• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    To allow continuous adjustment of the variable Zuschaltraumes (1) of a reciprocating compressor (15) is provided as adjusting (7) a threaded spindle drive with a threaded spindle nut (10) and a threaded spindle (9), wherein the threaded spindle nut (10) as a plastic nut (20) Internal thread (24) is executed, the plastic nut (20) with an external thread (23) on an internal thread (22) of a nut carrier (21) of the threaded spindle nut (10) is arranged and the thread height (y) of the internal thread (22) of the nut carrier ( 21) and the thread height (x) of the external thread (25) of the threaded spindle (9) in each case with 50 to 80% of the radial thickness (d) of the plastic nut (20) is executed and the plastic thickness at least in the region of the thread flanks (26) of the internal thread (24) of the plastic nut (20) is at least 15% of the thread pitch (z1) of the internal thread (24).
    公开号:AT514199A4
    申请号:T50675/2013
    申请日:2013-10-18
    公开日:2014-11-15
    发明作者:Bernhard Dr Spiegl；Matthias Dr Kornfeld；Andreas Ing Schloffer
    申请人:Hoerbiger Kompressortech Hold；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    832 AT
    Adjustment device for an adjusting piston of a variable Zuschaltraumes a
    piston compressor
    The subject invention relates to an adjusting device for an adjusting piston of a variable Zuschaltraumes a reciprocating compressor with a threaded spindle, wherein the threaded spindle is screwed with an external thread in an internal thread of a threaded nut and either the threaded spindle or the threaded spindle nut is arranged axially movable and the axially movable threaded spindle nut or the axial movable threaded spindle is connected to the adjusting piston, and a reciprocating compressor with such adjustment.
    The regulation of the capacity of a reciprocating compressor by means of variable Zuschaltraums is a simple and well-tried principle. Due to the adjustable Zuschaltraum the dead space of the reciprocating compressor is reduced or increased. Depending on the size of the Zuschaltraumes (and thus the dead space), the pressure increase and decrease rate of the reciprocating compressor is flattened and reduces the amount of gas delivered. This form of control is hardly lossy and is in addition to a volume control in small and medium piston compressors also gladly used to tune the operating point of the reciprocating compressor on the drive.
    Piston compressors with variable clearance space are e.g. from US 1,586,278 A or US 8,430,646 B2. In this case, an adjusting piston in the Zuschaltraum, which is in communication with the cylinder chamber, axially displaced to adjust the dead space of the reciprocating compressor. The adjustment is made manually, hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically, e.g. by means of an electric motor. The adjustment of the adjusting is done by a threaded spindle drive, in which a threaded spindle is rotated by the drive. On the threaded spindle either an axially displaceable, connected to the adjusting piston nut (US 1,586,278 A) is arranged, or the threaded spindle is connected to the adjusting piston and arranged in a fixed bore with internal thread (US 8,430,646 B2). Furthermore, it is known to vent the space behind the adjusting piston in order to prevent a pressure increase therein, which would increase the necessary adjusting force. In addition, it can come by the caged behind the adjusting gas pressure to a force reversal, which is due to the back and forth in the thread to increased wear in the threaded spindle.
    However, the known Zuschalträume allow only an adjustment of the dead space from time to time. Between adjustment operations, the adjustment (threaded spindle) is mechanically locked to prevent unwanted adjustment of the dead space. In the US
    832 AT 8,430,646 B2, the e.g. by a hydraulic clamping nut, which fixes the threaded spindle against rotation.
    One reason for this is the high pulsating load of the threaded spindle drive during the adjustment. Due to the operation of a reciprocating compressor, the working pressure fluctuates rapidly between suction pressure and maximum compression pressure, resulting in a high-frequency, pulsating load on the threaded spindle drive. A conventional threaded spindle drive is not suitable for such high pulsating loads, between a low (at suction pressure) and a high load (at maximum compression pressure), and would fail in no time. In particular, a metallic threaded spindle in combination with a metallic nut would fail very quickly, since it would come to Mikrokaltverschweißungen due to the resulting high surface pressure at the contact points, which lead in combination with the relative movement of the two surfaces to each other to increased friction, heat and especially wear would.
    A continuous adjustment of the dead space by means of a threaded spindle drive for flexible adjustment of the flow rate is therefore not performed with the known systems or is not possible due to the lack of fatigue strength of the threaded spindle drive. Today's systems use a threaded spindle with fixation, e.g. in the form of a hydraulic clamping nut (as in US 8,430,646 B2) or a lock nut. This fixation may only be released during the adjustment process and must be retightened after adjustment.
    From the prior art, e.g. DE 198 31 940 A1, but also threaded spindle drives are known which use a threaded nut whose internal thread is coated with a plastic, with relatively small layer thicknesses, in the range of 0.1mm to 1mm (depending on the thread diameter) are sought. In this case, a pressure-stable, but slightly elastically deformable plastic, e.g. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), used to achieve smoother running by using the plastic coating as a cushioning layer against mechanical vibration. But such mechanical vibrations are usually power fluctuations of low amplitude, and usually also low frequency, which is superimposed on a high base load from the drive task of the threaded spindle drive. However, such a conventional threaded nut with plastic coating is not designed for the high pulsating loads in the adjustment of the variable Zustellraumes a reciprocating compressor and not suitable.
    832 AT
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an adjusting device for a variable Zuschaltraum that allows continuous adjustment of the dead space of a reciprocating compressor.
    This object is achieved in that the threaded spindle nut is designed as a plastic nut, wherein the plastic nut is arranged with an external thread on an internal thread of a nut carrier of the threaded spindle nut and the threaded spindle is screwed into the internal thread of the plastic nut and that the thread height of the internal thread of the mother carrier and the thread height the external thread of the threaded spindle is designed in each case with 50 to 80% of the radial thickness of the plastic nut and the plastic thickness is at least 15% of the thread pitch of the internal thread at least in the region of the thread flanks of the internal thread of the plastic nut. It has been found that this embodiment of the cooperating threads of the threaded spindle nut and the threaded spindle, the threaded spindle drive can withstand the high pulsating loads in a reciprocating compressor in spite of the use of a plastic nut, which on the one hand allows continuous adjustment of the Zuschaltraumes and on the other hand, a fixation of the adjustment by means of its own lock nut or clamping device as in the prior art makes superfluous.
    The point angle of the external thread of the threaded spindle and the point angle of the internal thread of the nut carrier is advantageously between 15 to 30 °, preferably 20 °, carried out, since the thread flanks then approximately form a bending beam of equal strength, which represents an optimum with respect to material utilization in terms of stress distribution. The tip angles differed preferably by less than 5 ° in order to be able to derive the introduced load in the best possible way.
    In order to prevent unintentional loosening of the plastic nut from the mother carrier, the plastic nut and the nut carrier is preferably secured by a rotation against mutual rotation. For automated operation, a drive unit for rotating the threaded spindle or the threaded spindle nut is provided. This also allows the integration of the adjusting device in a closed loop for continuously adjusting the Zustellraumes of the reciprocating compressor and thus for continuously controlling the capacity of the reciprocating compressor.
    If a pressure compensation device is provided in the delivery piston in order to compensate for the pressure in the space facing away from the cylinder in the delivery housing, a pressure build-up behind the delivery piston, which additionally loads the adjustment device, can be easily achieved
    832 AT would be prevented. The pressure compensation device can be designed simply as a single-acting piston ring on Zustellkolben, or arranged in the adjusting piston check valve, possibly together with a double-acting piston ring.
    The subject invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 1 to 4, which show by way of example, schematically and not by way of limitation advantageous embodiments of the invention. It shows
    1 shows a piston compressor with delivery space and adjusting device according to the invention,
    2a to 2c embodiments of the threaded spindle nut according to the invention,
    3a to 3c possible embodiments of a pressure compensation on the Zustellkolben and Fig.4 an alternatively executed adjusting a Zustellraumes.
    The variable Zustellraum 1 according to Figure 1 consists of a Zustellraumgehäuse 2, in which an adjusting piston 3 is guided axially and axially movable by means of an adjusting device 7. The Zustellraumgehäuse 2 is arranged in a conventional manner to a cylinder 6 of a reciprocating compressor 15. The cylinder 6 facing and demarcated by the adjusting 3 in Zustellraumgehäuse 2 space 4 is in communication with the cylinder chamber of the reciprocating compressor 15 and forms additional dead space of the cylinder. 6
    On Zustellraumgehäuse 2, an adjusting housing 8 is fixed, in which the adjusting device 7 is arranged. Of course, the Zustellraum 1 and the adjusting device 7 could also be arranged in a common housing. The adjusting device 7 comprises a threaded spindle drive with a threaded spindle 9 with an external thread, which is screwed into the internal thread of a threaded spindle nut 10. The threaded spindle nut 10 is arranged axially movable on the threaded spindle 9 and is connected to the adjusting piston 3, e.g. directly or via a connecting part 17. The adjusting piston 3 is thus moved axially with the threaded spindle nut 10 when the threaded spindle 9 is rotated. The threaded spindle 9 is arranged rotatably mounted in the adjusting housing 8, e.g. in a shaft bearing 16 on the cylinder 6 remote from the end of the adjusting housing 8. The threaded spindle nut 10 is axially guided in the adjusting housing 8 and arranged to be axially displaceable, for. in a sealing packing 11, which at the same time seals off the space 5 facing away from the cylinder 6 in the delivery space housing 2 behind the adjusting piston 3 against the interior of the adjusting housing 8.
    On the adjusting piston 3 remote from the end of the threaded spindle 9 projects axially out of the adjusting housing 8 and forms a shaft journal on which a drive unit 12, -4- 4/14
    832 AT with which the threaded spindle 9 can be rotated, can be connected. Of course, it is also conceivable to arrange the drive unit 12 in the adjusting housing 8. The drive unit 12 consists hereby. from an electric motor 14, which drives a gear 13, which is arranged on the output side of the threaded spindle 9. Of course, any other suitable drive, such as e.g. a pneumatic or hydraulic drive, conceivable.
    If the drive unit 12, and thus also the threaded spindle 9, twisted, the threaded spindle nut 10 moves axially, whereby the adjusting piston 3 is moved axially and the space 4, and thus the dead space of the reciprocating compressor 15, increased or decreased in dependence on the direction of rotation becomes.
    The threaded spindle nut 10 consists of a radially inner plastic nut 20 and a radially outer female carrier 21, which can also form the connection to the adjusting piston 3 at the same time. The mother carrier is preferably made of a solid material, e.g. Steel, and the plastic nut of a high mechanical strength (especially against pressure loads) and tribologically favorable plastic, such as. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) produced. The threaded spindle nut 10 will now be explained in more detail with reference to Figures 2a to 2c.
    As shown in Figure 2a, the nut carrier 21 has an internal thread 22 and the plastic nuts 20 an external thread 23 and an internal thread 24. The external thread 23 of the plastic nut 20 is disposed on the internal thread 22 of the female carrier 21, e.g. screwed into this. The, preferably metallic, threaded spindle 9 is screwed with its external thread 25 in the internal thread 24 of the plastic nut 20.
    So that the threaded spindle drive can also be used for the occurring in a reciprocating compressor, acting on the adjusting 7 high pulsating loads, it was found that the thread height x of the external thread 25 of the threaded spindle 9, and the thread height y of the internal thread 22 of the female carrier 21 each 50 bis 80% of the radial thickness d of the plastic nut 20 should be. The thread height x, y is in each case the radial distance between the thread root and thread crest.
    The power transmission between the threaded spindle 9 and threaded spindle nut 10 takes place from the spindle flank surface via the plastic nut 20 to the nut carrier 21 or vice versa. The plastic nut 20 is loaded in the ideal case largely only by compressive stresses. At less than 50% thread height x, on the one hand, the compressive stresses resulting from the transmission of force would increase beyond the load limits of the plastic of the plastic nut 20 and, on the other hand, in addition to the compressive stresses
    832 AT
    Shearing or bending stresses, especially in the area of the plastic thread tips, auftre-th, which would lead to a rapid failure of the plastic nut 20. On the other hand, with more than 80%, on the one hand, the minimum thickness of the plastic nut 20 in the area of the thread crests would be undershot, which could result in breakage of plastic segments. On the other hand, by a mother carrier 21 with increased thread height y by the higher load arm, the bending moment and thus the bending stresses in the metallic thread root of the mother carrier 21 rise beyond an allowable limit addition.
    It has furthermore been found that the thickness of the plastic layer on the thread flank 26 of the internal thread 24 of the plastic nut 20 should amount to at least 15% of the thread pitch z1 of the external thread 25 of the threaded spindle 9. At less than 15%, namely, the elasticity of the plastic of the plastic nut 20 in relation to that of the nut carrier 21 would be too low and the effect of a uniform load application to all threads would be massively reduced. The effective load of the plastic nut 20 would thus be greatly reduced.
    With these two measures it is achieved that at the thread flank 26 sufficient plastic is present, but at the same time the thread flank 26 of the plastic nut 20 is axially supported by the radially projecting internal thread 22 of the nut carrier 21. The pulsating load of the threaded spindle nut 10 leads to a micro-movement between the thread flanks 26 of the internal thread 24 of the plastic nut 20 and the adjacent thread flanks of the external thread 25 of the threaded spindle 9, but due to the tribologically favorable material of the plastic nut 20 lead to no wear. At the same time a uniform application of force is achieved in all threaded flanks 26 in contact due to the elastic plastic of the plastic nut 20, which evened the load on the individual threads. Due to the combination of these features, the threaded spindle drive can withstand the high pulsating loads, which makes it possible to operate the adjusting device 7 continuously without having to fix it.
    Advantageously, the thread of the threaded spindle drive is designed to be self-locking in order to be able to switch off the drive in phases in which no adjustment of the adjusting device 7 is required. As is known, this can easily be achieved via the pitch z1 of the external thread of the threaded spindle 9 of the threaded spindle drive.
    Preferably, the external thread 23 of the plastic nut 20 has the same pitch z2 as the pitch z1 of the internal thread 24 of the plastic nut 20 in order to use the same production tools can. With different gradients z1 and z2, the art could be -6- 6/14
    832 AT fabric thickness and thus the elasticity and force transmission between the contacting thread flanks 26 along the mother length can be varied.
    The tip angle α of the external thread 25 of the threaded spindle 9 and the tip angle ß of the internal thread 22 of the nut carrier 21 are advantageously 15 to 30 °, preferably 20 °. 5 At a point angle a, ß in this area, the thread flanks 19, 26 approximately form a bending beam of the same strength, which represents an optimum in terms of material utilization with respect to the stress distribution.
    The tip angles a, ß differed preferably by less than 5 ° in order to derive the best possible load. In order to prevent the plastic nut 20 from twisting relative to the nut carrier 21, an anti-twist device 27 may be provided. This can e.g. by radial pins 28 through the nut carrier 21 and the plastic nut 20, as in Fig. 2a, or by axial pins 29, as in Fig.2b. But it can also be provided that are connected to prevent rotation 27, mother carrier 21 and plastic nut 20 by a 15 applied therebetween adhesive layer against rotation.
    It can also be provided that the nut carrier 21 is at least radially encapsulated in an injection molding with plastic to form the plastic nut 20, wherein radial recesses 30 can be filled in the female carrier 21 at the same time with plastic, which then act as anti-rotation 27, as shown in FIG .2c shown. 20 In the adjusting piston 3, a pressure compensation device 31 may be provided to prevent that in the space 5 behind the adjusting piston 3, a high pressure is locked, which loads the adjusting device 7 during adjustment.
    The pressure compensation device 31 may be designed as a single-acting piston ring 32, as in Fig.3a and 3b. Single acting means known that the piston ring 25 seals only at one axial end face, whereas at the opposite end face pressure equalization grooves 33 in the piston ring 32 (Fig.3b) or pressure equalization grooves 34 in the piston ring groove 35 in the adjusting piston 3 (Fig.3a) are provided. After the piston ring 32 in the piston ring groove 35 has axial play, opens on movement of the adjusting 3 in the direction of the adjusting device 7, a path through the pressure equalization groove 34 and the piston-30 ringnut 35, whereby the pressure in the space 5 can compensate.
    The pressure compensation device 31 can also be designed as a check valve 36 in the adjusting piston 3, preferably in combination with a double-acting piston ring 38 (FIG. 3 c). In adjusting piston 3, a continuous recess 37 is provided for this purpose
    832 AT the space 4 before and the space 5 behind the adjusting piston 3 connects. Double acting means known that the piston ring 38 seals at both axial end faces. The recess 37 is closed on the space 4 before the adjusting piston 3 end facing by a biased valve element 39 of the check valve 36. If pressure builds up in the space 5 behind the adjusting piston 3, which pressure exceeds the pretensioning of the valve element 39, the check valve 36 opens, as a result of which the pressure in the space 5 can equalize.
    The adjusting device 7 can also be designed in an alternative embodiment, as described below with reference to FIG. Here, the spindle drive of the adjusting device 10 is designed with an axially movable threaded spindle 9 and an axially non-movable threaded spindle nut 10. The threaded spindle nut 10 is rotatably mounted in the adjusting housing 8 and is driven by the drive unit 12, i. twisted. For this purpose, a gear pinion 40 may be arranged on the threaded spindle nut 10, which cooperates with a gear in the gear 13 of the drive unit 12. Of course, the 15 threaded spindle nut 10 can of course be rotated in a variety of other ways by the drive unit 12. The threaded spindle 9, which is displaced axially upon rotation of the threaded spindle nut 10, is here connected to the adjusting piston 3, e.g. directly or via a connecting part 17. In this way, by rotating the threaded spindle nut 10, the position of the adjusting piston 3 in the Zustellraumgehäuse 2, and thus the Schad-20 space of the reciprocating compressor, be adjusted.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. adjusting device for an adjusting piston (3) of a variable Zuschaltraumes (1) of a reciprocating compressor (15) with a threaded spindle (9), wherein the threaded spindle (9) with 5 an external thread (25) in an internal thread (24) of a Threaded spindle nut (10) is screwed in and either the threaded spindle (9) or the threaded spindle nut (10) is arranged axially movable and the axially movable threaded spindle nut (10) or the axially movable threaded spindle (9) with the adjusting piston (3) is connected, characterized in that the threaded spindle nut (10) is designed as a plastic nut (20) with internal thread 10 (24), wherein the plastic nut (20) is arranged with an external thread (23) on an internal thread (22) of a nut carrier (21) of the threaded spindle nut (10) and that the thread height (y) of the internal thread (22) of the nut carrier (21) and the thread height (x) of the external thread (25) of the threaded spindle (9) in each case with 50 to 80% of the radial thickness (d) of the plastic nut (20) is executed and the plastic thickness at least 15 in the region of the thread flanks (26) of the internal thread (24) of the plastic nut (20) at least 15% of the thread pitch (z1) of the internal thread (24 ) is.
    [2]
    2. Adjusting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the point angle (a) of the external thread (25) of the threaded spindle (9) and the apex angle (ß) of the internal thread (22) of the nut carrier (21) between 15 to 30 °, preferably 20 °, is.
    [3]
    3. Adjusting device according to claim 2, characterized in that the Spit zenwinkel (a, ß) differ by less than 5 °.
    [4]
    4. Adjusting device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plastic nut (20) and the nut carrier (21) by an anti-rotation device (27) are secured against mutual rotation.
    [5]
    5. Adjusting device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a drive unit (12) for rotating the threaded spindle (9) or the threaded spindle nut (10) is provided.
    [6]
    6. piston compressor with a variable Zustellraum (1) with a Zustellraumgehäuse (2), in which a Zustellkolben (3) is arranged axially movable and the Zustellraum (1) with 30 the cylinder chamber of a cylinder (6) of the reciprocating compressor (15) is connected , wherein the Zustellkolben (3) by an adjusting device (7) according to one of claims 1 to 5 is executed. -9- 9/14 832 AT
    [7]
    7. Piston compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that in the delivery piston (3) a pressure compensation device (31) is provided to compensate for the pressure in the cylinder (6) facing away from the space (5) in the delivery housing (2).
    [8]
    8. Piston compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressure-equalizing device (31) is designed as a one-sided piston ring (32) on the delivery piston (3).
    [9]
    9. Piston compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressure compensation device (31) as a check valve (36) in the adjusting piston (3) is executed.
    [10]
    10. Piston compressor according to claim 9, characterized in that in Zustellkol-10 ben (3) a double-acting piston ring (38) is arranged. -10- 10/14
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    US20150110657A1|2015-04-23|
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    CN107701396B|2017-11-07|2019-05-07|蚌埠高科瑞力压缩机有限公司|A kind of clearance adjusting device of piston for compressor cylinder|
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    CN107605717A|2017-11-07|2018-01-19|蚌埠高科瑞力压缩机有限公司|A kind of external device of piston for compressor cylinder clearance adjusting means|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50675/2013A|AT514199B1|2013-10-18|2013-10-18|Adjustment device for an adjusting piston of a variable Zuschaltraumes a reciprocating compressor|ATA50675/2013A| AT514199B1|2013-10-18|2013-10-18|Adjustment device for an adjusting piston of a variable Zuschaltraumes a reciprocating compressor|
    US14/508,652| US10954937B2|2013-10-18|2014-10-07|Adjusting device for an adjusting piston of a variable clearance space of a reciprocating compressor|
    CN201410551130.4A| CN104564603B|2013-10-18|2014-10-17|Adjusting apparatus for the adjustment piston in the variable gap space of piston compressor|
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