• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device for heating a semifinished product (2) with at least one heating element (3), wherein a detachment unit (4) for supporting the semifinished product (2) and a movement device (5) for moving the detachment unit (4) are provided, wherein the movement device (5 ) for movement of the detaching unit (4) in a direction substantially transverse to a surface (6) of the at least one heating element (3) is formed.
    公开号:AT514325A4
    申请号:T988/2013
    申请日:2013-12-27
    公开日:2014-12-15
    发明作者:Paul Zwicklhuber；Michael Dipl Ing Dr Fischlschweiger
    申请人:Engel Austria Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    • 74835 32 / hg 1
    The present invention relates to a device for heating a semifinished product according to the features of the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for heating a semifinished product.
    In forming processes which involve the use of a semifinished product, such as an organic sheet, it may be necessary to heat or heat the semifinished product prior to the start of the shaping process or as the first step of the shaping process. By this heating, the non-deformability of the semifinished product can be increased and it can be achieved that - for example, in an injection molding process - the substance-liquid compound is improved with example structures to be sprayed.
    Various approaches for introducing heat into the semifinished product exist in the prior art. First of all, the use of electromagnetic radiation, in particular infrared radiation, should be mentioned here. A corresponding heating device is disclosed, for example, in the not previously published Austrian patent application with the application number A 572/2013 of the applicant.
    As is known from the prior art, the greatest efficiency can be achieved during heating, when heat energy is transferred by means of heat conduction in a semi-finished product. In order to transfer thermal energy by means of heat conduction, a heating element must be in direct contact with the semi-finished product to be heated. In order to be able to reshape or functionalize a semifinished product in a further step, it must be heated above the melt temperature. This melting on the heating element subsequently leads to the demolding of the heating element being made more difficult, since polymer melts adhere very well to other surfaces and thus limit mold release.
    In WO 2013/060811 A1 discloses a method for heating semi-finished products, which relies on heat transfer by heat conduction. In this document, an attempt is made to solve the problem that a direct contact between 2/20 · · · # · · · · · · · · · <ι φ φ φφ φ φ φ φφ φ φ a heating element and the semifinished product for adhering to the same Heating element can cause this. This adhesion can lead to damage to the surface of the semifinished product and to contamination of the heating element. In the cited document, this problem is solved by an intermediate layer, which avoids the direct contact between the heating element - in this case a support grid or a suspension in the oven - and the semifinished product. This intermediate layer is supplied or introduced in various embodiments in this method and is equipped with non-stick properties. If such an intermediate layer is applied to a carrier grid, this has the great disadvantage that there is no full-area contact between semi-finished product and heating element, and thus uniform heating of the semi-finished product is not possible. Another disadvantage is that the heating time is prolonged by not full-surface heating.
    The object of the invention is to provide a device and a method which allow the heating of a semifinished product, wherein the semifinished product is contacted over the entire surface at least in the melt state and is characterized durchwärmt homogeneous and after heating to a temperature above the melting temperature of the semifinished product is removed from the mold can
    This object is achieved on the one hand by a device having the features of claim 1 and on the other hand by a method having the features of claim 23.
    This is done by a detachment unit coupled to a movement device, which is contacted with the heating element during the heating process, is movable after heating substantially transversely to a surface of the at least one heating element. One aspect of the invention is that the semifinished product is peeled off by the heating element with little damage due to the transverse movement.
    Of course, as soon as the semi-finished product is detached from the heating element, an additional movement can be superimposed, which is not transverse to the surface of at least one heating element. An advantage of the invention is that during the detachment, a 3/20 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
    Movement can be performed, which is substantially transversely - in particular at right angles - to a surface of the at least one heating element.
    The semifinished product is thus only in contact with the detaching unit, wherein the new contact surface is smaller than the original one and thus the further manipulation of the semifinished product by the detaching unit is made possible.
    The shape and the material of the detaching unit are not essential to the basic idea of the invention, that is for the purposes of the invention, any device which on the one hand can provide homogeneous support of the semifinished product and on the other hand has spaces through which a partial surface contact between the Semi-finished product and the at least one heating element can be produced, be construed as a detachment unit.
    In particular, can be achieved by an inventive device that at least a partial surface of the semifinished product is placed in the melt state, that is, the matrix material of the semifinished product is at least partially melted, whereby it can invest all over the at least one heating element and / or the detachment unit. As a result, an effective, uniform heating of the semifinished product can be achieved.
    Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the detachment unit is at least partially - preferably completely - in the at least one heating element retractable. In the case of using a heating grate as at least one heating element, this can be done by, for example, wires of the semifinished support grille are moved between wires of the Heizrosts.
    In the method according to the invention, the method steps need not be carried out one after the other. For example, the first two are easily conceivable. "» · · · · · · · · · · · · · · T ··· · · · · · 6.C · 4
    Steps "depositing the semifinished product on the detachment unit" and "contacting the semifinished product with the at least one heating element" at the same time. For this purpose, the detachment unit can already be recessed in the at least one heating element when the semifinished product is contacted with the at least one heating element.
    However, an embodiment in which at least one heating plate is used as at least one heating element is particularly preferred since an at least partially planar contacting between the semifinished product and the at least one heating element can be achieved here.
    By sinking the detachment unit into depressions in the heating plate, it is even possible for substantially full contact between the heating plate and the semifinished product to occur during the entire heating process. Furthermore, by matching the cross sections of wires of the detaching unit to cross sections of the recesses, effective heat transfer can be achieved not only between the heating element and the semifinished product but also from the heating element via the wires of the detaching unit to the semifinished product.
    When using a heating plate as a heating element is particularly preferably provided that in the at least one heating plate - preferably arranged substantially transversely to the surface - heating cartridges are arranged to heat the plate.
    Since the surface of the at least one heating element is normally oriented horizontally, a vertical orientation of the heating cartridges is part of a particularly preferred embodiment. Of course, other orientations - for example vertically - for the at least one heating element also conceivable.
    The detachment unit can preferably be designed as a grid. The wires of the grid may have different cross-sections and thicknesses and are preferably made of metal - in particular steel - or plastic. 5/20 ·· ··· ···· ···
    In some applications, the wires may be designed to be termed rods. For the purposes of this specification, this is subsumed under the term "wire".
    In a preferred embodiment, the occupation of the grid with wires is adapted to the shape of the semifinished product. For example, in a circular sector-shaped semi-finished product, it may be advantageous to arrange wires of the semifinished product starting from the center of the circle in different radial directions of the circular sector.
    In a further preferred embodiment, the wires of the grid are tensioned. Advantageously, this tension is so high that a flexible semi-finished product arranged on the grid sags less than 10 mm, preferably less than 3 mm and particularly preferably less than 1 mm.
    Also preferred is an embodiment in which the wires of the grid have a non-stick coating. This can for example consist of PTFE. A coating, for example made of carbon, in particular a "diamond-like carbon" layer (DLC), can also be used. Various methods such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD) can be used to apply such a non-stick coating.
    A surface of the at least one heating element may also have a similar coating.
    In addition, more preferably, exactly two heating elements may be provided, wherein a first of the two heating elements is stationary and a second of the two heating elements is movable relative to the first heating element. In a very simple way, this can be done by heating the semifinished product from both sides, whereby a homogeneous heating of the semifinished product can be achieved.
    When using double-sided heating elements, an intelligent temperature control can ensure that they adhere to a desired temperature
    Heating plate is not possible. This can be realized by two different temperatures. The heating plate, on which the adhesion takes place, can be operated at a temperature above the melting temperature. The hot plate, which is not liable to adhesion, can be operated at a temperature lower than the temperature of the hot plate to which the adhesion takes place. In addition, the dissolution of a heating plate can be facilitated in which the heating plate is moved away from the substrate before the substrate surface has melted. After the heating plate has been moved away, the substrate can be completely melted with the heating plate on which the detaching unit is integrated.
    One possible solution provides only a heating element with a detachment unit. This variant can mean a cheaper alternative for a long cycle time
    It can also be provided on the at least one heating element a release slide. This can be arranged for example on a side facing away from the detachment unit of the semifinished product. But even an arrangement on the detachment unit facing side may be useful. By providing such a release slider, it can also be achieved that the detachment of the semifinished product is supported by the at least one heating element.
    In order to further improve this detachment support, it may be provided that the release slider has a hot gas channel. In particular, when an opening of the hot gas channel is oriented transversely to a Ausschieberichtung the detachment slide, the hot gas penetrates between the at least one heating element and the semifinished product and thus further supports the detachment.
    In a method according to the invention in particular fiber-reinforced thermoplastics such as organic sheets and / or tapes can be used as semi-finished products. Tapes can be understood to mean unidirectionally reinforced, thermoplastic semi-finished products.
    Further advantages and details of the invention are apparent from the figures and the associated description of the figures. Showing: «I · *
    1 shows schematically the procedure for heating the semifinished product,
    2a-2d various embodiments and states of a device according to the invention,
    Fig. 3a - 3c
    Fig. 4
    5 shows various views of a retractable grid in a heating plate, a sectional view illustrating various possible wire cross sections for the grid and possible types of sinking of the grid in a hot plate and a release slide with hot gas duct.
    The process flow is shown in overview in FIG. The semifinished product 2 is transported by means of a handling device 12 to the device 1. For the exact configuration and the exact procedure in the device 1 reference is made to the remaining figures. Then, the heated semi-finished product 2 is again transported by means of a handling device 12 to a shaping machine 13, which in this case is an injection molding machine. Of course, any other shaping machines such as presses or transfer molding for further processing of the heated semifinished product 2 can be used.
    FIGS. 2a and 2b show an embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention. In this case, the device 1 has exactly two heating elements 3, which are each mounted on carrier plates 14.
    The movement device 5 is connected to the upper heating element 3 in the drawing. The carrier plates 14 are mutually movable. The detachable by the movement device 5 detachment unit 4 can be sunk in the lower heating element 3 in the illustration. For the exact design of the 8/20 ························································ *
    Stripping unit 4 and the heating elements 3, reference is made to Figures 3a - 3c, 4 and 5.
    In the position shown in Figure 2a, the semi-finished product 2 is already contacted with the lower heating element 3 in the illustration. By moving the upper support plate 14 in the illustration, the upper heating element 3 in the illustration can also be contacted with the semifinished product 2, the movement device 5 having to move synchronously with the support plate 14. After the heating of the semifinished product 2 has taken place, the device 1 can be opened again by moving the upper support plate 14, which is shown in the illustration, upwards again. It can optionally be done using a release slide 9, as shown in Figure 5, a detachment of the semifinished product 2 from the upper heating element 3 in the illustration.
    Of course, a detachment of the semifinished product 2 from the lower heating element 3, which is shown in the illustration, can of course be carried out just as well. This can be achieved by a corresponding movement of the movement device 5.
    Ultimately, of course, a simultaneous detachment of the semifinished product 2 of the two heating elements 3 is possible - for example, by the moving device 5 moves at about half the speed of the upper support plate 14 in the illustration.
    The embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 2c and 2d, which is essentially analogous to the embodiment of FIGS. 2a and 2b, wherein the movement device 5 is connected to the lower heating element 3 in the illustration.
    Of course, the method steps described in connection with FIGS. 2a and 2b are also possible with this embodiment. 9.20
    It is completely free, which side of the semifinished product is first contacted with a heating element. In fact, a simultaneous contacting of both sides of the semifinished product is possible.
    The construction and the location of the movement device 5 are selected by those skilled in the process requirements - for example, the construction of the handling devices 12 -.
    Of course, it is also conceivable to provide a second detaching unit 4, which is arranged between the upper heating element 3 and the semifinished product 2, in order to assist the detachment from the upper heating element 3 in the drawing.
    The detaching unit 4 shown in FIGS. 3 a to 3 c is designed as a grid. This grid has two groups of parallel wires 7, wherein the wires 7 of one group are arranged transversely to the wires 7 of the other group.
    The wires 7 can also be arranged non-parallel. In concrete application, the occupancy of the grid can be adapted to the shape of the semifinished product 2 by experts.
    In the illustrations of FIGS. 3a to 3c, furthermore, a heating element 3 is shown, in which the wires 7 of the grid can be lowered. For this purpose, 3 depressions 15 are provided in the heating element. For the exact configuration of the wire cross sections and the cross sections of the recesses 15, reference is made to FIG.
    FIG. 3a shows a plan view of the objects described, and FIGS. 3b and 3c show schematic sections in two different planes relative to FIG. 3a. Furthermore, the direction of movement X, which is the direction in which the grid is movable by means of the movement device 5, not shown in these figures. 10/20 • · • 9 · 9 · · • 9 f <5
    For the sake of clarity, not all wires 7 and depressions 15 have been provided with reference numerals.
    FIG. 4 shows, on the one hand, the configuration of a heating element 3 designed as a heating plate. This heating plate is designed substantially monolithic, wherein in its interior heating cartridges 8 are arranged, which provide the desired temperature of the heating plate.
    On the other hand, different cross sections for the wires 7 of the detaching unit 4 are shown, which are not sunk in the heating plate 3 in two cases. In the remaining cases, various cross-sections of recesses 15 and wires 7 are shown, with the wires 7 sunk in the recesses 15. For optimum heat transfer, not only between the heating element 3 and the semifinished product 2 itself, but also from the heating element 3 via the wires 7 to the semifinished product 2, some cases are shown in which the cross sections of the recesses 15 are matched to the cross sections of the wires 7 , Among the cross sections shown for the wires 7 are polygonal, in particular trapezoidal, rectangular and square, and elliptical, in particular circular, and ellipsensegmentförmige, in particular semicircular.
    For the sake of clarity, not all wires 7, recesses 15 and heating cartridges 8 are again provided with reference numerals.
    Furthermore, stops 16 may be provided to prevent unwanted displacement of the semifinished product 2.
    In Figure 5, a heating element 3 is shown with a release slide 9, as he can be found for example in one of the embodiments of Figures 2a to 2d as in the drawing upper heating plate use.
    The release slide 9 has the hot gas channel 10, the openings 11 are arranged transversely to the Ausschieberichtung the release slide 9. This will be 11/20
    * · · · · · · · · · · · ♦ T * V ··· · · · · · · # · ··· ··
    Hot gas injected into the interface between the semifinished product 2 and the heating element 3, which further supports the detachment of the semifinished product from the heating element 3.
    Innsbruck, December 23, 2013 12/20
    权利要求:
    Claims (27)
    [1]
    • · · ····· «· ·······················

    1. A device for heating a semifinished product (2) with at least one heating element (3), characterized in that a detachment unit (4) for supporting the semifinished product (2) and a movement device (5) for moving the detachment unit (4) is provided, wherein the movement device (5) for moving the detachment unit (4) in a direction substantially transverse to a surface (6) of the at least one heating element (3) is formed.
    [2]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the detaching unit (4) by means of the movement device (5) from a first for heating the semifinished product (2) suitable position in a second for the removal of the semifinished product (2) suitable position is movable.
    [3]
    3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that a on the detachment unit (4) to be arranged semi-finished product (2) in the first position with the at least one heating element (3) is contacted and in the second position of at least one heating element (3) spaced is.
    [4]
    4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the movement device (5) for movement of the detachment unit (4) in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface (6) of the at least one heating element (3) is formed.
    [5]
    5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the detachment unit comprises a grid, preferably with a frame.
    [6]
    6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that wires (7) of the grid are arranged parallel to each other
    [7]
    7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the grid has a first group of parallel wires (7) and a second group of parallel wires (7), wherein the wires (7) of the first 13/20

    Group are arranged substantially transverse to the wires (7) of the second group. 74835 32 / hg
    [8]
    8. Device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the lattice assignment of the shape of the semifinished product (2) is adjusted.
    [9]
    9. Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that wires (7) of the grid are so tense that arranged on the grid, limp semi-finished product (2) less than 10 mm, preferably less than 3 mm and more preferably less than 1 mm, sags.
    [10]
    10. Device according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that wires (7) of the grid have a polygonal, an elliptical or ellipsensegmentförmigen cross-section.
    [11]
    11. Device according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that wires (7) of the grid made of metal - in particular steel - and / or plastic are made.
    [12]
    12. Device according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that wires (7) of the grid (4) have a non-stick coating - preferably made of PTFE or carbon (DLC) - have.
    [13]
    13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the detaching unit (4) at least partially - preferably completely - in at least one heating element (3) is retractable.
    [14]
    14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the at least one heating element (3) comprises at least one heating plate.
    [15]
    15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that in the at least one heating plate - preferably substantially transverse to the surface (6) aligned - heating cartridges (8) are arranged. 14/20

    74835 32 / hg
    [16]
    16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the at least one heating element (3) comprises at least one heating grate.
    [17]
    17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that exactly two heating elements (3) are provided, wherein a first of the two heating elements (3) is stationary and a second of the two heating elements (3) relative to the first heating element (3 ) is movable.
    [18]
    18. Movement device according to claim 17, characterized in that the movement device (5) on the first heating element (3) and / or on the second heating element (3) is fixed.
    [19]
    19. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that at least one heating element (3) a release slide (9) is provided.
    [20]
    20. The apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that the release slide (9) is pin-shaped.
    [21]
    21. Device according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the release slide (9) has a hot gas channel (10).
    [22]
    22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that an opening (11) of the hot gas channel (10) is aligned transversely to a Ausschieberichtung the release slide (9).
    [23]
    23. Method for heating a semifinished product (2), wherein - the semifinished product (2) is deposited on a detaching unit (4), - the semifinished product (2) is contacted with the at least one heating element (3), - the semifinished product (2) is heated by heat transfer from the at least one heating element (3) and - the semifinished product (2) is detached from the at least one heating element (3), wherein movement of the detaching unit (4) in a direction substantially transverse to a surface (6) of the at least one heating element (3) is performed. 15/20 74835 32 / hg ··· Μ ···· »• ··· · ·::! ίίτ. ♦ · · · t
    [24]
    24. A method for heating a semifinished product (2) according to claim 23, wherein as semi-finished product (2) a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic, preferably an organic sheet and / or a tape is used.
    [25]
    25. The method according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that two heating elements (3) are used for heating both sides of the semifinished product (2).
    [26]
    26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that one of the two heating elements (3) is maintained at a lower temperature than the other.
    [27]
    27. The method according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the two heating elements (3) are contacted with the semifinished product (2) and that one of the two heating elements (3) is moved away from the semifinished product (2) before the melting of a semifinished product surface, whereby the contact with the semi-finished product (2) is released. Innsbruck, December 23, 2013 16/20
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT514325B1|2014-12-15|
    DE102014016365A1|2015-07-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE4105250A1|1991-02-20|1992-08-27|Fibron Gmbh|Heating oven for glass mat thermoplastic sheet - comprises heating plate stack with open chambers between for sliding frames on external guides and supporting sheet sections on tensioned wires|
    DE102011117338A1|2011-10-29|2013-05-02|Kraussmaffei Technologies Gmbh|Process for the production of plastic molded parts|
    AT514454B1|2013-07-11|2015-03-15|Engel Austria Gmbh|heater|AT517757B1|2015-10-05|2017-07-15|Engel Austria Gmbh|Konsolidiervorrichtung|
    DE102016101975B4|2016-02-04|2017-10-19|Voestalpine Metal Forming Gmbh|Apparatus for producing hardened steel components and method for hardening|
    DE102018109945A1|2018-04-25|2019-10-31|Kraussmaffei Technologies Gmbh|heater|
    法律状态:
    2020-08-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20191227 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA988/2013A|AT514325B1|2013-12-27|2013-12-27|Apparatus and method for heating a semifinished product|ATA988/2013A| AT514325B1|2013-12-27|2013-12-27|Apparatus and method for heating a semifinished product|
    DE102014016365.2A| DE102014016365A1|2013-12-27|2014-11-05|Apparatus and method for heating a semifinished product|
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