• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a telescope (1) having an objective (2), an eyepiece (3) and a prism reversing system (4) and having a projection optical system (21) with a beam path for imaging an image of a reticule in a focal plane of the eyepiece (3 ), wherein the beam path of the projection optics (21) is connected by a beam splitter to the observation beam path, and wherein the projection optics (21) comprises a mask (22) and a light source (23), which is used for backlighting the mask (22). is arranged.
    公开号:AT515276A1
    申请号:T50021/2014
    申请日:2014-01-13
    公开日:2015-07-15
    发明作者:Patrick Kurz；Ludwig Dipl Ing Pernstich；Thomas Dr Salzburger；Sebastian Dipl Ing Fh Wachsmuth
    申请人:Swarovski Optik Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a terrestrial telescope with a prism reversing system according to the preamble of claim 1.
    Telescopes, which in addition to the pure observation of distant objects are also intended to enable measurement of angles or distances in the object space, have reticles or reticules arranged in the intermediate image plane of the beam path. Through the eyepiece of the telescope so the strokes of the reticle and these superimposed on the image produced by the lens of the removed objects can be observed sharply. When using reticles with appropriate scaling of the distances of the bars, it is possible to measure or at least estimate their distance when observing objects of a known size. For the use of such telescopes under unfavorable lighting conditions or environmental conditions may also be provided to increase contrast, a lighting of the reticle.
    The document EP 1 653 271 B1 describes, for example, a telescopic sight with a reticle or a reticule in which the reticle can be illuminated by a laterally arranged light source. Line plates which are arranged directly in the beam path of the observation beam path, prove to be unfavorable in that as adhering to the reticle surface dust particles can cause stray light and thus can lead to an impairment of image quality. In addition, such reticles are always visible in the observation beam path.
    It is the object of the invention to provide a telescope with a reticle with improved image quality and compact design.
    This object is achieved by a telescope with a lens, an eyepiece and a prism reversing system, wherein in the running between the lens and the eyepiece observation beam path, the prism reversing system is arranged and the telescope projection optics with a beam path for imaging an image a reticle in a focal plane of the eyepiece comprises. In this case, the beam path of the projection optics is coupled by a beam splitter in the observation beam path. In the telescope according to the invention is further provided that the projection optics comprises a mask and a light source, wherein the light source for rear illumination of the mask is arranged. The mask is advantageously formed by a plane-parallel glass plate with an opaque coating, the glass plate having transparent areas in the form of a negative of a pattern of a reticule (line image). This has the advantage that it can be used to create a line image in which the lines or lines and line networks are self-luminous.
    Also advantageous is the development of the telescope, according to which the beam path of the projection optics has a first main beam section and a second main beam section and these are interconnected by a deflection prism, wherein the first main beam section and the second main beam section perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens are aligned. This embodiment of the beam path of the projection optics has the advantage of a more compact design of the projection optics, in which the volume of which can be limited approximately to a circular disk about the optical axis of the lens. This favors a modular structuring of the telescope in an objective part, an eyepiece part and an intermediate part part with the projection optics and the prism inversion system.
    According to an advantageous development of the telescope, it is provided that the beam splitter is formed at a transition region between a coupling prism of the projection optics and the prism reversal system of the observation beam path. It is provided in particular that the coupling prism is cemented to a deflecting prism of the prism reversing system and to a
    Interface between the coupling prism and the deflecting prism of the prism reversing system is formed a partially permeable coating. The advantage here is the achievable even more compact construction of the assembly of Pris-men reversing system and projection optics.
    The development of the telescope according to which the projection optics comprises a focusing device, by which the position of the image plane of the image of the line image (pattern of the reticle of the mask) relative to the image plane position of the lens or the position of the focal plane of the eyepiece can be moved, has the advantage that so that a parallax compensation or a diopter compensation can be achieved.
    According to the embodiment of the telescope, according to which a control knob is designed for switching on and off and for controlling the brightness of the light source, has the advantage that it can be changed between different types of use of the telescope - for measurement tasks or for pure observation. On the other hand, the image of the pattern of the reticule or the mask can be adapted to different ambient lighting conditions.
    Particularly advantageous is the formation of the prism reversing system by a Porro prism system. This comprises a first and a second deflection prism, wherein the observation beam path is deflected by the first deflection prism from a first main beam section into a second main beam section and from the second main beam section into a third main beam section. The observation beam path is deflected from the third main beam section into the fourth main beam section and from the fourth main beam section into a fifth main beam section by the second deflection prism. As a result of this multiple deflection ("folding") of the observation beam path, a significantly smaller overall construction length of the telescope is advantageously achieved.
    It is also advantageous that the coupling prism is arranged on a first reflection surface of the second deflection prism, wherein the second main beam section of the beam path of the projection optics is directed coaxially to the fourth main beam section of the observation beam path running in the second main steering prism.
    Also advantageous is an alternative embodiment, according to which the coupling prism is arranged on a first reflection surface of the first deflection prism, wherein the second main beam portion of the beam path of the projection optics is directed coaxially to the extending in the first deflection prism second main beam portion of the observation beam path.
    Also advantageous is the development of the telescope after which a focusing device is arranged in the observation beam path between the lens and the prism reversing system.
    The further development of the telescope, according to which the eyepiece comprises a zoom lens system, has the advantage that it allows the total magnification of the telescope to be adjusted over a predetermined range. The arrangement of the zoom lens system in the eyepiece has the further advantage that when changing the magnification setting, the line image of the reticle or the mask changes in the same way with the image of the removed objects.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    In each case, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:
    1 shows the optical scheme of a telescope according to the invention;
    2 shows a cross section of the telescope with a line of sight parallel to the optical axis of the objective lens with details of the projection optics.
    3 shows a cross section of the prism reversal system with the projection optics and the eyepiece according to FIG. 2;
    4 shows the eyepiece-side end region of the telescope in a perspective view.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals and the same component names, the disclosures contained throughout the description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and these position information in a change in position mutatis mutandis to transfer to the new location.
    1 shows the optical scheme of a telescope 1 according to the invention, in particular a terrestrial telescope.
    The telescope 1 comprises an objective 2 and an eyepiece 3 and a prism reversing system 4 arranged therebetween. The prism reversing system 4 according to this embodiment is formed by a Porro prism system of the first type. The prism reversing system 4 accordingly comprises a first deflecting prism 5 and a second deflecting prism 6. Due to the formation of the prism reversing system 4 by a Porro prism system, an optical axis 7 of the objective 2 is arranged offset in parallel relative to an optical axis 8 of the eyepiece 3 ,
    In the observation beam path of the telescope 1 extending between the objective 2 and the eyepiece 3, a focusing device 9 formed by a lens is arranged between the objective 2 and the prism reversing system 4. According to this embodiment, the focusing device 9 is formed by a so-called Barlow lens.
    For simplicity and clarity, the beam paths are shown symbolized only by the corresponding main rays in the figures.
    By adjusting the focusing device 9, it can be achieved that an image plane 10 of distant objects generated by the objective comes to lie coinciding with a focal plane 11 of the eyepiece 3 (FIG. 3).
    Due to the formation of the prism reversal system 4 by a Porro prism system with a first and second reflection surface 12,13 of the first deflection prism 5 and with a first and second reflection surface 14,15 of the second deflection prism 6, the observation beam path of the telescope 1 as a contiguous Sequence of a total of five main beam sections will be described. These are a first main beam section 16 from the objective 2 to the first reflection surface 12 of the deflection prism 5, a second main beam section 17 between the first reflection surface 12 and the second reflection surface 13 of the deflection prism 5, a third main beam section 18 between the second Reflection surface 13 of the first deflection prism 5 and the first reflection surface 14 of the second deflection prism 6, a fourth main beam section 19 between the first and second reflection surface 14,15 of the second deflection prism 6 and finally a fifth main beam section 20 between the second reflection surface 15 of the second deflection prism 6 and the eyepiece 3. Here, the first, the third and the fifth main beam section 16,18, 20 are aligned parallel to each other, whereas the second and fourth main beam section 17,19 perpendicular to the main beam sections 16,18, 20th are aligned. The second and fourth main beam section 17,19 are also aligned at right angles to each other.
    In addition to the described optical elements of the observation beam path, the telescope 1 according to the invention additionally has a separate projection optics 21 with its own beam path, in which a mask 22 is arranged. The mask 22 is formed as a negative of a pattern of a reticle and can be generated by backlighting with a light source 23, a self-luminous line image of a reticle.
    The beam path of the projection optics 21 is connected to the observation beam path of the telescope 1 by a beam splitter, so that an image of the mask 22 can be projected or faded into the observation beam path. For this purpose, an image of the mask 22 in the image plane 10 or in the focal plane 11 of the eyepiece 3 is imaged by the projection optics 21 (FIG. 3). Finally, through the eyepiece 3, an observer is overlaid with an image of the removed one
    Objects and a self-luminous line pattern represented according to a reticle.
    The light source 23 of the projection optics 21 is preferably formed by a red light emitting LED (with a dominant wavelength in the range 600 nm to 650 nm). Between the light source 23 and the mask 22, a diffuser 24 and an aspheric condenser lens 25 are arranged through which the mask 22 is illuminated. The mask 22 is preferably formed by a plane-parallel glass plate coated with chromium, wherein only the areas corresponding to the lines are uncoated and thus can only pass through this light. The light rays passing through the mask 22 are further imaged by a projection lens system comprising a plurality of lenses 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. In addition, a deflection prism 31 is also arranged in the beam path of the projection optics 21, so that the beam path comprises a first main beam section 32 and, after deflection at the deflection prism 31, a second main beam section 33. The beam path of the projection optics 21 thus has an angled course. The second main beam section 33 of the beam path of the projection optical system 21 is finally transferred into the observation beam path of the telescope 1 with the aid of a coupling prism 34, which functions as a beam splitter together with the second deflection prism 6.
    It proves to be advantageous to arrange the projection optics 21 in the telescope 1 in such a way that their first main beam section 32 and its second main beam section 33 are each in a position oriented vertically relative to the optical axis 7 of the objective 2. The transition of the beam path of the projection optics 21 in the observation beam path of the telescope 1 is advantageously carried out on the first reflection surface 14 of the second deflection prism 6 of the prism reversing system 4. For this purpose, the projection optics 21 is arranged such that its second main beam section 33 parallel or coaxial relative to the is aligned between the first reflection surface 14 and the second reflection surface 15 of the second deflection prism 6 extending fourth main beam portion 19. The entry of the light coming from the projection optics 21 in the two te deflection prism 6 of the Porro prism system is carried out by the coupling prism 34 which is connected to the first reflection surface 14 of the second deflection prism 6 or cemented to this. The reflection surface 14 is for this purpose designed as a beam splitter in which a partially permeable coating is provided on this. This partially transparent coating is designed such that a large part of the light of the observation beam path is reflected (typically light in the range <600 nm) and from which light coming from the light source 23 can pass.
    2 shows a cross section of the telescope 1 with a viewing direction parallel to the optical axis 7 of the objective 2 with details of the projection optics 21. As can be seen from the illustration, part of the optical elements of the projection optics 21 are mechanically held in a tube 35. In this case, the lens group of the lenses 27, 28, 29 mounted in a carriage 36 which is adjustable in the axial direction, that is in the direction of the main beam portion 32. The carriage 36 with the lenses 27, 28, 29 thus forms a focusing device of the projection optics 21. With the aid of this focusing device of the projection optics 21 it can be achieved that the image of the mask 22 together with the image of a removed object in the same image plane 10 of the objective 2 is shown sharply (Fig. 3). The focusing device with the lenses 27, 28, 29 thus has the function of a diopter compensation for the telescope 1. To adjust the carriage 36 of the focusing device of the projection optics 21, an adjusting screw 37 is provided, which is operatively connected to the carriage 36. The adjusting screw 37 is arranged on an outer side of a housing 38 of the telescope 1, so that the focusing of the projection optics 21 can be operated or adjusted from the outside. The operation of the screw 37 is effected in this embodiment via a slot in the screw 37, in which a coin or a screwdriver or the like can intervene. The adjusting screw 37 can also be designed as a knob for direct manual adjustment.
    FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the prism reversal system 4 with the projection optics 21 and the eyepiece 3 according to FIG. 2. The light beams of the observation beam path extend from the objective 2 via the first main beam section 16 and after being deflected by the two Deflection prisms 5, 6 of the prism reversing system 4 via the fifth main beam section 20 finally to the eyepiece 3. The coupling prism 34 of the projection optics 21 is connected to the first reflection surface 14 of the second deflection prism 6 with this. The reflection surface 14 of the second deflection prism 6 thus represents the transition region of the beam path of the projection optical system 21 in the observation beam path of the telescope 1. In this transition region, which is provided with a partially transparent coating, the reflection surface 14 of the second deflection prism 6 simultaneously acts as a beam splitter. The light of the light source 23 is selectively transmitted through this beam splitter, so that the beam path of the projection optics 21 coming from the second main beam section 33 can combine with the fourth main beam section 19 in the second deflection prism 6. The transition of the beam path of the projection optics 21 for the mask 22 of the reticule is thus designed such that the beam path of the projection optics 21 in the transition region on the reflection surface 14 parallel and in particular coaxially aligned relative to the fourth main beam section 19 in the second deflection prism 6. This ensures overall that the second main beam section 33 of the projection optics 21 is oriented perpendicular relative to the optical axis 8 of the eyepiece 3, that is to say in total vertically with respect to the longitudinal extension of the telescope 1.
    Looking at the length of the optical elements with respect to a to the optical axis 8 of the eyepiece 3 (or to the optical axis 7 of the lens 2) parallel direction, it can be seen that a length of the ensemble of prism reversing system 4 and projection optics 21 in Essentially limited to a portion of a structural length 43 of the prism reversing system 4. The length of the ensemble of prism reversing system 4 and projection optics 21 can thus be kept relatively short. This circumstance makes possible overall a modular structuring of the telescope 1 with a section assigned to the objective 2 on the one hand, and a section assigned to the eyepiece 3 on the other hand, and a middle section therebetween in which the optical elements of the prism reversing system 4, the projection optics 21 for the mask 22 Also included are the required electrical or electronics.
    4 shows the eyepiece-side end region of the telescope 1 in a perspective view. Outside the housing 38, the adjusting screw 37 for the focusing device of the projection optics 21 can be seen. On the housing 38 of the telescope 1 is further a control knob 39 for controlling the light source 23 of the projection optics 21 is provided. With the control knob 39, the light source 23 can be turned on or off; with the control knob 39 but also a brightness control of the light source 23 is possible. Finally, an eyepiece housing 40 with the eyepiece 3 is arranged on the housing 38 of the telescope 1. According to this embodiment, the eyepiece 3 is designed as a zoom eyepiece (FIG. 3). The focal length of the eyepiece 3 can thus be continuously varied over a range, so that the total magnification of the telescope 1 is also adjustable over a corresponding range. The eyepiece 3 and the eyepiece housing 40 is also replaceable.
    The telescope 1 has a total modular design, wherein the housing 38 forms a central part, with the one hand, the eyepiece housing 40 and on the other hand, a lens barrel 41 are interchangeably connected to the lens 2. The housing 38 thus combines in itself the prism reversing system 4 with the attached projection optics 21 for the mask 22 for displaying a reticle image and a power source and the necessary electrical equipment (not shown) for controlling the light source 23 by means of the control head 39th
    The arrangement of the projection optics 21 in angled form, i. with a first main beam section 32 and a second main beam section 33, which bear tangentially on a passage 42 of the observation beam path, allows a compact construction of the central housing 38. This arrangement of the projection optics 21 has the particular advantage that the longitudinal extent of the housing 38 with respect to the optical axis 7 of the lens 2 can be kept short.
    The embodiments show possible embodiments of the telescope, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are possible with each other and this possibility of variation due to the teaching of technical action by representational Invention in the skill of those skilled in this technical field.
    Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can also represent independent, inventive or inventive solutions.
    The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description.
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the construction of the telescope, this or its components have been shown partly out of scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
    LIST OF REFERENCES 1 telescope 31 deflection prism 2 objective 32 main beam section 3 eyepiece 33 main beam section 4 prism reversing system 34 coupling prism 5 deflection prism 35 tube 6 deflection prism 36 carriage 7 optical axis 37 adjusting screw 8 optical axis 38 housing 9 focusing device 39 operating button 10 image plane 40 eyepiece housing 11 Focal plane 41 Lens tube 12 Reflection surface 42 Through channel 13 Reflection surface 43 Length 14 Reflection surface 15 Reflection surface 16 Main beam section 17 Main beam section 18 Main beam section 19 Main beam section 20 Main beam section 21 Projection optics 22 Mask 23 Light source 24 Diffuser 25 Condenser lens 26 Lens 27 Lens 28 Lens 29 Lens 30 Lens
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    1. telescope (1) with a lens (2), an eyepiece (3) and a Pris-men-reversing system (4) and with a between the lens (2) and the eyepiece (3) extending observation beam path, in with the prism reversing system (4) is arranged, and with a projection optical system (21) having a beam path for imaging an image of a reticle in a focal plane of the eyepiece (3), wherein the beam path of the projection optics (21) by a beam splitter with the observation Radiation path is connected, characterized in that the projection optics (21) comprises a mask (22) and a light source (23), wherein the light source (23) for rear illumination of the mask (22) is arranged.
    [2]
    2. A telescope (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mask (22) has a plane-parallel glass plate with an opaque coating, wherein the glass plate has transparent areas with the shape of a negative of a pattern of the reticle.
    [3]
    3. A telescope (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projection optics (21) comprises a focusing device by which the position of the image plane of the image of the pattern of the reticle relative to the position of the image plane (10) of the lens (2) or relative to the position of the focal plane (11) of the eyepiece (3) can be moved.
    [4]
    4. A telescope (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control knob (39) for switching on and off and for controlling the brightness of the light source (23) is formed.
    [5]
    5. A telescope (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beam path of the projection optics (21) has a first main beam section (32) and a second main beam section (33), wherein the first main beam section (32 ) and the second main beam section (33) are connected to each other by a deflection prism (31), and wherein the first main beam section (32) and the second main beam section (33) are perpendicular to an optical axis (7) of the objective (FIG. 2) are aligned.
    [6]
    6. A telescope (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beam splitter is formed at a transition region between a coupling prism (34) of the projection optics (21) and the prism reversing system (4) of the observation beam path.
    [7]
    7. A telescope (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling prism (34) on a Umlenkprisma (5, 6) of the prism reversing system (4) is cemented and at an interface between the coupling prism (34) and the Deflection prism (5, 6) of the prism reversing system (4) a partially permeable coating is formed.
    [8]
    8. A telescope (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prism reversing system (4) comprises a Porro prism system of the first kind with a first deflection prism (5) and with a second deflection prism (6), wherein the first deflection prism (5) for deflecting the observation beam path from a first main beam section (16) into a second main beam section (17) and from the second main beam section (17) in a third main beam section (18) is arranged, and wherein the second deflecting prism (6) for deflecting the observation beam path from the third main beam section (18) into a fourth main beam section (19) and from the fourth main beam section (19) in a fifth main beam section (20). is arranged.
    [9]
    9. A telescope (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the coupling prism (34) on a first reflection surface (14) of the second deflection prism (6) is arranged, wherein the second main beam portion (33) of the beam path of the projection optics (21 ) Coaxially to the in the second deflection prism (6) duri fenden, fourth main beam portion (19) of the observation beam path is directed.
    [10]
    10. A telescope (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that [alternative to the preceding claim] the coupling prism (34) on a first reflection surface (12) of the first deflection prism (5) is arranged, wherein the second main jet section (33) the beam path of the projection optical system (21) is directed coaxially to the second main beam section (19) of the observation beam path running in the first deflection prism (5).
    [11]
    11. A telescope (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the observation beam path between the lens (2) and prism reversing system (4) a focusing device (9) is arranged.
    [12]
    12. A telescope (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the eyepiece (3) comprises a zoom lens system.
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    同族专利:
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    EP2894507B1|2019-10-09|
    US20150198799A1|2015-07-16|
    AT515276B1|2021-02-15|
    EP2894507A1|2015-07-15|
    引用文献:
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    RU2484508C2|2011-04-28|2013-06-10|ОБЩЕСТВО С ОГРАНИЧЕННОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬЮ "РусОптикСистем"|Telescopic sight |AT522469B1|2019-07-19|2020-11-15|Swarovski Optik Kg|Long-range optical device and focusing device|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    ATA50021/2014A|AT515276B1|2014-01-13|2014-01-13|Telescope with prism erecting system|ATA50021/2014A| AT515276B1|2014-01-13|2014-01-13|Telescope with prism erecting system|
    US14/595,403| US20150198799A1|2014-01-13|2015-01-13|Telescope with prism reversing system|
    EP15150928.8A| EP2894507B1|2014-01-13|2015-01-13|Telescope with prism inversion system|
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