• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a reciprocating compressor with flow control, the electromagnetic actuator (3) of the Abhebegreifers (2) has a separate actuator (10) for adjusting the Arbeitshubbereiches of the solenoid actuator (5), which can be chosen small and highly dynamic and only low power loss arises.
    公开号:AT511238A1
    申请号:T531/2011
    申请日:2011-04-14
    公开日:2012-10-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Hoerbiger Kompressortech Hold；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1 • * • · * φ
    815 AT
    Reciprocating compressor with flow control
    The invention relates to a reciprocating compressor with flow control, arranged with an at least one of the automatic mammalian valves, electromagnetically operated in the power stroke Abhebegreifer for periodically controlled keeping open the corresponding mammal valve over a certain crank angle range.
    For flow control of preferably running at constant speed reciprocating compressors is often resorted to the so-called backflow control, in which at least one mammalian valve per cylinder is kept open over a certain range of Verdichtungshubes. The compressive forces or flow forces of the over-held open mammal valve pushed back gas can close the closing member of the respective mammal valve only after overcoming a certain part of the piston stroke, since this closing member is acted upon from the other side with an adjusted counter to the desired flow reduction. The greater this counterforce, the later closes the respective mammal valve in the compression stroke, whereby the flow rate decreases. Since set at too large a constant counter-force, the mammary valve at some point no longer closes, the control range must be limited in this type of compressor control down to avoid an intermediate idle the compressor with all the associated problems. In these flow rate control arrangements are known in which the loading device for the open-ended mammal valve is simply biased hydraulically or pneumatically, which can be taken by varying the corresponding biasing pressure influence on the flow rate.
    Furthermore, for example, from EP 694 693 Al a Rückströmregelung for reciprocating compressor is known in which a hydraulic control cylinder which is periodically acted upon by a control element in the stroke with pressure medium and relieved, acting in the stroke direction on the closing member of the open-to-hold mammal valve. The hydraulically applied lifting force is thus abruptly reduced at a certain crank angle, whereby a safe and rapid closing of the mammal valve is initiated. For example, from EP 1 400 692 Al similar flow rate controls are also known with pneumatic actuation, which has the advantage that the operating pressure can be derived directly from the reciprocating compressor itself. Due to the relative "* * *" * * * "" * * "*" * * * * * * * * * * * * * ··· * * · 2 * * * suffered
    815 AT high compressibility of the compressed gas, however, conditions to be defined exactly for the volumes to be vented and ventilation times must be complied with.
    For a very long time, reciprocating compressors with an electromagnetically operated back flow regulation of the type mentioned above are also known. For example, from DE1251121A or DE 849 739 B and similar writings, some of which date back to the 1930s, in which a lift-off gripper acting on the sealing element of the mammal valve is moved over an electromagnet whose periodic excitation is effected, for example, by a collector rotates synchronously with the crankshaft of the compressor. The special course of the necessary actuation force to hold open the mammal valve during the pushing back of the suction gas requires a high force from the magnetic actuator, which at the same time requires rather large magnets with the demand for low heat. At the same time, however, the magnet should have a high degree of dynamics in order to be able to open and close quickly, which is rather unattainable by large electromagnets, since the stored energy and the effort required to build up or dissipate electricity are significantly greater for large magnets. Especially with arrangements of the type mentioned above, thermal expansions and wear can lead to a displacement of the necessary working stroke range of the magnetic actuator. Since electromagnets have a very limited useful effective range of a few millimeters of lifting height, one would have to in order to apply even with a shift in the working range still correspondingly large actuation forces, also put on correspondingly enlarged magnets, which further reduces the dynamics of actuation.
    All this was previously contrary to an electromagnetic backflow control of the type mentioned above especially when higher compressor speeds are required and the circumstances of the use do not allow separate cooling in the range of necessarily large magnetic actuators.
    Object of the present invention is to improve an arrangement of the type mentioned so that the mentioned disadvantages of the related art are avoided and that especially with small electromagnets as an actuator of the operating device of the Abhebegreifers the required high actuation dynamics are provided with low heat loss can.
    This object is achieved according to the present invention in that the electromagnetic actuator of the lift-off gripper has a separate actuator for adjusting the working stroke range of the magnetic actuator used. In order to use the magnetic actuator for the controlled movement of the Abhebegreifers on the necessary for the flow control stroke range optimally, this is thus combined with a separate actuator that can work comparatively slowly, since it only serves to the actual control actuator always in the for to operate the electromagnet optimal working range. Thus, it is now possible to meet all requirements in terms of power, dynamics and energy consumption and to make the actual magnetic actuator of the electromagnetic actuator of the lift-off gripper smaller by at least a factor of 2. This leads to a nearly twice the dynamics of the control with relatively low power loss. The high dynamics allows in an extremely advantageous manner an active control of the opening and closing movement of the lifting device during the stroke of the magnetic actuator. The power losses can be reduced by about 50-70% compared to a simple, larger magnetic actuator, since the shifted amounts of energy are now much lower, which even allows the use of such a flow control without external cooling of the magnetic actuators and thus opens up many new applications of such regulations only where external cooling is not possible or permitted.
    In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the actuator acts on the magnetic actuator, including actuated Abhebegreiferein and adjusted if necessary, their common position relative to the mammalian valve. Thus, the entire lifting device is thus adjusted relative to the sealing element of the corresponding mammal valve, which allows a simple adjustment of the working stroke of the magnetic actuator relative to its attack on the mammalian valve.
    According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the actuator can also have a Längenverstelleinheit for a switched between the magnetic actuator and Abhebegreifer transmission rod, which does not need to be adjusted relative to the mammal valve the entire Abhebeeinrichtung and the adjustment of the working stroke of the magnetic actuator only via an elongation or reduction the transmission rod takes place.
    The actuator may have in both variants mentioned an electric motor operated threaded spindle, which, as mentioned, only has to work relatively slowly and thus manages with small driving forces. • ·
    815 AT
    The actuator can according to another embodiment of the invention also indirectly, preferably via levers, oblique ramps or the like, act on the adjustment of the working stroke of the magnetic actuator, which allows simple adaptation to the respective conditions and, for example, further miniaturization or, if necessary, from each other independent adjustments allowed from the start and end point of the stroke.
    In a particularly preferred further embodiment, it is provided that the actuating device of the lifting gripper has additional spring elements and / or fluid damper, which results in an additional relief of the magnetic actuator with appropriate tuning or design.
    The energization of the magnetic actuator can be regulated in a further preferred embodiment of the invention as a function of the currently acting on the mammalian valve Rückströmkraft. During the opening of the mammalian valve, the level of the backflow force depends on the actual piston speed of the compressor, which is known or determinable, for example, via a crank angle sensor. The energization of the magnetic actuator to generate the necessary hold-open force can thus be adjusted accordingly, which further reduces the total power consumption and thus the heat loss.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawing. Fig. 1 shows a section through the area of a mammalian valve of a reciprocating compressor according to the invention with flow control and Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment in the same representation.
    Referring to Fig. 1, a reciprocating compressor, not further shown, has an unloading gripper 2 disposed on an automatic mammalian valve 1 of the compressor, which maintains two annular sealing elements 4 of the mammal valve 1 via a controllable portion of the compressor's operating stroke. The actuator 3 has for this purpose as a drive to a magnetic actuator 5, the magnetic coil 6 cooperates with an armature plate 7 which is attached to the upper end of a transmission rod 8. The transmission rod 8 in turn is connected in its lower region with the Abhebergreifer 2 and guided in the longitudinal direction of a symbolically illustrated guide 9.
    * * ft * * ft ····································
    815 AT
    The electromagnetic actuator 3 further has a separate actuator 10, which acts here for example via an electric motor-operated threaded spindle drive 11 and a displaceable oblique ramp 12 to the effective length of the switched between the magnetic actuator 5 and Abhebegreifer 2 transmission rod 8. In this way, therefore, the periodic electromagnetic actuation of the lift-off gripper 2 in the working cycle of the reciprocating compressor is decoupled from the adjustment of the working stroke range of the magnetic actuator 5 via the actuator 10.
    At the top of the anchor plate 7, an upper stop 13 is shown for example via a spring, not shown here or the like when not activated actuator 3 fixed retracted position of the Abhebegreifers 2, and a spring element 14 and a fluid damper 15, which are also used independently can and with appropriate design and vote allow relief of the electromagnetic actuator 3.
    As soon as the magnetic actuator 5 of the actuating device 3 is energized via the electrical control device 16 and thus the armature plate 7 is tightened (contrary to feathering not shown), the lifting gripper 2 moves downward in the illustration and thus acts on the otherwise free mobility of the sealing elements 4 , These can thus be held open against a normally controllable part of the compression stroke of the reciprocating compressor contrary to the otherwise purely on the pressure conditions before and after the mammal valve 1 automatic actuation, which allows control of the flow rate of a constant speed compressor via the so-called backflow in a known way. About an in Fig. 1 only indicated circuit element 20 in the control device 16 can also be an adaptation of the holding force of the actuator 3 to the determined, for example via a crank angle sensor 21, respectively effective Rückströmkraft done by controlling the energization, which helps to reduce unnecessary heat loss.
    In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, deviating from FIG. 1, the transmission rod 8 between anchor plate 7 and lifting gripper 2 is not continuous and its length can not be changed. To set the working stroke range of the magnetic actuator 5 here the actuator 10 acts via a housing 17 and a housing flange 18 together on the solenoid actuator 5 together with it operated Abhebegreifer 2, whereby their common position relative to the mammal valve 2 can be adjusted as needed. All other a * • «
    For the description of the corresponding features and functions, reference is therefore made here to FIG. 1 only.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    * m

    7

    1. Reciprocating compressor with flow control, with one of at least one of the automatic mammalian valves (1) arranged, electromagnetically actuatable Abhebegreifer (2) for periodically controlled keeping open the corresponding mammal valve (1) over a certain crank angle range, characterized in that the electromagnetic Actuating device (3) of the Abhebegreifers (2) has a separate actuator (10) for adjusting the Arbeitshubbereiches of the magnetic actuator (5) used.
    [2]
    2. Reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (10) on the magnetic actuator (5) together with actuated Abhebegreifer (2) acts and, if necessary, their common position relative to the mammalian valve (l) adjusted (Fig. 2).
    [3]
    3. Reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (10) has a Längenverstelleinheit for between magnetic actuator (5) and Abhebegreifer (2) switched transmission rod (8) (Fig. 1).
    [4]
    4. Reciprocating compressor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the actuator (10) has an electric motor-operated threaded spindle drive (11).
    [5]
    5. Reciprocating compressor according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actuator (10) indirectly, preferably via levers, oblique ramps (12) or the like, acts on the adjustment of the working stroke of the magnetic actuator (5).
    [6]
    6. Reciprocating compressor according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ßetätigungseinrichtung (3) of the Abhebegreifers (2) additional spring elements (14) and / or fluid damper (15).
    [7]
    7. Reciprocating compressor, according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the energization of the magnetic actuator (5) is regulated in response to the currently acting on the mammalian valve (1) Rückströmkraft.
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    DE1251121B|1967-09-28|Dienes Werke fur Maschinenteile GmbH, Vilkerath bei Köln|Plate valve with electromagnetic lift control|
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    AT413234B|2002-09-19|2005-12-15|Hoerbiger Kompressortech Hold|PISTON COMPRESSOR AND METHOD FOR THE STAGE-FREE DELIVERY RATE CONTROL THEREOF|
    DE20216686U1|2002-10-29|2003-01-23|Pauden Scient & Technological|Solenoid valve for gas flow|
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    ITGE20060067A1|2006-06-28|2007-12-29|Dott Ing Mario Cozzani Srl|APPARATUS FOR THE CONTINUOUS ADJUSTMENT OF THE FLOW OF ALTERNATIVE COMPRESSORS.|
    CN100412365C|2006-12-22|2008-08-20|浙江大学|Device for lifting piston compressor air inlet valve based on time control|
    ITGE20080036A1|2008-04-30|2009-11-01|Dott Ing Mario Cozzani Srl|METHOD FOR THE CONTROL OF THE POSITION OF AN ELECTROMECHANICAL ACTUATOR FOR VALVES OF ALTERNATIVE COMPRESSORS.|
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