• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A process is described for producing ice balls, wherein first water is frozen from bottom to top to an ice block and then the block of ice is diced into cubes before the cubes in a heated mold with hemispherical mold spaces (4) of a lower and an upper mold ( 1, 2) during the closing of the lower and upper molds (1, 2) are melted into a ball. In order to obtain crack-free ice balls, it is proposed that the bottom and top molds (1, 2) are uniformly heated during closing and that the melted ice ball is removed from the mold immediately after closing the bottom and top molds (1, 2) and freed from the remaining meltwater film
    公开号:AT512684A1
    申请号:T50113/2012
    申请日:2012-03-30
    公开日:2013-10-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Ibs Inst Fuer Brandschutztechnik Und Sicherheitsforschung Ges M B H；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    iPrinted: 02-04-2012 ΐ; 1 [10 2012/50113 1
    (38568) II
    The invention relates to a method for producing ice balls, wherein first water is frozen from bottom to top to an ice block and then the block of ice is diced into cubes before the cubes in a heated mold with hemispherical mold cavities of a lower and an upper mold during the Closing the lower and upper molds to be melted into a ball.
    In order to check the resistance of building materials, such as roof tiles, to hailstorm, these building materials are bombarded under specified conditions with ice balls, where it is critical to ensure comparable test results that the ice balls themselves meet certain requirements. Apart from the accuracy of the spherical shape, it is crucial that the strength of the ice balls is not affected by air pores or cracks. The production of crack and pore-free ice balls with sufficient for the shooting manufacturing tolerance is difficult.
    For the production of decorative moldings made of ice, it is known to first freeze water to a block of ice, and then to melt the block of ice between a lower and an upper mold, which form complementary molds to the negative mold of the molding. For this purpose, the lower and upper molds are heated accordingly and closed with the ice block being interposed, during which process the mold blocks projecting above the mold spaces are melted off so that with the closing of the mold of the molten to the molding ice block just fills the mold spaces of the upper and lower mold. Attempts to produce ice balls for the bombardment of building materials with such a method, however, failed, because neither a sufficient freedom from cracks nor the required dimensional accuracy could be achieved.
    The invention thus has the object of specifying a method for producing ice balls, with the help of which pore and crack-free ice balls of a predetermined size can be ensured with sufficient for the subsequent shooting manufacturing tolerance.
    Starting from a method of the type described, the invention solves the problem by the fact that the bottom and top mold are heated uniformly during closing and that the melted ice ball removed from the mold immediately after closing the bottom and top mold and the rest Meltwater film is freed.
    The invention is based on the finding that only crack-free ice balls can be melted if starting from pore-free ice cubes, a largely uniform heat input into the ice cubes on the lower and upper molds can be achieved. This is achieved when the mold not only warmed up to a predetermined starting temperature as usual, but also heated uniformly during the melting process and therefore the temperature differences that would otherwise occur due to the melting regions changing during the closing of the lower and upper molds are compensated. In addition, remelting in the closed mold has to be prevented in order to ensure perfect accuracy and dimensional accuracy of the melted ice balls. The molten ice balls must therefore be removed from the mold immediately after closing the mold. Since the ice balls melted in this way are coated with a meltwater film, there is the danger that this meltwater film will flow through the ice ball corresponding to the force of gravity for a long time before freezing and consequently leads to dimensional and dimensional errors. This risk is prevented by the ice ball is freed after removal from the mold from the remaining melt water film, for example by drying with a moisture-wicking cloth.
    Sawing an ice block into cubes causes a heat input in the area of the cut surfaces, which leads to an uneven temperature distribution over the cross section of the cubes. In order to provide sufficient temperature compensation for the subsequent crack-free melting of the ice balls, the cubes can be cooled after sawing to compensate for temperature differences during a predetermined period of time.
    In order to avoid cracks in near-surface layers of an ice body, high temperature differences between the surface of the ice body and its surroundings should be avoided. For this reason, it is also advisable to build the cubes on the surface in a thermally insulated environment at room temperature before the molten metal is melted. The heat-insulated environment is important to allow the Antauvorgang only gradually.
    When closing the mold can occur in the region of the interface between the lower and the upper mold a circumferential ridge on the ice ball. To avoid such a burr, the melted ice ball can be rotated before it is removed from the lower mold in the lower mold, so that the possible burr is separated or melted off.
    To carry out the method can be assumed that a device with a mold from a lower and an upper mold, each forming a hemispherical mold space. If the lower mold and the upper mold are provided with flow channels which can be acted upon by a respective heat transfer medium, preferably water, a uniform heating of the mold during the closing process can be ensured in a simple manner, which depends only on the progress of melting of the 02 ^ 201 $
    [102012 ^ 50113 4
    Ice cube can be made. In order to ensure the dimensional and dimensional stability of the melted ice ball, the mold also has a signal generator responding to the closing of the upper and lower molds. Thus, the design conditions are created to be able to remove the ice ball immediately after closing the mold.
    If ice balls of different diameters are to be produced, the upper and lower molds may comprise exchangeable inserts for the hemispherical mold spaces. If necessary, the inserts with the hemispherical mold spaces can be changed accordingly.
    The uniform outflow of melt water during molten melting of the ice ball supports the dimensional and dimensionally stable production of ice balls. For this purpose, the lower mold in the division surface to the upper mold radial, emanating from the hemispherical mold cavity gutters for meltwater.
    Reference to the drawing, the inventive method is explained in detail. Show it
    1 shows a device according to the invention for producing ice balls in a schematic axial section, and FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II-II of FIG. 1.
    The mold shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 for melting an ice ball has a lower mold 1 and an upper mold 2, which is guided coaxially with respect to the lower mold 1 via guides 3. The lower and upper molds 1, 2 are each provided with a hemispherical mold space 4, with the two mold cavities 4 complementing each other in the closed state of the molding tool to form a spherical space. 1, the hemispherical mold spaces 4 are formed by inserts 5, which are held interchangeably in the lower and upper molds 1, 2, so that 5 ice balls of different sizes can be melted by replacing the inserts. 5
    The lower and upper molds 1, 2 are each provided with flow channels 6, which can be acted upon via a baffle 7 with a heat transfer medium, preferably water. The return is designated 8. The lower and upper molds 1, 2 can thus be uniformly heated, the flow temperature of the heat carrier being selected as a function of the diameter of the ice ball to be melted and, for example, for an ice ball having a diameter of 5 cm being about 60 ° C. For larger ice balls, the heat input can be increased. Smaller ice balls require at most a lower heat input.
    In order to melt a pore and crack-free ice ball, is initially correspondingly clean water z. B. at -10 Ό frozen in an open-topped pan to an ice block, the freezing process is carried out from bottom to top under a recirculation flow of water to prevent air pores. The ice block obtained is cut into cubes with the aid of a saw whose edge length is greater than the ice ball to be produced. To compensate for the unavoidable temperature differences caused by sawing the cubes, the cubes are stored at -15Ό for a period of at least twelve hours in a refrigeration system, for example, before the cubes are processed further. The risk of surface cracks in the cubes taken from the refrigerator due to the difference between the cubature temperature and the room temperature can be counteracted by gradually thawing the cubes on their surface at room temperature in a thermally insulated environment.
    Once the moisture film condensed and frozen by the humidity on removal of the cubes from the chiller on the cube surface is thawed, as indicated by a clearing of the tarnished surface of the cubes, the cubes can be placed in the preheated mold between the lower and upper molds 1 2, wherein the ice cube is first melted in the region of the dividing surfaces between the lower and the upper mold 1.2 and in the course of progressive melting increasingly penetrates into the mold spaces 4 of the lower and the upper mold 1.2, while the Lower the upper mold 2 correspondingly to the lower mold 1 along the guides 3, until the mold 1 0 2012/50113 02-04-2012 & EÖ14.1 6
    Tool is closed and the upper mold 2 comes to rest on the lower mold 1. In Fig. 1 the outline of an ice cube is indicated by dash-dotted lines and provided with the reference numeral 9. The closing of the mold is indicated by a signal generator 10, for example an electrical contact, in order to be able to remove the melted ice ball immediately after the mold has been closed, thereby preventing subsequent melting. For the effluent during the Schiießvorgangs the mold melt water in the division surface of the lower mold 1 radial, emanating from the hemispherical mold cavity 4 gutters 11 are provided, which provide in particular for a uniform melt water discharge immediately before the closing of the mold.
    After removing the upper mold 2 from the lower mold 1, the melted ice ball in the lower mold 1 can be turned by hand to avoid any circumferential ridge. The extracted from the lower mold 1 ice ball is then dried using a liquid-suction cloth to prevent freezing of the along the ball surface abrinnenden, residual melt water film and thus deterioration of the dimensional and dimensional stability of the ice ball.
    The dimensionally stable ice balls produced in the described manner without cracks and pores can then be stored on a three-point support until their further use, for example at -20 ° C.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    024) 4-2012 Μ [ι 0 "^ ötisysQi 13 Patent Attorneys Dipl.-Ing. Helmut Hübscher Dipl.-Ing. Karl Winfried Hellmich Spittelwiese 7, A 4020 Linz (38568) II Claims: 1. A method for producing ice balls, wherein first water is frozen from bottom to top to an ice block and then sawed the block of ice into cubes before the cubes in a heated mold are melted with hemispherical mold spaces (4) of a lower and an upper mold (1,2) during the closing of the lower and upper molds (1,2) into a sphere, characterized in that the lower and the upper mold (1,2 ) are heated uniformly during closing and that the molten ice ball is removed from the mold immediately after closing the lower mold and the upper mold (1,2) and freed from the remaining melt water film.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cubes are cooled after sawing to compensate for temperature differences during a predetermined period of time.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the cubes are thawed before the molten metal on the surface in a thermally insulated environment at room temperature.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the molten ice balls are rotated before their removal from the lower mold (1) in the lower mold (1).
    [5]
    5. An apparatus for performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 4 with a mold of a lower and an upper mold (1,2), each forming a hemispherical mold space (4), characterized in that the lower and the upper mold (1,2) enclosing the respective shape space (4), with a

    1 2 (lÖi2Ö1 ^ 50ίΪ3 heat transfer medium, preferably water, act upon flow channels (6) and that the mold has a on the closing of the lower and the upper mold (1,2) responsive signal generator (10).
    [6]
    6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower and the upper mold (1,2) interchangeable inserts (5) for the hemispherical mold spaces (4).
    [7]
    7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the lower mold (1) in the division surface to the upper mold (2) radial, from the hemispherical mold space (4) outgoing gutters (11) for melt water. Linz, March 30, 2012 IBS - Institute for Fire Protection Technology and Security Research Society m.b.H. by: / Dl Helmut Hübscher / (electronically signed)
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2645021B1|2016-08-24|
    EP2645021A3|2015-03-11|
    AT512684B1|2014-03-15|
    EP2645021A2|2013-10-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20120007264A1|2001-10-17|2012-01-12|Taisin Seisakujyo Co., Ltd.|Ice cake making apparatus and method|
    JP2004060899A|2002-07-24|2004-02-26|Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd|Transparent ice making device and transparent ice making method|
    JPH01310277A|1988-06-08|1989-12-14|Kensho Kawaguchi|Ice block formed into spherical shape by pressing and heat melting and manufacture thereof|
    DE3914655A1|1989-05-03|1990-12-13|Josef Hobelsberger|Ice figure mfg. appts.|
    GB2447902B|2007-03-26|2009-04-29|Wu-Chang Yang|Ice-carving machine|FR3054649B1|2016-07-29|2018-08-10|Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives|METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ICE PROJECTILE|
    CN110579052A|2019-09-16|2019-12-17|安徽一诺青春工业设计有限公司|Ice block processing equipment|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50113/2012A|AT512684B1|2012-03-30|2012-03-30|Method for producing ice balls|ATA50113/2012A| AT512684B1|2012-03-30|2012-03-30|Method for producing ice balls|
    EP13161100.6A| EP2645021B1|2012-03-30|2013-03-26|Method for producing ice balls|
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