• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) for the autothermal generation of energetically usable gases (14) from biomass (1), in particular wood, wood chips, bark, sewage sludge, wood chips, pellets, impregnated or treated wood, compost waste, gasified industrial waste, wood - or cellulose-like chemical compounds, stalks or the like, in a fixed bed reactor (3) at temperatures between 150 - 900 ° C, with connected gas cleaning device, for sufficient purification of gas (14) for its use in gas piston engines, gas turbines and other gas-powered equipment.
    公开号:AT512361A2
    申请号:T50571/2012
    申请日:2012-12-11
    公开日:2013-07-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Wagner；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    ^ rinted: 12-12-2012 E014.1 10 2012/50571 W 17184
    Thermochemical wood gasification plant with fixed bed reactor with double ascending countercurrent gasification, gas purification, gas supply, pollutant utilization and pollutant disposal for continuous operation with gas piston engines and gas turbines
    description
    The present invention relates to the thermochemical wood gasification plant according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
    The increasing scarcity of fossil energy sources (mainly oil and coal) and the related price increases for these fuels make it desirable to develop alternative ways to generate heat and power. Therefore, solutions are being sought worldwide to reduce the consumption of fossil energy sources in order to be able to use regenerative energies as far as possible. This is desirable in particular with regard to climate protection and in particular to CO 2 emissions. The increased demand for energy, especially in the heavily industrialized regions, can not yet be made available by exploiting solar, wind and hydro power alone. It is therefore also the use of other, environmentally friendly energy sources, especially those of renewable raw materials as an energy source for electricity and heat energy production necessary. 15 Although wood has been used by man for a long time to produce energy, this raw material continues to be an attractive source of energy, which can be used, for example. accumulates in forests or can be provided in short rotation plantations in large quantities. The present invention is therefore described using the example of wood as a renewable raw material, with other renewable resources such as stalk biomass (eg grain-20 or corn straw and other residues of agricultural crops), giant miscanthus (Miscanthus), organic industrial and household waste, vegetable oils , Starch, animal excrement (manure, solid manure) and others are also possible. The production of energy from biomass, in particular from animal excrements by anaerobic fermentation and yeast fermentation is not the subject of the invention. 11/25 11-12-2012
    Printed: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -2- 10 2012/50571
    The energetic use of wood by incineration to generate electricity and heat energy also provides current power of up to about 40% in modern heating and heating steam power plants.
    The combustion of wood and other combustible biomass with an open flame runs in 5-mer in several steps, in a first step, the wood by the heat of the surrounding fire wood (gasified) is. Only in a following step, the resulting carbonization gases are completely burned. It should be noted that the first step (ie the pollination (gasification)) takes place under oxygen deficiency (incomplete combustion) and the second (combustion) step takes place under excess oxygen (complete combustion).
    When burning in a conventional furnace or the like, the combustion gases expand greatly. The associated energy is released unused into the environment through such open systems. In closed systems, e.g. in a combustion chamber of a gas engine, this energy can be used to obtain proof energy and this, e.g. be converted into electrical energy.
    It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a thermochemical wood gasification plant for the autothermal generation of energetically usable gases from biomass, which allows the gasification of the biomass in a fixed bed reactor and this decoupled spatially and temporally from the subsequent combustion of the carbonization gases, the combustion 20 as possible taking advantage of Volume change of the gas should be made to achieve higher total energy yields.
    In order to be able to use the waste heat efficiently, it would be useful to provide many smaller combined heat and power plants, which solve this problem, since thereby a heat extraction, for. for heating or hot water production in one or more residential units. Such a decentralized distribution of smaller combined heat and power plants could significantly reduce the amount of fossil fuels needed to provide electricity, heat and hot water in the surrounding dwellings, which is a particularly positive contribution to environmental protection and, in particular, CO 2 emission would. The above object is achieved by a thermochemical wood gasification plant having the features of patent claim 1. 2/25 11-12-2012 f rgted: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -3-: 10 2012/50571
    A thermochemical wood gasification plant according to the invention for the autothermal generation of energetically usable gases from biomass, in particular wood, wood chips, bark, sewage sludge, wood chips, pellets, impregnated or treated wood, compost waste, gasified industrial waste, wood or cellulose-like chemical compound fertilize, stalk or the like , in a fixed bed reactor at temperatures between 150 - 900 ° C, with connected gas cleaning device, for sufficient purification of gas for its use in gas piston engines, gas turbines and other gas-powered equipment, characterized in that the gas purification device arranged over a in the upper part of the fixed bed reactor Gas line is connected to this and io comprises at least three different cleaning elements, which are selected from a group, the cyclone, condenser, catalyst, distillation, electrolyzer, electrodialysis separator, Absorbent scrubber, drift eliminators and others, and wherein the thermochemical wood gasification plant comprises a Verschwelungs and / or evaporation space in which separated from the energetically usable gas ab-15 impurities, especially higher molecular fractions of total separated impurities such as wood tar, long-chain hydrocarbons and others, thermally can be worked up, wherein the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation chamber has chambers which are heatable both by heat dissipated from the fixed bed reactor and additionally by other energy sources to bleach and / or evaporate the separated from the energetically usable 20 gas impurities, and wherein the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space is connected via a thermally insulated gas line to the fixed bed reactor, via which the fouled and / or vaporized from the energetically usable gas separated impurities the reactor interior to the far ren energetic use are fed. Such a thermochemical wood gasification plant makes it possible to realize the advantages of increasing countercurrent gasification in the fixed bed reactor despite the high pollutant content associated with the prior art in the unpurified raw gas produced, in particular in combination with a gas turbine for utilizing the generated gas (synthesis gas) e.g. to use for power generation. The ascending countercurrent gasification in the fixed bed reactor enables, e.g. a higher gas yield and the use of wet or moist Vergasungsgut up to 60% rel. Moisture content based on the dry weight. In addition to particulate gasification also small-grained gasification material, such as. Sawdust and sawdust, bark pieces, stalks and others usable as biomass raw material. Framed: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -4- 10 2012/50571
    The known from the prior art high pollutant levels in the raw gas at the rising countercurrent gasification can be avoided by the inventive thermochemical wood gasification plant. In particular, by gas cleaning device comprising at least three different cleaning elements, it is possible to provide the product gas in a purity which makes it suitable for the operation of gas turbines and gas piston engines. The impurities are mainly high molecular weight hydrocarbons such as wood tars, phenols, cresols and other substances in small quantities, as well as water. In addition, small amounts of dust (or ash) may be present in the raw gas. Crude gas can not be used without elaborate cleaning and treatment in gas-piston engines. According to the invention, it is provided that the high molecular weight hydrocarbons separated from the raw gas are at least partially carbonized or vaporized for further energetic use.
    The Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space (aftertreatment device) in which in particular the higher molecular weight fractions of the entire separated Verunreini-15 conditions such as wood tar, long-chain hydrocarbons and others, verschwelt and / or evaporated, is thermally shielded from the environment by an insulating layer. Due to the heat dissipated from the fixed bed reactor, the plating and / or evaporation space is preferably already heated to a temperature which is preferably above the boiling point of the low molecular weight contaminants. On the basis of the temperature above the Glutzone in the reactor of up to 400 Ό this is possible only by a heat exchanger. The heat transport from the reactor is preferably carried out by a heat exchange medium which circulates through pipelines between the reactor and the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space. The connection of at least one pipe with the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space is funnel-shaped widened to facilitate the inflow of the heat exchange medium. Before or in the funnel-shaped tube expansion, a device for conveying the heat exchange medium is preferably provided. For gaseous media, this may be, for example, a fan impeller. The conveying device is preferably driven by a motor arranged outside the polluting and / or evaporation space. The flow velocity of the heat exchange medium is preferably controllable and adjusted so that the heat removal from the reactor does not significantly adversely affect the gasification process taking place therein. Preferably, the heat removal from the reactor is therefore above the Glutzone. 4/25 11-12-2012 fcrinted: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -5- 10 2012/50571
    In the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation chamber preferably two chambers are arranged, which preferably have a thermally conductive outer wall. Thus, they stand in thermal Geleichgewicht with the interior of the heated by the heat removal from the reactor Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space. The 5 chambers preferably have a metallic outer wall. One of these chambers, the evaporation chamber, is designed to allow low molecular weight contaminants, separated from the product gas stream (e.g., by / after dialysis and electrolysis), to be thermally post-treated there. Low molecular weight compounds are preferably not chemically reacted, but only vaporized in order to be fed to the reactor in gaseous form.
    The separated from the product gas high molecular weight impurities, which are preferably already concentrated, consist essentially of wood tars, phenols, cresols and other compounds. For further thermal treatment of these substances, a further similar chamber is provided within the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation chamber 15, in which these substances can be introduced. In this chamber, the Verschwelungskammer, the temperature can be further increased at least locally by means of an additional heater. The additional heating makes it possible to heat the substances to such high temperatures that a chemical reaction takes place. Thereby, the separated high molecular weight impurities such as e.g. the wooden tares are blacked out or cracked 20 - preferably catalytically -. For heating offers, inter alia, a one-time electrical support heating, which is preferably operated with highly de-energized electricity.
    The Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space therefore preferably has at least one electrically heatable element, which is preferably brought into direct contact with the contaminants separated from the energetically usable gas in order to fumigate and / or vaporize them. The electric heater is preferred because it allows a particularly rapid heating of the heatable element. In addition, the temperature is compared by e.g. to a gas flame, very precisely controlled. The Verschwelten and / or cracked compounds can then - preferably gaseous - fed to the Re-30 actuator for further thermal utilization. The supply of the pollination and / or evaporation products to the reactor preferably takes place from below or parallel to the flow direction of the further supplied gases. As they pass through the hot glow zone in the reactor, they are chemically cracked and reduced to valuable gases
    Printed: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -6- 10 2012/50571 thus enriches and enriches the wood gas and increases its quality and calorific value due to this double rising countercurrent gasification. Preferably, the energy gain that can be achieved thereby is greater than the thermal energy dissipated from the reactor for vaporizing or fuming. 5 It is advisable that the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space is carried out in duplicate, in order to maintain a continuous operation of the reactor even with a possibly necessary cleaning a Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space.
    Should it, e.g. in the gasification of particularly humid or otherwise unfavorable gasification material, occurrence that the heat supply from the reactor in the Verschwelungs-10 and / or evaporation space is not sufficient, and the entire Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space can be heated by a (further) additional support heating become.
    By the thermochemical wood gasification plant with the facilities for gas cleaning a largely trouble-free, low-maintenance and economical continuous operation of a wood gas (or synthesis gas) operated gas piston engine is possible. The return of separated contaminants can reduce the costs of pollutant disposal.
    In order to be able to heat the substances to be smelted or vaporized as energy-efficiently as possible, in a preferred embodiment of the thermochemical wood gasification plant, the fixed-bed reactor is integrated in an upper region, preferably in region 20 of an upper wall section, particularly preferably in an upper wall section, opposite a gasification chamber of Fixed bed reactor gas-tight closed space through which a heat transfer medium is feasible, by means of which energy from the fixed bed reactor the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space can be fed. This makes it possible already in the reactor to cool the unpurified product gas 25 and thus cause the condensation or precipitation of impurities. These substances thus remain in the fixed bed reactor and can be re-fed to the gasification process together with newly introduced fuel or newly introduced biomass. This simplifies the subsequent separation of these materials and reduces the amount of impurities due to energy expenditure. : 6/25: 11-12-2012
    Prirrted: 12-12-2012 E014.1 - 7 - 10 2012/50571
    In addition, the gas is cooled by the heat exchanger disposed near the outlet port for the product gas, so that it is easier to handle in the following processes.
    Preferably, there is the space through which the heat transport medium is feasible in 5 reactor above the upper limit of the gasification. In this area, a free space is provided, in which can settle in the flow of the gas mixture formed in the reactor with entrained particles or liquids. These fall on the biomass bed and are also used thermally in the further process. Preferably, the raw gas outlet pipe connected to this region has a particularly large cross section, so that turbulences are reduced when the product gas flows out.
    For the deposition of further impurities, a hot cyclone may be provided, by means of which dust particles can be separated from the gas stream. This hot gas cyclone is preferably switched off, can also be bypassed by the gas stream, if the proportion of dust particles is so low that a separation is not economical. 15 The heat energy removed from the reactor by means of the heat exchanger can be used. Of course, there is the possibility of energetic use e.g. for heating e.g. from neighboring residential facilities, to produce hot water or other. However, it is also provided that at least at times at least part of the energy discharged from the reactor is supplied to a pollination and / or evaporation space. In this / this is / are from the product gas deposited impurities thermally processed and converted into substances which can be fed to the reactor again. Smoldering should also be understood as the cracking of high molecular weight substances. This can be done catalyst-supported (in addition to the thermal activation). For example, it is provided that tars or other high molecular weight compounds, preferably high molecular weight hydrocarbons, are split into smaller hydrocarbons, which can be fed to the reactor for renewed thermal utilization. In particular, tars, fats and waxes are understood as high molecular weight hydrocarbons. In particular, these are (linear or branched) hydrocarbons having 10 or more carbon atoms per molecule. But also the thermal work-up of short-chain hydrocarbons in Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space may be necessary. For example, pelargonic acid (octanecarboxylic acid, a total of 9 carbon atoms per molecule) is only gaseous at temperatures above 250.degree. C., starting at temperatures of more than 12/12/2012 E014.1 -δ- ΐο 2012/50571 so that it either has to be heated at least to this temperature or has to be converted into shorter-chain hydrocarbons in the pollination and / or evaporation space before it (or its derivatives) can be fed to the reactor in gaseous form. In a further preferred embodiment of the thermochemical wood gasification plant, the wood gasification plant has at least one condenser and an electrolyzer for electrolytic cleavage of low molecular weight compounds condensed from the energetically usable gas, and additionally preferably an electrodialysis separator, by means of which a condensate separated from the energetically usable gas -io sat before its supply to the electrolyzer in electrically conductive and non-electrically conductive components is separable. The electrolysis-capable liquids penetrate the membrane walls of the electrodialysis separator and are transported away by a solvent stream, which now precursors the electrolyte on the membrane outer wall. In order to increase the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte, it may be advantageous to add suitable additives such as e.g. Salt or other chemicals to mix. It may also be advantageous to adjust the electrolyte to an advantageous temperature, e.g. to warm up.
    By this embodiment, it is possible to treat the separated by means of the capacitor from the gas stream condensate and also to split this by an electrolysis in ther-20 mixable gases. This has various advantages, since on the one hand a further gaseous energy carrier is provided, which can preferably be mixed with the purified product gas and stored together with it. In particular, when auskondensierten from the raw water, the electrolysis offers itself, since the resulting hydrogen, which is also contained in the product gas anyway, this admixed who-25 can and so the calorific value of the product gas can be further increased. Oxygen, which is also obtained in the electrolysis of the condensed water, can also be recycled as recyclable material and used for example to set an optimal oxygen content of the gas, which is fed to the combustion or gasification of the biomass in the reactor. By increasing the amount of oxygen in the combustion air, the amount of fresh air containing nearly 80% of nitrogen (N 2) (compared to only about 20% of O 2) can be reduced, which does not react in the reactor could contribute to the quality of the product gas. By increasing the oxygen content in the gas supplied to the reactor, the nitrogen content in both the reactor and the product gas can be increased be reduced and thus the product gas (eg wood gas) to be improved.
    In the event of a breakdown in the electrolysis, the condensate can be stored in suitable collection containers. However, since it has already undergone several purification steps and consists mainly of water, acetic and formic acid, it could e.g. be neutralized via a bed of limestone and the public sewer are fed. For cleaning the electrolysis plant acetone is preferably provided.
    The remaining in the electrolysis residues are enriched in the separated from the raw gas, not electrolyzed impurities. Accordingly, the water io or solvent content is reduced. The thermal utilization after Verschwelen or evaporation of high molecular weight hydrocarbons is thus cheaper because less solvent is carried, which must also be evaporated with energy. Ideally, the amount of the solvent to be evaporated, preferably water, can be used to adjust the moisture content in the reactor, so that the fraction 15 of the hydrogen (H 2) contained in the crude gas can also be converted via the water gas shift reaction (CO + H 2 O 2 CO 2 + H2) is flowable. Preferably, a drain is provided at the base of the reactor to remove water, e.g. could condense at disturbances in the reactor to be able to discharge from the reactor.
    The fixed bed reactor is preferably filled from above with the biomass or the gasification mate 20 rial. The filling is also controlled automatically. A preferred possibility of filling by means of two storage containers, which are arranged as a double lock above the other. Each of these two containers is individually shut off at the top and bottom with a flap. The size of each container is sized to accommodate at least one of the amount of biomass intended for the feed. The lower container 25 ter of this double lock has two preferably opposite, preferably closable, openings with attached pipes. One of the pipes leads into the reactor from above. By means of the second tube, it is possible to extract the air still contained in the biomass in the lower lock from it. For pressure equalization can - if the closable opening is open - flow via the first tube of gas from the reactor. The extracted air is secured against backflow by an automatically closing valve. Since the extracted gas, preferably air has been warmed up by the proximity to the reactor, it may be advantageous after the suction of the combustion or Verga- 9/25 11-12-2012
    Nnted: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -ΙΟ Ι 02012/50571 admixing air. Through this lock it is possible to keep the gas composition present in the reactor constant even during filling with biomass during the ongoing process.
    As mentioned above, it may be advantageous to pre-heat the gas which can be fed to the fixed bed reactor. Therefore, the wood gasification plant preferably has a heat exchanger, by means of which a gas which can be supplied to the fixed bed reactor can be heated by utilizing energy produced during the gasification. The energy for heating the gas which can be fed to the fixed bed reactor can be withdrawn, for example, from the (preferably crude) product gas. It is also conceivable that parts of the heat transport medium for Er-io heating of the fixed bed reactor feedable gas is used by means of which heat energy from the fixed bed reactor to the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space can be fed.
    The heat exchanger is particularly suitable for heating the gas which can be supplied to the fixed bed reactor using the heat of the gas which can be used from the fixed bed reactor, wherein the energy which can be used for the gas can be cooled below the condensation point of water. It can thereby be achieved that the water contained in the product gas and possibly also other impurities condense out. In this case, by the formation of droplets, other, e.g. Solid impurities such as ash or (fine) dust are separated from the product gas. The heat exchanger thus preferably serves simultaneously as a condenser of the gas purification device.
    The temperature of the raw gas leaving the reactor may be e.g. reach up to 400¾ or more with dry gasified material. By means of the heat exchanger, the incoming air flowing through the reactor for the reactor preferably to > 100¾. preferred > 200¾. preferred > 250¾. particularly preferred > Be heated to 300¾. The higher the temperature of the reactor's feed air, the more efficient the gasification of the biomass in the reactor. Accordingly, a higher calorific value of the product gas can be achieved.
    Preferably, a further device is provided downstream of the above-described heat exchanger for further cooling of the product gas. For its cooling, for example, already held in collecting devices held condensate from previous gas cleaning processes 30, so-called "black water" can be used. By means of this capacitor, the product gas can be separated from further impurities. The 10/25 11-12-2012
    Printed: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -Π ΙΟ 2012/50571
    Impurities consist mainly of water and other low molecular weight compounds such as, but not limited to, acetic and formic acids, but may also contain portions of high molecular weight compounds such as e.g. Wood tar, phenols, cresols, phenol ethers, guaiacol and other comparatively minor amounts. 5 As already mentioned, the reactor filling is preferably controlled fully automatically. As a parameter for the initiation of a filling process, for example, the height of the material bed in the reactor can be used. Preferably, the filling level in the reactor is determined by means of several sensors in order to obtain more reliable values and to avoid critical conditions. The thermochemical wood gasification plant therefore preferably has a device for monitoring and controlling the gasification process and / or for controlling the fresh air supply, which allows gasification in continuous operation. This preferably not only monitors the level of biomass in the reactor, but also other parameters such as e.g. the composition and / or temperature of individual gas streams, water content in the reactor, water content of individual gas streams, filling levels of the gas storage tanks and others.
    Furthermore, it is preferred that the wood gasification plant has a distillation or rectification device, by means of which a condensate separated from the energetically usable gas is separable into high-boiling and low-boiling compounds, in particular into relatively high molecular weight and low molecular weight compounds, this distillation apparatus preferably allowing fractional distillation , By such a distillation device it is possible, e.g. Water, acetic and formic acid (boiling points water 100 °, formic acid 101 ° C, acetic acid 118 ^ 0) to separate from the condensate and increase the concentration of higher molecular weight compounds (for example cresol boiling point 19rC, phenol 182 ^, wood tartar still higher) in the distillation bottoms. The content, for example, of acetic acid may be e.g. vary depending on the gasification material used. The proportion is usually less than about 13%, preferably less than 10% based on the total amount of auskondensierbaren from the product gas liquids. If an electrolyzer is provided for the electrolysis and / or purification of the condensate, it is advantageous to arrange the distillation device downstream with respect to the electrolyzer, since in this way the liquid remaining in the electrolysis can be further divided for further use of individual constituents. The distillation bottoms are preferably supplied to the pollination and / or evaporation space for charring or evaporation. 11/25 11-12-2012 -12-
    For further purification of the product gas, it is preferably purified by gas wet scrubbing {e.g. in an absorption scrubber, preferably with mist eliminator) further purified. As an absorbent condensate from the gas purification (black water) offers, since this has a greater affinity to the impurities than pure water. However, other absorbents, e.g. pure water or water with absorption enhancing additives. Furthermore, non-polar substances such as e.g. Diesel fuel, light fuel oil or vegetable oil methyl ester (PME), e.g. Rapeseed methyl ester (RHE), as an absorbent, possibly, be used in a further additional absorption device. For continuous operation, a supply of condensate (black water) is stored in suitable containers (e.g., collection and settling tanks).
    The thermochemical wood gasification plant preferably has a device for compressing the energetically usable gases. Further preferably, it additionally has at least one reservoir, more preferably at least one inflatable plastic sheath, for non-compressed gases, by means of which energetically usable gases can be stored prior to their compression. This makes it possible to run the thermochemical wood gasification plant in continuous operation and still be able to adapt the power of the gas gases used by the product gas or gas piston engines to the respective power requirements.
    Such a wood gasification plant with double ascending gasification in the fixed bed reactor allows the gasification of a variety of gasification materials of various common piece sizes and also fine-grained materials, such as. Saw and shavings up to a mass fraction of approx. 50% as well as bark material, wood chips, wood pellets and the like. Due to the intensive treatment of the product gas, it is also possible to use other biomass such as e.g. Waste materials, dried sewage sludge or even various industrial waste, which have a similar chemical composition of hydrocarbons, can be thermally recycled by this plant. Another advantage is that even moist gasification up to 40 - 50% rel. Moisture can be gassed, whereas in systems of the prior art only wood with a rel. Moisture of about 20% can be gasified.
    Another essential aspect of the invention is a thermochemical wood gasification process for the autothermal generation of energetically usable gases from biomass,
    Printed: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -13- Ϊ10 2012/50571 in particular wood, wood shavings, bark, sewage sludge, wood chips, pellets, impregnated or treated wood, compost waste, gasified industrial waste, wood- or cellulose-like chemical compounds, stalks or the like wherein the biomass is gasified in a fixed bed reactor at temperatures between 150-900 ° C and the gas then held is then supplied to a connected gas purifier for sufficient purification of the gas for use in gas piston engines, gas turbines and other gas powered equipment, wherein the gas is supplied via a arranged in the upper portion of the fixed bed reactor gas line of the gas cleaning device and is subsequently treated in the gas cleaning device with at least three different cleaning elements, wherein these are selected from a group, the cyclone Abscheäder, condenser, catalyst, distillation device, Electrolyzer, electro-dialysis separator, absorption scrubber, droplet and other covers, and separated from the energetically usable gas impurities, especially higher molecular weight fractions of the total separated impurities such as wood tar, long-chain hydrocarbons and others, a Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space with chambers which are heated both by heat dissipated from the fixed bed reactor and additionally heatable by other sources of energy, in which they are thermally verschwelt and / or vaporized and the fouled and / or vaporized from the energetically usable gas separated impurities via a thermal isolated 20 gas line the fixed bed reactor for further energetic use to be supplied.
    This process makes it possible, in particular through the thorough, multi-stage purification of the raw gas, that the purified product gas can be used for long-term and low-maintenance energy use in gas turbines and gas piston engines.
    The reactor preferably has a large diameter-to-height ratio. As a result, the passage of gas through the individual reactions, which is as slow as possible, can be made possible. Due to the associated long residence time of the gas better gasification can be achieved and the content of tar and other impurities in the (raw) product gas can be reduced.
    In the area of the base of the reactor, an ash container 30 accessible from the outside is preferably provided. In this ash accumulates, which can be discharged through the access from the reactor. Above the ash box, a grate, preferably a rotary grate is provided, which carries the biomass bed. f ^ rinted: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -14- 10 2012/50571
    The reactor is preferably sealed against the ambient air gas-tight. Thereby, in combination with a control of the supplied gases, a precise control of the gas composition present in the interior of the reactor is possible.
    The composition of the purified product gas is preferably also monitored. Preferably, at least the oxygen content is monitored by means of a λ probe (lambda probe). This is necessary for safety reasons, in particular during storage and in particular during an optional compression of the gases. If the oxygen limit is exceeded, the gas supply can be interrupted by means of a shut-off device. The compression of the gases can be carried out according to the usual procedures and in accordance with the valid safety guidelines. The storage of the gas is e.g. possible in double shell boilers. The product gas can additionally be passed through an electrostatic filter for further purification, as known from the prior art. The outer wall of the container is electrically conductively connected to the outer wall of the electrostatic filter in order to reinforce the cleaning effect of the electrostatic filter again. During the cooling of the gas heated by the compression, it is again possible to condense out water, which collects at the bottom of the storage container and can be discharged from there through a suitable discharge device.
    From the storage under elevated pressure, a further advantage may result, as withdrawn gas cools by its expansion and thus kom-20 can be compressed-charged in the gas piston engine, thereby providing now higher force by the engine.
    In Germany, the operation of gas compression plants is not allowed without supervision even if the processes are fully automatic. To be able to use the wood gasification plant still in continuous operation, storage containers for 25 gas can be provided, which can store uncompressed gas. Such as. is known from biogas plants in agriculture, the gas produced can be collected in inflatable plastic covers and this subsequently compacted under personnel supervision and introduced into the reservoir.
    In one embodiment of the thermochemical wood gasification plant, the power and thus also the gas quality of the entire plant is determined by the compressor for compressing the product gas. The gas suction on the compressor is in this Ausfüh 14/25 11-12-2012 frunged: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -15- 10 2012/50571 5 10 15 20 25 30 form therefore exactly verifiable and controllable. The supply of the gases used can be done by simple valve control. Due to the low negative pressure generated by the compressor in the system upstream of the compressor, the active introduction of the gases with additional energy is not necessary. Particularly suitable is a wood gasification plant as described above in wood-processing enterprises with thermal utilization of wood waste. The purified wood gas is suitable for power generation as well as for all other applications in which gas is used as an energy source. In particular, the use in vehicles in traffic in place of natural gas and LPG is possible. At present, self-produced fuel is cheaper and tax-free in Germany, which makes it particularly suitable for agricultural and forestry businesses. The gas can be described as absolutely environmentally friendly, produced from possibly, domestic, biological raw materials. Further advantages and embodiments will be apparent from the attached figures. 1 shows a thermochemical biomass gasification plant according to the prior art; Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of part of an embodiment of a thermochemical wood gasification plant; Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the heat exchanger shown in Figure 2 in the upper region of the reac tor in a plan view. Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of an absorption scrubber for the separation of impurities from the product gas by absorption. Fig. 1 shows a thermochemical biomass gasification plant according to the prior art. This works according to the countercurrent principle. In this case, fuel (1) and gas (2) in the reactor (3) move in the opposite direction (P1, P2). In the example shown, fuel (1) is introduced into the reactor (3) from above and falls through the inlet opening (4) onto the reactor bottom (5), a grate (6) or fuel (1) already in the reactor (3). It thus forms a bed of fuel (1). 15/25 [11-12-2012 hinted: 12-12-2012 E014.1 -16- 10 2012/50571
    From below, the reactor is gas (2) such. B. supplied air. This gas (2) contains oxygen, which reacts with the fuel (1) in the reactor (3). Due to the high proportion of oxygen in the lower region of the reactor (3), there forms an oxidation zone (7), in which combustion of the fuel (1) takes place to form CO 2 and H 2 O. In this case, the oxygen content in the gas stream (2) is reduced. As a result of the air flowing in, the gas fraction already in the reactor (3) is pushed further upwards and passes through a reduction zone (8) in which CO, CH.sub.4 and H.sub.2 are formed. In this range, the oxygen content is too low for complete combustion of these high-energy gases to C02 and H20. In this range, carbon (C) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) are in equilibrium with kohenone oxide (CO) according to the Boudouard equilibrium. Due to the large excess of carbon in this zone, the equilibrium of the reaction can be shifted in the direction of the resulting carbon monoxide, although this reaction is endothermic. The necessary energy is supplied by the combustion energy provided in the oxidation zone (7). Above the reduction zone (8), the carbonization zone (9), the carbonization zone (10) and the drying zone (11) follow in the reactor (3) from bottom to top. These zones differ essentially by the temperature present there and therefore also by the processes running therein. In the drying zone (11), which passes freshly introduced fuel (1) first, a drying of the biomass (1) takes place first. At 20 temperatures of about 200Ό above all water, but also shares of other volatile organic substances such. As acetic acid, formic acid, oils, terpenes, organic solvents and other expelled from the biomass (1).
    In the in the direction of movement (P1) of the fuel (1) adjoining the Schwelzone (10), the first chemical reactions in the fuel (1) take place. These are pyrolytic decompositions, which usually endothermic. Farther downstream with respect to the transport direction (P1) of the fuel (1), it passes through the charring zone (9) where the fuel (1) is charred by cleavage of low molecular weight compounds similar to the charcoal production process. By charring the biomass (1) in this zone, it can be ensured that sufficient carbon 30 (charcoal, coke) for the shift of the mentioned Boudouard equilibrium towards the desired product gases carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4) and hydrogen (H2 ) is guaranteed. 16/25 11-12-2012 frinted: 12-12-2012 E014.1 10 2012/50571 - 17-
    The gas (2) flowing counter to the direction of movement (P1) of the fuel (1) can be removed therefrom in the upper region of the reactor (3). To remove the gasified biomass (1), a grate (6) is usually arranged in the lower region of the reactor (3), through which ash (12) can fall into a drawer (13), by means of which these 5 are taken from the reactor (3) can be. Since the gas (2) still passes through the charring (9), swelling (10), and drying zone (11) after the formation of the desired product gases CO, CH, and H2, it is removed from the biomass (1 ) contaminated substances. These are mainly ash (12), tars, water and other low-molecular compounds. The use of the gas (14) thus produced is not, for example, for generating electricity by means of a gas turbine or a gas turbine.
    Piston engine suitable because the impurities would pollute the gas turbine heavily. In particular, the high molecular weight tars would deposit in continuous operation on the sensitive components of the gas turbine.
    FIG. 2 shows part of an embodiment of a thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) according to the invention. The reactor (3) shown in the figure in the left-hand region is, like the reactor (3) shown in FIG. 1, a reactor (3) in which biomass (1) is gasified in the countercurrent process (P1, P2). In the upper area, a feed opening (4) for biomass (1) is shown. The combustion or gasification gas (2) is introduced through the supply line (16) from below into the reactor (3). The individual 20 zones (7, 8, 9, 10, 11), which are traversed by the biomass (1) and the gas (2) in countercurrent (P1, P2), largely correspond to those of the reactor shown in FIG ).
    However, in the upper region of the reactor (3) there is a gas collecting space (17), which is surrounded by a heat exchanger (19) integrated in the side wall (18) of the reactor (3). By means of this heat exchanger (19), it is possible to already cool the withdrawn gas (14) and at the same time dissipate heat energy from the reactor. This heat can be used for other processes. In particular, there are processes associated with the purification of the product gas (14). The product gas (14) exits the reactor through a product gas exhaust port (20) located at the top of the reactor (3). Preferably, this is arranged in a cover (21) of the reactor (3), which in turn is preferably removable in order to make the reactor interior accessible at a standstill. 17/25 11-12-2012 -18-
    The product gas (14) withdrawn from the reactor (3) is fed to a number of gas purification devices (not shown), which serve, in particular, to remove substances that could pollute a gas turbine. The separated from the gas fractions, in particular the low volatility shares are fed to a treatment device (22), in which they are chemically converted. The chemical conversion, in particular of high molecular weight impurities, can take place in the form of a carbonization, as shown in the example shown. Separated low molecular weight impurities can be evaporated without chemical conversion and thus supplied via the connecting line (23) to the reactor in the gaseous state.
    Both for the pollination of the high molecular weight impurities, as well as for the evaporation of low molecular weight impurities, the excess energy located above the upper portion of the reactor (3) can be used. For this purpose, the aftertreatment device (22) via lines (24,25), in which a heat exchange medium can be performed, connected to the heat exchanger (19). The energy thus supplied to the aftertreatment device (22) can be used to heat the two chambers (26, 27) located therein, in which the carbonization or the evaporation of the separated contaminant takes place.
    The respective impurities are supplied to these chambers (26, 27) via openings (not shown). In order to carry out the smoldering or the evaporation as completely as possible, an additional heater (28, 29) is provided in the Verschwelungskammer (26) and in the evaporation chamber (27), which provides the necessary energy.
    The swelled or vaporized substances leave the respective chamber (26, 27) in gaseous form via the discharge line (23) and are supplied to the reactor (3) in gaseous form. As a result of this introduction of the thermally treated substances deposited from the crude product gas, these pass through the reactor (3) at least for the second time. It is therefore a double rising countercurrent gasification.
    In the heaters (28, 29) in the Verschwelungskammer (26) and in the evaporation chamber (27) may be, for. B. act gas heaters, which z. B. be operated by product gas or electric heaters.
    Figure 3 shows the heat exchanger (19), which is located in the upper region of the reactor (3), in a plan view. The heat exchanger (19) surrounds a gas collecting space (17), which is filled by the product gas (14). A radially inner wall (30) of the heat exchanger (19) is in contact with the product gas (14). The heat exchanger (19) itself
    Printed: 12-12-2012 E014.1 - 19- 10 2012/50571 forms a hollow body through which a heat exchange medium (31) can be passed. This is fed to the heat exchanger (19) via feed lines, not shown, and discharged via also not shown derivatives. To set a defined flow in the interior of the heat exchanger (19), it is possible to provide a plurality of inlet and outlet lines 5. It is also possible to provide means for specifying a defined flow in the interior of the heat exchanger. This can z. B. deflectors, piping or other.
    Radially outside the heat exchanger, an insulating layer (32) connects, which minimizes heat leakage to the outside. At this insulating layer, the reactor wall closes ßenwand (33). The radially inner boundary (30) of the heat exchanger (19) preferably has the same diameter as the inner wall (18) of the reactor (3). This makes it possible that the entire inner surface of the reactor (3) forms a surface in the form of a cylinder jacket and therefore there are no protrusions or indentations. This can prevent biomass such. B. wood in the pre-15 cracks or indentations tilted and not, as intended, can be transported along the transport path.
    Figure 4 shows an absorption scrubber (34) for separating impurities from the product gas (14) by absorption. In this absorption scrubber (34), the raw gas (14) and an absorbent (35) move in countercurrent (P4, P5). In the example shown, the crude gas (14) is fed through the raw gas inlet opening (36) in the lower region of the absorption scrubber (34). In the direction of the gas outlet opening (37) flows through the gas (14) a Auflagerost (38), on which a bed of a packing (39) is arranged. Above the filling body (39), an absorbent (42) is fed to a spraying device (40) via an absorber inlet (41). By means of the spray device (40) 25 this is finely atomized and passes due to the gravitational forces in the flow direction of the gas opposite direction (P4) first in a non-packing (39) provided area where it is mixed with the gas (14). Also in the interior of the filling body (39) there is a mixing of absorbent (42) and raw gas (14), whereby it is cleaned. Absorbate (44) leaves the filler body (39) at the bottom and also carries absorbed contaminants, such as, in particular, tars. The absorbate (44) from the absorption scrubber (34) is carried out via an absorption outlet opening (43) in the lower region. To remove the tar from the absorbate (44), the absorbate (44) is aftertreated. The purified gas (14) passes through a mist eliminator (45), in, 1.9 / 25 111-12-2012
    Printed: 12-12-2012 E014.1 - 20 - 10 2012/50571 which drops in the gas (14) are removed from it. Subsequently, the de-contaminated gas (14) can be further processed. 20/25
    Il1-12-2012
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1. Thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) for the autothermal production of energetically usable gases (14) from biomass (1), in particular wood, wood chips, bark, sewage sludge, Wood chips, pellets, impregnated or treated wood, compost waste, gasified industrial waste, wood or cellulose-like chemical compounds, stalk or the like, in a fixed bed reactor (3) at 10 temperatures between 150 - 900 °, with gas cleaning equipment connected, for the purpose of sufficient purification of gas ( 14) for its use in gas piston engines, gas turbines and other gas-operated devices, characterized in that the gas purification device is connected to the upper part of the fixed bed reactor (3) an-15 ordered gas line (14) with this and comprises at least three different ne cleaning elements, which are selected from a group, the Zyk-lonabscheider, condensate or, catalyst, distillation apparatus, electrolyzer, electrodialysis separator, absorption scrubber (34), droplet separator (45) and others, and wherein the thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) comprises a Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation space (22), in which from energetically usable gas (14) separated impurities, in particular high molecular weight fractions of the total separated impurities such as wood tar, long-chain hydrocarbons and others, are thermally workable, wherein the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation chamber (22) chambers (26,27), wel-25 surface heat can be heated both by heat removed from the fixed bed reactor (3) and additionally by other energy sources in order to soften and / or vaporize the impurities separated from the energetically usable gas (14), and the polluting and / or evaporation space ( 22) via a thermally insulated gas line (23) connected to the fixed bed reactor (3) is, about which 30 are the smoldering and / or vaporized from the energetically usable gas (14) from separate impurities the reactor interior for further energetic use can be supplied. 21/25 11-12-2012 ^ rinted: 12-12-2012 E014.1 10 2012/50571 -22- 5 10 15 20 25 30
    [2]
    2. Thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) according to claim 1, characterized in that fixed bed reactor (3) in an upper region, preferably in the region of an upper wall portion, more preferably integrated into an upper wall portion, one sealed against a gasification chamber of the fixed bed reactor (3) gas-tight Room (19) through which a heat transport medium (31) is feasible, by means of which energy from the fixed bed reactor (3) to the Verschwe-lungs- and / or evaporation space (22) can be fed.
    [3]
    3. A thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wood gasification plant (15) has at least one condenser and an electrolyzer for the electrolytic cleavage of the energetically usable gas (14) auskondensierten low molecular weight compounds, and additionally preferably an electrodialysis Separator, by means of which a separated from the energetically usable gas (14) condensate before its supply to the electrolyzer in electrically conductive and non-electrically conductive components is separable.
    [4]
    4. Thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrolyzer is adapted to break down low molecular weight compounds, in particular separable by means of the electrodialysis separator electrically conductive components of the condensate into gaseous components and gas guiding means to these gaseous components depending on their composition to the energetically usable gas (14) or to the fixed bed reactor (3) supplied gas (2) zuzuleiten.
    [5]
    5. A thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wood gasification plant (15) has a heat exchanger, by means of which the fixed bed reactor feedable gas (2) can be heated by utilizing energy generated in the gasification. 22/25 [11-12-2012 frinted: 12-12-2012 E014.1 - 23 - 10 2012/50571 5 10 15 20 25 30
    [6]
    6. thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat exchanger is adapted to heat the fixed bed reactor (3) supplied gas (2) using the heat of effluent from the fixed bed reactor energetically usable gas (14) the energetically usable gas (14) can be cooled below the condensation point of water.
    [7]
    7. thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation chamber (22) has at least one electrically heatable element (28, 29), which preferably in direct contact with those from the energetically usable Gas (14) can be brought separated contaminants in order to bleach and / or to vaporize.
    [8]
    8. A thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wood gasification plant (15) comprises a distillation means by means of which one of the energetically usable gas (14) separated condensate in high-boiling and low-boiling compounds, in particular in high molecular weight and low molecular weight Compounds is separable, said distillation means preferably allows a fractional distillation.
    [9]
    9. thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) comprises means for monitoring and controlling the gasification process and / or for controlling the fresh gas supply, which allows gasification in continuous operation.
    [10]
    10. A thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermochemical wood gasification plant (15) comprises means for compressing the energetically usable gases (14) and preferably a reservoir, be 123/25 11-12-2012 More preferably inflatable plastic covers, for non-compressed gases (14), by means of which energetically usable gases (14) are storable before their compression.
    [11]
    11. Thermochemical wood gasification process for the autothermal production of ener-5 getischbaren gases (14) from biomass (1), in particular wood, wood chips, Rin de, sewage sludge, wood chips, pellets, impregnated or treated wood, compost waste, gasified industrial waste, wood or cellulose-like chemical compounds, stalks or the like, wherein the biomass (1) in a fixed bed reactor (3) is gasified at temperatures between 150 - 900 ° C and the er-io held gas (14) then a connected gas cleaning device for sufficient purification of the gas ( 14) is fed to its use in gas piston engines, gas turbines and other gas-powered equipment, characterized in that the gas obtained (14) via a in the upper part of the fixed bed reactor (3) angeord-15 nete gas line of the gas cleaning device is supplied and then in the gas cleaning device with at least three different cleaning oils These are selected from a group comprising cyclone separator, condenser, catalyst, distillation device, electrolyzer, electrodialysis separator, absorption scrubber (34), mist eliminator (45) and others, 20 and the from the energetically usable gas (14). separated impurities, especially higher molecular weight fractions of the total separated impurities such as wood tar, long-chain hydrocarbons and others, a Verschwelungs- and / or evaporation chamber (22) with chambers (26, 27), which both by the fixed bed reactor (3) heat dissipated and in addition be heated by other energy sources are fed, in which they are thermally verschwelt and / or evaporated and the fouled and / or vaporized from the energetically usable gas (14) separated impurities via a thermally insulated gas line (23) the fixed bed reactor (3 ) are fed for further energetic use ,
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    DE102005023601B4|2008-03-27|Process for the continuous or semi-continuous conversion of fatty or oily raw materials and waste into mixtures with a high hydrocarbon content, products produced by this process and their use
    EP2650347B1|2017-11-01|Combined mixed gas system with gas purification
    EP2545142B1|2016-05-04|Method and device for producing synthesis gas and for operating an internal combustion engine therewith
    EP2303995A2|2011-04-06|Method and device for producing low-tar synthesis gas from biomass
    DE102008036502A1|2010-02-11|Process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas from biomass
    DE102010012487A1|2011-09-29|Apparatus and process for the recovery of useful energy from bioenergy sources and other organic substances
    DE10327059A1|2005-01-20|Process for converting fat and oil containing raw materials and waste into high hydrocarbon content mixtures, products made by this process and their use
    EP2507346B1|2015-09-30|Device and method for the thermochemical harmonising and gasification of wet biomass
    DE10033453A1|2002-01-31|Method and device for pyrolysis and gasification of mixtures containing organic components
    DE10316969A1|2004-12-02|Process and device for the catalytic treatment of residues in continuously cleaned and heated tube bundle reactors
    EP3024912B1|2020-05-06|Method for purifying and obtaining gases that contain energy
    DE112011100511B4|2015-12-24|Exhaust air purification process and system for the elimination in particular of formaldehyde from a corresponding polluted exhaust gas stream of a biogas incinerator
    AT512361B1|2017-01-15|Thermochemical wood gasification plant with fixed bed reactor with double ascending countercurrent gasification, gas purification, gas supply, pollutant utilization and pollutant disposal for continuous operation with gas piston engines and gas turbines
    DE10030778C2|2002-11-14|Method and device for generating a fuel gas from biomass
    EP2082007A1|2009-07-29|Installation and method for the production of fuels made of biogenic raw material
    WO2008119525A1|2008-10-09|Installation and method for producing fuel from biogenous raw materials
    DE202010002225U1|2010-05-06|Exhaust air purification system for the elimination in particular of formaldehyde from a correspondingly polluted exhaust gas stream of a biogas incinerator
    DE102011011521A1|2012-07-05|Production of carbon and combustible gases from lignite
    DE102010001859A1|2011-08-11|Exhaust air purification system useful for eliminating formaldehyde from a corresponding contaminated exhaust gas stream of a biogas combustion device
    WO2012110236A1|2012-08-23|Generating carbon and combustible gases from brown coal
    DE102010044437A1|2012-03-08|Thermal treatment of organic starting materials or mixture of organic and inorganic starting materials for obtaining flammable gas, comprises feeding starting materials, converting, cooling, purifying and recovering combustible gas mixture
    DE102016008289B4|2019-01-31|Apparatus and method for allothermic fixed bed gasification of carbonaceous material
    AT502147B1|2010-11-15|METHOD FOR THE CATALYTIC CONVERTING OF SLUDGE SLUDGE
    DE202008018189U1|2012-02-06|Apparatus for the production of synthesis gas and for the operation of an internal combustion engine
    WO2019096915A1|2019-05-23|Method and device for the depolymerisation of hydrocarbon-containing waste substances
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT512361B1|2017-01-15|
    DE102011121992B4|2015-02-19|
    AT512361A3|2016-10-15|
    DE102011121992A1|2013-06-27|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CH230468A|1941-12-06|1944-01-15|Svedlund Axel|Method and device for cleaning generator gas, preferably produced from wood or peat, using cooling.|
    DE3635215C2|1986-10-16|1990-07-05|Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen, De|
    DD275879A1|1988-10-03|1990-02-07|Verkehrswesen Hochschule|ARRANGEMENT FOR CONDENSATE SEPARATION IN COUNTERSTREAM WOOD GENERATORS|
    DE102005026764B3|2005-06-10|2007-04-05|Ws Reformer Gmbh|Fixed bed gasifier and process for the gasification of solid fuel|
    DE102006028293A1|2006-06-20|2007-12-27|Walter Kuntschar|Process for purifying gases from a wood gasifier and filter therefor|
    AT504862B1|2007-01-24|2012-04-15|Urbas Maschinenfabrik Gesellschaft M B H|WOOD GASIFICATION SYSTEM|
    AT507068B1|2008-09-02|2010-02-15|Rudolf Berger|APPENDIX FOR THE PRODUCTION OF WOODEN GAS|
    DK2281864T3|2009-08-07|2017-06-19|Walter Sailer|Solid fuel gasification process and apparatus|DE102017011409A1|2017-12-11|2019-06-13|LES Leyendecker Energy Solutions GmbH|Method and apparatus for countercurrent gasification with gas recirculation|
    DE102018112067A1|2018-05-18|2019-11-21|Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft|Gas turbine circuit with low emissions, in particular starting emissions and improved starting behavior and associated method for operation of the gas turbine|
    法律状态:
    2019-08-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20181211 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102011121992.0A|DE102011121992B4|2011-12-22|2011-12-22|Thermochemical wood gasification plant with fixed bed reactor with double ascending countercurrent gasification, gas purification, gas supply, pollutant utilization and pollutant disposal for continuous operation with gas piston engines and gas turbines|
    [返回顶部]