• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An airspring for railway vehicles with improvement is provided to reduce or eliminate the occurrence of defects. By reworking the structure of a part where an elastic member such as rubber and a lower support come into contact with each other, defects are prevented by "releasing the bond" in which the lower end of the elastic member disengages from the lower support. To accomplish this, the rail vehicle air spring includes an air spring member extending from an upper support on the vehicle body side, a middle support located below, and a rubber diaphragm extending between the upper support and the middle support. is formed; and an elastic mechanism b formed by a rubber compound 5 located between the center carrier and a lower carrier 4 disposed below the bogie side. The rubber compound 5 has one end in contact with the lower support 4, which is formed as an enlarged end 5A, whose diameter in the direction of the lower support 4 in the vertical direction is getting larger. An outer peripheral part of this enlarged end is fitted into and bound to an annular groove 12 formed in the lower support 4, and the annular groove 12 has an annular bottom 12A inclined so that its height decreases radially outwardly to become an annular one to yield to tapered bottom 12a.
    公开号:AT515230A1
    申请号:T9567/2011
    申请日:2011-07-08
    公开日:2015-07-15
    发明作者:Kenji Fujimoto
    申请人:Toyo Tire & Rubber Co；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: AIR SPRING FOR RAIL VEHICLE TECHNICAL FIELD
    [0001]
    The present invention relates to an airspring for railway vehicles, and more particularly to an airspring for rail vehicles having an air spring member consisting of an upper support on a vehicle body side, a lower support disposed therebelow and a diaphragm of elastic material extending between the upper support and the middle support ; and an elastic mechanism formed by an elastic member located between the middle carrier and a lower carrier disposed below it on the bogie side.
    STATE OF THE ART
    [0002]
    Air springs for rail vehicles of this kind are known as disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. These springs are designed to include an elastic mechanism having a laminated rubber structure integrally mounted under an air spring member, so that the rail vehicle with these two types of springs , combined and arranged in series, can have a favorable suspension performance.
    [0003]
    The rubber and a lower support constituting the elastic mechanism are usually bonded together by bonding (such as vulcanization bonding or adhesive bonding). In order to obtain a favorable bonding strength between the rubber and the lower support, it is known that at one end of the rubber in contact with the lower support, the diameter increases towards the lower support to give the shape of an enlarged end (ie, increased toward the End), as shown in Patent Document 3 (Aufhängevor¬richtung for rail vehicles). This technique is also used in other technical fields than air springs for rail vehicles, such as e.g. in Patent Document 4 (seismic isolation device).
    [0004]
    Since the loading conditions, etc. for air springs for rail vehicles are becoming ever harder, there has been a problem that the end of an elastic member in the elastic mechanism tends to easily disengage from the lower support. The elastic member, e.g. Rubber may have an end machined to have a structure in which the elastic member is enlarged downward, with a smooth concave curved surface and connection to the lower support (see Fig. 2), or a structure in which the lower one End of the elastic member on the outer peripheral edge has a certain thickness in the vertical direction (see Fig. 4), or a two-step down expanded structure having an upper, first concave curved surface and a lower, second concave curved surface (see Fig. 3). A problem arises in that with any elastic mechanism having these structures, separation or detachment of the lower end of the elastic member from the outer periphery can easily occur.
    [0005]
    The rubber member (as an example of elastic material) in the elastic mechanism is usually produced by molding using the lower support. Gum is poured on the lower support, which has been coated with adhesive in advance. It has been found that during the vulcanization process of the rubber, the adhesive coating flows away with the incoming rubber (when the elastic material is poured in), so that very little or almost no adhesive remains at the ends, which is why it adheres to the rubber Ends can easily come to a dissolution. This problem also occurs with elastic materials other than rubber, e.g. with elastic synthetic resin.
    LITERATURE TO THE STATE OF THE ART PATENT DOCUMENTS
    [0006]
    Patent Document 1: JP 2007-046718 A
    Patent Document 2: JP 2005-231464 APATT 3: JP 2008-302845 APATT 4: JP 2005-147220 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED WITH THE INVENTION
    [0007]
    An object of the present invention is to provide an airspring for railway vehicles with an improvement based on a revised structure of that part where the elastic material comes in contact with the lower beam to reduce or eliminate the occurrence of defects by causing errors by the "Loosening of the binding" can be prevented, in which a lower end of an elastic material, such as rubber, separates from a lower support.
    SOLUTIONS FOR THE PROBLEMS
    [0008]
    The invention as recited in claim 1 is characterized in that an airspring for railway vehicles includes: an air spring member a constituted by an upper bracket 1 on a vehicle body side, an intermediate bracket 2 disposed below the upper bracket 1, and a diaphragm 3 made of elastic material; extending between the upper support 1 and the intermediate support 2; and an elastic mechanism b constituted by an elastic member 5 provided between the intermediate support 2 and a lower support 4 disposed on the bogie side below the intermediate support 2, the elastic member 5 having one end in contact with the lower support 4 which is formed as an enlarged end 5A whose diameter becomes larger and larger in the direction of the lower support 4 of an inverted direction with an outer peripheral part of this enlarged end 5A fitted and bonded to an annular groove 12 formed in the lower support 4, and the annular groove 12 has an annular bottom 12A that is inclined so that its height decreases radially outward, resulting in an annular, tapered bottom 12a.
    [0009]
    The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that in an air spring for rail vehicles according to claim 1, the annular bottom 12A is constructed so that it has an annular horizontal outer peripheral bottom 12c, the horizontal and continuous with a radially outer side of the annular tapered bottom 12a.
    [0010]
    The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in an air spring for rail vehicles according to claim 1 or 2, the elastic member 5 between the central support 2 and the lower support 4 is in a state in which the elastic member has a generally barrel-like outer contour having the largest diameter in the middle part in the height direction.
    [0011]
    The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in a rail vehicle air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the elastic member 5 is made of rubber.
    EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION
    [0012]
    According to the invention described in claim 1, as described in the section " Embodiments " in detail, an enlarged end is adhered in an annular groove in a larger area, so that it is not possible (or hardly possible) for the adhesive applied in the annular groove to flow out of the annular groove with the inflowing unvulcanized rubber during molding. Thereby a necessary and sufficient amount of adhesive is ensured so that the downwardly enlarged end and the annular groove or the lower support are firmly bound together as intended. Since the bottom of the annular groove is formed as an annular tapered bottom which is inclined at an angle so as to reduce the height radially outward, none are formed
    Air pockets when pouring unvarnished rubber into the mold, providing the benefit of stable product quality. Thus, by revising the structure of that part where the elastic material and the lower support come into contact with each other, the defects are prevented or reduced by "releasing the bond" whereby the lower end of the elastic material comes off the lower support, and so an air spring can for rail vehicles with an improvement to reduce or eliminate the occurrence of errors.
    [0013]
    According to the invention described in claim 2, no air bubbles remain in the inner corners when the elastic material is poured in molding, and the contact area between an annular outer peripheral part of the downwardly enlarged end and the annular bottom is increased, which additionally brings the advantage of stronger bonding by the adhesive , In fact, the above-described effects of the invention according to claim 1 are enhanced.
    [0014]
    In the present invention as described in claim 3, the elastic member may have a generally barrel-shaped outer contour with the largest diameter in a middle part in the height direction; As set forth in claim 4, the elastic member may be made of rubber, which is excellent in versatility and cost-performance ratio.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0015]
    Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing the construction of an air spring for railway vehicles.
    Fig. 2 shows essential parts of an enlarged end, in which Fig. 2 (a) shows a first embodiment and Fig. 2 (b) shows a first variation example.
    Fig. 3 shows essential parts of an enlarged end, in which Fig. 3 (a) shows a second embodiment and Fig. 3 (b) shows a second variation example.
    Fig. 4 shows essential parts of an enlarged end, in which Fig. 4 (a) shows a third embodiment and Fig. 4 (b) shows a third variation example.
    EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
    [0016]
    Embodiments of an air spring for rail vehicles according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figs. 2 (a) to 4 (a) are diagrams showing enlarged ends 5A in 1st to 3rd embodiments, while Figs. 2 (b) to 4 (b) are diagrams of 1st to 3rd variation examples are.
    1. EMBODIMENT
    [0017]
    Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show an air spring A for rail vehicles (hereinafter simply referred to as " air spring "). This air spring A is constructed so as to form an air spring part a formed by an upper bracket 1 on the vehicle body side, a middle bracket 2 disposed thereunder, and a diaphragm 3 made of rubber (as an example of an elastic material) extending between the first two, and having an elastic mechanism b formed by the central support 2, a lower support 4 arranged lower therefrom on the bogie side and an elastic member 5 arranged between the middle and lower supports. The upper beam 1 is held on a vehicle body of a railroad vehicle (not shown) via a cylindrical boss le having a vertical center axis P in the center, while the lower beam 4 is supported on a bogie (not shown) via a cylindrical shaft 4C having a center axis P in the middle. is held.
    [0018]
    The upper bracket 1 is disc-shaped with an upper disc 1a, a lower disc 1b, a bottomed cylindrical portion 1c, an upper seat ld, the cylindrical projection le, etc. The upper disc 1a and the lower disc 1b are both made of sheet steel and from above or bottomed, circular shape and are stacked on top of each other, with the cylindrical round projection le passing through its center. The bottomed cylindrical member 1c is a cup-shaped steel sheet fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the lower disc 1b, and the upper seat ld is an annular rubber member integrally formed on the radially outer side of the cylindrical member 1b with the lower side of the lower disc 1b is appropriate. The cylindrical round protrusion le having the center axis P is fixed to extend to the bottom through the upper and lower discs 1a and 1b and the cylindrical member 1c, respectively. The upper seat ld is formed thinly around the outer circumference of the cylindrical part 1c with bottom and thick under and inside the lower disc 1b, becoming increasingly thicker downwardly radially outward (to give generally the shape of an inverted shell). An annular sliding plate 6 made of stainless steel is by gluing o.ä. integrally attached to the bottom surface of the cylindrical part lc with bottom.
    [0019]
    The diaphragm 3 is formed so as to form an upper weld seam 3a press-fitted into an upper edge part (in the form of a ring around the center axis P) formed by the lower disc 1b, the cylindrical part 1c with bottom and an upper seat ld is, an upper disk part 3b, which is received in a wide range from the upper seat ld, a main body 3c, which is widest at the side, and a lower weld 3d adapted to the middle carrier 2 is included. The lower weld 3d is pressed into a lower edge part (in the form of a ring about the central axis P), which is formed by an outer peripheral surface 2a of the main disk 2A and an attachment ring 7 which exactly matches the outer circumference of a flange part 2F is. Namely, the diaphragm 3 is constructed to have the structure of a "self-sealing diaphragm". has, with the diaphragm 3 is exactly adapted to both the upper carrier 1 and to the central support 2, without a fastening structure with bolts or the like, and a tire and a wheel in a car.
    [0020]
    The center support 2 is constructed so as to include the metal main disc 2A having the outer peripheral surface 2a and the flange part 2F and a metal peripheral plate 2B fixed to the lower surface of the main disc 2A by bolts. The fixing ring 7 integrally attached to the outer periphery of the flange part 2F is a ring-like rubber member having an inner reinforcing ring 8. An annular sliding plate 11 made of a low-friction material such as fluorine resin is integrally fixed to the upper surface of the main disk 2A.
    [0021]
    The lower support plate 4 is constituted by a shim 4A supporting the integral elastic member 5, a generally shallow plate-like support plate 4B accommodating the shim 4a fitted therein, and the above-mentioned cylindrical shaft 4C fixedly connected to the shim 4B. The placement disk 4A is fixed to the carrier disk 4B by means of screws 9 and pins 10. The lower support plate 4 is a circular member having a central axis P at the center.
    [0022]
    The elastic body 5 is constituted by a rubber compound which lies between the placing disk 4A, the supporting disk 4B and the inner peripheral plate 2B above and below each bonded thereto by vulcanization adhesion.
    This rubber mass 5 has a downwardly increasing diameter like a convex lens, but the diameter always becomes smaller from the vicinity of the lower end toward the lower end and becomes larger again at the lower end. In other words, the lower end is enlarged downwards.
    Further, the upper end is also enlarged upward. The cylindrical shaft 4C has an insertion hole 4c extending vertically through the shaft, and above the cylindrical shaft 4C and a center portion of the support disk 4B, a recess 5k is formed in the rubber ground 5, which is provided with the entry hole 4c communicates.
    [0023]
    The rubber compound 5 is located between the middle carrier 2 and the lower carrier 4 in a state with a general barrel-like contour, wherein the diameter in the middle part in the height direction is greatest, and an end (ie the lower end) of the Rubber compound 5 in contact with the lower support 4 is formed as a downwardly enlarged end (enlarged end) 5A, the diameter of which increases in the vertical direction toward the lower support 4. One end (i.e., the upper end) of the rubber compound 5 in contact with the center carrier 2 is formed as an enlarged end (i.e., enlarged end) 5B whose diameter becomes larger in the vertical direction in the direction of the center carrier 2.
    [0024]
    Next, the downwardly enlarged end 5A will be described. Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) both show the part X in Fig. 1 on a larger scale. One end of the rubber mass 5 in contact with the lower support, i. the downwardly enlarged end 5A is formed as an enlarged end whose diameter becomes larger and larger in the direction toward the lower support 4 in the vertical direction, and the outer peripheral part of the enlarged end is fitted into and bound to the annular groove 12 formed in the lower support 4. The annular groove 12, which, seen from above and below, has the shape of a ring around the center axis P, is shaped to have an annular, tapered bottom 12a inclined at an angle α to the horizontal, and an outer Peripheral wall 12baufweist. Namely, the annular groove 12 is structured so as to have an annular tapered bottom 12a inclined so that the height position of the annular bottom 12A decreases radially outward.
    [0025]
    The downwardly enlarged end 5A at the lower end of the elastic member 5 becomes, as shown in Fig. 2 (a), an annular outer peripheral part 5a fitted in the annular groove 12 formed in the disposition disk 4A and an annular transition part 5b smooth concave curve line formed, ie an edge line 5c connecting the upper surface 5d of the annular outer peripheral part 5a and an outer peripheral surface 5h of the main body 5H of the rubber compound.
    [0026]
    For the preparation of the rubber compound 5, a molding technique, not shown, may be used, wherein unvulcanized rubber is poured into a mold, the lower substrate 4 being mounted in the mold, for example. In this case, the upper surface of the lower substrate 4 may be coated in advance with adhesive, so that the adhesive may produce stronger bonding between the rubber compound 5 and the lower substrate 4 in addition to the adhesive action (i.e., adhesion by vulcanization) achieved by vulcanization on the lower substrate 4.
    If in a conventional air spring, i. an airspring for railway vehicles in which the lower support is simply provided with a flat upper surface, unvulcanized rubber is poured onto the adhesive coated lower support, the pre-applied adhesive flows radially inwardly outwardly with the flow of unvulcanized rubber away, resulting in poor adhesion to the outer peripheral ends, which tends to result in premature detachment (separation of the ends).
    [0027]
    In contrast, in the rail vehicle air spring of the present invention as shown in Fig. 2 (a), the rubber compound 5 is provided with the downwardly flaring end 5A which is formed by pouring rubber into the annular one Groove 12 formed by a recess downwardly from the upper surface 4a of the deployment disk 4A, so that the rubber is adhered in a wider area to the annular tapered bottom 12a and the outer peripheral wall 12b and it is not (or hardly) possible to that the adhesive applied in the annular groove 12 flows outwardly with the inflowing, unvulcanized rubber from the annular groove 12 during molding. As a result, a required, sufficient amount of adhesive is ensured, so that the downwardly enlarged end 5A and the annular groove 12, or the lower support 4, firmly adhere together.
    While the adhesive effect by the vulcanization of the rubber and the adhesive effect by the adhesive in this Embodiment 1 are used in combination, sufficient bonding can be achieved even with only an adhesive coating. The air spring is therefore improved so that less or no defects occur That is, since the desired adhesive effect is achieved by the adhesive between the downwardly enlarged end 5A and the placement disk 4A (lower support 4), defects caused by the "release of the bond" in which the lower end of the rubber mass 5 comes off the lower support 4 are forgiven ,
    [0029]
    Further, since the annular tapered bottom 12a is inclined at an angle α such that the height decreases radially outward, no air pockets are formed when the unvulcanized rubber is poured in molding, which brings the advantage of stable product quality. For example, if the annular groove 12 is formed by rectangular inner and outer peripheral walls and a horizontal annular bottom wall (not shown) to give a rectangular cross-sectional shape, due to the viscosity of the unvulcanized rubber poured during molding, in FIG Leaving behind the inner corners air bubbles, where the ring-shaped bottom wall and the inner peripheral wall meet, so it can easily come to a solution of the bond, which also represents an obstacle to a stable product quality. In the inventive air spring with the annular, tapered bottom 12a it does not solve this problem.
    [0030]
    The downwardly enlarged end 5A may be shaped to mate with the annular bottom 12A, with an annular horizontal outer peripheral bottom 12c that is horizontal and continuous with the annular tapered bottom 12a on the radially outside, as shown in FIG. 2 (b ). This construction ensures that air bubbles will not remain in the inner corners when non-vulcanized rubber is poured during molding, and offers the advantage of stronger bonding by the adhesive, since the
    Contact area between the annular outer peripheral portion 5ade downwardly enlarged end 5A and the annular bottom 12A is greater than in Fig. 2 (a). The angle β between the annular tapered bottom 12a and the upper surface 4a is slightly larger than the angle α shown in Fig. 2 (a), but may be less than or equal to α. The same applies to the angle β in Fig. 3 (b) and Fig. 4 (b).
    2. EMBODIMENT
    [0031]
    The downwardly enlarged end 5A may have a shape in which the ridge line 5c shown in Fig. 2 (a) is replaced by an upper large arcuate part 13 and a lower small curve part 14, as shown in Fig. 3 (a) The large and small curved parts 13 and 14, respectively, are curved surfaces that are bent in the shape of a circular arc (or quasi-circle arc) to be concave to the outside when viewed in the vertical direction in the transverse direction section are continuously formed in two stages.
    [0032]
    In this form, when the elastic mechanism b undergoes large-lateral deformation and the downwardly enlarged end 5A bends, the zenith Z connecting the large and small curved portions 13 and 14, respectively, which are two-stage curved surfaces, is used Turning point, ie that the zenith Z, where the thickness is large, is at the lowest point of the curvature, no deep folds are formed in the bending part. The downwardly enlarged end 5A therefore resists repeated deformations and will not peel off or crack, which may lead to faults or breakage of the elastic member 5, and therefore, the entire elastic member 5 can be ensured a long life for a long period of time.
    [0033]
    The downwardly enlarged end 5A may be formed to correspond to the annular bottom 12A, with an annular horizontal outer circumferential bottom 12c that is horizontal and continuous with the annular tapered bottom 12a on the radially outside, as shown in FIG 3 (b). This variation example of the 2nd embodiment shown in Fig. 3 (b) has the same effects (stronger bonding) as the variation example of the 1st embodiment shown in Fig. 2 (b).
    3. EMBODIMENT
    [0034]
    The downwardly enlarged end 5A may have a shape in which the small curved part 14 shown in FIG. 3 is replaced by a vertical wall 15 forming a right-angled corner to the upper surface 5d of the annular outer peripheral part 5a in Fig. 4 (a) is shown.
    [0035]
    The downwardly enlarged end 5A may be formed to correspond to the annular bottom 12A, with an annular horizontal outer circumferential bottom 12c that is horizontal and continuous with the annular tapered bottom 12a on the radially outer side as in FIG. 4 (b) is shown. This variation example of the small curved part of the 3rd embodiment shown in Fig. 4 (b) has the same effects (stronger bonding) as the variation example of the 1st embodiment shown in Fig. 2 (b).
    [Other Embodiments]
    The elastic mechanism b may be constructed to have a laminated rubber structure composed of plural layers of an elastic material such as rubber. Rubber, and one or more hard material plates (s), e.g. Metal, wherein the layer and the plate are alternately stacked one above the other and located between the central support 2 above and the lower support 4 below. The structure of the downwardly enlarged end 5A shown in Figs. 4 can also be used for the upwardly enlarged end (i.e., the enlarged end) 5B.
    LEGEND
    1: upper support 2: middle support 3: diaphragm 4: lower support 5: elastic member 5A: enlarged end 12: annular groove 12A: annular bottom 12a: annular tapered bottom 12c: annular horizontal outer circumferential base: air spring part B: elastic mechanism
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    CLAIMS 1. An air spring for railway vehicles, comprising: an air spring member formed by an upper bracket on a vehicle body side, a middle bracket disposed below the upper bracket, and an elastic material diaphragm extending between the upper bracket and the middle bracket; and an elastic mechanism constituted by an elastic member baffled below the middle support between the middle support and a lower support, the elastic member having one end in contact with the lower support formed as an enlarged end whose diameter is in Direction to the lower beam in the vertical direction becomes larger, an outer peripheral part of this enlarged end being fitted and bonded to an annular groove formed in the lower beam, and the annular groove having an annular bottom which is so inclined that its height decreases radially outwardly, so that an annular, tapered bottom results.
    [2]
    2. The railroad air spring according to claim 1, wherein the annular bottom is configured to have an annular horizontal outer circumferential bottom that is horizontal and concurrent with a radially outer side of the annular tapered bottom.
    [3]
    The railroad air spring according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the elastic member between the center support and the lower support is in a state of having a generally barrel-shaped outer contour with the largest diameter in a middle part in the height direction.
    [4]
    4. The air spring for railway vehicles according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the elastic member is made of rubber.
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    同族专利:
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    WO2014127344A2|2013-02-18|2014-08-21|Firestone Industrial Products Company, Llc|End member assemblies as well as gas spring assemblies and methods of manufacture including same|
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    WO2018073862A1|2016-10-17|2018-04-26|住友電気工業株式会社|Air spring and bogie|
    法律状态:
    2019-10-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: NITTA CHEMICAL INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS CO., LTD., JP Effective date: 20190905 |
    2020-03-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20190708 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/JP2011/065723|WO2013008290A1|2011-07-08|2011-07-08|Air spring for railroad car|
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