• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a calibration tool (2) for producing a crown on a sintered component (1), in particular on teeth of a sintered component (1) having a toothing, comprising a calibration tool base (4) in which a calibrating insert (5) is held the calibration insert (5) has a recess (9) for receiving the sintered component (1) to be calibrated or for receiving a pressure pin (35), and wherein the calibration insert (5) is adjustable in a direction perpendicular to a pressing direction, so that a diameter (12 ) of the recess (9) can be reduced or enlarged, and an adjusting device is provided, which acts on the calibration insert (5) for changing the diameter (12) of the recess (9), and wherein on an inner surface (13) or an outer surface (19) of the calibration insert (5) a recessed area (15) or a raised area (29) is formed for producing the crown.
    公开号:AT514778A1
    申请号:T50550/2013
    申请日:2013-09-05
    公开日:2015-03-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a calibration tool for producing a crown on a sintered component, in particular on teeth of a sintered component having a toothing, comprising a calibration tool base in which a calibration insert is held, wherein the calibration insert is a recess for receiving the sintered component to be calibrated or for receiving a push pin. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a crown on a sintered component, in particular on teeth of a toothed aufwei¬senden sintered component during calibration of the sintered component, after which the sintered sintered component is introduced into a calibration tool having a Kalib¬errereinsatz held in a Kalibrierwerkzeuggrundkörper in that the calibrating insert has a recess into which the sintered component or a pressure pin is introduced, and wherein the sintered component is brought to bear against a sub-punch.
    Wide crowning on teeth of powder metallurgy fabricated parts is advantageous for running performance, such as, for example. the contact pattern, the NVH behavior, the compensation of axle errors, etc., of gears with a running gear. The width crowning can be produced by machining the teeth after sintering.
    However, rolling processes are also known from the prior art. For example, e.g. DE 32 19 674 A1 a method for producing a Zahnstangenförmi¬gen tool for the Kalughollen a crowned toothing, after which on a tool insert blank a toothing with straight teeth is generated, wherein the tool insert blank is clamped during the generation of the toothing and / or provided with the toothing tool insert in Use is curved in such a way that results in the finished tool from a Werkzeugträ¬ger and the tool insert mounted thereto a complementary to the tooth shape of the Balligver¬ teeth tooth shape of the teeth of the tool insert.
    DE 20 60 579 A1 describes a gear-like rolling tool for the non-cutting fine machining of the toothed tooth flanks of internal or external toothed gears, in particular end and bevel gears, by forming by means of a pressing force between the tooth flanks of the tool and the workpiece, which is characterized by a theoretical point contact between the axially mutually zuei¬nander movable tooth flanks of the tool and the workpiece. The tooth flanks of the tool are crowned over the tooth width.
    AT 508 990 B1 describes a rolling tool for producing a crowned toothing on a toothed wheel by transverse rolling, in particular for at least partially compressing the toothing of the toothed wheel, with a tool body having radially outwardly protruding tool teeth for meshing engagement with the toothing of the toothed wheel to be rolled in which the tool teeth are designed to be hollow-balled in the axial direction at least in the region of the tooth flanks.
    WO 2008/116243 A1 describes a method for processing a toothing on an outer circumference or an inner circumference of a workpiece pressed out and sintered powder metal, with a rolling operation carried out on the toothing with two rotatable shaping rollers which insert into the toothing of the toothed wheel Having workpiece engaging tooth shape, wherein the two forming rollers are at least approximately mutually at least approximately constant center distance between their Formwalzradachsen rotatably arranged in a common support frame. Furthermore, WO 2008/116243 A1 describes an apparatus for carrying out the method.
    US Pat. No. 6,517,772 B1 discloses a method for producing a gear made of powder metal, the method comprising compacting and sintering powder metal to form a gear blank. The gear blank is for
    Rotation is mounted about a first axis, wherein the tool is mounted for rotation about a second axis, transverse to the first axis. The tool has a series of gear tooth cutting sections and an axially adjacent group of gear tooth surface compacting sections. The tool is driven about a second axis and gear teeth are cut by removing gear blank material into the powder metal gear blank to produce a toothed gear blank. The tool and the toothed gear blank are displaced relative to each other without disassembly to bring the gear tooth surface sealing portions of the tool into meshing engagement with the teeth of the toothed gear blank. The tool is driven about the second axis in order to move and compact the surface of the gear teeth.
    DE 18 17 649 A1 describes a method for producing an axial crowning on tooth flanks of preprocessed teeth of cylindrical workpieces by a rollover process by means of rotating toothed roller tools whose teeth are under pressure in meshing engagement with the teeth of the workpiece and the material from the tooth flanks according to FIG The crowning action to be generated is enforced, with the rolling-up operation taking place using parallel tooth profiles on the gear rolling tools, while the mutual position of the pitch circles of the teeth of the tool and workpiece is increasingly changed by pivoting relative to each other. DE 18 17 649 A1 further describes a rolling machine for carrying out the method with two gear rolling tools, between which the workpiece is mounted, wherein the rolling movements between the gear rolling tools and the workpiece are pivotable relative to each other and pivoting movements of the engaged tooth profiles adjustable stop means are present for the end limitation of the pivoting movement.
    Further methods and tools for producing crowns or for rolling gears are disclosed in JP 2008-049384 A, DE 19 66 067 A1, DE 20 04 222 A1, DE 16 52 654 A1, FR 2 385 480 A1, GB 2 146 590A, CH 564 999 A5, DE 29 48 106 A1 and US 6,289,586 B1.
    The object of the present invention is to create a possibility with which it is easier to produce toothing with teeth having a crown.
    This object is achieved on the one hand with the calibration tool mentioned above and on the other hand with the method mentioned above. For this purpose, it is provided in the calibration tool that the calibration insert is adjustable in the direction perpendicular to a pressing direction, so that a diameter of the recess can be reduced or enlarged, that an adjusting device is further provided, which acts on the calibration insert for changing the diameter of the recess, and that on a inner or outer surface of the Kalib¬errereinsatzes a recessed or a raised area for the production of the crowning is formed. According to the method, it is provided that a calibration insert is used, which is adjustable in a direction perpendicular to a pressing direction, so that a diameter of the recess can be reduced or increased, and wherein on an inner surface of the calibration insert or on an outer surface of the calibration insert, a recessed area or a raised area Manufacture of the crown is formed, and that after the introduction of the sintered component in the calibration insert, the diameter is reduced or increased, so that the sintered component comes to rest against the inner surface of the Außen¬oberfläche the Kalibriereinsatzes, that is then pressed with an upper punch of the sintered component against the lower punch while the material of the sintered component is partially spent in the recessed area or around the raised area around, that then removed the upper punch and the diameter of the recess of the calibration insert again ve r größert or be reduced in size, and that then the calibrated sintered component is removed from the Kalibrier¬einsatz.
    The advantage here is that with the calibration of the sintered component, which is usually carried out after sintering, the crown is produced at the same time, so that an additional process step for the production of gears with crowned teeth can be omitted. There are thus realized corresponding Kostenvortei¬le. In addition, the mold, with which the sintered component green compact is produced from a corresponding powder before sintering, can be made simpler, since no consideration has to be given to a crowning of the teeth of the toothing. In particular, the green compact can be produced with teeth without springiness, as a result of which demolding of the green compact can be effected more easily, and as a result of the demoulding of the green compact, the green compact can still be reduced in strength compared to the sintered component. Moreover, it is advantageous to combine the calibration of the sintered component with the manufacture of the crown, since this can improve the accuracy of the crowning.
    In order to simplify the radial adjustability of the calibration insert and to achieve an acceleration of the method step "calibration and production of the blunts", according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
    Calibration tool be provided that the calibration insert is made of an elastic material or is designed to be flexible.
    According to another embodiment variant of the calibration tool, it can be provided that the calibrating insert has an outer surface, which is at least partially conical in the axial direction, and that the displacement device is designed as an axially displaceable pressure plate, wherein the pressure plate adjoins the conical Area of the outer surface of the Kalibriereinsatzes is present, and wherein the pressure plate has a Ausneh-mung into which protrudes the Kalibrierereinsatz or through which the Kalibrier¬einsatz protrudes, or that the inner surface of the Kalibriereinsatzes is at least partially formed conically in the axial direction. According to the corresponding embodiment variant of the method, it is provided that the change in the diameter of the recess of the calibrating insert is carried out with a pressure plate or the pressure pin which forms the adjusting device, for which purpose the calibrating insert on an outer surface or on the inner surface at least in areas with a conical shape is formed, and that the change in the diameter of the recess is made by displacement of the pressure plate in the axial direction, wherein the pressure plate has a recess into which protrudes the Kalibriereinsatz or through which the calibration insert protrudes, or that the change in the diameter of the recess Displacement of the pressure pin is made in the recess of the calibration insert. The advantage here is that all movements - with the exception of the radial adjustment of the Kalibrierein¬ set - can be done in one direction, whereby the space requirement of the tool can be reduced. In addition, the dimensional accuracy of the sintered component can thus be improved in a simple manner, since the pressure plate acts on all sides on the calibration insert, and thus no additional measures for the accuracy of the change in the diameter of the recess in the calibration insert are required.
    It is advantageous if the recess of the pressure plate is formed with a surface that is at least partially conical in the axial direction. It thus becomes possible for the pressure plate to bear against the ko¬ nically formed surface of the calibration insert over a larger area, thereby the required pressure on the calibrating insert for the adjustment of the diameter of the recess in the calibrating insert can be reduced or the acting forces can be distributed during the adjustment over a larger surface area, whereby on the one hand the movement becomes less prone to failure and on the other hand a longer service life of the calibration can be achieved.
    According to another embodiment of the calibration tool can be vorgese¬hen that the adjusting device is formed by at least one slide which is displaceable in the direction perpendicular to the pressing direction. According to the Aus¬führungsvariante of the method can be provided that the change in the diameter of the recess of the calibration insert is made by radial adjustment of at least one, at least part of the adjustment bildenden pusher. It thus becomes possible to consciously generate asymmetries on the sintered component. On the other hand, by using at least two slides, it is possible to produce crowns which have different radii over their course, without this having to be provided for in the calibration insert by appropriate shaping of the recessed or raised region.
    The calibration insert may be held in a hydraulic piston housing. Thus, a better integration of the calibration insert on the drive device for deformation of the sintered component is achievable, whereby a better force transmission can be achieved, in particular no additional measures have to be taken to ensure that the calibration insert does not move during the calibration and the molding of the crown.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    Each shows in a simplified, schematic representation:
    Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a calibration tool cut in Seitenan¬sicht and in the starting position;
    FIG. 2 shows the calibration tool according to FIG. 1 with the sintered component to be calibrated in the process stage of introduction; FIG.
    FIG. 3 shows the calibration tool according to FIG. 1 in the calibration position; FIG.
    FIG. 4 shows the calibration tool according to FIG. 1 in the position after calibration and with the calibration insert open; FIG.
    Fig. 5 shows the ejection of the finished sintered component from the calibration tool of Fig. 1;
    Fig. 6 shows a variant of a calibration insert ge¬ cut in side view
    FIG. 7 a side view of a further embodiment variant of a calibration tool; FIG.
    Fig. 8 shows a part of the calibration tool for producing a crown on an internal toothing.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component designations, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description apply mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals. same component names can be transferred. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as up, down, laterally, etc. related to the directly described and illustrated figure and these conditions are to be transferred in a change in position mutatis mutandis to the new situation.
    FIGS. 1 to 5 show different process stages of a method for calibrating a sintered component 1 with a calibration tool 2.
    The sintered component 1 is in particular a gear. For the purposes of the invention, a gear is understood to mean both a toothed wheel per se and a toothed belt wheel or a sprocket. However, it is also possible to produce other sintered components 1 with the calibration tool 2.
    For the sake of completeness, it should be noted that a sintered component 1 or a powder metallurgical component is usually produced according to the following process route: optionally pre-alloying the powder used; - powder mixing; - Pressing a green compact from the powder in a mold; Sintering of the green compact, the sintering also being possible in two stages; - calibrating the sintered component; Optionally mechanical and / or physical after-treatment (for example hardening) of the sintered component.
    Since this basic procedure and modifications thereof are known from the prior art, reference is made to the avoidance of repetition on the relevant literature.
    The calibration tool 2 is used in the method step "Calibration of the component". It is envisaged that in this process step not only the
    Calibration per se, ie increasing the dimensional accuracy of the sintered component 1, takes place, but at the same time a crowning on the teeth of the toothing of the sintered component 1 is generated.
    A crowning in the sense of the invention is understood in particular to mean a deviation of the linearity of the tooth flanks of teeth of a toothed wheel. It includes both the width crowning, the profile crowning and the flanking crowning. The width crowning is a modification of the tooth profile along the tooth width in the axial direction of a toothed wheel, the longitudinal crowning a modification of the theoretical tooth profile in profile direction of tooth root to the tooth head, and the flank rotation crowning a modification of the tooth profile by rotation of a tooth flank in the longitudinal direction. The definitions of the height and width crowning of gears are contained in the standard DIN3960.
    In particular, width balancing is produced with the calibration tool 2.
    All three types of crowning can be produced together or only single or a combination of two of the aforementioned crowning types.
    Furthermore, the calibration tool 2 is preferably applied to straight toothings. However, it is also possible to produce helical toothings with a crowning of the tooth profile.
    The crowning can be symmetric as well as asymmetrical. This means that, for example, in the case of width crowning, one side of the tooth flanks (viewed in the axial direction of the toothed wheel) is taken back more strongly (based on the theoretical profile) than the second side.
    In Fig. 1, the calibration tool 2 for producing a width crowning on the tooth flanks of a tooth is shown.
    The calibration tool 2 consists of or has the following components: a calibration tool main body 4 a calibration insert 5 an adjusting device in the form of a pressure plate 6.
    The calibration tool base body 4 surrounds the calibration insert 5 and the pressure plate 6, in particular these components are completely surrounded by the calibration tool body 4. An annular surface 8 is preferably arranged or formed on an outer surface 7 of the calibration tool main body 4, via which the calibration tool main body can be held in a calibration device (not shown).
    The calibration tool main body 4 may be made of steel, for example.
    Within the Kalibrierwerkzeuggrundkörpers 4 of the calibration insert 5 is angeord¬net. This is in particular at least approximately frustoconical, vorzugs¬weise frusto-conical, formed and has a recess 9. The recess 9 is surrounded by a calibration insert jacket 10. In particular, the recess 9 is formed continuously in an axial direction 11 by the calibration insert 5. The recess 9 is preferably a hole with a diameter 12.
    The design of the recess 9 as a bore is used for the calibration of gears. However, if the sintered component 1 to be calibrated deviates from the circular geometry, the plan view of the recess 9 is adapted according to the plan of the sintered component 1 in the axial direction 11, i. the Kon¬tur in the radial direction in order to create the calibration insert shell 10 over the entire surface over the circumference of the sintered component 1 can.
    Although preferred, the recess 9 does not necessarily have to be formed as a recess 9 through the calibration insert, but may for example also be a blind hole. However, the continuous recess 9 has the advantage that the sintered component 1 can be removed more easily from the calibration insert.
    The recess 9 is bounded by a substantially cylindrical inner surface 13 (with toothing) of the calibration insert jacket 10 in a radial direction 14. With the exception of a recessed area 15 in the inner surface 13, the recess 9 has an at least approximately constant, in particular a constant, diameter. The recessed area 15 serves to produce the width crowning on the teeth of a sintered component 1 designed as a gearwheel.
    The depth of the recessed area 15 with respect to the cylindrical inner surface 13 depends on the desired geometry of the crown to be produced on the sintered component 1. For example, a radius of curvature 16 of the recessed area 15, in particular rounded, may be selected from a range of 10 mm to 15,000 mm. Depending on the design of the calibrating insert 5, the crowning may also be present on the tooth tip of a toothed wheel or geared sintered component 1.
    The calibration insert 5 is preferably made flexible to allow deformation of the calibration insert shell 10. It may be made of a metallic material, for example of steel, or a hard metal. Eben¬so, the calibration insert 5 may be made of an elastic material, for example of an elastomer or rubber.
    Flexible is understood to mean that the calibration insert 5 is adaptable to the position of the adjusting device, i. the pressure plate 6 in the Ausführungsvarian¬ the calibration tool 2 of FIG. 1, is. It is advantageous if the metallic material of the calibration insert 5 has a modulus of elasticity according to EN ISO6892 or DIN 10002 -1 (standard for tensile test), which is selected from a range of 100 GPa to 600 GPa.
    But it is also possible to achieve the flexibility through slots or the like. In the event that a gearwheel is calibrated with the calibration tool 2, the inner surface 13 of the calibration insert 5 likewise has a toothing which in the recessed region 15 is complementary to the desired toothing of the toothed wheel and preferably in the regions above and below the toothing 17 of an upper punch and a lower punch 18. The upper punch 17 and the lower punch 18 are part of a pressing device, not shown, in which the calibration tool 2 is inserted, and are moved by corresponding, known from the prior art drive devices.
    An outer surface 19, which delimits the calibration insert 5 in the radial direction 14, is preferably designed to taper conically in the axial direction 11, at least in regions. The expression "at least regionally" here refers to the recessed area 15 and / or to the areas above and / or below the recessed area 15. In particular, the outer surface 19 of the calibrating insert 5 is in the engagement area of the adjusting device, ie the pressure plate 6 in FIG Fig. 1, tapered. The caliber insert 5 thus tapers upward, as shown in FIG.
    However, it is also possible to provide the outer surface 19 of the calibrating insert 5 with a rounding, wherein also in this case in the embodiment of the calibrating tool 2 according to FIG. 1 the calibrating insert 5 is designed to taper upward, ie in the direction from which the sintered component 1 is inserted into the calibration insert 5.
    In the area of a lower end face 20, the calibration insert 5 can have a flange 21. About this flange 21 of the calibration insert 5 can be kept in Kalibrier¬ tool 2.
    In principle, however, the calibration insert 5 can also be held in a suitable manner in the calibration tool.
    Likewise, the flange 21 may be disposed at a different location on the outer surface 19 of the calibration insert 5, as long as it does not interfere with the operative connection of the calibration insert 5 with the adjustment device for adjusting the diameter 12 of the recess 9 of the calibration insert 5.
    The flange 21 preferably engages in a corresponding groove 22 of a hydraulic piston housing 23. The hydraulic piston housing 23 is part of a hydraulic device.
    To reduce or enlarge the diameter 12 of the cavity 9 forming the cavity of the calibration insert 4, the latter is operatively connected to a displacement device. In the embodiment of the Kalib¬rierwerkzeuges 2 this is designed as a pressure plate 6.
    The pressure plate 6 is disposed within the Kalibrierwerkzeuggrundkörpers 4 and slidable in the axial direction 11. In the radial direction 14, the pressure plate 6 extends to an inner surface 24 of the Kalibrierwerkzeuggrund¬ body 4, where it rests against and on which it can optionally be guided, for example via at least one web, which extend in the axial direction 11, the inner surface of the Calibration tool base body 4 is formed and can engage in a groove in the pressure plate 6. It is also the reverse Ausbil¬dung respect. The arrangement of groove and web possible.
    Furthermore, the pressure plate 6 has a pressure plate recess 25, which is arranged in particular concentrically to the calibration insert 5. The calibration insert 5 protrudes into or through this pressure plate recess 25, as shown in FIG. The pressure plate 6 rests against the outer surface 19 with at least part of an end face 26 delimiting the pressure plate recess 25. Preferably, the entire end face 26 of the pressure plate 6 bears against the outer surface 19 of the calibration insert 5. For this purpose, the end face 26 of the pressure plate 6 also has a conical course in the axial direction 11, wherein the absolute value of the inclination of the end face 26 relative to the vertical at least approximately equal to the absolute value of the inclination of the outer surface 19 of the calibration insert 5 relative to the vertical. A Winkel 27 of the inclination is in particular selected from a range of 0.5 ° to 5 o
    But there is also the possibility that only a portion of the end face 26 of the pressure plate 6 rests against the calibration insert 5.
    Optionally, the pressure plate 6 can also be guided on the calibrating insert 5, for example, again via at least one web running in the axial direction 11, which protrudes beyond the outer surface 19 of the calibrating insert 5 and engages in a corresponding groove in the end face 25, or is also the reverse education of the leadership possible.
    The displacement of the pressure plate 6 in the axial direction 11 can take place with a drive device, not shown in FIG. 1, for example via a piston rod.
    As a result of the displacement of the pressure plate 6 in the axial direction 11 downwards, a pressure force is exerted on the calibrating insert by its downward-expanding cross sections, so that the calibrating insert 5 is compressed due to its flexibility and thus the diameter 12 of the recess 9 of the calibrating insert 5 is reduced. Conversely, due to the movement of the pressure plate 6 in the axial direction 11 upward, the pressure on the calibration insert 5 is reduced so that it relaxes until the diameter 12 of the recess 9 reaches its original size.
    Fig. 1 shows the relaxed position of the calibration insert 5, so that the diameter 12 of the recess 9 is greatest.
    It is thus possible to introduce a sintered and not yet calibrated sintered component 1 into the recess 9 of the calibration insert 5.
    After the sintered sintered component 1 usually has a smaller maximum outer diameter after sintering and before calibration than the sintered component 1 which has been calibrated or the maximum outer diameter is at most as large as the diameter 12 of the recess 9 of the calibration insert 5 in the calibration position of the calibration tool, as shown in FIG. 2, the sintered component 1 can also be introduced into the prestressed calibration insert 5.
    It is thus possible for the sintered component 1 to be introduced into either the relaxed or in the prestressed calibration insert 5.
    Preferably, the sintered component 1 is placed in the calibration insert 5 in the biased position, i. the calibration position introduced, as shown in Fig. 2. For this purpose, the pressure plate 6 is brought in the axial direction 11 in the lower end position.
    In this, the pressure plate 6, for example, abut the Hydraulikkolbengehäuse23. The calibration insert 5 is thereby compressed, i. vorge¬spannt.
    In the calibration position, the lower punch 18 is located at the junction between the recessed area 15 and the lower linear, i.e., lower, row. cylindrical area of the recess 9, as better seen in FIG. 1 can be seen.
    The sintered component 1 is placed on the lower punch 18. Optionally, the sintered component 1 can only be inserted into the recess 9 of the calibration insert 5 and the placement on the lower punch 18 can be assisted by the downward movement of the upper punch 17 into the calibration position. During the movement of the lower punch 18 and / or the upper punch 17 and the sintered component 1 engage their teeth in the teeth of the Ka¬libriereinsatzes. For the centering of the sintered component 1, a core pin 28 may be provided which is immovable in the calibration tool 2, i. fix, is arranged.
    At the latest by the downward movement of the upper punch 17, the sintered component 1 strikes the lower punch. In the calibration position so that the sintered component 1 is clamped between the upper punch 17 and the lower punch 18, as inFig. 3 is shown. Because the upper punch 17 continues to move downwards, the pressure on the sintered component 1an, which now lies in the region of the deepened region 15 in the calibration insert 5, increases. On the one hand, this pressure increase results in a further compacting of the sintered component 1, but on the other hand also in a displacement of the material or a displacement of the structure of the sintered component 1 in the radial direction 14. A material displacement or a displacement of the structure of the sintered component 1 in FIG Axialrichtung 11findethingegengegengegengen preferably not or hardly. However, a measurable change in the axial direction 11 can also be set by material displacement. As a result of this material displacement or displacement of the structure of the sintered component 1, the recessed region 15 in the calibration insert 5 is filled by the material of the sintered component 1, so that the crowning on the teeth of the sintered component 1 is generated simultaneously with the calibration of the sintered component 1.
    It should be noted in this context that the sintered component 1 preferably has no crowning of the teeth prior to calibration. However, it is possible that this crowning is already hinted during the pressing of the green compact for the sintered component 1.
    After the sintered component is finished calibrated and the crown is formed, the calibration tool 2 is opened. This is shown in Fig. 4. To this end, the upper punch 17 is pulled upwards out of the calibration insert 5 and the pressure plate 6 is brought into the upper end position in the calibration tool main body 4. As a result, the calibration insert 5 expands, i. the diameter 12 of the recess 9 of the calibration insert 5 becomes larger again so that the crowning of the sintered component 1 is released. The diameter 12 in the cylindrical part of the recess 9 of the calibration insert 5 in this case has a size which allows the uninterrupted ejection of the sintered component 1, i. the diameter 12 has at least one value which corresponds to the maximum diameter of the sintered component 1 in the same direction.
    The expulsion of the sintered component 1 from the calibration tool 2, i. from the calibration insert 5, is shown in FIG. For this purpose, either the calibration tool 1 can be moved downwards while the lower die 18 is stationary, or the lower die 18 can be moved upward with the calibration tool 2 stationary. Alternatively, both the calibration tool 2 down and the Unterstempel 18 are moved upward. The sintered component 1 thus passes out of the calibration insert 5 and can be removed.
    It is also possible within the scope of the invention to produce hollow spheres on teeth of a gearwheel. For this purpose, instead of the recessed area 15 in the inner surface 13 of the calibration insert jacket 10, the calibration insert 5 has a region 29 raised above this inner surface 13, as indicated by dashed lines in FIG. The corresponding calibration insert 5 itself is shown in FIG.
    In this case, the formation of the hollow crowning takes place by the downward movement of the pressure plate 6 while the sintered component 1 is clamped between the upper punch 17 and the lower punch 18. In this respect, the movement sequence is somewhat different from the sequence of movements described above. Namely, first the upper punch 17 is moved downwardly, and only then the pressure plate 6 is also moved down.
    FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the calibration tool, which may be independent of itself, and in which again reference symbols or component designations are given for the same parts, as in the preceding FIGS. 1 to 5 are used. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding Figs. 1-6. Referenced.
    The calibration tool 2 in turn has the calibration tool main body 4, the calibration insert 5 and the hydraulic piston housing 23. In contrast to the embodiment variant of the calibrating tool 2 according to FIGS. 1 to 5, the adjusting device for adjusting the diameter 12 of the recess 9 of the calibrating insert is not formed by the pressure plate 6 (FIG. 1) but by at least one slide 30 Preferably, at least two sliders 30 are arranged at the same height, which can be moved towards one another in a closed position and away from one another into an open position in the radial direction 14.
    The sliders 30 preferably abut one another in a partial region in the closed position. Between the slides 30, a recess 31 is formed, into which the calibrating insert 5 penetrates or through which the calibrating insert protrudes. Essentially, the two slides 30 can therefore also be understood as a split pressure plate, but with a different direction of movement than the pressure plate 6 of FIG. 1.
    The method sequence for calibrating the sintered component 1 (FIG. 1) and for producing the crown on the teeth of the sintered component 1 corresponds, in the exception of the direction of movement of the adjusting device, to that of the calibration tool according to FIGS. 1 to 6.
    As indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 7, further slides 32 can also be arranged. These slides 32 are arranged in the axial direction 11 above and / or below the slide 30 and are like the slide 30 formed horizontally displaceable between an open position and a closed position. It is thus possible to produce a crown with different radii within the course of the crowning.
    It is also possible in this embodiment that the calibration insert 5 has a cylindrical, that is not conical, outer surface 19.
    The sizing tool 2 may also be used to provide crowning to the teeth of an internally toothed gear, such as an internal gear. a ring gear to produce. It is an adaptation of the calibration insert 5 is required, the inFig. 8 is shown. This calibration insert 5 is of cylindrical design, with the calibration insert jacket 10 having a cylindrical outer surface 19 in which the recessed region 15 (or the raised region 29 corresponding to FIG. 6) is formed. The calibration insert 10 surrounds a recess 33 bounded by an inner surface 34 of the calibration insert 10. This inner surface 34 has a conical, downwardly tapering course in the axial direction 11.
    Instead of the pressure plate 6 according to FIG. 1, in this embodiment of the calibration insert 5, a pressure pin 35 is used, which can be pushed in the axial direction 11. Preferably, an outer surface 36 of the pressure pin 35 also has a taper in the axial direction 11, again the absolute value of the inclination of the outer surface 36 of the pressure pin 35 relative to the vertical preferably corresponds to the absolute value of the inclination of the inner surface 34 of the calibration insert 10 against the vertical.
    In this embodiment of the calibration insert 5, the calibration insert 5 is widened by the insertion of the pressure pin. During the calibration of the sintered component 1 (FIG. 1), its material is also partially pressed into the recessed area 15 of the calibrating insert 5, whereby the crowning is formed. Thereafter, the calibration insert 5 is relaxed by pulling out the pressure pin, so that the diameter of the calibration insert becomes smaller again. As a result, the crowned region of the teeth of the sintered component 1 is freely exposed, and this can be ejected.
    With regard to the other components of the calibration tool 2 of this Ausführungsva¬riante reference is made to the preceding statements to Figs. 1 to 6.
    Although the calibrating tool 2 is preferably used for producing convex, in particular wide-crowned, teeth of a gear made of a sintered material, crowns can also be produced on other sintered components 1 with a corresponding adaptation of the geometry of the calibrating insert 5 or the adjusting device ,
    The recessed area 15 and / or the raised area 29 in the calibration insert 5 can be produced, for example, by machining or by eroding.
    The embodiments show possible embodiments of the Kalibrier¬ tool 2, which should be noted at this point that also diverse combinations of the individual embodiments are possible with each other.
    For the sake of the order, it should finally be pointed out that in order to better understand the construction of the calibration tool 2, this or its constituent parts have been shown partly unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.
    REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 sintered component 31 recess 2 calibration tool 32 slide 3 33 recess 4 calibration tool main body 34 inner surface 5 calibration insert 35 pressure pin 6 pressure plate 36 outer surface 7 surface 8 ring land 9 recess 10 calibration insert shell 11 axial direction 12 diameter 13 inner surface 14 radial direction 15 area 16 rounding radius 17 upper punch 18 lower punch 19 outer surface 20 end face 21 flange 22 groove 23 hydraulic piston housing 24 surface 25 Druckplattenausnehmung 26 end face 27 angle 28 core pin 29 area 30 slide
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. Calibration tool (2) for producing a crown on a Sinter¬bauteil (1), in particular on teeth of a toothed Sin¬terbauteils (1), comprising a Kalibrierwerkzeuggrundkörper (4), in which a calibration insert (5) is held wherein the calibration insert (5) has a recess (9) for receiving the sintered component (1) to be calibrated or for receiving a pressure pin (35), characterized in that the calibration insert (5) is adjustable in a direction perpendicular to a pressing direction in that a diameter (12) of the recess (9) can be reduced or increased, further comprising an adjusting device acting on the calibrating insert (5) for changing the diameter (12) of the recess (9), and on an inner surface ( 13) or an outer surface (19) of the calibration insert (5) has a recessed area (15) or a raised area (29) for producing the crown is formed.
    [2]
    2. Calibration tool (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the calibration insert (5) is made of an elastic material or is flexible.
    [3]
    3. calibration tool (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekennzeich¬net that the outer surface (19) of the calibrating insert (5) is at least partially formed in the axial direction conical, and that the Verstelleinrich¬tung as axially displaceable pressure plate ( 6), wherein the pressure plate (6) bears against the conically extending region of the outer surface (19) of the calibration insert (5), and wherein the pressure plate (6) has a pressure plate recess (25) into which the calibration insert (5) protrudes or through which the calibration insert (5) protrudes, or that the inner surface (13) of the calibrating insert is at least partially conically formed in the axial direction.
    [4]
    4. calibration tool (2) according to claim 3, characterized in that the Druckplattenausnehmung (25) of the pressure plate (6) with an at least teilwei¬se in the axial direction conically extending end face (26) is formed.
    [5]
    5. calibration tool (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekennzeich¬net, that the adjusting device by at least one slide (30, 31) is formed, which is displaceable in the direction perpendicular to the pressing direction.
    [6]
    6. calibration tool (2) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized ge indicates that the calibration insert (5) in a hydraulic piston housing (23) is held.
    [7]
    7. Method for producing a crown on a sintered component (1), in particular on teeth of a sintered component (1) having a toothing, during the calibration of the sintered component (1), after which the sintered sintered component (1) is fed into a calibration tool (2) comprising a calibration insert (5) held in a calibration tool body (4), the calibration insert (5) having a recess (9) into which the sintered component (1) or a pressure pin (35) is inserted the sintered component (1) is brought into contact with a lower punch (18), characterized in that a caliber insert (5) is used, which is adjustable in the direction perpendicular to a pressing direction, so that a diameter (12) of the recess (9) decreases orvergrößert, and wherein on an inner surface (13) of the Kalibrier¬ insert (5) or on an outer surface (19) of the calibration insert (5) einvertiefter area (15) or a raised area (19) is formed for producing the crowning, and that the diameter (12) is reduced or increased before or after the introduction of the sintered component (1) into the calibration insert (5), so that the sintered component (1) Attachment to the inner surface (13) or the Au¬ßenoberfläche (19) of the Kalibriereinsatzes (5) passes, that thereafter with an upper punch (17) of the sintered component (1) is pressed against the lower punch (18) and thereby the material of the sintered component (1) is partially spent in the recessed area (15) or around the raised area (29), that subsequently the upper punch (17) is removed and the diameter (12) of the recess (9) of the calibrating insert (5) is increased or reduced again and then the calibrated sintered component (1) is removed from the calibration insert (5).
    [8]
    8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the change in the diameter (12) of the recess (9) of the Kalibriereinsatzes (5) miteiner pressure plate (6) or the pressure pin (35) forming the adjustment or the, is performed for which the calibrating insert (5) on the outer surface (19) or on the inner surface (13) is formed at least regionally with a conical course, and that the change of the diameter (12) of the recess (9) by displacement of the pressure plate ( 6) in the axial direction, for which purpose the pressure plate (6) has a pressure plate recess (25) into which the calibration insert (5) protrudes or through which the calibration insert (5) protrudes, or in which the change in the diameter (12) of the recess (9) by displacement of the pressure pin (35) in the recess (9) of the calibration insert (5) is made.
    [9]
    9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the change in the diameter (12) of the recess (9) of the calibration insert (5) by radial adjustment of at least one, at least part of the Verstellein¬richtung forming slide (30, 31) is made.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102014112692A1|2015-03-05|
    AT514778B1|2016-02-15|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50550/2013A|AT514778B1|2013-09-05|2013-09-05|calibration|ATA50550/2013A| AT514778B1|2013-09-05|2013-09-05|calibration|
    DE201410112692| DE102014112692A1|2013-09-05|2014-09-03|calibration|
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