• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a metering device (1) for granules (2) for use in litter systems for vehicles, having a housing (3) which can be arranged in the interior of a container (12) for the granules (2) and having at least one inlet opening (4) for the granules (2) and an outlet (5), which outlet (5) can be closed with a sealing element (6), wherein the sealing element (6) on a by a spring (7) biased axially displaceable in a compressed air cylinder (8) metering piston (9 ), wherein a compressed air connection (10) is provided on the compressed air cylinder (8) so that the metering piston (9) can be opened by means of compressed air against the spring (7) and the outlet (5) can be opened. According to the invention, the spring (7) is executed at least in two stages, so that the stroke of the metering piston can be changed at least in two stages.
    公开号:AT515060A1
    申请号:T50664/2013
    申请日:2013-10-15
    公开日:2015-05-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Bartling Werner；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a metering device for granules, comprising a housing which can be arranged in the interior of a container for the granules and having at least one inlet opening for the granulate and an outlet, which outlet can be closed by a sealing element.
    By the term " granules " is a granular to pulverförmi¬ger, easily pourable solid to understand, for example, scattered or debris sand, as it is used to improve the Bremswir¬kung between the wheels of vehicles and the roadway. For example, in rail vehicles Granulatbzw. Sand from a container via a metering and conveying via a nozzle in front of the rail wheels in the gap zwi¬schen rail wheel and rail promoted to increase the resistance between rail wheel and rail and to reduce the braking distance.
    EP 2 326 519 Bl describes such a Sanddosiereinrich¬tung for sanding systems for vehicles, the sand is metered via an electrically actuated solenoid. The promotion of the granules or sand after the Dosiereinrich¬tung can be done on various methods, such as mechanical or pneumatic.
    A disadvantage of some known metering devices is that different forms of energy and energy sources, for example electrical energy for the actuation of the lifting magnet of the metering device and compressed air for the transport of the granules, are required. Since, in particular, in older rail vehicles or other systems where metering and conveying of granules is required, only compressed air is available as a source of energy, some electrically operated metering devices are eliminated.
    The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an above-mentioned metering device for granules, which can be operated without electrical energy. In particular, the metering device according to the invention should be suitable for the retrofitting of existing plants or vehicles and can be applied simply and quickly.
    According to the invention, it is provided that the sealing element is arranged on a dosing piston axially biased in a compressed air cylinder by a spring, a compressed air connection being provided on the compressed air cylinder so that the dosing piston can be moved by means of compressed air against the spring and the outlet can be opened. The objective metering device can therefore only be operated with compressed air, which is already available in some installations or vehicles, in particular rail vehicles. The construction of the present metering device is relatively simple, robust and low-maintenance. The granules are metered by adjusting the stroke of the metering piston and the duration of the opening phases of the metering piston. When using the metering device for a spreading system to improve the braking action of a Schie¬nenfahrzeuges the metering piston is kept permanently open during the braking process, so that the granules or the sand during the entire braking between the rail wheel and the rail can be conveyed to increase the friction.
    If a bush made of dimensionally stable material is arranged in the region of the outlet, on the one hand the sealing of the container for the granulate during the closed metering piston can be improved and on the other hand the wear of the components of the metering device can be reduced. The sealing of the sealing member of the metering piston to the bushing is particularly important with granules which are not allowed to become moist, for example sand, since the ingress of moisture into the container for the granules may cause the granulate to agglomerate, thereby severely affecting the metering and transport of the granules or can be blocked.
    The bushing is preferably made of highly wear-resistant plastic, for example ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. This increases the operating life of the bushing and the entire metering device and extends the maintenance interval.
    The sealing element arranged on the metering piston is preferably formed of wear-resistant elastic material. Such a wear-resistant elastic material, for example polyurethane, offers optimum properties with respect to the sealing of the outlet of the metering device and with regard to wear due to a frictional action of the granules. Of course, the dosing piston can also be formed in one piece with the sealing element.
    When the pneumatic cylinder and the metering piston are arranged vertically, an optimal flow of the granulate through the metering device can be achieved by utilizing the force of gravity without additional auxiliary measures. Such an arrangement also facilitates the removal and installation of the wear components, in particular the sealing element and the bushing at the outlet, which are arranged below the compressed air cylinder.
    According to a further feature of the invention, a device for adjusting the maximum stroke of the metering piston is provided. In this way, the amount of granules which enters the subsequent conveying device when the metering piston is open can be changed.
    The adjustment can be formed for example by a Einstell¬ screw. This is the simplest and most cost-effective way to set the maximum stroke of the metering piston.
    If the spring is designed in at least two stages, so that the stroke of the metering piston can be changed by varying the pressure of the compressed air at least in two stages, a change in the metering of the granulate can be made by changing the pressure of the compressed air. A stepped change can be achieved, for example, by arranging different springs, wherein the first spring can be compressed by a lower pressure and the second spring by a higher pressure. All that is required is a pressure of the compressed air that can be changed in two stages.
    The at least one inlet opening is preferably arranged laterally on the housing. This construction provides the granules with an optimal feed possibility into the metering device.
    Preferably, two opposite inlet openings are provided on the housing of the metering device. By arranging several feed openings, the amount of granulate which passes through the outlet when the metering piston is open can be increased without having to increase the stroke of the metering piston.
    According to a further feature of the invention, the at least one inlet opening is arranged sloping downwards, preferably at an angle of 30 to 40 ° to the horizontal. By an oblique arrangement of the container for the granules on the one hand and the inlet opening or inlet openings of the Dosiereinrichtun¬gen the gravity-induced flow of the granules is supported in the direction of metering device.
    On the underside of the housing fastening elements can be provided for fastening a device for conveying the granules. In this way, the connection with the following conveying device is facilitated at most with the interposition of a sealing element.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show:
    1 shows a variant of a compressed air-operated metering device in a horizontally sectioned view;
    2 shows a further variant of the compressed air-operated metering device in a horizontally sectioned view; undFig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a use of the compressed air-operated metering device in a sand spreading device.
    1 shows a variant of the compressed air-actuated metering device 1 in a horizontally sectioned view. The metering device 1 is arranged in a container 12 for the granulate 2 and comprises a housing 3. Preferably, at least one inlet opening 4 for the granulate 2 is arranged laterally of the housing 3. Preferably, at least one outlet 5 is arranged on the underside of the metering device 1, via which the granulate is passed on to an underlying device 16 for conveying the granulate 2. The at least one outlet 5 is closed by a sealing element 6. According to the invention the sealing element 6 is arranged on a Do¬sierkolben 9 pre-tensioned by a spring 7, axially displaceable in a compressed air cylinder 8, wherein the compressed air cylinder 8 a compressed air connection 10 is provided so that the metering piston 9 by means of compressed air against the spring 7 movable and the outlet 5öffenbar , According to the invention, the metering device 1 can be actuated exclusively with compressed air which is introduced into the compressed air cylinder via the compressed air connection 10 and moves the metering piston 9 against the force of the spring 7. The metering piston 9 is brought into the open position as long as solan¬ granules 2 is to be conveyed into the conveyor 16.
    Preferably, the sealing element 6 or the metering piston 9 is formed with an integrated sealing element 6 of wear-resistant, elastic material and in the region of the outlet 5 a bushing 11, preferably made of dimensionally stable and highly wear-resistant plastic. Thus, an optimal sealing of the interior of the container 12 for the granules 2 is achieved and prevents moisture from entering the interior of the container 12 during the disuse of a granulate 2.
    In order to be able to optimally utilize the force of gravity, the compressed air cylinder 8 and the metering piston 9 are arranged substantially perpendicularly inside the container 12 and the container 12 is beveled on the underside so that the granules 2 trickle in the direction of the metering device 1 due to the force of gravity.
    The at least one inlet opening 4, preferably two opposing inlet openings 4, are diagonally downwardly extending, preferably at an angle of 30-40 ° to the horizontal, in order to facilitate the trickling of the granules 2. To be able to set the maximum stroke Axmax of the metering piston 9, an adjusting device 13, for example an adjusting screw 14, can be arranged at the upper end of the metering piston 9. Fixing elements 15 for fastening the conveying device 16 can be provided on the underside of the metering device 1. The conveyor 16 can be designed in various ways, for example mechanically or pneumatically.
    FIG. 2 shows a further variant of the compressed air-actuated metering device in a horizontally sectioned view. Compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the spring 7 in this variant has a two-stage design, so that upon introduction of compressed air at a first pressure, the first stage of the spring 7 and with the introduction of compressed air at a higher pressure can overcome the second stage of the spring 7 as well. Thus, the metering piston 9 can be operated with two different strokes and thus a dosage of the granules 2 in two different stages take place. In the presence of a corre sponding pressure control, a stepless adjustment of the stroke Δχ of the metering piston 9 and thus a stepless adjustment of the metered quantity of granulate 2 could also be possible.
    Finally, Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a use of the air-operated metering device 1 in a sand dispenser. The metering device 1 is arranged within the container 12 for the granules 2 and connected to a device 16 located underneath for conveying the granules 2, in particular sand. The metering device 1 is supplied with compressed air from a compressed air source 17 via a solenoid valve 21 via the compressed air connection 10. At least one pressure regulator 18 is arranged to set the pressure of the compressed air for the compressed air cylinder 8. The conveyor 16 is also actuated by compressed air from the compressed air source 17 via a solenoid valve 22, which is supplied via a pressure regulator 18 and possibly a reducing nozzle 19. The reducing nozzle 19 serves to easily determine the amount of compressed air delivered and to obtain a constant compressed air flow. Separate compressed air control is achieved by means of the two separate solenoid valves 21, 22, whereby a separate adjustment of the compressed air cylinder 8 and the compressed air for conveying the granulate 2 is possible. At the exit of the conveying device 16, the granulate 2 is transported via a conveying line 20 to the desired position between the rail wheel and the rail. During braking of the rail vehicle, the metering device 1 is activated, ie the metering piston 9 is lifted in the metering device and granules 2 are transported into the conveying device 16, where it is conveyed via the conveying line 20 into the gap between rail wheel and rail and increases the frictional resistance and thus reduces the braking distance.
    The metering device 1 according to the invention is characterized by a particularly simple design and is actuated exclusively by compressed air. As a result, the metering device can be used in a particularly simple manner also in industrial plants and rail vehicles, where only compressed air is available, and no measures need to be taken to direct electrical energy to the metering device 1. As a result, the assembly effort is reduced and the possibility of ei¬nes use of the metering device 1 favors even with older rail vehicles.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    1. metering device (1) for granules (2), with a inside a container (12) for the granules (2) can be arranged housing (3) with at least one inlet opening (4) for the granules (2) and an outlet ( 5), which outlet (5) can be closed with a sealing element (6), characterized in that the sealing element (6) is mounted on a metering piston (9) which can be displaced axially by a spring (7) in a pneumatic cylinder (8). is arranged, wherein the compressed air cylinder (8) a Druck¬ luf tanschluss (10) is provided so that the metering piston (9) by means of compressed air against the spring (7) movable and the outlet (5) can be opened.
    [2]
    2. metering device (1) according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeich¬net that in the region of the outlet (5) a bushing (11) Ausformstabilem material is arranged.
    [3]
    3. metering device (1) according to claim 2, characterized gekennzeich¬net that the bush (11) is formed of highly wear-resistant plastic.
    [4]
    4. metering device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, da¬durch characterized in that the sealing element (6) is formed from wear-resistant elastic material.
    [5]
    5. metering device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, da¬durch characterized in that the compressed air cylinder (8) and the Do¬sierkolben (9) is arranged vertically.
    [6]
    6. metering device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, da¬durch characterized in that a device (13) for adjusting the maximum stroke (Äxmax) of the metering piston (9) is provided.
    [7]
    7. Metering device according to claim 6, characterized in that the adjusting device (13) by an adjusting screw (14) is formed.
    [8]
    8. dosing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, da¬durch characterized in that the spring (7) is formed at least two stages, so that the stroke (Δχ) of the metering piston (9) byVariation of the pressure of the compressed air at least in two stages is changeable.
    [9]
    9. dosing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, da¬durch characterized in that the at least one inlet opening (4) is arranged laterally on the housing (3).
    [10]
    10. Metering device (1) according to claim 9, characterized gekennzeich¬net that two opposite inlet openings (4) on the housing (3) are provided.
    [11]
    11. metering device (1) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized ge indicates that the at least one inlet opening (4) extending obliquely downward, preferably at an angle of 30 to 40 ° to the horizontal, is arranged.
    [12]
    12. metering device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, da¬durch characterized in that on the underside of the housing (3) fastening elements (15) for fixing a device (16) for conveying the granules (2) are provided.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    EP2311653B1|2013-03-13|Sanding device for a rail vehicle
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    DE2051141C|1973-06-14|Dosing and conveying device for powder particles to be entrained in a gas stream
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    DE4324240A1|1995-01-26|Automatically working device for apportioning feed, in particular for pigs
    DE1782425A1|1971-08-26|Cattle feeding device
    CH184142A|1936-05-15|Method for displaying and regulating the level of the product in a container.
    WO2000025928A1|2000-05-11|Milling machine
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    RU2016118704A3|2018-06-14|
    RU2016118704A|2017-11-21|
    CN105813917A|2016-07-27|
    CA2925767A1|2015-04-23|
    EP3057844B1|2019-12-18|
    PL3057844T3|2020-05-18|
    CA2925767C|2021-05-25|
    WO2015055723A1|2015-04-23|
    ES2774674T3|2020-07-22|
    US9637140B2|2017-05-02|
    EP3057844A1|2016-08-24|
    AT515060B1|2015-08-15|
    RU2661244C2|2018-07-13|
    CN105813917B|2018-03-02|
    US20160332639A1|2016-11-17|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR593382A|1925-02-11|1925-08-21|Compressed air operated sand pit for all vehicles on rail or not|
    US2155214A|1937-11-24|1939-04-18|Westinghouse Air Brake Co|Rail sanding device|
    US2606781A|1949-05-31|1952-08-12|Charles H Cummings|Sand pipe dispensing nozzle|
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    EP0656292A1|1993-12-01|1995-06-07|Forges De Belles-Ondes|Sanding device with a recipient containing granular matter, particularly sand, for a wheel of a rail coach|
    DE29721340U1|1997-12-03|1998-02-26|Fuesmann Dieter|Sand dosing device for rail vehicles|
    US417214A|1889-12-17|Sand-box valve |
    US1852505A|1930-12-18|1932-04-05|Thomas O Curtis|Locomotive sand-pipe pilot machine|
    FR803127A|1935-06-08|1936-09-23|Sandblaster-sandblaster for locomotives|
    FR813959A|1936-02-08|1937-06-12|Sand pit|
    US3885823A|1973-08-03|1975-05-27|Poy Lee|Winter emergency brake system|
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    DE3410409A1|1984-03-21|1985-09-26|Knorr-Bremse GmbH, 8000 München|Device for dispensing sand for rail vehicles|
    SU1211119A1|1984-05-04|1986-02-15|Производственное Объединение "Ворошиловградский Тепловозостроительный Завод Им.Октябрьской Революции"|Device for controlling locomotive sand box|
    US5020701A|1989-05-22|1991-06-04|Donelson Harlan J|Grain spreading device for grain bins|
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    DE29721334U1|1997-12-03|1998-02-05|Zischke Klaus Dieter|Interior securing of cab doors on motorhomes, vans and other trucks|
    DK1625892T3|2003-05-22|2007-07-30|Ind Penalver Sl|Pneumatic fluid delivery gun|
    AT507381B1|2008-09-22|2010-07-15|Nowe Gmbh|SANDDING AND SEPARATING DEVICE|
    DE102011108799A1|2011-07-29|2013-01-31|Vermes Microdispensing GmbH|Dosing system and dosing process|
    US8746501B2|2011-10-31|2014-06-10|Nordson Corporation|Pneumatically actuated liquid dispensing valve and method|AT521564B1|2018-08-06|2022-01-15|Nowe Gmbh|Device for spreading granules|
    US11085545B2|2018-09-26|2021-08-10|National Coupling Company, Inc.|Pilot-actuated spool valve having rod retainer|
    US10435038B1|2018-11-09|2019-10-08|Mark G. Keffeler|Locomotive sanding system|
    AT521693B1|2019-01-11|2020-04-15|Nowe Gmbh|Method for controlling a device for metering granules and metering device for metering granules|
    法律状态:
    2016-09-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: NOWE GMBH, DE Effective date: 20160718 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50664/2013A|AT515060B1|2013-10-15|2013-10-15|Dosing device for granules|ATA50664/2013A| AT515060B1|2013-10-15|2013-10-15|Dosing device for granules|
    RU2016118704A| RU2661244C2|2013-10-15|2014-10-15|Metering device for the granulated product|
    CN201480056814.5A| CN105813917B|2013-10-15|2014-10-15|Metering device for granular materials|
    ES14786168T| ES2774674T3|2013-10-15|2014-10-15|Discharge device for granules|
    PCT/EP2014/072129| WO2015055723A1|2013-10-15|2014-10-15|Metering device for granular material|
    US15/029,562| US9637140B2|2013-10-15|2014-10-15|Metering device for granular material|
    EP14786168.6A| EP3057844B1|2013-10-15|2014-10-15|Metering device for granular material|
    CA2925767A| CA2925767C|2013-10-15|2014-10-15|Metering device for granular material|
    PL14786168T| PL3057844T3|2013-10-15|2014-10-15|Metering device for granular material|
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