• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a pipe welding method wherein two pipe ends having components (1, 2), for example, pipe stubs (1, 2) or pipe flanges are clamped with mutually facing or butt-end pipe ends and at their mutually facing or blunt abutting pipe ends with a circumferential weld be welded. The invention is characterized in that at a provided for the beginning of the weld position of the two clamped tube ends in advance from the outer circumference radially inwardly extending recess in the end face of both pipe ends is introduced by there generates a radially extending bore, in particular through hole is, which forms the two mutually aligned recesses in the end faces of the two pipe ends, and then in the region of the two mutually facing positioned recesses is started with the welding. The invention also relates to a pipe welding apparatus suitable for carrying out the method.
    公开号:AT515636A2
    申请号:T131/2015
    申请日:2015-03-11
    公开日:2015-10-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Merkle Wilhelm；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Apparatus and method for pipe welding
    The present invention relates to a tube welding method according to the preamble of claim 1, and to a device suitable for carrying out this method according to the preamble of claim 7.
    In pipe welding, the critical point at which a weld fault often occurs is at the seam start or seam end. Because even there it must be ensured that there is a good root welding, that is, by welding, to ensure that the weld is also tight and a standard-compliant seam is created, see DIN EN ISO 5817 from Oct. 2007.
    It is generally known that the two pipe stubs to be welded together with their ends to be welded are butted together, the pipe wall being usually chamfered outwardly, so that after the butt joint a V-shaped gap results for the intended weld ,
    A method for welding two pipe ends with a previously inserted therein and remaining there component can be found in German Patent DE 101 49 167 Al. In this case, a root-side closed weld, which counteract insufficient root-side degassing at the weld, is formed before insertion a recess in the component to be inserted and begun at the corresponding point of the recess with the welding. The inserted third component can serve in addition to its function as a weld pool also as centering of the two pipe ends. However, such a component remaining in the tube is undesirable in many applications, for example when welding through-flowed tubes, e.g. Heating pipes, which usually have relatively narrow nominal diameter 20 mm to 50 mm.
    Devices for automated lap welding therefore have relatively complex centering mechanisms to center the separately aufzuspannenden pipe ends. The documents DE 31 38 483 A1, DE 27 02 396 A1, DE 67 53 529 U and DE 2336809 C3 show corresponding clamping devices for two pipe stubs or the like, wherein a welding torch is provided on each of the clamping devices, and in which case either according to DE 31 38 483 Al the welding torch is turned or according to the other writings the two clamped pipe stubs. The Swiss Patent CH 458888 A also describes an automated welding process in which a rotating device at the beginning of the welding process, ie at the beginning of the weld, rotates the parts to be welded more slowly than during welding.
    Even if the pore frequency in the overlap region of the weld seam could be reduced with the latter method, it was not yet possible to obtain a completely gas-tight penetration weld with a good weld root near the region of the ignition point or in the overlap region.
    Therefore, such pipe welds are previously welded by hand by experienced welders in MaG or WiG process with overlap at the spot weld, but it always came back to insufficient rooting and thus to committee, especially in the welding of pipes DN 20 to 50, as used in heating systems.
    Further known are further developed welding methods, such as e.g. TIG pulse welding, in which welding current can be set between a fundamental and pulse current with variable frequencies, ground and pulse current levels and widths, so that the heat input can be finely dosed. Again, however, the welder must have a high level of experience to avoid weld defects at the beginning or end of the seam.
    On this basis, it is an object of the present invention to provide a welding method with which the overlapping welding, in particular pipe welding can be carried out inexpensively and with little effort and at the same time reliable through-welding in the region of the ignition point. It is another object of the present invention to develop one of the above-mentioned devices, for example according to DE 27 02 396 Al for carrying out such a welding process.
    This object is achieved with regard to the method with the features of claim 1, with regard to the device having the features of claim 7.
    According to the invention, a recess is introduced into the end faces of the two pipe ends at the beginning of the weld seam and thus the ignition point of the welding torch and the overlap position before the actual welding of the two pipe ends with a preferably overlapping, peripheral weld, from the outer circumference of the two pipe ends preferably runs radially inwards, there by after drilling a bore, in particular
    Through hole is produced, which forms the two mutually aligned recesses in the end faces of the two pipe ends.
    It is assumed that the temperature of the two pipe ends, which is colder at the start of welding, is compensated by the recesses introduced. In any case, an extremely favorable result has been shown in experiments, namely a complete penetration weld also at the beginning of the weld. As a result, pipe welding can be automated, for example, for pipes DN 20 to DN 50 for heating construction. It has been shown that a better, x-ray-proof weld onset or a good overlap with low material increase in the ignition zone and homogeneous weld seam can be produced at the overlap without the need for an experienced welder.
    The two recesses in the two end surfaces can be drilled in a simple manner by means of a drill at butt-end adjacent or with a desired gap spacing facing each other end faces. Furthermore, it is possible to weld in the same clamping of the workpieces in which the bore has been produced beforehand, which forms the two recesses in the two end faces of the pipe ends.
    The two mutually facing recesses may have the overall shape of a through hole. However, this is not absolutely necessary, as long as the hole is deep enough to achieve the desired effect, namely a through-welding at the beginning of the weld.
    In terms of preventing a Schweißnahtbartbildung it may even be advantageous if the recesses do not go through completely, but only as from the outer circumference ago something inwardly extending material recesses or be incorporated as a blind hole in the pipe ends.
    The shape of the bore or the two recesses can also be varied. For example, a conical bore or a stepped bore would be conceivable in order to prevent breakage of the Schweißbarts into the tube interior.
    As a backup, for example, a copper piece can be inserted into the two pipe ends, before being welded. The copper piece preferably has a slightly conical shape, so that it can also be easily removed or so that the welded components can easily be removed.
    With the welding device according to the invention, the welding process, in particular suitable for MAG welding, can be partially or even fully automated. Of course, however, MIG, TIG, plasma or other inert gas welding technique can be used.
    For this purpose, the tube welding apparatus has two headstocks whose mutually facing and rotational axis-identical rotary spindle are simultaneously driveable in the same speed and which respectively have clamping means for clamping or clamping a component having a pipe end. This component may be, for example, a pipe stub or a pipe flange. In this case, the two headstocks are arranged so that the two tube ends in the clamped state on the same axis of rotation facing each other at a circumferential gap or there abut each other, depending on whether the welding gap should have a distance or not. Suitable for many applications, such as in the welding of DN 20 to DN 50 - metal pipes for heating - but has been prepared with a V-shaped gap weld, in which case the two pipe ends butt against each other.
    Furthermore, the pipe welding device according to the invention has a welding device with a directed at a position with welding access to a weld at the gap welding torch head, which is preferably deliverable in different positions, ie axially displaceable along the axis of rotation and / or movably received in the radial direction of the pipe welding device and Generating a circumferential weld at the gap between the two simultaneously and equally fast rotating pipe ends is used. The welding torch head can be mounted stationary. However, it would also be quite possible to let him perform the necessary for generating a welded-through weld pendulum movements or the like and to install it in a correspondingly movable and driven recording on the tube welding device. It would also be conceivable, in a partially automated embodiment, to direct the welding torch head by hand onto the welding point, that is, to turn or rotate the two rotary spindles at the beginning of the welding operation on the two mutually facing recesses in the end faces of the two pipe spindles.
    Furthermore, the pipe welding device according to the invention has a drilling device with a radially engageable on the gap drill for generating a radially extending bore at the intended for the beginning of the weld on the gap between the facing or abutting pipe ends. The drill is deliverable in different drilling positions, so along the axis of rotation and / or slidably received in the radial direction of the pipe welding device, for example via a drill chuck having a drill head in the region between the two rotary spindles with radial distance from the axis of rotation in the radial direction lowerable at the tube welding device is appropriate.
    It is advantageous if at least one of the rotary spindles is slidably received in Drehachsrichtung in the associated headstock or if the associated headstock is mounted together with the rotary spindle in Drehachsrichtung slidably on a machine bed or the like, so that the workpieces are used for processing and also removed again can.
    For further automation of the method, a tool changing device may be provided, e.g. in the form of a revolver drum or other movable support for the welding torch head and a drill bit containing the drill chuck, which tool changing device can selectively bring the welding torch head or the drilling device in approach at the weld, wherein the tool changing device is attached to the pipe welding device, for example on the machine bed.
    In terms of a cost effective and easy to handle device, however, the drill head and the welding torch head will be distributed over the circumference of the pipe ends. It is preferred, e.g. drilled horizontally and welded at about 11 o'clock. The drill head and the welding torch head can be accommodated on a common support, which in turn can be mounted stationary or for the purpose of delivery to the axial and / or radial position of the weld axially and / or radially displaceable on the machine bed or the like. The drill head then only has to be held movably on the carrier in the drilling direction. The use of two appropriately programmed robot arms as a tool carrier would be conceivable, albeit expensive.
    Further preferably, the rotary spindles have a drive which is clocked on the drilling device, the welding burner head, and if present the tool changing device. The individual elements of the pipe welding device are thus temporally controlled so that the individual process steps are processed sequentially automated.
    It is therefore preferably welded in the same clamping of the workpieces, in which the bore was previously generated, which forms the two recesses in the two end faces of the pipe ends. Preferably, both the drilling device and the welding torch head are machine-controlled, or mounted on the device. However, this is not mandatory for carrying out the method according to the invention. It would also be conceivable to pre-drill by hand and / or to guide the welding torch head manually in the case of rotating spindles, that is to say to the desired welding point, while the workpieces are rotated in the same direction.
    However, if the two components with the pipe ends to be welded together are clamped rotatably and positioned with the position intended for the start of the weld so that a welding torch head held on the machine or device side is directed towards the welding point or at the welding point the method according to the invention or at least the welding step can also be carried out fully automatically without the intervention of a human welder, if the weld seam is then produced with simultaneous and equally fast rotation of the two components with the welding torch head directed to the welding point, the machine control thus turns on the welding torch head, as soon as the two
    Components are rotated or as soon as the intended for the beginning of the weld position reaches the weld on which the welding torch head is directed. A certain flow of the rotary spindles may be desired in order to accelerate these initially to the required rotational speed. However, it would also be conceivable that it may just be desirable at the beginning of the welding process, ie at the beginning of the weld to rotate slower than further welding. The same can apply when the overlap area at the end of the weld is reached.
    In the above device is thus first drilled horizontally radially before the machine control switches on the drive of the rotary spindles and-as soon as the bore reaches the weld below the welding head, ignites the welding torch. After circulation by a little more than a full turn, for example 365 °, the welding torch head is switched off again.
    Further advantageous developments are the subject of the other dependent claims.
    In the accompanying figure, a pipe welding apparatus according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention is shown schematically. One recognizes the tube stubs designated 1 and 2, which are clamped in clamping jaws of two clamping devices 9, 10 each accommodated on a rotary spindle 5, 6. The rotary spindles 5, 6 are each mounted in a headstock 3, 4, wherein the one headstock 3 is fixedly mounted on a machine bed 11, the other headstock 4, however, slidably received in Drehachsrichtung on the machine bed 11 to the insertion of the workpieces. 1 , 2 or to allow the removal of the formed from the welded together pipe stubs 1, 2 finished part.
    To drive the rotary spindles, a common motor can be provided, which drives both spindles via a gearbox. However, it can also be provided two separate drive units, each driving a rotary spindle and are synchronized with each other via a machine control.
    Overall, 7 is a drilling unit shown only schematically, which has a stationary on the machine bed 11 or in the direction indicated by the arrow axial feed direction slidably mounted thereon Bohrkopfträger. The drill head carrier carries a drill head with a drill clamped in a chuck and is accommodated in the radial direction to the axis of rotation of the rotary spindles 3, 4 movable in the drill head carrier, so that in the region of the gap between the buttocks abutting one another or facing each other pipe stubs 1, 2 a Recess may be drilled, in the illustrated embodiment in approximately an angular position of 315 °, relative to the axis of rotation of the rotary spindles 3, 4th
    Above the drilling device 7, a welding torch head 8 of a welding device is indicated, which can be accommodated together with the drill head carrier on a common carriage in the axial direction movable on the machine bed 11 and is directed in the example shown at a position of about 45 ° on the welding gap.
    A machine control, not shown, first switches the drilling device 7 in order to drill the hole provided for the ignition point or the beginning of the weld seam and its overlap into the gap. Subsequently, the drives of the rotary spindles 5, 6 are turned on, which rotate the two pipe stubs 1, 2, in which case in the moment in which the bore reaches the weld below the welding torch head 8, the welding torch is ignited and with further rotation of the rotary spindles 5, 6, the weld at the gap between the pipe stubs 1, 2 is generated until the beginning of the weld provided at the circumference of the pipe stub 1, 2 reaches the weld below the welding torch 8 again. After it has been welded on over a small angle range to produce an overlap at the beginning or end of the weld, then the welding torch is turned off.
    Advantageous developments and variations of the illustrated embodiment are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    CLAIMS 1. Pipe welding process wherein two pipe end having components (1, 2), for example, pipe stubs (1, 2) or pipe flanges are clamped with mutually facing or butt-end pipe ends and welded at their facing or butt-end pipe ends with a circumferential weld be introduced, characterized in that at a provided for the beginning of the weld position of the two clamped tube ends in advance from the outer circumference radially inwardly extending recess is introduced into the end face of both pipe ends by there is a radially extending bore, in particular through hole is generated, which forms the two mutually aligned recesses in the end faces of the two pipe ends, and then in the region of the two mutually facing positioned recesses is started with the welding.
    [2]
    2. Pipe welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that is welded in the same clamping, in which the bore was produced in advance.
    [3]
    3. Pipe welding method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two components (1, 2) rotatably clamped for welding at their tube ends and positioned with the intended for the beginning of the weld position at a scheduled at the weld welding torch head (8) , And then with simultaneous and equally fast rotation of the two components (1, 2) with the directed to the weld welding head (8), the weld is produced, in particular with overlap at the beginning of the weld is welded.
    [4]
    4. Pipe welding method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that is welded in the MAG process, and the pipe ends are chamfered in the weld preparation to produce a V-shaped gap, in particular with an opening angle of 60 °, in particular in the same Clamping, in which the recesses are introduced into the end faces of the pipe ends.
    [5]
    5. Pipe welding method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bore is a through hole whose diameter is preferably greater than the wall thickness of the two pipe ends.
    [6]
    6. Pipe welding method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that prior to welding a particular made of copper and preferably slightly conical welding pad is inserted into the two pipe ends.
    [7]
    7. Rohrschweißvorrrichtung, with two headstocks (3, 4), the mutually facing and drehachsgleichen rotary spindles (5, 6) are rotationally driven simultaneously and equally fast and each clamping means (9, 10) for clamping a pipe end having a component (1, 2) , such as a pipe flange or a pipe stub (1, 2) wear, so that the two pipe ends in the clamped state on the same axis of rotation facing each other at a circumferential gap or abut butt against each other, a welding device (8) with one at a position characterized in that the Rohrschweißvorrrichtung for performing the method according to any one of the preceding claims further comprises a welding weld on a weld at the gap directed, preferably deliverable in different positions torch head (8) for generating a circumferential weld at the gap between the two same Drilling device (7) with a radially engageable on the gap, deliverable in different positions drill for generating a radially extending bore at the intended for the beginning of the weld weld at the gap between the facing or abutting pipe ends, wherein the drill along the axis of rotation and / or Slidably received in the radial direction on the pipe welding device.
    [8]
    8. Rohrschweißvorrrichtung according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one (6) of the rotary spindles (5, 6) is slidably received in Drehachsrichtung.
    [9]
    9. tube welding device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a tool changing device, for. is provided in the form of a revolver drum which selectively brings the welding torch head (8) or the drilling device (7) in approach at the weld.
    [10]
    10. Rohrschweißvorrrichtung according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the rotary spindles (5, 6) have a drive which is clocked on the drilling device (7), the welding burner head (8) and optionally the tool changing device.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
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    AT515636A3|2019-09-15|
    DE102014004228A1|2015-10-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CH388072A|1961-09-06|1965-02-15|Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie|Process for the production of root sutures on closed hollow bodies|
    CH458888A|1966-06-22|1968-06-30|Opprecht Paul|Process for tight lap welding and welding system for carrying out the process|
    DE6753529U|1968-08-23|1969-05-08|Heitze Deuzer Maschf|DEVICE FOR JOINT WELDING OF HOLLOW BODIES|
    DE2135378A1|1971-07-15|1973-01-25|Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag|Welding together thick-walled parts - partic crankshafts for ic engines|
    US3829651A|1972-01-13|1974-08-13|N Olshansky|Method of electron-beam welding of thick parts by vertical and girth seams|
    GB1435500A|1972-07-20|1976-05-12|Rolls Royce|Machine for use in the welding of a pipe to a pipe-end fitting|
    DE2702396C3|1977-01-21|1979-07-05|Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt|Centering and rotating device|
    DE3138483C2|1981-09-28|1987-10-15|Deutsche Gesellschaft Fuer Wiederaufarbeitung Von Kernbrennstoffen Mbh, 3000 Hannover, De|
    DE10149167A1|2001-10-04|2003-04-17|Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg|Welding joint connects components using a closed welding seam|CN106002072B|2016-07-15|2018-01-12|重庆博卓机电有限公司|A kind of generating set silencer cylinder mash welder|
    CN108188539A|2017-11-23|2018-06-22|亚达管道系统股份有限公司|A kind of prefabricated pipe all-position automatic welding technology technique|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014004228.6A|DE102014004228A1|2014-03-25|2014-03-25|Apparatus and method for pipe welding|
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