• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Test bench for a test specimen (7) with an inlet pipe (12), via which an inlet gas (11) to the test specimen (7) is passed, and an exhaust pipe (14), with which exhaust gas (15) from the specimen (7) is derived. The inlet line (12) and the exhaust line (14) are connected via a bypass (8) to a pressure region (17) comprising the test piece (7). Upstream of the pressure region (17), a volumetric flow generator (18) is arranged, which is operable to introduce the inlet gas (11) into the inlet duct (12) with a volumetric flow (Q) exceeding the consumption of the specimen (7). Downstream of the pressure region (17), a suction unit (19) is arranged, which is operable to regulate the pressure prevailing in the pressure region (17) to a simulation pressure (p2). The simulation pressure (p2) can be regulated via a fine regulator (3) arranged in the exhaust gas line (14). The suction unit (19) has a suction pressure control (5) via which a suction pressure (p3) lying below the simulation pressure (p2) can be set.
    公开号:AT520886A1
    申请号:T50063/2018
    申请日:2018-01-24
    公开日:2019-08-15
    发明作者:Ing Michael Tielsch Dipl；Wiederkum Bernd；Ing Dipl (Fh) Ferdinand Mosbacher
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Summary
    Test stand for a test specimen (7) with an inlet line (12) via which an inlet gas (11) is directed to the test specimen (7) and an exhaust gas line (14) with which exhaust gas (15) is derived from the test specimen (7) , The inlet line (12) and the exhaust line (14) are connected via a bypass (8) to a pressure area (17) comprising the test object (7). A volume flow generator (18) is arranged upstream of the pressure area (17) and can be actuated to introduce the inlet gas (11) into the inlet line (12) with a volume flow (Q) exceeding the consumption of the test object (7) and downstream of the pressure area (17 ) a suction unit (19) is arranged which can be actuated in order to regulate the pressure prevailing in the pressure region (17) to a simulation pressure (p 2 ).
    Fig. 1, -121 / 17
    AV-3973 AT
    Test bench for a test object
    The invention relates to a test bench for a test specimen with an inlet line via which an inlet gas is directed to the test specimen and an exhaust line with which exhaust gas is derived from the test specimen.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for setting a simulation pressure according to a simulated altitude in a region of an inlet line for an inlet gas opening into a test specimen and a region of an exhaust line for an exhaust gas adjoining the test specimen.
    Several devices are known in the prior art and are also available on the market, which can be used to simulate environmental conditions in test stands for the respective test specimen which correspond to a simulated altitude. Such test stands are required, for example, for the testing of aircraft or helicopter engines, which are operated at a high altitude in normal operation (apart from take-off, landing and low-altitude flight). Vehicle engines are also tested on such test benches, for example to determine the effect of driving uphill on operational behavior.
    In order to make it easier to distinguish, the present disclosure describes the altitude at which the test bench is located as "ground level", although this designation is purely for reasons of better differentiability and legibility and should not be interpreted restrictively.
    The devices of the prior art work reliably as long as the simulated altitude differs sufficiently from the altitude at which the test stand is located, since a stable overpressure or underpressure is relatively easy to set and regulate. With highly dynamic pressure changes, however, the control accuracy often drops considerably. There is also a “critical pressure range” if the simulated altitude approaches the area of the ground level or is even supposed to cross this area from overpressure to underpressure or vice versa. With the conventional devices of the prior art, such a “crossing” of the ground level is associated with a high technical outlay or cannot be achieved at all. The change from overpressure to underpressure (or vice versa) often requires technical modifications that cannot be carried out during a test run.
    DE 10 2015 102891 A1 discloses a device for height simulation in a measuring stand for an internal combustion engine. A pressure change device is provided in the air supply and the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine, with which / 17
    AV-3973 AT a gas pressure can be set in the intake air or in the exhaust gas according to a simulated height.
    It is an object of the present invention to provide devices and methods with which a pressure simulation according to a defined height profile can be implemented in a technically simple manner with high control accuracy and also in the critical pressure range.
    This object is achieved according to the invention by a test stand of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the inlet line and the exhaust line are connected via a bypass to a pressure region comprising the test object, a volume flow generator being arranged upstream of the pressure region and being operable, the inlet gas being connected to the Introduce consumption of the test specimen volume flow in the inlet line and a downstream of the pressure area, a suction unit is arranged which can be operated to regulate the pressure prevailing in the pressure range to a simulation pressure. The invention enables flexible pressure simulation without interrupting the test run and without corresponding changeover processes.
    In a preferred embodiment according to the invention, the volume flow generator can have a conditioning unit with which an inlet pressure of the inlet gas which is above the simulation pressure can be set, the volume flow being controllable via an inlet gas control element arranged in the inlet line. This allows the required volume flow to be easily adapted to the needs of the test object. In simple embodiments, a blower that produces the inlet pressure can be sufficient as the conditioning unit; if necessary, the conditioning unit can also perform more complex functions, such as regulating the temperature, the gas composition, the humidity, etc.
    In a further advantageous embodiment, the suction unit can have a suction pressure control with which a suction pressure of the exhaust gas which is below the simulation pressure can be generated, a fine regulator being arranged in the exhaust line between the pressure range and the suction pressure control and the simulation pressure in the pressure range being controllable with the fine regulator , This allows the simulation pressure to be set at high speed and control accuracy. The pressure range around the test object can always be controlled with the fine controller between two pressure levels, namely between the inlet pressure that is generated by the conditioning unit and the suction pressure that is generated by the suction pressure control. As a result, the pressure of the simulated altitude can be controlled with a control accuracy of / 172 for both stationary and dynamic test specimen behavior
    Set AV-3973 AT less than +/- 3 mbar. The fine controller can be arranged relatively close to the test object in order to reduce control delays.
    The suction unit can advantageously have a suction pressure control with which the simulation pressure can be regulated in the pressure range. This allows the simulation pressure to be set directly by the suction unit without the need for an additional fine regulator. However, compared to fine control with the fine controller, only a lower control accuracy and speed can be achieved.
    In a further advantageous embodiment, the suction pressure control can have a blower and a pressure control element arranged parallel to it. With this arrangement, either the desired simulation pressure of the simulated altitude can be set directly with the pressure control element, or a suction pressure below the simulation pressure can be applied to the exhaust pipe, the fine control of the simulation pressure then being carried out by the fine controller.
    The test object can advantageously comprise an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell. However, the test bench according to the invention is not limited to these test items, but can be used for any units to be tested which have supply and exhaust air and which can be subjected to pressure changes in use, such as systems and devices which have air cooling.
    The method mentioned at the outset for setting a pressure according to a simulated altitude is characterized according to the invention by the following steps: providing a bypass which connects the inlet line and the exhaust gas line to form a pressure region comprising the test object, regulated introduction of the inlet gas into the inlet line with one of the Consumption of the test sample in excess of the volume flow and regulation of the pressure prevailing in the pressure range to the simulation pressure. Due to this continuous interaction between volume flow control before the test object and pressure control after the test object, high control stability can also be achieved in the critical area near the ambient pressure, i.e. when the simulation pressure changes from a pressure above the ambient pressure to a pressure below the ambient pressure or vice versa.
    The simulation pressure can advantageously be regulated according to a height profile during a test run. The height profile defines a time-variable sequence of different simulation pressures that are set during the test run. This allows complex test runs to be simulated in a test bench, in which, for example, a road trip in mountainous terrain can be reproduced realistically and very precisely for the test object.
    / 17 3 '
    AV-3973 AT
    In an advantageous embodiment, the course of the simulation pressure according to the height profile, based on the height of the test bench, can have overpressure and underpressure phases, so that the method can be carried out independently of the location or ground level (i.e. regardless of the current ambient pressure) of the test bench.
    In a further advantageous embodiment, the gas volume flow can be regulated to a value which is above the maximum air consumption of the test object. This ensures that the test object is always adequately supplied with inlet gas, with the excess gas volume being directed to the exhaust pipe via the bypass. This can prevent exhaust gas from flowing back to the inlet line via the bypass.
    The volume flow can advantageously be regulated to a value which is at least 10% above the maximum air consumption of the test object. This ensures a sufficiently stable flow situation and facilitates control. This value is particularly advantageously at least 25%.
    The present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, which show exemplary, schematic and non-limiting advantageous embodiments of the invention. It shows
    1 shows a schematic representation of a test stand according to the invention and
    Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the test bench according to the invention according to another embodiment.
    1 shows a test bench arrangement with a test specimen 7, to which an inlet gas 11 is fed via an inlet line 12. The exhaust gas 15 generated by the test object 7 is discharged via an exhaust gas line 14. The inlet line 12 and the exhaust line 14 are connected to one another via a bypass 8, so that a pressure region 17 is created around the test object 7, in which a substantially constant pressure prevails. This pressure in the pressure region 17 is referred to below as “simulation pressure” (reference symbol p 2 ). As will be explained in more detail below, this simulation pressure can, according to the invention, be set to any simulated altitude.
    The term “pressure range” refers to the interior of the lines directly connected to the test specimen, which are intended for gas supply and discharge. The "external pressure" (or ambient pressure) actually prevailing in the environment of the test object is generally negligible for these test purposes and it is therefore normally not necessary to house the test object itself in a pressure-controlled housing. Setting the simulation pressure within the lines therefore very realistically simulates the situation at the correspondingly simulated altitude for the test object. The in Fig. 1st
    -45 / 17
    AV-3973 AT shown dashed outline of the print area 17 is thus to be interpreted in the sense of a system boundary and not as a closed space.
    The device under test 7 can be any unit to be tested, which has supply and exhaust air and which can be subjected to pressure changes in use. In particular, the device under test 7 can comprise an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell.
    To provide the inlet gas 11, a volume flow generator 18 is connected to the inlet line 12 upstream of the test specimen. The volume flow generator 18 generates a preferably regulated and possibly constant volume flow Q, under which the inlet gas 11 is introduced into the inlet line 12 and thus into the pressure region 17. The volume flow generator 18 has sufficient power to ensure the volume flow Q of the inlet gas 12 for each simulation pressure p 2 to be set in the pressure range 17. The required volume flow Q is particularly dependent on the consumption of the test object. As a default, the volume flow generator 18 can be designed, for example, to have a value that exceeds the maximum inlet gas consumption of the test specimen by approximately 10%, preferably by approximately 25%. Inlet gas 12, which is not required by the test specimen 7, flows as a bypass flow 20 via the bypass 8 directly to the exhaust line 14 and mixes there with the exhaust gas 15 of the test specimen.
    The exhaust pipe 14 opens into a suction unit 19, which regulates the pressure inside the exhaust pipe 14 (and thus in the pressure region 17) to a simulation pressure p 2 , which corresponds to the pressure of a simulated altitude. Since the volume flow generator 18 feeds the inlet gas 11 into the pressure region 17 with a (preferably regulated and / or constant) volume flow Q, the simulation pressure p2 can be regulated in a very simple, but nevertheless effective and precise manner.
    The pressure in the pressure area 17 can be regulated, for example, during a test run in accordance with a setpoint pressure profile (or height profile). Thus, the simulated altitude can be tracked exactly, for example according to a mountain trip or a flight, and if necessary also adapted to changing weather conditions.
    The continuous interaction between volume flow control before the test specimen and pressure control (overpressure or underpressure) after the test specimen enables precise control stability even in the critical area at the transition from negative pressure to overpressure or vice versa. This means that the control elements maintain their control task for pressure and flow, regardless of whether overpressure or underpressure is simulated.
    In the context of the present disclosure, “overpressure” refers to a pressure that is above the ambient pressure of the test bench (i.e. the pressure at ground level). In contrast to this, a "negative pressure" is a pressure that is / 175
    AV-3973 AT is below the pressure of the environment in which the test bench is located. According to the invention, the simulation pressure can be set essentially independently of the respective ambient pressure, the pressure range that can be set for the simulation pressure essentially depending on the parameters of the volume flow generator 18 and the suction unit 19. Any unit that is suitable for providing a corresponding volume flow Q can be used as the volume flow generator 18, the design or selection of such devices being within the general skill of an average person skilled in the art. The specific design or selection of the suction unit 19 is also within the skill of the average specialist.
    A detailed embodiment of the test stand according to the invention, which is shown in FIG. 2, is explained below by way of example. The basic elements of the test bench shown in FIG. 2 essentially correspond to the elements shown in FIG. 1, the volume flow generator 18 and the suction unit 19 in particular being designed in greater detail.
    The volume flow generator 18 of the test bench shown in FIG. 2 comprises a conditioning unit 1, with which ambient air 10 is drawn in from the environment and a conditioned inlet gas 11 is generated, which is supplied to a test object 7 via an inlet line 12. Instead of the ambient air 10, other media can optionally also be used, for example specifically produced gas mixtures which can be provided in corresponding gas containers. The conditioned inlet gas 11 has an inlet pressure p1, which is above the simulation pressure p 2 . The conditioning unit 1 can also have further organs for conditioning the temperature, the purity or the composition of the inlet gas 11 obtained from the ambient air 10 (and / or additional media stores). For example, the inlet gas 11 can be set to a defined humidity.
    In the context of the present invention, “conditioning” is understood to mean any setting or change in properties of the inlet gas 11. In the simplest variant, the conditioning may be made of the manufacture of an input pressure p1 exist, the p over the simulation pressure is 2, in which case the conditioning unit may be a simple fan. If the test stand is operated at a floor level, the pressure of which is always above the simulation pressure p 2 , it would also be possible to dispense entirely with a conditioning unit 1, the ambient pressure then corresponding to the inlet pressure p1.
    An inlet gas regulating element 2, with which the volume flow Q can be regulated, is arranged in the inlet line 12. For this purpose, the inlet gas control element 2 has a sensor for measuring the volume flow and is equipped with a control device 13/176
    AV-3973 AT connected. The control device 13 can, for example, be integrated in a central test bench control. On the other hand, a control which is provided directly on the inlet gas control element 2 and which is set to the desired volume flow Q can also be used. The inlet gas control element 2 separates the area in which the inlet pressure p1 produced by the conditioning unit 1 prevails from the pressure area 17 in which the simulation pressure p 2 prevails.
    The exhaust gas 15 generated by the test object 7 is fed to an exhaust pressure control 5 via the exhaust gas line 14. Between the pressure area 17 and the suction pressure control 5, a fine controller 3 is provided in the exhaust line 14, which is connected to the control device 13.
    A bypass 8 branches off in a region between the inlet gas control element 2 and the test object 7 and connects the inlet line 12 to the exhaust line 14. The bypass 8 opens between the test specimen 7 and the fine regulator 3 into the exhaust gas line 14, so that a pressure region 17 is again defined around the test specimen 7 and the pressure in the inlet line 12 upstream of the test specimen 7 changes to the pressure in the exhaust gas line 14 downstream of the DUT dynamically adjusted. The simulation pressure p 2 prevailing in the pressure region 17 corresponds to a certain altitude, which is simulated for the test object. The bypass 8 is dimensioned such that even with rapid and dynamic changes in the pressure and / or the behavior of the test object, for example in the event of load changes, the pressure upstream and downstream of the test object 7 is quickly equalized. The compensation should take place so quickly that (dynamically occurring) pressure differences within the pressure range 17 are negligible.
    The suction pressure control 5 has a blower 4 and a pressure regulating element 9 arranged parallel thereto. If necessary, the suction pressure controller 5 can have one or more exhaust gas coolers 6 for cooling the exhaust gas 15. The exhaust gas 15 sucked out of the exhaust gas line 14 by the suction pressure control 5 can be fed to downstream units, such as a silencer 16 shown by way of example. The regulation of the pressure control element 9 and the blower 4, which can also preferably be carried out via the control device 13, is carried out on Output of the exhaust pipe 14, ie in a region downstream of the fine regulator 3, generates a controllable suction pressure p 3 . This suction pressure must always be below the simulation pressure p 2 and can either be regulated to a constant value or be adapted to the respective specification for the simulation pressure p 2 . In order to keep the fine controller 3 in an optimal control range, the speed of the fan 4 and / or the pressure control element 9 can be controlled to a constant pressure difference between the simulation pressure p2 and the suction pressure p3, for example.
    / 177
    AV-3973 AT
    The blower 4 and the pressure regulating member 9 can be controlled as a function of the difference between the simulation pressure p 2 and the current ambient pressure. An excess pressure above the ambient pressure can be built up and controlled, for example, as a suction pressure p 3 via the pressure regulating element 9. The blower 4 is required to generate a vacuum. In the vacuum control, the pressure control member 9 can remain closed. The pressure control element 9 opens only when the speed of the fan has reached its minimum possible speed.
    By regulating the fine regulator 3, essentially any pressure can be set quickly and precisely in the pressure range 17, that between the inlet pressure p1 of the inlet gas 11 built up by the conditioning unit 1 upstream of the inlet gas control member 2 and that of the suction pressure control 5 in the exhaust line 14 downstream of the fine regulator 3 set suction pressure p 3 . The suction pressure control 5 can make a rough setting of the predetermined altitude, while the fine regulator 3 carries out a fine adjustment of the pressure in the pressure region 17. This makes it possible to set the simulation pressure p 2 in the pressure range 17 exactly and with a control accuracy of, for example, only +/- 3 mbar to a certain altitude without interrupting the test run, without retrofitting processes and without further significant restrictions, and thus to increase the altitude via a test run vary so that it corresponds to a predetermined height profile. This makes it possible, for example, to simulate road journeys that alternate phases with overpressure and underpressure relative to the current ambient pressure at ground level. In this way, the regulation of the height profile can be precisely regulated both in the case of stationary and dynamic behavior of the test object 7.
    If the simulation pressure p 2 behaves essentially statically, ie remains essentially unchanged over longer periods of time or changes only slowly, the fine regulator 3 can also be deactivated (ie fully opened), the suction pressure p 3 then being directly applied by the suction pressure controller 5 the simulation pressure p 2 is set. Thus, the pressure of the altitude can be set directly by the suction pressure control 5 by regulating the pressure control element 9 or the blower 4 and the fine regulator 3 could also be dispensed with entirely. However, the control accuracy that can be achieved with this is less. This would also result in a greater delay in the control due to the length of the exhaust line 14, which would have to be taken into account.
    The test bench according to the invention can have additional control and / or measuring devices as required, but these are not shown explicitly in the figures for reasons of clarity. The provision and use of such devices is within the skill of those of ordinary skill in the art.
    / 178
    AV-3973 AT
    Reference numerals:
    Conditioning unit 1
    Inlet gas regulator 2
    Fine controller 3
    Blower 4
    Suction pressure control 5
    Exhaust gas cooler 6
    DUT 7
    Bypass 8
    Pressure regulator 9
    Ambient air 10
    Inlet gas 11
    Inlet line 12
    Control device 13
    Exhaust line 14
    Exhaust gas 15
    Silencer 16
    Print area 17
    Volume flow generator 18
    Suction unit 19
    Bypass flow 20
    Inlet pressure p1
    Simulation pressure p 2
    Suction pressure p 3/17
    AV-3973 AT
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Test stand for a test object (7) with an inlet line (12), via which an inlet gas (11) is conducted to the test object (7) and an exhaust line (14), with which exhaust gas (15) from the test object (7) is derived, characterized in that the inlet line (12) and the exhaust line (14) are connected via a bypass (8) to a pressure region (17) comprising the test object (7), a volume flow generator (18) upstream of the pressure region (17 ) is arranged, which can be actuated to introduce the inlet gas (11) into the inlet line (12) with a volume flow (Q) exceeding the consumption of the test object (7) and wherein a suction unit (19) is arranged downstream of the pressure region (17), which can be actuated in order to regulate the pressure prevailing in the pressure region (17) to a simulation pressure (p 2 ).
    [2]
    2. Test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume flow generator (18) has a conditioning unit (1) with which an inlet pressure (p1) of the inlet gas (11) which is above the simulation pressure (p 2 ) can be set, the volume flow ( Q) can be regulated via an inlet gas regulating element (2) arranged in the inlet line (12).
    [3]
    3. Test stand according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the suction unit (19) has a suction pressure control (5) with which a suction pressure (p 2 ) below the simulation pressure (p 3 ) of the exhaust gas (15) can be generated, wherein A fine regulator (3) is arranged in the exhaust line (14) between the pressure region (17) and the suction pressure control (5) and the simulation pressure (p 2 ) in the pressure region (17) can be regulated with the fine regulator (3).
    [4]
    4. Test stand according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the suction unit (19) has a suction pressure control (5) with which the simulation pressure (p2) can be regulated in the pressure region (17).
    [5]
    5. Test stand according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the suction pressure control (5) has a blower (4) and a pressure control element (9) arranged parallel thereto.
    [6]
    6. Test stand according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the test object (7) comprises an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell.
    [7]
    7. Method for setting a simulation pressure (p 2 ) according to a simulated altitude in an area of an inlet line (12) for an inlet gas (11) opening into a test object (7) and an area of an exhaust line (14) adjoining the test object (7) ) for an exhaust gas (15), the method being characterized by the following steps:
    -1011 / 17
    AV-3973 AT
    - Providing a bypass (8) which connects the inlet line (12) and the exhaust line (14) to form a pressure area (17) comprising the test object (7),
    - Controlled introduction of the inlet gas (11) into the inlet line (12) with one
    5 volume flow (Q) exceeding the consumption of the test object (7),
    - Regulation of the pressure in the pressure area (17) on the simulation pressure (p 2 ).
    [8]
    8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the simulation pressure (p 2 ) is controlled during a test run according to a height profile.
    [9]
    10 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the course of the
    Simulation pressure (p 2 ) according to the height profile, based on the height of the test bench, has positive and negative pressure phases.
    10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the volume flow (Q) is regulated to a value which is at least 10%, preferably 15 at least 25%, above the maximum air consumption of the test object (7).
    -1112 / 17
    AVL List GmbH
    1.2

    [10]
    14/17 austrian patent office
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    AT500632018A|AT520886B1|2018-01-24|2018-01-24|Test bench for a test object|AT500632018A| AT520886B1|2018-01-24|2018-01-24|Test bench for a test object|
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