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    • 专利摘要:
    INFLUX CONTROL DEVICE HAVING EXTERNALLY CONFIGURABLE FLOW DOORS A completion gasket 100 has a sand control jacket 120 and an inflow control device 130. The jacket 120 transfers sieved fluid to an inflow control device housing 130. The flow openings 118 of the base tube are isolated in the fluid housing sieved by flow devices 170. Flow devices 170 are accessible externally in the device housing to selectively configure flow devices 170 to open or
    公开号:BR102013013558B1
    申请号:R102013013558-5
    申请日:2013-05-31
    公开日:2021-03-02
    发明作者:Stephen McNamee；John S. Sladic
    申请人:Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    BACKGROUND OF THE REVELATION
    In unconsolidated formations, horizontal and deviated wells are usually completed with completion systems having integrated sand retaining screens. To control the flow of produced fluids, sand retaining screens can use inflow control devices (ICD) - an example of which is disclosed in US patent 5,435,393 to Brekke and others. Other examples of inflow control devices are also available, including FloReg ICD available from Weatherford International, Equalizer® ICD available from Baker Hughes, ResFlow ICD available from Schlumberger and EquiFlow® ICD available from Halliburton. (EQUALIZER is a registered trademark of Baker Hughes Incorporated, and EQUIFLOW is a registered trademark of Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.).
    For example, a completion system 10 in figure 1 has the completion screen joints 50 positioned on a completion column 14 in a well bore 12. Typically, these screen joints 50 are used for horizontal and offset well holes by passing in an unconsolidated formation as noted earlier, and the obstructors 16 or other insulating elements can be used between the various joints 50. During production, fluid produced by the well bore 12 is directed through the screen joints 50 and upwards in the completion column 14 for the surface platform 18. The screen joints 50 remove fines and other particulates from the produced fluid. In this way, the screen joints 50 can mitigate damage to the components, mud cake in the completion system 10 and other problems associated with fine and particulate substances present in the produced fluid.
    Returning to figures 2A-2C, the prior art completion screen joint 50 is shown in a side view, a partial lateral cross-sectional view and a detailed view. The screen joint 50 has a base tube 52 with a sand control jacket 60 and an inflow control device 70 disposed thereon. The base tube 52 defines a through hole 55 and has a coupling cross 56 at one end to connect to another joint or the like. The other end 54 can connect to an intersection (not shown) of another joint in the completion column. Inside the through hole 55, the base tube 52 defines the tube ports 58 where the inflow control device 70 is arranged.
    Joint 50 is positioned on a production column (14: figure 1) with screen 60 typically mounted upstream of inflow control device 70. Here, inflow control device 70 is similar to the inflow control device ( ICD) FloReg available from Weatherford International. As best shown in figure 2C, the device 70 has an outer sleeve 72 arranged around the base tube 52 at the location of the tube ports 58. A first end ring 74 seals the base tube 52 with a sealing element 75, and a second end ring 76 is attached to the end of the screen 60. In addition, the sleeve 72 defines an annular space around the base tube 52 that communicates the tube ports 58 with the sand control jacket 60. The second end ring 76 has flow ports 80, which separate the inner space of sleeve 86 from screen 60.
    As for the sand control jacket 60, it is arranged around the outer side of the base tube 52. As shown, the sand control jacket 60 can be a coiled wire mesh having the rods or ribs 64 arranged longitudinally along of the base tube 52 with turns of the wire 62 wound in proximity to form several slits. Fluid from the annular space of the surrounding borehole can pass through the annular clearances and flow between the sand control jacket 60 and the base tube 52.
    Internally, the inflow control device 70 has nozzles 82 arranged in flow ports 80. Nozzles 82 restrict the flow of sieved fluid from the screen liner 60 into the internal space of the device 86 and produce a pressure drop in the fluid. For example, the inflow control device 70 may have ten nozzles 82. Operators establish a number of these nozzles 82 open on the surface to configure device 70 for use on a subsurface in a given implementation. In this way, the device 70 can produce a configurable pressure drop across the screen liner 60 depending on the number of open nozzles 82.
    To configure device 70, pins 84 can be selectively placed in nozzle passages 82 to close them. Pins 84 are typically hammered into place with a tight interference fit and are removed by gripping pin 84 with a vise claw and then hammering on the vise clamp to force pin 84 out of nozzle 82. These operations need to be executed in advance off the platform so that valuable platform time is not used. Thus, operators must predetermine how inflow control devices 70 will be preconfigured and positioned on the subsurface before configuring components for the platform.
    When joints 50 are used in a horizontal well bore or deviated from a well as shown in Figure 1, inflow control devices 70 are configured to produce particular pressure drops to help distribute the flow evenly across the column. completion 14 and prevent water obstruction in the heel section. In addition, devices 70 restrict production to create a uniform pressure drop profile flowing along the length of the horizontal section or offset from the well bore 12.
    Although the prior art inflow control device 70 is effective, it is desirable to be able to accurately configure the pressure drop for a well bore to meet the needs of a given installation and to be able to easily configure the pressure drop as needed .
    The subject in question of the present disclosure, therefore, concerns to overcome, or at least to reduce, the effects of one or more of the problems previously exposed. SUMMARY OF THE REVELATION
    A sand control device, which can be a joint for a completion column, has a base tube with a hole to carry the production fluid to the surface. To prevent sand and other fines from entering openings in the base tube for the hole, a screen can be arranged over the base tube to sieve fluid produced by the surrounding well hole, although a screen cannot always be used. Arranged over the base tube, a housing defines a housing chamber in communication of fluid with fluid sieved through the screen. During production, fluid passes through the screen, enters the housing chamber and eventually passes into the hole in the base tube through the tube openings.
    To control fluid flow and create a desired pressure drop for uniform flow across the screen joint, a flow device arranged in the joint controls fluid communication from the housing chamber to the openings in the base tube. In an implementation, the flow device includes one or more flow ports having nozzles. Several flow ports and nozzles can be provided to control fluid communication for a particular implementation, and the nozzles can be configured to allow flow or to prevent flow by using a pin, for example.
    To configure the number of nozzles that will allow flow, the flow devices are externally configurable in the housing to selectively control fluid communication from the screen to the tube openings. For example, each of the flow devices is configurable between open and closed states. To configure the flow devices, they can be accessed externally without the need to remove housing components or the like.
    In the open state, the flow device allows fluid to flow between the screen and at least one of the openings. As will be appreciated, this open state can be either a fully open state or a partially open state depending on the flow device. In the closed state, the flow device prevents fluid flow between the screen and in at least one opening. Again, this closed state can be either an entirely closed state or a partially closed state. In general, flow devices can be configurable between at least two states and can have any number of intermediate states if desired.
    In one example, the flow device is a valve arranged in the housing. The valve can be a ball valve having an orifice defined therein. A shaft of the ball valve is accessible externally in the housing and the rotation of the ball valve can orient the orifice to the open or closed state.
    In another example, the flow device may be a plug that can be inserted externally in the housing in relation to a flow port. The plug may be a pin or plug screwed into an external opening in the housing so that a portion of the plug is inserted into the flow port and closes fluid communication through it. To set the flow port open, the flow device uses a cover that is attached to the outer opening in the housing instead of the plug. When the cap is attached to the housing, it closes fluid communication from the flow port out of the outer opening, but flow can still pass through the flow port of the housing.
    The flow ports of the inflow control device may use nozzles in which a part of the plug, pin, or plug is inserted to close the flow of fluid through the flow ports. In addition to nozzles used in flow ports, flow devices can use other resources to restrict flow and produce a desired pressure drop, including tubes, capillary tubes, valve mechanisms, convoluted channels, tortuous paths, etc.
    The summary presented above is not intended to summarize each potential modality or each aspect of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure 1 illustrates a completion system having joints of completion screens positioned in a borehole.
    Figure 2A illustrates a completion screen gasket according to the prior art.
    Figure 2B illustrates the prior art completion screen joint in partial cross section.
    Figure 2C illustrates a detail in an inflow control device for the prior art completion screen joint.
    Figure 3A illustrates a completion screen joint having an inflow control device in accordance with the present disclosure.
    Figure 3B illustrates the completion screen joint revealed in partial cross section.
    Figure 3C illustrates a detail of the disclosed inflow control device.
    Figure 3D illustrates a perspective view of a part of the revealed completion screen joint.
    Figure 3E illustrates an end section of the revealed completion screen joint taken along the line E-E of figure 3B.
    Figure 4 illustrates a detail of the externally configurable flow device for the disclosed flow control device.
    Figure 5 illustrates an alternative inflow control device for a base tube.
    Figures 6A-6D illustrate parts of an inflow control device using other valve mechanisms for the flow devices.
    Figures 7A-7D illustrate a completion screen joint having another inflow control device according to the present disclosure in detail, partial cross-section, in perspective and end section.
    Figures 8A-8D illustrate a completion screen joint also having another inflow control device according to the present disclosure in partial, detail, perspective and end cross section.
    Figure 9A illustrates an inflow control device in cross section having a pin and cover arrangement.
    Figure 9B shows a cover installed in the opening of the housing for the pin and cover arrangement of figure 9A.
    Figure 10 illustrates an inflow control device in cross section having another pin and cover arrangement.
    Figure 11 illustrates an inflow control device in cross section having a pin and cover arrangement for a tortuous path.
    Figure 12 illustrates an inflow control device in cross section having a pin and cover arrangement for another tortuous path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE REVELATION
    As discussed previously with reference to figures 2A-2C, the prior art inflow control device 70 has to be disassembled and opened so that operators can configure the flow doors open or closed when hammering or pulling door pins. Then, device 70 needs to be reassembled and so it can be used.
    A completion screen joint 100 of the present disclosure shown in figures 3A-3E can overcome the limitations of the prior art completion screen joint. Joint 100 is shown in a side view in figure 3A, a partial cross-sectional view in figure 3B, a detailed view in figure 3C, a partial perspective view in figure 3D and a sectional end view in figure 3E. This completion screen joint 100 can be used in a completion system, as previously described with reference to figure 1, so that the details will not be repeated here.
    With respect to this completion screen joint 100, an inflow control device 130 is mounted on a base tube 110 and communicates with a sand control jacket or screen 120. The base tube 110 defines a through hole 115 to carry produced fluid and defines flow openings 118 to drive produced fluid from outside the base tube 110 into hole 115. To connect gasket 100 to other components of a completion system, base tube 110 has a coupling crossover 116 at one end, while the other end 114 can connect to an intersection (not shown) from another base tube.
    As for the sand control jacket 120 arranged around the outside of the base tube 110, it uses any of the various types of screen assemblies known and used in the art in such a way that the flow characteristics and sieving capabilities of the joint 100 can be selectively configured for a particular implementation. In general, the screen jacket 120 may comprise one or more layers, including windings of wire, porous metal fiber, sintered laminate, pre-compressed media, etc.
    As shown in figures 3A-3C, for example, the jacket 120 can be a wound wire mesh having the rods or ribs 124 arranged longitudinally along the base tube 110 with loops of wire 122 wound in proximity. The wire 122 forms several slits to sieve produced fluid, and the longitudinal ribs 124 create channels that operate as a drainage layer. Other types of screen assemblies can be used for the jacket 120, including metal mesh screens, pre-compressed screens, protective wrap screens, expandable sand retaining screens, or screens of another construction.
    During production, fluid from the annular space of the surrounding well hole can pass through the sand control jacket 120 and can pass along the annular gap between the sand control jacket 120 and the base tube 110. An outer edge of the jacket screen 120 has a closed end ring 125, preventing sieved fluid from passing. Instead, the fluid sieved in the gap in the jacket 120 and the base tube 110 passes to an open end ring 140 to enter the inflow control device 130 disposed on the base tube 110.
    The inflow control device 130 is disposed on the base tube 110 at the location of the flow openings 118. As best shown in figure 3C, the inflow control device 130 has an open end ring 140 (noted earlier) that abuts on the inner edge of the fabric jacket 120 and a housing 150 is disposed near the end ring 140.
    The housing 150 has a cylindrical sleeve 152 and a flow ring 160 arranged around the base tube 110. The cylindrical sleeve 152 is supported on the end ring 140 and the flow ring 160 to enclose a housing chamber 155. For this purpose assembly, sleeve 152 is attached to end ring 140 and flow ring 160, and end ring 140 and flow ring 160 are attached to base tube 110. In this way, inflow control device 130 can be permanently attached to the base tube 110, and O-rings or other sealing elements are not required for the housing 150. This form of construction can increase the longevity of the device 130 when positioned on the subsurface.
    Being opened, the end ring 140 has channels, slits or internal passages 142 that can partially fit over the inner edges of the jacket 120 as shown in figure 3C. During use, these passages 142 allow fluid sieved through the jacket 120 to flow through the open end ring 140 to the housing chamber 155. As also shown in the exposed perspective of the 3D figure, the walls or dividers 144 between the passages 142 support the open end ring 140 on the base tube 110 and can be attached to the outer surface of the tube during manufacture. It will be appreciated that the open end ring 140 can be configured in other ways with openings to allow fluid flow through it.
    Figures 3D-3E reveal additional details of the flow ring 160 and show how the flow of sieved fluid (i.e., inflow) can reach the openings 118 of the tube. The flow ports 164 defined in the flow ring 160 communicate with one or more internal chambers (165: figure 3C) of the ring 160. In turn, one or more internal chambers 165 communicate with the openings 118 of the tube.
    During operation, for example, fluid sieved through the screen jacket 120 may accumulate in chamber 155 of the housing. In turn, each of the flow ports 164 can transfer the mixed sieved fluid from the housing chamber 155 to one or more internal chambers 165, which transfer the fluid through the openings 118 of the base tube.
    To configure how the sieved fluid can enter the base tube 110 through the openings 118, the flow ring 160 has one or more flow devices 170A that restrict the flow of sieved fluid from the housing chamber 155 to the openings 118 of the tube. In general, flow devices 170A may include a flow port, constricted orifice, nozzle, tube, siphon, or other such flow feature that controls and restricts fluid flow. Here, each of the flow devices 170A includes flow ports 164 in flow ring 160, and each port 164 preferably has an adjustable valve 180A. (Although all ports 164 have a 180A valve, only one or more can have a 180A valve while other ports 164 may have permanently open or similar nozzles). Together or separately, ports 164 and valves 180A restrict flow of sieved fluid and produce a pressure drop through flow device 170A to achieve the purposes discussed in this document.
    Details of one of the flow devices 170A in the flow ring 160 are shown in figure 3C. The flow port 164 restricts the passage of the sieved fluid from the housing chamber 155 to one or more inner chambers 165 associated with the flow gate 164. This inner chamber 165 is essentially a defined cavity on the inner surface of the flow ring 160 and allows that flow from flow port 164 communicates with openings 118 of the tube. The inner chamber 165 may or may not communicate with one or more of the flow ports 164, and in the current arrangement the chambers 165 do not communicate with each other. Other configurations are also possible.
    Adjustable valves 180A can be accessed through an external opening 167 in flow ring 160 to open or close fluid flow through flow ports 164. Details of valve 180A are shown in figure 4. Valve 180A is a valve of type ball having a ball body 180 which fits underneath the outer opening 167 of flow ring 160 and is placed between the ends of flow port 164. Preferably, ball valve 180A is composed of an erosion resistant material, such as carbide of tungsten, to prevent erosion caused by flow. Sealing elements 184 can fit around ball valve 180A to seal fluid flow around it, and shaft 181 of ball valve 180A can extend beyond a retainer 186 threaded or otherwise fastened to the outer opening 167 flow ring 160 to retain ball valve 180A. The sealing elements 184 can be composed of polymer or other suitable material. The exposed shaft 181 can be accessed with a tool (for example, flat-head screwdriver, Allen key or the like) externally to the flow ring (160) and thus the ball valve 180A can be rotated to be open or closed without need to open or remove parts of the housing 150. This turn guides or not a hole 182 in the ball valve 180A with the flow port 164. In general, a turning room may be all that is necessary to open or close the doors entirely. 180A valves. Partial turns can be used to open and close 180A valves in intermediate states to partially restrict flow if desired.
    When valve 180A is fully closed and orifice 182 does not communicate with flow port 164, fluid flow does not pass through flow port 164 to opening 118 of the tube. When valve 180A is open (fully or at least partially), flow through flow port 164 passes through orifice 182 to opening 118 of the tube and thus flow can enter hole 115 of the tube. The orifice 182 in the open ball valve 180A can act as a flow nozzle to restrict the flow beyond any flow restriction provided by the flow port 164 itself. Thus, the internal diameter of the orifice 182 can be dimensioned as necessary for the particular fluids to be found and the pressure drop to be produced.
    To configure the inflow control device 130 of figures 3A to 4, a defined number of the 180A valves is opened by turning a desired number of the 180A valves to the open position. The other 180A valves are turned to the closed position. By configuring the number of flow devices 170A having 180A valves open, operators can configure the flow control device 130 to produce a particular pressure drop required in a given implementation.
    As an example, flow ring 160 may have several (e.g., ten) flow devices 170A, although all of them may not be open during a given implementation. In this way, operators can configure flow through the inflow control device 130 to the openings 118 of the base tube by means of any one of ten open flow devices 170A and thus the inflow control device 130 allows less inflow and can produce a configurable pressure drop across the screen jacket 120. If a valve 180A is opened, the inflow control device 130 can produce an increasing pressure drop across device 130 with an increasing flow rate. The more valves 180A are opened the more inflow is possible, but less noticeably the device 130 will exhibit an increase in pressure drop compared to an increase in flow rate.
    Of the various flow devices 170A arranged around the flow control device 130, the orifices 182 of some of the devices 170A can define a certain flow area, diameter or other flow restrictive characteristic that is different from the orifices of the other 170A devices. For example, a first half of flow devices 170A may have orifices 182 with a first size. The second half of the flow devices 170A, preferably arranged alternately, may have the orifices 182 of a second smaller size. Thus, opening the first half of the flow devices 170A while the second half remains closed can configure a first flow profile, opening the second half of the flow devices 170A while the first half remains closed can configure a second flow profile, and opening all flow devices 170A can configure a third flow profile. Likewise, opening flow devices other than the various flow devices 170A can produce additional flow profiles.
    In addition, because the flow devices 170A disclosed in this document can be installed in the external openings 167 and be retained by a retainer 186 or similar, operators can switch the various flow devices 170A and select those having a flow area, diameter or other particular flow restrictive feature. This interchangeable nature of flow devices 170A gives operators additional capability to configure inflow control device 130 for a particular implementation.
    Contrary to the conventional practice of disassembling inflow control devices, configuring open or closed nozzles with hammered pins, reassembling the devices and then carefully arranging the devices for positioning on the platform, the current inflow control device 130 having configurable flow devices externally 170A that can be accessed from outside the housing 150 can reduce the number of assembly steps, save time and avoid possible errors. In addition, operators on the platform have more flexibility when placing inflow control devices 130 and can configure flow devices 170A as circumstances dictate.
    Once configured, the inflow control device 130 during operation on the subsurface produces a pressure drop between the annular space and the interior of the column. The pressure drop produced depends on the fluid density and fluid viscosity and thus device 130 can inhibit water production and stimulate hydrocarbon production by preventing water from being produced and removing any fines produced. In particular, the flow ports 164 and / or the orifices 182 of the valves may be relatively insensitive to differences in viscosity in the flow of fluid through them and may instead be sensitive to the density of the fluid. When fluid is produced from the well bore, the fluid produced flows through the open 180A valves, which creates a pressure drop that maintains the higher density of the water moved backwards. If a water penetration event occurs during production, the inflow control device 130 will preferably produce the hydrocarbon in the fluid produced instead of water.
    The flow ports 164 of the flow devices 170A are preferably also axially defined along the base tube 110 and thus fluid flow passes parallel to the geometric axis of the base tube, which distributes flow evenly across the production column. In the end, the inflow control device 130 can adjust an imbalance of inflow caused by fluid friction losses in homogeneous reservoirs or caused by variations in permeability in heterogeneous reservoirs.
    In summary, the inflow control device 130 mounted adjacent the jacket 120 on the completion screen gasket 100 can control the flow of fluid produced. During operation, fluid flow from the annular well-hole space is directed through the screen jacket 120, and sieved fluid passes along the base tube 110 at the annular clearance to the device 130. Upon reaching the end of the jacket 120, the flow of the sieved fluid is directed through the open end ring 140 to the inflow control device 130, where the open flow devices 170A restrict the flow of the screen fluid to the flow openings 118 in the base tube 110.
    In the arrangement discussed above, the inflow control device 130 is used at a joint 50 adjacent to the end of a screen 120. Figure 5 shows an alternative arrangement of a base tube 110 having an inflow control device 130, but which does not uses a screen (the same reference numbers are used in figure 5 for elements equal to the arrangement indicated above, so that the description of these elements is not repeated here). Instead, the inflow control device 130 disposed on the base tube 110 receives fluid surrounding the base tube 110 without sieving it. An arrangement like this can be used in some completions where sand control is not an issue. If necessary, a trap or other filter (not shown) can be used to achieve some filtration of the fluid. During operation, the surrounding fluid passes through the flow ports 164 selected in the flow ring 160 if the externally configurable valves 180A of the selected flow devices 170A are configured as open. Passing through the open valves 180A, the fluid enters an inner chamber 165 formed in the flow ring 160. All flow ports 164 can communicate with their own inner chamber 165, or each can communicate with a common inner chamber 165 . From there, the flow enters the base tube 110 through the openings 118.
    In previous arrangements, valves 180A incorporated a flow restriction so that port 182 acts as a nozzle to restrict fluid flowing through flow port 164. Alternatively, flow restriction can be separated from the valve used to control flow through flow port 164. For example, figures 6A-1 and 6A-2 show a part of flow ring 160 as in the arrangement in figures 4-5 with valve 180A open (figure 6A-1) and closed ( figure 6A-2). Unlike the previous valves 180A, the valve 180A for this flow device 170A in figures 6A-1 and 6A-2 defines a hole 182 that is essentially the same size as flow port 164. To restrict flow, flow port 164 instead it includes a flow nozzle 163 separate from the valve 180A. This same arrangement can be used with other valves disclosed in this document and not just with the particular 180A ball valve shown here.
    In the arrangements described earlier, flow devices 170A used 180A ball-type valves that can rotate inside external openings 167 in housing 150 to allow or prevent fluid flow through a flow port 164. Other types of valves and flow mechanisms shut-offs can be used, including, but not limited to, gate-type valves, butterfly-type valves and pin or plug mechanisms.
    For example, figures 6B-1 and 6B-2 show a part of a flow device 170B for an inflow control device (130). Here, the flow device 170B uses a butterfly-type valve mechanism, which is shown open (figure 6B-1) and closed (figure 6B-2). A butterfly valve 180B has a disk or tab element 181 mounted on a stem or shaft 185 used to rotate the tab element 181 with respect to a hole for a flow passage. Here, the orifice uses a flow nozzle 183 on which the tabbed element 181 is mounted to rotate.
    For assembly, the flow device 170B can be constructed in several ways. Briefly, the flow nozzle 183 can have matching components that retain the tabbed element 181 and the shaft 185 therein, and the assembly can snap into the outer opening 167 of the housing to be retained within it by a retainer 186 screwed into the opening 167. Many other forms of assembly can be used.
    The distal end of the shaft 185 extends beyond the retainer 186 and so the tabbed element 181 can be rotated within an open space of the nozzle 183. With the tabbed element 181 rotated to be in line with the flow passage, such as shown in figure 6B-1, fluid can pass through nozzle 183, which restricts fluid flow and creates a pressure drop. With the tabbed element 181 rotated to face the flow passage, as shown in figure 6B-2, the tabbed element 181 can prevent flow through the nozzle 183.
    Figures 6C-1 and 6C-2 show a part of another flow device 170C that uses a gate-type valve mechanism, which is shown open (figure 6C-1) and closed (figure 6C-2). A gate valve 180C has a plate or gate 187 movable with respect to an orifice for a flow passage. Again, the orifice uses a flow nozzle 183 in which the gate 187 is mounted to move, and the nozzle 183 can be mounted in a similar manner as indicated above and retained by a retainer 186. Adjustment of the gate 187 within the nozzle 183 in relation to nozzle 183 can change the flow of fluid that can pass through nozzle 183. The adjustment uses a screw 189 threaded in the gate 187 so that turning the screw 189 raises or lowers the gate 187 in the length of the screw 189 to adjust the resulting flow passage through nozzle 183.
    With the gate 187 moved downwardly into the nozzle 183, as shown in figure 6C-1, flow can pass through an opening in the gate 187 as the flow passes through the nozzle 183. With the gate 187 moved upward into the nozzle. nozzle 183, as shown in figure 6C-2, gate 187 blocks flow from passing through nozzle 183. The gate valve 180C as well as the butterfly valve 180B indicated above can be additionally configured to produce flow percentages when valves 180B -C are adjusted externally because the 180B-C valves can adjust the size of the resulting flow passage through them. In addition, 180B-C valves are preferably resistant to erosion. To facilitate illustration of the 180B-C valves, various seals, watertight clearances and other details of the valve mechanisms for the 170B-C flow devices are not shown, but would be present in a given implementation as will be perceived.
    As noted earlier, other closing mechanisms can be used in the flow devices 170 of an inflow control device 130 of the present disclosure. To that end, figures 6D-1 and 6D-2 show a portion of another flow device 170D that uses a plug-type valve mechanism, which is shown open (figure 6D-1) and closed (figure 6D -two) . A first pin or plug 180D-1 is disposed in the outer opening 167, but does not insulate the flow port 164. For example, the first plug 180D-1 does not fit against a lower seat 188 disposed in the flow port 164. The first plug 180D-1 can be screwed into the external opening 167 and can be retained by a spring clamp (not identified) and sealed by means of sealing elements (not shown). Again, a flow nozzle 163 is used in flow port 164 to restrict flow. To adjust the possible restriction for the 170D device in the open condition, first 180D-1 plugs with different sizes can be used to limit the flow passage in the flow port 164.
    To close the device 170D as shown in figure 6D-2, a second pin or plug 180D-2 is disposed in the outer opening 167 and fits against the lower seat 188 to close the flow port 164. As before, this plug 180D -2 can be screwed into the external opening 167 and can be retained by a spring clamp (not identified) and sealed by means of sealing elements (not shown). To facilitate illustration of the 180D-1 and 180D-2 plugs, various seals, watertight clearances and other details of the mechanisms for the 170D flow device are not shown, but would be present in a given implementation as will be perceived.
    Continuing with alternative forms of flow devices, figures 7A-7D illustrate another completion screen joint 100 having another flow control device 130 in accordance with the present disclosure in partial, cross-sectional, detail, perspective and cross section edge (many of the components of the joint 100 and the device 130 are similar to those previously described so that their description is not repeated here). This inflow control device 130 has flow devices 170D which use a closing mechanism having a changeable plug and cap arrangement instead of an adjustable valve as described above to control the flow of fluid through the device 130.
    Here, the opposite end of the screen jacket 120 has a closed end ring 125. Fluid sieved through the jacket 120, therefore, passes through an open end ring 140 and enters a single housing chamber 155. The flow devices 170D then control the flow of fluid from the housing chamber 155 to the inner chambers or cavities 165 in communication with the openings 118 of the tube. In particular, flow ports 164 defined in flow ring 160 of the housing can transfer fluid to internal chambers 165, and flow devices 170D can be configured externally to selectively open or close fluid communication through these flow ports 164 .
    In the flow ring 160 shown in figure 7D, each flow port 164 has an axial part 164a and a tangential part 164t. The axial part 164a receives flow from the housing chamber (155: figure 7B), and the tangential part 164t transfers the flow to the inner chamber 165 associated with the flow port 164. Accessible through an external opening 167, a pin 190 it is screwed into the opening 167 so that the distal end of the pin engages with an element 192 disposed on the tangential part 164t. Although a pin 190 is shown, any other plug, stem, cap, screw or the like can be used.
    When pin 190 is inserted and screwed in, flow through port 164 is impeded. When pin 190 is absent and the outer opening 167 is instead closed with a lid 194, flow device 170D is open, and flow through flow port 164 can enter inner chamber 165. As indicated, pin 190 and the cap 194 can be screwed into the outer opening 167, but they can also be fixed therein in other ways. Element 192 in flow port 164 can serve the dual purposes of a nozzle to restrict flow and a seal to fit with pin 190. Screwing pin 190 into the outer opening 167 pushes the distal end of the pin into element 192 to prevent fluid flow. Left alone without pin 190, however, element 192, which is preferably composed of an erosion resistant material, acts as a nozzle to restrict flow of the sieved fluid through flow port 164 and to create a pressure drop.
    In another example, figures 8A-8D illustrate a completion screen joint 100 also having another inflow control device 130 in accordance with the present disclosure in detail, partial cross-section, perspective and end section (many the components of gasket 100 and device 130 are similar to those previously described, so their description is not repeated here). In this inflow control device 130, flow devices 170E use a pin and cover arrangement similar to the arrangement exposed above, but flow ports 164 are arranged in line instead of being tangentially arranged. To improve external access, in-line flow ports 164 are preferably displaced relative to the major axis of joint 100 by a small angle (e.g., 2o) as shown.
    As previously indicated, a pin 190 for the flow device 170E is accessible through an external opening 167. The pin 190 is screwed into the opening 167 so that the distal end of the pin engages with a sealing element / nozzle 192 arranged in flow port 164. When pin 190 is inserted and screwed in, flow through port 164 is impeded. When pin 190 is absent, the outer opening 167 can be closed with a lid (for example, 194: figure 7D) and thus flow can pass through the flow port 164 and not out of the outer opening 167.
    Figure 9A illustrates an inflow control device 130 in cross section having the flow devices 170F also using another pin and cover arrangement. This inflow control device 130 is mounted adjacent to a screen jacket 120 and uses a chamber 155 in fluid communication with the screen jacket 120 (again, many of the components of the inflow control device 130 are similar to those described previously. , so its description is not repeated here).
    In this arrangement, fluid from the jacket 120 enters the chamber 155 when passing through the openings 142 in the open end ring 140. Since in the chamber 155, the sieved fluid flows through the open flow devices 170F arranged in the openings 118 of the base tube 110 In this configuration, these flow devices 170F restrict flow of fluid from the housing chamber 155 directly through the openings 118. To control flow, these flow devices 170F can have the sealing / nozzle elements 192 and the pins 190 as in the arrangements described earlier. The pins 190 are accessible from the outside of the housing 150 so that the device 130 can be configured externally. For those nozzles 192 intended to remain open, operators instead install a cover 194 in opening 167 of the housing as shown in figure 9B.
    The base tube openings 118 can have ten flow devices 170F so that the flow from the liner 120 can pass through one to ten flow devices 170F depending on how the flow devices 170F are configured. Because chamber 155 is at reservoir pressure, the cap 194 of figure 9B used here in this arrangement may not need to be more robust than in other arrangements. With appropriate modification provided for the benefit of the present disclosure, a valve mechanism as discussed above can be used in the position of figure 9A.
    An alternative is shown in figure 10. Here, the flow devices 170G are on the open end ring 140 to restrict the flow of the sieved fluid directly from the screen jacket 120 to the housing chamber 155, where the flow can then pass through the openings 118. The pins 190 are again inserted from the outside of the housing 150 into the nozzles / sealing elements 192 to prevent fluid flow. For those nozzles 192 intended to remain open, operators instead install covers (194: figure 9B) as before in the openings 167 of the housing.
    Although these 170G flow devices use the pin and cap arrangement to control fluid flowing through nozzles 192, it will be realized with the benefit of the present disclosure that a flow device 170 incorporated in an end ring 140 (as in figure 10) you can use any of the valve mechanisms (for example, 180A-C valves) discussed above.
    In the implementations indicated above, the inflow control devices 130 used flow ports 164, nozzles 192 and / or valve mechanisms to control and restrict fluid communication to the pipe openings 118 and create the desired pressure drop. Additional features can be used to control flow and create a pressure drop, including a constricted orifice, pipe, siphon or other such feature. As shown in figures 11-12, for example, the inflow control device 130 can use convoluted channels or tortuous paths to control and restrict fluid communication from a housing chamber 155 to the openings 118 of the tube.
    In figure 11, the inflow control device 130 uses a spiral rib 200 arranged in the base tube 110 for a convoluted channel or tortuous path to control and restrict the flow of sieved fluid from the screen jacket 120. The rib 200 is arranged in the tube base 110 adjacent to the openings 118 of the tube and reaches the interior of the housing 150. A restrict ring 197 can create an initial narrow annular space to also restrict flow (as an alternative to rib 200, a tortuous path can use a plurality of these rings to restrict 197).
    The openings 118 in this arrangement have elements 195 that can be sealed externally with a pin 190 as shown for this flow device 170H (these elements 195 act as sealing elements and can be nozzles, although they need not be). For those openings 118 that are to remain open, the outer openings 167 in the housing 150 can be closed with a lid (194: figure 9B) as before, which leaves the associated opening 118 open for flow into the hole 115 of the tube base.
    In figure 12, the inflow control device 130 also uses a plurality of ribs 210 for a convolute channel or tortuous path formed in the inflow control device 130. Here, the ribs 210 arranged in the base tube 110 create segmented cavities or chambers, and slots 212 in the ribs 210 restrict fluid flow between the chambers. Again, the ribs 210 are arranged in the base tube 110 adjacent to the openings 118 of the tube and reach the interior of the housing 150. The openings 118 in this arrangement also have elements 195 (which may or may not be a nozzle) that can be sealed with a pin 190 as shown for this flow device 1701. For those nozzles 192 that are to remain open, the external openings 167 in the housing 150 can be closed with a lid (194: figure 9B) as before, which leaves the associated nozzle 192 open for flow to the base tube hole.
    In the inflow control devices 130 of figures 11-12, a convolute channel or tortuous path is constructed for the flow from the screen jacket 120. The housing 150 for these devices 130 can be removable from the base tube 110 as shown, using a sleeve 152 fitting an end ring 140B and fixing it to the other end ring 140 with the locking wires 146. Other inflow control devices 130 disclosed in this document may also have removable housings; although as stated above, this may not be necessary.
    The foregoing description of preferred and other modalities is not intended to limit or restrict the scope or applicability of inventive concepts designed by the Applicants. It will be realized with the benefit of the present disclosure that resources described above according to any modality or aspect of the subject in question may be used, alone or in combination, with any other described resource, in any other modality or aspect of the subject in question. .
    Any of the various flow devices 170 disclosed in this document for one of the flow control devices 130 can be replaced by any of the other flow devices 170. Additionally, any of the various flow devices 170 for one of the flow control devices inflow 170 can be used in combination with any of the other flow devices 170 so that a hybrid arrangement of flow devices 170 can be used on the same inflow control device 130.
    In the present description, inflow control devices 130 have been disclosed to include flow devices 170 for controlling flow of sieved fluid from the well bore to the bore of a pipe column. As is to be understood in this document, inflow control devices 130 are a form of flow device and can be referred to as such. Likewise, flow devices 170 are a form of flow control device and can be referred to as such.
    In exchange for revealing the inventive concepts contained in this document, Claimants want all of the patent rights 15 provided by the attached claims. Therefore, it is intended that the attached claims include all modifications and changes to the full extent that they occur within the scope of the following claims or equivalences thereof.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001]
    1. Flow control device for a well hole, characterized by the fact that it comprises: a base tube (110) having a hole (115) to carry fluid and defining at least one opening to transfer fluid into the hole (115 ); and at least one flow device (170A-C) disposed on the base tube (110) and defining flow ports (164), the flow ports (164) transferring the fluid outside the base tube (110) to at least one opening (118) defined in the base tube (110), a plurality of internal valves (180A-C) selectively inserted into external openings (167) and interposing the flow ports (164) arranged within at least one device flow (170A-C), each of the internal valves (180A-C) having a selective orifice (182) to restrict the flow through it to produce a pressure drop in the fluid flow, at least one axis (185; 188) or screw (189) of the internal valves (180A-C) being accessible from the outside of at least one flow device (170A-C), the internal valves (180A-C) being externally configurable between first and second states with movement of the shaft (185, 188) or screw (189), and selectively controlling the flow of the fluid through the p ortas (164) and the selective orifice (182) coming from outside the base tube (110) to the at least one opening (118) defined in the base tube (110), in which a certain valve among the internal valves (180A -C) in the first state is in an open condition, allowing fluid to be transported to at least one opening (118), and in which the given valve among the internal valves (180A-C) in the second state is in a closed condition preventing fluid transport to the at least one opening (118).
    [0002]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it additionally comprises a screen (120) disposed on the base tube (110), the screen (120) sieving the fluid coming from outside the base tube (110 ) and transporting the fluid to the at least one flow device (170A-C); or device (142) for receiving fluid from outside the base tube (110); or device (120) for sieving fluid from outside the base tube (110).
    [0003]
    Apparatus according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one flow device (170A-C) comprises: a first end in fluid communication with the fluid coming from outside the base tube (110); and a second end in fluid communication with at least one opening (118).
    [0004]
    Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the first end comprises a first end ring (140) defining a fluid passage (142) in fluid communication with the fluid coming from outside the tube base (110), and the second end comprising a flow ring (160).
    [0005]
    Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the flow ring (160) defines the flow ports (160) communicating with at least one opening (118); or wherein the at least one flow device (170A-C) comprises a sleeve (152) attached to the open end ring (140) and the flow ring (160) and defining a chamber (155) with the end ring open (140) and the flow ring (160).
    [0006]
    6. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the internal valves (180A-C) are ball-type valves (180A) having the orifice (182) defined therein and being rotatable in relation to the flow port (164), the rotation of the ball-type valve (180A) being accessible externally in the external opening (167) and changing fluid communication through the flow port (164), and optionally in which the ball-type valve (180A) comprises a rotatable body (180) disposed in the external opening (167), the rotatable body (180) having the orifice (182) through it and being rotatable in relation to the flow port (164), the ball body (180) the shaft (188) extending therefrom, the shaft (188) being accessible externally in the external opening (167) to rotate the rotatable body (180).
    [0007]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the internal valves (180A-C) are gate valves (180C) having a gate (187) movable in relation to the flow port (164 ), the movement of the gate (187) being accessible externally from the external opening (167) and changing fluid communication through the flow port (164); and optionally, the gate-type valve (180C) comprises a flow nozzle (183) disposed in the external opening (167), the flow nozzle (183) having the orifice through it in communication with the flow port (164), the gate (187) disposed in the flow nozzle (183) and being movable in relation to the orifice, the gate (187) having the screw (189) extending from it, the screw (189) being accessible externally in the external opening ( 167) to move the gate (187).
    [0008]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the internal valves (180A-D) are butterfly valves (180B) having a flap element (181) rotatable in relation to the flow port (164), the rotation of the tabbed element (181) being accessible externally from the external opening (167) and changing fluid communication through the flow port (164); and optionally, the butterfly valve (180B) comprises a flow nozzle (183) disposed in the external opening (167), the flow nozzle (183) having the orifice through it in communication with the flow port (164) , the flap element (181) disposed in the flow nozzle (183) and being rotatable in relation to the orifice, the flap element (181) having the shaft (185) extending from it, the shaft (185) being accessible externally from the external opening (167) to rotate the tabbed element (181).
    [0009]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the at least one flow device (170A-C) comprises: a device for restricting the flow of the fluid; or a device for producing a pressure drop in the fluid flow.
    [0010]
    10. Flow control method for a well bore, characterized by the fact that it comprises: providing a flow control apparatus as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9; selectively configure one or more internal valves (180A-C) arranged in the housing in the base tube (110) between the first state in which the one or more internal valves (180A-C) is in an open condition allowing fluid communication with the hair at least one opening (118), and the second state in which one or more internal valves (180A-C) is in the closed condition preventing fluid communication with at least one opening (118), by means of externally accessing and moving at least the shaft (185, 188) or the screw (189) of the internal valves (180A-C) to the outside of the housing; position the base tube (110) in the well hole; receiving fluid in the housing from outside the base tube (110); and controlling flow of the received fluid to one or more internal openings (118) in the base tube (110) using the internal valves (180A-C).
    [0011]
    11. Method according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the selective configuration of one or more internal valves (180A-C) between the first state and the second state comprises the rotation of a ball-type valve (180A) arranged inside the housing in relation to one of the flow ports (164), the rotation of the ball-type valve (180A) being accessible externally from the external opening (167) and changing the fluid communication through the flow port (164); and optionally, rotating the ball valve (180A) comprises accessing the shaft (185) that extends into the external opening (167) in the housing and rotating a rotating body (180) with the shaft (185), the rotating body (180 ) having the orifice (182) through it and being rotatable in relation to the flow port (164).
    [0012]
    12. Method according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the selective configuration of one or more internal valves (180A-C) between the first state and the second state comprises moving a gate-type valve (180C) arranged inside the housing in relation to one of the flow ports (164), the movement of the gate-type valve (180C) being accessible externally from the external opening (167) and changing the fluid communication through the flow port (164); and optionally in which the movement of the gate valve (180C) comprises accessing the screw (189) extending in the external opening (167) and moving a door (187) in the external opening (167) using the screw (189).
    [0013]
    13. Method according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the selective configuration of one or more internal valves (180A-C) between the first state and the second state comprises the rotation of a butterfly-type valve (180B) arranged inside the housing in relation to one of the flow ports, the rotation of the butterfly valves (180B) being accessible externally from the external opening (167) and changing the fluid communication through the flow port (164); and optionally, rotating the butterfly valve (180B) comprises accessing the shaft (185) in the external opening (167) and rotating a tabbed element (181) in the external opening (167) with the 5 axis (185).
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    同族专利:
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    BR102013013558A2|2015-10-20|
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    CA2816646A1|2013-11-30|
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    AU2013206044A1|2013-12-19|
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    法律状态:
    2015-10-20| B03A| Publication of an application: publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention|
    2017-07-11| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: WEATHERFORD TECHNOLOGY HOLDINGS, LLC (US) |
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-12-24| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2021-01-26| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-03-02| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 31/05/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/485.463|2012-05-31|
    US13/485,463|US9725985B2|2012-05-31|2012-05-31|Inflow control device having externally configurable flow ports|
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