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    • 专利摘要:
    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONFIGURING, MARKING AND CONTROLING THE FUNCTIONING OF A WIND POWER PLANT. A system and method for configuring, starting and controlling the operation of a wind power plant that features a plurality of wind turbine generators (WTG) operatively connected to an electrical network, including the system a reconfigured power plant controller -greasable (100, 200, WPPC) comprising: a first regulator (101, PFi) to regulate the active power at a power grid regulation point according to one or more control modes that can be selected from a first plurality control modes; a second regulator (102, QVi) to regulate at least one electrical variable of the group formed by the voltage, the power factor and the reactive power at a point of regulation of the electrical network according to one or more control modes that can be selected from from a second plurality of control modes; a management system (103, 201, MS) operatively connected to the first regulator and the second regulator that dynamically determines the control modes that are selected simultaneously at a given time in these regulators and the parameterization of these control modes in ( ...).
    公开号:BR102013009368B1
    申请号:R102013009368-8
    申请日:2013-04-17
    公开日:2020-10-27
    发明作者:Luis Manuel Lobato Peña；Pedro Maria Zudaire Latienda
    申请人:Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] The invention refers to a system and method for configuring, commissioning and operating a wind power plant that comprises a plurality of wind turbine generators that are operatively connected to an electrical network. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] A wind power plant, also known as a wind farm, comprises a plurality of wind turbine generators that transform the kinetic energy of the wind into electricity. The global contribution of all electric turbine generators constitutes the energy production of the wind power plant.
    [003] The problems associated with the production of electricity in a wind power plant are very different from those of other conventional power plants, such as those that run on gas coal.
    [004] First, the natural resource used in each case behaves very differently. The wind is an intermittent and unpredictable resource, which does not allow to guarantee that the production of active power from the wind power plant at a given time can satisfy an objective demand, which is also variable.
    [005] Secondly, even if in conventional power plants the turbine generators are synchronous machines coupled directly to an electrical network, the wind turbine generators can be asynchronous and usually have power converters that decouple the generator from the grid.
    [006] A wind power plant is normally connected to an electrical network, to which other power and cargo plants are also connected. The imbalance between the energy produced by all the power plants and the energy required by the loads results, for example, in frequent voltage variations that further complicate the supply of stable energy to the grid.
    [007] To control the electrical variables at the point of connection to the grid, the wind power plant needs to use a regulator.
    [008] Some attempts to regulate the electrical variables of a wind power plant operatively connected to an electric grid have focused only on regulating the active power produced by the plant, such as, for example, the regulators described in the patent publications WO2012 / 019609 and EP1571746.
    [009] Other attempts were made to regulate the reactive power ring. In this sense, document US201070312409 reveals a wind farm and two electrical variables related to reactive power, in particular the power factor and voltage, are controlled simultaneously.
    [0010] To make the operation of a wind power plant similar to that of a conventional power plant, it is necessary to regulate the ring of active power and the ring of reactive power simultaneously.
    [0011] However, simultaneous regulation is not simple, since the control modes used in a given regulation ring directly affect the other regulation ring. For example, the power factor control mode or the apparent power limitation used in the reactive power regulation ring depends directly on the production of active power. In addition, the power produced by wind turbine generators is related to the ability to produce reactive power through their PQTV curves. In addition, the active power affects the voltage value at the point of connection to the grid when the ratio of short circuits in the grid is low or when the resistance ratio to the reactance is high.
    [0012] In addition, users, transmission system operators or local laws may require the implementation of different control modes in the active power regulation ring or the reactive power regulation ring, or even the selection of different control modes at different times.
    [0013] Some solutions offer a certain degree of flexibility in the way of regulating an electrical variable in a wind power plant by allowing the operator to select a control mode.
    [0014] For example, EP2375562 discloses a system of wind turbine generators that comprises two regulators, one that regulates reactive power and another that regulates power factor, connected to a control change unit that allows selecting one of the two control modes. Despite providing some flexibility, this solution only provides a control mode at a given time.
    [0015] Likewise, document US2011 / 0148114 reveals a system for operating a wind power plant, with the regulation of an electric variable of wind power being defined by a model selected from a plurality of models.
    [0016] An objective of the present invention is to provide a system and method that allow to configure, commission and operate a wind power plant in a way that it behaves like a conventional power plant that provides the transmission system operator, or users end users, the same quality of service as that provided by conventional power plants.
    [0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a system and a method for operating a wind power plant that allows the simultaneous regulation of the active power ring and the reactive power ring.
    [0018] Another additional object of the present invention is to present a system and a method that allow controlling the operation of the wind power plant with greater flexibility and adaptability. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0019] The object of the present invention is achieved with the system according to the invention and with the method according to the invention. In the embodiments, other modalities are described.
    [0020] The present invention relates to a system for configuring, commissioning and operating a wind power plant that features a plurality of wind turbine generators that are operatively connected to an electrical network. This system includes a reconfigurable power plant controller that comprises; - a first regulator to regulate the active power at a regulation point of the electric network according to one or more control modes that can be selected from a first plurality of control modes; - a second regulator to regulate at least one electrical variable of the group formed by the voltage, the power factor and the reactive power at a regulation point of the electrical network according to one or more control modes that can be selected from a second plurality of control modes; and - a management system operatively connected to the first regulator and the second regulator that dynamically determines the control modes that are selected simultaneously at a given time in the first and second regulators and the parameterization of these control modes according to the values of a plurality of electrical network variables, command signals or a planning.
    [0021] This management system comprises: - a control mode compatibility unit that determines, according to a predefined compatibility table, the compatibility of any new control mode that will be selected in one of the first and second regulators with the currently selected control modes; and - a control mode prioritization unit that establishes, according to a predefined set of priority rules, the sequence, with the selected control modes being implemented in the first and second regulators.
    [0022] The presence of the management system to guarantee the compatibility of the selected control modes and to implement these control modes according to the priority rules allows the power plant controller to be able to regulate both the active power ring and the power ring simultaneously reactive, avoiding the drawbacks of prior art systems.
    [0023] Preferably, the first plurality of control modes comprises an available active power mode, a ramp rate limiting mode, a delta control mode, a balance control mode, a limited active power production mode , an active power frequency control mode and an inertia emulation mode.
    [0024] Preferably, the second plurality of control modes comprises a power factor control mode, a reactive power control mode, a voltage control mode, a static voltage / reactive power control mode, a power factor / active power control, a reactive power control mode with an active power output approximately equal to zero, a limited apparent power production mode and a reactive power standby mode.
    [0025] In some modalities, the first plurality of control modes may comprise a subset of these control modes, while other modalities will comprise all of them. Likewise, in some modalities, the second plurality of control modes comprises only a subset of the control modes mentioned above.
    [0026] In a preferred modality, the first and / or the second plurality of control modes comprise at least the control modes required by an international standard, such as a standard of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
    [0027] In a more preferred modality, the first and / or second plurality of control modes also comprise the control modes required by one or more national standards of at least one country, and more preferably of two or more countries. In this way, the system of the present invention can be implemented in wind farms in different countries without having to adapt the first and / or the second plurality of control modes to each specific country.
    [0028] Preferably, at least two control modes selected in one of the first regulator and the second regulator are implemented at the same time. This situation arises when the control system compatibility unit of the management system determined that these modes are not only compatible but that they can be executed simultaneously in a specific regulator without conflicting with each other.
    [0029] In some modalities, these at least two control modes selected are control modes of the first regulator. In addition, one of these at least two control modes is the active power frequency control mode or the limited active power production mode.
    [0030] In other modalities, these at least two control modes selected are control modes of the second regulator and, preferably, one of these at least two control modes is the limited apparent power production mode.
    [0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the management system suspends the implementation of one of the two selected control modes when the other of the two selected control modes is implemented in the same regulator. In this case, the control mode compatibility unit causes one of the two control modes to be in a "sleep mode" while the other control mode is running on a specific regulator to avoid conflicts between them.
    [0032] In one of these modalities, one of these two control modes selected is preferably the reactive power control mode when the production of active power is approximately equal to zero.
    [0033] Preferably, the control mode prioritization unit gives priority to the control modes selected from the first regulator over the control modes selected from the second regulator.
    [0034] In some modalities, the unit of prioritization of control modes gives priority to the inertial emulation mode over any other control mode selected from the first regulator.
    [0035] In some modalities, it is advantageous that the control mode prioritization unit gives priority to the limited apparent power production mode over any other control mode selected from the second regulator.
    [0036] In addition, in some modalities it is advantageous that the control mode prioritization unit determines the priority of a control mode selected according to an electrical variable in the electrical network.
    [0037] The wind power plant can optionally comprise a substation transformer arranged between the plurality of wind turbine generators and the electrical network. In some embodiments, the set point of the first regulator or the second regulator can be advantageously located at the point of coupling common to the electrical network. However, in other modalities, this regulation point can be located on the high voltage (HV) side or alternatively, on the medium voltage (MV) side of the substation transformer.
    [0038] The wind power plant may also comprise a supervisory and data acquisition unit. This unit advantageously detects one or more values from a plurality of electrical variables at a measurement point in the electrical network.
    [0039] In some modalities, the setpoint of the first regulator and the second regulator is different from that measurement point. Preferably, the set point and the measurement point are separated by a transformer or a line. In such cases, the first regulator and the second regulator must take into account the active power consumption and the production / reactive power consumption of these elements to regulate the required point of the electrical network.
    [0040] In one mode, the first and / or the second regulator are integrated in this supervision and data acquisition unit. This is advantageous when the reconfigurable power plant controller does not require a fast response time.
    [0041] However, in another modality, the first and / or the second regulator are integrated in different hardware to this supervisory and data acquisition unit. This alternative is preferred when the reconfigurable power plant controller requires fast response time.
    [0042] In the context of the present application, a fast response time refers preferably to a reaction time of two seconds, or less, and to a stabilization time of ten seconds, or less.
    [0043] Preferably, the management system also comprises: - a local programming means adapted to program the reconfigurable power plant controller according to command signals received from the supervisory and data acquisition unit; - a remote programming means adapted to program the reconfigurable power plant controller according to command signals received from a transmission system operator via digital signals or communications; and - an automatic programming means adapted to program the reconfigurable power plant controller according to calculations performed with the values of a plurality of electrical variables in the electrical network or according to a planning.
    [0044] A method for configuring, commissioning and operating a wind power plant comprising a plurality of wind turbine generators that are operatively connected to an electrical network, and a reconfigurable power plant controller is also part of the present invention . It comprises the steps of: - providing a first regulator to regulate the active power at a regulation point of the electric network according to one or more control modes that can be selected from a first plurality of control modes; - provide a second regulator to regulate at least one electrical variable of the group formed by the voltage, the power factor and the reactive power at a regulation point of the electric network according to one or more control modes that can be selected from a second plurality of control modes; - configure the reconfigurable power plant controller to define its configuration; - commission the reconfigurable power plant controller to start operating according to the predefined configuration; - dynamically determine the control modes of the first plurality and the second plurality of control modes that must be selected simultaneously at any given time and the parameterization of these control modes according to the values of a plurality of electrical variables in the electrical network, command or planning; - determine, according to a predefined compatibility table, the compatibility of any new control mode that will be selected in one of the first plurality and the second plurality of control modes with the currently selected control modes; - select any new compatible control mode in one of the first and second regulators; - establish a priority sequence for the selected control modes according to a predefined set of priority rules; and - configure the first and second regulators to implement the selected control modes according to the established priority sequence.
    [0045] Preferably, the step of configuring the reconfigurable power plant controller to define its configuration comprises the steps of: - selecting a power grid code depending on the geographic region where the wind power plant is installed; - determine the control modes required for the first plurality and for the second plurality of control modes depending on the selection of the mains code; - define the behavior and parameterization of each of the required control modes; - define a compatibility table between the required control modes; and - define a set of priority rules among the required control modes that can be selected simultaneously.
    [0046] In addition, the step of commissioning the reconfigurable power plant controller to start operating according to the predefined configuration preferably comprises the steps of: - communicating with the transmission system operator; - apply the configuration to the reconfigurable power plant controller; - start operating the wind power plant; and - validate the performance of the selected control modes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [0047] The following will describe some preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the attached figures. They are provided for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the invention.
    [0048] Figure 1 presents a block diagram of a system for configuring, commissioning and operating a wind power plant according to the present invention.
    [0049] Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a modality of a reconfigurable power plant controller.
    [0050] Figure 3 presents a flow diagram referring to the method for configuring, commissioning and operating a wind power plant according to the present invention.
    [0051] Figure 4 shows a one-step flow diagram as an example to configure the reconfigurable power plant controller to define its configuration.
    [0052] Figure 5 shows a one-step flow diagram as an example to commission the reconfigurable power plant controller to start operating according to the predefined configuration.
    [0053] Figure 6 presents a flow diagram that illustrates a first example of the reconfigurable power plant controller during operation.
    [0054] Figure 7 shows a flow diagram with an alternative example of the reconfigurable power plant controller during operation. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
    [0055] Figure 1 shows a system modality for configuring, commissioning and operating a wind power plant of the present invention, which comprises a reconfigurable power plant controller (100). The wind power plant comprises a plurality of wind turbine generators (WTG) operatively connected to an electrical network (not shown) and to substation auxiliary equipment (FACTS), and may also include capacitor batteries or bypass reactors.
    [0056] The reconfigurable power plant controller (100) comprises a first regulator (101) to regulate the active power at a mains regulation point according to one or more control modes that can be selected from a first plurality control modes that integrate all control modes necessary to control electrical variables according to mains codes and other specifications related to the active power regulation ring. In the example in Figure 1, the first plurality of control modes includes; an available active power mode (available P), a ramp rate limiting mode, a delta control mode, a balance control mode, an active power limited production mode (limited P), a control mode active power frequency (Pf control) and an inertia emulation mode.
    [0057] In addition, the reconfigurable power plant controller (100) comprises a second regulator (102) to regulate at least one electrical variable of the group formed by the voltage, the power factor and the reactive power at a regulation point of the electrical network according to one or more control modes that can be selected from a second plurality of control modes that integrate all the control modes necessary to control electrical variables according to electrical network codes and other specifications related to the control ring reactive power. In this particular example, the second plurality of control modes includes: a power factor control mode (PF control), a reactive power control mode, a voltage control mode (V control), a static control mode voltage / reactive power (Q / V control), a power factor / active power control mode (PF / P control), a reactive power control mode with an active power output approximately equal to zero (power control) Q with P = O), an apparent power limited production mode (limited S) and a reactive power standby mode (Q standby).
    [0058] In particular, the second regulator (102) can preferably work with some, or even all, of the following devices; wind turbine generators (WTG), substation auxiliary equipment (FACTS), capacitor batteries, bypass reactors, on-load switching (or OLTC) switches, electrical measuring devices, a communications system and control hardware. Since these devices produce (or consume) reactive power, it is advantageous that the second regulator can operate taking these devices into account.
    [0059] The reconfigurable power plant controller (100) further comprises a management system (103) operatively connected to the first regulator (101) and the second regulator (102). The management system (103) can configure the wind power plant, commission the plant according to a specific local network code, and control the operation of the plant by dynamically determining the control modes that are selected simultaneously at a specific time in the first and the second regulator and the parameterization of these control modes according to the values of a plurality of electrical variables of the electrical network, command signals or a planning. Command signals can be sent locally from a supervisory and data acquisition unit (SCADA) or remotely from the transmission system operator (TSO).
    [0060] The management system (103) comprises a control mode compatibility unit (104) to take care of the compatibility between the control modes of the two regulators (101,102) according to a predefined compatibility table.
    Table 1: Compatibility table for the control modes of the first regulator (active power regulation ring)
    Table 2: Compatibility table for the control modes of the second regulator (reactive power regulation ring).
    [0061] The previous Tables 1 and 2 present an example of a compatibility table between the control modes of the first regulator (101) and between those of the second regulator (102). In addition, in this example, any control mode of the first controller (101) can be selected and implemented at the same time with any control mode of the second controller (102).
    [0062] Each cell in these tables indicates the compatibility between pairs of control modes. When a pair of control modes is not compatible (that is, the two control modes cannot be selected), this is indicated with an "N". The pairs that can be selected and implemented simultaneously are indicated with an "Y", while the pairs that can be selected but cannot be implemented simultaneously are indicated with an "S". In the latter case, when a control mode is implemented, the other control mode is suspended ("sleep mode") to avoid conflicts between them.
    [0063] In addition, the management system (100) comprises a control mode prioritization unit (105) which establishes, according to a predefined set of priority rules, the sequence, with the selected control modes being implemented in the first and in the second regulator (101,102).
    [0064] In some modalities, the control mode prioritization unit (105) uses a set of priority rules that comprise one or more of the following: - the control modes of the first regulator have priority, by default, over the modes control modes of the second regulator, - all control modes of the second regulator can be implemented at the same time as the control modes of the first regulator, except the control mode "Q with P = 0 if P # 0, - the mode inertia emulation always takes priority over any other control mode of the first regulator, - the Pf control mode has priority over available P, ramp restriction, delta control, balance control, but not limited P, - among the control modes of the first regulator that are implemented at the same time, the minimum value of the active power has priority, - the limited S control mode has priority over other control modes of the second regulator, and - the control mode Q c om P-0 takes precedence over the other modes of the second regulator only when P = 0 (where P = 0 indicates that the wind farm is not operational).
    [0065] In some modalities, the control modes of the first regulator (101) and the second regulator (102) are compatible with environmental protection systems at the wind farm level, such as ice detection systems, swirl elimination systems, shadow control systems and noise reduction systems.
    [0066] In these modalities, the control mode prioritization unit (105) gives priority, by default, to environmental protection systems over the control modes of the first regulator (101) and the second regulator (102),
    [0067] In a preferred mode, the control modes selected in the first regulator (101) comprise the active power frequency control mode and at least one of the available active power mode and the inertia emulation mode.
    [0068] In another preferred mode, the first regulator (101) selects the delta control mode and the second regulator (102) selects the limited production mode of apparent power.
    [0069] Finally, when it is requested to change the control mode, the management system (103) can also preferably take care of the transitions between the control modes in a stable manner, avoiding crosses by zero or unnecessary oscillations.
    [0070] Referring now to Figure 2, a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of a reconfigurable power plant controller (200) is presented, comprising a first regulator (PFi) and a second regulator (QVi). A management system (201) is operatively connected to both regulators to dynamically determine the control modes selected in the regulators.
    [0071] The management system (201) comprises a local programming medium (202) that allows programming the reconfigurable central controller according to command signals that a user can send to the local programming medium (202) by means of a control unit. supervision and data acquisition (SCADA) of the wind power plant. The management system (201) also comprises a remote programming means (203) to allow such programming, but this time in function of command signals received from an operator of the transmission system through digital signals or communications.
    [0072] The command signals received by the local programming means (202) or by the remote programming means (203) can relate to one or more of the following: - a request to select or not to select a control mode of a between the first controller (PFi) and the second controller (QVi), - a change in a reference value for a selected control mode, or - a change in the parameterization of the selected control mode.
    [0073] Finally, the management system (201) further comprises an automatic programming means (204) for programming the reconfigurable power plant controller. Such automatic programming can be based on calculations performed with the values of a plurality of electrical variables of the electrical network (for example, the selection of a control mode can be carried out automatically when a parametric variable reaches a certain reference value, which it can also be defined in a parametric way) or be based on a schedule (for example, set a date and time and a given control mode will be selected).
    [0074] The management system (201) comprises a selector (205) to determine which of the three programming means (202, 203, 204) is operatively connected at a time given to the first and second regulators (PFi, QVi ). Such selector (205) is advantageously controlled by the user from the supervisory and data acquisition unit (SCADA). In some examples, it is determined by default that the selector (205) operatively connects the local programming medium (202) to the first and second regulators (PFi, QVi).
    [0075] Figure 3 illustrates a flow diagram with the method for configuring, commissioning and operating a wind power plant of the present invention. One method (300) comprises the steps of: - configuring the reconfigurable power plant controller (301); - start the system (302), - integrate a first regulator associated with the active power ring and a second regulator associated with the reactive power ring and dynamically address the compatibility and priorities between the control modes (303), and - controlling the operation of the wind power plant with this reconfigurable power plant controller (303). Referring now to Figure 4, a flow diagram is presented that illustrates an example implementation of the configuration of the reconfigurable power plant controller. In particular, the step of configuring this controller (400) comprises: - providing the reconfigurable power plant controller in a wind power plant (401), - selecting a power grid code (402) depending on the geographic region in which the wind power plant is installed, - determine the required control modes (403) for the first and second plurality of control modes necessary to satisfy the requirements of the selected mains code, - define the system behavior for the modes control requirements and their parameterization (404), - define a compatibility table between the required control modes (405), and - define a set of priority rules among the required control modes that can be selected simultaneously (406) .
    [0076] If, for example, the Irish grid code is selected, then it is necessary to comply with the normative documents EIRGRID Grid Code v3.4 and ESB Networks Distribution Code v2.0 which means that the first plurality of modes of control requires at least the available P mode, ramp restriction, balance control and Pf control, and the second plurality of control modes requires at least PF control, V control, static V / Q control and the Q standby control.
    [0077] In Figure 4, the step of configuring the reconfigurable power plant controller (400) also comprises setting electrical parameter values that imply a change in a currently selected control mode or a reference value used in a control mode. control (407). These values can refer to power grid states, wind power plant states or transmission system operator requirements, and allowing the wind power plant to work automatically and in real time. In addition, it is necessary to define the behavior of the system in relation to a change in control mode.
    [0078] Finally, the step of configuring the reconfigurable power plant controller can optionally comprise verifying the configuration (408) to ensure the correct initialization of the system.
    [0079] Figure 5 illustrates through a flow diagram a possible implementation of the step of commissioning the reconfigurable power plant controller. This start of the controller service (500) comprises communicating with the transmission system operator (501), applying the configuration to the reconfigurable power plant controller (502) and starting its operation, and validating the performance of the selected controls (503).
    [0080] When the configuration is applied to the controller (502), it is possible to make changes in the control modes and their parameterization. These changes can be made in real time by means of command signals sent by the transmission system operator (TSO). Alternatively, these changes can be made automatically, for example, through planning.
    [0081] In addition, the step of commissioning the reconfigurable power plant controller (500) shown in Figure 5 also includes adjusting the parameterization of the selected control modes (504). This adjustment can be made, for example, in response to an unsatisfactory performance of the control modes after its validation (503).
    [0082] A modality of the power plant controller reconfigurable during operation is represented by the flow diagram of Figure 6.
    [0083] During the operation of the wind power plant, the transmission system operator (TSO) can send a command signal to the reconfigurable power plant controller (WPPC) via, for example, the supervision and acquisition unit of data (SCADA). SCADA receives the command signal and a first decision means (601) determines whether the incoming command signal is addressed to the reconfigurable power plant controller (WPPC) and, if so, the command signal is addressed to the control system. management (MS).
    [0084] In the management system (MS), the control mode compatibility unit determines the compatibility of any control mode requested in the command signal with the currently selected control modes. In addition, a second decision means (602) establishes whether the command signal is directed to the first regulator (PFi) or the second regulator (QVi).
    [0085] Then, a third decision medium (603) and a fourth decision medium (604) determine whether to apply a change in one of the two regulators (PFi, QVi) affects the current functioning of the other. With this information, the control mode prioritization unit can establish the sequence and the selected control modes will be implemented in the regulators (PFi, QVi). Finally, the management system (MS) consequently updates the configuration of a single regulator or both regulators.
    [0086] In the following paragraphs, some specific examples are provided to better illustrate the operation of the reconfigurable power plant controller that forms part of the system according to the present invention.
    [0087] In a first example, the wind power plant is already in operation. The first regulator (PFi) is currently implementing delta control, while the second regulator (QVi) is currently implementing Q control.
    [0088] Due to a short circuit in an overhead line near the wind power plant, the transmission system operator (TSO) sends a command signal to the wind power plant to limit the maximum apparent power that can be produced. . The transmission system operator (TSO) can send that command signal to the wind power plant operator to program the reconfigurable power plant controller locally or, alternatively, he can send that command signal directly to the wind farm controller. reconfigurable power using a defined remote programming protocol.
    [0089] The supervisory and data acquisition unit (SCADA) receives the command signal and the first decision means (601) establishes that it is related to the reconfigurable power plant controller (WPPC) and, therefore, the signal command arrives at the management system (MS).
    [0090] The management system (MS) analyzes the compatibility of the new control mode to be selected (that is, S limitation) with the currently selected control modes (that is, Q control and delta control). If, for example, Tables 1 and 2 are used to define the compatibility table, then the three modes can be selected simultaneously.
    [0091] Once the compatibility between the modes has been established, the second means of decision (602) determines that the command signal, in particular the apparent power limitation, is addressed to the second regulator (QVi).
    [0092] Then, the third means of decision (603) determines whether this new control mode affects the first regulator (PFi). In fact, this is so since the apparent power is affected by the active power. The management system needs to establish a priority sequence according to some predefined rules with the delta control going first, the apparent power limitation going second and the Q control taking the last place.
    [0093] As an alternative to this same example, the management system can act as illustrated in the flow diagram of Figure 7, where once the third decision means (603) determines that a command signal addressed to the second regulator ( QVi) also affects the first regulator (PFi), the fourth decision medium (604) establishes whether the necessary changes regarding the configuration of the first regulator (PFi) involve an additional change in the configuration of the second regulator (QVi). Thus, and to guarantee the compatible functioning of the two regulators, the changes applied in the configuration of the second regulator (QVi) may be different from what was requested with the command signal.
    [0094] In a second example, the wind turbine generators of a wind power plant are working thanks to the wind with a power reserve of approximately 700 kW.
    [0095] In the reconfigurable power plant controller (WPPC), the first regulator (PFi) is currently implementing the P-f control, while the second regulator (QVi) is implementing the Q control with a reference value set relative to the generators 250 kVAr wind turbine.
    [0096] In the event of a sudden drop in frequency in the power grid, the first regulator (PFi) can set a reference value for wind turbine generators to increase the active power produced up to 800 kW, reducing the active power reserve.
    [0097] However, since the PQTV curves of wind turbine generators indicate that 800 kW and 250 kVAr cannot be produced at the same time, the management system defines the priority sequence, and implementing control modes in the first regulator (PFi) and the second controller (QVi) depending on a predefined parameterization.
    [0098] In another additional example of a system according to the present invention, a wind power plant used in the United Kingdom is designed to implement different control modes at the same time.
    [0099] In particular, the first regulator (PFi) can select control modes from a first plurality of control modes comprising the available P mode, ramp restriction, delta control, balance control, mode of limited P, Pf control and inertia emulation. In addition, the second regulator (QVi) can select control modes from a second plurality of control modes comprising PF control, Q control and VQ static control.
    [00100] Since at some point more than one control mode can be selected in each regulator, the management system (MS) must resolve the prioritization of the currently selected control modes and ensure the correct operation of the wind power plant. That is, the wind power plant must meet the national grid requirements defined by the United Kingdom.
    [00101] For example, it may be necessary, at a certain time, that the first regulator (PFi) of the reconfigurable power plant controller (WPPC) limit the active power ramps (that is, ramp restriction), regulate Pf and emulate inertia.
    [00102] The management system (MS) verifies, according to a predefined compatibility table (for example, Table 1), that the three control modes can be selected simultaneously, although the inertia emulation cannot be implemented simultaneously with the restriction ramp and with the Pf control. Then, the management system (MS) establishes a priority sequence according to some predefined rules, with emulation of inertia having priority over the other two control modes.
    [00103] Generally, all terms used in the claims must be interpreted according to their usual meaning in the technical field unless expressly stated otherwise. In addition, singular references (for example, "one", "one", "first", "second") do not exclude a plurality. Furthermore, the steps of any method disclosed in this document do not have to be carried out in order exactly described, unless expressly specified.
    [00104] Even though the invention has been described in relation to specific examples that include currently preferred ways of carrying out the invention, Those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are numerous variations and permutations of the system and method described above, including the replacement of specific elements by others technically equivalent, without departing from the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. System for configuring, commissioning and operating a wind power plant that features a plurality of wind turbine generators (WTG) that are operatively connected to an electrical network, the system, including a reconfigurable power plant controller (100 , 200, WPPC) characterized by the fact that it comprises a first regulator (101, PFi) to regulate the active power at a power grid regulation point according to one or more control modes selectable from a first plurality of control modes , a second regulator (102, QVi) to regulate at least one electrical variable of the group formed by the voltage, the power factor and the reactive power at a regulation point of the electrical network according to one or more control modes selectable from a second plurality of control modes and a management system (103, 201, MS) operatively connected to the first regulator and the second regulator that dynamically determines the control modes that are selected simultaneously at any time in the first and second regulators and the parameterization of these control modes according to the values of a number of electrical variables in the electrical network, command signals or a planning, and the control system The management unit comprises a control mode compatibility unit (104) which determines, according to a predefined compatibility table, the compatibility of any new control mode to be selected in one of the first and second regulators with the currently selected control modes. ; and a control mode prioritization unit (105) which establishes, according to a predefined set of priority rules, the sequence, with the selected control modes being implemented in the first and second regulators.
    [0002]
    2. System according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first plurality of control modes comprises an available active power mode, a ramp rate limiting mode, a delta control mode, a balance, a limited active power production mode, an active power frequency control mode and an inertia emulation mode.
    [0003]
    3. System according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the second plurality of control modes comprises a power factor control mode, a reactive power control mode, a voltage control mode, a static voltage / reactive power control mode, a power factor / active power control mode, a reactive power control mode with an active power output approximately equal to zero, a limited apparent power production mode and a reactive power standby mode.
    [0004]
    4. System according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that at least two control modes, selected from the first regulator (101, PFI) and the second regulator (102, QVi) are implemented at the same time , and preferably, at least one of the two control modes is the active power frequency control mode, the active power limited production mode or the apparent power limited production mode.
    [0005]
    5. System according to any of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that the management system (103, 201, MS) suspends the implementation of one of the two selected control modes, while the other, of the two selected control modes , is implemented in the same regulator, and preferably one of the two control modes selected is the reactive power control mode when the production of active power is approximately equal to zero,
    [0006]
    6. System according to any of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that the control mode prioritization unit (105) gives priority to the control modes selected from the first regulator (101, PFi) over the control modes selected from the second regulator (102, QVi).
    [0007]
    7. System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the control mode prioritization unit (105) gives priority to the inertia emulation mode over any other control mode selected from the first regulator (101, PFi ); and / or the control mode prioritization unit (105) gives priority to the limited apparent power production mode over any other control mode selected from the second regulator (102, QVi); and / or the control mode prioritization unit (105) establishes the priority of a control mode selected according to an electrical variable in the electrical network.
    [0008]
    8. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the wind power plant comprises a substation transformer arranged between the plurality of wind turbine generators (WTG) and the electric grid, and the point of regulation of the first regulator or the second regulator is at the common mains connection point.
    [0009]
    9. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the wind power plant comprises a supervisory and data acquisition unit (SCADA), with that unit detecting one or more values, of a number of electrical variables at a measurement point of the electrical network, and, optionally, the set point of the first regulator (101, PFi) and the second regulator (102, QVi) is different from the measurement point.
    [0010]
    10. System according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the management system (201) further comprises a local programming means (202) adapted to program the reconfigurable power plant controller (200) based on command signals received from the supervisory and data acquisition unit (SCADA), a remote programming means (203) adapted to program the reconfigurable power plant controller (200) according to command signals received from an operator transmission system, through digital signals or communications, and an automatic programming means (204) adapted to program the reconfigurable power plant controller (200) in function of calculations performed with the values of a number of electrical variables of the electric network or based on a schedule.
    [0011]
    11. System according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the control modes selected in the first regulator (101, PFi) comprise the active power frequency control mode and at least one among the control mode. available active power and inertia emulation mode.
    [0012]
    12. System according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the delta control mode is selected in the first regulator (101, PFi) and the limited apparent power production mode is selected in the second regulator (102 , QVi).
    [0013]
    13. Method for configuring, commissioning and operating a wind power plant comprising a plurality of wind turbine generators (WTG) that are operatively connected to a power grid and a reconfigurable power plant controller (100, 200, WPPC ), characterized by the fact that the method comprises the steps of: - providing a first regulator (101, PFi) to regulate the active power in a regulation point of the electric network according to one or more control modes selectable from a first plurality of control modes; - make available a second regulator (102, QVi) to regulate at least one electrical variable of the group formed by the voltage, the power factor and the reactive power at a regulation point of the electric network according to one or more control modes selectable from a second plurality of control modes; - configure the reconfigurable power plant controller to define its configuration (400); - commission the reconfigurable power plant controller to start operating according to the predefined configuration (500); - dynamically determine the control modes of the first plurality and the second plurality of control modes that must be selected simultaneously at any time and the parameterization of these control modes according to the values of a plurality of electrical network variables, command or planning; - determine, according to a predefined compatibility table, the compatibility of any new control mode that will be selected in one of the first plurality and the second plurality of control modes with the currently selected control modes; - select any new compatible control mode in one of the first and second regulators (101, PFi, 102, QVi); - establish a priority sequence for the selected control modes according to a predefined set of priority rules; and - configure the first and second regulators (101, PFi, 102, QVi) to implement the selected control modes according to the established priority sequence.
    [0014]
    14. Method according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the step of configuring the reconfigurable power plant controller to define its configuration comprises the steps of: - selecting an electrical network code (402) according to the region geographic location of the wind power plant; - determine the required control modes (403) for the first plurality and for the second plurality of control modes depending on the selection of the mains code; - define the behavior and parameterization of each of the required control modes (404); - define a compatibility table between the required control modes (405); and - define a set of priority rules among the required control modes that can be selected simultaneously (406).
    [0015]
    15. Method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by the fact that the commissioning step of the reconfigurable power plant controller to start operation according to the predefined configuration, comprises the steps of: - communicating with the system operator transmission (501); - apply the configuration to the reconfigurable power plant controller (502); - start operating the wind power plant; and - validate the performance of the selected control modes (503).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2654165B1|2017-08-02|
    CN103378605A|2013-10-30|
    EP2654165A1|2013-10-23|
    ES2428407R1|2013-12-02|
    ES2428407B1|2014-09-16|
    BR102013009368A2|2015-10-13|
    US20130272844A1|2013-10-17|
    US9091245B2|2015-07-28|
    ES2647323T3|2017-12-20|
    CN103378605B|2017-04-12|
    ES2428407A2|2013-11-07|
    PL2654165T3|2018-02-28|
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    法律状态:
    2015-10-13| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-12-03| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-05-05| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-10-27| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 17/04/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201200404A|ES2428407B1|2012-04-17|2012-04-17|System and procedure to configure, commission and control the operation of a wind power plant|
    ESP201200404|2012-04-17|
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