• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a door, in particular front door (1), with a frame-like core element (2) made of interconnected profile elements (4), wherein the profile elements (4) are made as a molded part of a plastic foam.
    公开号:AT514289A1
    申请号:T50324/2013
    申请日:2013-05-15
    公开日:2014-11-15
    发明作者:Herbert Ing Hochreiter；Mario Meisinger
    申请人:Ifn Holding Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1
    The invention relates to a door, in particular front door, with a frame-like core element of interconnected profile elements.
    A front door is today more and more made of various materials. Among other things, house doors comprise a core layer, which is mostly a profile that needs to be machined to accommodate the various fittings, e.g. Tapes, locks or handles to be able to record. The profiles are joined to the frame after processing with sometimes very complex procedures.
    The object of the present invention is to simplify the manufacture of a front door.
    This object is achieved with the above-mentioned door, in which the profile elements of the core element are made as a molded part of a plastic foam.
    The advantage here is that the molding can already be made in the finished embodiment of the profile element, i. that all the recesses for the fittings, etc., can be taken into account in the shape of the profile element, so that no cutting reworking is required for this, in particular the loud milling on the profile element, in which, among other things also correspondingly much dust accumulates, can be omitted. It is thus possible to produce a standard door without expensive post-processing. In addition, the use of moldings made of plastic foam on the one hand, the additional benefits that it improves the thermal insulation of the door, and on the other hand, the mold filling and thus compliance with low tolerances can be improved. 2/23 N2013 / 06300 2
    According to a variant of the door is provided that the profile elements are made by injection molding. It can thus be further improved the accuracy of the profile elements. In addition, the cycle time for the production of the profile elements can be shortened. In addition, a wider range of standard parts can be produced by a simple tool change.
    The plastic foam preferably has a density of at least 80 kg / m3. The profile elements thus consist of a very compact foam, whereby the mechanical strength can be improved. In addition, so that the thermal insulation properties can be improved by the profile elements.
    It is particularly preferred if the profile elements have a formed corner and a cut-to-length region. It can thus be dispensed with the complex Eckausbildung or the joining of the profile elements in the corners, whereby their assembly is simplified. Due to the ablängbaren area, it is again possible to produce the frame-like core element of the door from a higher number of standard profile elements, which can be responded to customer requests faster.
    It may further be provided that a tension rod is arranged within the profile elements, whereby the flexural strength and torsional strength of the frame-like core element is improved. By foaming the tension rod whose connection to the profile elements can be improved.
    According to another embodiment variant of the door, at least one reinforcing element can be arranged within the profile elements. It is thus created a better mounting option for the various fittings on the profile elements, which in turn is advantageous in that this at least one reinforcing element is foamed, i. is already provided during the production of the profile elements, whereby the integration of the at least one reinforcing element is improved in the respective profile element. On the other hand, the functional reliability of fittings, etc. can be ensured over a longer period of time by the arrangement of the at least one reinforcing element. For example, it can better prevent loosening or fogging of fittings over a longer period of use.
    In order to improve the compressive strength of the profile elements, provision may be made for the plastic foam to have a compression hardness to DIN 53421 of at least 3 N / mm 2.
    Preferably, the plastic foam is made of a thermosetting plastic. It can thus the durability, in particular the temperature resistance of the door can be improved so that it offers less attack for a delay due to the considered over the seasons temperature load.
    But it is also possible to produce the plastic foam from a thermoplastic material. It is thus the connection of several profile elements simplified by these can be welded together. In addition, thermoplastic foams are easier to produce by injection molding. In addition, a better connectability of the frame-like core element of the door with other components of the door can be achieved.
    It can further be provided that the profile elements are positively connected with each other. For this purpose, the interlocking elements are already taken into account in the shape of the molded part, so that the profile elements in particular have a predetermined joining direction for assembly. By means of the positive connection of the installation effort can be reduced.
    The profile elements may be connected to at least one stiffening element. It is thus achieved a further improvement of the mechanical stability of the frame-like core element.
    Preferably, the stiffening element is a glass sheet. The advantage here is that glass on the one hand causes a very good stiffening of the door and thus increases the stability of the door. On the other hand, the connection of the frame-like core element can be improved via the glass, since the glass surface allows easy and good production of adhesive joints. In addition, 4/23 N2013 / 06300 is 4
    Glass relatively inexpensive to manufacture. By using the glass reinforcement can be dispensed with a particular corner strength of the frame-like core element, so that its production is simplified.
    According to a preferred embodiment variant, the stiffening element is at least one multi-pane insulating glass element with at least two spaced glass panes. Through the use of a multi-pane insulating glass element, in addition to the improvement of the mechanical properties of the door, an improvement of the thermal insulation is achieved.
    It is also possible that two stiffening elements are arranged, which are each formed by a multi-pane insulating glass element with at least two spaced glass panes. It will thus further improve the thermal insulation and the stability of the door. This embodiment variant is particularly advantageous when the door panel of the door has a higher layer thickness, since the distance between two glass panes of a multi-pane insulating glass element can be kept small and thus the volume between the two glass panes can also be smaller. This, in turn, ensures that thermal expansions of the gas filling in this volume due to temperature fluctuations have less of an influence on the bulging of the glass sheets of the multi-pane insulating glass element, i. that the multi-pane insulating glass element is more dimensionally stable.
    According to a further embodiment of the door can be provided that the plastic foam is fiber-reinforced. Due to the fiber reinforcement, the plastic foam is given a higher strength per se, as a result of which the frame-like core element of the door likewise has a higher mechanical strength.
    It can further be provided that in at least one of the profile elements at least one infill is formed for a fitting that is not made by machining. So it will be the receiving chambers for the fittings, such. Door hinges, etc., already considered during the foaming of the profile elements 5/23 N2013 / 06300 5 and manufactured, so that a subsequent processing of the finished profile elements for their training is no longer required.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    Each shows in a schematically simplified representation:
    Figure 1 is a Flaustür in front view.
    2 shows a section through a profile element.
    3 shows a frame-like core element of a Flaustür before connecting the profile elements.
    4 shows the connection of two profile elements.
    Fig. 5 is a section through a Flaustür.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to the new situation mutatis mutandis when a change in position.
    In Fig. 1 a Flaustür 1 is shown in front view and without frame. With front view is meant the view from the outside, if the Flaustür is installed normally.
    The Flaustür 1 comprises or consists of a frame-like core element 2 (shown in partial section bottom left) and a door panel 3, which forms the door leaf. 6/23 N2013 / 06300 6
    The frame-like core element 2 comprises or consists of interconnected profile elements 4. In the present embodiment, the front door 1 comprises four profile elements 4th
    Next, the front door 1, the usual fittings 5 for rotatable attachment of the front door on the frame or the building, a door handle 6, a lock 7, one or more bars, etc., which will not be discussed here in detail. Reference is made to the relevant prior art.
    The profile elements 4 are made of a plastic foam. They can be welded together to form the frame-like core element 2.
    The profile elements 4 preferably comprise or consist of a thermosetting plastic foam, in particular a polyurethane foam.
    But it is also possible that the profile elements 4 comprise a thermoplastic foam or consist of this.
    In this case, the profile elements 4 preferably comprise an expanded polystyrene (EPS), an expanded polypropylene (EPP), or consist of one of these plastic foams. There are also more than one of these plastic foams for the production of the profile elements 4 can be used.
    According to a preferred embodiment variant of the front door 1, the profile elements 4 comprise or consist of a plastic foam having a density of at least 80 kg / m3, in particular of a plastic foam having a density of at least 100 kg / m3, preferably of a plastic foam having a density of between 100 kg / m3 and 200 kg / m3 or from a plastic foam with a density between 100 kg / m3 and 120 kg / m3. It is thus a low material fatigue and a better burglar resistance of the door made of the profile elements 4, in particular front door 1, achieved.
    It is further preferred if the plastic foam has a compressive strength according to DIN 53 421 of at least 3 N / mm 2, in particular a compressive strength according to DIN 53 421 7/23 N2013 / 06300 7 between 5 N / mm 2 and 10 N / mm 2. This can be achieved by adding Hartem. In addition or alternatively, the corresponding compression hardness can also be achieved by the corresponding formulation, for example in polyurethane foams by the ratio of the amounts of polyol and isocyanate to each other. Also on the molding pressure, ie the pressure during foaming the compression hardness can be set in addition to or alternatively.
    These setting options are known in the art, so that further discussion is unnecessary.
    Preferably, a commercial plastic foam is used, as it is available for example from Bayer.
    It is also possible that the profile elements 4, i. the plastic foams, over the cross section in the longitudinal direction and / or in the transverse direction to a space weight gradient, ie a Raumgewichtsgradienten have.
    The profile elements 4 are manufactured as molded parts, i. that they already have the corresponding profile cross section during production and that the required recesses 8 for various installations or functional elements or for receiving or arranging the fittings 5, etc., are already formed during the shaping, so that subsequent machining of the Profile elements 4 for producing these recesses is not required. By the profile elements 4 are produced as moldings, the foaming of the raw materials takes place in the mold.
    The various internals or functional elements, such as e.g. The fittings 5, etc., can be screwed to the respective profile element 4, glued, or connected in any other suitable manner with the profile element 4.
    Preferably, the profile elements 4 are produced by means of molded foams (thermosetting) or injection molding (thermoplastic) as molded foam parts or injection-molded parts. 8/23 N2013 / 06300 8
    To illustrate a possible profile cross section of the profile elements 4 is shown in FIG. Of course, the profile elements 4 in the context of the invention but also have a different cross-section.
    In the left part of Fig. 2, the cross section is stepped. There are thus stop surfaces 9 formed for the system to the correspondingly shaped frame. If appropriate, at least one groove for receiving a sealing element may be formed in these contact surfaces 9 or in the region of the contact surfaces 9.
    The right side of the cross section of the profile element 4 according to FIG. 2 is designed to receive or to arrange the door panel 3 (FIG. 1). At least one groove 10 may be formed for this purpose. As will be explained in more detail below, however, this region of the cross section may also have a different shape.
    In Fig. 3, the frame-like core element 2 of a front door before connecting the profile elements 4 is shown together. To simplify the figure, the illustration of the recesses 8 (FIG. 1) has been dispensed with.
    As can be seen from Fig. 3, the profile elements 4 are formed in the preferred embodiment L-shaped (in front view). As a result, a corner 11 of the frame-like core element 2 is already formed with a profile element 4 or with each profile element 4. It can thus be dispensed with the subsequent joining of the profile elements 4 to form the corners 11. Since the production of a corner joint of the profile elements 4 in the production is more complex than when the profile elements 4 are connected in the course of their longitudinal extension, as at the end of legs 12, 13 of the L-shaped profile elements 4, so that the production of the frame-like core element 2 is simplified become. In addition, a lower tolerance of the frame-like core element 2 is thus achievable.
    An end region 14 of the profile elements 4 can, as indicated in Fig. 3 by the transverse lines 15, in a predetermined pitch, the basis of desired 9/23 N2013 / 06300 9th
    Standard dimensions for doors 1 can be defined, be formed at predefinable places abziehbar. It is thus possible, the height and the width of the front door 1 and the frame-like core element 2 form easily customizable. The profile elements 4 may be embodied, for example, at the locations of the transverse lines 15 with a notch, etc.
    But it is also possible that the profile element 4 and the profile elements 4 are cut to length on the respective recess in the wall for the front door 1, including optionally the end portion 14 can be formed without these predefined cutting dimensions.
    Although not preferred, it is also possible that the profile elements 4 are formed as a straight rod product without the prefabricated corner 11.
    It is further possible to perform the profile elements 4 rounded in the corner area, i. to produce with a rounding. This has the advantage that a circumferential seal can be installed without interruption in the corners.
    With the profile elements 4 shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to set the dimensions of the frame-like core element 2 on the basis of two fixed points which are located in opposite corners 11 along the diagonal of the frame-like core element 4, thus for example the lower left corner in FIG 1 and the upper right corner 11 to set. Thus, it is possible that the frame-like core element 2 is made in only one standard size due to the Ablängbarkeit, so that the Vorrätighalten of different sizes of the profile elements 4 can be dispensed with.
    If necessary, at least one element (insert) for improving the mechanical properties of the profile elements 4 can be arranged, in particular foamed, in one or more profile elements 4 of the frame-shaped core element 2 of the front door 1. For this purpose, this element can be inserted into the injection mold before filling with the foamable plastic material. 10/23 N2013 / 06300 10
    This element may for example be a pull rod 16, as indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 3, or a reinforcing element 17, as indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 2. The reinforcing element 17 serves for better connection or connection, in particular screwing, of the fittings 5, bars, etc. used for the front door 1. In particular, these reinforcing elements 17 can be used for metallic elements which are connected to the profile elements 4 of the frame-like core element 2.
    Reinforcement elements 17 may be, for example, sleeves, nuts, sheets, metal strips, etc.
    Of course, if necessary, several of these elements can be used to improve the mechanical properties of the profile elements 4.
    These elements may be made, for example, of a metal, e.g. Steel, or of mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers, basalt fibers, carbon fibers, or of biogenic fibers, such as. Hemp fibers, persist.
    Further, these elements may be band-shaped, with a round cross-section, angular cross-section, etc. be formed.
    The surface of these elements can be smooth, ribbed, drilled, etc.
    It is possible that these elements to improve the mechanical properties of the profile elements 4 have at least one breakthrough or at least one recess, through which or in which the plastic foam protrudes in order to improve the connection of these elements to the plastic foam.
    As stated above, the individual profile elements 4 can be welded together to produce the frame-like core element 4. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible that the profile elements 4 are positively connected to each other. For example, the positive connection may be formed as shown in Fig. 5. For this purpose, a profile element 4 a pin 18 and to be connected to this profile element 4 further 11/23 N2013 / 06300 11th
    Profile element 4 may be provided with a slot 19, so that therefore the positive connection can be designed as a plug connection.
    Of course, other forms of positive engagement are possible, for example in the form of holes through which rods or bolts are inserted.
    The interlocking elements, that is, for example, the pin 18 and / or the slot 19 can be mitgeformt in the production of the profile elements 4 already. If one or more profile elements 4 must or must be cut to length, the respective other form-fitting element, that is, for example, the pin 18 or the slot 19, can be produced in the course of the cut. It is also possible that the end portion 14 of the respective profile element 4 is already prefabricated accordingly, for example provided with corresponding notches, so that the production of the positive-locking element is simplified.
    FIG. 5 shows a further and, if appropriate, separate embodiment of the front door 1 in section, again using the same reference numerals or component designations for the same parts as in the preceding FIGS. 1 to 4. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding Figs. 1 to 4 or reference.
    In the embodiment variant of the front door according to FIG. 5, the door panel 3 has two stiffening elements 20, which are formed as a multi-pane insulating glass element with at least two glass panes 21, 22 spaced apart from one another.
    It should be noted that in the context of the invention, only one stiffening element 20 may be arranged and / or that the one or more stiffening elements 20 may be formed by a simple flat glass.
    The stiffening elements 20 are arranged one behind the other (with respect to the direction from a first outer surface 22 to a second inner surface 23 of the front door 1). 12/23 N2013 / 06300 12
    Preferably, the stiffening elements 20 extend at least over the entire surface, which is formed between the profile elements 4 and within the frame-like core element 2. However, at least one of the stiffening elements 20 can also extend only over a partial area of this surface, wherein this stiffening element 20 extends in this case, at least over the entire distance between two opposing vertical or horizontal profile elements 4. This stiffening element 20 thus extends in each case over the entire distance between two opposing profile elements 4 of the frame-like core element. 2
    The multi-pane insulating glass elements may be the prior art for this, as this is known from the window industry, be formed. Accordingly, the two glass sheets 21,22 spaced from each other, with a spacer disposed therebetween. A gap 25 between the two glass panes 21, 22 may be filled with a gas, in particular a noble gas, e.g. Helium or argon, or a mixture of a noble gas and air, be filled. In order to ensure the gas-tightness of the multi-pane insulating glass element, a so-called edge bond is formed on its periphery.
    Instead of a gas, however, it is also possible, especially in those parts in which the one or more stiffening element (s) 20 are not visible, to fill the intermediate space 25 with a gel, in particular an airgel, at least partially, in particular in its entirety. Other fillings, e.g. Plastic foam, for example polyurethane foams, can be used.
    In general, therefore, the intermediate space 23 can be at least partially filled with a heat-insulating, non-transparent or semitransparent material.
    Since these details belong to the prior art, reference is made to the relevant literature.
    It should be noted that the multi-pane insulating glass element can also have more than two glass panes 21, 22, for example three or four, etc. 13/23 N2013 / 06300 13
    In Fig. 5, the two multi-pane insulating glass element with the formation of a gap 26 spaced from each other in the frame-like core element 2 of the front door 1 are arranged. This gap 26 may be provided, for example, with an insulating material, e.g. a plastic foam, be filled.
    Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 5 that the multi-pane insulating glass elements are each arranged flush with surfaces 27 or 28 of the profile elements 4. For this purpose, the profile elements 4 may have a protruding toward the door panel 3 web 29, abut on the surfaces 30 and 31, the multi-pane insulating glass elements and in particular connected thereto, preferably glued, are.
    Of course, however, the arrangement of the multi-pane insulating glass elements can also be effected in grooves 10 (FIG. 2) of the profile elements 4.
    Instead of glass, another material may be used for the stiffening element or elements 20, for example wood, a wood material, such as wood. WPC, a plastic, etc.
    On the two outer surfaces of the multi-pane insulating glass elements, a first plate-shaped viewing element 32 and a second plate-shaped viewing element 33 are arranged. In particular, these viewing elements 32, 33 are at least in regions with the respective multi-pane insulating glass element, i. the respective stiffening element 20, and / or the profile elements 4 connected, preferably glued.
    In the embodiment variant of the front door 1 shown in FIG. 5, the frame-like core element 2 is completely covered by the first plate-shaped viewing element 32 as well as by the second plate-shaped viewing element 33 on the respective side. But there is also the possibility of only partial coverage or coverage. In this case, the remainder of the profile elements 4 may be replaced with another material, e.g. Wood or plastic, be covered. 14/23 N2013 / 06300 14
    Further, a face 34 may be provided with a material, e.g. Wood or plastic, be covered so that the frame-like core element 2 is not visible from the outside.
    It should be noted in this context that the stiffening element 20 from the outside entirely not visible within the front door 1 can be arranged.
    According to another embodiment variant of the front door can be provided that the first plate-shaped viewing element 32 and the second plate-shaped viewing element 33 each have a recess or an opening that allow the review by the door leaf or the door panel 3. The two recesses are preferably the same size and are at the same height.
    In a special case, the recesses may be so large that the stiffening element 20, in particular the multi-pane insulating glass element, is 100% visible.
    In Fig. 5, the two glass panes 21,22 of the respective Mehrscheibenisolierglaselementes are the same size. However, it is also possible that the two glass panes of the multi-pane insulating glass element are different in size. Next, the two multi-pane insulating glass elements of the front door 1 of FIG. 3 can be different in size.
    According to another embodiment of the front door 1 can be provided that the plastic foam of the profile elements 4 is fiber-reinforced. As reinforcing fibers, for example, mineral fibers such as e.g. Glass fibers, basalt fibers, carbon fibers, or organic fibers, e.g. Plastic fibers, wood fibers, etc., are used.
    The reinforcing fibers may have a length between 0.8 mm and 25 mm. 15/23 N2013 / 06300 15
    The proportion of the reinforcing fibers may be between 10% by weight and 50% by weight, in particular between 20% by weight and 30% by weight, based on the entire profile element 4.
    The embodiments show possible embodiments of the front door 1, wherein it should be noted at this point that also various combinations of the individual variants with each other possible.
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that in order to better understand the structure of the front door 1, these or their components have been shown partly unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size. 16/23 N2013 / 06300
    LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
    front door
    Core element door panel
    profile element
    Fitting door handle
    lock
    recess
    stop surface
    groove
    corner
    leg
    leg
    end
    slash
    tension rod
    reinforcing element
    spigot
    slot
    stiffener
    pane
    pane
    surface
    surface
    gap
    gap
    surface
    surface
    web
    surface
    surface
    visual element
    visual element
    Front side 17/23 N2013 / 06300
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1 door, in particular front door (1), with a frame-like core element (2) of interconnected profile elements (4), characterized in that the profile elements (4) are made as a molded part of a plastic foam.
    [2]
    2. Door according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile elements (4) are made by means of foam molding or injection molding.
    [3]
    3. Door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastic foam has a density of at least 80 kg / m3.
    [4]
    4. Door according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the profile elements (4) have a formed corner (11) and a cut-to-length region.
    [5]
    5. Door according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that within the profile elements (4) at least one tie rod (16) is arranged.
    [6]
    6. Door according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that within the profile elements (4) at least one reinforcing element (17) is arranged
    [7]
    7. Door according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plastic foam has a compression hardness of at least 3 N / mm2.
    [8]
    8. Door according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plastic foam is made of a thermosetting or thermoplastic material. 18/23 N2013 / 06300 2
    [9]
    9. Door according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the profile elements (4) are positively connected with each other.
    [10]
    10. Door according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the profile elements (4) are connected to at least one stiffening element (20).
    [11]
    11. Door according to claim 10, characterized in that the stiffening element (20) is a glass pane.
    [12]
    12. Door according to claim 10, characterized in that the stiffening element (20) is a multi-pane insulating glass element with at least two spaced apart glass panes (21,22).
    [13]
    13. Door according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the plastic foam is fiber-reinforced.
    [14]
    14. Door according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that at least one infill is formed for a fitting in at least one of the profile elements (4), which is not made by machining. 19/23 N2013 / 06300
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    DE202012101061U1|2012-04-04|Frame profile for the production of frame
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT514289B1|2016-09-15|
    EP2803804A2|2014-11-19|
    EP2803804B1|2020-02-26|
    EP2803804A3|2016-02-10|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50324/2013A|AT514289B1|2013-05-15|2013-05-15|door|ATA50324/2013A| AT514289B1|2013-05-15|2013-05-15|door|
    EP14168140.3A| EP2803804B1|2013-05-15|2014-05-13|Door|
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