• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an electrical machine (1) which consists of a machine part (3) equipped with coils (2) and a machine part (4) which can be moved in a rotary or translatory manner. Between the machine part (3) equipped with coils (2) and the movable machine part (4) there is arranged at least one rolling body (5) which at least temporarily carries a magnetic flux which flows via the rolling body (5) to the machine part equipped with coils (2) (3) concludes. A torque of the rolling body (5) is generated around the current center of abutment (7) of the rolling element (5) on the machine part (3) equipped with coils (2). The transmission of the electromagnetically generated torque of the roller body (5) or the roller body takes place, preferably with positive locking, in the rotationally or translationally movable machine part (4).
    公开号:AT514263A1
    申请号:T320/2013
    申请日:2013-04-17
    公开日:2014-11-15
    发明作者:Manfred Dr Schrödl
    申请人:Manfred Dr Schrödl；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    2 2 · · · · ../17.4.13
    The invention relates to an electrical machine, which consists of a machine part equipped with coils and a rotary or translationally movable machine part.
    Rotary or linearly moving electrical machines are carried out according to the prior art with preferably two magnetically coupled parts, namely a stator and a rotor or a stator and a translator, which are located through an air gap in which also any liquid or gaseous medium can, built. The thrust force occurring in the air gap is generated by a suitable energization of coils, optionally in combination with permanent magnets. Known embodiments are DC machines, induction machines, synchronous machines, reluctance machines. The disadvantage of these arrangements is that only the tangentially acting force component contributes to the torque generation or propulsion force.
    The object of the invention is to provide an electrical machine which on the one hand avoids the above-mentioned disadvantages and on the other hand works more economically due to a new machine structure and / or can be operated.
    The object is achieved by the invention.
    The electric machine according to the invention is characterized in that between the machine part equipped with coils and the movable machine part at least one rolling element is arranged, which at least temporarily carries a magnetic flux, which closes on the rolling body to the machine part equipped with coils and the current roll-off point the rolling element on the machine part equipped with coils generates a torque of the rolling element. With the invention, a new invention is described. • • • • • • • • • • • • * •
    Represents machine structure, it is now possible to use the radial force component for torque or Vortriebskraftbildung. The electric machine according to the invention thus brings advantages in that it also uses the radial component of the force formation due to the new machine structure and is preferably designed without an air gap. A low-loss motion between the part equipped with coils of the machine - without limitation of the general "stator" called, in principle, a rotating or translational movement of this part is also conceivable - and the generally moving part - without limiting the generality of "rotor" or called "translator" in linear arrangements - carried by rolling elements, which roll off preferably between the stator and rotor, preferably form-fitting manner. As rolling elements all geometries are conceivable that can perform such a rolling motion between the stator and rotor. Examples include circular cylinders, spheres or equal thickness. All of these rolling elements and the rolling partners may be provided with modifications along the rolling surface, which allow a positive connection, such as design with teeth in gears or circular sections along the surface and at the corners of Gleichdicken and the like.
    The stator can be arranged inside or outside. A double or multiple arrangement with two or more partial stators and a rotor, between two or more Wälzkörpersysteme, is conceivable.
    The present invention also offers the possibility that the rolling elements can perform other functions, such as moving chambers for transport or compression or expansion of liquid, powdery or gaseous media analogous to pumps or compressors or the transmission of normal forces analogous to camps, so that functions such as pumping, compressing, relaxing or storage etc. can be taken over by the rolling elements without additional components. The arrangement can also be equipped with a transmission function, preferably as a planetary gear, with additional electromagnetic excitation in the stator or excitation part. 3/19 4 · # ·· * · ♦ «···· ···················································································«
    The essence of the invention is to be seen in particular in that a magnetic field, which is preferably generated by the stator by coil arrangements, is initiated by appropriate control of the coil at a suitable location in the preferably magnetically good rolling elements and again at a suitable location or the Leaves rolling element and closes in the stator. At the transitions of the magnetic field between the rolling element and the stator, a force is generated which is proportional to the square of the flux density and therefore always attractive between the two bodies. As a result, a torque, also referred to as a rolling moment, is generated about the instantaneous roll-off point, that is to say the point of contact, between the two bodies, which causes the rolling elements to rotate in the case of a motor. As a result, electrical power is removed and converted into mechanical power. In the generatorisehen case of the rolling elements is moved by external torque or force, the rolling moment then counteracts the Wälzdrehrichtung and thus feeds power into the electrical circuit.
    According to a particular feature of the invention, the transmission of the electromagnetically generated torque of the rolling element or the rolling elements, preferably in a form-fitting manner, takes place in the rotationally or translationally movable machine part. As a result, a slip-free rolling motion with very low losses is possible.
    According to a further particular embodiment of the invention, the Wälzkörperquerschnitt is a circle, preferably with positive locking producing modifications of the rolling surface. The form-fitting modification could for example be a toothed rolling surface. This makes it possible for the machine to be able to execute high speeds without significant shaking forces, since the center of gravity of the rolling element moves in a circular path.
    According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the cross section of the rolling element is a uniform thickness, preferably with positive locking producing modifications of the rolling surface. As a result, different general Wälzkörperquerschnitte, about with corners - in the case of a triangular 4/19 5 «· ·· ·» «·« Μ * »· ·
    9 9 * * I Μ «I • ·« * «* · · · .. • ·« «·« «· 999 9 · ·« «· · · ·» · · · ·
    Equal - can be used, which can produce versatile trajectories of the moving parts.
    According to a further special feature of the invention, a permanent magnet system for biasing the system, preferably in the rolling elements, is provided. This makes it possible to further improve the electrical efficiency, since the magnetizing reactive power is reduced. In addition, it can be generated in generator operation without further measures, such as power electronics, a terminal voltage.
    According to a very special feature of the invention, the energization of the coils generates the high torques in the rolling body, wherein the flow paths lead over the rolling elements. As a result, a high torque or power yield can be achieved for a given volume.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the energization of the coils takes place in dependence on the position of the rolling elements with respect to the coil-carrying machine part, wherein the position of the rolling elements is preferably carried out by mathematical models by evaluating easily accessible electrical quantities according to known methods of the prior art. As a result, similar to the principle of field orientation, stable operation is ensured at the same time as high utilization. In this case, the position of the rolling elements is determined either by direct measurement or preferably by mathematical models, for example via inductance evaluation, for example in accordance with the INFÖRM method according to AT 406 722 B1, or evaluation of the induced voltage.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the energization of the coils is controlled, preferably in accordance with a time function. This makes a very cost-effective implementation, such as directly on the three-phase network without complex electronics possible: 5/19 •··············································································· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the energization of the coils via mechanical sliding contacts, thereby the coils can be moved in relation to the power supply running. This can advantageously be achieved an arrangement similar to a DC machine, where the coils are energized correctly, for example by a mechanical commutator.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the energization of the coils via, driven by an electronic control, power electronic switch takes place. The power electronic switches may be connected to the electrical power source or sink. This allows optimum control of the machine, for example with high efficiency or with high torque yield.
    According to a feature of the invention, the machine is operated as a motor. As a result, it can advantageously transform electrical energy into mechanical -rotatory or translatory-energy.
    According to a further feature of the invention, the machine is operated as a generator. As a result, it can advantageously transform mechanical energy into electrical energy.
    According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the electrical machine takes on at least one additional function, such as pumps, turbines, compressing, relaxing, storage, transmission, conveyor belt, etc. This makes it possible that previously unknown degrees of integration can be achieved in the construction.
    According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the rolling elements or the rolling elements are rotatably connected to a sun and / or a planetary gear. Thus, the function of a planetary gear with electric drive part can be realized. 19.6
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the electrical machine has a combination of differently curved trajectory sections of the rolling bodies, preferably a combination of linear and circular track sections. As a result, for example, a trajectory of a conveyor belt can be realized, where the rolling elements take over both the storage and the power transmission.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated in the drawing.
    1 is a schematic representation of an electric machine as a classic internal rotor,
    2 shows a detail of a positive connection between rolling elements and a machine part,
    3 is a schematic representation of an electrical machine as an external rotor with permanently excited rolling elements,
    4 is a schematic representation of an electrical machine as external rotor with additional functions,
    5 shows a section through the machine of FIG. 4, and
    Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of an electrical machine as a linear motor.
    1, an electrical machine 1 is shown, which consists of a machine part 2 equipped with coils 2 and a rotatably movable machine part 4. Rolling elements 5 are arranged between the machine part 3 equipped with coils 2 and the movable machine part 4. These rolling bodies 5 lead, at least temporarily, a magnetic flux which, via the roller body 5, returns to the machine part 3 equipped with coils 2. The magnetic flux is indicated by the field line 6. The magnetic flux generated at the current rolling-off point 7 of the rolling element 5 on the machine part 3 equipped with coils 2 a - as will be shown later in detail - torque of the rolling element 5. 8 • · · · · · · · · · · · · • • • · • t t t t t t t..........................
    The transmission of the electromagnetically generated torque of the rolling elements 5 takes place positively in the rotationally movable machine part 4. Of course, it is also conceivable to carry out the transmission of the torque in non-positive form.
    The cross-section of the rolling elements 5 is - in the case shown - a circle whose outer rolling surface is provided for producing a positive connection with semicircular in cross-section longitudinal elevations 8. These longitudinal elevations 8 engage positively in corresponding recesses 9 in the movable machine part 4. Of course, the rolling surface could also have other modifications, such as tooth-like elevations. As rolling elements 5, all geometries are conceivable that can perform such a rolling movement between the machine parts 3, 4, ie between the stator and the rotor. Examples include circular cylinders, spheres or equal thickness. All of these rolling elements 5 and the Wälzpartner can be ausgestafet with modifications along the rolling surface, which allow a positive connection, such as design with teeth in gears or circular sections along the surface and at the corners of Gleichdicken and the like.
    A use of the electric machine 1 both as a motor, as well as a generator is self-evident. In this case, the stator can be arranged inside or outside. Also, a double or multiple arrangement with two or more Teilstatoren and a rotor, between two or more Wälzkörpersysteme is conceivable.
    According to Fig. 2, the basic idea of this principle is explained. The basic idea is that a magnetic field, which is preferably generated by the machine part 3, the stator, by coil arrangements, is initiated by appropriate control of the coils at a suitable location in the preferably magnetically good rolling elements 5 and again at a suitable location or the Leaves rolling element 5 and closes in the stator. At the transitions of the magnetic field - indicated by the field line 6 - between the rolling elements 5 and stator, a force is indicated by the arrows 11 8/19 9 ···· ♦ · ♦♦ - generated, which is proportional to the square of the flux density and therefore always attractive between the two bodies. As a result, a torque, also referred to as a rolling moment, is generated around the momentary roll-off point 7, the point of contact between the two bodies, which causes the rolling element 5 to rotate in the case of a motor. As a result, electrical power is removed and converted into mechanical power. In the generator case, the rolling element 5 is moved by external torque or force introduction, wherein the rolling moment then counteracts the Wälzdrehrichtung and thus feeds power into the electrical circuit.
    According to FIG. 3, an electrical machine 1 is shown in a schematic representation as an external rotor with permanently excited rolling bodies. The equipped with coils 2 machine part 3 is provided inside as a stator around which moves the rotatably movable machine part 4. Between the equipped with coil 2 machine part 3 and the movable machine part 4, the rolling elements 5 are arranged. In this case, a permanent magnet system 10 for biasing the system in the rolling elements 5 is provided. An improvement in the efficiency is the result, since the magnetizing reactive power is reduced. In addition, it can be generated in generator operation without further measures, such as power electronics, a terminal voltage.
    According to FIGS. 4 and 5, an electrical machine 1 as an external rotor with additional functions is shown in a schematic representation. The provided with coils 2 machine part 3 is provided inside and the movable machine part 4 outside. Between the two machine parts 3, 4, the rolling elements 5 are arranged. Centrally in the inside provided machine part 3, the stator, a shaft 12 is provided. On the one hand a storage is given as additional functions and on the other hand the movable machine part 4 assumes the function of a drive roller,
    As already mentioned, the electric machine 1 also offers the possibility that the rolling elements 5 can perform other functions, such as moving chambers for transport or for the compression or expansion of liquid powdery or gaseous media analogous to pumps or compressors or the transmission of normal forces analogous to bearings, so that functions such as pumping, compressing, relaxing or storage etc. can be taken over by the rolling elements 5 without additional components. The arrangement can also be equipped with a transmission function, preferably designed as a planetary gear parts with additional electromagnetic excitation in the stator or exciter part.
    According to a development but also the rolling elements 5 could be rotatably connected to a sun and / or a planetary gear.
    According to FIG. 6, an electrical machine 1 is shown as a linear motor in a schematic representation. The electric machine 1 consists of a machine part 3 equipped with coils 2 and a machine part 4 that is movable in translation. Between the machine part 3 equipped with coils 2 and the movable machine part 4, rolling element components in the form of equal dicks 13 are arranged.
    Of course, it is also conceivable that the electric machine 1 comprises a combination of differently curved trajectory sections of the rolling elements 5, preferably a combination of linear and circular track sections.
    Of particular importance is the power supply of the coils 2 to be measured. The energization of the coils 2 generates the high torques in the rolling elements 5, wherein the flow paths lead over the individual rolling elements 5. Furthermore, the energization of the coils 2 in dependence on the position of the rolling elements 5 with respect to the coil 2 supporting machine part 3, wherein the position of the rolling elements 5 preferably via mathematical models by evaluating easily accessible electrical quantities according to known methods of the prior art he follows. 10/19 11 ····
    Another possibility is to be seen in that the energization of the coils 2 via a controller according to a time function. The energization of the coils 2 via mechanical sliding contacts is in the range of possible. Likewise, the energization of the coils 2 via power electronic switches can be made, which are controlled by an electronic control. 11/19
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    «· 9 12 ·· • · • · * # ···.«. / 17.4.13 Claims: 1. Electric machine , which consists of a machine part equipped with coils and a rotatable or translationally movable machine part, characterized in that between the coil with machine (2) equipped machine part (3) and the movable machine part (4) at least one rolling body (5) is arranged, the At least temporarily, a magnetic flux leads, which on the rolling body (5) to the coil (2) equipped machine part (3) and closes around the current roll-off point (7) of the rolling body (5) on equipped with coils (2) machine part ( 3) generates a torque of the rolling body (5). 2 Electrical machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission of the electromagnetically generated torque of the rolling body (5) or the rolling elements, preferably formsehlüssig, in the rotationally or translationally movable machine part (4).
    [2]
    3. Electrical machine according to at least one of the claims! to 2, characterized in that the Wälzkörperquerschnitt a circle, preferably with Förmschluss making modifications of the rolling surface, is.
    [3]
    4. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the cross section of the rolling body (5) is a constant thickness (13), preferably a form-fitting producing modifications of the rolling surface is.
    [4]
    5. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a permanent magnet system (10) for biasing the system, preferably in the rolling elements (5), is provided. 12/19 13
    [5]
    6. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the energization of the coils (2) generates the high torques in the rolling body (5), wherein the flow paths over the rolling elements (5) lead.
    [6]
    7. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the energization of the coils (2) in dependence on the position of the rolling elements (5) with respect to the coil (2) carrying the machine part (3), wherein the position of the rolling elements (5) is preferably carried out by mathematical models by evaluating easily accessible electrical quantities according to known methods of the prior art.
    [7]
    8. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the energization of the coils (2) controlled, preferably according to a time function occurs.
    [8]
    9. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the energization of the coils (2) via mechanical sliding contacts.
    [9]
    10. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the energization of the coils (2) via, driven by an electronic control, power electronic switch takes place.
    [10]
    11. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the machine (1) is operated as a motor.
    [11]
    12. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the machine (1) is operated as a generator. 13/19 ·· ·· ···· ♦ * ·· ·· · t * · * ♦ ···· · * ·· ** ·············································· · T # · · < · * ·
    [12]
    13. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the electric machine (1) at least one additional function, such as pumps, turbines, compressing, relaxing, storage, transmission, conveyor belt, etc. takes over.
    [13]
    14. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the rolling elements (5) or the rolling elements is rotatably connected to a sun and / or a planetary gear or are.
    [14]
    15. Electrical machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the electrical machine (1) has a combination of different curved trajectory sections of the rolling bodies (5), preferably a combination of linear and circular track sections. SCHRÖDL Manfred, dr. V) represented by lawyer Mag. Marius Baumann 14/19
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2014169308A2|2014-10-23|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE19845914A1|1998-10-06|2000-04-13|Bosch Gmbh Robert|Drive device|
    WO2002099954A1|2001-05-09|2002-12-12|Abb Ab|Generator for wind power|
    WO2003044927A1|2001-05-09|2003-05-30|Abb Ab|Electrical machine|
    AT385936B|1980-07-28|1988-06-10|Philips Nv|DRY SHAVER|
    AT406722B|1998-01-30|2000-08-25|Schroedl Manfred Dipl Ing Dr|METHOD FOR FIELD-ORIENTED CONTROL OF A MECHANICALLY ENCODER WITHOUT THREE-PHASE|
    DE102004019463A1|2004-04-15|2005-11-10|Keiper Gmbh & Co.Kg|Drive unit for a vehicle seat|EP3054562A1|2015-02-09|2016-08-10|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Electric drive machine|
    US11043884B2|2018-08-28|2021-06-22|Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.|Multi-rotor electric machine|
    AT522827A1|2019-08-09|2021-02-15|Univ Wien Tech|Linked machine system|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA320/2013A|AT514263B1|2013-04-17|2013-04-17|Electric machine|ATA320/2013A| AT514263B1|2013-04-17|2013-04-17|Electric machine|
    EP14727369.2A| EP2987227B1|2013-04-17|2014-04-17|Electric machine|
    PCT/AT2014/000079| WO2014169308A2|2013-04-17|2014-04-17|Electric machine|
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