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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a lighting unit (1) for a headlight, in particular a motor vehicle headlight, wherein the lighting unit (1) comprises a plurality of light sources (2), a light guide unit (3) and a downstream projection lens (4), the light guide unit (3) having a plurality each light guide (30) each having a light outcoupling surface (30a) and a respective light input surface (30b), and wherein each light source (2) light exactly in a light guide (30) associated therewith via each light input surface (30b ). According to the invention, light guide rods (10) are arranged between the light sources (2) and the light coupling surfaces (30b) of the light guides (30), which light guide rods (10) are combined to form at least one light guide rod package (100), and wherein each light source ( 2) couples light substantially exclusively into the light guide rod coupling-in points (10a) of the respective light source (2), and wherein the light emerging from the light guide rod coupling-out points (10b) of an associated light source (2) substantially exclusively into the light coupling surface (30b) of the respective light source (2) associated light guide (30) couples.
    公开号:AT513917A1
    申请号:T50088/2013
    申请日:2013-02-05
    公开日:2014-08-15
    发明作者:Friedrich Bauer；Erik Pirringer；Udo Maier
    申请人:Zizala Lichtsysteme Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    P12887
    Lighting unit for a headlight
    The invention relates to a lighting unit for a headlight, in particular a motor vehicle headlight, wherein the lighting unit comprises a plurality of light sources, a light guide unit and a downstream projection lens, wherein the light guide unit has a plurality of light guides, each light guide each having a light outcoupling surface and one light input surface, and wherein each light source precisely couples light into a light guide associated therewith via a respective light input surface.
    Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle headlight for a motor vehicle with at least one such lighting unit.
    With a lighting unit as mentioned above, it is possible to use a light function such as a light source. to build a low beam distribution or a high beam distribution of a plurality of partial light distributions. These partial light distributions can be individually controlled by individual control of the light sources, so that, for example, parts of the light distribution can be selectively hidden or dimmed or only certain parts of the light distribution can be operated or dimmed. This makes it possible to control the light distribution as a function of the driving situation almost arbitrarily.
    Functions which can be realized with this technique are e.g. Partial distance light, in which the glare reduction of the oncoming traffic segments in the light image of the high beam distribution are switched, shifting the light center in the low beam (see cornering light), reduction of the apron light distribution for the purpose of glare-free oncoming traffic on wet roads (bad weather light), etc.
    The individual light segments in the light distribution are generated by means of light guides, which are joined together to form a light guide unit, and through which light guides which are emitted by the artificial light sources are focused in the emission direction. The light guides have a relatively small cross-section and therefore emit the light of the individual light sources each associated with very concentrated in the emission direction. In AT 510 437 A4 a light module is disclosed in this context, which has a light guide in the form of a light guide, there called a light tunnel, and a plurality of light sources.
    In principle, the light guides may be light guide bodies in which the light coupled in via the light incoupling surface is totally reflected and then exits via the light exit surface. A light guide unit in this case consists of a number of side by side arranged, interconnected or preferably made of one piece such Lichtleitkörper.
    The light guides can also be designed as reflectors, thus forming a quasi-hollow tube, at the one side of which light is coupled in, reflected in the tube and radiated again at the other open side. The light guide unit thus consists of a number of juxtaposed, above-described light guides, which are separated by - preferably as thin as possible - partition walls.
    Such a light guide unit is usually made of plastic, also provided that the light guide unit is designed as thin as possible at least in the area between adjacent light guides to minimize unwanted optical side effects can.
    However, due to the thermal and optical stresses, in particular in the area of the light coupling points of the light guides, such light guide units are easily damaged or destroyed by the light guide unit.
    To overcome this problem, it can be considered to use a thermally stable, especially a high temperature suitable plastic. However, it is necessary to provide the light guide unit, in whose light guides the coupled-in light is supposed to propagate, with a light-reflecting, in particular highly reflective layer, preferably to vaporize, so that the light in the light guides can not and will not be absorbed.
    However, this results in a very limited choice among the usable plastics, since many high-temperature plastics can not be coated or not particularly well with a reflective layer.
    Also, the use of transparent plastics has proved to be unsuitable, since in addition to the thermal damage of the material still a yellowing effect can occur.
    If one positions the light sources, i. the LED light sources at a sufficiently large distance from the light coupling points of the light guides, so there is a strong, undesirable loss of efficiency of the light sources.
    The use of silicone material for the light guide unit leads to thermally much more stable light guide units, but these must also be made with a usually made of plastic holder, so that the above-mentioned problem in turn results and can lead to damage or destruction of the holder.
    Although the positioning of a simple, optically transparent glass plate between the light sources and the light guide unit leads to a thermal decoupling, but then there is a crosstalk between the individual light guides, i. Light sources couple the light emitted by them not only in the exact associated light guide, but also in other light guides, so that when activating a particular light source not only a light segment as desired illuminates the area before the vehicle, but several light segments are displayed in the photograph, which is undesirable.
    It is an object of the invention to provide a solution to the problem described above.
    This object is achieved with a luminous unit mentioned in the introduction, in that, according to the invention, light guide rods are arranged between the light sources and the light coupling surfaces of the light guides, which light guide rods are combined to form at least one light guide rod package, and wherein each light source emits light essentially exclusively into the light guide rod. Einkoppelstellen coupled from the respective light source associated Lichtleitstäben, and wherein the emerging from the Lichtleitstab coupling points light of an associated light source couples substantially exclusively in the Lichteinkoppelfläche the light source associated with the respective light source.
    By interposing at least one optical element in the form of a light guide rod package between the light sources and the light guide unit, the light guide unit can be thermally decoupled from the light sources, so that there is no thermal impairment of the light guide unit by the light sources.
    The inventive construction of the intermediate (at least one) element in the form of a Lichtleitstab-Pakt, which consists of a plurality of Lichtleitstäben, in which propagates the injected light by total reflection, a light source can be accurately mapped to the Lichteinkoppelstelle their associated light guide, so that it is avoided that a light source couples light into a light guide other than its assigned. The smaller the cross section of the individual light guide rods, i. E. the more light guide rods provide for the image of a light source on the associated Lichteinkoppelstelle the light guide, the more accurate the light source is imaged on the Lichteinkoppelstelle. 5/32 -5- PI2887
    Due to the fact that the light sources or their light exit surfaces generally do not lie directly against one another but have a certain distance from one another, a correspondingly small diameter of the light guide rods reliably ensures that a light source does not, even to a small extent (or only in FIG an irrelevant extent), light is coupled into an unassigned light guide.
    In a specific embodiment of the invention it is provided that a number of Lichtleitstäben is combined into a fiber rod, and that the at least one Lichtleitstab package consists of a number of such fiber rods, so that each light source couples light into a number of such fiber rods.
    A number of fiber rods thus form a so-called fiber rod package, i. the fiber rods, each of which in turn consists of a number of Lichtleitstäben are combined to form a fiber rod package. The terms "fiber rod package " and "light guide rod package " thus designate the same optical element.
    As can be seen from DE 10 2010 052 479 A1, preferably 7, 19, 37, 61, 91, etc. light-conducting rods are arranged in a fiber rod.
    The summary of the Lichtleitstäbe in a Lichtleitstab package or the fiber rods in a fiber rod package has the advantage that tolerances are not or only to a minor extent taken into account when assembling the lighting unit according to the invention, unlike that would be the case, for example, if between each Light source and each Lichteinkoppelstelle a light guide only a single totally reflective Lichtleitkörper would be arranged.
    It is particularly advantageous if light guide rods are combined into exactly one Lichtleitstab package, which is synonymous with the fact that the fiber rods are combined into exactly one fiber rod package (in the event that Lichtleitstäbe are combined into fiber rods). 6/32 -6-PI2887
    This has the advantage that only a single additional optical element between the light sources and the light guide unit must be installed, in which - with a sufficiently high number of Lichtleitstäben - lateral slippage of the optical element in directions normal to a normal to the light exit surfaces of the light sources completely irrelevant, since at sufficiently high resolution (ie sufficiently high number of Lichtleitstäben) the light exit surface is almost 1: 1 imaged on the Lichteinkoppelstelle the associated light guide and only small amounts of light passes into adjacent Lichtleitstäbe, which do not couple light in the associated Lichteinkoppelstelle. This light also passes to a large extent or not at all in unassigned light guides, so that there can be no adverse optical effects.
    In order to achieve the most dense packing possible of Lichtleitstäbe, it is provided that the Lichtleitstäbe have a square or preferably hexagonal cross-section.
    For this reason, it is also provided that the fiber rods have a square or preferably hexagonal cross-section.
    The production of light-conducting rods used in accordance with the invention and optionally fiber rods formed thereon is described in detail, for example, in DE 10 2010 052 479 A1.
    The outer contour of the light guide rods or the fiber rods is thus formed square or preferably hexagonal. This results, as described in DE 10 2010 052 479 A1, a high packing density of the light-conducting rods or of the fiber rods.
    For manufacturing reasons, it may be advantageous if the Lichtleitstäbe a fiber rod of a shell, preferably a glass envelope are surrounded. 7/32 -7-PI2887
    Such a glass envelope can, as described in DE 10 2010 052 479 A1, be provided for holding together the light-conducting rods during the production process of the fiber rods and then becomes part of the fiber bundle.
    In order to achieve optimum total reflecting properties of the light guide rods, it can be provided that the light guide rods are formed in the form of rod-tube systems made of glass, with a cladding glass as a tube and a core glass as a rod, wherein the core glass is encased by the cladding glass.
    It is then preferably provided that the core glass has a refractive index which is greater than the refractive index of the cladding glass.
    In this way, transmission of light as a result of reflection at the interfaces of the inner and outer glass in a Lichtleitstab is possible.
    In order to obtain a mechanically stable package, it is advantageous if the light-conducting rods of a light-conducting rod package are connected to one another, preferably fused together.
    It may also be advantageous if the Lichtleitstäbe a fiber rod connected to each other, preferably fused together.
    Furthermore, it is advantageous if the fiber rods of a fiber rod package connected to each other, preferably fused together.
    In this way, mechanically homogeneous fiber rods or mechanically homogeneous fiber rod packages result.
    In a concrete, space-saving embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the light-conducting rods of a light-conducting rod package and / or the fiber rods of a fiber rod package run parallel to one another. 8/32 -8- PI2887
    The light guide rods or fiber rods thus preferably run parallel, but in principle, of course, can be arbitrarily curved.
    It is further provided that the at least one Lichtleitstab packet is arranged in a light source distance from the light sources, wherein the at least one Lichtleitstab packet preferably has the same distance to all associated light sources.
    The light source distance is the normal distance of the light exit surface of the light source to the light incoupling surface of the Lichtleitstab packet, which Lichteinkoppelfläche the Lichtleitstab packet is formed by the Lichteinkoppelflächen the Lichtleitstäbe or the Lichteinkoppelflächen the fiber rods.
    Preferably, as already described, exactly one Lichtleitstab / fiber rod package provided in which package all light sources couple light. In the event that two or more light guide rod / fiber rod packages are provided, which are adjacent to each other, it is preferably provided that all packages have the same distance to their respective associated light sources.
    It is particularly advantageous if the light source distance approaches zero or is preferably zero.
    In this way it can be ensured that light is actually coupled only in the associated Lichtleitstäbe, ie in Lichtleitstäbe which couple light directly into the associated light guide or indeed partially or completely past the associated light guide, but not in another, not assigned lighting. With "legal " Lichtleitstäbe be referred to such Lichtleitstäbe that do not couple light from a light source or only partially in the light source associated with the light guide, the light but not couple into another light guide. This can be realized in that the light exit surfaces of adjacent light-emitting diodes are spaced apart from one another. 9/32 -9- PI2887
    Crosstalk of light and light losses can be avoided or at least minimized in this way.
    Furthermore, it is provided that the at least one light guide rod package is arranged in a light guide unit distance to the light coupling surfaces of the light guide unit, wherein this light guide unit distance is preferably zero again.
    By a direct concern of the light guides on the package again light loss and / or crosstalk can be avoided or at least minimized.
    A spacing of the light sources from the light guides is used in the prior art to thermally decouple the light guides. However, scattering losses and crosstalk problems, ie the coupling of light from light sources into unassigned light guides, have resulted from the distance. By interposing a Lichtleitstab package, this problem can be eliminated, at the same time, the light sources and the light guides are thermally decoupled. In order to avoid crosstalk and scattering losses now between light sources - Lichtleitstabpaket and Lichtleitstab-packet light guides, it is preferably provided that between each of these units a distance zero is provided.
    In the light guide rods, light propagates as a result of total reflection. Light rays that do not meet the total reflection condition, ie impinge on the mantle of the light-conducting rod at an angle smaller than the critical angle for total reflection, emerge from the light-conducting rod into which they have been coupled. In order that these light beams do not couple into an unassigned light guide, it is preferably further provided that the thickness of the at least one light guide rod package, i. the distance between the surface of the light guide rod package facing the light sources and the surface of the light guide rod package facing the light guide unit has or exceeds a defined minimum value, which minimum value is selected such that light consisting of one of a 10/32 -10-PI2887
    Luminous control rod associated side exit, at most passes in permissible Lichtleitstäbe.
    In this sense, it is also a higher number (greater density) of Lichtleitstäben advantage - the more fiber optic rods must cross a light beam in which he enters due to the non-compliance of the total reflection condition, the weaker it becomes. If a light beam is sufficiently attenuated in this way before it enters an unassigned light guide, then it is already so weak that its intensity is negligibly small.
    The thickness must also be chosen such that a sufficient thermal decoupling of the light guides is realized by the light sources. The thickness is thus also dependent on the material used of the Lichtleitstab package or its Wärmeleitkoeffizienten. Typically, the thickness is in the range of a few millimeters.
    In a specific embodiment, it is provided that the at least one Lichtleitstab package is formed in the form of a plate-shaped element.
    Typically, it is provided that exactly one single light guide rod package is provided. However, it can also be provided that in the light exit direction one behind the other, directly adjacent to each other two or more Lichtleitstab packets are arranged.
    It is thus virtually formed a stack of two or more in the light exit direction successive packets.
    The optical fibers typically have a constant index of refraction over their radius. The core material of the optical fiber rod thus has a constant refractive index from the longitudinal center line of the light guide rod in a section normal to this longitudinal middle straight outwards towards the mantle of the light guide rod. 11/32 -11- PI2887
    But it may also be advantageous if the Lichtleitstäbe are designed as gradient Lichtleitstäbe. In such gradient Lichtleitstäben the refractive index of the core material is not, as described above, constant, but decreases towards the outside. As a result, a light beam in the light guide between two reflections does not move rectilinearly, but follows a quasi-sinusoidal course, so that steeply incident light rays, which may not meet the total reflection condition, are deflected so that they do not emerge from this at the edge region of the light guide rod ,
    Furthermore, it is advantageously provided that the light sources are LED light sources, wherein each LED light source comprises at least one light-emitting diode.
    Preferably, each LED light source can be controlled separately and switched on and off and / or dimmable, wherein preferably each LED of an LED light source can be controlled separately and switched on and / or off and / or dimmbar.
    In the following the invention with reference to the drawing of an exemplary embodiment is discussed in more detail. In this shows
    1 is a schematic exploded view of a lighting unit according to the invention in a perspective view,
    2 is a schematic exploded view of a lighting unit according to the invention in the region of a light guide rod package,
    3 is a detailed view of a fiber rod with multiple Lichtleitstäben,
    Fig. 4 is a light source and schematically their emission characteristics, and Fig. 5 shows two light sources with upstream Lichtleitstab package. 12/32 -12- PI2887
    1 shows a lighting unit 1 according to the invention for a motor vehicle headlight, consisting of a plurality of light sources 2, a light guide unit 3 with a plurality of light guides 30 and a downstream projection lens 4. Each light guide 30 has a light output surface 30a, and via a light coupling surface 30b couples each Light source 2 light exactly in their associated light guide 30 a (see in particular Figure 2). The light sources 2 are arranged on a common carrier 5, for example a heat sink.
    The light sources 2 are LED light sources, each LED light source 2 comprising at least one or, as in the present example, exactly one light-emitting diode. Such a light-emitting diode 2 in this case has a light exit surface 2 a. Preferably, each LED light source 2 can be controlled separately and switched on or off and / or dimmable.
    The light guides 30 are arranged in the light guide unit 3 next to one another and in the example shown in FIG. 1 in three superimposed rows. The light guides 30 are aligned substantially in the direction of an optical axis x associated with the projection lens 4.
    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the light guides 30 are designed as reflectors, thus forming a quasi-hollow tube, and have light outcoupling surfaces which are set up to emit the light in the direction of the downstream projection lens 4. The light outcoupling surfaces as well as the light coupling surfaces are thus limited openings in the light guide unit 3.
    In contrast, in Figure 2, the light guides are as totally reflecting optical elements, e.g. Plastic or glass body formed, in which from the light emitting surfaces 2 a of the respectively associated light-emitting diodes 2 exiting light is coupled into the Lichteinkoppelflächen 30 b, in the optical elements (light guides) 30 totally reflective 13/32 -13- PI2887 propagates and exits via the light exit surfaces 30 a and is emitted by the lens 4 in an area in front of the lighting unit.
    The different choice of the design of the light guides in Figure 1 and Figure 2 is intended to express on the one hand, that it is irrelevant to the invention, in which form the light guides are formed, and on the other hand, the embodiment of Figure 2 provides a clearer way of discussing the invention ,
    In order to avoid the light guide units 30 shown, for example, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the damage and destruction of the light guide unit is easily due to the thermal and optical stresses, in particular in the area of the light coupling points of the light guides due to the radiation and heat generated by the light sources provided that between the light sources 2 and the light input surfaces 30b of the light guides 30, an optical element 100 is provided. As can be clearly seen in FIG. 2 in conjunction with FIG. 3, this optical element 100 is a so-called light guide rod package 100, which consists of a number or plurality of light guide rods 10 (FIG. 3), which light guide rods 10 are connected to the light guide rod 10 Lichtleitstab package 100 are summarized. The light guide rod package 100 is, for example, a plate-shaped element as shown.
    The package 100 in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 consists of a number of fiber rods 11, each fiber rod 11 in turn consists of a number of Lichtleitstäben 10, as shown in Figure 3. A number of light guide rods 10 are thus each combined into a fiber rod 11, and a plurality or a plurality of fiber rods 11 forms the Lichtleitstab package 100 (also referred to as fiber rod package, or hereinafter also referred to only as "package").
    Typically, 7.19, 37, 61, 91, etc. light guide rods are arranged in a fiber rod. 14/32 -14- PI2887
    In order to achieve the most dense packing possible of Lichtleitstäbe 10, it is provided that the Lichtleitstäbe 10 have a hexagonal cross-section. Likewise, the fiber rods 11 preferably have a hexagonal cross-section.
    In principle, however, it can also be provided that in the manufacture of the package 100 the light guide rods are not initially combined to form fiber rods, but rather that the package 100 is produced directly from the light guide rods. Manufacturing technology and mechanical stability, it may be advantageous to summarize the Lichtleitstäbe 10 as shown in Figure 3 for the time being to fiber rods 11 together.
    In the embodiment shown in Figure 3 is further provided that the Lichtleitstäbe 10 of a fiber rod 11 are surrounded by a shell 12, preferably a glass envelope. Such a glass envelope can, as described in DE 10 2010 052 479 A1, be provided for holding together the light-conducting rods 10 during the production process of the fiber rods and then becomes part of the fiber bundle 11.
    In order to achieve optimum total reflecting properties of the light guide rods 10, for example, the light guide rods 10 in the form of rod-tube systems made of glass, with a cladding glass 10 'as a tube and a core glass 10 " as a rod, with the core glass 10 " is sheathed by the cladding glass 10 '. The core glass 10 " has a refractive index which is greater than the refractive index of the cladding glass 10 '. In this way, transmission of light as a result of reflection at the interfaces of the inner and outer glass in a light guide rod 10 becomes possible.
    In order to obtain a mechanically stable package, it is advantageous if the light guide rods 10 of a fiber rod 11 connected to each other, preferably fused together. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the fiber rods 11 of a fiber rod package 100 connected to each other, preferably fused together. In this way, mechanically homogeneous fiber rods 11 or a mechanically homogeneous fiber rod packages 100. 15/32 -15- PI2887
    The light-conducting rods 10 or fiber rods 11 of the light-conducting rod package 100 run parallel to one another, as can be clearly seen in FIG. This results in a package 100 with a thickness d.
    By interposing the optical element in the form of a light guide rod package 100 between the light sources 2 and the light guide unit 30, the light guide unit 30 can be thermally decoupled from the light sources 2, so that there is no thermal impairment of the light guide unit 30 by the light sources 2.
    Due to the inventive construction of the intermediate element in the form of a Lichtleitstab-Paktes 100, which consists of a plurality of Lichtleitstäben 10, in which propagates the injected light by total reflection, a light source 2 as accurately as possible on the Lichteinkoppelstelle 30b of their associated light guide 30 imaged be so that it is avoided that a light source 2 couples light in other than its associated light guide.
    The smaller the cross section of the individual light guide rods 10, i. E. the more light guide rods 10 provide for the imaging of a light source 2 (i.e., its light exit surface 2a) on the associated Lichteinkoppelstelle 30b of the light guide 30, the more precisely the light exit surface 2a is imaged on the Lichteinkoppelstelle 30b.
    Due to the fact that the light sources 2 or their light exit surfaces 2a as a rule do not directly adjoin one another but have a certain distance from each other, as can be seen in FIG. 2, the light guide rods 10 are reliably provided with a correspondingly small diameter such that a light source 2, not even to a small extent (or only to a non-relevant extent), light in an unassigned light guide 30 couples.
    It should also be noted that the light guides 30, as shown in FIG. 2, usually taper towards the light sources 2, ie. the light input surface 30b of a 16/32 16 PI2887
    Light guide is smaller than its light output surface 30a. The light coupling surfaces 30b and light coupling points 30b of adjacent light guides are therefore spaced from each other.
    Of course, it is also possible to provide light guides which do not taper, although adjacent light coupling points have a certain spacing.
    Each light source 2 now couples light essentially exclusively or actually exclusively into the light guide rod coupling points 10a of light guide rods 10 assigned to the respective light source 2, and the light emerging from the light guide rod coupling points 10b of an associated light source 2 essentially exclusively or actually exclusively in the light input surface 30b of the respective light source 2 associated light guide 30 is coupled.
    As shown roughly schematically in FIG. 2, each light exit surface couples light into light guide rods 10 which lie within a (imaginary) rectangle 200. The light input surfaces 30b are usually larger than the light exit surfaces 2a, exemplary typical values for the light exit surface 2a about 0.7mm x 0.7mm, those for a light input surface 30b about 1mm x 1mm, so usually in the case that light from a light exit surface 2a is coupled into a light guide rod, which is no longer or only partially opposite the light exit surface 2a, the light is coupled into the associated Lichteinkoppelfläche 30b.
    In addition, after the light coupling surfaces 30b have a distance from each other, it can be ensured with sufficiently high number of Lichtleitstäben, ie at high resolution that light from a light source does not get into an unassigned light guide, even if some Lichtleitstäbe light or only partially in the associated Coupling in the light guide. 17/32 -17- PI2887
    Under "a light guide rod associated with a light source". So one understands a light guide rod, the light completely couples into the associated light guide. Furthermore, it may also be understood as meaning light guide rods which do not or only partially couple light into the assigned light guide, but without coupling light into an unassigned light guide ("permissible" light guide rods). The larger the number of light guide rods per unit area, the less "allowable". Light guide rods occur and the more light from the light source reaches the assigned light guide.
    It is further provided that the Lichtleitstab packet 100 is disposed at a light source distance from the light sources 2, wherein the Lichtleitstab packet 100 preferably has the same distance to all associated light sources 2, that is parallel to the plane of the light exit surfaces 2a.
    The light source distance is the normal distance of the light exit surface 2a of the light source 2 to the light incoupling surface of the Lichtleitstab package 100, which Lichteinkoppelfläche the Lichtleitstab packet 100 is formed by the Lichteinkoppelflächen 10a of the Lichtleitstäbe.
    It is particularly advantageous if the light source distance approaches zero or is preferably zero, as shown in FIG. Namely, a light-emitting diode 2 has a spatial radiation behavior, as is roughly sketched schematically in FIG. 4 and is well known. The arrangement of the luminous surface 2a as close as possible to the Lichtleitstäben as shown in Figure 5 can be achieved that light actually only in the assigned or additionally in maximum "permissible". Lichtleitstäbe 10 is coupled.
    It is further provided that the light guide rod package 100 is arranged in a light guide unit distance of preferably zero to the light coupling-in surfaces 30b of the light guide unit 3. 18/32 -18-PI2887
    In the light guide rods 10, light propagates as a result of total reflection, as shown in FIG. It should be noted that for better appreciation of the schematic beam paths in Figure 5, the Lichtleitstäbe 10 are not to scale, with (substantially) larger diameter than actually drawn (A Lichtleitstab 10 of Figure 5 has approximately a diameter as a fiber rod 11 of FIG 2.). The construction of the light-conducting rods made of sheath and core shown in FIG. 3 is also not shown in FIG. 5 for the sake of clarity.
    Light rays that do not meet the total reflection condition, ie impinge on the jacket of the light-conducting rod 10 at an angle smaller than the limit angle for total reflection, emerge from the light-conducting rod 10 into which they have been coupled. In order that these light beams do not couple into an unassigned light guide, it is preferably further provided that the thickness d of the light guide rod package 100, i. the distance between the surface of the light guide rod package 100 facing the light sources 2 and the surface of the light guide rod package 100 facing the light guide unit 3 has or exceeds a defined minimum value, which minimum value is selected such that light originating from a light guide rod assigned to a light source emerges laterally, at most reaches permissible light guide rods. This corresponds to Lichtleitstäben with a diameter of about 100 μιη.
    In this sense, it is also a higher number (greater density) of Lichtleitstäben advantage - the more fiber optic rods must cross a beam of light, in which he enters due to the non-compliance of the total reflection condition, the weaker it becomes. If a light beam is sufficiently attenuated in this way before it enters an unassigned light guide, then it is already so weak that its intensity is negligibly small.
    The thickness d must also be selected such that sufficient thermal decoupling of the light guides from the light sources is realized. The thickness d is thus also 19/32 -19- PI2887 depending on the material used of the Lichtleitstab package or its Wärmeleitkoeffizienten. Typically, the thickness d is in the range of a few millimeters.
    In principle, the light exit surfaces 2 a of a light-emitting diode can take on any shape. However, typical shapes are rectangular or square. For example, in a typically used Osram Compact LED chip type LED chip, the light exit surface (luminous surface) 2a has a square shape (one corner being rounded inward) with side lengths of about 0.7 mm. In a specific arrangement of such LED chips, these are arranged in 3 rows and a plurality of columns, adjacent LED chips in a row are spaced approximately 2 mm apart. The rows themselves are also spaced from each other by 2 mm (top and middle row) and 2.5 mm (middle row and bottom row). The distance is always measured from the center of two adjacent LED chips to each other, wherein the center is the center of the light exit surfaces bounding square. The above-mentioned measures are typical values of a specific application and are used here for exemplary illustration of the dimensions. In the above example, a light exit surface of about 0.49 mm 2 results.
    In a well-functioning embodiment, about 50-100 light guide rods are provided for a light exit surface. This corresponds to Lichtleitstäben with a diameter of about 100 μιη. (Assuming the simplified calculation of Lichtleitstäben with circular cross-section whose surfaces completely idealized cover the light exit surface, we come at 0.49 mm2 light exit surface at a diameter of the Lichtleitstäbe of 100 μιη to about 62 Lichtleitstäbe for this light exit surface.)
    Theoretically, fewer light guide rods are conceivable, and in particular exactly one light guide rod per light exit surface is possible. However, this must then be designed as accurately as possible in terms of the shape of the light exit surface and also be positioned very accurately, which disadvantageously manufacturing and assembly tolerances gain in importance, and the assembly is complex. 20/32 -20- PI2887
    Thus, it is generally advantageous to use a high number of Lichtleitstäben per light source. It is therefore advantageous if each light source 2 is associated with a plurality of Lichtleitstäben 10. If these light guide rods are combined in one (or more light guide rod packages), also the package (or each of the packages) consists of a plurality of light guide rods.
    In particular, it is advantageous if the number of light guide rods per light exit surface / light source > 10 is. For example, 50-100 light guide rods per light exit surface have proven to be expedient.
    Even better, the light exit surface can be imaged onto the associated light guide if the number of light guide rods > 100, preferably > 1000, wherein a number of about 5000 - has 10,000 light guide rods per light-emitting surface proven. (In the above example, for a light guide rod with 10 pm, there are approximately 6,242 light-conducting rods for the light exit surface.)
    The summary of the light guide rods 10 in a Lichtleitstab package 100 and the fiber rods 11 in a single fiber rod package 100 has the advantage that tolerances and inaccuracies in the assembly must not or only to a minor extent be taken into account when assembling the light unit according to the invention, otherwise as would be the case, for example, if only a single totally reflecting light guide body was arranged between each light source and each light coupling point of a light guide.
    This has the advantage that only a single additional optical element between the light sources and the light guide unit must be installed, in which - with a sufficiently high number of Lichtleitstäben - lateral slippage of the optical element in directions normal to a normal to the light exit surfaces of the light sources completely irrelevant, since at sufficiently high resolution (ie sufficiently high number of Lichtleitstäben), the light exit surface is almost 1: 1 imaged on the Lichteinkoppelstelle the associated light guide and only small amounts of light in adjacent 2128-228 PI2887
    Lichtleitstäbe passes, which do not couple light in the associated Lichteinkoppelstelle. This light also passes to a large extent or not at all in unassigned light guides, so that there can be no adverse optical effects.
    Thus, with the invention, as described above, the light guides or the light guide unit can be thermally decoupled from the light sources in an optimum manner. It is therefore advantageous if a poorly thermally conductive material is used for the Lichtleitstäbe and thus for a Lichtleitstab- or fiber rod package in which light can propagate by total reflection. As already mentioned above, glass is good for this purpose, for example. 22/32
    权利要求:
    Claims (26)
    [1]
    1. Lamp unit (1) for a headlamp, in particular a motor vehicle headlamp, wherein the lighting unit (1) comprises a plurality of light sources (2), a light guide unit (3) and a downstream projection lens (4), wherein the light guide unit (3) has a plurality of light guides (30), each light guide (30) each having a light output surface (30a) and one light input surface (30b), and wherein each light source (2) precisely into a light associated therewith light guide (30) via a respective light input surface (30b) coupled, characterized in that between the light sources (2) and the Lichteinkoppelflächen (30b) of the light guides (30) Lichtleitstäbe (10) are arranged, which Lichtleitstäbe (10) to at least one Lichtleitstab package (100 ) are summarized, and wherein each light source (2) light substantially exclusively in the Lichtleitstab coupling points (10 a) of the jew 2) associated light guide rods (10), and wherein the light emerging from the Lichtleitstab coupling points (10b) light of an associated light source (2) substantially exclusively in the Lichteinkoppelfläche (30b) of the respective light source (2) associated light guide ( 30).
    [2]
    2. Light unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a number of Lichtleitstäben (10) to a fiber rod (11) is combined, and that the at least one Lichtleitstab packet (100) consists of a number of such fiber rods, so that each light source (2 ) Couples light into a number of such fiber rods (11).
    [3]
    3. Lighting unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that Lichtleitstäbe (10) are combined to exactly one Lichtleitstab package (100). 23/32 -23- PI2887
    [4]
    4. Lighting unit according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the Lichtleitstäbe (10) have a square or preferably hexagonal cross-section.
    [5]
    5. Lighting unit according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fiber rods (11) have a square or preferably hexagonal cross-section.
    [6]
    6. Lighting unit according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the Lichtleitstäbe (10) of a fiber rod (11) by a sheath (12), preferably a glass envelope are surrounded.
    [7]
    7. Lighting unit according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the Lichtleitstäbe (10) are in the form of rod-tube systems made of glass, with a cladding glass (10 ') as a tube and a core glass (10 ") as Bar, wherein the core glass (10 ") is encased by the cladding glass (10 ').
    [8]
    8. Light unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the core glass (10 ") has a refractive index which is greater than the refractive index of the cladding glass (10 ').
    [9]
    9. Lighting unit according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Lichtleitstäbe (10) of a Lichtleitstab packet (100) connected to each other, preferably fused together.
    [10]
    10. Light unit according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the Lichtleitstäbe (10) of a fiber rod (11) connected to each other, preferably fused together.
    [11]
    11. Lighting unit according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the fiber rods (11) of a fiber rod package (100) connected to each other, preferably fused together. 24/32 -24- PI2887
    [12]
    12. Lighting unit according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the Lichtleitstäbe (10) of a Lichtleitstab packet (100) and / or the fiber rods (11) of a fiber rod package (100) parallel to each other.
    [13]
    13. Lighting unit according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the at least one Lichtleitstab packet (100) in a light source distance to the light sources (2) is arranged, wherein the at least one Lichtleitstab packet (100) preferably to all the associated light sources (2) has the same distance.
    [14]
    14. Lighting unit according to claim 13, characterized in that the light source distance is close to zero or preferably zero.
    [15]
    15. Light unit according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the at least one Lichtleitstab packet (100) in a light guide unit distance to the light input surfaces (30b) of the light guide unit (3) is arranged.
    [16]
    16. Light unit according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the thickness (d) of the at least one Lichtleitstab package (100), i. the distance between the surface of the light guide rod package (100) facing the light sources (2) and the surface of the light guide rod package (100) facing the light guide unit (3) has or exceeds a defined minimum value, which minimum value is selected such that light which emerges laterally from a light guide rod assigned to a light source, at most passes into permissible light guide rods.
    [17]
    17. Light unit according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the at least one Lichtleitstab packet (100) is designed in the form of a plate-shaped element. 25/32 -25-PI2887
    [18]
    18. Lighting unit according to claim 16, characterized in that in the light exit direction behind one another, directly adjacent to one another two or more Lichtleitstab packets are arranged.
    [19]
    19. Lighting unit according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the Lichtleitstäbe are formed as gradient Lichtleitstäbe.
    [20]
    20. Light unit according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that each light source (2) is associated with a plurality of Lichtleitstäben (10).
    [21]
    21 lighting unit according to claim 20, characterized in that the at least one Lichtleitstab package (100) consists of a plurality of Lichtleitstäben (10).
    [22]
    22. Lighting unit according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that each light source > 10 light guide rods are assigned.
    [23]
    23 lighting unit according to claim 22, characterized by 50 - 100 light guide rods per light source.
    [24]
    24. Lighting unit according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that each light source > 100, in particular > 1000, for example 5000 - 10000 light guide rods are assigned.
    [25]
    25. Lighting unit according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the light sources (2) are LED light sources, each LED light source (2) comprises at least one light emitting diode.
    [26]
    26. Lighting unit according to claim 25, characterized in that each LED light source (2) can be controlled separately and switched on or off and / or dimmed, wherein preferably each LED of a LED light source can be controlled separately and / or switched off and / or or dimmable. 27. A vehicle headlamp with at least one lighting unit according to one of claims 1 to 26. 27/32
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN104956145B|2018-03-30|
    US20150362144A1|2015-12-17|
    EP2954255B1|2017-02-22|
    CN104956145A|2015-09-30|
    AT513917B1|2014-11-15|
    US9746150B2|2017-08-29|
    JP6166384B2|2017-07-19|
    JP2016505198A|2016-02-18|
    EP2954255A1|2015-12-16|
    WO2014121310A1|2014-08-14|
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    法律状态:
    2016-11-15| HC| Change of the firm name or firm address|Owner name: ZKW GROUP GMBH, AT Effective date: 20161014 |
    2018-10-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20180205 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50088/2013A|AT513917B1|2013-02-05|2013-02-05|Lighting unit for a headlight and headlights|ATA50088/2013A| AT513917B1|2013-02-05|2013-02-05|Lighting unit for a headlight and headlights|
    JP2015555495A| JP6166384B2|2013-02-05|2013-12-10|Floodlight unit with photoconductive rod for floodlight device|
    CN201380072333.9A| CN104956145B|2013-02-05|2013-12-10|The luminescence unit with optical rod for headlight|
    US14/765,445| US9746150B2|2013-02-05|2013-12-10|Headlight assembly comprising light-conducting rods for a headlight|
    EP13820720.4A| EP2954255B1|2013-02-05|2013-12-10|Headlight assembly comprising light-conducting rods for a headlight|
    PCT/AT2013/050242| WO2014121310A1|2013-02-05|2013-12-10|Headlight assembly comprising light-conducting rods for a headlight|
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