• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    maaier een maaierframe (2) en een langweipig sikketmes (3) bevat die langs een voorrand van de maaier zijn aangebracht, waarbij de maaier verder een actuator (17, 18) bevat voor het heen-en-weer bewegen van het langwerpige sikkelmes (3) in zijn overlangse richting ten opzichte van het maaierframe (2) tussen een eerste positie en een tweedepositie via een tussenliggende positie,waarbij accumulatievoorzieningen(12) zich uitstrekken tussen het maaierframe (2) en het langwerpige sikkeimes (3) om energie te accumuleren tijdens een eerste beweging van het langwerpige sikkelmes (3) vanuit de tussenliggende positie naar minstens één van de eerste positie en de tweede positie, en om de geaccumuleerde energie vrij te geven tijdens een tweede beweging van het langwerpige sikkelmes (3) in tegengestelde richting van de eerste beweging. Mower for an agricultural vehicle (1), the ^ Hfr (rt mower includes a mower frame (2) and an oblong knife blade (3) arranged along a front edge of the mower, the mower further comprising an actuator (17, 18) for reciprocating the elongated knife blade (3) ) in its longitudinal direction with respect to the mower frame (2) between a first position and a second position via an intermediate position, wherein accumulation provisions (12) extend between the mower frame (2) and the elongated goose blades (3) to accumulate energy during a first movement of the elongated sickle knife (3) from the intermediate position to at least one of the first position and the second position, and to release the accumulated energy during a second movement of the elongated sickle knife (3) in the opposite direction of the first move.
    公开号:BE1022624B1
    申请号:E2015/5193
    申请日:2015-03-27
    公开日:2016-06-17
    发明作者:Dré W.J. Jongmans；Bart M.A. Missotten；Frederik Tallir；Willem Vandamme
    申请人:Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    LONG-TERMED SICKLE KNIFE
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    This invention relates to a mower for an agricultural vehicle, wherein the mower comprises a mower frame and an elongated sickle knife arranged along a front edge of the mower. In addition, the mower further comprises an actuator for moving the elongated sickle knife back and forth in its longitudinal direction relative to the mower frame.
    Such mowers are known and are widely used for harvesting harvesting material with a harvesting machine. Sickle knives have been used for many years to cut plants including, but not limited to, hay, grasses, small grains, and the like. The knives usually contain an elongated metal sickle bar, with a series of knife sections attached according to their length. The sickle bar normally slides along the mower frame, which contains protective caps that are bolted to the mower frame. The sickle bar and mower frame are oriented so that they extend sideways along a forward edge portion of the combine. The sickle bar with the knife sections back and forth between the protective caps so that the leading edge of the knife sections cross the protective caps or insert through slots in the protective caps. This results in a scissor movement that cuts off the stems of plants and stems / culms or other material that ends up between the knives and the protective caps. The sickle bar is usually moved back and forth by an actuator, which may include, but is not limited to, an eccentric shaft or a rotating hub, a wobble drive, or a similar known, commercially available device. The sickle bar can weigh up to 30 kilograms or more, and is usually accelerated and decelerated twice per cycle due to the reciprocating movement. In addition, a typical speed for the sickle bar is max. 16 hertz, i.e. 16 cycles per second. The high-frequency reciprocating movement generates high acceleration values and high deceleration values that generate high forces on structural components.
    Patent US 2005/0109005 seeks to reduce the forces on structural components and describes a sickle bar consisting of two segments, each equal to one half of the lateral size of the mower, driven by reciprocating devices be timed so that the sickle bars move in opposite directions. In addition, patent US 2005/0109005 describes a mechanism that makes it possible to obtain this opposite direction of movement in an efficient manner. Because the sickle bar contains two segments that move in opposite directions, the acceleration values and the forces on the structural components are reduced.
    It is an object of this invention to further reduce forces on structural parts of the mower resulting from the acceleration and deceleration of the elongated sickle knife.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    To this end, the present invention provides a mower for an agricultural vehicle, wherein the mower comprises a mower frame and an elongated sickle knife disposed along a front edge of the mower, the mower further comprising an actuator for reciprocating the elongated sickle knife in its longitudinal direction relative to the mower frame between a first position and a second position via an intermediate position, wherein accumulation provisions extend between the mower frame and the elongated sickle knife to accumulate energy during a first movement of the elongated sickle knife from the intermediate position to at least one of the first position and the second position, and to release the accumulated energy during a second movement of the elongated sickle knife in the opposite direction of the first movement.
    The invention is based on the insight that most of the forces on the structural parts of the mower are the result of accelerating and decelerating the elongated sickle knife, while only a small part of the forces on the structural parts is a result of effectively cutting through the elongated sickle knife. The accumulation arrangements extend between the elongated sickle blade and the mower, and are suitable for accumulating energy from the elongated sickle blade when the elongated sickle blade is delayed by the actuator. The accumulated energy is then released to the elongated sickle knife in that part of the movement in which the actuator accelerates the elongated sickle knife. In this way, the accumulation provisions cooperate with the actuator to accelerate and decelerate the elongated sickle knife, thereby considerably reducing the forces exerted on actuator members for reciprocating the elongated sickle knife. Tests have shown that the structural component that is the most heavily loaded during the movement of the elongated sickle knife is the connection point between the elongated sickle knife and the actuator. This connection point is relieved at least in part as the accumulation provisions help in speeding up and slowing down the elongated sickle knife. In addition, it will be appreciated that the accumulation provisions accumulate energy by converting the kinetic energy of the elongated sickle knife into potential energy in the accumulator. When energy is released by the accumulator, the potential energy in the accumulation arrangements is converted again into kinetic energy of the elongated sickle knife.
    Preferably, the first movement comprises a first part in which the elongated sickle knife moves from the intermediate position to the first position, and comprises a second part in which the elongated sickle knife moves from the intermediate position to the second position, and wherein the accumulation provisions accumulate energy in both the first and the second part of the first movement, and wherein the second movement comprises corresponding parts that are opposite to the first and second part of the first movement. In a cycle of the reciprocating movement of the elongated sickle knife, two partial movements can be identified in which the elongated sickle knife is accelerated, and two partial movements can be identified in which the elongated sickle knife is delayed. According to the preferred embodiments, the accumulation provisions are suitable for accumulating energy in both partial movements in which the elongated sickle knife slows, the first part being that in which the elongated sickle knife moves from the intermediate position to the first position and the second part that in which the elongated sickle knife of the intermediate position moves to the second position. Moreover, according to the preferred embodiment, the accumulating means releases energy in both parts of the movement in which the elongated sickle knife accelerates, namely the corresponding parts opposite the first and second part of the first movement. In this preferred embodiment, the structural components of the mower are relieved in all acceleration and deceleration movements of the elongated sickle bar.
    The accumulation provisions preferably consist of at least one spring element. A spring element exists in several forms, types and strengths. Types of springs include leaf springs and coil springs. Spiral springs can work in one direction (single acting), pulling or pressing, or can work in two directions (double acting), pulling and pressing. In addition, springs can have different strengths (spring constants), ranging from less than 1 N per m to several thousand N per m. Spring elements are optimized to convert kinetic energy into potential energy and vice versa. By using at least one spring element, the elongated sickle knife is under spring pressure in at least one position through the spring elements, preferably both in the first position and in the second position
    The at least one spring element preferably comprises a plurality of spring elements spread in the longitudinal direction of the elongated sickle knife. By providing several spring elements, the total spring force can be distributed over several springs, so that cheaper springs can be used. In addition, springs with lower strength are easier to handle during maintenance. Moreover, by dividing the plurality of springs over the length of the elongated sickle knife, forces on structural components can be further reduced since the effect of the accumulation provisions is spread over the length of the elongated sickle knife. This reduces stresses in the elongated sickle knife resulting from the acceleration and deceleration of the latter.
    The spring elements are preferably arranged on an underside of the mower.
    Harvesting material is cut off at the front of the elongated sickle knife and transported over the elongated sickle knife, so that the bottom of the elongated sickle knife usually contains a space for mounting the spring elements. Tests have shown that spring elements mounted on the underside of the mower can work optimally and are easily accessible for maintenance purposes.
    Preferably, the mower frame comprises a plurality of protective caps extending forwardly from the front edge and distributed along the front edge of the mower, the plurality of protective caps each having a slot and the elongated sickle knife being positioned at least partially through the slots of the plurality of protective caps around the to guide elongated sickle knife in its longitudinal direction. The protective caps have several functions. The first function of the protective cap is, together with the elongated sickle knife, to form a scissor-like cutting mechanism in which stems and culms or other material can be caught between the knives and the protective caps. This greatly facilitates the cutting of the crop material. The second function of the protective caps is to guide the elongated sickle knife in its longitudinal direction, and to prevent the elongated sickle knife from moving in other directions. This function is a result of the fact that the elongated sickle knife is positioned at least partially in the slot of the protective caps, so that the position of the elongated sickle blades is limited. In particular, the elongated sickle blades are prevented from moving forward and upward.
    Preferably, the elongated sickle knife includes a series of knife sections mounted in the longitudinal direction thereof such that a reciprocating movement of the elongated sickle knife leads to a scissor effect whereby plant stems and stems caught between the knives and the guard caps are trapped. cut off. Since the elongated sickle knife contains a series of knife sections, knife sections can be replaced so that maintenance of the elongated sickle knife is facilitated.
    Preferably, the accumulated energy is released during the second movement by accelerating the elongated sickle knife in the second movement. Furthermore, energy is preferably accumulated during the first movement by retarding the elongated sickle knife in the first movement. In this way, during accumulation, kinetic energy in the elongated sickle knife is converted into potential energy in the accumulation arrangements, and during release, potential energy in the accumulator is converted into kinetic energy in the elongated sickle knife.
    The invention further relates to a method for operating a front mower. an agricultural vehicle, characterized in that the mower comprises a mowing stream and an elongated sickle knife arranged along a front edge of the mower, the method comprising the following steps: - moving the elongated sickle knife back and forth in its longitudinal direction relative to the mower frame by an actuator between a first position and a second position via an intermediate position; - accumulating energy in an accumulator arranged between the mower frame and the elongated sickle knife, during a first movement of the elongated sickle knife from the intermediate position to at least one of the first position and the second position, and - releasing accumulated energy during a second movement of the elongated sickle knife in the opposite direction of the first movement.
    The method of the invention relates to a use of the mower of the invention described in detail above. Thus the effects and advantages described with regard to the mower also apply to the method of the invention.
    Preferably, the energy accumulation step includes delaying the elongated sickle knife in the first movement. Furthermore, the step of releasing accumulated energy preferably includes accelerating the elongated sickle knife in the second movement. In this way the kinetic energy is converted into potential energy and vice versa.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Some embodiments of apparatus and / or methods in accordance with embodiments of the present invention will now be described, but only by way of example, and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    Figure 1 shows a side view of a harvesting machine with a mower according to the invention; Figure 2 shows a top view of a mowing section according to an embodiment of the invention;
    Figure 3a shows a cross-section of the mower of Figure 2; and Figure 4 shows a bottom view of a section of a mower according to a further embodiment of the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure 1 shows a schematic front view of a harvesting machine 1 with a mower 2. During operation, the mower 2 is connected to the harvesting machine 1 and extends in a lateral direction thereof. The mower 2 usually contains an elongated sickle knife 3 on a front edge of the mower 2. The elongated sickle knife 3 of the mower 2 is suitable for cutting plant stems and crop stems when the harvesting machine 1 is harvesting in a field with the crop material . Other mowing equipment 4 is suitable for transporting the harvest material that has been cut by the elongated sickle blades 3 to the feed system 5 of the harvest machine 1.
    Figure 2 shows a top view of a section of the elongated sickle knife 3 on an edge of the mower 2. The mower 2 is mainly formed by a mower frame 2, wherein the mower frame 2 is fixedly mounted on the harvesting machine 1. The elongate sickle blade 3 is designed to move back and forth with respect to the mower frame 2 in a transverse direction 6. Thereby, the transverse direction 6 runs transversely to the forward direction of travel of the harvesting machine during operation.
    The elongated sickle knife 3 has a rod 8 which extends essentially over the full length of the elongated sickle knife. The rod 8 may consist of one piece, or may have several segments that are connected to each other. The rod 8 is connected to an actuator 17, for example via an arm 18, which is suitable for reciprocating 7, and which is driven by the actuator 17 to reciprocate the elongated sickle knife 3 in the direction indicated by reference number 6.
    The rod 8 is preferably provided with a plurality of knives 9. These knives 9 are moved back and forth by moving the rod 8 back and forth. Preferably, the mower frame 2 is provided with guard caps 10 extending from the front edge of the mower in a forward direction. The protective caps 10 fixedly attached to the mower co-operate with the knives 9, which move back and forth with respect to the mower, as a scissor that appears to be optimal for cutting off plant stems and stems. The protective caps 10 are preferably mounted on the mower frame by means of bolts 11.
    The accumulation provisions 12 are connected between the elongated sickle knife 3 and the frame 2. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the accumulation provisions 12 are formed by a set of magnets. Thereby, element 13 and element 14 work together as magnets, and element 15 and element 16 also work together as magnets. Magnets 13 and 14 have the same polarization and magnets 15 and 16 also have the same polarization. Due to the fact that they have the same polarization, the magnets attempt to repel each other when they are moved toward each other. This leads to a kinetic energy of the elongated sickle knife 3, which is converted into potential energy between the magnets. In the example of Figure 2, when the elongated sickle knife 3 is moved to the left, the magnets 13 and 14 will be moved closer to each other so that they slow the elongated sickle knife 3, converting the energy into a build-up of a repulsive force between magnets 13 and 14. Once the elongated sickle knife 3 reaches its extreme position on the left, it starts to accelerate to the right, and from that moment on, the repelling force that was built up between magnets 13 and 14 will be released by accelerating the elongated sickle knife 3 to right. In addition, it will be clear that the repelling force forms potential energy. A similar mirrored process will take place when the elongated sickle knife 3 is moved to the right by the magnets 15 and 16. In this way, the accumulation provisions 12 absorb at least a part of the acceleration and deceleration forces, so that these forces are not transferred to the actuator 17 and the driving parts 18 and 19. More specifically, the part 19 connecting the arm 18 of the actuator 17 to the rod of 8 of the elongated sickle knife 3 appears to experience an extremely high load in a conventional arrangement. By relieving this structural component 19 of at least a part of this high load, the reliability of the elongated drive system of the sickle knives thus considerably improves. In the example of Figure 2, the accumulation provisions 12 extend between the frame 2 and the elongated sickle knife 3 in that magnets 13 and 16 are fixedly mounted on the frame 2 while magnets 14 and 15 are arranged on the elongated sickle knife 3. These magnets work together operationally for the accumulation and release of energy. The example of Figure 2 is only one example, and it will be understood that the accumulation provisions 12 may also be formed by other types of accumulators as will be apparent from the following figures.
    Figure 3 shows a cross-section which is indicated by A-A in Figure 2. Figure 3 shows how the shield 10 comprises a slot 20. The elongated sickle knife 3 with the rod 8 and the blades 9 are at least partially in the slot 20 so that the movement of the rod 8 and the blades 9 is limited. In particular, due to the slot 20 extending over at least a part of the blades 9, an upward movement of the blades 9 is prevented. Moreover, since the slot 20 has a predetermined depth, the forward movement of the blades 9 is also prevented. In this way, the elongated sickle knife with the rod 8 and the blades 9 are arranged in a predetermined position relative to the mower while allowing transverse movement. The Figure further shows how the protective caps 10 are connected to the frame 2 by means of bolts 11.
    Figure 4 shows a further embodiment of the invention and shows a bottom side of the mower 2. Figure 4 shows how the accumulation provisions 12 are formed by a plurality of spring elements 21, 2 Γ arranged between the mower frame 2 and the elongated sickle rod 3.
    The spring elements 21, 21 'are formed as spiral springs that extend between the mower frame 2 and the elongated sickle bar 3. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the spring elements 21, 21' extend substantially parallel to the transverse movement of the elongated sickle rod, and are connected in a middle segment to the elongated sickle rod 3, while the end portions of the coil spring 21 are connected to the frame 2. This enables the spring elements 21 to accumulate energy in a movement of the elongated sickle rod from a central position, also called intermediate position, to a left position, also called first position, as well as from the central position to a right position, also called second position. The spring also releases the accumulated energy in the opposite direction. In this way the acceleration and deceleration of the elongated sickle bar are promoted by the accumulation provisions 12. Because several accumulation provisions are arranged and are spread over the length of the elongated sickle bar 3, tensile and pressure stresses in elements of the sickle knife bar can be further reduced. .
    A person skilled in the art will understand that the accumulation provisions 12 can alternatively be formed by other systems that can convert kinetic energy into potential energy and vice versa. Examples of such alternative accumulation devices 12 are hydraulic accumulation devices, pneumatic accumulation devices and electromagnetic accumulation devices. An advantage of the electromagnetic accumulation provisions is that electromagnets are used not only for accumulating and releasing energy, but also for driving, correcting or influencing the movement of the elongated sickle bar 3. This makes a further optimization of the power use for driving of the elongated sickle bar 3 and of forces acting on components of the drive of the elongated sickle bar possible.
    On the basis of the figures and the description, the person skilled in the art will understand the operation and the advantages of the invention and the various embodiments thereof. It should be noted, however, that the description and the figures are solely for the purpose of understanding the invention and not to limit the invention to certain embodiments or examples used herein. It is therefore emphasized that the scope of the invention will only be determined in the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    A mower for an agricultural vehicle (1), characterized in that the mower comprises a mower frame (2) and an elongated sickle knife (3) arranged along a front edge of the mower, the mower further comprising an actuator (17, 18) for reciprocating the elongated sickle knife (3) in its longitudinal direction relative to the mowing frame (2) between a first position and a second position via an intermediate position, accumulation provisions (12) extending between the mowing frame (2) and the elongated sickle knife (3) to accumulate energy during a first movement of the elongated sickle knife (3) from the intermediate position to at least one of the first position and the second position, and to release the accumulated energy during a second movement of the elongated sickle knife (3) in the opposite direction to the first movement.
    [2]
    Mower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first movement comprises a first part in which the elongated sickle knife moves from the intermediate position to the first position, and comprises a second part in which the elongated sickle knife moves from the intermediate position to the second position, and wherein the accumulation provisions (12) accumulate energy in both the first and the second part of the first movement, and wherein the second movement comprises corresponding parts that are opposite to the first and second part of the first movement.
    [3]
    Mower according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the accumulation provisions (12) are in the form of at least one spring element (21).
    [4]
    A mower according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one spring element (21) comprises a plurality of spring elements (21, 21 ") spread in the longitudinal direction of the elongated sickle knife (3).
    [5]
    Mower according to claim 4, characterized in that the spring elements (21) are arranged on a bottom side of the mower.
    [6]
    Mower according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mower frame (2) comprises a plurality of protective caps (10) extending forwardly from the front edge and distributed along the front edge of the mower, the plurality of protective caps (10) each slot (20) and the elongated sickle knife (3) is at least partially positioned through the slots (20) of the plurality of protective caps (10) to guide the elongated sickle knife (3) in its longitudinal direction.
    [7]
    Mower according to claim 6, characterized in that the elongated sickle knife (3) comprises a series of knife sections (9) which are mounted in its longitudinal direction in such a way that reciprocating movement of the elongated sickle knife (3) leads to a scissors effect where plant stems and stems caught between the knives (9) and the protective caps (10) are cut off.
    [8]
    Mower according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the accumulated energy is released during the second movement by accelerating the elongated sickle knife (3) in the second movement.
    [9]
    Mower according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that energy is accumulated during the first movement by retarding the elongated sickle knife (3) in the first movement.
    [10]
    Method for operating a mower for an agricultural vehicle (1), characterized in that the mower comprises a mowing frame (2) and an elongated sickle knife (3) arranged along a front edge of the mower, the method comprising the following steps consists of: - the reciprocating movement of the elongated sickle knife (3) in its longitudinal direction relative to the mowing effect by an actuator (17, 18) between a first position and a second position via an intermediate position, - the accumulation of energy in an accumulator (12) disposed between the mower frame (2) and the elongated sickle knife (3), during a first movement of the elongated sickle knife (3) from the intermediate position to at least one of the first position and the second position and - releasing accumulated energy during a second movement of the elongated sickle knife (3) in the opposite direction to the first movement.
    [11]
    A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the step of accumulating energy consists in slowing the elongated sickle knife (3) in the first movement.
    [12]
    Method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the step of releasing accumulated energy preferably consists in accelerating the elongated sickle knife (3) in the second movement.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US15/080,150| US10653060B2|2015-03-27|2016-03-24|Elongate sickle knife|
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