• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for the production of disposable cutting knives, with profiled cross section for a device for cutting wood and a disposable cutting blade. In order to ensure an improved quality of the knife, to enable a highly economical operation of the device for cutting wood and to achieve a high quality of the chip with minimal waste, it is provided according to the invention that in a first step a precursor of hardenable steel or of a hardenable alloy in annealed state and with machined surface to a temperature of above room temperature, but below the transition temperature Ac1, ie heated in the cubic body-centered atomic structure of the material and a profile blank with at least a dimensionally accurate guide path (22) 15 in the base body (2 ) and with increased thickness of at least one edge region (3), preferably with overfilled caliber is rolled, whereupon in a second step, optionally after an intermediate storage, a machining at least one edge region (3) in the longitudinal direction of the profile raw part with Assuming that a cutting edge (31) and perpendicular to this 20 spaced scored edges (32) are formed and the cutting edge ridge is removed, after which in a third step, optionally with an intermediate buffer, the edge regions (31, 32) of the cutting blade (1 ) are cured in the run.
    公开号:AT514422A4
    申请号:T50731/2013
    申请日:2013-11-05
    公开日:2015-01-15
    发明作者:Helmut Ing Maisser；Helmut Dipl Ing Ponemayr
    申请人:Böhler Profil Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Method for producing cutting blades
    The invention relates to a method for the production of disposable cutting blades with profiled cross-section for a device for cutting wood.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a disposable cutting knife with profiled cross-section for wood chipping devices, comprising a base body with at least one dimensionally accurate guide path in the longitudinal direction and at least one pressure surface and at least one edge region with a cutting edge spaced from the guide path. For the production of Oriented Strand Boards (OSB) boards with high quality, the quality of the raw material, ie the chips, is of particular importance. Furthermore, the generation of chip particles should be kept as low as possible during chip production. This results in the main requirements for cutting the base material wood and indeed uniformity of the chips regarding the thickness and the length of the same with straight cuts.
    A constant thickness of the chips and their surface quality can be achieved in the long-term operation of a chip device by the cutting edge of the knife. For a required chip length scoring or scoring blades are used, which scrape before a chip of the wood-Vormaterials this, whereby the resulting chips have a desired or an approximately equal length.
    In the most disk-shaped working part of a device for cutting wood, cutting blades and scoring blades or scoring blades with blades directed perpendicular to one another are often positioned separately on the circle of flight.
    In operation of the above institutions, a different wear of the cutting and scoring knife done, which either sinks the chip bag or a complex replacement of defective blades must be done.
    By way of illustration, FIG. 3 shows wood chips which have been severed by flawless knives, and FIG. 4 shows the effect of worn scoring blades on the chip cut. 1
    In order to increase the efficiency of the operation of a device for cutting wood, attempts have already been made to provide the scoring blades in the form of an integral part in Abspanungswerkzeug.
    According to EP 1 358 980 A, it is proposed to optimize the production and resharpening of two-dimensional knives for cutting machines and thus the production of chips. These knives have a main cutting edge and at least one cutting edge, are made in one piece and schleifenchnisch easily from standard commercial blades in one piece.
    However, such cutting blades, which are not generally available on the market, have serious disadvantages.
    An accurate clamping of the standard commercial blades for a production of a knife and an accurate clamping of the finished or reground blades in the knife carrier can be realized only with great effort, because the blades are held by friction over a clamping plate and act on rotations of the knife rim jerky chip forces on each knife who can move these. As a result, the chip thicknesses can be incurred differently.
    Commercially available standard blades are rolled products whose direction of deformation ultimately corresponds to the main cutting direction and can have an unfavorable effect on blade durability.
    Furthermore, grinding of a possibly hardened standard blade is unfavorable, because a grinding removal in the thin cutting area of the blade can bring about a material heating which leads to a softening thereof. This is especially true for the cutting edges, which may thus have a higher wear after a short use.
    The present invention has for its object to provide a method for producing disposable indexable knives of the type mentioned, which overcomes the previous disadvantages in the prior art, ensures improved quality of the knife, allows a highly economical operation of a device for cutting wood and high quality the chips with minimal waste can be achieved. 2
    This object is achieved in a generic method, characterized in that in a first step, a starting material of hardenable steel or of a hardenable alloy in the soft annealed condition and with machined surface to a temperature above room temperature, but below the transformation temperature Aci, ie in the heated cubic-body-centered atomic structure of the material and rolled into a profile raw part with at least a dimensionally accurate guide in the base body and increased thickness at least one edge region, preferably overcrowded caliber, whereupon in a second step, optionally after an intermediate storage, a machining at least an edge region in the longitudinal direction of the profile blank is made with the proviso that a cutting edge and this perpendicular directed spaced scoring edges are formed and the cutting edge ridge is removed, after which in a third step t, optionally with an intermediate buffer, the edge portions of the cutting blade are cured in the flow.
    The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially due to the fact that in the first process step, the starting material is quasi cold deformed and solidified to a hardness of at least 30 HRC.
    The term "cold worked" means deformation at a temperature below the Acr point of the alloy.
    The profile blank thereby pass surfaces are taught, which ensure an exact positioning of the knife.
    A free-rolling, optionally in a crowded caliber, causes a flow of material towards the edge areas, which has an advantageous effect on achieved cutting and Ritzkanten goodness or -Haltbarkeit.
    A machining of the edge regions of the blank is carried out according to the invention by milling. On the one hand increases in a milling, even with economically high chip removal, the temperature of the edge does not exceed the rolling temperature of the starting material, so that no change in the deformation structure in the blank occurs, on the other hand, there is no change in the cutter shape in long-term operation, which ensures high accuracy of the processing surfaces is. 3
    Furthermore, it is important to deduct the cutting edge grade to provide optimum conditions for achieving best cutting edge grade.
    When hardening after induction heating with subsequent forced cooling and optionally with tempering of the hardened structure in the passage of the cutting blade, the hardening depth should be at least 1.5 mm, but less than 2.5 mm, in order to achieve a material hardness in the cutting area of at least 58 HRC with high toughness and In the transition to the work-hardening part of the knife, the toughness increases further and the danger of an outbreak of the cutting edge during hard operation is minimized.
    The cutting blades are advantageously produced according to the invention from the starting material to a hardening of the cutting edges in the form of multiple lengths in the pass in the respective three steps and then made a division into individual blades. This manufacturing process ensures a consistently superior level of quality and high efficiency of the knife according to the invention.
    It is another object of the invention to provide a disposable cutting blade for cutting wood, which is accurately positioned in a device for it, both cutting edges and scoring edges in one-piece form and best performance with long life, especially with the same wear of the cutting and Has Ritzkantenprofile.
    This object is achieved in that a disposable cutting blade having a profiled cross-section comprising a base body in the longitudinal direction at least one dimensionally accurate guide path and this opposite at least one pressure surface and at least one guide path to the spaced edge region having a cutting edge, wherein of the cutting edge with a cutting angle ß from 8 to 25 ° perpendicular to this longitudinally spaced scribe edges protrude, which measured perpendicular to the free surface of the cutting edge has a wedge angle α of 25-33 ° and the cutting edge and Ritzkanten areas to a depth of at least 1.5 mm a hardness of at least 58 to 63 HRC.
    According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided according to the invention that the knife shape is produced from a roll-hard profile raw part having a hardness of at least 30 HRC by milling the edge regions. By a material hardness of the body of greater than 30 HRC a desired stability 4 of the knife is achieved in practical chip use, with a chip removal can be done economically by milling.
    Further, if the scribe edge is formed perpendicular or lagging in its longitudinal extent to the cutting edge in the direction of the free surface, each of the wood to be machined or the wood texture for producing high-quality chips can be considered. For a favorable Spanseparierung, but also for a reduced cutting load can be provided that the scribe edge protrudes from the cutting edge or be formed protruding from the free surface with a distance of up to 0.8 mm from the cutting edge.
    Advantageously, according to the invention, the cutting blades are made of a cold work steel with a composition according to steel-iron list, number classes 20 to 23 or from a high-speed steel according to the number 33, so that a highly economical use in a chipping function of the wood property is possible by a choice of materials ,
    If, advantageously, the surface in the cutting area of the cutting blade is at least partially coated, a particularly long service life thereof can be achieved in hard use. As coating methods u.a. the CVD and PVD method provided, wherein the surface layers of pure metal, of carbide, oxide, nitride or their mixed forms of particular chromium and titanium may be formed.
    A disposable knife, which is only one embodiment of the invention, is shown in the drawings Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and will be described below.
    The assignment of the parts should facilitate a subsequent list of reference numerals. 1 Disposable cutting blade 2 Base 21 Guide path 22 Pressure surface 3 Edge area 31 Cutting edges 5 311 Free surface 32 Rake edges α Wedge angle of the scribe edge ß Wedge angle of the cutting edge
    Fig. 1 shows a cross section of a disposable cutting blade 1 with a base body 2 and two edge portions 3, so in a form of training as indexable cutting knife.
    In a first step, a base body 2 with a guide path 21 and an opposing pressure surface 22 is caliber-shaped, for example, from a round starting material (not shown) by cold rolling, edge regions 3 being formed by a flow of material as a result of free expansion of the starting material in the rolling caliber.
    In the second step of producing a disposable cutting blade, the edge regions 3 are formed by milling in places forming cutting edges 31 having a wedge angle β of 26 ° to 34 ° and projecting scoring edges 32 projecting from the free surfaces 311.
    In Fig. 2 is a plan view of the disposable indexable cutting knife 1 shown in cross-section in Fig. 1 is shown.
    From the main body 2 with a pressure surface 22 extend in the transverse direction edge portions 3, in which cutting edges 31 are formed. Of the free surfaces 331 of the cutting edges protrude perpendicular to the cutting edges 31 Ritzkanten 32 with a wedge angle α from 25 ° to 33 °. The scratches edge 32 forming side surfaces may be formed straight or curved. 6
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. A process for the production of disposable cutting blades with profiled cross section for a device for cutting wood, characterized in that in a first step, a starting material of hardenable steel or of a hardenable alloy in the as-annealed state and with machined surface to a temperature of above the room temperature, but below the transformation temperature Aci, ie heated in the cubic body-centered atomic structure of the material and rolled into a Profilrohteil with in cross-section at least one dimensionally accurate guide path in the base body and increased thickness of at least one edge region, preferably with crowded caliber, what in a second step, optionally after an intermediate storage, a machining of at least one edge region in the longitudinal direction of the profile raw part takes place with the proviso that a cutting edge and perpendicular to this spaced Rit be formed edges and the cutting edge ridge is removed, after which in a third step, optionally with an intermediate buffer, the edge portions of the cutting blade are cured in the flow.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a starting material for a Kaliberwalzen a Profilrohteiles a rod or wire is used with a round cross-section and that a rapid heating of the same takes place by electrical induction.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the second step after machining by milling the edge portion of the profile blank under molding at least one cutting edge with an open space and spaced therefrom projecting Ritzkanten of the knife of the free surface opposite clamping surface area by means of a tool , in particular ceramic tool, the Fräsgrat is deducted.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at different and / or intermittent feed of the profile blank in the milling or in the second step and a continuous feed during curing of the cutting edges in the third step of the production of the cutting blade, the feed differences balancing buffer device is turned on. 1
    [5]
    5. Disposable cutting blade (1) with profiled cross-section for means for cutting wood, comprising a base body (2) in the longitudinal direction of at least one dimensionally accurate guide path (21) and this opposite at least one pressure surface (22) and at least one to the guide path (21 ) spaced edge region (3) with a cutting edge (31), characterized in that of the cutting edge (31) with a wedge angle (ß) of 26 ° to 34 ° perpendicular to this longitudinally spaced scribe edges (32) protrude, which perpendicular to Free surface (311) of the cutting edge (31) measured have a wedge angle (a) of 25 ° to 33 ° and the cutting edge and Ritzkanten areas to a depth of at least 1.5 mm have a hardness of at least 58 to 63 HRC.
    [6]
    6. cutting blade (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the knife shape of a roll-hard profile raw part with a hardness of at least 30 HRC machined by milling the edge regions (3) is made.
    [7]
    7. cutting blade (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the scribe edge (32) in its longitudinal extent to the cutting edge (31) in the direction of the free surface (311) is formed perpendicular or lagging.
    [8]
    8. Cutting blade according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the scribe edge (32) protrudes from the cutting edge (31) or from the free surface (311) with a distance of up to 0.8 mm from the cutting edge (31) protruding is.
    [9]
    9. Cutting blade according to one of claims 5 to 8, formed from a cold work steel having a composition according to steel-iron list number classes 20 to 23 or from a high-speed steel according to number class 33rd
    [10]
    10. Cutting blade according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the blade material is a temper-resistant iron-based alloy and the surface in the cutting area at least partially carries a coating. 2
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    引用文献:
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    EP0052670A1|1980-11-26|1982-06-02|Karl-Heinz Köstermeier|Process and device for producing flat shavings|
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    法律状态:
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    优先权:
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