• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Process (1) for the production of abrasive bodies (2), with the time-sequential process steps: i. Providing a starting mixture (3) of at least one abrasive (4), a ceramic or organic binder and a plasticizer, ii. Producing a layer (5) from the starting mixture (3) with a predetermined, uniform layer thickness (6), and iii. Dividing the layer (5) of the starting mixture (3) into shaped material sections (7) and sintering the shaped material sections (7) into grinding bodies (2), or iv. Sintering the layer (5) of the starting mixture (3) into a plate-shaped body (8) and breaking the plate-shaped body (8) into grinding bodies (2).
    公开号:AT515258A1
    申请号:T970/2013
    申请日:2013-12-18
    公开日:2015-07-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Swarovski Tyrolit Schleif；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method for the production of abrasive articles.
    Main field of use of the abrasives, the abrasives such. Corundum, silicon carbide, CBN (cubic crystalline boron nitride), diamond or mixtures thereof are abrasive tools for cutting and grinding. In this case, the grinding wheels can be incorporated, for example, in a grinding wheel designed as a solid grinding body, in an abrasive coating applied to a carrier body or in an abrasive paper, namely - in the case of ceramic grinding bodies - by means of a ceramic bond or a synthetic resin bond. Compared to grinding tools in which the abrasives are incorporated directly into the abrasive coating, abrasive tools in which the abrasives come to bear indirectly over the abrasive bodies, a higher grinding performance.
    There are already different methods for the production of abrasive bodies. For example, WO 2012/061033 A2 discloses a method in which a continuously provided ceramic layer is cut into individual grinding bodies by means of laser radiation. The use of a laser requires a high technical effort and is relatively expensive. In addition, the production of abrasive bodies is usually not under clean room conditions, but rather in dusty environments, which is not conducive to the use of a laser with corresponding optics. Finally, it has been found that the precision and uniformity of the shape of the abrasive particles that can be achieved by means of a laser play a minor role in terms of grinding performance.
    Therefore, the technical problem is to provide a cost-effective and technically easy to perform method for producing abrasive bodies compared to the prior art.
    This object is achieved by the temporally successive method steps i. Providing a starting mixture of at least one abrasive, a ceramic or organic binder and a plasticizer, ii. Producing a layer of the starting mixture with a predetermined, uniform layer thickness, and iii. Dividing the layer of the starting mixture into shaped material sections and sintering the shaped material sections into abrasive bodies, or iv. Sintering the layer of the starting mixture into a plate-shaped body and breaking the plate-shaped body into abrasive bodies.
    Thus, two alternative solutions are given for the stated task: In the first solution, after the preparation of the starting mixture and the production of the layer from the starting mixture, this layer is divided into shaped material sections. Subsequently, these material sections are sintered into abrasive bodies. In the second solution, the process steps, providing the starting mixture and producing a layer from the starting mixture, are carried out in the same way. However, thereafter, the layer of the starting mixture is first sintered into a plate-shaped body, and then the plate-shaped body is broken into individual grinding bodies.
    The first process step, the provision of a starting mixture, is preferably carried out by mixing the constituents of the starting mixture in a predetermined quantitative ratio. Corundum, silicon carbide, boron nitride and / or diamonds are preferably used as abrasives.
    By means of the second basic constituent of the starting mixture, the ceramic or organic binding agent, a bond for the abrasive is provided in the course of the sintering process. The binding agent is preferably added to the starting mixture in powder form. In principle, all sinterable ceramic substances which are known from the prior art are suitable as ceramic binding agents. As the organic binding agent, e.g. Phenol resin or epoxy resin into consideration.
    The third basic component of the starting mixture, the plasticizer, is added so that the starting mixture is not too brittle for further processing. Also in this case, offer a number of different well-known plasticizers. Basically, a distinction is made between non-aqueous and aqueous plasticizers. In individual cases, the flexibility of the starting mixture can be adapted to the respective requirements by means of the selection. In addition to the basic ingredients, other components may be added to the starting mixture, e.g. Binders, plasticizers, wetting agents, solvents or sintering additives.
    The second process step, the production of a layer from the starting mixture, is advantageously carried out by adjusting the parameters of the starting mixture such that the starting mixture is castable and the layer is essentially produced from the starting mixture by casting.
    If you bring the layer e.g. on a support, preferably an endless carrier belt, the layer thickness can be set in a simple manner over a gap having a predetermined height. By the height of this layer, the height of the present at the end of the manufacturing process grinding body can be adjusted, the height in the course of the sintering process - mainly due to the reduction of the liquid content - by up to 50%, on average between 5% and 20%, decreases .. As low has a height of the grinding wheels of a maximum of 5.0 mm, preferably from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm, with respect to the grinding performance proved.
    In the third process step, the subdivision of the layer of the starting mixture into shaped material sections is preferably carried out by embossing or stamping. For this, e.g. a roller are used whose outer surface is structured accordingly.
    The breaking of the plate-shaped body into abrasive bodies in the case of the fourth method step advantageously takes place in a breaking device.
    With regard to the breaking of the plate-shaped body into abrasive bodies, it has turned out to be favorable that the layer is provided with solid break edges in a further method step. For this purpose, in principle, several possibilities are available: For example, to generate the predetermined breaking edges, a mesh or lattice-shaped structure, preferably made of plastic, be incorporated into the layer, wherein the mesh or lattice-like structure during sintering, i. at temperatures of 800 ° C and 1400 ° C, but burns at lower temperatures, e.g. present in any pre-drying process, is heat resistant. Another possibility for generating the predetermined breaking edges is that they are impressed on the layer of the starting mixture, preferably by means of a roller. During crushing or after breaking of the plate-shaped body, a size selection of the abrasive particles can be done by sieving: If the abrasive particles are small enough, they are eliminated through a sieve.
    With regard to a particularly good grinding performance, abrasive bodies having a substantially triangular base area have proved to be advantageous, the shortest side of the triangular base area being between 0.2 mm and 10.0 mm long.
    Further advantageous embodiments of the subject process for the production of abrasive articles are characterized in that the layer of the starting mixture predried after their production and / or wound up for intermediate storage or in segments, which are stacked subsequently, is divided.
    Further advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the figures and the associated description of the figures. Showing:
    1a and 1b show two alternative embodiments of the method according to the invention in the form of flowcharts,
    2a and 2b diagrams for the possible technical implementation of these embodiments, and
    Fig. 3 in a schematic representation of an advantageous form of the abrasive body produced.
    1a and 1b, the two alternative solutions of the method 1 according to the invention for the production of abrasive bodies are schematically illustrated by flow diagrams. In the first solution (see FIG. 1a), in a first method step i, first a starting mixture of at least one abrasive, a ceramic or organic binding agent and a plasticizer. Subsequently, in the course of a second method step ii, a layer is produced from the starting mixture with a predetermined, uniform layer thickness. In the third, subsequent process step iii, the layer of the starting mixture is divided into shaped sections of material and the shaped sections of material are finally sintered into abrasive bodies.
    In the second alternative solution (cf. FIG. 1b), method steps i and ii are carried out in the same way. Subsequently, in the process step, which is designated by iv in the flow diagram, the layer of the starting mixture is sintered to form a plate-shaped body and the plate-shaped body is subsequently broken into individual grinding bodies.
    An exemplary technical implementation of these two solutions is shown schematically in Figures 2a and 2b: In both cases, first, a starting mixture 3 is provided in a certain composition ratio. The existing in this starting mixture 3 abrasive in the form of diamond, corundum, silicon carbide and / or boron nitride are provided with the reference numeral 4. In the illustrated embodiments, it is a castable starting mixture.
    To produce a layer 5 from the starting mixture 3, the starting mixture 3 is poured onto a support 12 in the form of an endless carrier belt, which is guided over the rolling elements 16 and 17. The starting mixture 3 is subsequently transported by the movement of the endless carrier belt 12 through a gap device 13 with a predetermined gap height. In this way, the layer 5 receives from the starting mixture 3 a predetermined, uniform layer thickness 6. After their production, the layer 5 is pre-dried from the starting mixture 3 by means of a heater 18 at a temperature between 50 ° C and 500 ° C. Up to this time, the processes shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b are the same.
    In the case of the production method shown in FIG. 2a, the layer 5 of the starting mixture 3 is subdivided into shaped material sections 7 after predrying or stamping by means of a roller 14. These are then fed to a known sintering process, which is carried out at a temperature between 800 ° C and 1400 ° C. Thus, the manufacturing process of the abrasive body 2 is completed.
    In the case of the alternative production method shown in FIG. 2b, predetermined breaking edges 9 are impressed onto the layer 5 of the starting mixture 3 after predrying of the layer 5 of the starting mixture 3 by means of a roller 20. Subsequently, the layer 5 of the starting mixture 3 is divided into plate-shaped body 8, which are subsequently sintered in a corresponding furnace 19. The plate-shaped body 8 are then fed to a breaking device 15 and broken in this. Fragments smaller than a predetermined size are selected by means of a screening device 21. Thus, the manufacturing process of the abrasive body 2 is completed in this case.
    Finally, FIG. 3 schematically shows an advantageous embodiment of the produced abrasive bodies 2. In this embodiment, the grinding bodies 2 have a substantially triangular base area 10, the shortest side 11 of the triangular base area 10 being between 0.2 mm and 10.0 mm long. The height 22 of the grinding wheels 2 is between 0.2 mm and 1.0 mm. The grinding bodies 2 consist essentially of a ceramic bond and embedded abrasives 4 in the form of diamond, corundum, silicon carbide and / or boron nitride.
    Innsbruck, 17 December 2013
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. Method (1) for the production of abrasive bodies (2), characterized by the temporally successive process steps: i. Providing a starting mixture (3) of at least one abrasive (4), a ceramic or organic binder and a plasticizer, ii. Producing a layer (5) from the starting mixture (3) with a predetermined, uniform layer thickness (6), and iii. Dividing the layer (5) of the starting mixture (3) into shaped material sections (7) and sintering the shaped material sections (7) into grinding bodies (2), or iv. Sintering the layer (5) of the starting mixture (3) into a plate-shaped body (8) and breaking the plate-shaped body (8) into grinding bodies (2).
    [2]
    2. Method (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a castable starting mixture (3) is provided and the production of the layer (5) from the starting mixture (3) is effected essentially by casting.
    [3]
    3. The method (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grinding bodies (2) have a height (22) of at most 5.0 mm, preferably from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm.
    [4]
    4. The method (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the layer (5) is provided in a further method step with predetermined breaking edges (9).
    [5]
    5. The method (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that for generating the predetermined breaking edges, a mesh or lattice-shaped structure, preferably made of plastic, in the layer (5) is stored, wherein the mesh or lattice-shaped structure burns during sintering.
    [6]
    6. The method (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the predetermined breaking edges (9) on the layer (5) of the starting mixture (3), preferably by means of a roller (20), are impressed.
    [7]
    7. The method (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that during or after the breaking of the plate-shaped body (8), a size selection of the grinding body (2) by sieving.
    [8]
    8. The method (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the grinding bodies (2) have a substantially triangular base surface (10), wherein the shortest side (11) of the triangular base surface (10) between 0.2 mm and 10.0 mm long.
    [9]
    9. Method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the layer (5) from the starting mixture (3) pre-dried after their production and / or wound up for intermediate storage or divided into segments which are stacked.
    [10]
    10. The method (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that as the abrasive (4) diamond, corundum, silicon carbide and / or boron nitride are used.
    [11]
    11. The method (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the layer (5) from the starting mixture (3) on a support (12), preferably an endless carrier belt, is generated.
    [12]
    12. Method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the layer thickness (6) of the layer (5) produced from the starting mixture (3) is adjusted via a gap (13) with a predetermined height.
    [13]
    13. Method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the subdivision of the layer of the starting mixture (3) into shaped material sections (7) takes place by embossing or punching.
    [14]
    14. Method (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that embossing or punching takes place by means of at least one roller (14).
    [15]
    15. The method (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the breaking of the plate-shaped body (8) takes place in a breaking device (15). Innsbruck, 17 December 2013
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA970/2013A|AT515258B1|2013-12-18|2013-12-18|Process for producing abrasive bodies|ATA970/2013A| AT515258B1|2013-12-18|2013-12-18|Process for producing abrasive bodies|
    EP14828437.5A| EP3083869B1|2013-12-18|2014-12-09|Method for the production of abrasive articles|
    ES14828437T| ES2774675T3|2013-12-18|2014-12-09|Grinding wheel manufacturing method|
    PCT/AT2014/000219| WO2015089529A1|2013-12-18|2014-12-09|Method for the production of abrasive articles|
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