuminated simultaneously by the aligned laser light emanating from an alignment lens.
    8. According to other preferred embodiments, the alignment lens is replaced with an alignment mirror, or a combination of both is used. The light that falls on the alignment lens 8 is preferably from a scanning micro-electromechanical mirror 9, abbreviated as
    21/29 MEMS mirror, which vibrates in a way that is locked in phase to the scanning movement of the lens array in such a way that the same portion of the laser beam is always directed to the same focusing element in the array. As a result, the beam in front of the MEMS mirror 9 does not need to be scanned, but has to be focused in order to generate the required beam shape in the alignment mirror 8 and / or fit properly inside the MEMS mirror opening.
    9.
    For this purpose, the optical focusing system 10 has preferably been introduced, which is preferably adapted to convert the laser beam properly aligned. The signal that returns from the optical slide 1 is thus properly descanned and / or its images are generated directly in a series of appropriately sized photodiodes 11 by means of a single beam splitter 12 and / or by an equivalent series of elements lens in an array 13 configuration.
    In this way, it is arranged so that each of the focusing units in the vibrating arrangement 7 preferably projects its signal on a photodiode 11 every time. If required, slots and / or small holes are easily added in front of photodiodes 11, or are integrated into the MEMS 9 scanning mirror. If more complex imaging requirements are considered, additional optical systems 14 are preferably placed behind the image splitter. beam 12 in order to separate different fractions of the return light, for example, based on the wavelength and / or the polarization state of the light, and / or the number of photodetectors is increased.
    signal that returns from photodiodes 11 is preferably interpreted based on the characteristic optical properties of a hair, and in this way, it is
    22/29 it is possible to identify at each point of time which photodiode receives a signal due to the hair and, therefore, from which mirror arrangement element the signal appears at which exact stage of arrangement vibration 7. This information is then preferably sent to the cutting mechanism adapted to cut the hair in that specific position.
    Depending on the hair clipper to be implemented in the optical blade shaving system, the detector preferably provides information about the central position or the peripheral edges of the hair relative to the elongated direction of the optical blade. In this way, the hair clipper, preferably a laser hair clipper, targets the appropriate position for the cutting mode used. For example, when the technique for cutting uses multiple pulses of very high repetition rate or irradiation of almost continuous emission or continuous emission, the control system preferably activates the laser when the scanner passes the initial edge of the hair and / or needs disable the laser when the scanner passes the final edge of the hair. For example, when a single pulse is used for cutting hair, the control system provides an activation unit adapted to activate the cutting laser at a predetermined time during scanning in such a way that the laser pulse reaches more or less the central position of the hair to allow an efficient cut.
    The haircut operation itself is preferably caused by thermal effects, that is, by fusion and / or evaporation, or by the so-called ablative laser effects, whereby the material is preferably heated so quickly that there is almost no no thermal residue or heat-affected area on the stubble remaining and / or the cut part of the stubble does not fuse with the optical blade. According to other preferred achievements
    23/29 of the invention, the cut is caused by laser-induced optical rupture, abbreviated as LIOB, in which the isolated plasma is formed inside the hair, preferably causing the formation of shock waves and explosive bubbles to affect the cutting the hair from the inside out.
    The processes for thermal cutting and LIOB cutting are known in the prior art. Although for implementation by means of an optical blade, the wavelength bands useful for these processes are preferably expanded to incorporate wavelengths that could potentially be harmful to the skin, since the optical blade is preferably designed In such a way that the light is emitted substantially parallel and / or away from the skin, the potentially harmful effects are avoided.
    Figure 5 shows an addressable optical switch adapted to direct a high energy laser beam to one of the scanning elements in an optical blade configuration according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention. In this switch, each prism 15 is mounted on a piezo drive that directs the prism 15 optionally in contact with the optical guide. By ensuring tight contact, the conditions for total internal reflection within the optical guide are essentially broken and the laser beam is coupled outside the guide through the prism towards the corresponding lens / mirror element. To access the correct scanning lens or mirror element, it is preferable to use a MEMS medium or, according to other preferred embodiments of the invention, any medium for the known fast digital access, such as total internal reflection, abbreviated as TIR, the laser beam addressing means 15 as shown in Figure 5.
    However, according to other achievements
    Preferred 24/29 of the invention, combinations of the two are used, in which the raw addressing is performed through the TIR apparatus and a more accurate targeting is ensured by means of the MEMS mirror. Preferably, the control unit ensures that the appropriate prism is triggered to contact the TIR beam guide before it activates the laser to generate a pulse or series of pulses, or uses the piezo drivers and the TIR switch to act as a shutter from the mechanical Q switch to the laser in order to carry out the cutting process. In the latter case, the TIR 15 access device is preferably placed inside the laser cavity.
    According to other preferred embodiments of the invention, a cutting laser can be easily integrated into the detector described above. For example, it is clear that between the beam splitter 12 and the optical focusing system 10, as described in Figure 4, there is a lot of space to introduce an additional beam splitter for coupling to the cutting system light as generated by the system described in Figure 5. In this way, the optical path of the detection and cutting unit is made so that it is substantially superimposed, thereby significantly reducing the risk of failure. Each of the TIR prisms is made to correspond to a focusing unit and / or a combination of detection photodiode, thus allowing very simple signal processing and / or interpretation, ensuring, through the control unit, that no more than one piezo trigger is active at a time.
    The invention shows a potential for complete parallelization and / or ensures that full use is made of the elongated geometry of the optical blade. For example, when wider or narrower blades are used, or the level of lens elements and the
    25/29 vibratory scanning are increased or the number of scanning lenses and IRR prisms and associated detection circuits must be increased, whichever is more favorable from the point of view of a system architect.
    In an optical blade laser shaver, an optical element in the form of a spherical microcylindrical lens is integrated into an optical blade and is placed in contact with the skin and hair of a part of the human or animal body according to a sixth embodiment preferred part of the invention. The hair is a human beard hair according to the sixth preferred embodiment of the invention. In this way, a hair that is in close proximity or in contact with the blade is preferably detected and / or cut by means of a laser beam that emanates from the microlenses. Preferably, the optical blade is insensitive to the type of shaving additive used and, as such, is also less sensitive to the shaving residue that is present at any time during the shaving process. In addition, compared to the complex miniature spherical shape of the microlenses, the invention increases the manufacturing capacity of the optical blade by avoiding the need for these small spherical characteristics and, preferably, by replacing them with spherical structures that are easier and cheaper to use. manufacture.
    Regardless of the chosen cutting mode, an optical blade preferably comprises some form of optical focusing unit which is placed in contact with the skin and hair and / or which allows to cut the hair close to the focusing unit.
    Generally, the tip of a tapered end of an optical blade is found in a very harsh environment that involves different ambient conditions, such as the presence of skin / hair residues, different forms of
    26/29 additives, skin creams, water, sweat, sebum, and so on. Each of the substances mentioned potentially leads to different focusing behavior of the optical element due to their respective refractive index values. The sixth preferred embodiment of the invention shows the possibility of rendering the optical element insensitive to such variations, whilst maintaining the general properties of the optical blade such as skin / hair manipulation, the quality of light focusing and / or good mechanical rigidity, respectively.
    An additional idea is the provision of spherical surfaces that are preferably easy to miniaturize and, therefore, a cheaper construction, since it is known that the manufacture of miniature spherical cylindrical optical elements is somewhat difficult and thus the capacity manufacturing a spherical tip of a single element is a bit expensive. It is worth noting that the optical blade is preferably manufactured from any type of glass suitable for the selected wavelength and suitable, for example, for precision molding. This contrasts with an optical element that is based on the difference in refractive index between the glass and the immersion medium, that is, the shaving additive, to provide the optical focusing energy.
    Figure 6 shows a meniscus lens 16 that demonstrates the cylindrical shape and the direction of the incident rays of light at right angles to the lens surface according to the sixth preferred embodiment of the invention. A meniscus lens 16 is arranged in an outlet window 17 which is preferably positioned at the tapered end of the optical blade 1. Therefore, the optical blade 1 is preferably isolated from its variable environment by means of a spherical cylindrical microlens, which is a lens of meniscus 16
    27/29 in this realization. Such a lens is essentially a segment of a cylindrical tube, whose center of rotation coincides with a position of the narrowest part of the light beam incident on the lens surface.
    From the simple paraxial ray tracking optical system, described in Figure 6, it is clear that any change in the refractive index of the medium outside the optical lamina 1 will preferably affect the angle of incidence and thus the energy of the lens and / or the focus position of the light, respectively. This is due to the fact that all rays of light are incident at right angles to the surface of the meniscus lens 16 and, therefore, are not covered by the interface between the lens and the external environment. The exit window 17 comprises a flat shape in this sixth preferred embodiment of the invention. Preferably, the exit window 17 is not arranged in front of the meniscus lens 16; on the contrary, the operation of the meniscus lens 16 is at least partially deviated.
    Figure 7 shows different possibilities of the focusing elements, all of which incorporate a meniscus lens 16 which is used in an optical blade 1 according to the seventh preferred embodiment of the invention. From left to right: a parabolic reflector, a general spherical reflector, an elliptical reflector and a relatively low numerical aperture refractive reflector that are focused through a combination of a spherical lens and a flat mirror reflector, are illustrated in Figure 7. Such focusing elements are preferably used to focus the light in the geometric central position of the meniscus lens 16. Close to the focus, the meniscus lens 16 preferably isolates the optical focusing surfaces from the harsh environment surrounding the tip of the blade optics 1, even though it is itself relatively insensitive to
    28/29 various values of refractive index of the materials it surrounds and / or with which it comes into contact.
    However, according to other preferred embodiments of the invention, the focusing element and the meniscus lens are constructed as an optical element comprising surfaces properly coated to reflect and / or transmit light at the respective interfaces. This preferably leads to a monolithic lens design with relatively large spherical surfaces that are easy to manufacture and / or a very small structure of the meniscus lens, which is cylindrical and also relatively easy to produce using, for example, molding techniques precision glass, especially when compared to the construction difficulties encountered when producing spherical surfaces in this tiny range. The construction of such an optical blade is preferably carried out by creating a mold in elliptical shape whereby the small axes of the ellipse are at least partially perpendicular to the plane of the mold and the long axis is at least partially in plane with the mold. When the glass is poured, the surface of the glass that preferably sticks out of the mold after pouring is easily ground and / or polished to leave a flat, non-critical surface. Then, a small cylindrical lens is easily ground and / or polished on the glass in the correct position before the glass is extracted from the mold for post-processing.
    It is worth noting that the use of the suggested geometries preferably leads to the fact that the focusing is performed in a purely reflective manner, making the lens construction intrinsically achromatic and / or independent of the actual type of glass used. The types of glass preferably selected are suitable for precision molding, although they are highly transparent
    29/29 for all wavelengths that are potentially used, without requiring a very high refractive index to focus on the immersion medium of the surrounding high refractive index. This contrasts with the optical blade geometries that employ a spherical surface as the last optical interface.
    Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and description above, such illustrations and description are to be considered as illustrative or exemplary and non-restrictive; the invention is not limited to the described embodiments.
    Other variations to the described embodiments can be understood and made by those skilled in the art when practicing the claimed invention, based on a study of the drawings, description and attached claims. In the claims, the expression it comprises does not exclude other elements or stages, and the indefinite article one or one does not exclude a plurality. The mere fact that certain measures are cited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. No reference signs in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT, adapted to cut a hair close to the skin of a part of the human body or part of the animal's body, which comprises:
    an optical source, preferably a laser source, adapted to generate optical radiation to cut the hair;
    an optical blade (1) comprising a blade body (3) adapted to guide optical radiation, wherein said blade body has an elongated direction that determines the width of a skin treatment area, wherein said body the blade additionally has a width that is tapered in a direction of the blade perpendicular to said elongated direction and a tapered end (2) adapted to allow optical radiation to leave the optical blade; and an optical focusing unit (7);
    wherein the tapered end comprises a reflector, adapted to redirect optical radiation before it leaves the optical blade, and an exit window (17) opposite the reflector, and where the optical source, the optical focusing unit (7) and the optical blade (1) is arranged in such a way that the optical radiation from the optical source that is coupled to the blade body (3) is directed to the tapered end (2) and, after reflection in the reflector, is coupled outside the optical blade (1) through the exit window in an area of optical focus in front of the exit window, characterized by the tapered end (2) of the blade body (30) being arranged to contact the skin during use and is without cut, so as not to inflict damage to the skin.
    [2]
    2. HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT, according to claim 1, characterized by the reflector being adapted to
    Petition 870190104562, of 10/16/2019, p. 5/10
    2/3 focus the optical radiation in a focus in front of the tapered end (2), in such a way that the optical radiation is focused outside the optical blade (1).
    [3]
    HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the reflector is formed at least partially by a surface, preferably a curved surface, of the tapered end (2).
    [4]
    4. HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the exit window (17) has a flat shape.
    [5]
    5. HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reflector comprises a parabolic reflector, a non-spherical reflector, an elliptical reflector and / or a combination of a non-spherical focusing unit and a reflector of flat mirror.
    [6]
    6. HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the exit window (17) additionally comprises a focusing unit (16) which is adapted to focus the optical radiation in a manner at least partially perpendicular in with respect to a surface of the focusing unit (16).
    [7]
    7. HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT according to claim 6, characterized in that the focusing unit (16) comprises a hollow cylindrical meniscus lens and / or a microcylindrical lens.
    [8]
    8. HAIR CUTTING APPLIANCE according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the optical blade (1) is made of a material that is transparent to a wavelength of the optical radiation that is used to detect hair and / or to have a haircut.
    [9]
    9. HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT, according to claim 1, characterized by the optical blade (1)
    Petition 870190104562, of 10/16/2019, p. 6/10
    3/3 additionally comprise a control unit adapted to regulate local pressure on at least part of the skin (5), when the hair clipper moves towards the skin (5).
    [10]
    10. HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT, according to claim 9, characterized in that the control unit comprises a spring system and / or a pressure sensor.
    [11]
    11. HAIR CUTTING DEVICE, according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises a scanner (7) adapted to guide the optical radiation from the optical source to a point along the optical blade (1).
    [12]
    12. HAIR CUTTING APPLIANCE, according to claim 2, characterized in that it additionally comprises a convergence device (7) to converge the optical radiation in at least one direction along the optical blade (1) before the optical radiation enters the optical blade.
    [13]
    13. HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT, according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises a skin tensioner installed in front of the optical blade (1).
    [14]
    14. HAIR CUTTING DEVICE, according to claim 13, characterized in that the skin stretcher comprises a laser beam deflector arranged to deflect the optical radiation that reaches the skin stretcher away from the skin.
    [15]
    15. METHOD OF USE OF THE HAIR CUTTING EQUIPMENT, as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the hair cut with the hair clipper is performed in a direction contrary to the direction of hair growth on the skin.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN102481172B|2015-03-18|
    PL2456383T3|2017-10-31|
    JP2012533388A|2012-12-27|
    WO2011010246A1|2011-01-27|
    EP2456383A1|2012-05-30|
    US9295518B2|2016-03-29|
    JP5746694B2|2015-07-08|
    US20120123444A1|2012-05-17|
    EP2456383B1|2017-05-03|
    KR20120049285A|2012-05-16|
    RU2012106658A|2013-08-27|
    ES2634687T3|2017-09-28|
    BR112012001213A8|2018-01-16|
    CA2769022A1|2011-01-27|
    BR112012001213A2|2016-11-22|
    RU2533523C2|2014-11-20|
    KR101708619B1|2017-02-21|
    CN102481172A|2012-05-30|
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    法律状态:
    2018-02-14| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS N. V. (NL) |
    2018-02-27| B25G| Requested change of headquarter approved|Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS N. V. (NL) |
    2019-01-15| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-07-23| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-03-31| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-06-02| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 14/07/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    2021-05-18| B21F| Lapse acc. art. 78, item iv - on non-payment of the annual fees in time|Free format text: REFERENTE A 11A ANUIDADE. |
    2021-09-08| B24J| Lapse because of non-payment of annual fees (definitively: art 78 iv lpi, resolution 113/2013 art. 12)|Free format text: EM VIRTUDE DA EXTINCAO PUBLICADA NA RPI 2628 DE 18-05-2021 E CONSIDERANDO AUSENCIA DE MANIFESTACAO DENTRO DOS PRAZOS LEGAIS, INFORMO QUE CABE SER MANTIDA A EXTINCAO DA PATENTE E SEUS CERTIFICADOS, CONFORME O DISPOSTO NO ARTIGO 12, DA RESOLUCAO 113/2013. |
    2021-12-21| B16C| Correction of notification of the grant [chapter 16.3 patent gazette]|Free format text: REFERENTE A RPI 2578 DE 02/06/2020, QUANTO AO ITEM (72) NOME DO INVENTOR. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP09166194.2|2009-07-23|
    EP09166194|2009-07-23|
    PCT/IB2010/053212|WO2011010246A1|2009-07-23|2010-07-14|Optical blade and hair cutting device|
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